… | |
… | |
23 | |
23 | |
24 | # more, smarter, matches (_any_ is exported by this module) |
24 | # more, smarter, matches (_any_ is exported by this module) |
25 | rcv $port, [child_died => $pid] => sub { ... |
25 | rcv $port, [child_died => $pid] => sub { ... |
26 | rcv $port, [_any_, _any_, 3] => sub { .. $_[2] is 3 |
26 | rcv $port, [_any_, _any_, 3] => sub { .. $_[2] is 3 |
27 | |
27 | |
|
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28 | # monitoring |
|
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29 | mon $port, $cb->(@msg) # callback is invoked on death |
|
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30 | mon $port, $otherport # kill otherport on abnormal death |
|
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31 | mon $port, $otherport, @msg # send message on death |
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32 | |
28 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
33 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
29 | |
34 | |
30 | This module (-family) implements a simple message passing framework. |
35 | This module (-family) implements a simple message passing framework. |
31 | |
36 | |
32 | Despite its simplicity, you can securely message other processes running |
37 | Despite its simplicity, you can securely message other processes running |
… | |
… | |
53 | |
58 | |
54 | =item port id - C<noderef#portname> |
59 | =item port id - C<noderef#portname> |
55 | |
60 | |
56 | A port id is normaly the concatenation of a noderef, a hash-mark (C<#>) as |
61 | A port id is normaly the concatenation of a noderef, a hash-mark (C<#>) as |
57 | separator, and a port name (a printable string of unspecified format). An |
62 | separator, and a port name (a printable string of unspecified format). An |
58 | exception is the the node port, whose ID is identical to it's node |
63 | exception is the the node port, whose ID is identical to its node |
59 | reference. |
64 | reference. |
60 | |
65 | |
61 | =item node |
66 | =item node |
62 | |
67 | |
63 | A node is a single process containing at least one port - the node |
68 | A node is a single process containing at least one port - the node |
… | |
… | |
103 | use base "Exporter"; |
108 | use base "Exporter"; |
104 | |
109 | |
105 | our $VERSION = '0.1'; |
110 | our $VERSION = '0.1'; |
106 | our @EXPORT = qw( |
111 | our @EXPORT = qw( |
107 | NODE $NODE *SELF node_of _any_ |
112 | NODE $NODE *SELF node_of _any_ |
108 | resolve_node |
113 | resolve_node initialise_node |
109 | become_slave become_public |
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110 | snd rcv mon kil reg psub |
114 | snd rcv mon kil reg psub |
111 | port |
115 | port |
112 | ); |
116 | ); |
113 | |
117 | |
114 | our $SELF; |
118 | our $SELF; |
… | |
… | |
124 | The C<NODE> function returns, and the C<$NODE> variable contains |
128 | The C<NODE> function returns, and the C<$NODE> variable contains |
125 | the noderef of the local node. The value is initialised by a call |
129 | the noderef of the local node. The value is initialised by a call |
126 | to C<become_public> or C<become_slave>, after which all local port |
130 | to C<become_public> or C<become_slave>, after which all local port |
127 | identifiers become invalid. |
131 | identifiers become invalid. |
128 | |
132 | |
129 | =item $noderef = node_of $portid |
133 | =item $noderef = node_of $port |
130 | |
134 | |
131 | Extracts and returns the noderef from a portid or a noderef. |
135 | Extracts and returns the noderef from a portid or a noderef. |
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136 | |
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137 | =item initialise_node $noderef, $seednode, $seednode... |
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138 | |
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139 | =item initialise_node "slave/", $master, $master... |
|
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140 | |
|
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141 | Before a node can talk to other nodes on the network it has to initialise |
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142 | itself - the minimum a node needs to know is it's own name, and optionally |
|
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143 | it should know the noderefs of some other nodes in the network. |
|
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144 | |
|
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145 | This function initialises a node - it must be called exactly once (or |
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146 | never) before calling other AnyEvent::MP functions. |
|
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147 | |
|
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148 | All arguments are noderefs, which can be either resolved or unresolved. |
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149 | |
|
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150 | There are two types of networked nodes, public nodes and slave nodes: |
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151 | |
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152 | =over 4 |
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153 | |
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154 | =item public nodes |
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155 | |
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156 | For public nodes, C<$noderef> must either be a (possibly unresolved) |
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157 | noderef, in which case it will be resolved, or C<undef> (or missing), in |
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158 | which case the noderef will be guessed. |
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159 | |
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160 | Afterwards, the node will bind itself on all endpoints and try to connect |
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161 | to all additional C<$seednodes> that are specified. Seednodes are optional |
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162 | and can be used to quickly bootstrap the node into an existing network. |
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163 | |
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164 | =item slave nodes |
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165 | |
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166 | When the C<$noderef> is the special string C<slave/>, then the node will |
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167 | become a slave node. Slave nodes cannot be contacted from outside and will |
|
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168 | route most of their traffic to the master node that they attach to. |
|
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169 | |
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170 | At least one additional noderef is required: The node will try to connect |
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171 | to all of them and will become a slave attached to the first node it can |
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172 | successfully connect to. |
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173 | |
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174 | =back |
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175 | |
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176 | This function will block until all nodes have been resolved and, for slave |
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177 | nodes, until it has successfully established a connection to a master |
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178 | server. |
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179 | |
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180 | Example: become a public node listening on the default node. |
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181 | |
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182 | initialise_node; |
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183 | |
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184 | Example: become a public node, and try to contact some well-known master |
|
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185 | servers to become part of the network. |
|
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186 | |
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187 | initialise_node undef, "master1", "master2"; |
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188 | |
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189 | Example: become a public node listening on port C<4041>. |
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190 | |
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191 | initialise_node 4041; |
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192 | |
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193 | Example: become a public node, only visible on localhost port 4044. |
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194 | |
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195 | initialise_node "locahost:4044"; |
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196 | |
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197 | Example: become a slave node to any of the specified master servers. |
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198 | |
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199 | initialise_node "slave/", "master1", "192.168.13.17", "mp.example.net"; |
132 | |
200 | |
133 | =item $cv = resolve_node $noderef |
201 | =item $cv = resolve_node $noderef |
134 | |
202 | |
135 | Takes an unresolved node reference that may contain hostnames and |
203 | Takes an unresolved node reference that may contain hostnames and |
136 | abbreviated IDs, resolves all of them and returns a resolved node |
204 | abbreviated IDs, resolves all of them and returns a resolved node |
… | |
… | |
168 | |
236 | |
169 | Due to some quirks in how perl exports variables, it is impossible to |
237 | Due to some quirks in how perl exports variables, it is impossible to |
170 | just export C<$SELF>, all the symbols called C<SELF> are exported by this |
238 | just export C<$SELF>, all the symbols called C<SELF> are exported by this |
171 | module, but only C<$SELF> is currently used. |
239 | module, but only C<$SELF> is currently used. |
172 | |
240 | |
173 | =item snd $portid, type => @data |
241 | =item snd $port, type => @data |
174 | |
242 | |
175 | =item snd $portid, @msg |
243 | =item snd $port, @msg |
176 | |
244 | |
177 | Send the given message to the given port ID, which can identify either |
245 | Send the given message to the given port ID, which can identify either |
178 | a local or a remote port, and can be either a string or soemthignt hat |
246 | a local or a remote port, and can be either a string or soemthignt hat |
179 | stringifies a sa port ID (such as a port object :). |
247 | stringifies a sa port ID (such as a port object :). |
180 | |
248 | |
… | |
… | |
190 | JSON is used, then only strings, numbers and arrays and hashes consisting |
258 | JSON is used, then only strings, numbers and arrays and hashes consisting |
191 | of those are allowed (no objects). When Storable is used, then anything |
259 | of those are allowed (no objects). When Storable is used, then anything |
192 | that Storable can serialise and deserialise is allowed, and for the local |
260 | that Storable can serialise and deserialise is allowed, and for the local |
193 | node, anything can be passed. |
261 | node, anything can be passed. |
194 | |
262 | |
195 | =item kil $portid[, @reason] |
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196 | |
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197 | Kill the specified port with the given C<@reason>. |
|
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198 | |
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199 | If no C<@reason> is specified, then the port is killed "normally" (linked |
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200 | ports will not be kileld, or even notified). |
|
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201 | |
|
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202 | Otherwise, linked ports get killed with the same reason (second form of |
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203 | C<mon>, see below). |
|
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204 | |
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205 | Runtime errors while evaluating C<rcv> callbacks or inside C<psub> blocks |
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206 | will be reported as reason C<< die => $@ >>. |
|
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207 | |
|
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208 | Transport/communication errors are reported as C<< transport_error => |
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209 | $message >>. |
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210 | |
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211 | =item $guard = mon $portid, $cb->(@reason) |
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212 | |
|
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213 | =item $guard = mon $portid, $otherport |
|
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214 | |
|
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215 | =item $guard = mon $portid, $otherport, @msg |
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216 | |
|
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217 | Monitor the given port and do something when the port is killed. |
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218 | |
|
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219 | In the first form, the callback is simply called with any number |
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220 | of C<@reason> elements (no @reason means that the port was deleted |
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221 | "normally"). Note also that I<< the callback B<must> never die >>, so use |
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222 | C<eval> if unsure. |
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223 | |
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224 | In the second form, the other port will be C<kil>'ed with C<@reason>, iff |
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225 | a @reason was specified, i.e. on "normal" kils nothing happens, while |
|
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226 | under all other conditions, the other port is killed with the same reason. |
|
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227 | |
|
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228 | In the last form, a message of the form C<@msg, @reason> will be C<snd>. |
|
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229 | |
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230 | Example: call a given callback when C<$port> is killed. |
|
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231 | |
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232 | mon $port, sub { warn "port died because of <@_>\n" }; |
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233 | |
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234 | Example: kill ourselves when C<$port> is killed abnormally. |
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235 | |
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236 | mon $port, $self; |
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237 | |
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238 | Example: send us a restart message another C<$port> is killed. |
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239 | |
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240 | mon $port, $self => "restart"; |
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241 | |
|
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242 | =cut |
|
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243 | |
|
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244 | sub mon { |
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245 | my ($noderef, $port, $cb) = ((split /#/, shift, 2), shift); |
|
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246 | |
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247 | my $node = $NODE{$noderef} || add_node $noderef; |
|
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248 | |
|
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249 | #TODO: ports must not be references |
|
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250 | if (!ref $cb or "AnyEvent::MP::Port" eq ref $cb) { |
|
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251 | if (@_) { |
|
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252 | # send a kill info message |
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253 | my (@msg) = ($cb, @_); |
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254 | $cb = sub { snd @msg, @_ }; |
|
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255 | } else { |
|
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256 | # simply kill other port |
|
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257 | my $port = $cb; |
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258 | $cb = sub { kil $port, @_ if @_ }; |
|
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259 | } |
|
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260 | } |
|
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261 | |
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262 | $node->monitor ($port, $cb); |
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263 | |
|
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264 | defined wantarray |
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265 | and AnyEvent::Util::guard { $node->unmonitor ($port, $cb) } |
|
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266 | } |
|
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267 | |
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268 | =item $guard = mon_guard $port, $ref, $ref... |
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269 | |
|
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270 | Monitors the given C<$port> and keeps the passed references. When the port |
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271 | is killed, the references will be freed. |
|
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272 | |
|
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273 | Optionally returns a guard that will stop the monitoring. |
|
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274 | |
|
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275 | This function is useful when you create e.g. timers or other watchers and |
|
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276 | want to free them when the port gets killed: |
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277 | |
|
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278 | $port->rcv (start => sub { |
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279 | my $timer; $timer = mon_guard $port, AE::timer 1, 1, sub { |
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280 | undef $timer if 0.9 < rand; |
|
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281 | }); |
|
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282 | }); |
|
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283 | |
|
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284 | =cut |
|
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285 | |
|
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286 | sub mon_guard { |
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287 | my ($port, @refs) = @_; |
|
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288 | |
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289 | mon $port, sub { 0 && @refs } |
|
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290 | } |
|
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291 | |
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292 | =item lnk $port1, $port2 |
|
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293 | |
|
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294 | Link two ports. This is simply a shorthand for: |
|
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295 | |
|
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296 | mon $port1, $port2; |
|
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297 | mon $port2, $port1; |
|
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298 | |
|
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299 | It means that if either one is killed abnormally, the other one gets |
|
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300 | killed as well. |
|
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301 | |
|
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302 | =item $local_port = port |
263 | =item $local_port = port |
303 | |
264 | |
304 | Create a new local port object that supports message matching. |
265 | Create a new local port object that can be used either as a pattern |
|
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266 | matching port ("full port") or a single-callback port ("miniport"), |
|
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267 | depending on how C<rcv> callbacks are bound to the object. |
305 | |
268 | |
306 | =item $portid = port { my @msg = @_; $finished } |
269 | =item $port = port { my @msg = @_; $finished } |
307 | |
270 | |
308 | Creates a "mini port", that is, a very lightweight port without any |
271 | Creates a "miniport", that is, a very lightweight port without any pattern |
309 | pattern matching behind it, and returns its ID. |
272 | matching behind it, and returns its ID. Semantically the same as creating |
|
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273 | a port and calling C<rcv $port, $callback> on it. |
310 | |
274 | |
311 | The block will be called for every message received on the port. When the |
275 | The block will be called for every message received on the port. When the |
312 | callback returns a true value its job is considered "done" and the port |
276 | callback returns a true value its job is considered "done" and the port |
313 | will be destroyed. Otherwise it will stay alive. |
277 | will be destroyed. Otherwise it will stay alive. |
314 | |
278 | |
315 | The message will be passed as-is, no extra argument (i.e. no port id) will |
279 | The message will be passed as-is, no extra argument (i.e. no port id) will |
316 | be passed to the callback. |
280 | be passed to the callback. |
317 | |
281 | |
318 | If you need the local port id in the callback, this works nicely: |
282 | If you need the local port id in the callback, this works nicely: |
319 | |
283 | |
320 | my $port; $port = miniport { |
284 | my $port; $port = port { |
321 | snd $otherport, reply => $port; |
285 | snd $otherport, reply => $port; |
322 | }; |
286 | }; |
323 | |
287 | |
324 | =cut |
288 | =cut |
|
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289 | |
|
|
290 | sub rcv($@); |
325 | |
291 | |
326 | sub port(;&) { |
292 | sub port(;&) { |
327 | my $id = "$UNIQ." . $ID++; |
293 | my $id = "$UNIQ." . $ID++; |
328 | my $port = "$NODE#$id"; |
294 | my $port = "$NODE#$id"; |
329 | |
295 | |
330 | if (@_) { |
296 | if (@_) { |
|
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297 | rcv $port, shift; |
|
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298 | } else { |
|
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299 | $PORT{$id} = sub { }; # nop |
|
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300 | } |
|
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301 | |
|
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302 | $port |
|
|
303 | } |
|
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304 | |
|
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305 | =item reg $port, $name |
|
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306 | |
|
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307 | =item reg $name |
|
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308 | |
|
|
309 | Registers the given port (or C<$SELF><<< if missing) under the name |
|
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310 | C<$name>. If the name already exists it is replaced. |
|
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311 | |
|
|
312 | A port can only be registered under one well known name. |
|
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313 | |
|
|
314 | A port automatically becomes unregistered when it is killed. |
|
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315 | |
|
|
316 | =cut |
|
|
317 | |
|
|
318 | sub reg(@) { |
|
|
319 | my $port = @_ > 1 ? shift : $SELF || Carp::croak 'reg: called with one argument only, but $SELF not set,'; |
|
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320 | |
|
|
321 | $REG{$_[0]} = $port; |
|
|
322 | } |
|
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323 | |
|
|
324 | =item rcv $port, $callback->(@msg) |
|
|
325 | |
|
|
326 | Replaces the callback on the specified miniport (after converting it to |
|
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327 | one if required). |
|
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328 | |
|
|
329 | =item rcv $port, tagstring => $callback->(@msg), ... |
|
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330 | |
|
|
331 | =item rcv $port, $smartmatch => $callback->(@msg), ... |
|
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332 | |
|
|
333 | =item rcv $port, [$smartmatch...] => $callback->(@msg), ... |
|
|
334 | |
|
|
335 | Register callbacks to be called on matching messages on the given full |
|
|
336 | port (after converting it to one if required) and return the port. |
|
|
337 | |
|
|
338 | The callback has to return a true value when its work is done, after |
|
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339 | which is will be removed, or a false value in which case it will stay |
|
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340 | registered. |
|
|
341 | |
|
|
342 | The global C<$SELF> (exported by this module) contains C<$port> while |
|
|
343 | executing the callback. |
|
|
344 | |
|
|
345 | Runtime errors wdurign callback execution will result in the port being |
|
|
346 | C<kil>ed. |
|
|
347 | |
|
|
348 | If the match is an array reference, then it will be matched against the |
|
|
349 | first elements of the message, otherwise only the first element is being |
|
|
350 | matched. |
|
|
351 | |
|
|
352 | Any element in the match that is specified as C<_any_> (a function |
|
|
353 | exported by this module) matches any single element of the message. |
|
|
354 | |
|
|
355 | While not required, it is highly recommended that the first matching |
|
|
356 | element is a string identifying the message. The one-string-only match is |
|
|
357 | also the most efficient match (by far). |
|
|
358 | |
|
|
359 | Example: create a port and bind receivers on it in one go. |
|
|
360 | |
|
|
361 | my $port = rcv port, |
|
|
362 | msg1 => sub { ...; 0 }, |
|
|
363 | msg2 => sub { ...; 0 }, |
|
|
364 | ; |
|
|
365 | |
|
|
366 | Example: create a port, bind receivers and send it in a message elsewhere |
|
|
367 | in one go: |
|
|
368 | |
|
|
369 | snd $otherport, reply => |
|
|
370 | rcv port, |
|
|
371 | msg1 => sub { ...; 0 }, |
|
|
372 | ... |
|
|
373 | ; |
|
|
374 | |
|
|
375 | =cut |
|
|
376 | |
|
|
377 | sub rcv($@) { |
|
|
378 | my $port = shift; |
|
|
379 | my ($noderef, $portid) = split /#/, $port, 2; |
|
|
380 | |
|
|
381 | ($NODE{$noderef} || add_node $noderef) == $NODE{""} |
|
|
382 | or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on local ports, caught"; |
|
|
383 | |
|
|
384 | if (@_ == 1) { |
331 | my $cb = shift; |
385 | my $cb = shift; |
|
|
386 | delete $PORT_DATA{$portid}; |
332 | $PORT{$id} = sub { |
387 | $PORT{$portid} = sub { |
333 | local $SELF = $port; |
388 | local $SELF = $port; |
334 | eval { |
389 | eval { |
335 | &$cb |
390 | &$cb |
336 | and kil $id; |
391 | and kil $port; |
337 | }; |
392 | }; |
338 | _self_die if $@; |
393 | _self_die if $@; |
339 | }; |
394 | }; |
340 | } else { |
395 | } else { |
|
|
396 | my $self = $PORT_DATA{$portid} ||= do { |
341 | my $self = bless { |
397 | my $self = bless { |
342 | id => "$NODE#$id", |
398 | id => $port, |
343 | }, "AnyEvent::MP::Port"; |
399 | }, "AnyEvent::MP::Port"; |
344 | |
400 | |
345 | $PORT_DATA{$id} = $self; |
|
|
346 | $PORT{$id} = sub { |
401 | $PORT{$portid} = sub { |
347 | local $SELF = $port; |
402 | local $SELF = $port; |
348 | |
403 | |
349 | eval { |
404 | eval { |
350 | for (@{ $self->{rc0}{$_[0]} }) { |
405 | for (@{ $self->{rc0}{$_[0]} }) { |
351 | $_ && &{$_->[0]} |
406 | $_ && &{$_->[0]} |
352 | && undef $_; |
407 | && undef $_; |
353 | } |
408 | } |
354 | |
409 | |
355 | for (@{ $self->{rcv}{$_[0]} }) { |
410 | for (@{ $self->{rcv}{$_[0]} }) { |
356 | $_ && [@_[1 .. @{$_->[1]}]] ~~ $_->[1] |
411 | $_ && [@_[1 .. @{$_->[1]}]] ~~ $_->[1] |
357 | && &{$_->[0]} |
412 | && &{$_->[0]} |
358 | && undef $_; |
413 | && undef $_; |
359 | } |
414 | } |
360 | |
415 | |
361 | for (@{ $self->{any} }) { |
416 | for (@{ $self->{any} }) { |
362 | $_ && [@_[0 .. $#{$_->[1]}]] ~~ $_->[1] |
417 | $_ && [@_[0 .. $#{$_->[1]}]] ~~ $_->[1] |
363 | && &{$_->[0]} |
418 | && &{$_->[0]} |
364 | && undef $_; |
419 | && undef $_; |
|
|
420 | } |
365 | } |
421 | }; |
|
|
422 | _self_die if $@; |
366 | }; |
423 | }; |
367 | _self_die if $@; |
424 | |
|
|
425 | $self |
368 | }; |
426 | }; |
369 | } |
|
|
370 | |
427 | |
371 | $port |
|
|
372 | } |
|
|
373 | |
|
|
374 | =item reg $portid, $name |
|
|
375 | |
|
|
376 | Registers the given port under the name C<$name>. If the name already |
|
|
377 | exists it is replaced. |
|
|
378 | |
|
|
379 | A port can only be registered under one well known name. |
|
|
380 | |
|
|
381 | A port automatically becomes unregistered when it is killed. |
|
|
382 | |
|
|
383 | =cut |
|
|
384 | |
|
|
385 | sub reg(@) { |
|
|
386 | my ($portid, $name) = @_; |
|
|
387 | |
|
|
388 | $REG{$name} = $portid; |
|
|
389 | } |
|
|
390 | |
|
|
391 | =item rcv $portid, tagstring => $callback->(@msg), ... |
|
|
392 | |
|
|
393 | =item rcv $portid, $smartmatch => $callback->(@msg), ... |
|
|
394 | |
|
|
395 | =item rcv $portid, [$smartmatch...] => $callback->(@msg), ... |
|
|
396 | |
|
|
397 | Register callbacks to be called on matching messages on the given port. |
|
|
398 | |
|
|
399 | The callback has to return a true value when its work is done, after |
|
|
400 | which is will be removed, or a false value in which case it will stay |
|
|
401 | registered. |
|
|
402 | |
|
|
403 | The global C<$SELF> (exported by this module) contains C<$portid> while |
|
|
404 | executing the callback. |
|
|
405 | |
|
|
406 | Runtime errors wdurign callback execution will result in the port being |
|
|
407 | C<kil>ed. |
|
|
408 | |
|
|
409 | If the match is an array reference, then it will be matched against the |
|
|
410 | first elements of the message, otherwise only the first element is being |
|
|
411 | matched. |
|
|
412 | |
|
|
413 | Any element in the match that is specified as C<_any_> (a function |
|
|
414 | exported by this module) matches any single element of the message. |
|
|
415 | |
|
|
416 | While not required, it is highly recommended that the first matching |
|
|
417 | element is a string identifying the message. The one-string-only match is |
|
|
418 | also the most efficient match (by far). |
|
|
419 | |
|
|
420 | =cut |
|
|
421 | |
|
|
422 | sub rcv($@) { |
|
|
423 | my ($noderef, $port) = split /#/, shift, 2; |
|
|
424 | |
|
|
425 | ($NODE{$noderef} || add_node $noderef) == $NODE{""} |
|
|
426 | or Carp::croak "$noderef#$port: rcv can only be called on local ports, caught"; |
|
|
427 | |
|
|
428 | my $self = $PORT_DATA{$port} |
|
|
429 | or Carp::croak "$noderef#$port: rcv can only be called on message matching ports, caught"; |
|
|
430 | |
|
|
431 | "AnyEvent::MP::Port" eq ref $self |
428 | "AnyEvent::MP::Port" eq ref $self |
432 | or Carp::croak "$noderef#$port: rcv can only be called on message matching ports, caught"; |
429 | or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on message matching ports, caught"; |
433 | |
430 | |
434 | while (@_) { |
431 | while (@_) { |
435 | my ($match, $cb) = splice @_, 0, 2; |
432 | my ($match, $cb) = splice @_, 0, 2; |
436 | |
433 | |
437 | if (!ref $match) { |
434 | if (!ref $match) { |
438 | push @{ $self->{rc0}{$match} }, [$cb]; |
435 | push @{ $self->{rc0}{$match} }, [$cb]; |
439 | } elsif (("ARRAY" eq ref $match && !ref $match->[0])) { |
436 | } elsif (("ARRAY" eq ref $match && !ref $match->[0])) { |
440 | my ($type, @match) = @$match; |
437 | my ($type, @match) = @$match; |
441 | @match |
438 | @match |
442 | ? push @{ $self->{rcv}{$match->[0]} }, [$cb, \@match] |
439 | ? push @{ $self->{rcv}{$match->[0]} }, [$cb, \@match] |
443 | : push @{ $self->{rc0}{$match->[0]} }, [$cb]; |
440 | : push @{ $self->{rc0}{$match->[0]} }, [$cb]; |
444 | } else { |
441 | } else { |
445 | push @{ $self->{any} }, [$cb, $match]; |
442 | push @{ $self->{any} }, [$cb, $match]; |
|
|
443 | } |
446 | } |
444 | } |
447 | } |
445 | } |
|
|
446 | |
|
|
447 | $port |
448 | } |
448 | } |
449 | |
449 | |
450 | =item $closure = psub { BLOCK } |
450 | =item $closure = psub { BLOCK } |
451 | |
451 | |
452 | Remembers C<$SELF> and creates a closure out of the BLOCK. When the |
452 | Remembers C<$SELF> and creates a closure out of the BLOCK. When the |
… | |
… | |
483 | $res |
483 | $res |
484 | } |
484 | } |
485 | } |
485 | } |
486 | } |
486 | } |
487 | |
487 | |
488 | =back |
488 | =item $guard = mon $port, $cb->(@reason) |
489 | |
489 | |
490 | =head1 FUNCTIONS FOR NODES |
490 | =item $guard = mon $port, $rcvport |
491 | |
491 | |
492 | =over 4 |
492 | =item $guard = mon $port |
493 | |
493 | |
494 | =item become_public $noderef |
494 | =item $guard = mon $port, $rcvport, @msg |
495 | |
495 | |
496 | Tells the node to become a public node, i.e. reachable from other nodes. |
496 | Monitor the given port and do something when the port is killed, and |
|
|
497 | optionally return a guard that can be used to stop monitoring again. |
497 | |
498 | |
498 | The first argument is the (unresolved) node reference of the local node |
499 | In the first form (callback), the callback is simply called with any |
499 | (if missing then the empty string is used). |
500 | number of C<@reason> elements (no @reason means that the port was deleted |
|
|
501 | "normally"). Note also that I<< the callback B<must> never die >>, so use |
|
|
502 | C<eval> if unsure. |
500 | |
503 | |
501 | It is quite common to not specify anything, in which case the local node |
504 | In the second form (another port given), the other port (C<$rcvport) |
502 | tries to listen on the default port, or to only specify a port number, in |
505 | will be C<kil>'ed with C<@reason>, iff a @reason was specified, i.e. on |
503 | which case AnyEvent::MP tries to guess the local addresses. |
506 | "normal" kils nothing happens, while under all other conditions, the other |
|
|
507 | port is killed with the same reason. |
504 | |
508 | |
|
|
509 | The third form (kill self) is the same as the second form, except that |
|
|
510 | C<$rvport> defaults to C<$SELF>. |
|
|
511 | |
|
|
512 | In the last form (message), a message of the form C<@msg, @reason> will be |
|
|
513 | C<snd>. |
|
|
514 | |
|
|
515 | As a rule of thumb, monitoring requests should always monitor a port from |
|
|
516 | a local port (or callback). The reason is that kill messages might get |
|
|
517 | lost, just like any other message. Another less obvious reason is that |
|
|
518 | even monitoring requests can get lost (for exmaple, when the connection |
|
|
519 | to the other node goes down permanently). When monitoring a port locally |
|
|
520 | these problems do not exist. |
|
|
521 | |
|
|
522 | Example: call a given callback when C<$port> is killed. |
|
|
523 | |
|
|
524 | mon $port, sub { warn "port died because of <@_>\n" }; |
|
|
525 | |
|
|
526 | Example: kill ourselves when C<$port> is killed abnormally. |
|
|
527 | |
|
|
528 | mon $port; |
|
|
529 | |
|
|
530 | Example: send us a restart message when another C<$port> is killed. |
|
|
531 | |
|
|
532 | mon $port, $self => "restart"; |
|
|
533 | |
505 | =cut |
534 | =cut |
|
|
535 | |
|
|
536 | sub mon { |
|
|
537 | my ($noderef, $port) = split /#/, shift, 2; |
|
|
538 | |
|
|
539 | my $node = $NODE{$noderef} || add_node $noderef; |
|
|
540 | |
|
|
541 | my $cb = @_ ? $_[0] : $SELF || Carp::croak 'mon: called with one argument only, but $SELF not set,'; |
|
|
542 | |
|
|
543 | unless (ref $cb) { |
|
|
544 | if (@_) { |
|
|
545 | # send a kill info message |
|
|
546 | my (@msg) = @_; |
|
|
547 | $cb = sub { snd @msg, @_ }; |
|
|
548 | } else { |
|
|
549 | # simply kill other port |
|
|
550 | my $port = $cb; |
|
|
551 | $cb = sub { kil $port, @_ if @_ }; |
|
|
552 | } |
|
|
553 | } |
|
|
554 | |
|
|
555 | $node->monitor ($port, $cb); |
|
|
556 | |
|
|
557 | defined wantarray |
|
|
558 | and AnyEvent::Util::guard { $node->unmonitor ($port, $cb) } |
|
|
559 | } |
|
|
560 | |
|
|
561 | =item $guard = mon_guard $port, $ref, $ref... |
|
|
562 | |
|
|
563 | Monitors the given C<$port> and keeps the passed references. When the port |
|
|
564 | is killed, the references will be freed. |
|
|
565 | |
|
|
566 | Optionally returns a guard that will stop the monitoring. |
|
|
567 | |
|
|
568 | This function is useful when you create e.g. timers or other watchers and |
|
|
569 | want to free them when the port gets killed: |
|
|
570 | |
|
|
571 | $port->rcv (start => sub { |
|
|
572 | my $timer; $timer = mon_guard $port, AE::timer 1, 1, sub { |
|
|
573 | undef $timer if 0.9 < rand; |
|
|
574 | }); |
|
|
575 | }); |
|
|
576 | |
|
|
577 | =cut |
|
|
578 | |
|
|
579 | sub mon_guard { |
|
|
580 | my ($port, @refs) = @_; |
|
|
581 | |
|
|
582 | #TODO: mon-less form? |
|
|
583 | |
|
|
584 | mon $port, sub { 0 && @refs } |
|
|
585 | } |
|
|
586 | |
|
|
587 | =item kil $port[, @reason] |
|
|
588 | |
|
|
589 | Kill the specified port with the given C<@reason>. |
|
|
590 | |
|
|
591 | If no C<@reason> is specified, then the port is killed "normally" (linked |
|
|
592 | ports will not be kileld, or even notified). |
|
|
593 | |
|
|
594 | Otherwise, linked ports get killed with the same reason (second form of |
|
|
595 | C<mon>, see below). |
|
|
596 | |
|
|
597 | Runtime errors while evaluating C<rcv> callbacks or inside C<psub> blocks |
|
|
598 | will be reported as reason C<< die => $@ >>. |
|
|
599 | |
|
|
600 | Transport/communication errors are reported as C<< transport_error => |
|
|
601 | $message >>. |
506 | |
602 | |
507 | =back |
603 | =back |
508 | |
604 | |
509 | =head1 NODE MESSAGES |
605 | =head1 NODE MESSAGES |
510 | |
606 | |
… | |
… | |
552 | |
648 | |
553 | =back |
649 | =back |
554 | |
650 | |
555 | =head1 AnyEvent::MP vs. Distributed Erlang |
651 | =head1 AnyEvent::MP vs. Distributed Erlang |
556 | |
652 | |
557 | AnyEvent::MP got lots of its ideas from distributed erlang (erlang node |
653 | AnyEvent::MP got lots of its ideas from distributed Erlang (Erlang node |
558 | == aemp node, erlang process == aemp port), so many of the documents and |
654 | == aemp node, Erlang process == aemp port), so many of the documents and |
559 | programming techniques employed by erlang apply to AnyEvent::MP. Here is a |
655 | programming techniques employed by Erlang apply to AnyEvent::MP. Here is a |
560 | sample: |
656 | sample: |
561 | |
657 | |
562 | http://www.erlang.se/doc/programming_rules.shtml |
658 | http://www.Erlang.se/doc/programming_rules.shtml |
563 | http://erlang.org/doc/getting_started/part_frame.html # chapters 3 and 4 |
659 | http://Erlang.org/doc/getting_started/part_frame.html # chapters 3 and 4 |
564 | http://erlang.org/download/erlang-book-part1.pdf # chapters 5 and 6 |
660 | http://Erlang.org/download/Erlang-book-part1.pdf # chapters 5 and 6 |
565 | http://erlang.org/download/armstrong_thesis_2003.pdf # chapters 4 and 5 |
661 | http://Erlang.org/download/armstrong_thesis_2003.pdf # chapters 4 and 5 |
566 | |
662 | |
567 | Despite the similarities, there are also some important differences: |
663 | Despite the similarities, there are also some important differences: |
568 | |
664 | |
569 | =over 4 |
665 | =over 4 |
570 | |
666 | |
… | |
… | |
581 | |
677 | |
582 | Erlang uses processes that selctively receive messages, and therefore |
678 | Erlang uses processes that selctively receive messages, and therefore |
583 | needs a queue. AEMP is event based, queuing messages would serve no useful |
679 | needs a queue. AEMP is event based, queuing messages would serve no useful |
584 | purpose. |
680 | purpose. |
585 | |
681 | |
586 | (But see L<Coro::MP> for a more erlang-like process model on top of AEMP). |
682 | (But see L<Coro::MP> for a more Erlang-like process model on top of AEMP). |
587 | |
683 | |
588 | =item * Erlang sends are synchronous, AEMP sends are asynchronous. |
684 | =item * Erlang sends are synchronous, AEMP sends are asynchronous. |
589 | |
685 | |
590 | Sending messages in erlang is synchronous and blocks the process. AEMP |
686 | Sending messages in Erlang is synchronous and blocks the process. AEMP |
591 | sends are immediate, connection establishment is handled in the |
687 | sends are immediate, connection establishment is handled in the |
592 | background. |
688 | background. |
593 | |
689 | |
594 | =item * Erlang can silently lose messages, AEMP cannot. |
690 | =item * Erlang can silently lose messages, AEMP cannot. |
595 | |
691 | |
… | |
… | |
598 | and c, and the other side only receives messages a and c). |
694 | and c, and the other side only receives messages a and c). |
599 | |
695 | |
600 | AEMP guarantees correct ordering, and the guarantee that there are no |
696 | AEMP guarantees correct ordering, and the guarantee that there are no |
601 | holes in the message sequence. |
697 | holes in the message sequence. |
602 | |
698 | |
603 | =item * In erlang, processes can be declared dead and later be found to be |
699 | =item * In Erlang, processes can be declared dead and later be found to be |
604 | alive. |
700 | alive. |
605 | |
701 | |
606 | In erlang it can happen that a monitored process is declared dead and |
702 | In Erlang it can happen that a monitored process is declared dead and |
607 | linked processes get killed, but later it turns out that the process is |
703 | linked processes get killed, but later it turns out that the process is |
608 | still alive - and can receive messages. |
704 | still alive - and can receive messages. |
609 | |
705 | |
610 | In AEMP, when port monitoring detects a port as dead, then that port will |
706 | In AEMP, when port monitoring detects a port as dead, then that port will |
611 | eventually be killed - it cannot happen that a node detects a port as dead |
707 | eventually be killed - it cannot happen that a node detects a port as dead |
612 | and then later sends messages to it, finding it is still alive. |
708 | and then later sends messages to it, finding it is still alive. |
613 | |
709 | |
614 | =item * Erlang can send messages to the wrong port, AEMP does not. |
710 | =item * Erlang can send messages to the wrong port, AEMP does not. |
615 | |
711 | |
616 | In erlang it is quite possible that a node that restarts reuses a process |
712 | In Erlang it is quite possible that a node that restarts reuses a process |
617 | ID known to other nodes for a completely different process, causing |
713 | ID known to other nodes for a completely different process, causing |
618 | messages destined for that process to end up in an unrelated process. |
714 | messages destined for that process to end up in an unrelated process. |
619 | |
715 | |
620 | AEMP never reuses port IDs, so old messages or old port IDs floating |
716 | AEMP never reuses port IDs, so old messages or old port IDs floating |
621 | around in the network will not be sent to an unrelated port. |
717 | around in the network will not be sent to an unrelated port. |
… | |
… | |
627 | securely authenticate nodes. |
723 | securely authenticate nodes. |
628 | |
724 | |
629 | =item * The AEMP protocol is optimised for both text-based and binary |
725 | =item * The AEMP protocol is optimised for both text-based and binary |
630 | communications. |
726 | communications. |
631 | |
727 | |
632 | The AEMP protocol, unlike the erlang protocol, supports both |
728 | The AEMP protocol, unlike the Erlang protocol, supports both |
633 | language-independent text-only protocols (good for debugging) and binary, |
729 | language-independent text-only protocols (good for debugging) and binary, |
634 | language-specific serialisers (e.g. Storable). |
730 | language-specific serialisers (e.g. Storable). |
635 | |
731 | |
636 | It has also been carefully designed to be implementable in other languages |
732 | It has also been carefully designed to be implementable in other languages |
637 | with a minimum of work while gracefully degrading fucntionality to make the |
733 | with a minimum of work while gracefully degrading fucntionality to make the |
638 | protocol simple. |
734 | protocol simple. |
639 | |
735 | |
|
|
736 | =item * AEMP has more flexible monitoring options than Erlang. |
|
|
737 | |
|
|
738 | In Erlang, you can chose to receive I<all> exit signals as messages |
|
|
739 | or I<none>, there is no in-between, so monitoring single processes is |
|
|
740 | difficult to implement. Monitoring in AEMP is more flexible than in |
|
|
741 | Erlang, as one can choose between automatic kill, exit message or callback |
|
|
742 | on a per-process basis. |
|
|
743 | |
|
|
744 | =item * Erlang tries to hide remote/local connections, AEMP does not. |
|
|
745 | |
|
|
746 | Monitoring in Erlang is not an indicator of process death/crashes, |
|
|
747 | as linking is (except linking is unreliable in Erlang). |
|
|
748 | |
|
|
749 | In AEMP, you don't "look up" registered port names or send to named ports |
|
|
750 | that might or might not be persistent. Instead, you normally spawn a port |
|
|
751 | on the remote node. The init function monitors the you, and you monitor |
|
|
752 | the remote port. Since both monitors are local to the node, they are much |
|
|
753 | more reliable. |
|
|
754 | |
|
|
755 | This also saves round-trips and avoids sending messages to the wrong port |
|
|
756 | (hard to do in Erlang). |
|
|
757 | |
640 | =back |
758 | =back |
641 | |
759 | |
642 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
760 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
643 | |
761 | |
644 | L<AnyEvent>. |
762 | L<AnyEvent>. |