[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent-MP/MP.pm

Comparing AnyEvent-MP/MP.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.43 by root, Sun Aug 9 16:08:16 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.83 by root, Tue Sep 8 01:38:16 2009 UTC

…		…
4		4
5	=head1 SYNOPSIS	5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
6		6
7	use AnyEvent::MP;	7	use AnyEvent::MP;
8		8
9	$NODE # contains this node's noderef	9	$NODE # contains this node's node ID
10	NODE # returns this node's noderef	10	NODE # returns this node's node ID
11	NODE $port # returns the noderef of the port
12		11
13	$SELF # receiving/own port id in rcv callbacks	12	$SELF # receiving/own port id in rcv callbacks
14		13
		14	# initialise the node so it can send/receive messages
		15	configure;
		16
15	# ports are message endpoints	17	# ports are message destinations
16		18
17	# sending messages	19	# sending messages
18	snd $port, type => data...;	20	snd $port, type => data...;
19	snd $port, @msg;	21	snd $port, @msg;
20	snd @msg_with_first_element_being_a_port;	22	snd @msg_with_first_element_being_a_port;
21		23
22	# miniports	24	# creating/using ports, the simple way
23	my $miniport = port { my @msg = @_; 0 };	25	my $simple_port = port { my @msg = @_ };
24		26
25	# full ports	27	# creating/using ports, tagged message matching
26	my $port = port;	28	my $port = port;
27	rcv $port, smartmatch => $cb->(@msg);
28	rcv $port, ping => sub { snd $_[0], "pong"; 0 };	29	rcv $port, ping => sub { snd $_[0], "pong" };
29	rcv $port, pong => sub { warn "pong received\n"; 0 };	30	rcv $port, pong => sub { warn "pong received\n" };
30		31
31	# remote ports	32	# create a port on another node
32	my $port = spawn $node, $initfunc, @initdata;	33	my $port = spawn $node, $initfunc, @initdata;
33
34	# more, smarter, matches (_any_ is exported by this module)
35	rcv $port, [child_died => $pid] => sub { ...
36	rcv $port, [_any_, _any_, 3] => sub { .. $_[2] is 3
37		34
38	# monitoring	35	# monitoring
39	mon $port, $cb->(@msg) # callback is invoked on death	36	mon $port, $cb->(@msg) # callback is invoked on death
40	mon $port, $otherport # kill otherport on abnormal death	37	mon $port, $otherport # kill otherport on abnormal death
41	mon $port, $otherport, @msg # send message on death	38	mon $port, $otherport, @msg # send message on death
42		39
		40	=head1 CURRENT STATUS
		41
		42	bin/aemp - stable.
		43	AnyEvent::MP - stable API, should work.
		44	AnyEvent::MP::Intro - explains most concepts.
		45	AnyEvent::MP::Kernel - mostly stable.
		46	AnyEvent::MP::Global - stable but incomplete, protocol not yet final.
		47
		48	stay tuned.
		49
43	=head1 DESCRIPTION	50	=head1 DESCRIPTION
44		51
45	This module (-family) implements a simple message passing framework.	52	This module (-family) implements a simple message passing framework.
46		53
47	Despite its simplicity, you can securely message other processes running	54	Despite its simplicity, you can securely message other processes running
48	on the same or other hosts.	55	on the same or other hosts, and you can supervise entities remotely.
49		56
50	For an introduction to this module family, see the L<AnyEvent::MP::Intro>	57	For an introduction to this module family, see the L<AnyEvent::MP::Intro>
51	manual page.	58	manual page and the examples under F<eg/>.
52
53	At the moment, this module family is severly broken and underdocumented,
54	so do not use. This was uploaded mainly to reserve the CPAN namespace -
55	stay tuned! The basic API should be finished, however.
56		59
57	=head1 CONCEPTS	60	=head1 CONCEPTS
58		61
59	=over 4	62	=over 4
60		63
61	=item port	64	=item port
62		65
63	A port is something you can send messages to (with the C<snd> function).	66	Not to be confused with a TCP port, a "port" is something you can send
		67	messages to (with the C<snd> function).
64		68
65	Some ports allow you to register C<rcv> handlers that can match specific	69	Ports allow you to register C<rcv> handlers that can match all or just
66	messages. All C<rcv> handlers will receive messages they match, messages	70	some messages. Messages send to ports will not be queued, regardless of
67	will not be queued.	71	anything was listening for them or not.
68		72
69	=item port id - C<noderef#portname>	73	=item port ID - C<nodeid#portname>
70		74
71	A port id is normaly the concatenation of a noderef, a hash-mark (C<#>) as	75	A port ID is the concatenation of a node ID, a hash-mark (C<#>) as
72	separator, and a port name (a printable string of unspecified format). An	76	separator, and a port name (a printable string of unspecified format).
73	exception is the the node port, whose ID is identical to its node
74	reference.
75		77
76	=item node	78	=item node
77		79
78	A node is a single process containing at least one port - the node	80	A node is a single process containing at least one port - the node port,
79	port. You can send messages to node ports to find existing ports or to	81	which enables nodes to manage each other remotely, and to create new
80	create new ports, among other things.	82	ports.
81		83
82	Nodes are either private (single-process only), slaves (connected to a	84	Nodes are either public (have one or more listening ports) or private
83	master node only) or public nodes (connectable from unrelated nodes).	85	(no listening ports). Private nodes cannot talk to other private nodes
		86	currently.
84		87
85	=item noderef - C<host:port,host:port...>, C<id@noderef>, C<id>	88	=item node ID - C<[a-za-Z0-9_\-.:]+>
86		89
87	A node reference is a string that either simply identifies the node (for	90	A node ID is a string that uniquely identifies the node within a
88	private and slave nodes), or contains a recipe on how to reach a given	91	network. Depending on the configuration used, node IDs can look like a
89	node (for public nodes).	92	hostname, a hostname and a port, or a random string. AnyEvent::MP itself
		93	doesn't interpret node IDs in any way.
90		94
91	This recipe is simply a comma-separated list of C<address:port> pairs (for	95	=item binds - C<ip:port>
92	TCP/IP, other protocols might look different).
93		96
94	Node references come in two flavours: resolved (containing only numerical	97	Nodes can only talk to each other by creating some kind of connection to
95	addresses) or unresolved (where hostnames are used instead of addresses).	98	each other. To do this, nodes should listen on one or more local transport
		99	endpoints - binds. Currently, only standard C<ip:port> specifications can
		100	be used, which specify TCP ports to listen on.
96		101
97	Before using an unresolved node reference in a message you first have to	102	=item seed nodes
98	resolve it.	103
		104	When a node starts, it knows nothing about the network. To teach the node
		105	about the network it first has to contact some other node within the
		106	network. This node is called a seed.
		107
		108	Apart from the fact that other nodes know them as seed nodes and they have
		109	to have fixed listening addresses, seed nodes are perfectly normal nodes -
		110	any node can function as a seed node for others.
		111
		112	In addition to discovering the network, seed nodes are also used to
		113	maintain the network and to connect nodes that otherwise would have
		114	trouble connecting. They form the backbone of the AnyEvent::MP network.
		115
		116	Seed nodes are expected to be long-running, and at least one seed node
		117	should always be available.
		118
		119	=item seeds - C<host:port>
		120
		121	Seeds are transport endpoint(s) (usually a hostname/IP address and a
		122	TCP port) of nodes thta should be used as seed nodes.
		123
		124	The nodes listening on those endpoints are expected to be long-running,
		125	and at least one of those should always be available. When nodes run out
		126	of connections (e.g. due to a network error), they try to re-establish
		127	connections to some seednodes again to join the network.
99		128
100	=back	129	=back
101		130
102	=head1 VARIABLES/FUNCTIONS	131	=head1 VARIABLES/FUNCTIONS
103		132
…		…
105		134
106	=cut	135	=cut
107		136
108	package AnyEvent::MP;	137	package AnyEvent::MP;
109		138
110	use AnyEvent::MP::Base;	139	use AnyEvent::MP::Kernel;
111		140
112	use common::sense;	141	use common::sense;
113		142
114	use Carp ();	143	use Carp ();
115		144
116	use AE ();	145	use AE ();
117		146
118	use base "Exporter";	147	use base "Exporter";
119		148
120	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::MP::Base::VERSION;	149	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::MP::Kernel::VERSION;
121		150
122	our @EXPORT = qw(	151	our @EXPORT = qw(
123	NODE $NODE *SELF node_of _any_	152	NODE $NODE *SELF node_of after
124	resolve_node initialise_node	153	configure
125	snd rcv mon kil reg psub spawn	154	snd rcv mon mon_guard kil reg psub spawn
126	port	155	port
127	);	156	);
128		157
129	our $SELF;	158	our $SELF;
130		159
…		…
134	kil $SELF, die => $msg;	163	kil $SELF, die => $msg;
135	}	164	}
136		165
137	=item $thisnode = NODE / $NODE	166	=item $thisnode = NODE / $NODE
138		167
139	The C<NODE> function returns, and the C<$NODE> variable contains	168	The C<NODE> function returns, and the C<$NODE> variable contains, the node
140	the noderef of the local node. The value is initialised by a call	169	ID of the node running in the current process. This value is initialised by
141	to C<become_public> or C<become_slave>, after which all local port	170	a call to C<configure>.
142	identifiers become invalid.
143		171
144	=item $noderef = node_of $port	172	=item $nodeid = node_of $port
145		173
146	Extracts and returns the noderef from a portid or a noderef.	174	Extracts and returns the node ID from a port ID or a node ID.
147		175
148	=item initialise_node $noderef, $seednode, $seednode...	176	=item configure $profile, key => value...
149		177
150	=item initialise_node "slave/", $master, $master...	178	=item configure key => value...
151		179
152	Before a node can talk to other nodes on the network it has to initialise	180	Before a node can talk to other nodes on the network (i.e. enter
153	itself - the minimum a node needs to know is it's own name, and optionally	181	"distributed mode") it has to configure itself - the minimum a node needs
154	it should know the noderefs of some other nodes in the network.	182	to know is its own name, and optionally it should know the addresses of
		183	some other nodes in the network to discover other nodes.
155		184
156	This function initialises a node - it must be called exactly once (or	185	This function configures a node - it must be called exactly once (or
157	never) before calling other AnyEvent::MP functions.	186	never) before calling other AnyEvent::MP functions.
158		187
159	All arguments are noderefs, which can be either resolved or unresolved.
160
161	There are two types of networked nodes, public nodes and slave nodes:
162
163	=over 4	188	=over 4
164		189
165	=item public nodes	190	=item step 1, gathering configuration from profiles
166		191
167	For public nodes, C<$noderef> must either be a (possibly unresolved)	192	The function first looks up a profile in the aemp configuration (see the
168	noderef, in which case it will be resolved, or C<undef> (or missing), in	193	L<aemp> commandline utility). The profile name can be specified via the
169	which case the noderef will be guessed.	194	named C<profile> parameter or can simply be the first parameter). If it is
		195	missing, then the nodename (F<uname -n>) will be used as profile name.
170		196
171	Afterwards, the node will bind itself on all endpoints and try to connect	197	The profile data is then gathered as follows:
172	to all additional C<$seednodes> that are specified. Seednodes are optional
173	and can be used to quickly bootstrap the node into an existing network.
174		198
175	=item slave nodes	199	First, all remaining key => value pairs (all of which are conveniently
		200	undocumented at the moment) will be interpreted as configuration
		201	data. Then they will be overwritten by any values specified in the global
		202	default configuration (see the F<aemp> utility), then the chain of
		203	profiles chosen by the profile name (and any C<parent> attributes).
176		204
177	When the C<$noderef> is the special string C<slave/>, then the node will	205	That means that the values specified in the profile have highest priority
178	become a slave node. Slave nodes cannot be contacted from outside and will	206	and the values specified directly via C<configure> have lowest priority,
179	route most of their traffic to the master node that they attach to.	207	and can only be used to specify defaults.
180		208
181	At least one additional noderef is required: The node will try to connect	209	If the profile specifies a node ID, then this will become the node ID of
182	to all of them and will become a slave attached to the first node it can	210	this process. If not, then the profile name will be used as node ID. The
183	successfully connect to.	211	special node ID of C<anon/> will be replaced by a random node ID.
		212
		213	=item step 2, bind listener sockets
		214
		215	The next step is to look up the binds in the profile, followed by binding
		216	aemp protocol listeners on all binds specified (it is possible and valid
		217	to have no binds, meaning that the node cannot be contacted form the
		218	outside. This means the node cannot talk to other nodes that also have no
		219	binds, but it can still talk to all "normal" nodes).
		220
		221	If the profile does not specify a binds list, then a default of C<*> is
		222	used, meaning the node will bind on a dynamically-assigned port on every
		223	local IP address it finds.
		224
		225	=item step 3, connect to seed nodes
		226
		227	As the last step, the seeds list from the profile is passed to the
		228	L<AnyEvent::MP::Global> module, which will then use it to keep
		229	connectivity with at least one node at any point in time.
184		230
185	=back	231	=back
186		232
187	This function will block until all nodes have been resolved and, for slave	233	Example: become a distributed node using the locla node name as profile.
188	nodes, until it has successfully established a connection to a master	234	This should be the most common form of invocation for "daemon"-type nodes.
189	server.
190		235
191	Example: become a public node listening on the default node.	236	configure
192		237
193	initialise_node;	238	Example: become an anonymous node. This form is often used for commandline
		239	clients.
194		240
195	Example: become a public node, and try to contact some well-known master	241	configure nodeid => "anon/";
196	servers to become part of the network.
197		242
198	initialise_node undef, "master1", "master2";	243	Example: configure a node using a profile called seed, which si suitable
		244	for a seed node as it binds on all local addresses on a fixed port (4040,
		245	customary for aemp).
199		246
200	Example: become a public node listening on port C<4041>.	247	# use the aemp commandline utility
		248	# aemp profile seed nodeid anon/ binds '*:4040'
201		249
202	initialise_node 4041;	250	# then use it
		251	configure profile => "seed";
203		252
204	Example: become a public node, only visible on localhost port 4044.	253	# or simply use aemp from the shell again:
		254	# aemp run profile seed
205		255
206	initialise_node "locahost:4044";	256	# or provide a nicer-to-remember nodeid
207		257	# aemp run profile seed nodeid "$(hostname)"
208	Example: become a slave node to any of the specified master servers.
209
210	initialise_node "slave/", "master1", "192.168.13.17", "mp.example.net";
211
212	=item $cv = resolve_node $noderef
213
214	Takes an unresolved node reference that may contain hostnames and
215	abbreviated IDs, resolves all of them and returns a resolved node
216	reference.
217
218	In addition to C<address:port> pairs allowed in resolved noderefs, the
219	following forms are supported:
220
221	=over 4
222
223	=item the empty string
224
225	An empty-string component gets resolved as if the default port (4040) was
226	specified.
227
228	=item naked port numbers (e.g. C<1234>)
229
230	These are resolved by prepending the local nodename and a colon, to be
231	further resolved.
232
233	=item hostnames (e.g. C<localhost:1234>, C<localhost>)
234
235	These are resolved by using AnyEvent::DNS to resolve them, optionally
236	looking up SRV records for the C<aemp=4040> port, if no port was
237	specified.
238
239	=back
240		258
241	=item $SELF	259	=item $SELF
242		260
243	Contains the current port id while executing C<rcv> callbacks or C<psub>	261	Contains the current port id while executing C<rcv> callbacks or C<psub>
244	blocks.	262	blocks.
245		263
246	=item SELF, %SELF, @SELF...	264	=item *SELF, SELF, %SELF, @SELF...
247		265
248	Due to some quirks in how perl exports variables, it is impossible to	266	Due to some quirks in how perl exports variables, it is impossible to
249	just export C<$SELF>, all the symbols called C<SELF> are exported by this	267	just export C<$SELF>, all the symbols named C<SELF> are exported by this
250	module, but only C<$SELF> is currently used.	268	module, but only C<$SELF> is currently used.
251		269
252	=item snd $port, type => @data	270	=item snd $port, type => @data
253		271
254	=item snd $port, @msg	272	=item snd $port, @msg
255		273
256	Send the given message to the given port ID, which can identify either	274	Send the given message to the given port, which can identify either a
257	a local or a remote port, and can be either a string or soemthignt hat	275	local or a remote port, and must be a port ID.
258	stringifies a sa port ID (such as a port object :).
259		276
260	While the message can be about anything, it is highly recommended to use a	277	While the message can be almost anything, it is highly recommended to
261	string as first element (a portid, or some word that indicates a request	278	use a string as first element (a port ID, or some word that indicates a
262	type etc.).	279	request type etc.) and to consist if only simple perl values (scalars,
		280	arrays, hashes) - if you think you need to pass an object, think again.
263		281
264	The message data effectively becomes read-only after a call to this	282	The message data logically becomes read-only after a call to this
265	function: modifying any argument is not allowed and can cause many	283	function: modifying any argument (or values referenced by them) is
266	problems.	284	forbidden, as there can be considerable time between the call to C<snd>
		285	and the time the message is actually being serialised - in fact, it might
		286	never be copied as within the same process it is simply handed to the
		287	receiving port.
267		288
268	The type of data you can transfer depends on the transport protocol: when	289	The type of data you can transfer depends on the transport protocol: when
269	JSON is used, then only strings, numbers and arrays and hashes consisting	290	JSON is used, then only strings, numbers and arrays and hashes consisting
270	of those are allowed (no objects). When Storable is used, then anything	291	of those are allowed (no objects). When Storable is used, then anything
271	that Storable can serialise and deserialise is allowed, and for the local	292	that Storable can serialise and deserialise is allowed, and for the local
272	node, anything can be passed.	293	node, anything can be passed. Best rely only on the common denominator of
		294	these.
273		295
274	=item $local_port = port	296	=item $local_port = port
275		297
276	Create a new local port object that can be used either as a pattern	298	Create a new local port object and returns its port ID. Initially it has
277	matching port ("full port") or a single-callback port ("miniport"),	299	no callbacks set and will throw an error when it receives messages.
278	depending on how C<rcv> callbacks are bound to the object.
279		300
280	=item $port = port { my @msg = @_; $finished }	301	=item $local_port = port { my @msg = @_ }
281		302
282	Creates a "miniport", that is, a very lightweight port without any pattern	303	Creates a new local port, and returns its ID. Semantically the same as
283	matching behind it, and returns its ID. Semantically the same as creating
284	a port and calling C<rcv $port, $callback> on it.	304	creating a port and calling C<rcv $port, $callback> on it.
285		305
286	The block will be called for every message received on the port. When the	306	The block will be called for every message received on the port, with the
287	callback returns a true value its job is considered "done" and the port	307	global variable C<$SELF> set to the port ID. Runtime errors will cause the
288	will be destroyed. Otherwise it will stay alive.	308	port to be C<kil>ed. The message will be passed as-is, no extra argument
		309	(i.e. no port ID) will be passed to the callback.
289		310
290	The message will be passed as-is, no extra argument (i.e. no port id) will	311	If you want to stop/destroy the port, simply C<kil> it:
291	be passed to the callback.
292		312
293	If you need the local port id in the callback, this works nicely:	313	my $port = port {
294		314	my @msg = @_;
295	my $port; $port = port {	315	...
296	snd $otherport, reply => $port;	316	kil $SELF;
297	};	317	};
298		318
299	=cut	319	=cut
300		320
301	sub rcv($@);	321	sub rcv($@);
		322
		323	sub _kilme {
		324	die "received message on port without callback";
		325	}
302		326
303	sub port(;&) {	327	sub port(;&) {
304	my $id = "$UNIQ." . $ID++;	328	my $id = "$UNIQ." . $ID++;
305	my $port = "$NODE#$id";	329	my $port = "$NODE#$id";
306		330
307	if (@_) {	331	rcv $port, shift \|\| \&_kilme;
308	rcv $port, shift;
309	} else {
310	$PORT{$id} = sub { }; # nop
311	}
312		332
313	$port	333	$port
314	}	334	}
315		335
316	=item reg $port, $name
317
318	=item reg $name
319
320	Registers the given port (or C<$SELF><<< if missing) under the name
321	C<$name>. If the name already exists it is replaced.
322
323	A port can only be registered under one well known name.
324
325	A port automatically becomes unregistered when it is killed.
326
327	=cut
328
329	sub reg(@) {
330	my $port = @_ > 1 ? shift : $SELF \|\| Carp::croak 'reg: called with one argument only, but $SELF not set,';
331
332	$REG{$_[0]} = $port;
333	}
334
335	=item rcv $port, $callback->(@msg)	336	=item rcv $local_port, $callback->(@msg)
336		337
337	Replaces the callback on the specified miniport (after converting it to	338	Replaces the default callback on the specified port. There is no way to
338	one if required).	339	remove the default callback: use C<sub { }> to disable it, or better
339		340	C<kil> the port when it is no longer needed.
340	=item rcv $port, tagstring => $callback->(@msg), ...
341
342	=item rcv $port, $smartmatch => $callback->(@msg), ...
343
344	=item rcv $port, [$smartmatch...] => $callback->(@msg), ...
345
346	Register callbacks to be called on matching messages on the given full
347	port (after converting it to one if required) and return the port.
348
349	The callback has to return a true value when its work is done, after
350	which is will be removed, or a false value in which case it will stay
351	registered.
352		341
353	The global C<$SELF> (exported by this module) contains C<$port> while	342	The global C<$SELF> (exported by this module) contains C<$port> while
354	executing the callback.	343	executing the callback. Runtime errors during callback execution will
		344	result in the port being C<kil>ed.
355		345
356	Runtime errors during callback execution will result in the port being	346	The default callback received all messages not matched by a more specific
357	C<kil>ed.	347	C<tag> match.
358		348
359	If the match is an array reference, then it will be matched against the	349	=item rcv $local_port, tag => $callback->(@msg_without_tag), ...
360	first elements of the message, otherwise only the first element is being
361	matched.
362		350
363	Any element in the match that is specified as C<_any_> (a function	351	Register (or replace) callbacks to be called on messages starting with the
364	exported by this module) matches any single element of the message.	352	given tag on the given port (and return the port), or unregister it (when
		353	C<$callback> is C<$undef> or missing). There can only be one callback
		354	registered for each tag.
365		355
366	While not required, it is highly recommended that the first matching	356	The original message will be passed to the callback, after the first
367	element is a string identifying the message. The one-string-only match is	357	element (the tag) has been removed. The callback will use the same
368	also the most efficient match (by far).	358	environment as the default callback (see above).
369		359
370	Example: create a port and bind receivers on it in one go.	360	Example: create a port and bind receivers on it in one go.
371		361
372	my $port = rcv port,	362	my $port = rcv port,
373	msg1 => sub { ...; 0 },	363	msg1 => sub { ... },
374	msg2 => sub { ...; 0 },	364	msg2 => sub { ... },
375	;	365	;
376		366
377	Example: create a port, bind receivers and send it in a message elsewhere	367	Example: create a port, bind receivers and send it in a message elsewhere
378	in one go:	368	in one go:
379		369
380	snd $otherport, reply =>	370	snd $otherport, reply =>
381	rcv port,	371	rcv port,
382	msg1 => sub { ...; 0 },	372	msg1 => sub { ... },
383	...	373	...
384	;	374	;
385		375
		376	Example: temporarily register a rcv callback for a tag matching some port
		377	(e.g. for a rpc reply) and unregister it after a message was received.
		378
		379	rcv $port, $otherport => sub {
		380	my @reply = @_;
		381
		382	rcv $SELF, $otherport;
		383	};
		384
386	=cut	385	=cut
387		386
388	sub rcv($@) {	387	sub rcv($@) {
389	my $port = shift;	388	my $port = shift;
390	my ($noderef, $portid) = split /#/, $port, 2;	389	my ($nodeid, $portid) = split /#/, $port, 2;
391		390
392	($NODE{$noderef} \|\| add_node $noderef) == $NODE{""}	391	$NODE{$nodeid} == $NODE{""}
393	or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on local ports, caught";	392	or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on local ports, caught";
394		393
395	if (@_ == 1) {	394	while (@_) {
		395	if (ref $_[0]) {
		396	if (my $self = $PORT_DATA{$portid}) {
		397	"AnyEvent::MP::Port" eq ref $self
		398	or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on message matching ports, caught";
		399
		400	$self->[2] = shift;
		401	} else {
396	my $cb = shift;	402	my $cb = shift;
397	delete $PORT_DATA{$portid};
398	$PORT{$portid} = sub {	403	$PORT{$portid} = sub {
399	local $SELF = $port;	404	local $SELF = $port;
400	eval {	405	eval { &$cb }; _self_die if $@;
401	&$cb	406	};
402	and kil $port;
403	};	407	}
404	_self_die if $@;	408	} elsif (defined $_[0]) {
405	};
406	} else {
407	my $self = $PORT_DATA{$portid} \|\|= do {	409	my $self = $PORT_DATA{$portid} \|\|= do {
408	my $self = bless {	410	my $self = bless [$PORT{$port} \|\| sub { }, { }, $port], "AnyEvent::MP::Port";
409	id => $port,
410	}, "AnyEvent::MP::Port";
411		411
412	$PORT{$portid} = sub {	412	$PORT{$portid} = sub {
413	local $SELF = $port;	413	local $SELF = $port;
414		414
415	eval {
416	for (@{ $self->{rc0}{$_[0]} }) {	415	if (my $cb = $self->[1]{$_[0]}) {
417	$_ && &{$_->[0]}	416	shift;
418	&& undef $_;	417	eval { &$cb }; _self_die if $@;
419	}	418	} else {
420
421	for (@{ $self->{rcv}{$_[0]} }) {
422	$_ && [@_[1 .. @{$_->[1]}]] ~~ $_->[1]
423	&& &{$_->[0]}	419	&{ $self->[0] };
424	&& undef $_;
425	}
426
427	for (@{ $self->{any} }) {
428	$_ && [@_[0 .. $#{$_->[1]}]] ~~ $_->[1]
429	&& &{$_->[0]}
430	&& undef $_;
431	}	420	}
432	};	421	};
433	_self_die if $@;	422
		423	$self
434	};	424	};
435		425
436	$self
437	};
438
439	"AnyEvent::MP::Port" eq ref $self	426	"AnyEvent::MP::Port" eq ref $self
440	or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on message matching ports, caught";	427	or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on message matching ports, caught";
441		428
442	while (@_) {
443	my ($match, $cb) = splice @_, 0, 2;	429	my ($tag, $cb) = splice @_, 0, 2;
444		430
445	if (!ref $match) {	431	if (defined $cb) {
446	push @{ $self->{rc0}{$match} }, [$cb];	432	$self->[1]{$tag} = $cb;
447	} elsif (("ARRAY" eq ref $match && !ref $match->[0])) {
448	my ($type, @match) = @$match;
449	@match
450	? push @{ $self->{rcv}{$match->[0]} }, [$cb, \@match]
451	: push @{ $self->{rc0}{$match->[0]} }, [$cb];
452	} else {	433	} else {
453	push @{ $self->{any} }, [$cb, $match];	434	delete $self->[1]{$tag};
454	}	435	}
455	}	436	}
456	}	437	}
457		438
458	$port	439	$port
…		…
494	$res	475	$res
495	}	476	}
496	}	477	}
497	}	478	}
498		479
499	=item $guard = mon $port, $cb->(@reason)	480	=item $guard = mon $port, $cb->(@reason) # call $cb when $port dies
500		481
501	=item $guard = mon $port, $rcvport	482	=item $guard = mon $port, $rcvport # kill $rcvport when $port dies
502		483
503	=item $guard = mon $port	484	=item $guard = mon $port # kill $SELF when $port dies
504		485
505	=item $guard = mon $port, $rcvport, @msg	486	=item $guard = mon $port, $rcvport, @msg # send a message when $port dies
506		487
507	Monitor the given port and do something when the port is killed or	488	Monitor the given port and do something when the port is killed or
508	messages to it were lost, and optionally return a guard that can be used	489	messages to it were lost, and optionally return a guard that can be used
509	to stop monitoring again.	490	to stop monitoring again.
510
511	C<mon> effectively guarantees that, in the absence of hardware failures,
512	that after starting the monitor, either all messages sent to the port
513	will arrive, or the monitoring action will be invoked after possible
514	message loss has been detected. No messages will be lost "in between"
515	(after the first lost message no further messages will be received by the
516	port). After the monitoring action was invoked, further messages might get
517	delivered again.
518		491
519	In the first form (callback), the callback is simply called with any	492	In the first form (callback), the callback is simply called with any
520	number of C<@reason> elements (no @reason means that the port was deleted	493	number of C<@reason> elements (no @reason means that the port was deleted
521	"normally"). Note also that I<< the callback B<must> never die >>, so use	494	"normally"). Note also that I<< the callback B<must> never die >>, so use
522	C<eval> if unsure.	495	C<eval> if unsure.
523		496
524	In the second form (another port given), the other port (C<$rcvport>)	497	In the second form (another port given), the other port (C<$rcvport>)
525	will be C<kil>'ed with C<@reason>, iff a @reason was specified, i.e. on	498	will be C<kil>'ed with C<@reason>, if a @reason was specified, i.e. on
526	"normal" kils nothing happens, while under all other conditions, the other	499	"normal" kils nothing happens, while under all other conditions, the other
527	port is killed with the same reason.	500	port is killed with the same reason.
528		501
529	The third form (kill self) is the same as the second form, except that	502	The third form (kill self) is the same as the second form, except that
530	C<$rvport> defaults to C<$SELF>.	503	C<$rvport> defaults to C<$SELF>.
531		504
532	In the last form (message), a message of the form C<@msg, @reason> will be	505	In the last form (message), a message of the form C<@msg, @reason> will be
533	C<snd>.	506	C<snd>.
		507
		508	Monitoring-actions are one-shot: once messages are lost (and a monitoring
		509	alert was raised), they are removed and will not trigger again.
534		510
535	As a rule of thumb, monitoring requests should always monitor a port from	511	As a rule of thumb, monitoring requests should always monitor a port from
536	a local port (or callback). The reason is that kill messages might get	512	a local port (or callback). The reason is that kill messages might get
537	lost, just like any other message. Another less obvious reason is that	513	lost, just like any other message. Another less obvious reason is that
538	even monitoring requests can get lost (for exmaple, when the connection	514	even monitoring requests can get lost (for example, when the connection
539	to the other node goes down permanently). When monitoring a port locally	515	to the other node goes down permanently). When monitoring a port locally
540	these problems do not exist.	516	these problems do not exist.
541		517
		518	C<mon> effectively guarantees that, in the absence of hardware failures,
		519	after starting the monitor, either all messages sent to the port will
		520	arrive, or the monitoring action will be invoked after possible message
		521	loss has been detected. No messages will be lost "in between" (after
		522	the first lost message no further messages will be received by the
		523	port). After the monitoring action was invoked, further messages might get
		524	delivered again.
		525
		526	Inter-host-connection timeouts and monitoring depend on the transport
		527	used. The only transport currently implemented is TCP, and AnyEvent::MP
		528	relies on TCP to detect node-downs (this can take 10-15 minutes on a
		529	non-idle connection, and usually around two hours for idle conenctions).
		530
		531	This means that monitoring is good for program errors and cleaning up
		532	stuff eventually, but they are no replacement for a timeout when you need
		533	to ensure some maximum latency.
		534
542	Example: call a given callback when C<$port> is killed.	535	Example: call a given callback when C<$port> is killed.
543		536
544	mon $port, sub { warn "port died because of <@_>\n" };	537	mon $port, sub { warn "port died because of <@_>\n" };
545		538
546	Example: kill ourselves when C<$port> is killed abnormally.	539	Example: kill ourselves when C<$port> is killed abnormally.
…		…
552	mon $port, $self => "restart";	545	mon $port, $self => "restart";
553		546
554	=cut	547	=cut
555		548
556	sub mon {	549	sub mon {
557	my ($noderef, $port) = split /#/, shift, 2;	550	my ($nodeid, $port) = split /#/, shift, 2;
558		551
559	my $node = $NODE{$noderef} \|\| add_node $noderef;	552	my $node = $NODE{$nodeid} \|\| add_node $nodeid;
560		553
561	my $cb = @_ ? shift : $SELF \|\| Carp::croak 'mon: called with one argument only, but $SELF not set,';	554	my $cb = @_ ? shift : $SELF \|\| Carp::croak 'mon: called with one argument only, but $SELF not set,';
562		555
563	unless (ref $cb) {	556	unless (ref $cb) {
564	if (@_) {	557	if (@_) {
…		…
584	is killed, the references will be freed.	577	is killed, the references will be freed.
585		578
586	Optionally returns a guard that will stop the monitoring.	579	Optionally returns a guard that will stop the monitoring.
587		580
588	This function is useful when you create e.g. timers or other watchers and	581	This function is useful when you create e.g. timers or other watchers and
589	want to free them when the port gets killed:	582	want to free them when the port gets killed (note the use of C<psub>):
590		583
591	$port->rcv (start => sub {	584	$port->rcv (start => sub {
592	my $timer; $timer = mon_guard $port, AE::timer 1, 1, sub {	585	my $timer; $timer = mon_guard $port, AE::timer 1, 1, psub {
593	undef $timer if 0.9 < rand;	586	undef $timer if 0.9 < rand;
594	});	587	});
595	});	588	});
596		589
597	=cut	590	=cut
…		…
606		599
607	=item kil $port[, @reason]	600	=item kil $port[, @reason]
608		601
609	Kill the specified port with the given C<@reason>.	602	Kill the specified port with the given C<@reason>.
610		603
611	If no C<@reason> is specified, then the port is killed "normally" (linked	604	If no C<@reason> is specified, then the port is killed "normally" (ports
612	ports will not be kileld, or even notified).	605	monitoring other ports will not necessarily die because a port dies
		606	"normally").
613		607
614	Otherwise, linked ports get killed with the same reason (second form of	608	Otherwise, linked ports get killed with the same reason (second form of
615	C<mon>, see below).	609	C<mon>, see above).
616		610
617	Runtime errors while evaluating C<rcv> callbacks or inside C<psub> blocks	611	Runtime errors while evaluating C<rcv> callbacks or inside C<psub> blocks
618	will be reported as reason C<< die => $@ >>.	612	will be reported as reason C<< die => $@ >>.
619		613
620	Transport/communication errors are reported as C<< transport_error =>	614	Transport/communication errors are reported as C<< transport_error =>
…		…
625	=item $port = spawn $node, $initfunc[, @initdata]	619	=item $port = spawn $node, $initfunc[, @initdata]
626		620
627	Creates a port on the node C<$node> (which can also be a port ID, in which	621	Creates a port on the node C<$node> (which can also be a port ID, in which
628	case it's the node where that port resides).	622	case it's the node where that port resides).
629		623
630	The port ID of the newly created port is return immediately, and it is	624	The port ID of the newly created port is returned immediately, and it is
631	permissible to immediately start sending messages or monitor the port.	625	possible to immediately start sending messages or to monitor the port.
632		626
633	After the port has been created, the init function is	627	After the port has been created, the init function is called on the remote
634	called. This function must be a fully-qualified function name	628	node, in the same context as a C<rcv> callback. This function must be a
635	(e.g. C<MyApp::Chat::Server::init>). To specify a function in the main	629	fully-qualified function name (e.g. C<MyApp::Chat::Server::init>). To
636	program, use C<::name>.	630	specify a function in the main program, use C<::name>.
637		631
638	If the function doesn't exist, then the node tries to C<require>	632	If the function doesn't exist, then the node tries to C<require>
639	the package, then the package above the package and so on (e.g.	633	the package, then the package above the package and so on (e.g.
640	C<MyApp::Chat::Server>, C<MyApp::Chat>, C<MyApp>) until the function	634	C<MyApp::Chat::Server>, C<MyApp::Chat>, C<MyApp>) until the function
641	exists or it runs out of package names.	635	exists or it runs out of package names.
642		636
643	The init function is then called with the newly-created port as context	637	The init function is then called with the newly-created port as context
644	object (C<$SELF>) and the C<@initdata> values as arguments.	638	object (C<$SELF>) and the C<@initdata> values as arguments. It I<must>
		639	call one of the C<rcv> functions to set callbacks on C<$SELF>, otherwise
		640	the port might not get created.
645		641
646	A common idiom is to pass your own port, monitor the spawned port, and	642	A common idiom is to pass a local port, immediately monitor the spawned
647	in the init function, monitor the original port. This two-way monitoring	643	port, and in the remote init function, immediately monitor the passed
648	ensures that both ports get cleaned up when there is a problem.	644	local port. This two-way monitoring ensures that both ports get cleaned up
		645	when there is a problem.
		646
		647	C<spawn> guarantees that the C<$initfunc> has no visible effects on the
		648	caller before C<spawn> returns (by delaying invocation when spawn is
		649	called for the local node).
649		650
650	Example: spawn a chat server port on C<$othernode>.	651	Example: spawn a chat server port on C<$othernode>.
651		652
652	# this node, executed from within a port context:	653	# this node, executed from within a port context:
653	my $server = spawn $othernode, "MyApp::Chat::Server::connect", $SELF;	654	my $server = spawn $othernode, "MyApp::Chat::Server::connect", $SELF;
…		…
668		669
669	sub _spawn {	670	sub _spawn {
670	my $port = shift;	671	my $port = shift;
671	my $init = shift;	672	my $init = shift;
672		673
		674	# rcv will create the actual port
673	local $SELF = "$NODE#$port";	675	local $SELF = "$NODE#$port";
674	eval {	676	eval {
675	&{ load_func $init }	677	&{ load_func $init }
676	};	678	};
677	_self_die if $@;	679	_self_die if $@;
678	}	680	}
679		681
680	sub spawn(@) {	682	sub spawn(@) {
681	my ($noderef, undef) = split /#/, shift, 2;	683	my ($nodeid, undef) = split /#/, shift, 2;
682		684
683	my $id = "$RUNIQ." . $ID++;	685	my $id = "$RUNIQ." . $ID++;
684		686
685	$_[0] =~ /::/	687	$_[0] =~ /::/
686	or Carp::croak "spawn init function must be a fully-qualified name, caught";	688	or Carp::croak "spawn init function must be a fully-qualified name, caught";
687		689
688	($NODE{$noderef} \|\| add_node $noderef)	690	snd_to_func $nodeid, "AnyEvent::MP::_spawn" => $id, @_;
689	->send (["", "AnyEvent::MP::_spawn" => $id, @_]);
690		691
691	"$noderef#$id"	692	"$nodeid#$id"
692	}	693	}
693		694
694	=back	695	=item after $timeout, @msg
695		696
696	=head1 NODE MESSAGES	697	=item after $timeout, $callback
697		698
698	Nodes understand the following messages sent to them. Many of them take	699	Either sends the given message, or call the given callback, after the
699	arguments called C<@reply>, which will simply be used to compose a reply	700	specified number of seconds.
700	message - C<$reply[0]> is the port to reply to, C<$reply[1]> the type and
701	the remaining arguments are simply the message data.
702		701
703	While other messages exist, they are not public and subject to change.	702	This is simply a utility function that comes in handy at times - the
		703	AnyEvent::MP author is not convinced of the wisdom of having it, though,
		704	so it may go away in the future.
704		705
705	=over 4
706
707	=cut	706	=cut
708		707
709	=item lookup => $name, @reply	708	sub after($@) {
		709	my ($timeout, @action) = @_;
710		710
711	Replies with the port ID of the specified well-known port, or C<undef>.	711	my $t; $t = AE::timer $timeout, 0, sub {
712		712	undef $t;
713	=item devnull => ...	713	ref $action[0]
714		714	? $action[0]()
715	Generic data sink/CPU heat conversion.	715	: snd @action;
716		716	};
717	=item relay => $port, @msg	717	}
718
719	Simply forwards the message to the given port.
720
721	=item eval => $string[ @reply]
722
723	Evaluates the given string. If C<@reply> is given, then a message of the
724	form C<@reply, $@, @evalres> is sent.
725
726	Example: crash another node.
727
728	snd $othernode, eval => "exit";
729
730	=item time => @reply
731
732	Replies the the current node time to C<@reply>.
733
734	Example: tell the current node to send the current time to C<$myport> in a
735	C<timereply> message.
736
737	snd $NODE, time => $myport, timereply => 1, 2;
738	# => snd $myport, timereply => 1, 2, <time>
739		718
740	=back	719	=back
741		720
742	=head1 AnyEvent::MP vs. Distributed Erlang	721	=head1 AnyEvent::MP vs. Distributed Erlang
743		722
…		…
753		732
754	Despite the similarities, there are also some important differences:	733	Despite the similarities, there are also some important differences:
755		734
756	=over 4	735	=over 4
757		736
758	=item * Node references contain the recipe on how to contact them.	737	=item * Node IDs are arbitrary strings in AEMP.
759		738
760	Erlang relies on special naming and DNS to work everywhere in the	739	Erlang relies on special naming and DNS to work everywhere in the same
761	same way. AEMP relies on each node knowing it's own address(es), with	740	way. AEMP relies on each node somehow knowing its own address(es) (e.g. by
762	convenience functionality.	741	configuration or DNS), but will otherwise discover other odes itself.
763		742
764	This means that AEMP requires a less tightly controlled environment at the	743	=item * Erlang has a "remote ports are like local ports" philosophy, AEMP
765	cost of longer node references and a slightly higher management overhead.	744	uses "local ports are like remote ports".
		745
		746	The failure modes for local ports are quite different (runtime errors
		747	only) then for remote ports - when a local port dies, you I<know> it dies,
		748	when a connection to another node dies, you know nothing about the other
		749	port.
		750
		751	Erlang pretends remote ports are as reliable as local ports, even when
		752	they are not.
		753
		754	AEMP encourages a "treat remote ports differently" philosophy, with local
		755	ports being the special case/exception, where transport errors cannot
		756	occur.
766		757
767	=item * Erlang uses processes and a mailbox, AEMP does not queue.	758	=item * Erlang uses processes and a mailbox, AEMP does not queue.
768		759
769	Erlang uses processes that selctively receive messages, and therefore	760	Erlang uses processes that selectively receive messages, and therefore
770	needs a queue. AEMP is event based, queuing messages would serve no useful	761	needs a queue. AEMP is event based, queuing messages would serve no
771	purpose.	762	useful purpose. For the same reason the pattern-matching abilities of
		763	AnyEvent::MP are more limited, as there is little need to be able to
		764	filter messages without dequeuing them.
772		765
773	(But see L<Coro::MP> for a more Erlang-like process model on top of AEMP).	766	(But see L<Coro::MP> for a more Erlang-like process model on top of AEMP).
774		767
775	=item * Erlang sends are synchronous, AEMP sends are asynchronous.	768	=item * Erlang sends are synchronous, AEMP sends are asynchronous.
776		769
777	Sending messages in Erlang is synchronous and blocks the process. AEMP	770	Sending messages in Erlang is synchronous and blocks the process (and
778	sends are immediate, connection establishment is handled in the	771	so does not need a queue that can overflow). AEMP sends are immediate,
779	background.	772	connection establishment is handled in the background.
780		773
781	=item * Erlang can silently lose messages, AEMP cannot.	774	=item * Erlang suffers from silent message loss, AEMP does not.
782		775
783	Erlang makes few guarantees on messages delivery - messages can get lost	776	Erlang makes few guarantees on messages delivery - messages can get lost
784	without any of the processes realising it (i.e. you send messages a, b,	777	without any of the processes realising it (i.e. you send messages a, b,
785	and c, and the other side only receives messages a and c).	778	and c, and the other side only receives messages a and c).
786		779
787	AEMP guarantees correct ordering, and the guarantee that there are no	780	AEMP guarantees correct ordering, and the guarantee that after one message
788	holes in the message sequence.	781	is lost, all following ones sent to the same port are lost as well, until
789		782	monitoring raises an error, so there are no silent "holes" in the message
790	=item * In Erlang, processes can be declared dead and later be found to be	783	sequence.
791	alive.
792
793	In Erlang it can happen that a monitored process is declared dead and
794	linked processes get killed, but later it turns out that the process is
795	still alive - and can receive messages.
796
797	In AEMP, when port monitoring detects a port as dead, then that port will
798	eventually be killed - it cannot happen that a node detects a port as dead
799	and then later sends messages to it, finding it is still alive.
800		784
801	=item * Erlang can send messages to the wrong port, AEMP does not.	785	=item * Erlang can send messages to the wrong port, AEMP does not.
802		786
803	In Erlang it is quite possible that a node that restarts reuses a process	787	In Erlang it is quite likely that a node that restarts reuses a process ID
804	ID known to other nodes for a completely different process, causing	788	known to other nodes for a completely different process, causing messages
805	messages destined for that process to end up in an unrelated process.	789	destined for that process to end up in an unrelated process.
806		790
807	AEMP never reuses port IDs, so old messages or old port IDs floating	791	AEMP never reuses port IDs, so old messages or old port IDs floating
808	around in the network will not be sent to an unrelated port.	792	around in the network will not be sent to an unrelated port.
809		793
810	=item * Erlang uses unprotected connections, AEMP uses secure	794	=item * Erlang uses unprotected connections, AEMP uses secure
811	authentication and can use TLS.	795	authentication and can use TLS.
812		796
813	AEMP can use a proven protocol - SSL/TLS - to protect connections and	797	AEMP can use a proven protocol - TLS - to protect connections and
814	securely authenticate nodes.	798	securely authenticate nodes.
815		799
816	=item * The AEMP protocol is optimised for both text-based and binary	800	=item * The AEMP protocol is optimised for both text-based and binary
817	communications.	801	communications.
818		802
819	The AEMP protocol, unlike the Erlang protocol, supports both	803	The AEMP protocol, unlike the Erlang protocol, supports both programming
820	language-independent text-only protocols (good for debugging) and binary,	804	language independent text-only protocols (good for debugging) and binary,
821	language-specific serialisers (e.g. Storable).	805	language-specific serialisers (e.g. Storable). By default, unless TLS is
		806	used, the protocol is actually completely text-based.
822		807
823	It has also been carefully designed to be implementable in other languages	808	It has also been carefully designed to be implementable in other languages
824	with a minimum of work while gracefully degrading fucntionality to make the	809	with a minimum of work while gracefully degrading functionality to make the
825	protocol simple.	810	protocol simple.
826		811
827	=item * AEMP has more flexible monitoring options than Erlang.	812	=item * AEMP has more flexible monitoring options than Erlang.
828		813
829	In Erlang, you can chose to receive I<all> exit signals as messages	814	In Erlang, you can chose to receive I<all> exit signals as messages
…		…
832	Erlang, as one can choose between automatic kill, exit message or callback	817	Erlang, as one can choose between automatic kill, exit message or callback
833	on a per-process basis.	818	on a per-process basis.
834		819
835	=item * Erlang tries to hide remote/local connections, AEMP does not.	820	=item * Erlang tries to hide remote/local connections, AEMP does not.
836		821
837	Monitoring in Erlang is not an indicator of process death/crashes,	822	Monitoring in Erlang is not an indicator of process death/crashes, in the
838	as linking is (except linking is unreliable in Erlang).	823	same way as linking is (except linking is unreliable in Erlang).
839		824
840	In AEMP, you don't "look up" registered port names or send to named ports	825	In AEMP, you don't "look up" registered port names or send to named ports
841	that might or might not be persistent. Instead, you normally spawn a port	826	that might or might not be persistent. Instead, you normally spawn a port
842	on the remote node. The init function monitors the you, and you monitor	827	on the remote node. The init function monitors you, and you monitor the
843	the remote port. Since both monitors are local to the node, they are much	828	remote port. Since both monitors are local to the node, they are much more
844	more reliable.	829	reliable (no need for C<spawn_link>).
845		830
846	This also saves round-trips and avoids sending messages to the wrong port	831	This also saves round-trips and avoids sending messages to the wrong port
847	(hard to do in Erlang).	832	(hard to do in Erlang).
848		833
849	=back	834	=back
850		835
		836	=head1 RATIONALE
		837
		838	=over 4
		839
		840	=item Why strings for port and node IDs, why not objects?
		841
		842	We considered "objects", but found that the actual number of methods
		843	that can be called are quite low. Since port and node IDs travel over
		844	the network frequently, the serialising/deserialising would add lots of
		845	overhead, as well as having to keep a proxy object everywhere.
		846
		847	Strings can easily be printed, easily serialised etc. and need no special
		848	procedures to be "valid".
		849
		850	And as a result, a miniport consists of a single closure stored in a
		851	global hash - it can't become much cheaper.
		852
		853	=item Why favour JSON, why not a real serialising format such as Storable?
		854
		855	In fact, any AnyEvent::MP node will happily accept Storable as framing
		856	format, but currently there is no way to make a node use Storable by
		857	default (although all nodes will accept it).
		858
		859	The default framing protocol is JSON because a) JSON::XS is many times
		860	faster for small messages and b) most importantly, after years of
		861	experience we found that object serialisation is causing more problems
		862	than it solves: Just like function calls, objects simply do not travel
		863	easily over the network, mostly because they will always be a copy, so you
		864	always have to re-think your design.
		865
		866	Keeping your messages simple, concentrating on data structures rather than
		867	objects, will keep your messages clean, tidy and efficient.
		868
		869	=back
		870
851	=head1 SEE ALSO	871	=head1 SEE ALSO
		872
		873	L<AnyEvent::MP::Intro> - a gentle introduction.
		874
		875	L<AnyEvent::MP::Kernel> - more, lower-level, stuff.
		876
		877	L<AnyEvent::MP::Global> - network maintainance and port groups, to find
		878	your applications.
		879
		880	L<AnyEvent::MP::LogCatcher> - simple service to display log messages from
		881	all nodes.
852		882
853	L<AnyEvent>.	883	L<AnyEvent>.
854		884
855	=head1 AUTHOR	885	=head1 AUTHOR
856		886

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Revision 1.43 by root, Sun Aug 9 16:08:16 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.83 by root, Tue Sep 8 01:38:16 2009 UTC