[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.251 by root, Mon Jul 20 22:39:57 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.317 by root, Wed Mar 24 21:22:57 2010 UTC

…		…
1	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
2		2
3	AnyEvent - events independent of event loop implementation	3	AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming
4		4
5	EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Qt and POE are various supported	5	EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt
6	event loops.	6	and POE are various supported event loops/environments.
7		7
8	=head1 SYNOPSIS	8	=head1 SYNOPSIS
9		9
10	use AnyEvent;	10	use AnyEvent;
11		11
47		47
48	There is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC	48	There is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC
49	channel, too.	49	channel, too.
50		50
51	See the AnyEvent project page at the B<Schmorpforge Ta-Sa Software	51	See the AnyEvent project page at the B<Schmorpforge Ta-Sa Software
52	Respository>, at L<http://anyevent.schmorp.de>, for more info.	52	Repository>, at L<http://anyevent.schmorp.de>, for more info.
53		53
54	=head1 WHY YOU SHOULD USE THIS MODULE (OR NOT)	54	=head1 WHY YOU SHOULD USE THIS MODULE (OR NOT)
55		55
56	Glib, POE, IO::Async, Event... CPAN offers event models by the dozen	56	Glib, POE, IO::Async, Event... CPAN offers event models by the dozen
57	nowadays. So what is different about AnyEvent?	57	nowadays. So what is different about AnyEvent?
…		…
181	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are	181	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are
182	declared.	182	declared.
183		183
184	=head2 I/O WATCHERS	184	=head2 I/O WATCHERS
185		185
		186	$w = AnyEvent->io (
		187	fh => <filehandle_or_fileno>,
		188	poll => <"r" or "w">,
		189	cb => <callback>,
		190	);
		191
186	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method	192	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method
187	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:	193	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:
188		194
189	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch	195	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch
190	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file	196	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file
…		…
219	undef $w;	225	undef $w;
220	});	226	});
221		227
222	=head2 TIME WATCHERS	228	=head2 TIME WATCHERS
223		229
		230	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => <seconds>, cb => <callback>);
		231
		232	$w = AnyEvent->timer (
		233	after => <fractional_seconds>,
		234	interval => <fractional_seconds>,
		235	cb => <callback>,
		236	);
		237
224	You can create a time watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->timer >>	238	You can create a time watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->timer >>
225	method with the following mandatory arguments:	239	method with the following mandatory arguments:
226		240
227	C<after> specifies after how many seconds (fractional values are	241	C<after> specifies after how many seconds (fractional values are
228	supported) the callback should be invoked. C<cb> is the callback to invoke	242	supported) the callback should be invoked. C<cb> is the callback to invoke
…		…
349	might affect timers and time-outs.	363	might affect timers and time-outs.
350		364
351	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the	365	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the
352	event loop's idea of "current time".	366	event loop's idea of "current time".
353		367
		368	A typical example would be a script in a web server (e.g. C<mod_perl>) -
		369	when mod_perl executes the script, then the event loop will have the wrong
		370	idea about the "current time" (being potentially far in the past, when the
		371	script ran the last time). In that case you should arrange a call to C<<
		372	AnyEvent->now_update >> each time the web server process wakes up again
		373	(e.g. at the start of your script, or in a handler).
		374
354	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.	375	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.
355		376
356	=back	377	=back
357		378
358	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS	379	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS
		380
		381	$w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => <uppercase_signal_name>, cb => <callback>);
359		382
360	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal	383	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal
361	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl	384	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl
362	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.	385	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.
363		386
…		…
380		403
381	Example: exit on SIGINT	404	Example: exit on SIGINT
382		405
383	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });	406	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });
384		407
		408	=head3 Restart Behaviour
		409
		410	While restart behaviour is up to the event loop implementation, most will
		411	not restart syscalls (that includes L<Async::Interrupt> and AnyEvent's
		412	pure perl implementation).
		413
		414	=head3 Safe/Unsafe Signals
		415
		416	Perl signals can be either "safe" (synchronous to opcode handling) or
		417	"unsafe" (asynchronous) - the former might get delayed indefinitely, the
		418	latter might corrupt your memory.
		419
		420	AnyEvent signal handlers are, in addition, synchronous to the event loop,
		421	i.e. they will not interrupt your running perl program but will only be
		422	called as part of the normal event handling (just like timer, I/O etc.
		423	callbacks, too).
		424
385	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds	425	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds
386		426
387	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching	427	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching
388	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot do	428	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot
389	race-free signal handling in perl. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, but	429	do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for
		430	this. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, which means in some cases,
390	in some cases, signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might	431	signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is
391	be delayed is specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10	432	specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This
392	seconds). This variable can be changed only before the first signal	433	variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created,
393	watcher is created, and should be left alone otherwise. Higher values	434	and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often
		435	AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values
394	will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU	436	will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU
		437	saving.
		438
395	saving. All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional	439	All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional
396	L<Async::Interrupt> module. This will not work with inherently broken	440	L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not
397	event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib> (and not with L<POE>	441	work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib>
398	currently, as POE does it's own workaround with one-second latency). With	442	(and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does it's own workaround with
399	those, you just have to suffer the delays.	443	one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays.
400		444
401	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS	445	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
402		446
		447	$w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>);
		448
403	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.	449	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.
404		450
405	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (if set to C<0>, it	451	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends,
406	watches for any child process exit). The watcher will triggered only when	452	using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will
407	the child process has finished and an exit status is available, not on	453	croak). The watcher will be triggered only when the child process has
408	any trace events (stopped/continued).	454	finished and an exit status is available, not on any trace events
		455	(stopped/continued).
409		456
410	The callback will be called with the pid and exit status (as returned by	457	The callback will be called with the pid and exit status (as returned by
411	waitpid), so unlike other watcher types, you I<can> rely on child watcher	458	waitpid), so unlike other watcher types, you I<can> rely on child watcher
412	callback arguments.	459	callback arguments.
413		460
…		…
454	# do something else, then wait for process exit	501	# do something else, then wait for process exit
455	$done->recv;	502	$done->recv;
456		503
457	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS	504	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS
458		505
459	Sometimes there is a need to do something, but it is not so important	506	$w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>);
460	to do it instantly, but only when there is nothing better to do. This
461	"nothing better to do" is usually defined to be "no other events need
462	attention by the event loop".
463		507
464	Idle watchers ideally get invoked when the event loop has nothing	508	Repeatedly invoke the callback after the process becomes idle, until
465	better to do, just before it would block the process to wait for new	509	either the watcher is destroyed or new events have been detected.
466	events. Instead of blocking, the idle watcher is invoked.
467		510
468	Most event loops unfortunately do not really support idle watchers (only	511	Idle watchers are useful when there is a need to do something, but it
		512	is not so important (or wise) to do it instantly. The callback will be
		513	invoked only when there is "nothing better to do", which is usually
		514	defined as "all outstanding events have been handled and no new events
		515	have been detected". That means that idle watchers ideally get invoked
		516	when the event loop has just polled for new events but none have been
		517	detected. Instead of blocking to wait for more events, the idle watchers
		518	will be invoked.
		519
		520	Unfortunately, most event loops do not really support idle watchers (only
469	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent	521	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent
470	will simply call the callback "from time to time".	522	will simply call the callback "from time to time".
471		523
472	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the	524	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the
473	program is otherwise idle:	525	program is otherwise idle:
…		…
489	});	541	});
490	});	542	});
491		543
492	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES	544	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES
493		545
		546	$cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
		547
		548	$cv->send (<list>);
		549	my @res = $cv->recv;
		550
494	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them	551	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them
495	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that	552	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that
496	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.	553	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.
497		554
498	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event	555	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event
…		…
562	after => 1,	619	after => 1,
563	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },	620	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },
564	);	621	);
565		622
566	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback	623	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback
567	# calls -<send	624	# calls ->send
568	$result_ready->recv;	625	$result_ready->recv;
569		626
570	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition	627	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition
571	variables are also callable directly.	628	variables are also callable directly.
572		629
…		…
636	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want	693	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want
637	to use a condition variable for the whole process.	694	to use a condition variable for the whole process.
638		695
639	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to	696	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to
640	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end	697	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end
641	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback	698	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed, passing the
642	is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no	699	condvar as first argument. That callback is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send
643	callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments.	700	>>, but that is not required. If no group callback was set, C<send> will
		701	be called without any arguments.
644		702
645	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call	703	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call
646	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND	704	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND
647	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).	705	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).
648		706
…		…
675	begung can potentially be zero:	733	begung can potentially be zero:
676		734
677	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	735	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
678		736
679	my %result;	737	my %result;
680	$cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) });	738	$cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) });
681		739
682	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {	740	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {
683	$cv->begin;	741	$cv->begin;
684	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {	742	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {
685	$result{$host} = ...;	743	$result{$host} = ...;
…		…
760	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))	818	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))
761		819
762	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally	820	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally
763	replaces it before doing so.	821	replaces it before doing so.
764		822
765	The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when	823	The callback will be called when the condition becomes (or already was)
766	C<send> or C<croak> are called, with the only argument being the condition	824	"true", i.e. when C<send> or C<croak> are called (or were called), with
767	variable itself. Calling C<recv> inside the callback or at any later time	825	the only argument being the condition variable itself. Calling C<recv>
768	is guaranteed not to block.	826	inside the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block.
769		827
770	=back	828	=back
771		829
772	=head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS	830	=head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS
773		831
…		…
776	=over 4	834	=over 4
777		835
778	=item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found.	836	=item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found.
779		837
780	EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in	838	EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in
781	use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will try Event, and, failing	839	use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own
782	that, will fall back to its own pure-perl implementation, which is	840	pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with
783	available everywhere as it comes with AnyEvent itself.	841	AnyEvent itself.
784		842
785	AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).	843	AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).
786	AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches.
787	AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.	844	AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.
788		845
789	=item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.	846	=item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.
790		847
791	These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher	848	These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher
792	is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using	849	is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using
793	them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend	850	them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend
794	when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to	851	when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to
795	create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.	852	create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.
796		853
		854	AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches.
797	AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.	855	AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.
798	AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.	856	AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.
799	AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.	857	AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.
800	AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.	858	AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.
		859	AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.
801		860
802	=item Backends with special needs.	861	=item Backends with special needs.
803		862
804	Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will	863	Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will
805	otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program	864	otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program
…		…
879	event module detection too early, for example, L<AnyEvent::AIO> creates	938	event module detection too early, for example, L<AnyEvent::AIO> creates
880	and installs the global L<IO::AIO> watcher in a C<post_detect> block to	939	and installs the global L<IO::AIO> watcher in a C<post_detect> block to
881	avoid autodetecting the event module at load time.	940	avoid autodetecting the event module at load time.
882		941
883	If called in scalar or list context, then it creates and returns an object	942	If called in scalar or list context, then it creates and returns an object
884	that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed. See	943	that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed (or
		944	C<undef> when the hook was immediately executed). See L<AnyEvent::AIO> for
885	L<Coro::BDB> for a case where this is useful.	945	a case where this is useful.
		946
		947	Example: Create a watcher for the IO::AIO module and store it in
		948	C<$WATCHER>. Only do so after the event loop is initialised, though.
		949
		950	our WATCHER;
		951
		952	my $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect {
		953	$WATCHER = AnyEvent->io (fh => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, poll => 'r', cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
		954	};
		955
		956	# the \|\|= is important in case post_detect immediately runs the block,
		957	# as to not clobber the newly-created watcher. assigning both watcher and
		958	# post_detect guard to the same variable has the advantage of users being
		959	# able to just C<undef $WATCHER> if the watcher causes them grief.
		960
		961	$WATCHER \|\|= $guard;
886		962
887	=item @AnyEvent::post_detect	963	=item @AnyEvent::post_detect
888		964
889	If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it	965	If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it
890	before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will called directly after	966	before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will called directly after
…		…
893	You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:	969	You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:
894	if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the	970	if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the
895	array will be ignored.	971	array will be ignored.
896		972
897	Best use C<AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }> when your application allows	973	Best use C<AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }> when your application allows
898	it,as it takes care of these details.	974	it, as it takes care of these details.
899		975
900	This variable is mainly useful for modules that can do something useful	976	This variable is mainly useful for modules that can do something useful
901	when AnyEvent is used and thus want to know when it is initialised, but do	977	when AnyEvent is used and thus want to know when it is initialised, but do
902	not need to even load it by default. This array provides the means to hook	978	not need to even load it by default. This array provides the means to hook
903	into AnyEvent passively, without loading it.	979	into AnyEvent passively, without loading it.
		980
		981	Example: To load Coro::AnyEvent whenever Coro and AnyEvent are used
		982	together, you could put this into Coro (this is the actual code used by
		983	Coro to accomplish this):
		984
		985	if (defined $AnyEvent::MODEL) {
		986	# AnyEvent already initialised, so load Coro::AnyEvent
		987	require Coro::AnyEvent;
		988	} else {
		989	# AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent
		990	# as soon as it is
		991	push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent };
		992	}
904		993
905	=back	994	=back
906		995
907	=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE	996	=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE
908		997
…		…
1057		1146
1058	package AnyEvent;	1147	package AnyEvent;
1059		1148
1060	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense	1149	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense
1061	sub common_sense {	1150	sub common_sense {
1062	# no warnings	1151	# from common:.sense 1.0
1063	${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS};	1152	${^WARNING_BITS} = "\xfc\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf3\xcf\xc0\xf3\xfc\x33\x00";
1064	# use strict vars subs	1153	# use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl)
1065	$^H \|= 0x00000600;	1154	$^H \|= 0x00000600;
1066	}	1155	}
1067		1156
1068	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }	1157	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1069		1158
1070	use Carp ();	1159	use Carp ();
1071		1160
1072	our $VERSION = 4.86;	1161	our $VERSION = '5.251';
1073	our $MODEL;	1162	our $MODEL;
1074		1163
1075	our $AUTOLOAD;	1164	our $AUTOLOAD;
1076	our @ISA;	1165	our @ISA;
1077		1166
1078	our @REGISTRY;	1167	our @REGISTRY;
1079		1168
1080	our $WIN32;
1081
1082	our $VERBOSE;	1169	our $VERBOSE;
1083		1170
1084	BEGIN {	1171	BEGIN {
1085	eval "sub WIN32(){ " . (($^O =~ /mswin32/i)*1) ." }";	1172	require "AnyEvent/constants.pl";
		1173
1086	eval "sub TAINT(){ " . (${^TAINT}*1) . " }";	1174	eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}";
1087		1175
1088	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}	1176	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}
1089	if ${^TAINT};	1177	if ${^TAINT};
1090		1178
1091	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;	1179	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;
…		…
1102	for reverse split /\s,\s/,	1190	for reverse split /\s,\s/,
1103	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";	1191	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";
1104	}	1192	}
1105		1193
1106	my @models = (	1194	my @models = (
1107	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV::],	1195	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1],
1108	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::],
1109	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl::],	1196	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],
1110	# everything below here will not be autoprobed	1197	# everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed
1111	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere	1198	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere
1112	# and is usually faster	1199	# and is usually faster
		1200	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1],
1113	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib::], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers	1201	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers
1114	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy	1202	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy
		1203	[Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package
1115	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles	1204	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles
1116	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program	1205	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program
1117	[POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza	1206	[POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza
1118	[Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],	1207	[Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1119	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],	1208	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1120	# IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its	1209	# IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its
1121	# byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.	1210	# byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.
1122	# IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any	1211	# IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any
1123	# obvious default class.	1212	# obvious default class.
1124	# [IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1213	[IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1125	# [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1214	[IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1126	# [IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1215	[IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
		1216	[AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1127	);	1217	);
1128		1218
1129	our %method = map +($_ => 1),	1219	our %method = map +($_ => 1),
1130	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);	1220	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);
1131		1221
1132	our @post_detect;	1222	our @post_detect;
1133		1223
1134	sub post_detect(&) {	1224	sub post_detect(&) {
1135	my ($cb) = @_;	1225	my ($cb) = @_;
1136		1226
1137	if ($MODEL) {
1138	$cb->();
1139
1140	1
1141	} else {
1142	push @post_detect, $cb;	1227	push @post_detect, $cb;
1143		1228
1144	defined wantarray	1229	defined wantarray
1145	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"	1230	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
1146	: ()	1231	: ()
1147	}
1148	}	1232	}
1149		1233
1150	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {	1234	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {
1151	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;	1235	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;
1152	}	1236	}
1153		1237
1154	sub detect() {	1238	sub detect() {
		1239	# free some memory
		1240	*detect = sub () { $MODEL };
		1241
		1242	local $!; # for good measure
		1243	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		1244
		1245	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {
		1246	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
		1247	if (eval "require $model") {
		1248	$MODEL = $model;
		1249	warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
		1250	} else {
		1251	warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE;
		1252	}
		1253	}
		1254
		1255	# check for already loaded models
1155	unless ($MODEL) {	1256	unless ($MODEL) {
1156	local $SIG{__DIE__};	1257	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1157		1258	my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1158	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {	1259	if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {
1159	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
1160	if (eval "require $model") {	1260	if (eval "require $model") {
1161	$MODEL = $model;	1261	$MODEL = $model;
1162	warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;	1262	warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1163	} else {	1263	last;
1164	warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE;	1264	}
1165	}	1265	}
1166	}	1266	}
1167		1267
1168	# check for already loaded models
1169	unless ($MODEL) {	1268	unless ($MODEL) {
		1269	# try to autoload a model
1170	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {	1270	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1171	my ($package, $model) = @$_;	1271	my ($package, $model, $autoload) = @$_;
		1272	if (
		1273	$autoload
		1274	and eval "require $package"
1172	if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {	1275	and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1173	if (eval "require $model") {	1276	and eval "require $model"
		1277	) {
1174	$MODEL = $model;	1278	$MODEL = $model;
1175	warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;	1279	warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1176	last;	1280	last;
1177	}
1178	}	1281	}
1179	}	1282	}
1180		1283
1181	unless ($MODEL) {
1182	# try to load a model
1183
1184	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1185	my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1186	if (eval "require $package"
1187	and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1188	and eval "require $model") {
1189	$MODEL = $model;
1190	warn "AnyEvent: autoprobed model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1191	last;
1192	}
1193	}
1194
1195	$MODEL	1284	$MODEL
1196	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";	1285	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";
1197	}
1198	}	1286	}
1199
1200	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
1201
1202	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
1203
1204	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
1205
1206	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
1207	}	1287	}
		1288
		1289	@models = (); # free probe data
		1290
		1291	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
		1292	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
		1293
		1294	# now nuke some methods that are overriden by the backend.
		1295	# SUPER is not allowed.
		1296	for (qw(time signal child idle)) {
		1297	undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"}
		1298	if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"};
		1299	}
		1300
		1301	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
		1302
		1303	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
		1304
		1305	*post_detect = sub(&) {
		1306	shift->();
		1307
		1308	undef
		1309	};
1208		1310
1209	$MODEL	1311	$MODEL
1210	}	1312	}
1211		1313
1212	sub AUTOLOAD {	1314	sub AUTOLOAD {
1213	(my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://;	1315	(my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://;
1214		1316
1215	$method{$func}	1317	$method{$func}
1216	or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid method for AnyEvent objects";	1318	or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid AnyEvent class method";
1217		1319
1218	detect unless $MODEL;	1320	detect;
1219		1321
1220	my $class = shift;	1322	my $class = shift;
1221	$class->$func (@_);	1323	$class->$func (@_);
1222	}	1324	}
1223		1325
…		…
1236	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases	1338	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases
1237		1339
1238	($fh2, $rw)	1340	($fh2, $rw)
1239	}	1341	}
1240		1342
		1343	=head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API
		1344
		1345	Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much
		1346	simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory
		1347	overhead.
		1348
		1349	See the L<AE> manpage for details.
		1350
		1351	=cut
		1352
		1353	package AE;
		1354
		1355	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		1356
		1357	sub io($$$) {
		1358	AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])
		1359	}
		1360
		1361	sub timer($$$) {
		1362	AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2])
		1363	}
		1364
		1365	sub signal($$) {
		1366	AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
		1367	}
		1368
		1369	sub child($$) {
		1370	AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
		1371	}
		1372
		1373	sub idle($) {
		1374	AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0])
		1375	}
		1376
		1377	sub cv(;&) {
		1378	AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ())
		1379	}
		1380
		1381	sub now() {
		1382	AnyEvent->now
		1383	}
		1384
		1385	sub now_update() {
		1386	AnyEvent->now_update
		1387	}
		1388
		1389	sub time() {
		1390	AnyEvent->time
		1391	}
		1392
1241	package AnyEvent::Base;	1393	package AnyEvent::Base;
1242		1394
1243	# default implementations for many methods	1395	# default implementations for many methods
1244		1396
1245	sub _time {	1397	sub time {
		1398	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1246	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes	1399	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes
1247	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {	1400	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
1248	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;	1401	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1249	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;	1402	*AE::time = \&Time::HiRes::time;
1250	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...	1403	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
1251	} else {	1404	} else {
1252	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;	1405	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;
1253	*_time = sub { time }; # epic fail	1406	*AE::time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail
		1407	}
		1408
		1409	*time = sub { AE::time }; # different prototypes
1254	}	1410	};
		1411	die if $@;
1255		1412
1256	&_time	1413	&time
1257	}	1414	}
1258		1415
1259	sub time { _time }	1416	*now = \&time;
1260	sub now { _time }	1417
1261	sub now_update { }	1418	sub now_update { }
1262		1419
1263	# default implementation for ->condvar	1420	# default implementation for ->condvar
1264		1421
1265	sub condvar {	1422	sub condvar {
		1423	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1424	*condvar = sub {
1266	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"	1425	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
		1426	};
		1427
		1428	*AE::cv = sub (;&) {
		1429	bless { @_ ? (_ae_cb => shift) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
		1430	};
		1431	};
		1432	die if $@;
		1433
		1434	&condvar
1267	}	1435	}
1268		1436
1269	# default implementation for ->signal	1437	# default implementation for ->signal
1270		1438
1271	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;	1439	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
		1440
		1441	sub _have_async_interrupt() {
		1442	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT}
		1443	&& eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.02 (); 1")
		1444	unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
		1445
		1446	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1447	}
		1448
1272	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);	1449	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);
1273	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);	1450	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);
1274	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);	1451	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);
1275		1452
1276	sub _signal_exec {
1277	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1278	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain
1279	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 9;
1280
1281	while (%SIG_EV) {
1282	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
1283	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
1284	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
1285	}
1286	}
1287	}
1288
1289	# install a dumym wakeupw atcher to reduce signal catching latency	1453	# install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency
		1454	# used by Impls
1290	sub _sig_add() {	1455	sub _sig_add() {
1291	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {	1456	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {
1292	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible	1457	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible
1293	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;	1458	my $NOW = AE::now;
1294		1459
1295	$SIG_TW = AnyEvent->timer (	1460	$SIG_TW = AE::timer
1296	after => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW),	1461	$MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW),
1297	interval => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,	1462	$MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,
1298	cb => sub { }, # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK	1463	sub { } # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK
1299	);	1464	;
1300	}	1465	}
1301	}	1466	}
1302		1467
1303	sub _sig_del {	1468	sub _sig_del {
1304	undef $SIG_TW	1469	undef $SIG_TW
1305	unless --$SIG_COUNT;	1470	unless --$SIG_COUNT;
1306	}	1471	}
1307		1472
		1473	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {
		1474	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1475	undef $_sig_name_init;
		1476
		1477	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
		1478	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;
		1479	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;
		1480	} else {
		1481	require Config;
		1482
		1483	my %signame2num;
		1484	@signame2num{ split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_name} }
		1485	= split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_num};
		1486
		1487	my @signum2name;
		1488	@signum2name[values %signame2num] = keys %signame2num;
		1489
		1490	*sig2num = sub($) {
		1491	$_[0] > 0 ? shift : $signame2num{+shift}
		1492	};
		1493	*sig2name = sub ($) {
		1494	$_[0] > 0 ? $signum2name[+shift] : shift
		1495	};
		1496	}
		1497	};
		1498	die if $@;
		1499	};
		1500
		1501	sub sig2num ($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2num }
		1502	sub sig2name($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2name }
		1503
1308	sub _signal {	1504	sub signal {
1309	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1505	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1506	# probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
		1507	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
		1508	warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1310		1509
1311	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}	1510	$SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1312	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";	1511	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec;
1313		1512
1314	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1513	} else {
		1514	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1315		1515
1316	if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {	1516	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1317	# async::interrupt	1517	require AnyEvent::Util;
1318		1518
1319	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= do {	1519	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1320	my $asy = new Async::Interrupt	1520	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R, 1) if $SIGPIPE_R;
1321	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },	1521	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W, 1) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1322	signal => $signal,	1522	} else {
1323	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],	1523	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
		1524	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, AnyEvent::F_SETFL, AnyEvent::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1525	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, AnyEvent::F_SETFL, AnyEvent::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1526
		1527	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
		1528	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, AnyEvent::F_SETFD, AnyEvent::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1529	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, AnyEvent::F_SETFD, AnyEvent::FD_CLOEXEC;
1324	;	1530	}
1325	$asy->pipe_autodrain (0);
1326		1531
1327	$asy	1532	$SIGPIPE_R
		1533	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
		1534
		1535	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec;
		1536	}
		1537
		1538	*signal = $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1539	? sub {
		1540	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
		1541
		1542	# async::interrupt
		1543	my $signal = sig2num $arg{signal};
		1544	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
		1545
		1546	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt
		1547	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },
		1548	signal => $signal,
		1549	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],
		1550	pipe_autodrain => 0,
		1551	;
		1552
		1553	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1554	}
		1555	: sub {
		1556	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
		1557
		1558	# pure perl
		1559	my $signal = sig2name $arg{signal};
		1560	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
		1561
		1562	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
		1563	local $!;
		1564	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
		1565	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
		1566	};
		1567
		1568	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
		1569	# so limit the signal latency.
		1570	_sig_add;
		1571
		1572	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1573	}
		1574	;
		1575
		1576	*AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {
		1577	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
		1578
		1579	_sig_del;
		1580
		1581	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
		1582
		1583	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1584	? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
		1585	: # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
		1586	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
		1587	# instead of getting the default action.
		1588	undef $SIG{$signal}
		1589	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1328	};	1590	};
1329		1591
1330	} else {	1592	*_signal_exec = sub {
1331	# pure perl	1593	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1594	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain
		1595	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9;
1332		1596
1333	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {	1597	while (%SIG_EV) {
1334	local $!;	1598	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
1335	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;	1599	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
1336	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};	1600	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
		1601	}
		1602	}
1337	};	1603	};
1338
1339	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
1340	# so limit the signal latency.
1341	_sig_add;
1342	}	1604	};
		1605	die if $@;
1343		1606
1344	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
1345	}
1346
1347	sub signal {
1348	# probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
1349	if (!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT} && eval "use Async::Interrupt 0.6 (); 1") {
1350	warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1351
1352	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1;
1353	$SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1354	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1355
1356	} else {
1357	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1358
1359	require Fcntl;
1360
1361	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1362	require AnyEvent::Util;
1363
1364	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1365	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R) if $SIGPIPE_R;
1366	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1367	} else {
1368	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
1369	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
1370	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1371
1372	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
1373	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1374	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1375	}
1376
1377	$SIGPIPE_R
1378	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
1379
1380	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1381	}
1382
1383	*signal = \&_signal;
1384	&signal	1607	&signal
1385	}
1386
1387	sub AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY {
1388	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1389
1390	_sig_del;
1391
1392	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
1393
1394	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1395	? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
1396	: # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
1397	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
1398	# instead of getting the default action.
1399	undef $SIG{$signal}
1400	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1401	}	1608	}
1402		1609
1403	# default implementation for ->child	1610	# default implementation for ->child
1404		1611
1405	our %PID_CB;	1612	our %PID_CB;
1406	our $CHLD_W;	1613	our $CHLD_W;
1407	our $CHLD_DELAY_W;	1614	our $CHLD_DELAY_W;
1408	our $WNOHANG;	1615	our $WNOHANG;
1409		1616
1410	sub _sigchld {	1617	# used by many Impl's
1411	while (0 < (my $pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG)) {	1618	sub _emit_childstatus($$) {
1412	$_->($pid, $?)	1619	my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_;
		1620
		1621	$_->($rpid, $rstatus)
1413	for values %{ $PID_CB{$pid} \|\| {} },	1622	for values %{ $PID_CB{$rpid} \|\| {} },
1414	values %{ $PID_CB{0} \|\| {} };	1623	values %{ $PID_CB{0} \|\| {} };
1415	}
1416	}	1624	}
1417		1625
1418	sub child {	1626	sub child {
		1627	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1628	*_sigchld = sub {
		1629	my $pid;
		1630
		1631	AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?)
		1632	while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0;
		1633	};
		1634
		1635	*child = sub {
1419	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1636	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1420		1637
1421	defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)	1638	defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)
1422	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";	1639	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";
1423		1640
1424	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1641	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1425		1642
1426	# WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere	1643	# WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere
1427	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/	1644	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/
1428	? 1	1645	? 1
1429	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;	1646	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;
1430		1647
1431	unless ($CHLD_W) {	1648	unless ($CHLD_W) {
1432	$CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld);	1649	$CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld;
1433	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round	1650	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round
1434	&_sigchld;	1651	&_sigchld;
1435	}	1652	}
1436		1653
1437	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"	1654	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"
1438	}	1655	};
1439		1656
1440	sub AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY {	1657	*AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY = sub {
1441	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1658	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1442		1659
1443	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};	1660	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};
1444	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };	1661	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };
1445		1662
1446	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;	1663	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;
		1664	};
		1665	};
		1666	die if $@;
		1667
		1668	&child
1447	}	1669	}
1448		1670
1449	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless	1671	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless
1450	# of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting	1672	# of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting
1451	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.	1673	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.
1452	sub idle {	1674	sub idle {
		1675	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1676	*idle = sub {
1453	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1677	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1454		1678
1455	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};	1679	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};
1456		1680
1457	$rcb = sub {	1681	$rcb = sub {
1458	if ($cb) {	1682	if ($cb) {
1459	$w = _time;	1683	$w = _time;
1460	&$cb;	1684	&$cb;
1461	$w = _time - $w;	1685	$w = _time - $w;
1462		1686
1463	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,	1687	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,
1464	# within some limits	1688	# within some limits
1465	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;	1689	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;
1466	$w = 5 if $w > 5;	1690	$w = 5 if $w > 5;
1467		1691
1468	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $w, cb => $rcb);	1692	$w = AE::timer $w, 0, $rcb;
1469	} else {	1693	} else {
1470	# clean up...	1694	# clean up...
1471	undef $w;	1695	undef $w;
1472	undef $rcb;	1696	undef $rcb;
		1697	}
		1698	};
		1699
		1700	$w = AE::timer 0.05, 0, $rcb;
		1701
		1702	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1473	}	1703	};
		1704
		1705	*AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY = sub {
		1706	undef $${$_[0]};
		1707	};
1474	};	1708	};
		1709	die if $@;
1475		1710
1476	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.05, cb => $rcb);	1711	&idle
1477
1478	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1479	}
1480
1481	sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY {
1482	undef $${$_[0]};
1483	}	1712	}
1484		1713
1485	package AnyEvent::CondVar;	1714	package AnyEvent::CondVar;
1486		1715
1487	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;	1716	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;
…		…
1535	Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};	1764	Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};
1536	wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]	1765	wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]
1537	}	1766	}
1538		1767
1539	sub cb {	1768	sub cb {
1540	$_[0]{_ae_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;	1769	my $cv = shift;
		1770
		1771	@_
		1772	and $cv->{_ae_cb} = shift
		1773	and $cv->{_ae_sent}
		1774	and (delete $cv->{_ae_cb})->($cv);
		1775
1541	$_[0]{_ae_cb}	1776	$cv->{_ae_cb}
1542	}	1777	}
1543		1778
1544	sub begin {	1779	sub begin {
1545	++$_[0]{_ae_counter};	1780	++$_[0]{_ae_counter};
1546	$_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;	1781	$_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
…		…
1755	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read	1990	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read
1756	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i	1991	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i
1757	},	1992	},
1758	);	1993	);
1759		1994
1760	my $time_watcher; # can only be used once
1761
1762	sub new_timer {
1763	$timer = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, cb => sub {	1995	my $time_watcher = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, interval => 1, cb => sub {
1764	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' about every second	1996	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' at most every second
1765	&new_timer; # and restart the time
1766	});	1997	});
1767	}
1768
1769	new_timer; # create first timer
1770		1998
1771	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i	1999	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i
1772		2000
1773	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE	2001	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE
1774		2002
…		…
1905	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero	2133	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero
1906	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,	2134	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,
1907	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.	2135	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.
1908		2136
1909	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent	2137	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent
1910	distribution.	2138	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2139	for the EV and Perl backends only.
1911		2140
1912	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2141	=head3 Explanation of the columns
1913		2142
1914	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since	2143	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since
1915	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event	2144	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event
…		…
1936	watcher.	2165	watcher.
1937		2166
1938	=head3 Results	2167	=head3 Results
1939		2168
1940	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment	2169	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment
1941	EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface	2170	EV/EV 100000 223 0.47 0.43 0.27 EV native interface
1942	EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers	2171	EV/Any 100000 223 0.48 0.42 0.26 EV + AnyEvent watchers
1943	CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal	2172	Coro::EV/Any 100000 223 0.47 0.42 0.26 coroutines + Coro::Signal
1944	Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation	2173	Perl/Any 100000 431 2.70 0.74 0.92 pure perl implementation
1945	Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface	2174	Event/Event 16000 516 31.16 31.84 0.82 Event native interface
1946	Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers	2175	Event/Any 16000 1203 42.61 34.79 1.80 Event + AnyEvent watchers
1947	IOAsync/Any 16000 989 38.10 32.77 11.13 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll	2176	IOAsync/Any 16000 1911 41.92 27.45 16.81 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll
1948	IOAsync/Any 16000 990 37.59 29.50 10.61 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll	2177	IOAsync/Any 16000 1726 40.69 26.37 15.25 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll
1949	Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour	2178	Glib/Any 16000 1118 89.00 12.57 51.17 quadratic behaviour
1950	Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers	2179	Tk/Any 2000 1346 20.96 10.75 8.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers
1951	POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event	2180	POE/Any 2000 6951 108.97 795.32 14.24 via POE::Loop::Event
1952	POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select	2181	POE/Any 2000 6648 94.79 774.40 575.51 via POE::Loop::Select
1953		2182
1954	=head3 Discussion	2183	=head3 Discussion
1955		2184
1956	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very	2185	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very
1957	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)	2186	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)
…		…
1969	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with	2198	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with
1970	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU	2199	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU
1971	cycles with POE.	2200	cycles with POE.
1972		2201
1973	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both	2202	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both
1974	maximal/minimal, respectively. Even when going through AnyEvent, it uses	2203	maximal/minimal, respectively. When using the L<AE> API there is zero
		2204	overhead (when going through the AnyEvent API create is about 5-6 times
		2205	slower, with other times being equal, so still uses far less memory than
1975	far less memory than any other event loop and is still faster than Event	2206	any other event loop and is still faster than Event natively).
1976	natively.
1977		2207
1978	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the	2208	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the
1979	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl	2209	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl
1980	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it	2210	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it
1981	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its	2211	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its
…		…
2055	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100	2285	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100
2056	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many	2286	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many
2057	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.	2287	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.
2058		2288
2059	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent	2289	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent
2060	distribution.	2290	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2291	for the EV and Perl backends only.
2061		2292
2062	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2293	=head3 Explanation of the columns
2063		2294
2064	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as	2295	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as
2065	each server has a read and write socket end).	2296	each server has a read and write socket end).
…		…
2073	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.	2304	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.
2074		2305
2075	=head3 Results	2306	=head3 Results
2076		2307
2077	name sockets create request	2308	name sockets create request
2078	EV 20000 69.01 11.16	2309	EV 20000 62.66 7.99
2079	Perl 20000 73.32 35.87	2310	Perl 20000 68.32 32.64
2080	IOAsync 20000 157.00 98.14 epoll	2311	IOAsync 20000 174.06 101.15 epoll
2081	IOAsync 20000 159.31 616.06 poll	2312	IOAsync 20000 174.67 610.84 poll
2082	Event 20000 212.62 257.32	2313	Event 20000 202.69 242.91
2083	Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30	2314	Glib 20000 557.01 1689.52
2084	POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event	2315	POE 20000 341.54 12086.32 uses POE::Loop::Event
2085		2316
2086	=head3 Discussion	2317	=head3 Discussion
2087		2318
2088	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the	2319	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the
2089	particular event loop.	2320	particular event loop.
…		…
2215	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the	2446	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the
2216	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl	2447	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl
2217	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.	2448	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.
2218		2449
2219	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and	2450	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and
2220	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda by a	2451	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda
2221	large margin, even though it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O	2452	higher level ("unoptimised") abstractions by a large margin, even though
2222	in a non-blocking way.	2453	it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O in a non-blocking way.
2223		2454
2224	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and	2455	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and
2225	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are	2456	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are
2226	part of the IO::lambda distribution and were used without any changes.	2457	part of the IO::Lambda distribution and were used without any changes.
2227		2458
2228		2459
2229	=head1 SIGNALS	2460	=head1 SIGNALS
2230		2461
2231	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:	2462	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:
…		…
2273	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.	2504	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.
2274		2505
2275	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional	2506	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional
2276	modules if they are installed.	2507	modules if they are installed.
2277		2508
2278	This section epxlains which additional modules will be used, and how they	2509	This section explains which additional modules will be used, and how they
2279	affect AnyEvent's operetion.	2510	affect AnyEvent's operation.
2280		2511
2281	=over 4	2512	=over 4
2282		2513
2283	=item L<Async::Interrupt>	2514	=item L<Async::Interrupt>
2284		2515
…		…
2289	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for	2520	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for
2290	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).	2521	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).
2291		2522
2292	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal	2523	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal
2293	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop	2524	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop
2294	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (And good for	2525	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (and good for
2295	battery life on laptops).	2526	battery life on laptops).
2296		2527
2297	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops	2528	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops
2298	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).	2529	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).
2299		2530
…		…
2311	automatic timer adjustments even when no monotonic clock is available,	2542	automatic timer adjustments even when no monotonic clock is available,
2312	can take avdantage of advanced kernel interfaces such as C<epoll> and	2543	can take avdantage of advanced kernel interfaces such as C<epoll> and
2313	C<kqueue>, and is the fastest backend I<by far>. You can even embed	2544	C<kqueue>, and is the fastest backend I<by far>. You can even embed
2314	L<Glib>/L<Gtk2> in it (or vice versa, see L<EV::Glib> and L<Glib::EV>).	2545	L<Glib>/L<Gtk2> in it (or vice versa, see L<EV::Glib> and L<Glib::EV>).
2315		2546
		2547	If you only use backends that rely on another event loop (e.g. C<Tk>),
		2548	then this module will do nothing for you.
		2549
2316	=item L<Guard>	2550	=item L<Guard>
2317		2551
2318	The guard module, when used, will be used to implement	2552	The guard module, when used, will be used to implement
2319	C<AnyEvent::Util::guard>. This speeds up guards considerably (and uses a	2553	C<AnyEvent::Util::guard>. This speeds up guards considerably (and uses a
2320	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is	2554	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is
2321	purely used for performance.	2555	purely used for performance.
2322		2556
2323	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>	2557	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>
2324		2558
2325	This module is required when you want to read or write JSON data via	2559	One of these modules is required when you want to read or write JSON data
2326	L<AnyEvent::Handle>. It is also written in pure-perl, but can take	2560	via L<AnyEvent::Handle>. L<JSON> is also written in pure-perl, but can take
2327	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.	2561	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.
2328
2329	In fact, L<AnyEvent::Handle> will use L<JSON::XS> by default if it is
2330	installed.
2331		2562
2332	=item L<Net::SSLeay>	2563	=item L<Net::SSLeay>
2333		2564
2334	Implementing TLS/SSL in Perl is certainly interesting, but not very	2565	Implementing TLS/SSL in Perl is certainly interesting, but not very
2335	worthwhile: If this module is installed, then L<AnyEvent::Handle> (with	2566	worthwhile: If this module is installed, then L<AnyEvent::Handle> (with
…		…
2346		2577
2347		2578
2348	=head1 FORK	2579	=head1 FORK
2349		2580
2350	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are	2581	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are
2351	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll>	2582	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll> calls
2352	calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware.	2583	- higher performance APIs such as BSD's kqueue or the dreaded Linux epoll
		2584	are usually badly thought-out hacks that are incompatible with fork in
		2585	one way or another. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware and ensures that you
		2586	continue event-processing in both parent and child (or both, if you know
		2587	what you are doing).
		2588
		2589	This means that, in general, you cannot fork and do event processing in
		2590	the child if the event library was initialised before the fork (which
		2591	usually happens when the first AnyEvent watcher is created, or the library
		2592	is loaded).
2353		2593
2354	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first	2594	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first
2355	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do	2595	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do
2356	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.	2596	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.
		2597
		2598	The problem of doing event processing in the parent I<and> the child
		2599	is much more complicated: even for backends that I<are> fork-aware or
		2600	fork-safe, their behaviour is not usually what you want: fork clones all
		2601	watchers, that means all timers, I/O watchers etc. are active in both
		2602	parent and child, which is almost never what you want. USing C<exec>
		2603	to start worker children from some kind of manage rprocess is usually
		2604	preferred, because it is much easier and cleaner, at the expense of having
		2605	to have another binary.
2357		2606
2358		2607
2359	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS	2608	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
2360		2609
2361	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via	2610	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via
…		…
2399	L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>.	2648	L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>.
2400		2649
2401	Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>,	2650	Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>,
2402	L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>,	2651	L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>,
2403	L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>,	2652	L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>,
2404	L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>.	2653	L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>.
2405		2654
2406	Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and	2655	Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and
2407	servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>.	2656	servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>.
2408		2657
2409	Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>.	2658	Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>.

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents): Revision 1.251 by root, Mon Jul 20 22:39:57 2009 UTC vs. Revision 1.317 by root, Wed Mar 24 21:22:57 2010 UTC

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.251 by root, Mon Jul 20 22:39:57 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.317 by root, Wed Mar 24 21:22:57 2010 UTC