1 | =head1 NAME |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | |
2 | |
3 | AnyEvent - provide framework for multiple event loops |
3 | AnyEvent - provide framework for multiple event loops |
4 | |
4 | |
5 | EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Qt, POE - various supported event loops |
5 | EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Qt and POE are various supported |
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6 | event loops. |
6 | |
7 | |
7 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
8 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
8 | |
9 | |
9 | use AnyEvent; |
10 | use AnyEvent; |
10 | |
11 | |
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… | |
175 | =head2 I/O WATCHERS |
176 | =head2 I/O WATCHERS |
176 | |
177 | |
177 | You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method |
178 | You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method |
178 | with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments: |
179 | with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments: |
179 | |
180 | |
180 | C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (I<not> file descriptor) to watch |
181 | C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch |
181 | for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file |
182 | for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file |
182 | handle). Note that only file handles pointing to things for which |
183 | handle). Note that only file handles pointing to things for which |
183 | non-blocking operation makes sense are allowed. This includes sockets, |
184 | non-blocking operation makes sense are allowed. This includes sockets, |
184 | most character devices, pipes, fifos and so on, but not for example files |
185 | most character devices, pipes, fifos and so on, but not for example files |
185 | or block devices. |
186 | or block devices. |
… | |
… | |
391 | |
392 | |
392 | There is a slight catch to child watchers, however: you usually start them |
393 | There is a slight catch to child watchers, however: you usually start them |
393 | I<after> the child process was created, and this means the process could |
394 | I<after> the child process was created, and this means the process could |
394 | have exited already (and no SIGCHLD will be sent anymore). |
395 | have exited already (and no SIGCHLD will be sent anymore). |
395 | |
396 | |
396 | Not all event models handle this correctly (POE doesn't), but even for |
397 | Not all event models handle this correctly (neither POE nor IO::Async do, |
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398 | see their AnyEvent::Impl manpages for details), but even for event models |
397 | event models that I<do> handle this correctly, they usually need to be |
399 | that I<do> handle this correctly, they usually need to be loaded before |
398 | loaded before the process exits (i.e. before you fork in the first place). |
400 | the process exits (i.e. before you fork in the first place). AnyEvent's |
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401 | pure perl event loop handles all cases correctly regardless of when you |
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402 | start the watcher. |
399 | |
403 | |
400 | This means you cannot create a child watcher as the very first thing in an |
404 | This means you cannot create a child watcher as the very first |
401 | AnyEvent program, you I<have> to create at least one watcher before you |
405 | thing in an AnyEvent program, you I<have> to create at least one |
402 | C<fork> the child (alternatively, you can call C<AnyEvent::detect>). |
406 | watcher before you C<fork> the child (alternatively, you can call |
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407 | C<AnyEvent::detect>). |
403 | |
408 | |
404 | Example: fork a process and wait for it |
409 | Example: fork a process and wait for it |
405 | |
410 | |
406 | my $done = AnyEvent->condvar; |
411 | my $done = AnyEvent->condvar; |
407 | |
412 | |
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594 | |
599 | |
595 | =item $cv->begin ([group callback]) |
600 | =item $cv->begin ([group callback]) |
596 | |
601 | |
597 | =item $cv->end |
602 | =item $cv->end |
598 | |
603 | |
599 | These two methods are EXPERIMENTAL and MIGHT CHANGE. |
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600 | |
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601 | These two methods can be used to combine many transactions/events into |
604 | These two methods can be used to combine many transactions/events into |
602 | one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want |
605 | one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want |
603 | to use a condition variable for the whole process. |
606 | to use a condition variable for the whole process. |
604 | |
607 | |
605 | Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to |
608 | Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to |
606 | C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end |
609 | C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end |
607 | >>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback |
610 | >>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback |
608 | is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no |
611 | is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no |
609 | callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments. |
612 | callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments. |
610 | |
613 | |
611 | Let's clarify this with the ping example: |
614 | You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call |
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615 | sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND |
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616 | condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends). |
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617 | |
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618 | Let's start with a simple example: you have two I/O watchers (for example, |
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619 | STDOUT and STDERR for a program), and you want to wait for both streams to |
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620 | close before activating a condvar: |
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621 | |
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622 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
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623 | |
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624 | $cv->begin; # first watcher |
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625 | my $w1 = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh1, cb => sub { |
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626 | defined sysread $fh1, my $buf, 4096 |
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627 | or $cv->end; |
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628 | }); |
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629 | |
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630 | $cv->begin; # second watcher |
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631 | my $w2 = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh2, cb => sub { |
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632 | defined sysread $fh2, my $buf, 4096 |
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633 | or $cv->end; |
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634 | }); |
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635 | |
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636 | $cv->recv; |
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637 | |
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638 | This works because for every event source (EOF on file handle), there is |
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639 | one call to C<begin>, so the condvar waits for all calls to C<end> before |
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640 | sending. |
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641 | |
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642 | The ping example mentioned above is slightly more complicated, as the |
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643 | there are results to be passwd back, and the number of tasks that are |
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644 | begung can potentially be zero: |
612 | |
645 | |
613 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
646 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
614 | |
647 | |
615 | my %result; |
648 | my %result; |
616 | $cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) }); |
649 | $cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) }); |
… | |
… | |
636 | loop, which serves two important purposes: first, it sets the callback |
669 | loop, which serves two important purposes: first, it sets the callback |
637 | to be called once the counter reaches C<0>, and second, it ensures that |
670 | to be called once the counter reaches C<0>, and second, it ensures that |
638 | C<send> is called even when C<no> hosts are being pinged (the loop |
671 | C<send> is called even when C<no> hosts are being pinged (the loop |
639 | doesn't execute once). |
672 | doesn't execute once). |
640 | |
673 | |
641 | This is the general pattern when you "fan out" into multiple subrequests: |
674 | This is the general pattern when you "fan out" into multiple (but |
642 | use an outer C<begin>/C<end> pair to set the callback and ensure C<end> |
675 | potentially none) subrequests: use an outer C<begin>/C<end> pair to set |
643 | is called at least once, and then, for each subrequest you start, call |
676 | the callback and ensure C<end> is called at least once, and then, for each |
644 | C<begin> and for each subrequest you finish, call C<end>. |
677 | subrequest you start, call C<begin> and for each subrequest you finish, |
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678 | call C<end>. |
645 | |
679 | |
646 | =back |
680 | =back |
647 | |
681 | |
648 | =head3 METHODS FOR CONSUMERS |
682 | =head3 METHODS FOR CONSUMERS |
649 | |
683 | |
… | |
… | |
706 | variable itself. Calling C<recv> inside the callback or at any later time |
740 | variable itself. Calling C<recv> inside the callback or at any later time |
707 | is guaranteed not to block. |
741 | is guaranteed not to block. |
708 | |
742 | |
709 | =back |
743 | =back |
710 | |
744 | |
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745 | =head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS |
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746 | |
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747 | The available backend classes are (every class has its own manpage): |
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748 | |
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749 | =over 4 |
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750 | |
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751 | =item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found. |
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752 | |
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753 | EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in |
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754 | use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will try Event, and, failing |
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755 | that, will fall back to its own pure-perl implementation, which is |
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756 | available everywhere as it comes with AnyEvent itself. |
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757 | |
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758 | AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice). |
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759 | AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches. |
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760 | AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable. |
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761 | |
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762 | =item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used. |
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763 | |
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764 | These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher |
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765 | is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using |
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766 | them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend |
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767 | when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to |
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768 | create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program. |
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769 | |
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770 | AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable. |
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771 | AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken. |
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772 | AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. |
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773 | AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. |
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774 | |
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775 | =item Backends with special needs. |
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776 | |
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777 | Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will |
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778 | otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program |
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779 | instantiates the application before any AnyEvent watchers are created, |
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780 | everything should just work. |
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781 | |
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782 | AnyEvent::Impl::Qt based on Qt. |
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783 | |
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784 | Support for IO::Async can only be partial, as it is too broken and |
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785 | architecturally limited to even support the AnyEvent API. It also |
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786 | is the only event loop that needs the loop to be set explicitly, so |
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787 | it can only be used by a main program knowing about AnyEvent. See |
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788 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::Async> for the gory details. |
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789 | |
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790 | AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync based on IO::Async, cannot be autoprobed. |
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791 | |
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792 | =item Event loops that are indirectly supported via other backends. |
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793 | |
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794 | Some event loops can be supported via other modules: |
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795 | |
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796 | There is no direct support for WxWidgets (L<Wx>) or L<Prima>. |
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797 | |
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798 | B<WxWidgets> has no support for watching file handles. However, you can |
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799 | use WxWidgets through the POE adaptor, as POE has a Wx backend that simply |
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800 | polls 20 times per second, which was considered to be too horrible to even |
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801 | consider for AnyEvent. |
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802 | |
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803 | B<Prima> is not supported as nobody seems to be using it, but it has a POE |
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804 | backend, so it can be supported through POE. |
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805 | |
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806 | AnyEvent knows about both L<Prima> and L<Wx>, however, and will try to |
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807 | load L<POE> when detecting them, in the hope that POE will pick them up, |
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808 | in which case everything will be automatic. |
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809 | |
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810 | =back |
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811 | |
711 | =head1 GLOBAL VARIABLES AND FUNCTIONS |
812 | =head1 GLOBAL VARIABLES AND FUNCTIONS |
712 | |
813 | |
713 | =over 4 |
814 | =over 4 |
714 | |
815 | |
715 | =item $AnyEvent::MODEL |
816 | =item $AnyEvent::MODEL |
… | |
… | |
717 | Contains C<undef> until the first watcher is being created. Then it |
818 | Contains C<undef> until the first watcher is being created. Then it |
718 | contains the event model that is being used, which is the name of the |
819 | contains the event model that is being used, which is the name of the |
719 | Perl class implementing the model. This class is usually one of the |
820 | Perl class implementing the model. This class is usually one of the |
720 | C<AnyEvent::Impl:xxx> modules, but can be any other class in the case |
821 | C<AnyEvent::Impl:xxx> modules, but can be any other class in the case |
721 | AnyEvent has been extended at runtime (e.g. in I<rxvt-unicode>). |
822 | AnyEvent has been extended at runtime (e.g. in I<rxvt-unicode>). |
722 | |
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723 | The known classes so far are: |
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724 | |
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725 | AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (an interface to libev, best choice). |
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726 | AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, second best choice. |
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727 | AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable. |
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728 | AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, third-best choice. |
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729 | AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very bad choice. |
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730 | AnyEvent::Impl::Qt based on Qt, cannot be autoprobed (see its docs). |
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731 | AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. |
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732 | AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, not generic enough for full support. |
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733 | |
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734 | There is no support for WxWidgets, as WxWidgets has no support for |
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735 | watching file handles. However, you can use WxWidgets through the |
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736 | POE Adaptor, as POE has a Wx backend that simply polls 20 times per |
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737 | second, which was considered to be too horrible to even consider for |
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738 | AnyEvent. Likewise, other POE backends can be used by AnyEvent by using |
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739 | it's adaptor. |
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740 | |
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741 | AnyEvent knows about L<Prima> and L<Wx> and will try to use L<POE> when |
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742 | autodetecting them. |
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743 | |
823 | |
744 | =item AnyEvent::detect |
824 | =item AnyEvent::detect |
745 | |
825 | |
746 | Returns C<$AnyEvent::MODEL>, forcing autodetection of the event model |
826 | Returns C<$AnyEvent::MODEL>, forcing autodetection of the event model |
747 | if necessary. You should only call this function right before you would |
827 | if necessary. You should only call this function right before you would |
… | |
… | |
830 | |
910 | |
831 | |
911 | |
832 | =head1 OTHER MODULES |
912 | =head1 OTHER MODULES |
833 | |
913 | |
834 | The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use |
914 | The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use |
835 | AnyEvent and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent modules |
915 | AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent |
836 | in the same program. Some of the modules come with AnyEvent, some are |
916 | modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the modules |
837 | available via CPAN. |
917 | come with AnyEvent, most are available via CPAN. |
838 | |
918 | |
839 | =over 4 |
919 | =over 4 |
840 | |
920 | |
841 | =item L<AnyEvent::Util> |
921 | =item L<AnyEvent::Util> |
842 | |
922 | |
… | |
… | |
851 | |
931 | |
852 | =item L<AnyEvent::Handle> |
932 | =item L<AnyEvent::Handle> |
853 | |
933 | |
854 | Provide read and write buffers, manages watchers for reads and writes, |
934 | Provide read and write buffers, manages watchers for reads and writes, |
855 | supports raw and formatted I/O, I/O queued and fully transparent and |
935 | supports raw and formatted I/O, I/O queued and fully transparent and |
856 | non-blocking SSL/TLS. |
936 | non-blocking SSL/TLS (via L<AnyEvent::TLS>. |
857 | |
937 | |
858 | =item L<AnyEvent::DNS> |
938 | =item L<AnyEvent::DNS> |
859 | |
939 | |
860 | Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities. |
940 | Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities. |
861 | |
941 | |
… | |
… | |
889 | |
969 | |
890 | =item L<AnyEvent::GPSD> |
970 | =item L<AnyEvent::GPSD> |
891 | |
971 | |
892 | A non-blocking interface to gpsd, a daemon delivering GPS information. |
972 | A non-blocking interface to gpsd, a daemon delivering GPS information. |
893 | |
973 | |
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974 | =item L<AnyEvent::IRC> |
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975 | |
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976 | AnyEvent based IRC client module family (replacing the older Net::IRC3). |
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977 | |
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978 | =item L<AnyEvent::XMPP> |
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979 | |
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980 | AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family (replacing the older |
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981 | Net::XMPP2>. |
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982 | |
894 | =item L<AnyEvent::IGS> |
983 | =item L<AnyEvent::IGS> |
895 | |
984 | |
896 | A non-blocking interface to the Internet Go Server protocol (used by |
985 | A non-blocking interface to the Internet Go Server protocol (used by |
897 | L<App::IGS>). |
986 | L<App::IGS>). |
898 | |
987 | |
899 | =item L<AnyEvent::IRC> |
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900 | |
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901 | AnyEvent based IRC client module family (replacing the older Net::IRC3). |
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902 | |
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903 | =item L<Net::XMPP2> |
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904 | |
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905 | AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family. |
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906 | |
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907 | =item L<Net::FCP> |
988 | =item L<Net::FCP> |
908 | |
989 | |
909 | AnyEvent-based implementation of the Freenet Client Protocol, birthplace |
990 | AnyEvent-based implementation of the Freenet Client Protocol, birthplace |
910 | of AnyEvent. |
991 | of AnyEvent. |
911 | |
992 | |
… | |
… | |
915 | |
996 | |
916 | =item L<Coro> |
997 | =item L<Coro> |
917 | |
998 | |
918 | Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>. |
999 | Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>. |
919 | |
1000 | |
920 | =item L<IO::Lambda> |
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921 | |
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922 | The lambda approach to I/O - don't ask, look there. Can use AnyEvent. |
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923 | |
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924 | =back |
1001 | =back |
925 | |
1002 | |
926 | =cut |
1003 | =cut |
927 | |
1004 | |
928 | package AnyEvent; |
1005 | package AnyEvent; |
… | |
… | |
930 | no warnings; |
1007 | no warnings; |
931 | use strict qw(vars subs); |
1008 | use strict qw(vars subs); |
932 | |
1009 | |
933 | use Carp; |
1010 | use Carp; |
934 | |
1011 | |
935 | our $VERSION = 4.4; |
1012 | our $VERSION = 4.801; |
936 | our $MODEL; |
1013 | our $MODEL; |
937 | |
1014 | |
938 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
1015 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
939 | our @ISA; |
1016 | our @ISA; |
940 | |
1017 | |
941 | our @REGISTRY; |
1018 | our @REGISTRY; |
942 | |
1019 | |
943 | our $WIN32; |
1020 | our $WIN32; |
944 | |
1021 | |
945 | BEGIN { |
1022 | BEGIN { |
946 | my $win32 = ! ! ($^O =~ /mswin32/i); |
1023 | eval "sub WIN32(){ " . (($^O =~ /mswin32/i)*1) ." }"; |
947 | eval "sub WIN32(){ $win32 }"; |
1024 | eval "sub TAINT(){ " . (${^TAINT}*1) . " }"; |
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1025 | |
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1026 | delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV} |
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1027 | if ${^TAINT}; |
948 | } |
1028 | } |
949 | |
1029 | |
950 | our $verbose = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1; |
1030 | our $verbose = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1; |
951 | |
1031 | |
952 | our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4|ipv6) => (1|2), higher numbers are preferred |
1032 | our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4|ipv6) => (1|2), higher numbers are preferred |
… | |
… | |
963 | [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::], |
1043 | [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::], |
964 | [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl::], |
1044 | [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl::], |
965 | # everything below here will not be autoprobed |
1045 | # everything below here will not be autoprobed |
966 | # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere |
1046 | # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere |
967 | # and is usually faster |
1047 | # and is usually faster |
968 | [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles |
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969 | [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib::], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers |
1048 | [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib::], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers |
970 | [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy |
1049 | [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy |
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1050 | [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles |
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1051 | [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza |
971 | [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program |
1052 | [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program |
972 | [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza |
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973 | [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1053 | [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
974 | [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1054 | [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
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1055 | # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its |
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1056 | # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others. |
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1057 | # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any |
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1058 | # obvious default class. |
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1059 | # [IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
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1060 | # [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
|
|
1061 | # [IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
975 | ); |
1062 | ); |
976 | |
1063 | |
977 | our %method = map +($_ => 1), |
1064 | our %method = map +($_ => 1), |
978 | qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY); |
1065 | qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY); |
979 | |
1066 | |
… | |
… | |
1071 | } |
1158 | } |
1072 | |
1159 | |
1073 | # utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends |
1160 | # utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends |
1074 | # to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually |
1161 | # to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually |
1075 | # allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one). |
1162 | # allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one). |
1076 | sub _dupfh($$$$) { |
1163 | sub _dupfh($$;$$) { |
1077 | my ($poll, $fh, $r, $w) = @_; |
1164 | my ($poll, $fh, $r, $w) = @_; |
1078 | |
1165 | |
1079 | # cygwin requires the fh mode to be matching, unix doesn't |
1166 | # cygwin requires the fh mode to be matching, unix doesn't |
1080 | my ($rw, $mode) = $poll eq "r" ? ($r, "<") |
1167 | my ($rw, $mode) = $poll eq "r" ? ($r, "<") : ($w, ">"); |
1081 | : $poll eq "w" ? ($w, ">") |
|
|
1082 | : Carp::croak "AnyEvent->io requires poll set to either 'r' or 'w'"; |
|
|
1083 | |
1168 | |
1084 | open my $fh2, "$mode&" . fileno $fh |
1169 | open my $fh2, "$mode&", $fh |
1085 | or die "cannot dup() filehandle: $!,"; |
1170 | or die "AnyEvent->io: cannot dup() filehandle in mode '$poll': $!,"; |
1086 | |
1171 | |
1087 | # we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases |
1172 | # we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases |
1088 | |
1173 | |
1089 | ($fh2, $rw) |
1174 | ($fh2, $rw) |
1090 | } |
1175 | } |
… | |
… | |
1141 | AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case |
1226 | AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case |
1142 | } else { |
1227 | } else { |
1143 | pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W; |
1228 | pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W; |
1144 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R; |
1229 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R; |
1145 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case |
1230 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case |
|
|
1231 | |
|
|
1232 | # not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure... |
|
|
1233 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC; |
|
|
1234 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC; |
1146 | } |
1235 | } |
1147 | |
1236 | |
1148 | $SIGPIPE_R |
1237 | $SIGPIPE_R |
1149 | or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n"; |
1238 | or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n"; |
1150 | |
|
|
1151 | # not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure... |
|
|
1152 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC; |
|
|
1153 | fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC; |
|
|
1154 | |
1239 | |
1155 | $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec); |
1240 | $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec); |
1156 | } |
1241 | } |
1157 | |
1242 | |
1158 | my $signal = uc $arg{signal} |
1243 | my $signal = uc $arg{signal} |
… | |
… | |
1171 | sub AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY { |
1256 | sub AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY { |
1172 | my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]}; |
1257 | my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]}; |
1173 | |
1258 | |
1174 | delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb}; |
1259 | delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb}; |
1175 | |
1260 | |
|
|
1261 | # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then |
|
|
1262 | # print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit |
|
|
1263 | # instead of getting the default action. |
1176 | delete $SIG{$signal} unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} }; |
1264 | undef $SIG{$signal} unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} }; |
1177 | } |
1265 | } |
1178 | |
1266 | |
1179 | # default implementation for ->child |
1267 | # default implementation for ->child |
1180 | |
1268 | |
1181 | our %PID_CB; |
1269 | our %PID_CB; |
1182 | our $CHLD_W; |
1270 | our $CHLD_W; |
1183 | our $CHLD_DELAY_W; |
1271 | our $CHLD_DELAY_W; |
1184 | our $PID_IDLE; |
|
|
1185 | our $WNOHANG; |
1272 | our $WNOHANG; |
1186 | |
1273 | |
1187 | sub _child_wait { |
1274 | sub _sigchld { |
1188 | while (0 < (my $pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG)) { |
1275 | while (0 < (my $pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG)) { |
1189 | $_->($pid, $?) for (values %{ $PID_CB{$pid} || {} }), |
1276 | $_->($pid, $?) for (values %{ $PID_CB{$pid} || {} }), |
1190 | (values %{ $PID_CB{0} || {} }); |
1277 | (values %{ $PID_CB{0} || {} }); |
1191 | } |
1278 | } |
1192 | |
|
|
1193 | undef $PID_IDLE; |
|
|
1194 | } |
|
|
1195 | |
|
|
1196 | sub _sigchld { |
|
|
1197 | # make sure we deliver these changes "synchronous" with the event loop. |
|
|
1198 | $CHLD_DELAY_W ||= AnyEvent->timer (after => 0, cb => sub { |
|
|
1199 | undef $CHLD_DELAY_W; |
|
|
1200 | &_child_wait; |
|
|
1201 | }); |
|
|
1202 | } |
1279 | } |
1203 | |
1280 | |
1204 | sub child { |
1281 | sub child { |
1205 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1282 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1206 | |
1283 | |
1207 | defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0) |
1284 | defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0) |
1208 | or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing"; |
1285 | or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing"; |
1209 | |
1286 | |
1210 | $PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb}; |
1287 | $PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb}; |
1211 | |
1288 | |
1212 | unless ($WNOHANG) { |
|
|
1213 | $WNOHANG = eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } || 1; |
1289 | $WNOHANG ||= eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } || 1; |
1214 | } |
|
|
1215 | |
1290 | |
1216 | unless ($CHLD_W) { |
1291 | unless ($CHLD_W) { |
1217 | $CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld); |
1292 | $CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld); |
1218 | # child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round |
1293 | # child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round |
1219 | &_sigchld; |
1294 | &_sigchld; |
… | |
… | |
1230 | |
1305 | |
1231 | undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB; |
1306 | undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB; |
1232 | } |
1307 | } |
1233 | |
1308 | |
1234 | # idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless |
1309 | # idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless |
1235 | # of whether the proces sis idle or not, and not letting |
1310 | # of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting |
1236 | # the callback use more than 50% of the time. |
1311 | # the callback use more than 50% of the time. |
1237 | sub idle { |
1312 | sub idle { |
1238 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1313 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1239 | |
1314 | |
1240 | my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb}; |
1315 | my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb}; |
… | |
… | |
1346 | so on. |
1421 | so on. |
1347 | |
1422 | |
1348 | =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES |
1423 | =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES |
1349 | |
1424 | |
1350 | The following environment variables are used by this module or its |
1425 | The following environment variables are used by this module or its |
1351 | submodules: |
1426 | submodules. |
|
|
1427 | |
|
|
1428 | Note that AnyEvent will remove I<all> environment variables starting with |
|
|
1429 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_> from C<%ENV> when it is loaded while taint mode is |
|
|
1430 | enabled. |
1352 | |
1431 | |
1353 | =over 4 |
1432 | =over 4 |
1354 | |
1433 | |
1355 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> |
1434 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> |
1356 | |
1435 | |
… | |
… | |
1368 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT> |
1447 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT> |
1369 | |
1448 | |
1370 | AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough |
1449 | AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough |
1371 | argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value |
1450 | argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value |
1372 | will cause AnyEvent to load C<AnyEvent::Strict> and then to thoroughly |
1451 | will cause AnyEvent to load C<AnyEvent::Strict> and then to thoroughly |
1373 | check the arguments passed to most method calls. If it finds any problems |
1452 | check the arguments passed to most method calls. If it finds any problems, |
1374 | it will croak. |
1453 | it will croak. |
1375 | |
1454 | |
1376 | In other words, enables "strict" mode. |
1455 | In other words, enables "strict" mode. |
1377 | |
1456 | |
1378 | Unlike C<use strict>, it is definitely recommended ot keep it off in |
1457 | Unlike C<use strict>, it is definitely recommended to keep it off in |
1379 | production. Keeping C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while |
1458 | production. Keeping C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while |
1380 | developing programs can be very useful, however. |
1459 | developing programs can be very useful, however. |
1381 | |
1460 | |
1382 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL> |
1461 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL> |
1383 | |
1462 | |
… | |
… | |
1428 | |
1507 | |
1429 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS> |
1508 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS> |
1430 | |
1509 | |
1431 | The maximum number of child processes that C<AnyEvent::Util::fork_call> |
1510 | The maximum number of child processes that C<AnyEvent::Util::fork_call> |
1432 | will create in parallel. |
1511 | will create in parallel. |
|
|
1512 | |
|
|
1513 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_OUTSTANDING_DNS> |
|
|
1514 | |
|
|
1515 | The default value for the C<max_outstanding> parameter for the default DNS |
|
|
1516 | resolver - this is the maximum number of parallel DNS requests that are |
|
|
1517 | sent to the DNS server. |
|
|
1518 | |
|
|
1519 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_RESOLV_CONF> |
|
|
1520 | |
|
|
1521 | The file to use instead of F</etc/resolv.conf> (or OS-specific |
|
|
1522 | configuration) in the default resolver. When set to the empty string, no |
|
|
1523 | default config will be used. |
|
|
1524 | |
|
|
1525 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_FILE>, C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_PATH>. |
|
|
1526 | |
|
|
1527 | When neither C<ca_file> nor C<ca_path> was specified during |
|
|
1528 | L<AnyEvent::TLS> context creation, and either of these environment |
|
|
1529 | variables exist, they will be used to specify CA certificate locations |
|
|
1530 | instead of a system-dependent default. |
1433 | |
1531 | |
1434 | =back |
1532 | =back |
1435 | |
1533 | |
1436 | =head1 SUPPLYING YOUR OWN EVENT MODEL INTERFACE |
1534 | =head1 SUPPLYING YOUR OWN EVENT MODEL INTERFACE |
1437 | |
1535 | |
… | |
… | |
1682 | EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers |
1780 | EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers |
1683 | CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal |
1781 | CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal |
1684 | Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation |
1782 | Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation |
1685 | Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface |
1783 | Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface |
1686 | Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers |
1784 | Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers |
|
|
1785 | IOAsync/Any 16000 989 38.10 32.77 11.13 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll |
|
|
1786 | IOAsync/Any 16000 990 37.59 29.50 10.61 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll |
1687 | Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour |
1787 | Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour |
1688 | Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers |
1788 | Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers |
1689 | POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event |
1789 | POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event |
1690 | POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select |
1790 | POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select |
1691 | |
1791 | |
… | |
… | |
1720 | performance becomes really bad with lots of file descriptors (and few of |
1820 | performance becomes really bad with lots of file descriptors (and few of |
1721 | them active), of course, but this was not subject of this benchmark. |
1821 | them active), of course, but this was not subject of this benchmark. |
1722 | |
1822 | |
1723 | The C<Event> module has a relatively high setup and callback invocation |
1823 | The C<Event> module has a relatively high setup and callback invocation |
1724 | cost, but overall scores in on the third place. |
1824 | cost, but overall scores in on the third place. |
|
|
1825 | |
|
|
1826 | C<IO::Async> performs admirably well, about on par with C<Event>, even |
|
|
1827 | when using its pure perl backend. |
1725 | |
1828 | |
1726 | C<Glib>'s memory usage is quite a bit higher, but it features a |
1829 | C<Glib>'s memory usage is quite a bit higher, but it features a |
1727 | faster callback invocation and overall ends up in the same class as |
1830 | faster callback invocation and overall ends up in the same class as |
1728 | C<Event>. However, Glib scales extremely badly, doubling the number of |
1831 | C<Event>. However, Glib scales extremely badly, doubling the number of |
1729 | watchers increases the processing time by more than a factor of four, |
1832 | watchers increases the processing time by more than a factor of four, |
… | |
… | |
1807 | it to another server. This includes deleting the old timeout and creating |
1910 | it to another server. This includes deleting the old timeout and creating |
1808 | a new one that moves the timeout into the future. |
1911 | a new one that moves the timeout into the future. |
1809 | |
1912 | |
1810 | =head3 Results |
1913 | =head3 Results |
1811 | |
1914 | |
1812 | name sockets create request |
1915 | name sockets create request |
1813 | EV 20000 69.01 11.16 |
1916 | EV 20000 69.01 11.16 |
1814 | Perl 20000 73.32 35.87 |
1917 | Perl 20000 73.32 35.87 |
|
|
1918 | IOAsync 20000 157.00 98.14 epoll |
|
|
1919 | IOAsync 20000 159.31 616.06 poll |
1815 | Event 20000 212.62 257.32 |
1920 | Event 20000 212.62 257.32 |
1816 | Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30 |
1921 | Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30 |
1817 | POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event |
1922 | POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event |
1818 | |
1923 | |
1819 | =head3 Discussion |
1924 | =head3 Discussion |
1820 | |
1925 | |
1821 | This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the |
1926 | This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the |
1822 | particular event loop. |
1927 | particular event loop. |
… | |
… | |
1824 | EV is again fastest. Since it is using epoll on my system, the setup time |
1929 | EV is again fastest. Since it is using epoll on my system, the setup time |
1825 | is relatively high, though. |
1930 | is relatively high, though. |
1826 | |
1931 | |
1827 | Perl surprisingly comes second. It is much faster than the C-based event |
1932 | Perl surprisingly comes second. It is much faster than the C-based event |
1828 | loops Event and Glib. |
1933 | loops Event and Glib. |
|
|
1934 | |
|
|
1935 | IO::Async performs very well when using its epoll backend, and still quite |
|
|
1936 | good compared to Glib when using its pure perl backend. |
1829 | |
1937 | |
1830 | Event suffers from high setup time as well (look at its code and you will |
1938 | Event suffers from high setup time as well (look at its code and you will |
1831 | understand why). Callback invocation also has a high overhead compared to |
1939 | understand why). Callback invocation also has a high overhead compared to |
1832 | the C<< $_->() for .. >>-style loop that the Perl event loop uses. Event |
1940 | the C<< $_->() for .. >>-style loop that the Perl event loop uses. Event |
1833 | uses select or poll in basically all documented configurations. |
1941 | uses select or poll in basically all documented configurations. |
… | |
… | |
1896 | =item * C-based event loops perform very well with small number of |
2004 | =item * C-based event loops perform very well with small number of |
1897 | watchers, as the management overhead dominates. |
2005 | watchers, as the management overhead dominates. |
1898 | |
2006 | |
1899 | =back |
2007 | =back |
1900 | |
2008 | |
|
|
2009 | =head2 THE IO::Lambda BENCHMARK |
|
|
2010 | |
|
|
2011 | Recently I was told about the benchmark in the IO::Lambda manpage, which |
|
|
2012 | could be misinterpreted to make AnyEvent look bad. In fact, the benchmark |
|
|
2013 | simply compares IO::Lambda with POE, and IO::Lambda looks better (which |
|
|
2014 | shouldn't come as a surprise to anybody). As such, the benchmark is |
|
|
2015 | fine, and mostly shows that the AnyEvent backend from IO::Lambda isn't |
|
|
2016 | very optimal. But how would AnyEvent compare when used without the extra |
|
|
2017 | baggage? To explore this, I wrote the equivalent benchmark for AnyEvent. |
|
|
2018 | |
|
|
2019 | The benchmark itself creates an echo-server, and then, for 500 times, |
|
|
2020 | connects to the echo server, sends a line, waits for the reply, and then |
|
|
2021 | creates the next connection. This is a rather bad benchmark, as it doesn't |
|
|
2022 | test the efficiency of the framework or much non-blocking I/O, but it is a |
|
|
2023 | benchmark nevertheless. |
|
|
2024 | |
|
|
2025 | name runtime |
|
|
2026 | Lambda/select 0.330 sec |
|
|
2027 | + optimized 0.122 sec |
|
|
2028 | Lambda/AnyEvent 0.327 sec |
|
|
2029 | + optimized 0.138 sec |
|
|
2030 | Raw sockets/select 0.077 sec |
|
|
2031 | POE/select, components 0.662 sec |
|
|
2032 | POE/select, raw sockets 0.226 sec |
|
|
2033 | POE/select, optimized 0.404 sec |
|
|
2034 | |
|
|
2035 | AnyEvent/select/nb 0.085 sec |
|
|
2036 | AnyEvent/EV/nb 0.068 sec |
|
|
2037 | +state machine 0.134 sec |
|
|
2038 | |
|
|
2039 | The benchmark is also a bit unfair (my fault): the IO::Lambda/POE |
|
|
2040 | benchmarks actually make blocking connects and use 100% blocking I/O, |
|
|
2041 | defeating the purpose of an event-based solution. All of the newly |
|
|
2042 | written AnyEvent benchmarks use 100% non-blocking connects (using |
|
|
2043 | AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect and the asynchronous pure perl DNS |
|
|
2044 | resolver), so AnyEvent is at a disadvantage here, as non-blocking connects |
|
|
2045 | generally require a lot more bookkeeping and event handling than blocking |
|
|
2046 | connects (which involve a single syscall only). |
|
|
2047 | |
|
|
2048 | The last AnyEvent benchmark additionally uses L<AnyEvent::Handle>, which |
|
|
2049 | offers similar expressive power as POE and IO::Lambda, using conventional |
|
|
2050 | Perl syntax. This means that both the echo server and the client are 100% |
|
|
2051 | non-blocking, further placing it at a disadvantage. |
|
|
2052 | |
|
|
2053 | As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the |
|
|
2054 | hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl |
|
|
2055 | backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE. |
|
|
2056 | |
|
|
2057 | And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and |
|
|
2058 | slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda by a |
|
|
2059 | large margin, even though it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O |
|
|
2060 | in a non-blocking way. |
|
|
2061 | |
|
|
2062 | The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and |
|
|
2063 | F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are |
|
|
2064 | part of the IO::lambda distribution and were used without any changes. |
|
|
2065 | |
1901 | |
2066 | |
1902 | =head1 SIGNALS |
2067 | =head1 SIGNALS |
1903 | |
2068 | |
1904 | AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals: |
2069 | AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals: |
1905 | |
2070 | |
… | |
… | |
1908 | =item SIGCHLD |
2073 | =item SIGCHLD |
1909 | |
2074 | |
1910 | A handler for C<SIGCHLD> is installed by AnyEvent's child watcher |
2075 | A handler for C<SIGCHLD> is installed by AnyEvent's child watcher |
1911 | emulation for event loops that do not support them natively. Also, some |
2076 | emulation for event loops that do not support them natively. Also, some |
1912 | event loops install a similar handler. |
2077 | event loops install a similar handler. |
|
|
2078 | |
|
|
2079 | If, when AnyEvent is loaded, SIGCHLD is set to IGNORE, then AnyEvent will |
|
|
2080 | reset it to default, to avoid losing child exit statuses. |
1913 | |
2081 | |
1914 | =item SIGPIPE |
2082 | =item SIGPIPE |
1915 | |
2083 | |
1916 | A no-op handler is installed for C<SIGPIPE> when C<$SIG{PIPE}> is C<undef> |
2084 | A no-op handler is installed for C<SIGPIPE> when C<$SIG{PIPE}> is C<undef> |
1917 | when AnyEvent gets loaded. |
2085 | when AnyEvent gets loaded. |
… | |
… | |
1929 | |
2097 | |
1930 | =back |
2098 | =back |
1931 | |
2099 | |
1932 | =cut |
2100 | =cut |
1933 | |
2101 | |
|
|
2102 | undef $SIG{CHLD} |
|
|
2103 | if $SIG{CHLD} eq 'IGNORE'; |
|
|
2104 | |
1934 | $SIG{PIPE} = sub { } |
2105 | $SIG{PIPE} = sub { } |
1935 | unless defined $SIG{PIPE}; |
2106 | unless defined $SIG{PIPE}; |
1936 | |
|
|
1937 | |
2107 | |
1938 | =head1 FORK |
2108 | =head1 FORK |
1939 | |
2109 | |
1940 | Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are |
2110 | Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are |
1941 | because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll> |
2111 | because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll> |
… | |
… | |
1962 | use AnyEvent; |
2132 | use AnyEvent; |
1963 | |
2133 | |
1964 | Similar considerations apply to $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}, as that can |
2134 | Similar considerations apply to $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}, as that can |
1965 | be used to probe what backend is used and gain other information (which is |
2135 | be used to probe what backend is used and gain other information (which is |
1966 | probably even less useful to an attacker than PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL), and |
2136 | probably even less useful to an attacker than PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL), and |
1967 | $ENV{PERL_ANYEGENT_STRICT}. |
2137 | $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT}. |
|
|
2138 | |
|
|
2139 | Note that AnyEvent will remove I<all> environment variables starting with |
|
|
2140 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_> from C<%ENV> when it is loaded while taint mode is |
|
|
2141 | enabled. |
1968 | |
2142 | |
1969 | |
2143 | |
1970 | =head1 BUGS |
2144 | =head1 BUGS |
1971 | |
2145 | |
1972 | Perl 5.8 has numerous memleaks that sometimes hit this module and are hard |
2146 | Perl 5.8 has numerous memleaks that sometimes hit this module and are hard |
… | |
… | |
1984 | L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>. |
2158 | L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>. |
1985 | |
2159 | |
1986 | Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>, |
2160 | Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>, |
1987 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, |
2161 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, |
1988 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>, |
2162 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>, |
1989 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>. |
2163 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>. |
1990 | |
2164 | |
1991 | Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and |
2165 | Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and |
1992 | servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>. |
2166 | servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>. |
1993 | |
2167 | |
1994 | Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>. |
2168 | Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>. |
1995 | |
2169 | |
1996 | Coroutine support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, L<Coro::Event>, |
2170 | Coroutine support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, |
|
|
2171 | L<Coro::Event>, |
1997 | |
2172 | |
1998 | Nontrivial usage examples: L<Net::FCP>, L<Net::XMPP2>, L<AnyEvent::DNS>. |
2173 | Nontrivial usage examples: L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>, |
|
|
2174 | L<AnyEvent::HTTP>. |
1999 | |
2175 | |
2000 | |
2176 | |
2001 | =head1 AUTHOR |
2177 | =head1 AUTHOR |
2002 | |
2178 | |
2003 | Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |
2179 | Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |