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Revision 1.251 by root, Mon Jul 20 22:39:57 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.265 by root, Wed Jul 29 13:10:58 2009 UTC

1=head1 NAME 1=head1 NAME
2 2
3AnyEvent - events independent of event loop implementation 3AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming
4 4
5EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Qt and POE are various supported 5EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt
6event loops. 6and POE are various supported event loops/environments.
7 7
8=head1 SYNOPSIS 8=head1 SYNOPSIS
9 9
10 use AnyEvent; 10 use AnyEvent;
11 11
… …
47 47
48There is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC 48There is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC
49channel, too. 49channel, too.
50 50
51See the AnyEvent project page at the B<Schmorpforge Ta-Sa Software 51See the AnyEvent project page at the B<Schmorpforge Ta-Sa Software
52Respository>, at L<http://anyevent.schmorp.de>, for more info. 52Repository>, at L<http://anyevent.schmorp.de>, for more info.
53 53
54=head1 WHY YOU SHOULD USE THIS MODULE (OR NOT) 54=head1 WHY YOU SHOULD USE THIS MODULE (OR NOT)
55 55
56Glib, POE, IO::Async, Event... CPAN offers event models by the dozen 56Glib, POE, IO::Async, Event... CPAN offers event models by the dozen
57nowadays. So what is different about AnyEvent? 57nowadays. So what is different about AnyEvent?
… …
400 400
401=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS 401=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
402 402
403You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status. 403You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.
404 404
405The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (if set to C<0>, it 405The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends,
406watches for any child process exit). The watcher will triggered only when 406using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will
407the child process has finished and an exit status is available, not on 407croak). The watcher will be triggered only when the child process has
408any trace events (stopped/continued). 408finished and an exit status is available, not on any trace events
409(stopped/continued).
409 410
410The callback will be called with the pid and exit status (as returned by 411The callback will be called with the pid and exit status (as returned by
411waitpid), so unlike other watcher types, you I<can> rely on child watcher 412waitpid), so unlike other watcher types, you I<can> rely on child watcher
412callback arguments. 413callback arguments.
413 414
… …
796 797
797 AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable. 798 AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.
798 AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken. 799 AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.
799 AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. 800 AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.
800 AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. 801 AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.
802 AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.
801 803
802=item Backends with special needs. 804=item Backends with special needs.
803 805
804Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will 806Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will
805otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program 807otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program
… …
879event module detection too early, for example, L<AnyEvent::AIO> creates 881event module detection too early, for example, L<AnyEvent::AIO> creates
880and installs the global L<IO::AIO> watcher in a C<post_detect> block to 882and installs the global L<IO::AIO> watcher in a C<post_detect> block to
881avoid autodetecting the event module at load time. 883avoid autodetecting the event module at load time.
882 884
883If called in scalar or list context, then it creates and returns an object 885If called in scalar or list context, then it creates and returns an object
884that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed. See 886that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed (or
887C<undef> when the hook was immediately executed). See L<AnyEvent::AIO> for
885L<Coro::BDB> for a case where this is useful. 888a case where this is useful.
889
890Example: Create a watcher for the IO::AIO module and store it in
891C<$WATCHER>. Only do so after the event loop is initialised, though.
892
893 our WATCHER;
894
895 my $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect {
896 $WATCHER = AnyEvent->io (fh => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, poll => 'r', cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
897 };
898
899 # the ||= is important in case post_detect immediately runs the block,
900 # as to not clobber the newly-created watcher. assigning both watcher and
901 # post_detect guard to the same variable has the advantage of users being
902 # able to just C<undef $WATCHER> if the watcher causes them grief.
903
904 $WATCHER ||= $guard;
886 905
887=item @AnyEvent::post_detect 906=item @AnyEvent::post_detect
888 907
889If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it 908If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it
890before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will called directly after 909before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will called directly after
… …
1067 1086
1068BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } 1087BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1069 1088
1070use Carp (); 1089use Carp ();
1071 1090
1072our $VERSION = 4.86; 1091our $VERSION = 4.881;
1073our $MODEL; 1092our $MODEL;
1074 1093
1075our $AUTOLOAD; 1094our $AUTOLOAD;
1076our @ISA; 1095our @ISA;
1077 1096
… …
1102 for reverse split /\s*,\s*/, 1121 for reverse split /\s*,\s*/,
1103 $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; 1122 $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6";
1104} 1123}
1105 1124
1106my @models = ( 1125my @models = (
1107 [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV::], 1126 [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1],
1108 [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::], 1127 [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1],
1109 [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl::], 1128 [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],
1110 # everything below here will not be autoprobed 1129 # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed
1111 # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere 1130 # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere
1112 # and is usually faster 1131 # and is usually faster
1113 [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib::], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers 1132 [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers
1114 [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy 1133 [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy
1134 [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package
1115 [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles 1135 [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles
1116 [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program 1136 [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program
1117 [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza 1137 [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza
1118 [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], 1138 [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1119 [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], 1139 [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1120 # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its 1140 # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its
1121 # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others. 1141 # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.
1122 # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any 1142 # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any
1123 # obvious default class. 1143 # obvious default class.
1124# [IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program 1144# [0, IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1125# [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program 1145# [0, IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1126# [IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program 1146# [0, IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1127); 1147);
1128 1148
1129our %method = map +($_ => 1), 1149our %method = map +($_ => 1),
1130 qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY); 1150 qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);
1131 1151
… …
1135 my ($cb) = @_; 1155 my ($cb) = @_;
1136 1156
1137 if ($MODEL) { 1157 if ($MODEL) {
1138 $cb->(); 1158 $cb->();
1139 1159
1140 1 1160 undef
1141 } else { 1161 } else {
1142 push @post_detect, $cb; 1162 push @post_detect, $cb;
1143 1163
1144 defined wantarray 1164 defined wantarray
1145 ? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect" 1165 ? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
… …
1177 } 1197 }
1178 } 1198 }
1179 } 1199 }
1180 1200
1181 unless ($MODEL) { 1201 unless ($MODEL) {
1182 # try to load a model 1202 # try to autoload a model
1183
1184 for (@REGISTRY, @models) { 1203 for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1185 my ($package, $model) = @$_; 1204 my ($package, $model, $autoload) = @$_;
1205 if (
1206 $autoload
1186 if (eval "require $package" 1207 and eval "require $package"
1187 and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0 1208 and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1188 and eval "require $model") { 1209 and eval "require $model"
1210 ) {
1189 $MODEL = $model; 1211 $MODEL = $model;
1190 warn "AnyEvent: autoprobed model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2; 1212 warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1191 last; 1213 last;
1192 } 1214 }
1193 } 1215 }
1194 1216
1195 $MODEL 1217 $MODEL
… …
1267} 1289}
1268 1290
1269# default implementation for ->signal 1291# default implementation for ->signal
1270 1292
1271our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT; 1293our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
1294
1295sub _have_async_interrupt() {
1296 $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT}
1297 && eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.0 (); 1")
1298 unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
1299
1300 $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1301}
1302
1272our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO); 1303our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);
1273our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W); 1304our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);
1274our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW); 1305our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);
1275 1306
1276sub _signal_exec { 1307sub _signal_exec {
… …
1284 $_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} }; 1315 $_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} };
1285 } 1316 }
1286 } 1317 }
1287} 1318}
1288 1319
1289# install a dumym wakeupw atcher to reduce signal catching latency 1320# install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency
1290sub _sig_add() { 1321sub _sig_add() {
1291 unless ($SIG_COUNT++) { 1322 unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {
1292 # try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible 1323 # try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible
1293 my $NOW = AnyEvent->now; 1324 my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;
1294 1325
… …
1303sub _sig_del { 1334sub _sig_del {
1304 undef $SIG_TW 1335 undef $SIG_TW
1305 unless --$SIG_COUNT; 1336 unless --$SIG_COUNT;
1306} 1337}
1307 1338
1339our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {
1340 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading
1341 undef $_sig_name_init;
1342
1343 if (_have_async_interrupt) {
1344 *sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;
1345 *sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;
1346 } else {
1347 require Config;
1348
1349 my %signame2num;
1350 @signame2num{ split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_name} }
1351 = split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_num};
1352
1353 my @signum2name;
1354 @signum2name[values %signame2num] = keys %signame2num;
1355
1356 *sig2num = sub($) {
1357 $_[0] > 0 ? shift : $signame2num{+shift}
1358 };
1359 *sig2name = sub ($) {
1360 $_[0] > 0 ? $signum2name[+shift] : shift
1361 };
1362 }
1363 };
1364 die if $@;
1365};
1366
1367sub sig2num ($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2num }
1368sub sig2name($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2name }
1369
1308sub _signal { 1370sub signal {
1371 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1372 # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
1373 if (_have_async_interrupt) {
1374 warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1375
1376 $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1377 $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1378
1379 } else {
1380 warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1381
1382 require Fcntl;
1383
1384 if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1385 require AnyEvent::Util;
1386
1387 ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1388 AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R, 1) if $SIGPIPE_R;
1389 AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W, 1) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1390 } else {
1391 pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
1392 fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
1393 fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1394
1395 # not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
1396 fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1397 fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1398 }
1399
1400 $SIGPIPE_R
1401 or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
1402
1403 $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1404 }
1405
1406 *signal = sub {
1309 my (undef, %arg) = @_; 1407 my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1310 1408
1311 my $signal = uc $arg{signal} 1409 my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
1312 or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing"; 1410 or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
1313 1411
1314 $SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1315
1316 if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) { 1412 if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {
1317 # async::interrupt 1413 # async::interrupt
1318 1414
1319 $SIG_ASY{$signal} ||= do { 1415 $signal = sig2num $signal;
1320 my $asy = new Async::Interrupt 1416 $SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1417
1418 $SIG_ASY{$signal} ||= new Async::Interrupt
1321 cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} }, 1419 cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },
1322 signal => $signal, 1420 signal => $signal,
1323 pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos], 1421 pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],
1422 pipe_autodrain => 0,
1423 ;
1424
1425 } else {
1426 # pure perl
1427
1428 # AE::Util has been loaded in signal
1429 $signal = sig2name $signal;
1430 $SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1431
1432 $SIG{$signal} ||= sub {
1433 local $!;
1434 syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
1435 undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
1436 };
1437
1438 # can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
1439 # so limit the signal latency.
1440 _sig_add;
1324 ; 1441 }
1325 $asy->pipe_autodrain (0);
1326 1442
1327 $asy 1443 bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
1328 }; 1444 };
1329 1445
1330 } else { 1446 *AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {
1331 # pure perl 1447 my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1332 1448
1333 $SIG{$signal} ||= sub { 1449 _sig_del;
1334 local $!; 1450
1335 syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV; 1451 delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
1452
1453 $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1454 ? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
1455 : # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
1456 # print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
1457 # instead of getting the default action.
1336 undef $SIG_EV{$signal}; 1458 undef $SIG{$signal}
1459 unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1337 }; 1460 };
1338
1339 # can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
1340 # so limit the signal latency.
1341 _sig_add;
1342 } 1461 };
1343 1462 die if $@;
1344 bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
1345}
1346
1347sub signal {
1348 # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
1349 if (!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT} && eval "use Async::Interrupt 0.6 (); 1") {
1350 warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1351
1352 $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1;
1353 $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1354 $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1355
1356 } else {
1357 warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1358
1359 require Fcntl;
1360
1361 if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1362 require AnyEvent::Util;
1363
1364 ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1365 AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R) if $SIGPIPE_R;
1366 AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1367 } else {
1368 pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
1369 fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
1370 fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1371
1372 # not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
1373 fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1374 fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1375 }
1376
1377 $SIGPIPE_R
1378 or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
1379
1380 $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1381 }
1382
1383 *signal = \&_signal;
1384 &signal 1463 &signal
1385}
1386
1387sub AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY {
1388 my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1389
1390 _sig_del;
1391
1392 delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
1393
1394 $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1395 ? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
1396 : # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
1397 # print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
1398 # instead of getting the default action.
1399 undef $SIG{$signal}
1400 unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1401} 1464}
1402 1465
1403# default implementation for ->child 1466# default implementation for ->child
1404 1467
1405our %PID_CB; 1468our %PID_CB;
1406our $CHLD_W; 1469our $CHLD_W;
1407our $CHLD_DELAY_W; 1470our $CHLD_DELAY_W;
1408our $WNOHANG; 1471our $WNOHANG;
1409 1472
1473sub _emit_childstatus($$) {
1474 my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_;
1475
1476 $_->($rpid, $rstatus)
1477 for values %{ $PID_CB{$rpid} || {} },
1478 values %{ $PID_CB{0} || {} };
1479}
1480
1410sub _sigchld { 1481sub _sigchld {
1482 my $pid;
1483
1484 AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?)
1411 while (0 < (my $pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG)) { 1485 while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0;
1412 $_->($pid, $?)
1413 for values %{ $PID_CB{$pid} || {} },
1414 values %{ $PID_CB{0} || {} };
1415 }
1416} 1486}
1417 1487
1418sub child { 1488sub child {
1419 my (undef, %arg) = @_; 1489 my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1420 1490
… …
2399L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>. 2469L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>.
2400 2470
2401Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>, 2471Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>,
2402L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, 2472L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>,
2403L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>, 2473L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>,
2404L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>. 2474L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>.
2405 2475
2406Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and 2476Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and
2407servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>. 2477servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>.
2408 2478
2409Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>. 2479Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>.

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