[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.255 by root, Fri Jul 24 23:45:54 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.301 by root, Tue Dec 1 18:04:21 2009 UTC

…		…
1	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
2		2
3	AnyEvent - events independent of event loop implementation	3	AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming
4		4
5	EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, IO::Async, Qt and POE are	5	EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt
6	various supported event loops/environments.	6	and POE are various supported event loops/environments.
7		7
8	=head1 SYNOPSIS	8	=head1 SYNOPSIS
9		9
10	use AnyEvent;	10	use AnyEvent;
11		11
181	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are	181	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are
182	declared.	182	declared.
183		183
184	=head2 I/O WATCHERS	184	=head2 I/O WATCHERS
185		185
		186	$w = AnyEvent->io (
		187	fh => <filehandle_or_fileno>,
		188	poll => <"r" or "w">,
		189	cb => <callback>,
		190	);
		191
186	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method	192	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method
187	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:	193	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:
188		194
189	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch	195	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch
190	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file	196	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file
…		…
219	undef $w;	225	undef $w;
220	});	226	});
221		227
222	=head2 TIME WATCHERS	228	=head2 TIME WATCHERS
223		229
		230	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => <seconds>, cb => <callback>);
		231
		232	$w = AnyEvent->timer (
		233	after => <fractional_seconds>,
		234	interval => <fractional_seconds>,
		235	cb => <callback>,
		236	);
		237
224	You can create a time watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->timer >>	238	You can create a time watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->timer >>
225	method with the following mandatory arguments:	239	method with the following mandatory arguments:
226		240
227	C<after> specifies after how many seconds (fractional values are	241	C<after> specifies after how many seconds (fractional values are
228	supported) the callback should be invoked. C<cb> is the callback to invoke	242	supported) the callback should be invoked. C<cb> is the callback to invoke
…		…
349	might affect timers and time-outs.	363	might affect timers and time-outs.
350		364
351	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the	365	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the
352	event loop's idea of "current time".	366	event loop's idea of "current time".
353		367
		368	A typical example would be a script in a web server (e.g. C<mod_perl>) -
		369	when mod_perl executes the script, then the event loop will have the wrong
		370	idea about the "current time" (being potentially far in the past, when the
		371	script ran the last time). In that case you should arrange a call to C<<
		372	AnyEvent->now_update >> each time the web server process wakes up again
		373	(e.g. at the start of your script, or in a handler).
		374
354	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.	375	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.
355		376
356	=back	377	=back
357		378
358	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS	379	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS
		380
		381	$w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => <uppercase_signal_name>, cb => <callback>);
359		382
360	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal	383	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal
361	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl	384	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl
362	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.	385	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.
363		386
…		…
380		403
381	Example: exit on SIGINT	404	Example: exit on SIGINT
382		405
383	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });	406	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });
384		407
		408	=head3 Restart Behaviour
		409
		410	While restart behaviour is up to the event loop implementation, most will
		411	not restart syscalls (that includes L<Async::Interrupt> and AnyEvent's
		412	pure perl implementation).
		413
		414	=head3 Safe/Unsafe Signals
		415
		416	Perl signals can be either "safe" (synchronous to opcode handling) or
		417	"unsafe" (asynchronous) - the former might get delayed indefinitely, the
		418	latter might corrupt your memory.
		419
		420	AnyEvent signal handlers are, in addition, synchronous to the event loop,
		421	i.e. they will not interrupt your running perl program but will only be
		422	called as part of the normal event handling (just like timer, I/O etc.
		423	callbacks, too).
		424
385	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds	425	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds
386		426
387	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching	427	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching
388	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot do	428	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot
389	race-free signal handling in perl. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, but	429	do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for
		430	this. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, which means in some cases,
390	in some cases, signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might	431	signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is
391	be delayed is specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10	432	specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This
392	seconds). This variable can be changed only before the first signal	433	variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created,
393	watcher is created, and should be left alone otherwise. Higher values	434	and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often
		435	AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values
394	will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU	436	will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU
		437	saving.
		438
395	saving. All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional	439	All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional
396	L<Async::Interrupt> module. This will not work with inherently broken	440	L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not
397	event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib> (and not with L<POE>	441	work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib>
398	currently, as POE does it's own workaround with one-second latency). With	442	(and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does it's own workaround with
399	those, you just have to suffer the delays.	443	one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays.
400		444
401	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS	445	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
		446
		447	$w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>);
402		448
403	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.	449	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.
404		450
405	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends,	451	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends,
406	using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will	452	using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will
…		…
455	# do something else, then wait for process exit	501	# do something else, then wait for process exit
456	$done->recv;	502	$done->recv;
457		503
458	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS	504	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS
459		505
		506	$w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>);
		507
460	Sometimes there is a need to do something, but it is not so important	508	Sometimes there is a need to do something, but it is not so important
461	to do it instantly, but only when there is nothing better to do. This	509	to do it instantly, but only when there is nothing better to do. This
462	"nothing better to do" is usually defined to be "no other events need	510	"nothing better to do" is usually defined to be "no other events need
463	attention by the event loop".	511	attention by the event loop".
464		512
…		…
490	});	538	});
491	});	539	});
492		540
493	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES	541	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES
494		542
		543	$cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
		544
		545	$cv->send (<list>);
		546	my @res = $cv->recv;
		547
495	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them	548	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them
496	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that	549	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that
497	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.	550	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.
498		551
499	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event	552	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event
…		…
563	after => 1,	616	after => 1,
564	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },	617	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },
565	);	618	);
566		619
567	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback	620	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback
568	# calls -<send	621	# calls ->send
569	$result_ready->recv;	622	$result_ready->recv;
570		623
571	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition	624	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition
572	variables are also callable directly.	625	variables are also callable directly.
573		626
…		…
637	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want	690	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want
638	to use a condition variable for the whole process.	691	to use a condition variable for the whole process.
639		692
640	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to	693	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to
641	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end	694	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end
642	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback	695	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed, passing the
643	is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no	696	condvar as first argument. That callback is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send
644	callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments.	697	>>, but that is not required. If no group callback was set, C<send> will
		698	be called without any arguments.
645		699
646	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call	700	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call
647	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND	701	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND
648	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).	702	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).
649		703
…		…
676	begung can potentially be zero:	730	begung can potentially be zero:
677		731
678	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	732	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
679		733
680	my %result;	734	my %result;
681	$cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) });	735	$cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) });
682		736
683	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {	737	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {
684	$cv->begin;	738	$cv->begin;
685	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {	739	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {
686	$result{$host} = ...;	740	$result{$host} = ...;
…		…
761	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))	815	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))
762		816
763	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally	817	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally
764	replaces it before doing so.	818	replaces it before doing so.
765		819
766	The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when	820	The callback will be called when the condition becomes (or already was)
767	C<send> or C<croak> are called, with the only argument being the condition	821	"true", i.e. when C<send> or C<croak> are called (or were called), with
768	variable itself. Calling C<recv> inside the callback or at any later time	822	the only argument being the condition variable itself. Calling C<recv>
769	is guaranteed not to block.	823	inside the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block.
770		824
771	=back	825	=back
772		826
773	=head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS	827	=head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS
774		828
…		…
777	=over 4	831	=over 4
778		832
779	=item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found.	833	=item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found.
780		834
781	EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in	835	EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in
782	use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will try Event, and, failing	836	use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own
783	that, will fall back to its own pure-perl implementation, which is	837	pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with
784	available everywhere as it comes with AnyEvent itself.	838	AnyEvent itself.
785		839
786	AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).	840	AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).
787	AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches.
788	AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.	841	AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.
789		842
790	=item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.	843	=item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.
791		844
792	These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher	845	These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher
793	is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using	846	is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using
794	them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend	847	them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend
795	when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to	848	when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to
796	create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.	849	create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.
797		850
		851	AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches.
798	AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.	852	AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.
799	AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.	853	AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.
800	AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.	854	AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.
801	AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.	855	AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.
802	AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.	856	AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.
…		…
1076		1130
1077	package AnyEvent;	1131	package AnyEvent;
1078		1132
1079	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense	1133	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense
1080	sub common_sense {	1134	sub common_sense {
1081	# no warnings	1135	# from common:.sense 1.0
1082	${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS};	1136	${^WARNING_BITS} = "\xfc\x3f\xf3\x00\x0f\xf3\xcf\xc0\xf3\xfc\x33\x03";
1083	# use strict vars subs	1137	# use strict vars subs
1084	$^H \|= 0x00000600;	1138	$^H \|= 0x00000600;
1085	}	1139	}
1086		1140
1087	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }	1141	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1088		1142
1089	use Carp ();	1143	use Carp ();
1090		1144
1091	our $VERSION = 4.86;	1145	our $VERSION = '5.21';
1092	our $MODEL;	1146	our $MODEL;
1093		1147
1094	our $AUTOLOAD;	1148	our $AUTOLOAD;
1095	our @ISA;	1149	our @ISA;
1096		1150
1097	our @REGISTRY;	1151	our @REGISTRY;
1098
1099	our $WIN32;
1100		1152
1101	our $VERBOSE;	1153	our $VERBOSE;
1102		1154
1103	BEGIN {	1155	BEGIN {
1104	eval "sub WIN32(){ " . (($^O =~ /mswin32/i)*1) ." }";	1156	eval "sub WIN32(){ " . (($^O =~ /mswin32/i)*1) ." }";
…		…
1122	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";	1174	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";
1123	}	1175	}
1124		1176
1125	my @models = (	1177	my @models = (
1126	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1],	1178	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1],
1127	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1],
1128	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],	1179	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],
1129	# everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed	1180	# everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed
1130	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere	1181	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere
1131	# and is usually faster	1182	# and is usually faster
		1183	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1],
1132	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers	1184	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers
1133	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy	1185	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy
1134	[Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package	1186	[Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package
1135	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles	1187	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles
1136	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program	1188	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program
…		…
1139	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],	1191	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1140	# IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its	1192	# IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its
1141	# byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.	1193	# byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.
1142	# IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any	1194	# IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any
1143	# obvious default class.	1195	# obvious default class.
1144	# [0, IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1196	[IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1145	# [0, IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1197	[IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1146	# [0, IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1198	[IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
		1199	[AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1147	);	1200	);
1148		1201
1149	our %method = map +($_ => 1),	1202	our %method = map +($_ => 1),
1150	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);	1203	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);
1151		1204
…		…
1258	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases	1311	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases
1259		1312
1260	($fh2, $rw)	1313	($fh2, $rw)
1261	}	1314	}
1262		1315
		1316	=head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API
		1317
		1318	Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much
		1319	simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory
		1320	overhead.
		1321
		1322	See the L<AE> manpage for details.
		1323
		1324	=cut
		1325
		1326	package AE;
		1327
		1328	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		1329
		1330	sub io($$$) {
		1331	AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])
		1332	}
		1333
		1334	sub timer($$$) {
		1335	AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2])
		1336	}
		1337
		1338	sub signal($$) {
		1339	AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
		1340	}
		1341
		1342	sub child($$) {
		1343	AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
		1344	}
		1345
		1346	sub idle($) {
		1347	AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0])
		1348	}
		1349
		1350	sub cv(;&) {
		1351	AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ())
		1352	}
		1353
		1354	sub now() {
		1355	AnyEvent->now
		1356	}
		1357
		1358	sub now_update() {
		1359	AnyEvent->now_update
		1360	}
		1361
		1362	sub time() {
		1363	AnyEvent->time
		1364	}
		1365
1263	package AnyEvent::Base;	1366	package AnyEvent::Base;
1264		1367
1265	# default implementations for many methods	1368	# default implementations for many methods
1266		1369
1267	sub _time {	1370	sub _time() {
1268	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes	1371	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes
1269	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {	1372	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
1270	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;	1373	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1271	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;	1374	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;
1272	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...	1375	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
…		…
1289	}	1392	}
1290		1393
1291	# default implementation for ->signal	1394	# default implementation for ->signal
1292		1395
1293	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;	1396	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
		1397
		1398	sub _have_async_interrupt() {
		1399	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT}
		1400	&& eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.02 (); 1")
		1401	unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
		1402
		1403	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1404	}
		1405
1294	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);	1406	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);
1295	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);	1407	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);
1296	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);	1408	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);
1297		1409
1298	sub _signal_exec {	1410	sub _signal_exec {
1299	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT	1411	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1300	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain	1412	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain
1301	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 9;	1413	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9;
1302		1414
1303	while (%SIG_EV) {	1415	while (%SIG_EV) {
1304	for (keys %SIG_EV) {	1416	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
1305	delete $SIG_EV{$_};	1417	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
1306	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };	1418	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
1307	}	1419	}
1308	}	1420	}
1309	}	1421	}
1310		1422
1311	# install a dumym wakeupw atcher to reduce signal catching latency	1423	# install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency
1312	sub _sig_add() {	1424	sub _sig_add() {
1313	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {	1425	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {
1314	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible	1426	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible
1315	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;	1427	my $NOW = AE::now;
1316		1428
1317	$SIG_TW = AnyEvent->timer (	1429	$SIG_TW = AE::timer
1318	after => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW),	1430	$MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW),
1319	interval => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,	1431	$MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,
1320	cb => sub { }, # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK	1432	sub { } # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK
1321	);	1433	;
1322	}	1434	}
1323	}	1435	}
1324		1436
1325	sub _sig_del {	1437	sub _sig_del {
1326	undef $SIG_TW	1438	undef $SIG_TW
1327	unless --$SIG_COUNT;	1439	unless --$SIG_COUNT;
1328	}	1440	}
1329		1441
		1442	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {
		1443	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading
		1444	undef $_sig_name_init;
		1445
		1446	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
		1447	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;
		1448	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;
		1449	} else {
		1450	require Config;
		1451
		1452	my %signame2num;
		1453	@signame2num{ split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_name} }
		1454	= split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_num};
		1455
		1456	my @signum2name;
		1457	@signum2name[values %signame2num] = keys %signame2num;
		1458
		1459	*sig2num = sub($) {
		1460	$_[0] > 0 ? shift : $signame2num{+shift}
		1461	};
		1462	*sig2name = sub ($) {
		1463	$_[0] > 0 ? $signum2name[+shift] : shift
		1464	};
		1465	}
		1466	};
		1467	die if $@;
		1468	};
		1469
		1470	sub sig2num ($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2num }
		1471	sub sig2name($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2name }
		1472
1330	sub _signal {	1473	sub signal {
		1474	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1475	# probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
		1476	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
		1477	warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
		1478
		1479	$SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
		1480	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec;
		1481
		1482	} else {
		1483	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
		1484
		1485	require Fcntl;
		1486
		1487	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
		1488	require AnyEvent::Util;
		1489
		1490	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
		1491	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R, 1) if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1492	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W, 1) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1493	} else {
		1494	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
		1495	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1496	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1497
		1498	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
		1499	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1500	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1501	}
		1502
		1503	$SIGPIPE_R
		1504	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
		1505
		1506	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec;
		1507	}
		1508
		1509	*signal = sub {
1331	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1510	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1332		1511
1333	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}	1512	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
1334	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";	1513	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
1335		1514
1336	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1337
1338	if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {	1515	if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {
1339	# async::interrupt	1516	# async::interrupt
1340		1517
1341	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= do {	1518	$signal = sig2num $signal;
1342	my $asy = new Async::Interrupt	1519	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
		1520
		1521	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt
1343	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },	1522	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },
1344	signal => $signal,	1523	signal => $signal,
1345	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],	1524	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],
		1525	pipe_autodrain => 0,
		1526	;
		1527
		1528	} else {
		1529	# pure perl
		1530
		1531	# AE::Util has been loaded in signal
		1532	$signal = sig2name $signal;
		1533	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
		1534
		1535	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
		1536	local $!;
		1537	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
		1538	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
		1539	};
		1540
		1541	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
		1542	# so limit the signal latency.
		1543	_sig_add;
1346	;	1544	}
1347	$asy->pipe_autodrain (0);
1348		1545
1349	$asy	1546	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
1350	};	1547	};
1351		1548
1352	} else {	1549	*AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {
1353	# pure perl	1550	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1354		1551
1355	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {	1552	_sig_del;
1356	local $!;	1553
1357	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;	1554	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
		1555
		1556	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1557	? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
		1558	: # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
		1559	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
		1560	# instead of getting the default action.
1358	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};	1561	undef $SIG{$signal}
		1562	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1359	};	1563	};
1360
1361	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
1362	# so limit the signal latency.
1363	_sig_add;
1364	}	1564	};
1365		1565	die if $@;
1366	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
1367	}
1368
1369	sub signal {
1370	# probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
1371	if (!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT} && eval "use Async::Interrupt 0.6 (); 1") {
1372	warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1373
1374	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1;
1375	$SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1376	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1377
1378	} else {
1379	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1380
1381	require Fcntl;
1382
1383	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1384	require AnyEvent::Util;
1385
1386	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1387	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R) if $SIGPIPE_R;
1388	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1389	} else {
1390	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
1391	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
1392	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1393
1394	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
1395	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1396	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1397	}
1398
1399	$SIGPIPE_R
1400	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
1401
1402	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1403	}
1404
1405	*signal = \&_signal;
1406	&signal	1566	&signal
1407	}
1408
1409	sub AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY {
1410	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1411
1412	_sig_del;
1413
1414	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
1415
1416	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1417	? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
1418	: # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
1419	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
1420	# instead of getting the default action.
1421	undef $SIG{$signal}
1422	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1423	}	1567	}
1424		1568
1425	# default implementation for ->child	1569	# default implementation for ->child
1426		1570
1427	our %PID_CB;	1571	our %PID_CB;
…		…
1456	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/	1600	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/
1457	? 1	1601	? 1
1458	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;	1602	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;
1459		1603
1460	unless ($CHLD_W) {	1604	unless ($CHLD_W) {
1461	$CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld);	1605	$CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld;
1462	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round	1606	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round
1463	&_sigchld;	1607	&_sigchld;
1464	}	1608	}
1465		1609
1466	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"	1610	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"
…		…
1492	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,	1636	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,
1493	# within some limits	1637	# within some limits
1494	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;	1638	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;
1495	$w = 5 if $w > 5;	1639	$w = 5 if $w > 5;
1496		1640
1497	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $w, cb => $rcb);	1641	$w = AE::timer $w, 0, $rcb;
1498	} else {	1642	} else {
1499	# clean up...	1643	# clean up...
1500	undef $w;	1644	undef $w;
1501	undef $rcb;	1645	undef $rcb;
1502	}	1646	}
1503	};	1647	};
1504		1648
1505	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.05, cb => $rcb);	1649	$w = AE::timer 0.05, 0, $rcb;
1506		1650
1507	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"	1651	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1508	}	1652	}
1509		1653
1510	sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY {	1654	sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY {
…		…
1564	Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};	1708	Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};
1565	wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]	1709	wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]
1566	}	1710	}
1567		1711
1568	sub cb {	1712	sub cb {
1569	$_[0]{_ae_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;	1713	my $cv = shift;
		1714
		1715	@_
		1716	and $cv->{_ae_cb} = shift
		1717	and $cv->{_ae_sent}
		1718	and (delete $cv->{_ae_cb})->($cv);
		1719
1570	$_[0]{_ae_cb}	1720	$cv->{_ae_cb}
1571	}	1721	}
1572		1722
1573	sub begin {	1723	sub begin {
1574	++$_[0]{_ae_counter};	1724	++$_[0]{_ae_counter};
1575	$_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;	1725	$_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
…		…
1784	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read	1934	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read
1785	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i	1935	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i
1786	},	1936	},
1787	);	1937	);
1788		1938
1789	my $time_watcher; # can only be used once
1790
1791	sub new_timer {
1792	$timer = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, cb => sub {	1939	my $time_watcher = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, interval => 1, cb => sub {
1793	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' about every second	1940	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' at most every second
1794	&new_timer; # and restart the time
1795	});	1941	});
1796	}
1797
1798	new_timer; # create first timer
1799		1942
1800	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i	1943	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i
1801		1944
1802	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE	1945	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE
1803		1946
…		…
1934	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero	2077	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero
1935	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,	2078	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,
1936	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.	2079	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.
1937		2080
1938	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent	2081	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent
1939	distribution.	2082	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2083	for the EV and Perl backends only.
1940		2084
1941	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2085	=head3 Explanation of the columns
1942		2086
1943	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since	2087	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since
1944	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event	2088	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event
…		…
1965	watcher.	2109	watcher.
1966		2110
1967	=head3 Results	2111	=head3 Results
1968		2112
1969	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment	2113	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment
1970	EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface	2114	EV/EV 100000 223 0.47 0.43 0.27 EV native interface
1971	EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers	2115	EV/Any 100000 223 0.48 0.42 0.26 EV + AnyEvent watchers
1972	CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal	2116	Coro::EV/Any 100000 223 0.47 0.42 0.26 coroutines + Coro::Signal
1973	Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation	2117	Perl/Any 100000 431 2.70 0.74 0.92 pure perl implementation
1974	Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface	2118	Event/Event 16000 516 31.16 31.84 0.82 Event native interface
1975	Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers	2119	Event/Any 16000 1203 42.61 34.79 1.80 Event + AnyEvent watchers
1976	IOAsync/Any 16000 989 38.10 32.77 11.13 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll	2120	IOAsync/Any 16000 1911 41.92 27.45 16.81 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll
1977	IOAsync/Any 16000 990 37.59 29.50 10.61 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll	2121	IOAsync/Any 16000 1726 40.69 26.37 15.25 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll
1978	Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour	2122	Glib/Any 16000 1118 89.00 12.57 51.17 quadratic behaviour
1979	Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers	2123	Tk/Any 2000 1346 20.96 10.75 8.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers
1980	POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event	2124	POE/Any 2000 6951 108.97 795.32 14.24 via POE::Loop::Event
1981	POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select	2125	POE/Any 2000 6648 94.79 774.40 575.51 via POE::Loop::Select
1982		2126
1983	=head3 Discussion	2127	=head3 Discussion
1984		2128
1985	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very	2129	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very
1986	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)	2130	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)
…		…
1998	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with	2142	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with
1999	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU	2143	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU
2000	cycles with POE.	2144	cycles with POE.
2001		2145
2002	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both	2146	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both
2003	maximal/minimal, respectively. Even when going through AnyEvent, it uses	2147	maximal/minimal, respectively. When using the L<AE> API there is zero
		2148	overhead (when going through the AnyEvent API create is about 5-6 times
		2149	slower, with other times being equal, so still uses far less memory than
2004	far less memory than any other event loop and is still faster than Event	2150	any other event loop and is still faster than Event natively).
2005	natively.
2006		2151
2007	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the	2152	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the
2008	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl	2153	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl
2009	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it	2154	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it
2010	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its	2155	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its
…		…
2084	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100	2229	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100
2085	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many	2230	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many
2086	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.	2231	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.
2087		2232
2088	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent	2233	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent
2089	distribution.	2234	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2235	for the EV and Perl backends only.
2090		2236
2091	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2237	=head3 Explanation of the columns
2092		2238
2093	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as	2239	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as
2094	each server has a read and write socket end).	2240	each server has a read and write socket end).
…		…
2102	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.	2248	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.
2103		2249
2104	=head3 Results	2250	=head3 Results
2105		2251
2106	name sockets create request	2252	name sockets create request
2107	EV 20000 69.01 11.16	2253	EV 20000 62.66 7.99
2108	Perl 20000 73.32 35.87	2254	Perl 20000 68.32 32.64
2109	IOAsync 20000 157.00 98.14 epoll	2255	IOAsync 20000 174.06 101.15 epoll
2110	IOAsync 20000 159.31 616.06 poll	2256	IOAsync 20000 174.67 610.84 poll
2111	Event 20000 212.62 257.32	2257	Event 20000 202.69 242.91
2112	Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30	2258	Glib 20000 557.01 1689.52
2113	POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event	2259	POE 20000 341.54 12086.32 uses POE::Loop::Event
2114		2260
2115	=head3 Discussion	2261	=head3 Discussion
2116		2262
2117	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the	2263	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the
2118	particular event loop.	2264	particular event loop.
…		…
2244	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the	2390	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the
2245	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl	2391	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl
2246	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.	2392	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.
2247		2393
2248	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and	2394	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and
2249	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda by a	2395	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda
2250	large margin, even though it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O	2396	higher level ("unoptimised") abstractions by a large margin, even though
2251	in a non-blocking way.	2397	it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O in a non-blocking way.
2252		2398
2253	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and	2399	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and
2254	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are	2400	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are
2255	part of the IO::lambda distribution and were used without any changes.	2401	part of the IO::Lambda distribution and were used without any changes.
2256		2402
2257		2403
2258	=head1 SIGNALS	2404	=head1 SIGNALS
2259		2405
2260	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:	2406	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:
…		…
2302	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.	2448	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.
2303		2449
2304	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional	2450	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional
2305	modules if they are installed.	2451	modules if they are installed.
2306		2452
2307	This section epxlains which additional modules will be used, and how they	2453	This section explains which additional modules will be used, and how they
2308	affect AnyEvent's operetion.	2454	affect AnyEvent's operation.
2309		2455
2310	=over 4	2456	=over 4
2311		2457
2312	=item L<Async::Interrupt>	2458	=item L<Async::Interrupt>
2313		2459
…		…
2318	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for	2464	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for
2319	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).	2465	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).
2320		2466
2321	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal	2467	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal
2322	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop	2468	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop
2323	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (And good for	2469	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (and good for
2324	battery life on laptops).	2470	battery life on laptops).
2325		2471
2326	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops	2472	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops
2327	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).	2473	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).
2328		2474
…		…
2349	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is	2495	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is
2350	purely used for performance.	2496	purely used for performance.
2351		2497
2352	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>	2498	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>
2353		2499
2354	This module is required when you want to read or write JSON data via	2500	One of these modules is required when you want to read or write JSON data
2355	L<AnyEvent::Handle>. It is also written in pure-perl, but can take	2501	via L<AnyEvent::Handle>. It is also written in pure-perl, but can take
2356	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.	2502	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.
2357		2503
2358	In fact, L<AnyEvent::Handle> will use L<JSON::XS> by default if it is	2504	In fact, L<AnyEvent::Handle> will use L<JSON::XS> by default if it is
2359	installed.	2505	installed.
2360		2506
…		…
2378		2524
2379	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are	2525	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are
2380	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll>	2526	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll>
2381	calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware.	2527	calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware.
2382		2528
		2529	This means that, in general, you cannot fork and do event processing
		2530	in the child if a watcher was created before the fork (which in turn
		2531	initialises the event library).
		2532
2383	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first	2533	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first
2384	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do	2534	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do
2385	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.	2535	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.
		2536
		2537	The problem of doing event processing in the parent I<and> the child
		2538	is much more complicated: even for backends that I<are> fork-aware or
		2539	fork-safe, their behaviour is not usually what you want: fork clones all
		2540	watchers, that means all timers, I/O watchers etc. are active in both
		2541	parent and child, which is almost never what you want.
2386		2542
2387		2543
2388	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS	2544	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
2389		2545
2390	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via	2546	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents): Revision 1.255 by root, Fri Jul 24 23:45:54 2009 UTC vs. Revision 1.301 by root, Tue Dec 1 18:04:21 2009 UTC

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.255 by root, Fri Jul 24 23:45:54 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.301 by root, Tue Dec 1 18:04:21 2009 UTC