[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.127 by root, Sat May 24 01:15:19 2008 UTC vs.
Revision 1.205 by root, Sun Apr 19 12:09:46 2009 UTC

…		…
1	=head1 => NAME	1	=head1 NAME
2		2
3	AnyEvent - provide framework for multiple event loops	3	AnyEvent - provide framework for multiple event loops
4		4
5	EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Qt, POE - various supported event loops	5	EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Qt, POE - various supported event loops
6		6
7	=head1 SYNOPSIS	7	=head1 SYNOPSIS
8		8
9	use AnyEvent;	9	use AnyEvent;
10		10
11	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r\|w", cb => sub {	11	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r\|w", cb => sub { ... });
12	...
13	});
14		12
15	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub {	13	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... });
		14	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...
		15
		16	print AnyEvent->now; # prints current event loop time
		17	print AnyEvent->time; # think Time::HiRes::time or simply CORE::time.
		18
		19	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "TERM", cb => sub { ... });
		20
		21	my $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => $pid, cb => sub {
		22	my ($pid, $status) = @_;
16	...	23	...
17	});	24	});
18		25
19	my $w = AnyEvent->condvar; # stores whether a condition was flagged	26	my $w = AnyEvent->condvar; # stores whether a condition was flagged
20	$w->send; # wake up current and all future recv's	27	$w->send; # wake up current and all future recv's
21	$w->recv; # enters "main loop" till $condvar gets ->send	28	$w->recv; # enters "main loop" till $condvar gets ->send
		29	# use a condvar in callback mode:
		30	$w->cb (sub { $_[0]->recv });
		31
		32	=head1 INTRODUCTION/TUTORIAL
		33
		34	This manpage is mainly a reference manual. If you are interested
		35	in a tutorial or some gentle introduction, have a look at the
		36	L<AnyEvent::Intro> manpage.
22		37
23	=head1 WHY YOU SHOULD USE THIS MODULE (OR NOT)	38	=head1 WHY YOU SHOULD USE THIS MODULE (OR NOT)
24		39
25	Glib, POE, IO::Async, Event... CPAN offers event models by the dozen	40	Glib, POE, IO::Async, Event... CPAN offers event models by the dozen
26	nowadays. So what is different about AnyEvent?	41	nowadays. So what is different about AnyEvent?
27		42
28	Executive Summary: AnyEvent is I<compatible>, AnyEvent is I<free of	43	Executive Summary: AnyEvent is I<compatible>, AnyEvent is I<free of
29	policy> and AnyEvent is I<small and efficient>.	44	policy> and AnyEvent is I<small and efficient>.
30		45
31	First and foremost, I<AnyEvent is not an event model> itself, it only	46	First and foremost, I<AnyEvent is not an event model> itself, it only
32	interfaces to whatever event model the main program happens to use in a	47	interfaces to whatever event model the main program happens to use, in a
33	pragmatic way. For event models and certain classes of immortals alike,	48	pragmatic way. For event models and certain classes of immortals alike,
34	the statement "there can only be one" is a bitter reality: In general,	49	the statement "there can only be one" is a bitter reality: In general,
35	only one event loop can be active at the same time in a process. AnyEvent	50	only one event loop can be active at the same time in a process. AnyEvent
36	helps hiding the differences between those event loops.	51	cannot change this, but it can hide the differences between those event
		52	loops.
37		53
38	The goal of AnyEvent is to offer module authors the ability to do event	54	The goal of AnyEvent is to offer module authors the ability to do event
39	programming (waiting for I/O or timer events) without subscribing to a	55	programming (waiting for I/O or timer events) without subscribing to a
40	religion, a way of living, and most importantly: without forcing your	56	religion, a way of living, and most importantly: without forcing your
41	module users into the same thing by forcing them to use the same event	57	module users into the same thing by forcing them to use the same event
42	model you use.	58	model you use.
43		59
44	For modules like POE or IO::Async (which is a total misnomer as it is	60	For modules like POE or IO::Async (which is a total misnomer as it is
45	actually doing all I/O I<synchronously>...), using them in your module is	61	actually doing all I/O I<synchronously>...), using them in your module is
46	like joining a cult: After you joined, you are dependent on them and you	62	like joining a cult: After you joined, you are dependent on them and you
47	cannot use anything else, as it is simply incompatible to everything that	63	cannot use anything else, as they are simply incompatible to everything
48	isn't itself. What's worse, all the potential users of your module are	64	that isn't them. What's worse, all the potential users of your
49	I<also> forced to use the same event loop you use.	65	module are I<also> forced to use the same event loop you use.
50		66
51	AnyEvent is different: AnyEvent + POE works fine. AnyEvent + Glib works	67	AnyEvent is different: AnyEvent + POE works fine. AnyEvent + Glib works
52	fine. AnyEvent + Tk works fine etc. etc. but none of these work together	68	fine. AnyEvent + Tk works fine etc. etc. but none of these work together
53	with the rest: POE + IO::Async? no go. Tk + Event? no go. Again: if	69	with the rest: POE + IO::Async? No go. Tk + Event? No go. Again: if
54	your module uses one of those, every user of your module has to use it,	70	your module uses one of those, every user of your module has to use it,
55	too. But if your module uses AnyEvent, it works transparently with all	71	too. But if your module uses AnyEvent, it works transparently with all
56	event models it supports (including stuff like POE and IO::Async, as long	72	event models it supports (including stuff like IO::Async, as long as those
57	as those use one of the supported event loops. It is trivial to add new	73	use one of the supported event loops. It is trivial to add new event loops
58	event loops to AnyEvent, too, so it is future-proof).	74	to AnyEvent, too, so it is future-proof).
59		75
60	In addition to being free of having to use I<the one and only true event	76	In addition to being free of having to use I<the one and only true event
61	model>, AnyEvent also is free of bloat and policy: with POE or similar	77	model>, AnyEvent also is free of bloat and policy: with POE or similar
62	modules, you get an enourmous amount of code and strict rules you have to	78	modules, you get an enormous amount of code and strict rules you have to
63	follow. AnyEvent, on the other hand, is lean and up to the point, by only	79	follow. AnyEvent, on the other hand, is lean and up to the point, by only
64	offering the functionality that is necessary, in as thin as a wrapper as	80	offering the functionality that is necessary, in as thin as a wrapper as
65	technically possible.	81	technically possible.
66		82
		83	Of course, AnyEvent comes with a big (and fully optional!) toolbox
		84	of useful functionality, such as an asynchronous DNS resolver, 100%
		85	non-blocking connects (even with TLS/SSL, IPv6 and on broken platforms
		86	such as Windows) and lots of real-world knowledge and workarounds for
		87	platform bugs and differences.
		88
67	Of course, if you want lots of policy (this can arguably be somewhat	89	Now, if you I<do want> lots of policy (this can arguably be somewhat
68	useful) and you want to force your users to use the one and only event	90	useful) and you want to force your users to use the one and only event
69	model, you should I<not> use this module.	91	model, you should I<not> use this module.
70		92
71	=head1 DESCRIPTION	93	=head1 DESCRIPTION
72		94
102	starts using it, all bets are off. Maybe you should tell their authors to	124	starts using it, all bets are off. Maybe you should tell their authors to
103	use AnyEvent so their modules work together with others seamlessly...	125	use AnyEvent so their modules work together with others seamlessly...
104		126
105	The pure-perl implementation of AnyEvent is called	127	The pure-perl implementation of AnyEvent is called
106	C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>. Like other event modules you can load it	128	C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>. Like other event modules you can load it
107	explicitly.	129	explicitly and enjoy the high availability of that event loop :)
108		130
109	=head1 WATCHERS	131	=head1 WATCHERS
110		132
111	AnyEvent has the central concept of a I<watcher>, which is an object that	133	AnyEvent has the central concept of a I<watcher>, which is an object that
112	stores relevant data for each kind of event you are waiting for, such as	134	stores relevant data for each kind of event you are waiting for, such as
113	the callback to call, the filehandle to watch, etc.	135	the callback to call, the file handle to watch, etc.
114		136
115	These watchers are normal Perl objects with normal Perl lifetime. After	137	These watchers are normal Perl objects with normal Perl lifetime. After
116	creating a watcher it will immediately "watch" for events and invoke the	138	creating a watcher it will immediately "watch" for events and invoke the
117	callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model	139	callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model
118	is in control).	140	is in control).
119		141
		142	Note that B<callbacks must not permanently change global variables>
		143	potentially in use by the event loop (such as C<$_> or C<$[>) and that B<<
		144	callbacks must not C<die> >>. The former is good programming practise in
		145	Perl and the latter stems from the fact that exception handling differs
		146	widely between event loops.
		147
120	To disable the watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the	148	To disable the watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the
121	variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references	149	variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references
122	to it).	150	to it).
123		151
124	All watchers are created by calling a method on the C<AnyEvent> class.	152	All watchers are created by calling a method on the C<AnyEvent> class.
…		…
126	Many watchers either are used with "recursion" (repeating timers for	154	Many watchers either are used with "recursion" (repeating timers for
127	example), or need to refer to their watcher object in other ways.	155	example), or need to refer to their watcher object in other ways.
128		156
129	An any way to achieve that is this pattern:	157	An any way to achieve that is this pattern:
130		158
131	my $w; $w = AnyEvent->type (arg => value ..., cb => sub {	159	my $w; $w = AnyEvent->type (arg => value ..., cb => sub {
132	# you can use $w here, for example to undef it	160	# you can use $w here, for example to undef it
133	undef $w;	161	undef $w;
134	});	162	});
135		163
136	Note that C<my $w; $w => combination. This is necessary because in Perl,	164	Note that C<my $w; $w => combination. This is necessary because in Perl,
137	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are	165	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are
138	declared.	166	declared.
139		167
140	=head2 I/O WATCHERS	168	=head2 I/O WATCHERS
141		169
142	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method	170	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method
143	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:	171	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:
144		172
145	C<fh> the Perl I<file handle> (I<not> file descriptor) to watch	173	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (I<not> file descriptor) to watch
		174	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file
		175	handle). Note that only file handles pointing to things for which
		176	non-blocking operation makes sense are allowed. This includes sockets,
		177	most character devices, pipes, fifos and so on, but not for example files
		178	or block devices.
		179
146	for events. C<poll> must be a string that is either C<r> or C<w>,	180	C<poll> must be a string that is either C<r> or C<w>, which creates a
147	which creates a watcher waiting for "r"eadable or "w"ritable events,	181	watcher waiting for "r"eadable or "w"ritable events, respectively.
		182
148	respectively. C<cb> is the callback to invoke each time the file handle	183	C<cb> is the callback to invoke each time the file handle becomes ready.
149	becomes ready.
150		184
151	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and	185	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and
152	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent	186	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent
153	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to I/O watcher callbacks.	187	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to I/O watcher callbacks.
154		188
…		…
158		192
159	Some event loops issue spurious readyness notifications, so you should	193	Some event loops issue spurious readyness notifications, so you should
160	always use non-blocking calls when reading/writing from/to your file	194	always use non-blocking calls when reading/writing from/to your file
161	handles.	195	handles.
162		196
163	Example:
164
165	# wait for readability of STDIN, then read a line and disable the watcher	197	Example: wait for readability of STDIN, then read a line and disable the
		198	watcher.
		199
166	my $w; $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => \*STDIN, poll => 'r', cb => sub {	200	my $w; $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => \*STDIN, poll => 'r', cb => sub {
167	chomp (my $input = <STDIN>);	201	chomp (my $input = <STDIN>);
168	warn "read: $input\n";	202	warn "read: $input\n";
169	undef $w;	203	undef $w;
170	});	204	});
…		…
180		214
181	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and	215	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and
182	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent	216	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent
183	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to time watcher callbacks.	217	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to time watcher callbacks.
184		218
185	The timer callback will be invoked at most once: if you want a repeating	219	The callback will normally be invoked once only. If you specify another
186	timer you have to create a new watcher (this is a limitation by both Tk	220	parameter, C<interval>, as a strictly positive number (> 0), then the
187	and Glib).	221	callback will be invoked regularly at that interval (in fractional
		222	seconds) after the first invocation. If C<interval> is specified with a
		223	false value, then it is treated as if it were missing.
188		224
189	Example:	225	The callback will be rescheduled before invoking the callback, but no
		226	attempt is done to avoid timer drift in most backends, so the interval is
		227	only approximate.
190		228
191	# fire an event after 7.7 seconds	229	Example: fire an event after 7.7 seconds.
		230
192	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 7.7, cb => sub {	231	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 7.7, cb => sub {
193	warn "timeout\n";	232	warn "timeout\n";
194	});	233	});
195		234
196	# to cancel the timer:	235	# to cancel the timer:
197	undef $w;	236	undef $w;
198		237
199	Example 2:
200
201	# fire an event after 0.5 seconds, then roughly every second	238	Example 2: fire an event after 0.5 seconds, then roughly every second.
202	my $w;
203		239
204	my $cb = sub {
205	# cancel the old timer while creating a new one
206	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, cb => $cb);	240	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.5, interval => 1, cb => sub {
		241	warn "timeout\n";
207	};	242	};
208
209	# start the "loop" by creating the first watcher
210	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.5, cb => $cb);
211		243
212	=head3 TIMING ISSUES	244	=head3 TIMING ISSUES
213		245
214	There are two ways to handle timers: based on real time (relative, "fire	246	There are two ways to handle timers: based on real time (relative, "fire
215	in 10 seconds") and based on wallclock time (absolute, "fire at 12	247	in 10 seconds") and based on wallclock time (absolute, "fire at 12
…		…
227	timers.	259	timers.
228		260
229	AnyEvent always prefers relative timers, if available, matching the	261	AnyEvent always prefers relative timers, if available, matching the
230	AnyEvent API.	262	AnyEvent API.
231		263
		264	AnyEvent has two additional methods that return the "current time":
		265
		266	=over 4
		267
		268	=item AnyEvent->time
		269
		270	This returns the "current wallclock time" as a fractional number of
		271	seconds since the Epoch (the same thing as C<time> or C<Time::HiRes::time>
		272	return, and the result is guaranteed to be compatible with those).
		273
		274	It progresses independently of any event loop processing, i.e. each call
		275	will check the system clock, which usually gets updated frequently.
		276
		277	=item AnyEvent->now
		278
		279	This also returns the "current wallclock time", but unlike C<time>, above,
		280	this value might change only once per event loop iteration, depending on
		281	the event loop (most return the same time as C<time>, above). This is the
		282	time that AnyEvent's timers get scheduled against.
		283
		284	I<In almost all cases (in all cases if you don't care), this is the
		285	function to call when you want to know the current time.>
		286
		287	This function is also often faster then C<< AnyEvent->time >>, and
		288	thus the preferred method if you want some timestamp (for example,
		289	L<AnyEvent::Handle> uses this to update it's activity timeouts).
		290
		291	The rest of this section is only of relevance if you try to be very exact
		292	with your timing, you can skip it without bad conscience.
		293
		294	For a practical example of when these times differ, consider L<Event::Lib>
		295	and L<EV> and the following set-up:
		296
		297	The event loop is running and has just invoked one of your callback at
		298	time=500 (assume no other callbacks delay processing). In your callback,
		299	you wait a second by executing C<sleep 1> (blocking the process for a
		300	second) and then (at time=501) you create a relative timer that fires
		301	after three seconds.
		302
		303	With L<Event::Lib>, C<< AnyEvent->time >> and C<< AnyEvent->now >> will
		304	both return C<501>, because that is the current time, and the timer will
		305	be scheduled to fire at time=504 (C<501> + C<3>).
		306
		307	With L<EV>, C<< AnyEvent->time >> returns C<501> (as that is the current
		308	time), but C<< AnyEvent->now >> returns C<500>, as that is the time the
		309	last event processing phase started. With L<EV>, your timer gets scheduled
		310	to run at time=503 (C<500> + C<3>).
		311
		312	In one sense, L<Event::Lib> is more exact, as it uses the current time
		313	regardless of any delays introduced by event processing. However, most
		314	callbacks do not expect large delays in processing, so this causes a
		315	higher drift (and a lot more system calls to get the current time).
		316
		317	In another sense, L<EV> is more exact, as your timer will be scheduled at
		318	the same time, regardless of how long event processing actually took.
		319
		320	In either case, if you care (and in most cases, you don't), then you
		321	can get whatever behaviour you want with any event loop, by taking the
		322	difference between C<< AnyEvent->time >> and C<< AnyEvent->now >> into
		323	account.
		324
		325	=item AnyEvent->now_update
		326
		327	Some event loops (such as L<EV> or L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) cache
		328	the current time for each loop iteration (see the discussion of L<<
		329	AnyEvent->now >>, above).
		330
		331	When a callback runs for a long time (or when the process sleeps), then
		332	this "current" time will differ substantially from the real time, which
		333	might affect timers and time-outs.
		334
		335	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the
		336	event loop's idea of "current time".
		337
		338	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.
		339
		340	=back
		341
232	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS	342	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS
233		343
234	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal	344	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal
235	I<name> without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl callback to	345	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl
236	be invoked whenever a signal occurs.	346	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.
237		347
238	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and	348	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and
239	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent	349	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent
240	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to signal watcher callbacks.	350	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to signal watcher callbacks.
241		351
242	Multiple signal occurances can be clumped together into one callback	352	Multiple signal occurrences can be clumped together into one callback
243	invocation, and callback invocation will be synchronous. synchronous means	353	invocation, and callback invocation will be synchronous. Synchronous means
244	that it might take a while until the signal gets handled by the process,	354	that it might take a while until the signal gets handled by the process,
245	but it is guarenteed not to interrupt any other callbacks.	355	but it is guaranteed not to interrupt any other callbacks.
246		356
247	The main advantage of using these watchers is that you can share a signal	357	The main advantage of using these watchers is that you can share a signal
248	between multiple watchers.	358	between multiple watchers.
249		359
250	This watcher might use C<%SIG>, so programs overwriting those signals	360	This watcher might use C<%SIG>, so programs overwriting those signals
…		…
257	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS	367	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
258		368
259	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.	369	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.
260		370
261	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (if set to C<0>, it	371	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (if set to C<0>, it
262	watches for any child process exit). The watcher will trigger as often	372	watches for any child process exit). The watcher will triggered only when
263	as status change for the child are received. This works by installing a	373	the child process has finished and an exit status is available, not on
264	signal handler for C<SIGCHLD>. The callback will be called with the pid	374	any trace events (stopped/continued).
265	and exit status (as returned by waitpid), so unlike other watcher types,	375
266	you I<can> rely on child watcher callback arguments.	376	The callback will be called with the pid and exit status (as returned by
		377	waitpid), so unlike other watcher types, you I<can> rely on child watcher
		378	callback arguments.
		379
		380	This watcher type works by installing a signal handler for C<SIGCHLD>,
		381	and since it cannot be shared, nothing else should use SIGCHLD or reap
		382	random child processes (waiting for specific child processes, e.g. inside
		383	C<system>, is just fine).
267		384
268	There is a slight catch to child watchers, however: you usually start them	385	There is a slight catch to child watchers, however: you usually start them
269	I<after> the child process was created, and this means the process could	386	I<after> the child process was created, and this means the process could
270	have exited already (and no SIGCHLD will be sent anymore).	387	have exited already (and no SIGCHLD will be sent anymore).
271		388
…		…
277	AnyEvent program, you I<have> to create at least one watcher before you	394	AnyEvent program, you I<have> to create at least one watcher before you
278	C<fork> the child (alternatively, you can call C<AnyEvent::detect>).	395	C<fork> the child (alternatively, you can call C<AnyEvent::detect>).
279		396
280	Example: fork a process and wait for it	397	Example: fork a process and wait for it
281		398
282	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;	399	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;
283		400
284	my $pid = fork or exit 5;	401	my $pid = fork or exit 5;
285		402
286	my $w = AnyEvent->child (	403	my $w = AnyEvent->child (
287	pid => $pid,	404	pid => $pid,
288	cb => sub {	405	cb => sub {
289	my ($pid, $status) = @_;	406	my ($pid, $status) = @_;
290	warn "pid $pid exited with status $status";	407	warn "pid $pid exited with status $status";
291	$done->send;	408	$done->send;
292	},	409	},
293	);	410	);
294		411
295	# do something else, then wait for process exit	412	# do something else, then wait for process exit
296	$done->recv;	413	$done->recv;
297		414
298	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES	415	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES
299		416
300	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them	417	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them
301	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that	418	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that
…		…
307	The instrument to do that is called a "condition variable", so called	424	The instrument to do that is called a "condition variable", so called
308	because they represent a condition that must become true.	425	because they represent a condition that must become true.
309		426
310	Condition variables can be created by calling the C<< AnyEvent->condvar	427	Condition variables can be created by calling the C<< AnyEvent->condvar
311	>> method, usually without arguments. The only argument pair allowed is	428	>> method, usually without arguments. The only argument pair allowed is
		429
312	C<cb>, which specifies a callback to be called when the condition variable	430	C<cb>, which specifies a callback to be called when the condition variable
313	becomes true.	431	becomes true, with the condition variable as the first argument (but not
		432	the results).
314		433
315	After creation, the conditon variable is "false" until it becomes "true"	434	After creation, the condition variable is "false" until it becomes "true"
316	by calling the C<send> method.	435	by calling the C<send> method (or calling the condition variable as if it
		436	were a callback, read about the caveats in the description for the C<<
		437	->send >> method).
317		438
318	Condition variables are similar to callbacks, except that you can	439	Condition variables are similar to callbacks, except that you can
319	optionally wait for them. They can also be called merge points - points	440	optionally wait for them. They can also be called merge points - points
320	in time where multiple outstandign events have been processed. And yet	441	in time where multiple outstanding events have been processed. And yet
321	another way to call them is transations - each condition variable can be	442	another way to call them is transactions - each condition variable can be
322	used to represent a transaction, which finishes at some point and delivers	443	used to represent a transaction, which finishes at some point and delivers
323	a result.	444	a result.
324		445
325	Condition variables are very useful to signal that something has finished,	446	Condition variables are very useful to signal that something has finished,
326	for example, if you write a module that does asynchronous http requests,	447	for example, if you write a module that does asynchronous http requests,
…		…
332	you can block your main program until an event occurs - for example, you	453	you can block your main program until an event occurs - for example, you
333	could C<< ->recv >> in your main program until the user clicks the Quit	454	could C<< ->recv >> in your main program until the user clicks the Quit
334	button of your app, which would C<< ->send >> the "quit" event.	455	button of your app, which would C<< ->send >> the "quit" event.
335		456
336	Note that condition variables recurse into the event loop - if you have	457	Note that condition variables recurse into the event loop - if you have
337	two pieces of code that call C<< ->recv >> in a round-robbin fashion, you	458	two pieces of code that call C<< ->recv >> in a round-robin fashion, you
338	lose. Therefore, condition variables are good to export to your caller, but	459	lose. Therefore, condition variables are good to export to your caller, but
339	you should avoid making a blocking wait yourself, at least in callbacks,	460	you should avoid making a blocking wait yourself, at least in callbacks,
340	as this asks for trouble.	461	as this asks for trouble.
341		462
342	Condition variables are represented by hash refs in perl, and the keys	463	Condition variables are represented by hash refs in perl, and the keys
…		…
347		468
348	There are two "sides" to a condition variable - the "producer side" which	469	There are two "sides" to a condition variable - the "producer side" which
349	eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits	470	eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits
350	for the send to occur.	471	for the send to occur.
351		472
352	Example:	473	Example: wait for a timer.
353		474
354	# wait till the result is ready	475	# wait till the result is ready
355	my $result_ready = AnyEvent->condvar;	476	my $result_ready = AnyEvent->condvar;
356		477
357	# do something such as adding a timer	478	# do something such as adding a timer
…		…
365		486
366	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback	487	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback
367	# calls send	488	# calls send
368	$result_ready->recv;	489	$result_ready->recv;
369		490
		491	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that
		492	condition variables are also code references.
		493
		494	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;
		495	my $delay = AnyEvent->timer (after => 5, cb => $done);
		496	$done->recv;
		497
		498	Example: Imagine an API that returns a condvar and doesn't support
		499	callbacks. This is how you make a synchronous call, for example from
		500	the main program:
		501
		502	use AnyEvent::CouchDB;
		503
		504	...
		505
		506	my @info = $couchdb->info->recv;
		507
		508	And this is how you would just ste a callback to be called whenever the
		509	results are available:
		510
		511	$couchdb->info->cb (sub {
		512	my @info = $_[0]->recv;
		513	});
		514
370	=head3 METHODS FOR PRODUCERS	515	=head3 METHODS FOR PRODUCERS
371		516
372	These methods should only be used by the producing side, i.e. the	517	These methods should only be used by the producing side, i.e. the
373	code/module that eventually sends the signal. Note that it is also	518	code/module that eventually sends the signal. Note that it is also
374	the producer side which creates the condvar in most cases, but it isn't	519	the producer side which creates the condvar in most cases, but it isn't
…		…
385	If a callback has been set on the condition variable, it is called	530	If a callback has been set on the condition variable, it is called
386	immediately from within send.	531	immediately from within send.
387		532
388	Any arguments passed to the C<send> call will be returned by all	533	Any arguments passed to the C<send> call will be returned by all
389	future C<< ->recv >> calls.	534	future C<< ->recv >> calls.
		535
		536	Condition variables are overloaded so one can call them directly
		537	(as a code reference). Calling them directly is the same as calling
		538	C<send>. Note, however, that many C-based event loops do not handle
		539	overloading, so as tempting as it may be, passing a condition variable
		540	instead of a callback does not work. Both the pure perl and EV loops
		541	support overloading, however, as well as all functions that use perl to
		542	invoke a callback (as in L<AnyEvent::Socket> and L<AnyEvent::DNS> for
		543	example).
390		544
391	=item $cv->croak ($error)	545	=item $cv->croak ($error)
392		546
393	Similar to send, but causes all call's to C<< ->recv >> to invoke	547	Similar to send, but causes all call's to C<< ->recv >> to invoke
394	C<Carp::croak> with the given error message/object/scalar.	548	C<Carp::croak> with the given error message/object/scalar.
…		…
443	doesn't execute once).	597	doesn't execute once).
444		598
445	This is the general pattern when you "fan out" into multiple subrequests:	599	This is the general pattern when you "fan out" into multiple subrequests:
446	use an outer C<begin>/C<end> pair to set the callback and ensure C<end>	600	use an outer C<begin>/C<end> pair to set the callback and ensure C<end>
447	is called at least once, and then, for each subrequest you start, call	601	is called at least once, and then, for each subrequest you start, call
448	C<begin> and for eahc subrequest you finish, call C<end>.	602	C<begin> and for each subrequest you finish, call C<end>.
449		603
450	=back	604	=back
451		605
452	=head3 METHODS FOR CONSUMERS	606	=head3 METHODS FOR CONSUMERS
453		607
…		…
475	(programs might want to do that to stay interactive), so I<if you are	629	(programs might want to do that to stay interactive), so I<if you are
476	using this from a module, never require a blocking wait>, but let the	630	using this from a module, never require a blocking wait>, but let the
477	caller decide whether the call will block or not (for example, by coupling	631	caller decide whether the call will block or not (for example, by coupling
478	condition variables with some kind of request results and supporting	632	condition variables with some kind of request results and supporting
479	callbacks so the caller knows that getting the result will not block,	633	callbacks so the caller knows that getting the result will not block,
480	while still suppporting blocking waits if the caller so desires).	634	while still supporting blocking waits if the caller so desires).
481		635
482	Another reason I<never> to C<< ->recv >> in a module is that you cannot	636	Another reason I<never> to C<< ->recv >> in a module is that you cannot
483	sensibly have two C<< ->recv >>'s in parallel, as that would require	637	sensibly have two C<< ->recv >>'s in parallel, as that would require
484	multiple interpreters or coroutines/threads, none of which C<AnyEvent>	638	multiple interpreters or coroutines/threads, none of which C<AnyEvent>
485	can supply.	639	can supply.
…		…
498	=item $bool = $cv->ready	652	=item $bool = $cv->ready
499		653
500	Returns true when the condition is "true", i.e. whether C<send> or	654	Returns true when the condition is "true", i.e. whether C<send> or
501	C<croak> have been called.	655	C<croak> have been called.
502		656
503	=item $cb = $cv->cb ([new callback])	657	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))
504		658
505	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally	659	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally
506	replaces it before doing so.	660	replaces it before doing so.
507		661
508	The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when	662	The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when
509	C<send> or C<croak> are called. Calling C<recv> inside the callback	663	C<send> or C<croak> are called, with the only argument being the condition
510	or at any later time is guaranteed not to block.	664	variable itself. Calling C<recv> inside the callback or at any later time
		665	is guaranteed not to block.
511		666
512	=back	667	=back
513		668
514	=head1 GLOBAL VARIABLES AND FUNCTIONS	669	=head1 GLOBAL VARIABLES AND FUNCTIONS
515		670
…		…
601		756
602	If it doesn't care, it can just "use AnyEvent" and use it itself, or not	757	If it doesn't care, it can just "use AnyEvent" and use it itself, or not
603	do anything special (it does not need to be event-based) and let AnyEvent	758	do anything special (it does not need to be event-based) and let AnyEvent
604	decide which implementation to chose if some module relies on it.	759	decide which implementation to chose if some module relies on it.
605		760
606	If the main program relies on a specific event model. For example, in	761	If the main program relies on a specific event model - for example, in
607	Gtk2 programs you have to rely on the Glib module. You should load the	762	Gtk2 programs you have to rely on the Glib module - you should load the
608	event module before loading AnyEvent or any module that uses it: generally	763	event module before loading AnyEvent or any module that uses it: generally
609	speaking, you should load it as early as possible. The reason is that	764	speaking, you should load it as early as possible. The reason is that
610	modules might create watchers when they are loaded, and AnyEvent will	765	modules might create watchers when they are loaded, and AnyEvent will
611	decide on the event model to use as soon as it creates watchers, and it	766	decide on the event model to use as soon as it creates watchers, and it
612	might chose the wrong one unless you load the correct one yourself.	767	might chose the wrong one unless you load the correct one yourself.
613		768
614	You can chose to use a rather inefficient pure-perl implementation by	769	You can chose to use a pure-perl implementation by loading the
615	loading the C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl> module, which gives you similar	770	C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl> module, which gives you similar behaviour
616	behaviour everywhere, but letting AnyEvent chose is generally better.	771	everywhere, but letting AnyEvent chose the model is generally better.
		772
		773	=head2 MAINLOOP EMULATION
		774
		775	Sometimes (often for short test scripts, or even standalone programs who
		776	only want to use AnyEvent), you do not want to run a specific event loop.
		777
		778	In that case, you can use a condition variable like this:
		779
		780	AnyEvent->condvar->recv;
		781
		782	This has the effect of entering the event loop and looping forever.
		783
		784	Note that usually your program has some exit condition, in which case
		785	it is better to use the "traditional" approach of storing a condition
		786	variable somewhere, waiting for it, and sending it when the program should
		787	exit cleanly.
		788
617		789
618	=head1 OTHER MODULES	790	=head1 OTHER MODULES
619		791
620	The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use	792	The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use
621	AnyEvent and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent modules	793	AnyEvent and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent modules
…		…
627	=item L<AnyEvent::Util>	799	=item L<AnyEvent::Util>
628		800
629	Contains various utility functions that replace often-used but blocking	801	Contains various utility functions that replace often-used but blocking
630	functions such as C<inet_aton> by event-/callback-based versions.	802	functions such as C<inet_aton> by event-/callback-based versions.
631		803
632	=item L<AnyEvent::Handle>
633
634	Provide read and write buffers and manages watchers for reads and writes.
635
636	=item L<AnyEvent::Socket>	804	=item L<AnyEvent::Socket>
637		805
638	Provides various utility functions for (internet protocol) sockets,	806	Provides various utility functions for (internet protocol) sockets,
639	addresses and name resolution. Also functions to create non-blocking tcp	807	addresses and name resolution. Also functions to create non-blocking tcp
640	connections or tcp servers, with IPv6 and SRV record support and more.	808	connections or tcp servers, with IPv6 and SRV record support and more.
641		809
		810	=item L<AnyEvent::Handle>
		811
		812	Provide read and write buffers, manages watchers for reads and writes,
		813	supports raw and formatted I/O, I/O queued and fully transparent and
		814	non-blocking SSL/TLS.
		815
		816	=item L<AnyEvent::DNS>
		817
		818	Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.
		819
		820	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>
		821
		822	A simple-to-use HTTP library that is capable of making a lot of concurrent
		823	HTTP requests.
		824
642	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>	825	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>
643		826
644	Provides a simple web application server framework.	827	Provides a simple web application server framework.
645		828
646	=item L<AnyEvent::DNS>
647
648	Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.
649
650	=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>	829	=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>
651		830
652	The fastest ping in the west.	831	The fastest ping in the west.
653		832
		833	=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
		834
		835	Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process.
		836
		837	=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
		838
		839	Truly asynchronous I/O, should be in the toolbox of every event
		840	programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent
		841	together.
		842
		843	=item L<AnyEvent::BDB>
		844
		845	Truly asynchronous Berkeley DB access. AnyEvent::BDB transparently fuses
		846	L<BDB> and AnyEvent together.
		847
		848	=item L<AnyEvent::GPSD>
		849
		850	A non-blocking interface to gpsd, a daemon delivering GPS information.
		851
		852	=item L<AnyEvent::IGS>
		853
		854	A non-blocking interface to the Internet Go Server protocol (used by
		855	L<App::IGS>).
		856
654	=item L<Net::IRC3>	857	=item L<AnyEvent::IRC>
655		858
656	AnyEvent based IRC client module family.	859	AnyEvent based IRC client module family (replacing the older Net::IRC3).
657		860
658	=item L<Net::XMPP2>	861	=item L<Net::XMPP2>
659		862
660	AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family.	863	AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family.
661		864
…		…
670		873
671	=item L<Coro>	874	=item L<Coro>
672		875
673	Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>.	876	Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>.
674		877
675	=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>, L<IO::AIO>
676
677	Truly asynchronous I/O, should be in the toolbox of every event
678	programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses IO::AIO and AnyEvent
679	together.
680
681	=item L<AnyEvent::BDB>, L<BDB>
682
683	Truly asynchronous Berkeley DB access. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses
684	IO::AIO and AnyEvent together.
685
686	=item L<IO::Lambda>	878	=item L<IO::Lambda>
687		879
688	The lambda approach to I/O - don't ask, look there. Can use AnyEvent.	880	The lambda approach to I/O - don't ask, look there. Can use AnyEvent.
689		881
690	=back	882	=back
…		…
692	=cut	884	=cut
693		885
694	package AnyEvent;	886	package AnyEvent;
695		887
696	no warnings;	888	no warnings;
697	use strict;	889	use strict qw(vars subs);
698		890
699	use Carp;	891	use Carp;
700		892
701	our $VERSION = '3.6';	893	our $VERSION = 4.351;
702	our $MODEL;	894	our $MODEL;
703		895
704	our $AUTOLOAD;	896	our $AUTOLOAD;
705	our @ISA;	897	our @ISA;
706		898
		899	our @REGISTRY;
		900
		901	our $WIN32;
		902
		903	BEGIN {
		904	my $win32 = ! ! ($^O =~ /mswin32/i);
		905	eval "sub WIN32(){ $win32 }";
		906	}
		907
707	our $verbose = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;	908	our $verbose = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;
708		909
709	our @REGISTRY;	910	our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4\|ipv6) => (1\|2), higher numbers are preferred
710
711	our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4\|ipv6) => (1\|2)
712		911
713	{	912	{
714	my $idx;	913	my $idx;
715	$PROTOCOL{$_} = ++$idx	914	$PROTOCOL{$_} = ++$idx
		915	for reverse split /\s,\s/,
716	for split /\s,\s/, $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";	916	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";
717	}	917	}
718		918
719	my @models = (	919	my @models = (
720	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV::],	920	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV::],
721	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::],	921	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::],
722	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::],
723	[Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
724	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
725	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl::],	922	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl::],
726	# everything below here will not be autoprobed as the pureperl backend should work everywhere	923	# everything below here will not be autoprobed
727	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib::],	924	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere
		925	# and is usually faster
		926	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles
		927	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib::], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers
728	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy	928	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy
729	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program	929	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program
730	[POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza	930	[POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza
		931	[Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
		932	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
731	);	933	);
732		934
733	our %method = map +($_ => 1), qw(io timer signal child condvar one_event DESTROY);	935	our %method = map +($_ => 1),
		936	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child condvar one_event DESTROY);
734		937
735	our @post_detect;	938	our @post_detect;
736		939
737	sub post_detect(&) {	940	sub post_detect(&) {
738	my ($cb) = @_;	941	my ($cb) = @_;
…		…
755	}	958	}
756		959
757	sub detect() {	960	sub detect() {
758	unless ($MODEL) {	961	unless ($MODEL) {
759	no strict 'refs';	962	no strict 'refs';
		963	local $SIG{__DIE__};
760		964
761	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {	965	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {
762	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";	966	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
763	if (eval "require $model") {	967	if (eval "require $model") {
764	$MODEL = $model;	968	$MODEL = $model;
…		…
794	last;	998	last;
795	}	999	}
796	}	1000	}
797		1001
798	$MODEL	1002	$MODEL
799	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.";	1003	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";
800	}	1004	}
801	}	1005	}
802		1006
		1007	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
		1008
803	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;	1009	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
804	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";	1010
		1011	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
805		1012
806	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;	1013	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
807	}	1014	}
808		1015
809	$MODEL	1016	$MODEL
…		…
819		1026
820	my $class = shift;	1027	my $class = shift;
821	$class->$func (@_);	1028	$class->$func (@_);
822	}	1029	}
823		1030
		1031	# utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends
		1032	# to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually
		1033	# allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one).
		1034	sub _dupfh($$$$) {
		1035	my ($poll, $fh, $r, $w) = @_;
		1036
		1037	# cygwin requires the fh mode to be matching, unix doesn't
		1038	my ($rw, $mode) = $poll eq "r" ? ($r, "<")
		1039	: $poll eq "w" ? ($w, ">")
		1040	: Carp::croak "AnyEvent->io requires poll set to either 'r' or 'w'";
		1041
		1042	open my $fh2, "$mode&" . fileno $fh
		1043	or die "cannot dup() filehandle: $!,";
		1044
		1045	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases
		1046
		1047	($fh2, $rw)
		1048	}
		1049
824	package AnyEvent::Base;	1050	package AnyEvent::Base;
		1051
		1052	# default implementations for many methods
		1053
		1054	BEGIN {
		1055	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); time (); 1") {
		1056	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;
		1057	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
		1058	} else {
		1059	*_time = sub { time }; # epic fail
		1060	}
		1061	}
		1062
		1063	sub time { _time }
		1064	sub now { _time }
		1065	sub now_update { }
825		1066
826	# default implementation for ->condvar	1067	# default implementation for ->condvar
827		1068
828	sub condvar {	1069	sub condvar {
829	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, AnyEvent::CondVar::	1070	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, AnyEvent::CondVar::
830	}	1071	}
831		1072
832	# default implementation for ->signal	1073	# default implementation for ->signal
833		1074
834	our %SIG_CB;	1075	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);
		1076
		1077	sub _signal_exec {
		1078	sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 4;
		1079
		1080	while (%SIG_EV) {
		1081	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
		1082	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
		1083	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
		1084	}
		1085	}
		1086	}
835		1087
836	sub signal {	1088	sub signal {
837	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1089	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
838		1090
		1091	unless ($SIGPIPE_R) {
		1092	require Fcntl;
		1093
		1094	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
		1095	require AnyEvent::Util;
		1096
		1097	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
		1098	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R) if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1099	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1100	} else {
		1101	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
		1102	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1103	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1104	}
		1105
		1106	$SIGPIPE_R
		1107	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
		1108
		1109	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
		1110	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1111	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1112
		1113	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
		1114	}
		1115
839	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}	1116	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
840	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";	1117	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
841		1118
842	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1119	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
843	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {	1120	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
844	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} \|\| {} };	1121	local $!;
		1122	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
		1123	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
845	};	1124	};
846		1125
847	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::Signal"	1126	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::Signal"
848	}	1127	}
849		1128
850	sub AnyEvent::Base::Signal::DESTROY {	1129	sub AnyEvent::Base::Signal::DESTROY {
851	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1130	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
852		1131
853	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};	1132	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
854		1133
855	$SIG{$signal} = 'DEFAULT' unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };	1134	delete $SIG{$signal} unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
856	}	1135	}
857		1136
858	# default implementation for ->child	1137	# default implementation for ->child
859		1138
860	our %PID_CB;	1139	our %PID_CB;
…		…
887	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";	1166	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";
888		1167
889	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1168	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
890		1169
891	unless ($WNOHANG) {	1170	unless ($WNOHANG) {
892	$WNOHANG = eval { require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;	1171	$WNOHANG = eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;
893	}	1172	}
894		1173
895	unless ($CHLD_W) {	1174	unless ($CHLD_W) {
896	$CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld);	1175	$CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld);
897	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round	1176	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round
…		…
914		1193
915	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;	1194	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;
916		1195
917	package AnyEvent::CondVar::Base;	1196	package AnyEvent::CondVar::Base;
918		1197
		1198	use overload
		1199	'&{}' => sub { my $self = shift; sub { $self->send (@_) } },
		1200	fallback => 1;
		1201
919	sub _send {	1202	sub _send {
920	# nop	1203	# nop
921	}	1204	}
922		1205
923	sub send {	1206	sub send {
…		…
963	}	1246	}
964		1247
965	# undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4	1248	# undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4
966	*broadcast = \&send;	1249	*broadcast = \&send;
967	*wait = \&_wait;	1250	*wait = \&_wait;
		1251
		1252	=head1 ERROR AND EXCEPTION HANDLING
		1253
		1254	In general, AnyEvent does not do any error handling - it relies on the
		1255	caller to do that if required. The L<AnyEvent::Strict> module (see also
		1256	the C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT> environment variable, below) provides strict
		1257	checking of all AnyEvent methods, however, which is highly useful during
		1258	development.
		1259
		1260	As for exception handling (i.e. runtime errors and exceptions thrown while
		1261	executing a callback), this is not only highly event-loop specific, but
		1262	also not in any way wrapped by this module, as this is the job of the main
		1263	program.
		1264
		1265	The pure perl event loop simply re-throws the exception (usually
		1266	within C<< condvar->recv >>), the L<Event> and L<EV> modules call C<<
		1267	$Event/EV::DIED->() >>, L<Glib> uses C<< install_exception_handler >> and
		1268	so on.
		1269
		1270	=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
		1271
		1272	The following environment variables are used by this module or its
		1273	submodules:
		1274
		1275	=over 4
		1276
		1277	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE>
		1278
		1279	By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal
		1280	conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more
		1281	talkative.
		1282
		1283	When set to C<1> or higher, causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected
		1284	conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by
		1285	C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>.
		1286
		1287	When set to C<2> or higher, cause AnyEvent to report to STDERR which event
		1288	model it chooses.
		1289
		1290	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT>
		1291
		1292	AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough
		1293	argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value
		1294	will cause AnyEvent to load C<AnyEvent::Strict> and then to thoroughly
		1295	check the arguments passed to most method calls. If it finds any problems
		1296	it will croak.
		1297
		1298	In other words, enables "strict" mode.
		1299
		1300	Unlike C<use strict>, it is definitely recommended ot keep it off in
		1301	production. Keeping C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while
		1302	developing programs can be very useful, however.
		1303
		1304	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>
		1305
		1306	This can be used to specify the event model to be used by AnyEvent, before
		1307	auto detection and -probing kicks in. It must be a string consisting
		1308	entirely of ASCII letters. The string C<AnyEvent::Impl::> gets prepended
		1309	and the resulting module name is loaded and if the load was successful,
		1310	used as event model. If it fails to load AnyEvent will proceed with
		1311	auto detection and -probing.
		1312
		1313	This functionality might change in future versions.
		1314
		1315	For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) you
		1316	could start your program like this:
		1317
		1318	PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ...
		1319
		1320	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS>
		1321
		1322	Used by both L<AnyEvent::DNS> and L<AnyEvent::Socket> to determine preferences
		1323	for IPv4 or IPv6. The default is unspecified (and might change, or be the result
		1324	of auto probing).
		1325
		1326	Must be set to a comma-separated list of protocols or address families,
		1327	current supported: C<ipv4> and C<ipv6>. Only protocols mentioned will be
		1328	used, and preference will be given to protocols mentioned earlier in the
		1329	list.
		1330
		1331	This variable can effectively be used for denial-of-service attacks
		1332	against local programs (e.g. when setuid), although the impact is likely
		1333	small, as the program has to handle conenction and other failures anyways.
		1334
		1335	Examples: C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4,ipv6> - prefer IPv4 over IPv6,
		1336	but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4>
		1337	- only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6
		1338	addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or
		1339	IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4.
		1340
		1341	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0>
		1342
		1343	Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension
		1344	for DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, but
		1345	some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS packets, which is why it is off by
		1346	default.
		1347
		1348	Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce
		1349	EDNS0 in its DNS requests.
		1350
		1351	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS>
		1352
		1353	The maximum number of child processes that C<AnyEvent::Util::fork_call>
		1354	will create in parallel.
		1355
		1356	=back
968		1357
969	=head1 SUPPLYING YOUR OWN EVENT MODEL INTERFACE	1358	=head1 SUPPLYING YOUR OWN EVENT MODEL INTERFACE
970		1359
971	This is an advanced topic that you do not normally need to use AnyEvent in	1360	This is an advanced topic that you do not normally need to use AnyEvent in
972	a module. This section is only of use to event loop authors who want to	1361	a module. This section is only of use to event loop authors who want to
…		…
1006		1395
1007	I<rxvt-unicode> also cheats a bit by not providing blocking access to	1396	I<rxvt-unicode> also cheats a bit by not providing blocking access to
1008	condition variables: code blocking while waiting for a condition will	1397	condition variables: code blocking while waiting for a condition will
1009	C<die>. This still works with most modules/usages, and blocking calls must	1398	C<die>. This still works with most modules/usages, and blocking calls must
1010	not be done in an interactive application, so it makes sense.	1399	not be done in an interactive application, so it makes sense.
1011
1012	=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
1013
1014	The following environment variables are used by this module:
1015
1016	=over 4
1017
1018	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE>
1019
1020	By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal
1021	conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more
1022	talkative.
1023
1024	When set to C<1> or higher, causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected
1025	conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by
1026	C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>.
1027
1028	When set to C<2> or higher, cause AnyEvent to report to STDERR which event
1029	model it chooses.
1030
1031	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>
1032
1033	This can be used to specify the event model to be used by AnyEvent, before
1034	autodetection and -probing kicks in. It must be a string consisting
1035	entirely of ASCII letters. The string C<AnyEvent::Impl::> gets prepended
1036	and the resulting module name is loaded and if the load was successful,
1037	used as event model. If it fails to load AnyEvent will proceed with
1038	autodetection and -probing.
1039
1040	This functionality might change in future versions.
1041
1042	For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) you
1043	could start your program like this:
1044
1045	PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ...
1046
1047	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS>
1048
1049	Used by both L<AnyEvent::DNS> and L<AnyEvent::Socket> to determine preferences
1050	for IPv4 or IPv6. The default is unspecified (and might change, or be the result
1051	of autoprobing).
1052
1053	Must be set to a comma-separated list of protocols or address families,
1054	current supported: C<ipv4> and C<ipv6>. Only protocols mentioned will be
1055	used, and preference will be given to protocols mentioned earlier in the
1056	list.
1057
1058	This variable can effectively be used for denial-of-service attacks
1059	against local programs (e.g. when setuid), although the impact is likely
1060	small, as the program has to handle connection errors already-
1061
1062	Examples: C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4,ipv6> - prefer IPv4 over IPv6,
1063	but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4>
1064	- only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6
1065	addressses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or
1066	IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4.
1067
1068	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0>
1069
1070	Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide wether to use the EDNS0 extension
1071	for DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, but
1072	some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS packets, which is why it is off by
1073	default.
1074
1075	Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce
1076	EDNS0 in its DNS requests.
1077
1078	=back
1079		1400
1080	=head1 EXAMPLE PROGRAM	1401	=head1 EXAMPLE PROGRAM
1081		1402
1082	The following program uses an I/O watcher to read data from STDIN, a timer	1403	The following program uses an I/O watcher to read data from STDIN, a timer
1083	to display a message once per second, and a condition variable to quit the	1404	to display a message once per second, and a condition variable to quit the
…		…
1167	syswrite $txn->{fh}, $txn->{request}	1488	syswrite $txn->{fh}, $txn->{request}
1168	or die "connection or write error";	1489	or die "connection or write error";
1169	$txn->{w} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $txn->{fh}, poll => 'r', cb => sub { $txn->fh_ready_r });	1490	$txn->{w} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $txn->{fh}, poll => 'r', cb => sub { $txn->fh_ready_r });
1170		1491
1171	Again, C<fh_ready_r> waits till all data has arrived, and then stores the	1492	Again, C<fh_ready_r> waits till all data has arrived, and then stores the
1172	result and signals any possible waiters that the request ahs finished:	1493	result and signals any possible waiters that the request has finished:
1173		1494
1174	sysread $txn->{fh}, $txn->{buf}, length $txn->{$buf};	1495	sysread $txn->{fh}, $txn->{buf}, length $txn->{$buf};
1175		1496
1176	if (end-of-file or data complete) {	1497	if (end-of-file or data complete) {
1177	$txn->{result} = $txn->{buf};	1498	$txn->{result} = $txn->{buf};
…		…
1185		1506
1186	$txn->{finished}->recv;	1507	$txn->{finished}->recv;
1187	return $txn->{result};	1508	return $txn->{result};
1188		1509
1189	The actual code goes further and collects all errors (C<die>s, exceptions)	1510	The actual code goes further and collects all errors (C<die>s, exceptions)
1190	that occured during request processing. The C<result> method detects	1511	that occurred during request processing. The C<result> method detects
1191	whether an exception as thrown (it is stored inside the $txn object)	1512	whether an exception as thrown (it is stored inside the $txn object)
1192	and just throws the exception, which means connection errors and other	1513	and just throws the exception, which means connection errors and other
1193	problems get reported tot he code that tries to use the result, not in a	1514	problems get reported tot he code that tries to use the result, not in a
1194	random callback.	1515	random callback.
1195		1516
…		…
1241	of various event loops I prepared some benchmarks.	1562	of various event loops I prepared some benchmarks.
1242		1563
1243	=head2 BENCHMARKING ANYEVENT OVERHEAD	1564	=head2 BENCHMARKING ANYEVENT OVERHEAD
1244		1565
1245	Here is a benchmark of various supported event models used natively and	1566	Here is a benchmark of various supported event models used natively and
1246	through anyevent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero	1567	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero
1247	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,	1568	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,
1248	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.	1569	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.
1249		1570
1250	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent	1571	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent
1251	distribution.	1572	distribution.
…		…
1277	watcher.	1598	watcher.
1278		1599
1279	=head3 Results	1600	=head3 Results
1280		1601
1281	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment	1602	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment
1282	EV/EV 400000 244 0.56 0.46 0.31 EV native interface	1603	EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface
1283	EV/Any 100000 244 2.50 0.46 0.29 EV + AnyEvent watchers	1604	EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers
1284	CoroEV/Any 100000 244 2.49 0.44 0.29 coroutines + Coro::Signal	1605	CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal
1285	Perl/Any 100000 513 4.92 0.87 1.12 pure perl implementation	1606	Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation
1286	Event/Event 16000 516 31.88 31.30 0.85 Event native interface	1607	Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface
1287	Event/Any 16000 590 35.75 31.42 1.08 Event + AnyEvent watchers	1608	Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers
1288	Glib/Any 16000 1357 98.22 12.41 54.00 quadratic behaviour	1609	Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour
1289	Tk/Any 2000 1860 26.97 67.98 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers	1610	Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers
1290	POE/Event 2000 6644 108.64 736.02 14.73 via POE::Loop::Event	1611	POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event
1291	POE/Select 2000 6343 94.13 809.12 565.96 via POE::Loop::Select	1612	POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select
1292		1613
1293	=head3 Discussion	1614	=head3 Discussion
1294		1615
1295	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very	1616	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very
1296	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)	1617	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)
…		…
1374		1695
1375	=back	1696	=back
1376		1697
1377	=head2 BENCHMARKING THE LARGE SERVER CASE	1698	=head2 BENCHMARKING THE LARGE SERVER CASE
1378		1699
1379	This benchmark atcually benchmarks the event loop itself. It works by	1700	This benchmark actually benchmarks the event loop itself. It works by
1380	creating a number of "servers": each server consists of a socketpair, a	1701	creating a number of "servers": each server consists of a socket pair, a
1381	timeout watcher that gets reset on activity (but never fires), and an I/O	1702	timeout watcher that gets reset on activity (but never fires), and an I/O
1382	watcher waiting for input on one side of the socket. Each time the socket	1703	watcher waiting for input on one side of the socket. Each time the socket
1383	watcher reads a byte it will write that byte to a random other "server".	1704	watcher reads a byte it will write that byte to a random other "server".
1384		1705
1385	The effect is that there will be a lot of I/O watchers, only part of which	1706	The effect is that there will be a lot of I/O watchers, only part of which
1386	are active at any one point (so there is a constant number of active	1707	are active at any one point (so there is a constant number of active
1387	fds for each loop iterstaion, but which fds these are is random). The	1708	fds for each loop iteration, but which fds these are is random). The
1388	timeout is reset each time something is read because that reflects how	1709	timeout is reset each time something is read because that reflects how
1389	most timeouts work (and puts extra pressure on the event loops).	1710	most timeouts work (and puts extra pressure on the event loops).
1390		1711
1391	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socketpairs (20000 sockets), of which 100	1712	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100
1392	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many	1713	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many
1393	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.	1714	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.
1394		1715
1395	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent	1716	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent
1396	distribution.	1717	distribution.
…		…
1398	=head3 Explanation of the columns	1719	=head3 Explanation of the columns
1399		1720
1400	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as	1721	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as
1401	each server has a read and write socket end).	1722	each server has a read and write socket end).
1402		1723
1403	I<create> is the time it takes to create a socketpair (which is	1724	I<create> is the time it takes to create a socket pair (which is
1404	nontrivial) and two watchers: an I/O watcher and a timeout watcher.	1725	nontrivial) and two watchers: an I/O watcher and a timeout watcher.
1405		1726
1406	I<request>, the most important value, is the time it takes to handle a	1727	I<request>, the most important value, is the time it takes to handle a
1407	single "request", that is, reading the token from the pipe and forwarding	1728	single "request", that is, reading the token from the pipe and forwarding
1408	it to another server. This includes deleting the old timeout and creating	1729	it to another server. This includes deleting the old timeout and creating
…		…
1481	speed most when you have lots of watchers, not when you only have a few of	1802	speed most when you have lots of watchers, not when you only have a few of
1482	them).	1803	them).
1483		1804
1484	EV is again fastest.	1805	EV is again fastest.
1485		1806
1486	Perl again comes second. It is noticably faster than the C-based event	1807	Perl again comes second. It is noticeably faster than the C-based event
1487	loops Event and Glib, although the difference is too small to really	1808	loops Event and Glib, although the difference is too small to really
1488	matter.	1809	matter.
1489		1810
1490	POE also performs much better in this case, but is is still far behind the	1811	POE also performs much better in this case, but is is still far behind the
1491	others.	1812	others.
…		…
1496		1817
1497	=item * C-based event loops perform very well with small number of	1818	=item * C-based event loops perform very well with small number of
1498	watchers, as the management overhead dominates.	1819	watchers, as the management overhead dominates.
1499		1820
1500	=back	1821	=back
		1822
		1823
		1824	=head1 SIGNALS
		1825
		1826	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:
		1827
		1828	=over 4
		1829
		1830	=item SIGCHLD
		1831
		1832	A handler for C<SIGCHLD> is installed by AnyEvent's child watcher
		1833	emulation for event loops that do not support them natively. Also, some
		1834	event loops install a similar handler.
		1835
		1836	=item SIGPIPE
		1837
		1838	A no-op handler is installed for C<SIGPIPE> when C<$SIG{PIPE}> is C<undef>
		1839	when AnyEvent gets loaded.
		1840
		1841	The rationale for this is that AnyEvent users usually do not really depend
		1842	on SIGPIPE delivery (which is purely an optimisation for shell use, or
		1843	badly-written programs), but C<SIGPIPE> can cause spurious and rare
		1844	program exits as a lot of people do not expect C<SIGPIPE> when writing to
		1845	some random socket.
		1846
		1847	The rationale for installing a no-op handler as opposed to ignoring it is
		1848	that this way, the handler will be restored to defaults on exec.
		1849
		1850	Feel free to install your own handler, or reset it to defaults.
		1851
		1852	=back
		1853
		1854	=cut
		1855
		1856	$SIG{PIPE} = sub { }
		1857	unless defined $SIG{PIPE};
1501		1858
1502		1859
1503	=head1 FORK	1860	=head1 FORK
1504		1861
1505	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are	1862	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are
…		…
1520	specified in the variable.	1877	specified in the variable.
1521		1878
1522	You can make AnyEvent completely ignore this variable by deleting it	1879	You can make AnyEvent completely ignore this variable by deleting it
1523	before the first watcher gets created, e.g. with a C<BEGIN> block:	1880	before the first watcher gets created, e.g. with a C<BEGIN> block:
1524		1881
1525	BEGIN { delete $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} }	1882	BEGIN { delete $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} }
1526		1883
1527	use AnyEvent;	1884	use AnyEvent;
1528		1885
1529	Similar considerations apply to $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}, as that can	1886	Similar considerations apply to $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}, as that can
1530	be used to probe what backend is used and gain other information (which is	1887	be used to probe what backend is used and gain other information (which is
1531	probably even less useful to an attacker than PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL).	1888	probably even less useful to an attacker than PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL), and
		1889	$ENV{PERL_ANYEGENT_STRICT}.
		1890
		1891
		1892	=head1 BUGS
		1893
		1894	Perl 5.8 has numerous memleaks that sometimes hit this module and are hard
		1895	to work around. If you suffer from memleaks, first upgrade to Perl 5.10
		1896	and check wether the leaks still show up. (Perl 5.10.0 has other annoying
		1897	memleaks, such as leaking on C<map> and C<grep> but it is usually not as
		1898	pronounced).
1532		1899
1533		1900
1534	=head1 SEE ALSO	1901	=head1 SEE ALSO
1535		1902
1536	Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util>.	1903	Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util>.
…		…
1553	Nontrivial usage examples: L<Net::FCP>, L<Net::XMPP2>, L<AnyEvent::DNS>.	1920	Nontrivial usage examples: L<Net::FCP>, L<Net::XMPP2>, L<AnyEvent::DNS>.
1554		1921
1555		1922
1556	=head1 AUTHOR	1923	=head1 AUTHOR
1557		1924
1558	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>	1925	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
1559	http://home.schmorp.de/	1926	http://home.schmorp.de/
1560		1927
1561	=cut	1928	=cut
1562		1929
1563	1	1930	1
1564		1931

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents): Revision 1.127 by root, Sat May 24 01:15:19 2008 UTC vs. Revision 1.205 by root, Sun Apr 19 12:09:46 2009 UTC

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.127 by root, Sat May 24 01:15:19 2008 UTC vs.
Revision 1.205 by root, Sun Apr 19 12:09:46 2009 UTC