… | |
… | |
136 | |
136 | |
137 | These watchers are normal Perl objects with normal Perl lifetime. After |
137 | These watchers are normal Perl objects with normal Perl lifetime. After |
138 | creating a watcher it will immediately "watch" for events and invoke the |
138 | creating a watcher it will immediately "watch" for events and invoke the |
139 | callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model |
139 | callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model |
140 | is in control). |
140 | is in control). |
|
|
141 | |
|
|
142 | Note that B<callbacks must not permanently change global variables> |
|
|
143 | potentially in use by the event loop (such as C<$_> or C<$[>) and that B<< |
|
|
144 | callbacks must not C<die> >>. The former is good programming practise in |
|
|
145 | Perl and the latter stems from the fact that exception handling differs |
|
|
146 | widely between event loops. |
141 | |
147 | |
142 | To disable the watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the |
148 | To disable the watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the |
143 | variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references |
149 | variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references |
144 | to it). |
150 | to it). |
145 | |
151 | |
… | |
… | |
825 | =item L<AnyEvent::IGS> |
831 | =item L<AnyEvent::IGS> |
826 | |
832 | |
827 | A non-blocking interface to the Internet Go Server protocol (used by |
833 | A non-blocking interface to the Internet Go Server protocol (used by |
828 | L<App::IGS>). |
834 | L<App::IGS>). |
829 | |
835 | |
830 | =item L<Net::IRC3> |
836 | =item L<AnyEvent::IRC> |
831 | |
837 | |
832 | AnyEvent based IRC client module family. |
838 | AnyEvent based IRC client module family (replacing the older Net::IRC3). |
833 | |
839 | |
834 | =item L<Net::XMPP2> |
840 | =item L<Net::XMPP2> |
835 | |
841 | |
836 | AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family. |
842 | AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family. |
837 | |
843 | |
… | |
… | |
861 | no warnings; |
867 | no warnings; |
862 | use strict qw(vars subs); |
868 | use strict qw(vars subs); |
863 | |
869 | |
864 | use Carp; |
870 | use Carp; |
865 | |
871 | |
866 | our $VERSION = 4.234; |
872 | our $VERSION = 4.341; |
867 | our $MODEL; |
873 | our $MODEL; |
868 | |
874 | |
869 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
875 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
870 | our @ISA; |
876 | our @ISA; |
871 | |
877 | |
… | |
… | |
1004 | # to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually |
1010 | # to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually |
1005 | # allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one). |
1011 | # allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one). |
1006 | sub _dupfh($$$$) { |
1012 | sub _dupfh($$$$) { |
1007 | my ($poll, $fh, $r, $w) = @_; |
1013 | my ($poll, $fh, $r, $w) = @_; |
1008 | |
1014 | |
1009 | require Fcntl; |
|
|
1010 | |
|
|
1011 | # cygwin requires the fh mode to be matching, unix doesn't |
1015 | # cygwin requires the fh mode to be matching, unix doesn't |
1012 | my ($rw, $mode) = $poll eq "r" ? ($r, "<") |
1016 | my ($rw, $mode) = $poll eq "r" ? ($r, "<") |
1013 | : $poll eq "w" ? ($w, ">") |
1017 | : $poll eq "w" ? ($w, ">") |
1014 | : Carp::croak "AnyEvent->io requires poll set to either 'r' or 'w'"; |
1018 | : Carp::croak "AnyEvent->io requires poll set to either 'r' or 'w'"; |
1015 | |
1019 | |
… | |
… | |
1028 | BEGIN { |
1032 | BEGIN { |
1029 | if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); time (); 1") { |
1033 | if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); time (); 1") { |
1030 | *_time = \&Time::HiRes::time; |
1034 | *_time = \&Time::HiRes::time; |
1031 | # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())... |
1035 | # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())... |
1032 | } else { |
1036 | } else { |
1033 | *_time = \&CORE::time; # epic fail |
1037 | *_time = sub { time }; # epic fail |
1034 | } |
1038 | } |
1035 | } |
1039 | } |
1036 | |
1040 | |
1037 | sub time { _time } |
1041 | sub time { _time } |
1038 | sub now { _time } |
1042 | sub now { _time } |
… | |
… | |
1043 | bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, AnyEvent::CondVar:: |
1047 | bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, AnyEvent::CondVar:: |
1044 | } |
1048 | } |
1045 | |
1049 | |
1046 | # default implementation for ->signal |
1050 | # default implementation for ->signal |
1047 | |
1051 | |
1048 | our %SIG_CB; |
1052 | our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO); |
|
|
1053 | |
|
|
1054 | sub _signal_exec { |
|
|
1055 | while (%SIG_EV) { |
|
|
1056 | sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 4; |
|
|
1057 | for (keys %SIG_EV) { |
|
|
1058 | delete $SIG_EV{$_}; |
|
|
1059 | $_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} }; |
|
|
1060 | } |
|
|
1061 | } |
|
|
1062 | } |
1049 | |
1063 | |
1050 | sub signal { |
1064 | sub signal { |
1051 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1065 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1052 | |
1066 | |
|
|
1067 | unless ($SIGPIPE_R) { |
|
|
1068 | if (AnyEvent::WIN32) { |
|
|
1069 | ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe (); |
|
|
1070 | AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R) if $SIGPIPE_R; |
|
|
1071 | AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case |
|
|
1072 | } else { |
|
|
1073 | pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W; |
|
|
1074 | require Fcntl; |
|
|
1075 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R; |
|
|
1076 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case |
|
|
1077 | } |
|
|
1078 | |
|
|
1079 | $SIGPIPE_R |
|
|
1080 | or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n"; |
|
|
1081 | |
|
|
1082 | $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec); |
|
|
1083 | } |
|
|
1084 | |
1053 | my $signal = uc $arg{signal} |
1085 | my $signal = uc $arg{signal} |
1054 | or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing"; |
1086 | or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing"; |
1055 | |
1087 | |
1056 | $SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb}; |
1088 | $SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb}; |
1057 | $SIG{$signal} ||= sub { |
1089 | $SIG{$signal} ||= sub { |
1058 | $_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} || {} }; |
1090 | syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV; |
|
|
1091 | undef $SIG_EV{$signal}; |
1059 | }; |
1092 | }; |
1060 | |
1093 | |
1061 | bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::Signal" |
1094 | bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::Signal" |
1062 | } |
1095 | } |
1063 | |
1096 | |
… | |
… | |
1263 | used, and preference will be given to protocols mentioned earlier in the |
1296 | used, and preference will be given to protocols mentioned earlier in the |
1264 | list. |
1297 | list. |
1265 | |
1298 | |
1266 | This variable can effectively be used for denial-of-service attacks |
1299 | This variable can effectively be used for denial-of-service attacks |
1267 | against local programs (e.g. when setuid), although the impact is likely |
1300 | against local programs (e.g. when setuid), although the impact is likely |
1268 | small, as the program has to handle connection errors already- |
1301 | small, as the program has to handle conenction and other failures anyways. |
1269 | |
1302 | |
1270 | Examples: C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4,ipv6> - prefer IPv4 over IPv6, |
1303 | Examples: C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4,ipv6> - prefer IPv4 over IPv6, |
1271 | but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4> |
1304 | but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4> |
1272 | - only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6 |
1305 | - only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6 |
1273 | addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or |
1306 | addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or |
… | |
… | |
1533 | watcher. |
1566 | watcher. |
1534 | |
1567 | |
1535 | =head3 Results |
1568 | =head3 Results |
1536 | |
1569 | |
1537 | name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment |
1570 | name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment |
1538 | EV/EV 400000 244 0.56 0.46 0.31 EV native interface |
1571 | EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface |
1539 | EV/Any 100000 244 2.50 0.46 0.29 EV + AnyEvent watchers |
1572 | EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers |
1540 | CoroEV/Any 100000 244 2.49 0.44 0.29 coroutines + Coro::Signal |
1573 | CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal |
1541 | Perl/Any 100000 513 4.92 0.87 1.12 pure perl implementation |
1574 | Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation |
1542 | Event/Event 16000 516 31.88 31.30 0.85 Event native interface |
1575 | Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface |
1543 | Event/Any 16000 590 35.75 31.42 1.08 Event + AnyEvent watchers |
1576 | Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers |
1544 | Glib/Any 16000 1357 98.22 12.41 54.00 quadratic behaviour |
1577 | Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour |
1545 | Tk/Any 2000 1860 26.97 67.98 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers |
1578 | Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers |
1546 | POE/Event 2000 6644 108.64 736.02 14.73 via POE::Loop::Event |
1579 | POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event |
1547 | POE/Select 2000 6343 94.13 809.12 565.96 via POE::Loop::Select |
1580 | POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select |
1548 | |
1581 | |
1549 | =head3 Discussion |
1582 | =head3 Discussion |
1550 | |
1583 | |
1551 | The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very |
1584 | The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very |
1552 | well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one) |
1585 | well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one) |
… | |
… | |
1754 | watchers, as the management overhead dominates. |
1787 | watchers, as the management overhead dominates. |
1755 | |
1788 | |
1756 | =back |
1789 | =back |
1757 | |
1790 | |
1758 | |
1791 | |
|
|
1792 | =head1 SIGNALS |
|
|
1793 | |
|
|
1794 | AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals: |
|
|
1795 | |
|
|
1796 | =over 4 |
|
|
1797 | |
|
|
1798 | =item SIGCHLD |
|
|
1799 | |
|
|
1800 | A handler for C<SIGCHLD> is installed by AnyEvent's child watcher |
|
|
1801 | emulation for event loops that do not support them natively. Also, some |
|
|
1802 | event loops install a similar handler. |
|
|
1803 | |
|
|
1804 | =item SIGPIPE |
|
|
1805 | |
|
|
1806 | A no-op handler is installed for C<SIGPIPE> when C<$SIG{PIPE}> is C<undef> |
|
|
1807 | when AnyEvent gets loaded. |
|
|
1808 | |
|
|
1809 | The rationale for this is that AnyEvent users usually do not really depend |
|
|
1810 | on SIGPIPE delivery (which is purely an optimisation for shell use, or |
|
|
1811 | badly-written programs), but C<SIGPIPE> can cause spurious and rare |
|
|
1812 | program exits as a lot of people do not expect C<SIGPIPE> when writing to |
|
|
1813 | some random socket. |
|
|
1814 | |
|
|
1815 | The rationale for installing a no-op handler as opposed to ignoring it is |
|
|
1816 | that this way, the handler will be restored to defaults on exec. |
|
|
1817 | |
|
|
1818 | Feel free to install your own handler, or reset it to defaults. |
|
|
1819 | |
|
|
1820 | =back |
|
|
1821 | |
|
|
1822 | =cut |
|
|
1823 | |
|
|
1824 | $SIG{PIPE} = sub { } |
|
|
1825 | unless defined $SIG{PIPE}; |
|
|
1826 | |
|
|
1827 | |
1759 | =head1 FORK |
1828 | =head1 FORK |
1760 | |
1829 | |
1761 | Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are |
1830 | Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are |
1762 | because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll> |
1831 | because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll> |
1763 | calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware. |
1832 | calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware. |