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=head1 NAME |
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AnyEvent::HTTP - simple but non-blocking HTTP/HTTPS client |
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=head1 SYNOPSIS |
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use AnyEvent::HTTP; |
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|
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=head1 DESCRIPTION |
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|
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This module is an L<AnyEvent> user, you need to make sure that you use and |
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run a supported event loop. |
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=head2 METHODS |
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=over 4 |
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=cut |
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package AnyEvent::HTTP; |
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|
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use strict; |
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no warnings; |
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|
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use Carp; |
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|
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use AnyEvent (); |
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use AnyEvent::Util (); |
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use AnyEvent::Socket (); |
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use AnyEvent::Handle (); |
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|
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use base Exporter::; |
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|
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our $VERSION = '1.0'; |
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|
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our @EXPORT = qw(http_get http_request); |
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|
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our $USERAGENT = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; AnyEvent::HTTP/$VERSION; +http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/AnyEvent)"; |
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our $MAX_RECURSE = 10; |
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our $MAX_PERSISTENT = 8; |
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our $PERSISTENT_TIMEOUT = 2; |
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our $TIMEOUT = 300; |
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|
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# changing these is evil |
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our $MAX_PERSISTENT_PER_HOST = 2; |
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our $MAX_PER_HOST = 4; # not respected yet :( |
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|
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our $PROXY; |
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|
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my %KA_COUNT; # number of open keep-alive connections per host |
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=item http_get $url, key => value..., $cb->($data, $headers) |
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Executes an HTTP-GET request. See the http_request function for details on |
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additional parameters. |
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=item http_head $url, key => value..., $cb->($data, $headers) |
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Executes an HTTP-HEAD request. See the http_request function for details on |
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additional parameters. |
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=item http_post $url, $body, key => value..., $cb->($data, $headers) |
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Executes an HTTP-POST request with a request body of C<$bod>. See the |
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http_request function for details on additional parameters. |
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=item http_request $method => $url, key => value..., $cb->($data, $headers) |
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Executes a HTTP request of type C<$method> (e.g. C<GET>, C<POST>). The URL |
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must be an absolute http or https URL. |
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The callback will be called with the response data as first argument |
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(or C<undef> if it wasn't available due to errors), and a hash-ref with |
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response headers as second argument. |
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All the headers in that hash are lowercased. In addition to the response |
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headers, the three "pseudo-headers" C<HTTPVersion>, C<Status> and |
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C<Reason> contain the three parts of the HTTP Status-Line of the same |
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name. |
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If an internal error occurs, such as not being able to resolve a hostname, |
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then C<$data> will be C<undef>, C<< $headers->{Status} >> will be C<599> |
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and the C<Reason> pseudo-header will contain an error message. |
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|
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A typical callback might look like this: |
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|
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sub { |
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my ($body, $hdr) = @_; |
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if ($hdr->{Status} =~ /^2/) { |
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... everything should be ok |
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} else { |
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print "error, $hdr->{Status} $hdr->{Reason}\n"; |
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} |
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} |
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Additional parameters are key-value pairs, and are fully optional. They |
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include: |
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=over 4 |
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=item recurse => $count (default: $MAX_RECURSE) |
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Whether to recurse requests or not, e.g. on redirects, authentication |
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retries and so on, and how often to do so. |
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=item headers => hashref |
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The request headers to use. |
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=item timeout => $seconds |
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The time-out to use for various stages - each connect attempt will reset |
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the timeout, as will read or write activity. Default timeout is 5 minutes. |
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=item proxy => [$host, $port[, $scheme]] or undef |
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Use the given http proxy for all requests. If not specified, then the |
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default proxy (as specified by C<$ENV{http_proxy}>) is used. |
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C<$scheme> must be either missing or C<http> for HTTP, or C<https> for |
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HTTPS. |
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=item body => $string |
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The request body, usually empty. Will be-sent as-is (future versions of |
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this module might offer more options). |
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=back |
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|
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=back |
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|
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=cut |
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sub http_request($$$;@) { |
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my $cb = pop; |
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my ($method, $url, %arg) = @_; |
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my %hdr; |
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$method = uc $method; |
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if (my $hdr = $arg{headers}) { |
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while (my ($k, $v) = each %$hdr) { |
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$hdr{lc $k} = $v; |
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} |
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} |
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my $recurse = exists $arg{recurse} ? $arg{recurse} : $MAX_RECURSE; |
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return $cb->(undef, { Status => 599, Reason => "recursion limit reached" }) |
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if $recurse < 0; |
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my $proxy = $arg{proxy} || $PROXY; |
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my $timeout = $arg{timeout} || $TIMEOUT; |
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$hdr{"user-agent"} ||= $USERAGENT; |
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my ($host, $port, $path, $scheme); |
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if ($proxy) { |
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($host, $port, $scheme) = @$proxy; |
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$path = $url; |
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} else { |
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($scheme, my $authority, $path, my $query, my $fragment) = |
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$url =~ m|(?:([^:/?#]+):)?(?://([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(?:\?([^#]*))?(?:#(.*))?|; |
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$port = $scheme eq "http" ? 80 |
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: $scheme eq "https" ? 443 |
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: return $cb->(undef, { Status => 599, Reason => "$url: only http and https URLs supported" }); |
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$authority =~ /^(?: .*\@ )? ([^\@:]+) (?: : (\d+) )?$/x |
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or return $cb->(undef, { Status => 599, Reason => "$url: unparsable URL" }); |
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$host = $1; |
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$port = $2 if defined $2; |
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$host =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/; |
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$path .= "?$query" if length $query; |
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$path = "/" unless $path; |
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$hdr{host} = $host = lc $host; |
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} |
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$scheme = lc $scheme; |
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my %state; |
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$hdr{"content-length"} = length $arg{body}; |
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$state{connect_guard} = AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect $host, $port, sub { |
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$state{fh} = shift |
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or return $cb->(undef, { Status => 599, Reason => "$!" }); |
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delete $state{connect_guard}; # reduce memory usage, save a tree |
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# get handle |
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$state{handle} = new AnyEvent::Handle |
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fh => $state{fh}, |
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($scheme eq "https" ? (tls => "connect") : ()); |
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# limit the number of persistent connections |
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if ($KA_COUNT{$_[1]} < $MAX_PERSISTENT_PER_HOST) { |
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++$KA_COUNT{$_[1]}; |
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$state{handle}{ka_count_guard} = AnyEvent::Util::guard { --$KA_COUNT{$_[1]} }; |
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$hdr{connection} = "keep-alive"; |
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delete $hdr{connection}; # keep-alive not yet supported |
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} else { |
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delete $hdr{connection}; |
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} |
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# (re-)configure handle |
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$state{handle}->timeout ($timeout); |
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$state{handle}->on_error (sub { |
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%state = (); |
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$cb->(undef, { Status => 599, Reason => "$!" }); |
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}); |
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$state{handle}->on_eof (sub { |
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%state = (); |
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$cb->(undef, { Status => 599, Reason => "unexpected end-of-file" }); |
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}); |
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# send request |
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$state{handle}->push_write ( |
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"$method $path HTTP/1.0\015\012" |
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. (join "", map "$_: $hdr{$_}\015\012", keys %hdr) |
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. "\015\012" |
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. (delete $arg{body}) |
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); |
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%hdr = (); # reduce memory usage, save a kitten |
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# status line |
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$state{handle}->push_read (line => qr/\015?\012/, sub { |
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$_[1] =~ /^HTTP\/([0-9\.]+) \s+ ([0-9]{3}) \s+ ([^\015\012]+)/ix |
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or return (%state = (), $cb->(undef, { Status => 599, Reason => "invalid server response ($_[1])" })); |
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my %hdr = ( # response headers |
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HTTPVersion => ",$1", |
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Status => ",$2", |
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Reason => ",$3", |
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); |
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# headers, could be optimized a bit |
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$state{handle}->unshift_read (line => qr/\015?\012\015?\012/, sub { |
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for ("$_[1]\012") { |
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# we support spaces in field names, as lotus domino |
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# creates them. |
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$hdr{lc $1} .= ",$2" |
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while /\G |
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([^:\000-\037]+): |
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[\011\040]* |
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((?: [^\015\012]+ | \015?\012[\011\040] )*) |
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\015?\012 |
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/gxc; |
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|
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/\G$/ |
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or return $cb->(undef, { Status => 599, Reason => "garbled response headers" }); |
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} |
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substr $_, 0, 1, "" |
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for values %hdr; |
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my $finish = sub { |
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if ($_[1]{Status} =~ /^30[12]$/ && $recurse) { |
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http_request ($method, $_[1]{location}, %arg, recurse => $recurse - 1, $cb); |
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} else { |
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$cb->($_[0], $_[1]); |
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} |
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}; |
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if ($hdr{Status} =~ /^(?:1..|204|304)$/ or $method eq "HEAD") { |
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%state = (); |
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$finish->(undef, \%hdr); |
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} else { |
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if (exists $hdr{"content-length"}) { |
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$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $hdr{"content-length"}, sub { |
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# could cache persistent connection now |
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if ($hdr{connection} =~ /\bkeep-alive\b/i) { |
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# but we don't, due to misdesigns, this is annoyingly complex |
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}; |
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%state = (); |
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$finish->($_[1], \%hdr); |
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}); |
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} else { |
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# too bad, need to read until we get an error or EOF, |
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# no way to detect winged data. |
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$_[0]->on_error (sub { |
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%state = (); |
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$finish->($_[0]{rbuf}, \%hdr); |
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}); |
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$_[0]->on_eof (undef); |
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$_[0]->on_read (sub { }); |
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} |
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} |
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}); |
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}); |
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}, sub { |
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$timeout |
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}; |
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|
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defined wantarray && AnyEvent::Util::guard { %state = () } |
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} |
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|
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sub http_get($$;@) { |
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unshift @_, "GET"; |
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&http_request |
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} |
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|
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sub http_head($$;@) { |
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unshift @_, "HEAD"; |
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&http_request |
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} |
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|
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sub http_post($$$;@) { |
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unshift @_, "POST", "body"; |
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&http_request |
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} |
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|
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=head2 GLOBAL FUNCTIONS AND VARIABLES |
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|
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=over 4 |
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|
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=item AnyEvent::HTTP::set_proxy "proxy-url" |
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Sets the default proxy server to use. The proxy-url must begin with a |
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string of the form C<http://host:port> (optionally C<https:...>). |
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|
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=item $AnyEvent::HTTP::MAX_RECURSE |
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|
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The default value for the C<recurse> request parameter (default: C<10>). |
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|
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=item $AnyEvent::HTTP::USERAGENT |
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The default value for the C<User-Agent> header (the default is |
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C<Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; AnyEvent::HTTP/$VERSION; +http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/AnyEvent)>). |
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|
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=item $AnyEvent::HTTP::MAX_PERSISTENT |
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|
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The maximum number of persistent connections to keep open (default: 8). |
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Not implemented currently. |
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|
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=item $AnyEvent::HTTP::PERSISTENT_TIMEOUT |
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|
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The maximum time to cache a persistent connection, in seconds (default: 2). |
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|
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Not implemented currently. |
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|
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=back |
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|
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=cut |
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|
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sub set_proxy($) { |
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$PROXY = [$2, $3 || 3128, $1] if $_[0] =~ m%^(https?):// ([^:/]+) (?: : (\d*) )?%ix; |
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} |
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|
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# initialise proxy from environment |
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set_proxy $ENV{http_proxy}; |
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|
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=head1 SEE ALSO |
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|
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L<AnyEvent>. |
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|
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=head1 AUTHOR |
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|
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Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |
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http://home.schmorp.de/ |
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|
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=cut |
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|
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1 |
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