1 | =head1 NAME |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | |
2 | |
3 | AnyEvent::MP - multi-processing/message-passing framework |
3 | AnyEvent::MP - erlang-style multi-processing/message-passing framework |
4 | |
4 | |
5 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
5 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
6 | |
6 | |
7 | use AnyEvent::MP; |
7 | use AnyEvent::MP; |
8 | |
8 | |
9 | $NODE # contains this node's noderef |
9 | $NODE # contains this node's node ID |
10 | NODE # returns this node's noderef |
10 | NODE # returns this node's node ID |
11 | NODE $port # returns the noderef of the port |
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12 | |
11 | |
13 | $SELF # receiving/own port id in rcv callbacks |
12 | $SELF # receiving/own port id in rcv callbacks |
14 | |
13 | |
15 | # initialise the node so it can send/receive messages |
14 | # initialise the node so it can send/receive messages |
16 | initialise_node; |
15 | configure; |
17 | |
16 | |
18 | # ports are message endpoints |
17 | # ports are message destinations |
19 | |
18 | |
20 | # sending messages |
19 | # sending messages |
21 | snd $port, type => data...; |
20 | snd $port, type => data...; |
22 | snd $port, @msg; |
21 | snd $port, @msg; |
23 | snd @msg_with_first_element_being_a_port; |
22 | snd @msg_with_first_element_being_a_port; |
24 | |
23 | |
25 | # creating/using ports, the simple way |
24 | # creating/using ports, the simple way |
26 | my $simple_port = port { my @msg = @_; 0 }; |
25 | my $simple_port = port { my @msg = @_ }; |
27 | |
26 | |
28 | # creating/using ports, tagged message matching |
27 | # creating/using ports, tagged message matching |
29 | my $port = port; |
28 | my $port = port; |
30 | rcv $port, ping => sub { snd $_[0], "pong"; 0 }; |
29 | rcv $port, ping => sub { snd $_[0], "pong" }; |
31 | rcv $port, pong => sub { warn "pong received\n"; 0 }; |
30 | rcv $port, pong => sub { warn "pong received\n" }; |
32 | |
31 | |
33 | # create a port on another node |
32 | # create a port on another node |
34 | my $port = spawn $node, $initfunc, @initdata; |
33 | my $port = spawn $node, $initfunc, @initdata; |
35 | |
34 | |
36 | # monitoring |
35 | # monitoring |
37 | mon $port, $cb->(@msg) # callback is invoked on death |
36 | mon $localport, $cb->(@msg) # callback is invoked on death |
38 | mon $port, $otherport # kill otherport on abnormal death |
37 | mon $localport, $otherport # kill otherport on abnormal death |
39 | mon $port, $otherport, @msg # send message on death |
38 | mon $localport, $otherport, @msg # send message on death |
40 | |
39 | |
41 | =head1 CURRENT STATUS |
40 | =head1 CURRENT STATUS |
42 | |
41 | |
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42 | bin/aemp - stable. |
43 | AnyEvent::MP - stable API, should work |
43 | AnyEvent::MP - stable API, should work. |
44 | AnyEvent::MP::Intro - outdated |
44 | AnyEvent::MP::Intro - explains most concepts. |
45 | AnyEvent::MP::Kernel - mostly stable |
45 | AnyEvent::MP::Kernel - mostly stable API. |
46 | AnyEvent::MP::Global - mostly stable |
46 | AnyEvent::MP::Global - stable API. |
47 | AnyEvent::MP::Node - mostly stable, but internal anyways |
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48 | AnyEvent::MP::Transport - mostly stable, but internal anyways |
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49 | |
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50 | stay tuned. |
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51 | |
47 | |
52 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
48 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
53 | |
49 | |
54 | This module (-family) implements a simple message passing framework. |
50 | This module (-family) implements a simple message passing framework. |
55 | |
51 | |
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57 | on the same or other hosts, and you can supervise entities remotely. |
53 | on the same or other hosts, and you can supervise entities remotely. |
58 | |
54 | |
59 | For an introduction to this module family, see the L<AnyEvent::MP::Intro> |
55 | For an introduction to this module family, see the L<AnyEvent::MP::Intro> |
60 | manual page and the examples under F<eg/>. |
56 | manual page and the examples under F<eg/>. |
61 | |
57 | |
62 | At the moment, this module family is a bit underdocumented. |
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63 | |
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64 | =head1 CONCEPTS |
58 | =head1 CONCEPTS |
65 | |
59 | |
66 | =over 4 |
60 | =over 4 |
67 | |
61 | |
68 | =item port |
62 | =item port |
69 | |
63 | |
70 | A port is something you can send messages to (with the C<snd> function). |
64 | Not to be confused with a TCP port, a "port" is something you can send |
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65 | messages to (with the C<snd> function). |
71 | |
66 | |
72 | Ports allow you to register C<rcv> handlers that can match all or just |
67 | Ports allow you to register C<rcv> handlers that can match all or just |
73 | some messages. Messages send to ports will not be queued, regardless of |
68 | some messages. Messages send to ports will not be queued, regardless of |
74 | anything was listening for them or not. |
69 | anything was listening for them or not. |
75 | |
70 | |
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86 | |
81 | |
87 | Nodes are either public (have one or more listening ports) or private |
82 | Nodes are either public (have one or more listening ports) or private |
88 | (no listening ports). Private nodes cannot talk to other private nodes |
83 | (no listening ports). Private nodes cannot talk to other private nodes |
89 | currently. |
84 | currently. |
90 | |
85 | |
91 | =item node ID - C<[a-za-Z0-9_\-.:]+> |
86 | =item node ID - C<[A-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_\-.:]*> |
92 | |
87 | |
93 | A node ID is a string that uniquely identifies the node within a |
88 | A node ID is a string that uniquely identifies the node within a |
94 | network. Depending on the configuration used, node IDs can look like a |
89 | network. Depending on the configuration used, node IDs can look like a |
95 | hostname, a hostname and a port, or a random string. AnyEvent::MP itself |
90 | hostname, a hostname and a port, or a random string. AnyEvent::MP itself |
96 | doesn't interpret node IDs in any way. |
91 | doesn't interpret node IDs in any way. |
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100 | Nodes can only talk to each other by creating some kind of connection to |
95 | Nodes can only talk to each other by creating some kind of connection to |
101 | each other. To do this, nodes should listen on one or more local transport |
96 | each other. To do this, nodes should listen on one or more local transport |
102 | endpoints - binds. Currently, only standard C<ip:port> specifications can |
97 | endpoints - binds. Currently, only standard C<ip:port> specifications can |
103 | be used, which specify TCP ports to listen on. |
98 | be used, which specify TCP ports to listen on. |
104 | |
99 | |
105 | =item seeds - C<host:port> |
100 | =item seed nodes |
106 | |
101 | |
107 | When a node starts, it knows nothing about the network. To teach the node |
102 | When a node starts, it knows nothing about the network. To teach the node |
108 | about the network it first has to contact some other node within the |
103 | about the network it first has to contact some other node within the |
109 | network. This node is called a seed. |
104 | network. This node is called a seed. |
110 | |
105 | |
111 | Seeds are transport endpoint(s) of as many nodes as one wants. Those nodes |
106 | Apart from the fact that other nodes know them as seed nodes and they have |
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107 | to have fixed listening addresses, seed nodes are perfectly normal nodes - |
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108 | any node can function as a seed node for others. |
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109 | |
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110 | In addition to discovering the network, seed nodes are also used to |
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111 | maintain the network and to connect nodes that otherwise would have |
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112 | trouble connecting. They form the backbone of an AnyEvent::MP network. |
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113 | |
112 | are expected to be long-running, and at least one of those should always |
114 | Seed nodes are expected to be long-running, and at least one seed node |
113 | be available. When nodes run out of connections (e.g. due to a network |
115 | should always be available. They should also be relatively responsive - a |
114 | error), they try to re-establish connections to some seednodes again to |
116 | seed node that blocks for long periods will slow down everybody else. |
115 | join the network. |
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116 | |
117 | |
117 | Apart from being sued for seeding, seednodes are not special in any way - |
118 | =item seeds - C<host:port> |
118 | every public node can be a seednode. |
119 | |
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120 | Seeds are transport endpoint(s) (usually a hostname/IP address and a |
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121 | TCP port) of nodes thta should be used as seed nodes. |
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122 | |
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123 | The nodes listening on those endpoints are expected to be long-running, |
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124 | and at least one of those should always be available. When nodes run out |
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125 | of connections (e.g. due to a network error), they try to re-establish |
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126 | connections to some seednodes again to join the network. |
119 | |
127 | |
120 | =back |
128 | =back |
121 | |
129 | |
122 | =head1 VARIABLES/FUNCTIONS |
130 | =head1 VARIABLES/FUNCTIONS |
123 | |
131 | |
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139 | |
147 | |
140 | our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::MP::Kernel::VERSION; |
148 | our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::MP::Kernel::VERSION; |
141 | |
149 | |
142 | our @EXPORT = qw( |
150 | our @EXPORT = qw( |
143 | NODE $NODE *SELF node_of after |
151 | NODE $NODE *SELF node_of after |
144 | initialise_node |
152 | configure |
145 | snd rcv mon mon_guard kil reg psub spawn |
153 | snd rcv mon mon_guard kil psub spawn cal |
146 | port |
154 | port |
147 | ); |
155 | ); |
148 | |
156 | |
149 | our $SELF; |
157 | our $SELF; |
150 | |
158 | |
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156 | |
164 | |
157 | =item $thisnode = NODE / $NODE |
165 | =item $thisnode = NODE / $NODE |
158 | |
166 | |
159 | The C<NODE> function returns, and the C<$NODE> variable contains, the node |
167 | The C<NODE> function returns, and the C<$NODE> variable contains, the node |
160 | ID of the node running in the current process. This value is initialised by |
168 | ID of the node running in the current process. This value is initialised by |
161 | a call to C<initialise_node>. |
169 | a call to C<configure>. |
162 | |
170 | |
163 | =item $nodeid = node_of $port |
171 | =item $nodeid = node_of $port |
164 | |
172 | |
165 | Extracts and returns the node ID from a port ID or a node ID. |
173 | Extracts and returns the node ID from a port ID or a node ID. |
166 | |
174 | |
167 | =item initialise_node $profile_name |
175 | =item configure $profile, key => value... |
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176 | |
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177 | =item configure key => value... |
168 | |
178 | |
169 | Before a node can talk to other nodes on the network (i.e. enter |
179 | Before a node can talk to other nodes on the network (i.e. enter |
170 | "distributed mode") it has to initialise itself - the minimum a node needs |
180 | "distributed mode") it has to configure itself - the minimum a node needs |
171 | to know is its own name, and optionally it should know the addresses of |
181 | to know is its own name, and optionally it should know the addresses of |
172 | some other nodes in the network to discover other nodes. |
182 | some other nodes in the network to discover other nodes. |
173 | |
183 | |
174 | This function initialises a node - it must be called exactly once (or |
184 | This function configures a node - it must be called exactly once (or |
175 | never) before calling other AnyEvent::MP functions. |
185 | never) before calling other AnyEvent::MP functions. |
176 | |
186 | |
177 | The first argument is a profile name. If it is C<undef> or missing, then |
187 | =over 4 |
178 | the current nodename will be used instead (i.e. F<uname -n>). |
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179 | |
188 | |
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189 | =item step 1, gathering configuration from profiles |
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190 | |
180 | The function then looks up the profile in the aemp configuration (see the |
191 | The function first looks up a profile in the aemp configuration (see the |
181 | L<aemp> commandline utility). |
192 | L<aemp> commandline utility). The profile name can be specified via the |
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193 | named C<profile> parameter or can simply be the first parameter). If it is |
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194 | missing, then the nodename (F<uname -n>) will be used as profile name. |
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195 | |
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196 | The profile data is then gathered as follows: |
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197 | |
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198 | First, all remaining key => value pairs (all of which are conveniently |
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199 | undocumented at the moment) will be interpreted as configuration |
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200 | data. Then they will be overwritten by any values specified in the global |
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201 | default configuration (see the F<aemp> utility), then the chain of |
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202 | profiles chosen by the profile name (and any C<parent> attributes). |
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203 | |
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204 | That means that the values specified in the profile have highest priority |
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205 | and the values specified directly via C<configure> have lowest priority, |
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206 | and can only be used to specify defaults. |
182 | |
207 | |
183 | If the profile specifies a node ID, then this will become the node ID of |
208 | If the profile specifies a node ID, then this will become the node ID of |
184 | this process. If not, then the profile name will be used as node ID. The |
209 | this process. If not, then the profile name will be used as node ID. The |
185 | special node ID of C<anon/> will be replaced by a random node ID. |
210 | special node ID of C<anon/> will be replaced by a random node ID. |
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211 | |
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212 | =item step 2, bind listener sockets |
186 | |
213 | |
187 | The next step is to look up the binds in the profile, followed by binding |
214 | The next step is to look up the binds in the profile, followed by binding |
188 | aemp protocol listeners on all binds specified (it is possible and valid |
215 | aemp protocol listeners on all binds specified (it is possible and valid |
189 | to have no binds, meaning that the node cannot be contacted form the |
216 | to have no binds, meaning that the node cannot be contacted form the |
190 | outside. This means the node cannot talk to other nodes that also have no |
217 | outside. This means the node cannot talk to other nodes that also have no |
191 | binds, but it can still talk to all "normal" nodes). |
218 | binds, but it can still talk to all "normal" nodes). |
192 | |
219 | |
193 | If the profile does not specify a binds list, then the node ID will be |
220 | If the profile does not specify a binds list, then a default of C<*> is |
194 | treated as if it were of the form C<host:port>, which will be resolved and |
221 | used, meaning the node will bind on a dynamically-assigned port on every |
195 | used as binds list. |
222 | local IP address it finds. |
196 | |
223 | |
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224 | =item step 3, connect to seed nodes |
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225 | |
197 | Lastly, the seeds list from the profile is passed to the |
226 | As the last step, the seeds list from the profile is passed to the |
198 | L<AnyEvent::MP::Global> module, which will then use it to keep |
227 | L<AnyEvent::MP::Global> module, which will then use it to keep |
199 | connectivity with at least on of those seed nodes at any point in time. |
228 | connectivity with at least one node at any point in time. |
200 | |
229 | |
201 | Example: become a distributed node listening on the guessed noderef, or |
230 | =back |
202 | the one specified via C<aemp> for the current node. This should be the |
231 | |
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232 | Example: become a distributed node using the local node name as profile. |
203 | most common form of invocation for "daemon"-type nodes. |
233 | This should be the most common form of invocation for "daemon"-type nodes. |
204 | |
234 | |
205 | initialise_node; |
235 | configure |
206 | |
236 | |
207 | Example: become an anonymous node. This form is often used for commandline |
237 | Example: become an anonymous node. This form is often used for commandline |
208 | clients. |
238 | clients. |
209 | |
239 | |
210 | initialise_node "anon/"; |
240 | configure nodeid => "anon/"; |
211 | |
241 | |
212 | Example: become a distributed node. If there is no profile of the given |
242 | Example: configure a node using a profile called seed, which si suitable |
213 | name, or no binds list was specified, resolve C<localhost:4044> and bind |
243 | for a seed node as it binds on all local addresses on a fixed port (4040, |
214 | on the resulting addresses. |
244 | customary for aemp). |
215 | |
245 | |
216 | initialise_node "localhost:4044"; |
246 | # use the aemp commandline utility |
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247 | # aemp profile seed nodeid anon/ binds '*:4040' |
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248 | |
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249 | # then use it |
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250 | configure profile => "seed"; |
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251 | |
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252 | # or simply use aemp from the shell again: |
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253 | # aemp run profile seed |
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254 | |
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255 | # or provide a nicer-to-remember nodeid |
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256 | # aemp run profile seed nodeid "$(hostname)" |
217 | |
257 | |
218 | =item $SELF |
258 | =item $SELF |
219 | |
259 | |
220 | Contains the current port id while executing C<rcv> callbacks or C<psub> |
260 | Contains the current port id while executing C<rcv> callbacks or C<psub> |
221 | blocks. |
261 | blocks. |
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343 | |
383 | |
344 | =cut |
384 | =cut |
345 | |
385 | |
346 | sub rcv($@) { |
386 | sub rcv($@) { |
347 | my $port = shift; |
387 | my $port = shift; |
348 | my ($noderef, $portid) = split /#/, $port, 2; |
388 | my ($nodeid, $portid) = split /#/, $port, 2; |
349 | |
389 | |
350 | $NODE{$noderef} == $NODE{""} |
390 | $NODE{$nodeid} == $NODE{""} |
351 | or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on local ports, caught"; |
391 | or Carp::croak "$port: rcv can only be called on local ports, caught"; |
352 | |
392 | |
353 | while (@_) { |
393 | while (@_) { |
354 | if (ref $_[0]) { |
394 | if (ref $_[0]) { |
355 | if (my $self = $PORT_DATA{$portid}) { |
395 | if (my $self = $PORT_DATA{$portid}) { |
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446 | |
486 | |
447 | Monitor the given port and do something when the port is killed or |
487 | Monitor the given port and do something when the port is killed or |
448 | messages to it were lost, and optionally return a guard that can be used |
488 | messages to it were lost, and optionally return a guard that can be used |
449 | to stop monitoring again. |
489 | to stop monitoring again. |
450 | |
490 | |
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491 | In the first form (callback), the callback is simply called with any |
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492 | number of C<@reason> elements (no @reason means that the port was deleted |
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493 | "normally"). Note also that I<< the callback B<must> never die >>, so use |
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494 | C<eval> if unsure. |
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495 | |
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496 | In the second form (another port given), the other port (C<$rcvport>) |
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497 | will be C<kil>'ed with C<@reason>, if a @reason was specified, i.e. on |
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498 | "normal" kils nothing happens, while under all other conditions, the other |
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499 | port is killed with the same reason. |
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500 | |
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501 | The third form (kill self) is the same as the second form, except that |
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502 | C<$rvport> defaults to C<$SELF>. |
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503 | |
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504 | In the last form (message), a message of the form C<@msg, @reason> will be |
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505 | C<snd>. |
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506 | |
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507 | Monitoring-actions are one-shot: once messages are lost (and a monitoring |
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508 | alert was raised), they are removed and will not trigger again. |
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509 | |
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510 | As a rule of thumb, monitoring requests should always monitor a port from |
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511 | a local port (or callback). The reason is that kill messages might get |
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512 | lost, just like any other message. Another less obvious reason is that |
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513 | even monitoring requests can get lost (for example, when the connection |
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514 | to the other node goes down permanently). When monitoring a port locally |
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515 | these problems do not exist. |
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516 | |
451 | C<mon> effectively guarantees that, in the absence of hardware failures, |
517 | C<mon> effectively guarantees that, in the absence of hardware failures, |
452 | after starting the monitor, either all messages sent to the port will |
518 | after starting the monitor, either all messages sent to the port will |
453 | arrive, or the monitoring action will be invoked after possible message |
519 | arrive, or the monitoring action will be invoked after possible message |
454 | loss has been detected. No messages will be lost "in between" (after |
520 | loss has been detected. No messages will be lost "in between" (after |
455 | the first lost message no further messages will be received by the |
521 | the first lost message no further messages will be received by the |
456 | port). After the monitoring action was invoked, further messages might get |
522 | port). After the monitoring action was invoked, further messages might get |
457 | delivered again. |
523 | delivered again. |
458 | |
524 | |
459 | Note that monitoring-actions are one-shot: once messages are lost (and a |
525 | Inter-host-connection timeouts and monitoring depend on the transport |
460 | monitoring alert was raised), they are removed and will not trigger again. |
526 | used. The only transport currently implemented is TCP, and AnyEvent::MP |
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527 | relies on TCP to detect node-downs (this can take 10-15 minutes on a |
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528 | non-idle connection, and usually around two hours for idle conenctions). |
461 | |
529 | |
462 | In the first form (callback), the callback is simply called with any |
530 | This means that monitoring is good for program errors and cleaning up |
463 | number of C<@reason> elements (no @reason means that the port was deleted |
531 | stuff eventually, but they are no replacement for a timeout when you need |
464 | "normally"). Note also that I<< the callback B<must> never die >>, so use |
532 | to ensure some maximum latency. |
465 | C<eval> if unsure. |
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466 | |
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467 | In the second form (another port given), the other port (C<$rcvport>) |
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468 | will be C<kil>'ed with C<@reason>, iff a @reason was specified, i.e. on |
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469 | "normal" kils nothing happens, while under all other conditions, the other |
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470 | port is killed with the same reason. |
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471 | |
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472 | The third form (kill self) is the same as the second form, except that |
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473 | C<$rvport> defaults to C<$SELF>. |
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474 | |
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475 | In the last form (message), a message of the form C<@msg, @reason> will be |
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476 | C<snd>. |
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477 | |
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478 | As a rule of thumb, monitoring requests should always monitor a port from |
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479 | a local port (or callback). The reason is that kill messages might get |
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480 | lost, just like any other message. Another less obvious reason is that |
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481 | even monitoring requests can get lost (for exmaple, when the connection |
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482 | to the other node goes down permanently). When monitoring a port locally |
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483 | these problems do not exist. |
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484 | |
533 | |
485 | Example: call a given callback when C<$port> is killed. |
534 | Example: call a given callback when C<$port> is killed. |
486 | |
535 | |
487 | mon $port, sub { warn "port died because of <@_>\n" }; |
536 | mon $port, sub { warn "port died because of <@_>\n" }; |
488 | |
537 | |
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495 | mon $port, $self => "restart"; |
544 | mon $port, $self => "restart"; |
496 | |
545 | |
497 | =cut |
546 | =cut |
498 | |
547 | |
499 | sub mon { |
548 | sub mon { |
500 | my ($noderef, $port) = split /#/, shift, 2; |
549 | my ($nodeid, $port) = split /#/, shift, 2; |
501 | |
550 | |
502 | my $node = $NODE{$noderef} || add_node $noderef; |
551 | my $node = $NODE{$nodeid} || add_node $nodeid; |
503 | |
552 | |
504 | my $cb = @_ ? shift : $SELF || Carp::croak 'mon: called with one argument only, but $SELF not set,'; |
553 | my $cb = @_ ? shift : $SELF || Carp::croak 'mon: called with one argument only, but $SELF not set,'; |
505 | |
554 | |
506 | unless (ref $cb) { |
555 | unless (ref $cb) { |
507 | if (@_) { |
556 | if (@_) { |
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583 | the package, then the package above the package and so on (e.g. |
632 | the package, then the package above the package and so on (e.g. |
584 | C<MyApp::Chat::Server>, C<MyApp::Chat>, C<MyApp>) until the function |
633 | C<MyApp::Chat::Server>, C<MyApp::Chat>, C<MyApp>) until the function |
585 | exists or it runs out of package names. |
634 | exists or it runs out of package names. |
586 | |
635 | |
587 | The init function is then called with the newly-created port as context |
636 | The init function is then called with the newly-created port as context |
588 | object (C<$SELF>) and the C<@initdata> values as arguments. |
637 | object (C<$SELF>) and the C<@initdata> values as arguments. It I<must> |
|
|
638 | call one of the C<rcv> functions to set callbacks on C<$SELF>, otherwise |
|
|
639 | the port might not get created. |
589 | |
640 | |
590 | A common idiom is to pass a local port, immediately monitor the spawned |
641 | A common idiom is to pass a local port, immediately monitor the spawned |
591 | port, and in the remote init function, immediately monitor the passed |
642 | port, and in the remote init function, immediately monitor the passed |
592 | local port. This two-way monitoring ensures that both ports get cleaned up |
643 | local port. This two-way monitoring ensures that both ports get cleaned up |
593 | when there is a problem. |
644 | when there is a problem. |
594 | |
645 | |
|
|
646 | C<spawn> guarantees that the C<$initfunc> has no visible effects on the |
|
|
647 | caller before C<spawn> returns (by delaying invocation when spawn is |
|
|
648 | called for the local node). |
|
|
649 | |
595 | Example: spawn a chat server port on C<$othernode>. |
650 | Example: spawn a chat server port on C<$othernode>. |
596 | |
651 | |
597 | # this node, executed from within a port context: |
652 | # this node, executed from within a port context: |
598 | my $server = spawn $othernode, "MyApp::Chat::Server::connect", $SELF; |
653 | my $server = spawn $othernode, "MyApp::Chat::Server::connect", $SELF; |
599 | mon $server; |
654 | mon $server; |
… | |
… | |
613 | |
668 | |
614 | sub _spawn { |
669 | sub _spawn { |
615 | my $port = shift; |
670 | my $port = shift; |
616 | my $init = shift; |
671 | my $init = shift; |
617 | |
672 | |
|
|
673 | # rcv will create the actual port |
618 | local $SELF = "$NODE#$port"; |
674 | local $SELF = "$NODE#$port"; |
619 | eval { |
675 | eval { |
620 | &{ load_func $init } |
676 | &{ load_func $init } |
621 | }; |
677 | }; |
622 | _self_die if $@; |
678 | _self_die if $@; |
623 | } |
679 | } |
624 | |
680 | |
625 | sub spawn(@) { |
681 | sub spawn(@) { |
626 | my ($noderef, undef) = split /#/, shift, 2; |
682 | my ($nodeid, undef) = split /#/, shift, 2; |
627 | |
683 | |
628 | my $id = "$RUNIQ." . $ID++; |
684 | my $id = "$RUNIQ." . $ID++; |
629 | |
685 | |
630 | $_[0] =~ /::/ |
686 | $_[0] =~ /::/ |
631 | or Carp::croak "spawn init function must be a fully-qualified name, caught"; |
687 | or Carp::croak "spawn init function must be a fully-qualified name, caught"; |
632 | |
688 | |
633 | snd_to_func $noderef, "AnyEvent::MP::_spawn" => $id, @_; |
689 | snd_to_func $nodeid, "AnyEvent::MP::_spawn" => $id, @_; |
634 | |
690 | |
635 | "$noderef#$id" |
691 | "$nodeid#$id" |
636 | } |
692 | } |
637 | |
693 | |
638 | =item after $timeout, @msg |
694 | =item after $timeout, @msg |
639 | |
695 | |
640 | =item after $timeout, $callback |
696 | =item after $timeout, $callback |
… | |
… | |
657 | ? $action[0]() |
713 | ? $action[0]() |
658 | : snd @action; |
714 | : snd @action; |
659 | }; |
715 | }; |
660 | } |
716 | } |
661 | |
717 | |
|
|
718 | =item cal $port, @msg, $callback[, $timeout] |
|
|
719 | |
|
|
720 | A simple form of RPC - sends a message to the given C<$port> with the |
|
|
721 | given contents (C<@msg>), but adds a reply port to the message. |
|
|
722 | |
|
|
723 | The reply port is created temporarily just for the purpose of receiving |
|
|
724 | the reply, and will be C<kil>ed when no longer needed. |
|
|
725 | |
|
|
726 | A reply message sent to the port is passed to the C<$callback> as-is. |
|
|
727 | |
|
|
728 | If an optional time-out (in seconds) is given and it is not C<undef>, |
|
|
729 | then the callback will be called without any arguments after the time-out |
|
|
730 | elapsed and the port is C<kil>ed. |
|
|
731 | |
|
|
732 | If no time-out is given, then the local port will monitor the remote port |
|
|
733 | instead, so it eventually gets cleaned-up. |
|
|
734 | |
|
|
735 | Currently this function returns the temporary port, but this "feature" |
|
|
736 | might go in future versions unless you can make a convincing case that |
|
|
737 | this is indeed useful for something. |
|
|
738 | |
|
|
739 | =cut |
|
|
740 | |
|
|
741 | sub cal(@) { |
|
|
742 | my $timeout = ref $_[-1] ? undef : pop; |
|
|
743 | my $cb = pop; |
|
|
744 | |
|
|
745 | my $port = port { |
|
|
746 | undef $timeout; |
|
|
747 | kil $SELF; |
|
|
748 | &$cb; |
|
|
749 | }; |
|
|
750 | |
|
|
751 | if (defined $timeout) { |
|
|
752 | $timeout = AE::timer $timeout, 0, sub { |
|
|
753 | undef $timeout; |
|
|
754 | kil $port; |
|
|
755 | $cb->(); |
|
|
756 | }; |
|
|
757 | } else { |
|
|
758 | mon $_[0], sub { |
|
|
759 | kil $port; |
|
|
760 | $cb->(); |
|
|
761 | }; |
|
|
762 | } |
|
|
763 | |
|
|
764 | push @_, $port; |
|
|
765 | &snd; |
|
|
766 | |
|
|
767 | $port |
|
|
768 | } |
|
|
769 | |
662 | =back |
770 | =back |
663 | |
771 | |
664 | =head1 AnyEvent::MP vs. Distributed Erlang |
772 | =head1 AnyEvent::MP vs. Distributed Erlang |
665 | |
773 | |
666 | AnyEvent::MP got lots of its ideas from distributed Erlang (Erlang node |
774 | AnyEvent::MP got lots of its ideas from distributed Erlang (Erlang node |
… | |
… | |
679 | |
787 | |
680 | =item * Node IDs are arbitrary strings in AEMP. |
788 | =item * Node IDs are arbitrary strings in AEMP. |
681 | |
789 | |
682 | Erlang relies on special naming and DNS to work everywhere in the same |
790 | Erlang relies on special naming and DNS to work everywhere in the same |
683 | way. AEMP relies on each node somehow knowing its own address(es) (e.g. by |
791 | way. AEMP relies on each node somehow knowing its own address(es) (e.g. by |
684 | configuraiton or DNS), but will otherwise discover other odes itself. |
792 | configuration or DNS), but will otherwise discover other odes itself. |
685 | |
793 | |
686 | =item * Erlang has a "remote ports are like local ports" philosophy, AEMP |
794 | =item * Erlang has a "remote ports are like local ports" philosophy, AEMP |
687 | uses "local ports are like remote ports". |
795 | uses "local ports are like remote ports". |
688 | |
796 | |
689 | The failure modes for local ports are quite different (runtime errors |
797 | The failure modes for local ports are quite different (runtime errors |
… | |
… | |
702 | |
810 | |
703 | Erlang uses processes that selectively receive messages, and therefore |
811 | Erlang uses processes that selectively receive messages, and therefore |
704 | needs a queue. AEMP is event based, queuing messages would serve no |
812 | needs a queue. AEMP is event based, queuing messages would serve no |
705 | useful purpose. For the same reason the pattern-matching abilities of |
813 | useful purpose. For the same reason the pattern-matching abilities of |
706 | AnyEvent::MP are more limited, as there is little need to be able to |
814 | AnyEvent::MP are more limited, as there is little need to be able to |
707 | filter messages without dequeing them. |
815 | filter messages without dequeuing them. |
708 | |
816 | |
709 | (But see L<Coro::MP> for a more Erlang-like process model on top of AEMP). |
817 | (But see L<Coro::MP> for a more Erlang-like process model on top of AEMP). |
710 | |
818 | |
711 | =item * Erlang sends are synchronous, AEMP sends are asynchronous. |
819 | =item * Erlang sends are synchronous, AEMP sends are asynchronous. |
712 | |
820 | |
… | |
… | |
818 | L<AnyEvent::MP::Kernel> - more, lower-level, stuff. |
926 | L<AnyEvent::MP::Kernel> - more, lower-level, stuff. |
819 | |
927 | |
820 | L<AnyEvent::MP::Global> - network maintainance and port groups, to find |
928 | L<AnyEvent::MP::Global> - network maintainance and port groups, to find |
821 | your applications. |
929 | your applications. |
822 | |
930 | |
|
|
931 | L<AnyEvent::MP::LogCatcher> - simple service to display log messages from |
|
|
932 | all nodes. |
|
|
933 | |
823 | L<AnyEvent>. |
934 | L<AnyEvent>. |
824 | |
935 | |
825 | =head1 AUTHOR |
936 | =head1 AUTHOR |
826 | |
937 | |
827 | Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |
938 | Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |