… | |
… | |
666 | one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want |
666 | one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want |
667 | to use a condition variable for the whole process. |
667 | to use a condition variable for the whole process. |
668 | |
668 | |
669 | Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to |
669 | Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to |
670 | C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end |
670 | C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end |
671 | >>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback |
671 | >>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed, passing the |
672 | is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no |
672 | condvar as first argument. That callback is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send |
673 | callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments. |
673 | >>, but that is not required. If no group callback was set, C<send> will |
|
|
674 | be called without any arguments. |
674 | |
675 | |
675 | You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call |
676 | You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call |
676 | sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND |
677 | sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND |
677 | condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends). |
678 | condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends). |
678 | |
679 | |
… | |
… | |
705 | begung can potentially be zero: |
706 | begung can potentially be zero: |
706 | |
707 | |
707 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
708 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
708 | |
709 | |
709 | my %result; |
710 | my %result; |
710 | $cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) }); |
711 | $cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) }); |
711 | |
712 | |
712 | for my $host (@list_of_hosts) { |
713 | for my $host (@list_of_hosts) { |
713 | $cv->begin; |
714 | $cv->begin; |
714 | ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub { |
715 | ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub { |
715 | $result{$host} = ...; |
716 | $result{$host} = ...; |
… | |
… | |
806 | =over 4 |
807 | =over 4 |
807 | |
808 | |
808 | =item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found. |
809 | =item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found. |
809 | |
810 | |
810 | EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in |
811 | EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in |
811 | use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will try Event, and, failing |
812 | use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own |
812 | that, will fall back to its own pure-perl implementation, which is |
813 | pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with |
813 | available everywhere as it comes with AnyEvent itself. |
814 | AnyEvent itself. |
814 | |
815 | |
815 | AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice). |
816 | AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice). |
816 | AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches. |
|
|
817 | AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable. |
817 | AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable. |
818 | |
818 | |
819 | =item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used. |
819 | =item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used. |
820 | |
820 | |
821 | These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher |
821 | These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher |
822 | is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using |
822 | is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using |
823 | them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend |
823 | them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend |
824 | when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to |
824 | when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to |
825 | create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program. |
825 | create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program. |
826 | |
826 | |
|
|
827 | AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches. |
827 | AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable. |
828 | AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable. |
828 | AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken. |
829 | AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken. |
829 | AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. |
830 | AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. |
830 | AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. |
831 | AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. |
831 | AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi. |
832 | AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi. |
… | |
… | |
1115 | |
1116 | |
1116 | BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } |
1117 | BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } |
1117 | |
1118 | |
1118 | use Carp (); |
1119 | use Carp (); |
1119 | |
1120 | |
1120 | our $VERSION = 4.92; |
1121 | our $VERSION = '5.01'; |
1121 | our $MODEL; |
1122 | our $MODEL; |
1122 | |
1123 | |
1123 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
1124 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
1124 | our @ISA; |
1125 | our @ISA; |
1125 | |
1126 | |
… | |
… | |
1151 | $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; |
1152 | $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; |
1152 | } |
1153 | } |
1153 | |
1154 | |
1154 | my @models = ( |
1155 | my @models = ( |
1155 | [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1], |
1156 | [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1], |
1156 | [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1], |
|
|
1157 | [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1], |
1157 | [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1], |
1158 | # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed |
1158 | # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed |
1159 | # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere |
1159 | # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere |
1160 | # and is usually faster |
1160 | # and is usually faster |
|
|
1161 | [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1], |
1161 | [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers |
1162 | [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers |
1162 | [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy |
1163 | [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy |
1163 | [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package |
1164 | [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package |
1164 | [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles |
1165 | [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles |
1165 | [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program |
1166 | [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program |
… | |
… | |
1168 | [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1169 | [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1169 | # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its |
1170 | # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its |
1170 | # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others. |
1171 | # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others. |
1171 | # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any |
1172 | # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any |
1172 | # obvious default class. |
1173 | # obvious default class. |
1173 | # [0, IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1174 | [IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1174 | # [0, IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1175 | [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1175 | # [0, IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1176 | [IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
|
|
1177 | [AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1176 | ); |
1178 | ); |
1177 | |
1179 | |
1178 | our %method = map +($_ => 1), |
1180 | our %method = map +($_ => 1), |
1179 | qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY); |
1181 | qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY); |
1180 | |
1182 | |
… | |
… | |
1287 | # we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases |
1289 | # we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases |
1288 | |
1290 | |
1289 | ($fh2, $rw) |
1291 | ($fh2, $rw) |
1290 | } |
1292 | } |
1291 | |
1293 | |
1292 | ############################################################################# |
1294 | =head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API |
1293 | # "new" API, currently only emulation of it |
1295 | |
1294 | ############################################################################# |
1296 | Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much |
|
|
1297 | simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory |
|
|
1298 | overhead. |
|
|
1299 | |
|
|
1300 | See the L<AE> manpage for details. |
|
|
1301 | |
|
|
1302 | =cut |
1295 | |
1303 | |
1296 | package AE; |
1304 | package AE; |
1297 | |
1305 | |
1298 | our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION; |
1306 | our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION; |
1299 | |
1307 | |
1300 | sub io($$$) { |
1308 | sub io($$$) { |
1301 | AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2]) |
1309 | AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2]) |
1302 | } |
1310 | } |
1303 | |
1311 | |
1304 | sub timer($$$) { |
1312 | sub timer($$$) { |
1305 | AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2]); |
1313 | AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2]) |
1306 | } |
1314 | } |
1307 | |
1315 | |
1308 | sub signal($$) { |
1316 | sub signal($$) { |
1309 | AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1]); |
1317 | AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) |
1310 | } |
1318 | } |
1311 | |
1319 | |
1312 | sub child($$) { |
1320 | sub child($$) { |
1313 | AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1]); |
1321 | AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) |
1314 | } |
1322 | } |
1315 | |
1323 | |
1316 | sub idle($) { |
1324 | sub idle($) { |
1317 | AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0]); |
1325 | AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0]) |
1318 | } |
1326 | } |
1319 | |
1327 | |
1320 | sub cv(;&) { |
1328 | sub cv(;&) { |
1321 | AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ()) |
1329 | AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ()) |
1322 | } |
1330 | } |
… | |
… | |
2054 | through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero |
2062 | through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero |
2055 | timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable, |
2063 | timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable, |
2056 | which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again. |
2064 | which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again. |
2057 | |
2065 | |
2058 | Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent |
2066 | Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent |
2059 | distribution. |
2067 | distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference |
|
|
2068 | for the EV and Perl backends only. |
2060 | |
2069 | |
2061 | =head3 Explanation of the columns |
2070 | =head3 Explanation of the columns |
2062 | |
2071 | |
2063 | I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since |
2072 | I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since |
2064 | different event models feature vastly different performances, each event |
2073 | different event models feature vastly different performances, each event |
… | |
… | |
2085 | watcher. |
2094 | watcher. |
2086 | |
2095 | |
2087 | =head3 Results |
2096 | =head3 Results |
2088 | |
2097 | |
2089 | name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment |
2098 | name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment |
2090 | EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface |
2099 | EV/EV 100000 223 0.47 0.43 0.27 EV native interface |
2091 | EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers |
2100 | EV/Any 100000 223 0.48 0.42 0.26 EV + AnyEvent watchers |
2092 | CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal |
2101 | Coro::EV/Any 100000 223 0.47 0.42 0.26 coroutines + Coro::Signal |
2093 | Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation |
2102 | Perl/Any 100000 431 2.70 0.74 0.92 pure perl implementation |
2094 | Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface |
2103 | Event/Event 16000 516 31.16 31.84 0.82 Event native interface |
2095 | Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers |
2104 | Event/Any 16000 1203 42.61 34.79 1.80 Event + AnyEvent watchers |
2096 | IOAsync/Any 16000 989 38.10 32.77 11.13 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll |
2105 | IOAsync/Any 16000 1911 41.92 27.45 16.81 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll |
2097 | IOAsync/Any 16000 990 37.59 29.50 10.61 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll |
2106 | IOAsync/Any 16000 1726 40.69 26.37 15.25 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll |
2098 | Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour |
2107 | Glib/Any 16000 1118 89.00 12.57 51.17 quadratic behaviour |
2099 | Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers |
2108 | Tk/Any 2000 1346 20.96 10.75 8.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers |
2100 | POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event |
2109 | POE/Any 2000 6951 108.97 795.32 14.24 via POE::Loop::Event |
2101 | POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select |
2110 | POE/Any 2000 6648 94.79 774.40 575.51 via POE::Loop::Select |
2102 | |
2111 | |
2103 | =head3 Discussion |
2112 | =head3 Discussion |
2104 | |
2113 | |
2105 | The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very |
2114 | The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very |
2106 | well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one) |
2115 | well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one) |
… | |
… | |
2118 | benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with |
2127 | benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with |
2119 | EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU |
2128 | EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU |
2120 | cycles with POE. |
2129 | cycles with POE. |
2121 | |
2130 | |
2122 | C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both |
2131 | C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both |
2123 | maximal/minimal, respectively. Even when going through AnyEvent, it uses |
2132 | maximal/minimal, respectively. When using the L<AE> API there is zero |
|
|
2133 | overhead (when going through the AnyEvent API create is about 5-6 times |
|
|
2134 | slower, with other times being equal, so still uses far less memory than |
2124 | far less memory than any other event loop and is still faster than Event |
2135 | any other event loop and is still faster than Event natively). |
2125 | natively. |
|
|
2126 | |
2136 | |
2127 | The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the |
2137 | The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the |
2128 | constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl |
2138 | constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl |
2129 | interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it |
2139 | interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it |
2130 | adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its |
2140 | adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its |
… | |
… | |
2204 | In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100 |
2214 | In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100 |
2205 | (1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many |
2215 | (1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many |
2206 | connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time. |
2216 | connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time. |
2207 | |
2217 | |
2208 | Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent |
2218 | Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent |
2209 | distribution. |
2219 | distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference |
|
|
2220 | for the EV and Perl backends only. |
2210 | |
2221 | |
2211 | =head3 Explanation of the columns |
2222 | =head3 Explanation of the columns |
2212 | |
2223 | |
2213 | I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as |
2224 | I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as |
2214 | each server has a read and write socket end). |
2225 | each server has a read and write socket end). |
… | |
… | |
2222 | a new one that moves the timeout into the future. |
2233 | a new one that moves the timeout into the future. |
2223 | |
2234 | |
2224 | =head3 Results |
2235 | =head3 Results |
2225 | |
2236 | |
2226 | name sockets create request |
2237 | name sockets create request |
2227 | EV 20000 69.01 11.16 |
2238 | EV 20000 62.66 7.99 |
2228 | Perl 20000 73.32 35.87 |
2239 | Perl 20000 68.32 32.64 |
2229 | IOAsync 20000 157.00 98.14 epoll |
2240 | IOAsync 20000 174.06 101.15 epoll |
2230 | IOAsync 20000 159.31 616.06 poll |
2241 | IOAsync 20000 174.67 610.84 poll |
2231 | Event 20000 212.62 257.32 |
2242 | Event 20000 202.69 242.91 |
2232 | Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30 |
2243 | Glib 20000 557.01 1689.52 |
2233 | POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event |
2244 | POE 20000 341.54 12086.32 uses POE::Loop::Event |
2234 | |
2245 | |
2235 | =head3 Discussion |
2246 | =head3 Discussion |
2236 | |
2247 | |
2237 | This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the |
2248 | This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the |
2238 | particular event loop. |
2249 | particular event loop. |