[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.329 by root, Sun Jul 11 05:44:22 2010 UTC vs.
Revision 1.354 by root, Thu Aug 11 21:26:39 2011 UTC

    # file handle or descriptor readable
    my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ...  });
    # one-shot or repeating timers
    my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ...  });
-   my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...
+   my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...);
    print AnyEvent->now;  # prints current event loop time
    print AnyEvent->time; # think Time::HiRes::time or simply CORE::time.
    # POSIX signal
 in a tutorial or some gentle introduction, have a look at the
 L<AnyEvent::Intro> manpage.
 =head1 SUPPORT
+An FAQ document is available as L<AnyEvent::FAQ>.
-There is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC
+There also is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC
 channel, too.
 See the AnyEvent project page at the B<Schmorpforge Ta-Sa Software
 Repository>, at L<http://anyevent.schmorp.de>, for more info.
 module users into the same thing by forcing them to use the same event
 model you use.
 For modules like POE or IO::Async (which is a total misnomer as it is
 actually doing all I/O I<synchronously>...), using them in your module is
-like joining a cult: After you joined, you are dependent on them and you
+like joining a cult: After you join, you are dependent on them and you
 cannot use anything else, as they are simply incompatible to everything
 that isn't them. What's worse, all the potential users of your
 module are I<also> forced to use the same event loop you use.
 AnyEvent is different: AnyEvent + POE works fine. AnyEvent + Glib works
 fine. AnyEvent + Tk works fine etc. etc. but none of these work together
-with the rest: POE + IO::Async? No go. Tk + Event? No go. Again: if
+with the rest: POE + EV? No go. Tk + Event? No go. Again: if your module
-your module uses one of those, every user of your module has to use it,
+uses one of those, every user of your module has to use it, too. But if
-too. But if your module uses AnyEvent, it works transparently with all
+your module uses AnyEvent, it works transparently with all event models it
-event models it supports (including stuff like IO::Async, as long as those
+supports (including stuff like IO::Async, as long as those use one of the
-use one of the supported event loops. It is trivial to add new event loops
+supported event loops. It is easy to add new event loops to AnyEvent, too,
-to AnyEvent, too, so it is future-proof).
+so it is future-proof).
 In addition to being free of having to use I<the one and only true event
 model>, AnyEvent also is free of bloat and policy: with POE or similar
 modules, you get an enormous amount of code and strict rules you have to
-follow. AnyEvent, on the other hand, is lean and up to the point, by only
+follow. AnyEvent, on the other hand, is lean and to the point, by only
 offering the functionality that is necessary, in as thin as a wrapper as
 technically possible.
 Of course, AnyEvent comes with a big (and fully optional!) toolbox
 of useful functionality, such as an asynchronous DNS resolver, 100%
 useful) and you want to force your users to use the one and only event
 model, you should I<not> use this module.
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
-L<AnyEvent> provides an identical interface to multiple event loops. This
+L<AnyEvent> provides a uniform interface to various event loops. This
-allows module authors to utilise an event loop without forcing module
+allows module authors to use event loop functionality without forcing
-users to use the same event loop (as only a single event loop can coexist
+module users to use a specific event loop implementation (since more
-peacefully at any one time).
+than one event loop cannot coexist peacefully).
 The interface itself is vaguely similar, but not identical to the L<Event>
 module.
 During the first call of any watcher-creation method, the module tries
 to detect the currently loaded event loop by probing whether one of the
-following modules is already loaded: L<EV>,
+following modules is already loaded: L<EV>, L<AnyEvent::Loop>,
-L<Event>, L<Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>,
+L<Event>, L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>. The first one
-L<POE>. The first one found is used. If none are found, the module tries
+found is used. If none are detected, the module tries to load the first
-to load these modules (excluding Tk, Event::Lib, Qt and POE as the pure perl
+four modules in the order given; but note that if L<EV> is not
-adaptor should always succeed) in the order given. The first one that can
+available, the pure-perl L<AnyEvent::Loop> should always work, so
-be successfully loaded will be used. If, after this, still none could be
+the other two are not normally tried.
-found, AnyEvent will fall back to a pure-perl event loop, which is not
-very efficient, but should work everywhere.
 Because AnyEvent first checks for modules that are already loaded, loading
 an event model explicitly before first using AnyEvent will likely make
 that model the default. For example:
 The I<likely> means that, if any module loads another event model and
 starts using it, all bets are off - this case should be very rare though,
 as very few modules hardcode event loops without announcing this very
 loudly.
-The pure-perl implementation of AnyEvent is called
+The pure-perl implementation of AnyEvent is called C<AnyEvent::Loop>. Like
-C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>. Like other event modules you can load it
+other event modules you can load it explicitly and enjoy the high
-explicitly and enjoy the high availability of that event loop :)
+availability of that event loop :)
 =head1 WATCHERS
 AnyEvent has the central concept of a I<watcher>, which is an object that
 stores relevant data for each kind of event you are waiting for, such as
 callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model
 is in control).
 Note that B<callbacks must not permanently change global variables>
 potentially in use by the event loop (such as C<$_> or C<$[>) and that B<<
-callbacks must not C<die> >>. The former is good programming practise in
+callbacks must not C<die> >>. The former is good programming practice in
 Perl and the latter stems from the fact that exception handling differs
 widely between event loops.
-To disable the watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the
+To disable a watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the
 variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references
 to it).
 All watchers are created by calling a method on the C<AnyEvent> class.
 Many watchers either are used with "recursion" (repeating timers for
 example), or need to refer to their watcher object in other ways.
-An any way to achieve that is this pattern:
+One way to achieve that is this pattern:
    my $w; $w = AnyEvent->type (arg => value ..., cb => sub {
       # you can use $w here, for example to undef it
       undef $w;
    });
 The I/O watcher might use the underlying file descriptor or a copy of it.
 You must not close a file handle as long as any watcher is active on the
 underlying file descriptor.
-Some event loops issue spurious readyness notifications, so you should
+Some event loops issue spurious readiness notifications, so you should
 always use non-blocking calls when reading/writing from/to your file
 handles.
 Example: wait for readability of STDIN, then read a line and disable the
 watcher.
 Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and
 presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent
 callbacks cannot use arguments passed to time watcher callbacks.
-The callback will normally be invoked once only. If you specify another
+The callback will normally be invoked only once. If you specify another
 parameter, C<interval>, as a strictly positive number (> 0), then the
 callback will be invoked regularly at that interval (in fractional
 seconds) after the first invocation. If C<interval> is specified with a
-false value, then it is treated as if it were missing.
+false value, then it is treated as if it were not specified at all.
 The callback will be rescheduled before invoking the callback, but no
-attempt is done to avoid timer drift in most backends, so the interval is
+attempt is made to avoid timer drift in most backends, so the interval is
 only approximate.
 Example: fire an event after 7.7 seconds.
    my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 7.7, cb => sub {
 While most event loops expect timers to specified in a relative way, they
 use absolute time internally. This makes a difference when your clock
 "jumps", for example, when ntp decides to set your clock backwards from
 the wrong date of 2014-01-01 to 2008-01-01, a watcher that is supposed to
-fire "after" a second might actually take six years to finally fire.
+fire "after a second" might actually take six years to finally fire.
 AnyEvent cannot compensate for this. The only event loop that is conscious
-about these issues is L<EV>, which offers both relative (ev_timer, based
+of these issues is L<EV>, which offers both relative (ev_timer, based
 on true relative time) and absolute (ev_periodic, based on wallclock time)
 timers.
 AnyEvent always prefers relative timers, if available, matching the
 AnyEvent API.
 I<In almost all cases (in all cases if you don't care), this is the
 function to call when you want to know the current time.>
 This function is also often faster then C<< AnyEvent->time >>, and
 thus the preferred method if you want some timestamp (for example,
-L<AnyEvent::Handle> uses this to update it's activity timeouts).
+L<AnyEvent::Handle> uses this to update its activity timeouts).
 The rest of this section is only of relevance if you try to be very exact
-with your timing, you can skip it without bad conscience.
+with your timing; you can skip it without a bad conscience.
 For a practical example of when these times differ, consider L<Event::Lib>
 and L<EV> and the following set-up:
-The event loop is running and has just invoked one of your callback at
+The event loop is running and has just invoked one of your callbacks at
 time=500 (assume no other callbacks delay processing). In your callback,
 you wait a second by executing C<sleep 1> (blocking the process for a
 second) and then (at time=501) you create a relative timer that fires
 after three seconds.
 difference between C<< AnyEvent->time >> and C<< AnyEvent->now >> into
 account.
 =item AnyEvent->now_update
-Some event loops (such as L<EV> or L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) cache
+Some event loops (such as L<EV> or L<AnyEvent::Loop>) cache the current
-the current time for each loop iteration (see the discussion of L<<
+time for each loop iteration (see the discussion of L<< AnyEvent->now >>,
-AnyEvent->now >>, above).
+above).
 When a callback runs for a long time (or when the process sleeps), then
 this "current" time will differ substantially from the real time, which
 might affect timers and time-outs.
 =head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds
 Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching
 callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot
 do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for
-this. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, which means in some cases,
+this. AnyEvent will try to do its best, which means in some cases,
 signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is
 specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This
 variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created,
 and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often
 AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values
 saving.
 All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional
 L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not
 work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib>
-(and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does it's own workaround with
+(and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does its own workaround with
 one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays.
 =head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
    $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>);
-You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.
+You can also watch for a child process exit and catch its exit status.
-The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends,
+The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (on some backends,
 using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will
 croak). The watcher will be triggered only when the child process has
 finished and an exit status is available, not on any trace events
 (stopped/continued).
 thing in an AnyEvent program, you I<have> to create at least one
 watcher before you C<fork> the child (alternatively, you can call
 C<AnyEvent::detect>).
 As most event loops do not support waiting for child events, they will be
-emulated by AnyEvent in most cases, in which the latency and race problems
+emulated by AnyEvent in most cases, in which case the latency and race
-mentioned in the description of signal watchers apply.
+problems mentioned in the description of signal watchers apply.
 Example: fork a process and wait for it
    my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;
 =head2 IDLE WATCHERS
    $w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>);
-Repeatedly invoke the callback after the process becomes idle, until
+This will repeatedly invoke the callback after the process becomes idle,
-either the watcher is destroyed or new events have been detected.
+until either the watcher is destroyed or new events have been detected.
 Idle watchers are useful when there is a need to do something, but it
 is not so important (or wise) to do it instantly. The callback will be
 invoked only when there is "nothing better to do", which is usually
 defined as "all outstanding events have been handled and no new events
 the signal fires.
 =item * Condition variables are like "Merge Points" - points in your program
 where you merge multiple independent results/control flows into one.
-=item * Condition variables represent a transaction - function that start
+=item * Condition variables represent a transaction - functions that start
 some kind of transaction can return them, leaving the caller the choice
 between waiting in a blocking fashion, or setting a callback.
 =item * Condition variables represent future values, or promises to deliver
 some result, long before the result is available.
 Condition variables are represented by hash refs in perl, and the keys
 used by AnyEvent itself are all named C<_ae_XXX> to make subclassing
 easy (it is often useful to build your own transaction class on top of
 AnyEvent). To subclass, use C<AnyEvent::CondVar> as base class and call
-it's C<new> method in your own C<new> method.
+its C<new> method in your own C<new> method.
 There are two "sides" to a condition variable - the "producer side" which
 eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits
 for the send to occur.
 they were a code reference). Calling them directly is the same as calling
 C<send>.
 =item $cv->croak ($error)
-Similar to send, but causes all call's to C<< ->recv >> to invoke
+Similar to send, but causes all calls to C<< ->recv >> to invoke
 C<Carp::croak> with the given error message/object/scalar.
 This can be used to signal any errors to the condition variable
 user/consumer. Doing it this way instead of calling C<croak> directly
-delays the error detetcion, but has the overwhelmign advantage that it
+delays the error detection, but has the overwhelming advantage that it
 diagnoses the error at the place where the result is expected, and not
-deep in some event clalback without connection to the actual code causing
+deep in some event callback with no connection to the actual code causing
 the problem.
 =item $cv->begin ([group callback])
 =item $cv->end
 one call to C<begin>, so the condvar waits for all calls to C<end> before
 sending.
 The ping example mentioned above is slightly more complicated, as the
 there are results to be passwd back, and the number of tasks that are
-begung can potentially be zero:
+begun can potentially be zero:
    my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
    my %result;
    $cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) });
 to be called once the counter reaches C<0>, and second, it ensures that
 C<send> is called even when C<no> hosts are being pinged (the loop
 doesn't execute once).
 This is the general pattern when you "fan out" into multiple (but
-potentially none) subrequests: use an outer C<begin>/C<end> pair to set
+potentially zero) subrequests: use an outer C<begin>/C<end> pair to set
 the callback and ensure C<end> is called at least once, and then, for each
 subrequest you start, call C<begin> and for each subrequest you finish,
 call C<end>.
 =back
 =over 4
 =item $cv->recv
 Wait (blocking if necessary) until the C<< ->send >> or C<< ->croak
->> methods have been called on c<$cv>, while servicing other watchers
+>> methods have been called on C<$cv>, while servicing other watchers
 normally.
 You can only wait once on a condition - additional calls are valid but
 will return immediately.
 caller decide whether the call will block or not (for example, by coupling
 condition variables with some kind of request results and supporting
 callbacks so the caller knows that getting the result will not block,
 while still supporting blocking waits if the caller so desires).
-You can ensure that C<< -recv >> never blocks by setting a callback and
+You can ensure that C<< ->recv >> never blocks by setting a callback and
 only calling C<< ->recv >> from within that callback (or at a later
 time). This will work even when the event loop does not support blocking
 waits otherwise.
 =item $bool = $cv->ready
 =item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))
 This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally
 replaces it before doing so.
-The callback will be called when the condition becomes (or already was)
+The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when
-"true", i.e. when C<send> or C<croak> are called (or were called), with
+C<send> or C<croak> are called, with the only argument being the
-the only argument being the condition variable itself. Calling C<recv>
+condition variable itself. If the condition is already true, the
+callback is called immediately when it is set. Calling C<recv> inside
-inside the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block.
+the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block.
 =back
 =head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS
 use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own
 pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with
 AnyEvent itself.
    AnyEvent::Impl::EV        based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).
-   AnyEvent::Impl::Perl      pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.
+   AnyEvent::Impl::Perl      pure-perl AnyEvent::Loop, fast and portable.
 =item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.
-These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher
+These will be used if they are already loaded when the first watcher
 is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using
 them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend
 when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to
 create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.
    AnyEvent::Impl::Glib      based on Glib, slow but very stable.
    AnyEvent::Impl::Tk        based on Tk, very broken.
    AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib  based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.
    AnyEvent::Impl::POE       based on POE, very slow, some limitations.
    AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi     used when running within irssi.
+   AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync   based on IO::Async.
+   AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa     based on Cocoa::EventLoop.
+   AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK      based on FLTK.
 =item Backends with special needs.
 Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will
 otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program
 instantiates the application before any AnyEvent watchers are created,
 everything should just work.
    AnyEvent::Impl::Qt        based on Qt.
-Support for IO::Async can only be partial, as it is too broken and
-architecturally limited to even support the AnyEvent API. It also
-is the only event loop that needs the loop to be set explicitly, so
-it can only be used by a main program knowing about AnyEvent. See
-L<AnyEvent::Impl::Async> for the gory details.
-   AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync   based on IO::Async, cannot be autoprobed.
 =item Event loops that are indirectly supported via other backends.
 Some event loops can be supported via other modules:
 There is no direct support for WxWidgets (L<Wx>) or L<Prima>.
 Contains C<undef> until the first watcher is being created, before the
 backend has been autodetected.
 Afterwards it contains the event model that is being used, which is the
 name of the Perl class implementing the model. This class is usually one
-of the C<AnyEvent::Impl:xxx> modules, but can be any other class in the
+of the C<AnyEvent::Impl::xxx> modules, but can be any other class in the
 case AnyEvent has been extended at runtime (e.g. in I<rxvt-unicode> it
 will be C<urxvt::anyevent>).
 =item AnyEvent::detect
 Returns C<$AnyEvent::MODEL>, forcing autodetection of the event model
 if necessary. You should only call this function right before you would
 have created an AnyEvent watcher anyway, that is, as late as possible at
-runtime, and not e.g. while initialising of your module.
+runtime, and not e.g. during initialisation of your module.
 If you need to do some initialisation before AnyEvent watchers are
 created, use C<post_detect>.
 =item $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }
 Arranges for the code block to be executed as soon as the event model is
-autodetected (or immediately if this has already happened).
+autodetected (or immediately if that has already happened).
 The block will be executed I<after> the actual backend has been detected
 (C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> is set), but I<before> any watchers have been
 created, so it is possible to e.g. patch C<@AnyEvent::ISA> or do
 other initialisations - see the sources of L<AnyEvent::Strict> or
 that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed (or
 C<undef> when the hook was immediately executed). See L<AnyEvent::AIO> for
 a case where this is useful.
 Example: Create a watcher for the IO::AIO module and store it in
-C<$WATCHER>. Only do so after the event loop is initialised, though.
+C<$WATCHER>, but do so only do so after the event loop is initialised.
    our WATCHER;
    my $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect {
       $WATCHER = AnyEvent->io (fh => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, poll => 'r', cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
    $WATCHER ||= $guard;
 =item @AnyEvent::post_detect
 If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it
-before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will called directly after
+before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will be called directly
-the event loop has been chosen.
+after the event loop has been chosen.
 You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:
 if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the
 array will be ignored.
       # AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent
       # as soon as it is
       push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent };
    }
+=item AnyEvent::postpone { BLOCK }
+Arranges for the block to be executed as soon as possible, but not before
+the call itself returns. In practise, the block will be executed just
+before the event loop polls for new events, or shortly afterwards.
+This function never returns anything (to make the C<return postpone { ...
+}> idiom more useful.
+To understand the usefulness of this function, consider a function that
+asynchronously does something for you and returns some transaction
+object or guard to let you cancel the operation. For example,
+C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>:
+   # start a conenction attempt unless one is active
+   $self->{connect_guard} ||= AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect "www.example.net", 80, sub {
+      delete $self->{connect_guard};
+      ...
+   };
+Imagine that this function could instantly call the callback, for
+example, because it detects an obvious error such as a negative port
+number. Invoking the callback before the function returns causes problems
+however: the callback will be called and will try to delete the guard
+object. But since the function hasn't returned yet, there is nothing to
+delete. When the function eventually returns it will assign the guard
+object to C<< $self->{connect_guard} >>, where it will likely never be
+deleted, so the program thinks it is still trying to connect.
+This is where C<AnyEvent::postpone> should be used. Instead of calling the
+callback directly on error:
+   $cb->(undef), return # signal error to callback, BAD!
+      if $some_error_condition;
+It should use C<postpone>:
+   AnyEvent::postpone { $cb->(undef) }, return # signal error to callback, later
+      if $some_error_condition;
 =back
 =head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE
 As a module author, you should C<use AnyEvent> and call AnyEvent methods
 because it will stall the whole program, and the whole point of using
 events is to stay interactive.
 It is fine, however, to call C<< ->recv >> when the user of your module
 requests it (i.e. if you create a http request object ad have a method
-called C<results> that returns the results, it should call C<< ->recv >>
+called C<results> that returns the results, it may call C<< ->recv >>
-freely, as the user of your module knows what she is doing. always).
+freely, as the user of your module knows what she is doing. Always).
 =head1 WHAT TO DO IN THE MAIN PROGRAM
 There will always be a single main program - the only place that should
 dictate which event model to use.
-If it doesn't care, it can just "use AnyEvent" and use it itself, or not
+If the program is not event-based, it need not do anything special, even
-do anything special (it does not need to be event-based) and let AnyEvent
+when it depends on a module that uses an AnyEvent. If the program itself
-decide which implementation to chose if some module relies on it.
+uses AnyEvent, but does not care which event loop is used, all it needs
+to do is C<use AnyEvent>. In either case, AnyEvent will choose the best
+available loop implementation.
 If the main program relies on a specific event model - for example, in
 Gtk2 programs you have to rely on the Glib module - you should load the
 event module before loading AnyEvent or any module that uses it: generally
 speaking, you should load it as early as possible. The reason is that
 modules might create watchers when they are loaded, and AnyEvent will
 decide on the event model to use as soon as it creates watchers, and it
-might chose the wrong one unless you load the correct one yourself.
+might choose the wrong one unless you load the correct one yourself.
 You can chose to use a pure-perl implementation by loading the
-C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl> module, which gives you similar behaviour
+C<AnyEvent::Loop> module, which gives you similar behaviour
 everywhere, but letting AnyEvent chose the model is generally better.
 =head2 MAINLOOP EMULATION
 Sometimes (often for short test scripts, or even standalone programs who
 =over 4
 =item L<AnyEvent::Util>
-Contains various utility functions that replace often-used but blocking
+Contains various utility functions that replace often-used blocking
-functions such as C<inet_aton> by event-/callback-based versions.
+functions such as C<inet_aton> with event/callback-based versions.
 =item L<AnyEvent::Socket>
 Provides various utility functions for (internet protocol) sockets,
 addresses and name resolution. Also functions to create non-blocking tcp
 =item L<AnyEvent::Handle>
 Provide read and write buffers, manages watchers for reads and writes,
 supports raw and formatted I/O, I/O queued and fully transparent and
-non-blocking SSL/TLS (via L<AnyEvent::TLS>.
+non-blocking SSL/TLS (via L<AnyEvent::TLS>).
 =item L<AnyEvent::DNS>
 Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.
 Here be danger!
 As Pauli would put it, "Not only is it not right, it's not even wrong!" -
 there are so many things wrong with AnyEvent::Handle::UDP, most notably
-it's use of a stream-based API with a protocol that isn't streamable, that
+its use of a stream-based API with a protocol that isn't streamable, that
 the only way to improve it is to delete it.
 It features data corruption (but typically only under load) and general
 confusion. On top, the author is not only clueless about UDP but also
 fact-resistant - some gems of his understanding: "connect doesn't work
 wrong with his module when it is explained to him.
 =item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
 Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you,
-notifying you in an event-bnased way when the operation is finished.
+notifying you in an event-based way when the operation is finished.
 =item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
 Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the
 toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses
 package AnyEvent;
 # basically a tuned-down version of common::sense
 sub common_sense {
-   # from common:.sense 1.0
+   # from common:.sense 3.4
-   ${^WARNING_BITS} = "\xfc\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf3\xcf\xc0\xf3\xfc\x33\x00";
+   ${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS} ^ "\x3c\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf0\x0f\xc0\xf0\xfc\x33\x00";
    # use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl)
    $^H |= 0x00000600;
 }
 BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
 use Carp ();
-our $VERSION = '5.271';
+our $VERSION = '5.34';
 our $MODEL;
 our $AUTOLOAD;
 our @ISA;
              $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6";
 }
 my @models = (
    [EV::                   => AnyEvent::Impl::EV::   , 1],
-   [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],
+   [AnyEvent::Loop::       => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],
    # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed
-   # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere
+   # as the pure perl backend should work everywhere
    # and is usually faster
    [Event::                => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1],
    [Glib::                 => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers
    [Event::Lib::           => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy
    [Irssi::                => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::],    # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package
    [Tk::                   => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::],       # crashes with many handles
    [Qt::                   => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::],       # requires special main program
    [POE::Kernel::          => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],      # lasciate ogni speranza
    [Wx::                   => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
    [Prima::                => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
-   # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its
-   # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.
-   # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any
-   # obvious default class.
-   [IO::Async::               => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
-   [IO::Async::Loop::         => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
+   [IO::Async::Loop::      => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::],
-   [IO::Async::Notifier::     => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
+   [Cocoa::EventLoop::     => AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa::],
-   [AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
+   [FLTK::                 => AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK::],
 );
 our %method = map +($_ => 1),
-   qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);
+   qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar DESTROY);
 our @post_detect;
 sub post_detect(&) {
    my ($cb) = @_;
                last;
             }
          }
          $MODEL
-           or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";
+           or die "AnyEvent: backend autodetection failed - did you properly install AnyEvent?\n";
       }
    }
    @models = (); # free probe data
    push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
    unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
-   # now nuke some methods that are overriden by the backend.
+   # now nuke some methods that are overridden by the backend.
    # SUPER is not allowed.
    for (qw(time signal child idle)) {
       undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"}
          if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"};
    }
-   require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
+   if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT}) {
+      eval { require AnyEvent::Strict };
+      warn "AnyEvent: cannot load AnyEvent::Strict: $@"
+         if $@ && $VERBOSE;
+   }
    (shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
    *post_detect = sub(&) {
       shift->();
    detect;
    my $class = shift;
    $class->$func (@_);
+}
+our $POSTPONE_W;
+our @POSTPONE;
+sub _postpone_exec {
+   undef $POSTPONE_W;
+   (pop @POSTPONE)->()
+      while @POSTPONE;
+}
+sub postpone(&) {
+   push @POSTPONE, shift;
+   $POSTPONE_W ||= AE::timer (0, 0, \&_postpone_exec);
+   ()
 }
 # utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends
 # to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually
 # allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one).
 }
 sub time() {
    AnyEvent->time
 }
+*postpone = \&AnyEvent::postpone;
 package AnyEvent::Base;
 # default implementations for many methods
 *now = \&time;
 sub now_update { }
+sub _poll {
+   Carp::croak "$AnyEvent::MODEL does not support blocking waits. Caught";
+}
 # default implementation for ->condvar
+# in fact, the default should not be overwritten
 sub condvar {
    eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
       *condvar = sub {
          bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
 # default implementation for ->child
 our %PID_CB;
 our $CHLD_W;
 our $CHLD_DELAY_W;
-our $WNOHANG;
 # used by many Impl's
 sub _emit_childstatus($$) {
    my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_;
    eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
       *_sigchld = sub {
          my $pid;
          AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?)
-            while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0;
+            while ($pid = waitpid -1, WNOHANG) > 0;
       };
       *child = sub {
          my (undef, %arg) = @_;
-         defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)
+         my $pid = $arg{pid};
-            or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";
+         my $cb  = $arg{cb};
-         $PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
+         $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb+0} = $cb;
-         # WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere
-         $WNOHANG ||= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd|netbsd|linux|freebsd|cygwin|MSWin32)$/
-                      ? 1
-                      : eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } || 1;
          unless ($CHLD_W) {
             $CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld;
             # child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round
             &_sigchld;
          }
-         bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"
+         bless [$pid, $cb+0], "AnyEvent::Base::child"
       };
       *AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY = sub {
-         my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
+         my ($pid, $icb) = @{$_[0]};
-         delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};
+         delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$icb};
          delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };
          undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;
       };
    };
 package AnyEvent::CondVar;
 our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;
+# only to be used for subclassing
+sub new {
+   my $class = shift;
+   bless AnyEvent->condvar (@_), $class
+}
 package AnyEvent::CondVar::Base;
 #use overload
 #   '&{}'    => sub { my $self = shift; sub { $self->send (@_) } },
 #   fallback => 1;
 sub _send {
    # nop
 }
+sub _wait {
+   AnyEvent->_poll until $_[0]{_ae_sent};
+}
 sub send {
    my $cv = shift;
    $cv->{_ae_sent} = [@_];
    (delete $cv->{_ae_cb})->($cv) if $cv->{_ae_cb};
    $cv->_send;
 sub ready {
    $_[0]{_ae_sent}
 }
-sub _wait {
-   $WAITING
-      and !$_[0]{_ae_sent}
-      and Carp::croak "AnyEvent::CondVar: recursive blocking wait detected";
-   local $WAITING = 1;
-   AnyEvent->one_event while !$_[0]{_ae_sent};
-}
 sub recv {
+   unless ($_[0]{_ae_sent}) {
+      $WAITING
+         and Carp::croak "AnyEvent::CondVar: recursive blocking wait attempted";
+      local $WAITING = 1;
-   $_[0]->_wait;
+      $_[0]->_wait;
+   }
-   Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};
+   $_[0]{_ae_croak}
-   wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]
+      and Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak};
+   wantarray
+      ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} }
+      : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]
 }
 sub cb {
    my $cv = shift;
    &{ $_[0]{_ae_end_cb} || sub { $_[0]->send } };
 }
 # undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4
 *broadcast = \&send;
-*wait      = \&_wait;
+*wait      = \&recv;
 =head1 ERROR AND EXCEPTION HANDLING
 In general, AnyEvent does not do any error handling - it relies on the
 caller to do that if required. The L<AnyEvent::Strict> module (see also
 check the arguments passed to most method calls. If it finds any problems,
 it will croak.
 In other words, enables "strict" mode.
-Unlike C<use strict> (or it's modern cousin, C<< use L<common::sense>
+Unlike C<use strict> (or its modern cousin, C<< use L<common::sense>
 >>, it is definitely recommended to keep it off in production. Keeping
 C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while developing programs
 can be very useful, however.
 =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>
 used as event model. If it fails to load AnyEvent will proceed with
 auto detection and -probing.
 This functionality might change in future versions.
-For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) you
+For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Loop::Perl>) you
 could start your program like this:
    PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ...
 =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS>
    unless defined $SIG{PIPE};
 =head1 RECOMMENDED/OPTIONAL MODULES
 One of AnyEvent's main goals is to be 100% Pure-Perl(tm): only perl (and
-it's built-in modules) are required to use it.
+its built-in modules) are required to use it.
 That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional
 modules if they are installed.
 This section explains which additional modules will be used, and how they
 the help of L<AnyEvent::TLS>), gains the ability to do TLS/SSL.
 =item L<Time::HiRes>
 This module is part of perl since release 5.008. It will be used when the
-chosen event library does not come with a timing source on it's own. The
+chosen event library does not come with a timing source of its own. The
-pure-perl event loop (L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) will additionally use it to
+pure-perl event loop (L<AnyEvent::Loop>) will additionally load it to
 try to use a monotonic clock for timing stability.
 =back
 pronounced).
 =head1 SEE ALSO
+Tutorial/Introduction: L<AnyEvent::Intro>.
+FAQ: L<AnyEvent::FAQ>.
 Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util>.
-Event modules: L<EV>, L<EV::Glib>, L<Glib::EV>, L<Event>, L<Glib::Event>,
+Event modules: L<AnyEvent::Loop>, L<EV>, L<EV::Glib>, L<Glib::EV>,
-L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>.
+L<Event>, L<Glib::Event>, L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>.
 Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>,
 L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>,
 L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>,
 L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>.
 Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and
 servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>.
 Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>.
-Coroutine support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>,
+Thread support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, L<Coro::Event>.
-L<Coro::Event>,
-Nontrivial usage examples: L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>,
+Nontrivial usage examples: L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::IRC>,
 L<AnyEvent::HTTP>.
 =head1 AUTHOR

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.329 by root, Sun Jul 11 05:44:22 2010 UTC vs.
Revision 1.354 by root, Thu Aug 11 21:26:39 2011 UTC