[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.316 by root, Mon Mar 15 18:51:30 2010 UTC vs.
Revision 1.329 by root, Sun Jul 11 05:44:22 2010 UTC

…		…
7		7
8	=head1 SYNOPSIS	8	=head1 SYNOPSIS
9		9
10	use AnyEvent;	10	use AnyEvent;
11		11
		12	# if you prefer function calls, look at the AE manpage for
		13	# an alternative API.
		14
12	# file descriptor readable	15	# file handle or descriptor readable
13	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... });	16	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... });
14		17
15	# one-shot or repeating timers	18	# one-shot or repeating timers
16	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... });	19	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... });
17	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...	20	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...
…		…
135	use AnyEvent;	138	use AnyEvent;
136		139
137	# .. AnyEvent will likely default to Tk	140	# .. AnyEvent will likely default to Tk
138		141
139	The I<likely> means that, if any module loads another event model and	142	The I<likely> means that, if any module loads another event model and
140	starts using it, all bets are off. Maybe you should tell their authors to	143	starts using it, all bets are off - this case should be very rare though,
141	use AnyEvent so their modules work together with others seamlessly...	144	as very few modules hardcode event loops without announcing this very
		145	loudly.
142		146
143	The pure-perl implementation of AnyEvent is called	147	The pure-perl implementation of AnyEvent is called
144	C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>. Like other event modules you can load it	148	C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>. Like other event modules you can load it
145	explicitly and enjoy the high availability of that event loop :)	149	explicitly and enjoy the high availability of that event loop :)
146		150
…		…
553	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.	557	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.
554		558
555	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event	559	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event
556	loop and will only block when necessary (usually when told by the user).	560	loop and will only block when necessary (usually when told by the user).
557		561
558	The instrument to do that is called a "condition variable", so called	562	The tool to do that is called a "condition variable", so called because
559	because they represent a condition that must become true.	563	they represent a condition that must become true.
560		564
561	Now is probably a good time to look at the examples further below.	565	Now is probably a good time to look at the examples further below.
562		566
563	Condition variables can be created by calling the C<< AnyEvent->condvar	567	Condition variables can be created by calling the C<< AnyEvent->condvar
564	>> method, usually without arguments. The only argument pair allowed is	568	>> method, usually without arguments. The only argument pair allowed is
…		…
569	After creation, the condition variable is "false" until it becomes "true"	573	After creation, the condition variable is "false" until it becomes "true"
570	by calling the C<send> method (or calling the condition variable as if it	574	by calling the C<send> method (or calling the condition variable as if it
571	were a callback, read about the caveats in the description for the C<<	575	were a callback, read about the caveats in the description for the C<<
572	->send >> method).	576	->send >> method).
573		577
574	Condition variables are similar to callbacks, except that you can	578	Since condition variables are the most complex part of the AnyEvent API, here are
575	optionally wait for them. They can also be called merge points - points	579	some different mental models of what they are - pick the ones you can connect to:
576	in time where multiple outstanding events have been processed. And yet	580
577	another way to call them is transactions - each condition variable can be	581	=over 4
578	used to represent a transaction, which finishes at some point and delivers	582
579	a result. And yet some people know them as "futures" - a promise to	583	=item * Condition variables are like callbacks - you can call them (and pass them instead
580	compute/deliver something that you can wait for.	584	of callbacks). Unlike callbacks however, you can also wait for them to be called.
		585
		586	=item * Condition variables are signals - one side can emit or send them,
		587	the other side can wait for them, or install a handler that is called when
		588	the signal fires.
		589
		590	=item * Condition variables are like "Merge Points" - points in your program
		591	where you merge multiple independent results/control flows into one.
		592
		593	=item * Condition variables represent a transaction - function that start
		594	some kind of transaction can return them, leaving the caller the choice
		595	between waiting in a blocking fashion, or setting a callback.
		596
		597	=item * Condition variables represent future values, or promises to deliver
		598	some result, long before the result is available.
		599
		600	=back
581		601
582	Condition variables are very useful to signal that something has finished,	602	Condition variables are very useful to signal that something has finished,
583	for example, if you write a module that does asynchronous http requests,	603	for example, if you write a module that does asynchronous http requests,
584	then a condition variable would be the ideal candidate to signal the	604	then a condition variable would be the ideal candidate to signal the
585	availability of results. The user can either act when the callback is	605	availability of results. The user can either act when the callback is
…		…
606	eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits	626	eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits
607	for the send to occur.	627	for the send to occur.
608		628
609	Example: wait for a timer.	629	Example: wait for a timer.
610		630
611	# wait till the result is ready	631	# condition: "wait till the timer is fired"
612	my $result_ready = AnyEvent->condvar;	632	my $timer_fired = AnyEvent->condvar;
613		633
614	# do something such as adding a timer	634	# create the timer - we could wait for, say
615	# or socket watcher the calls $result_ready->send	635	# a handle becomign ready, or even an
616	# when the "result" is ready.	636	# AnyEvent::HTTP request to finish, but
617	# in this case, we simply use a timer:	637	# in this case, we simply use a timer:
618	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (	638	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (
619	after => 1,	639	after => 1,
620	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },	640	cb => sub { $timer_fired->send },
621	);	641	);
622		642
623	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback	643	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback
624	# calls ->send	644	# calls ->send
625	$result_ready->recv;	645	$timer_fired->recv;
626		646
627	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition	647	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition
628	variables are also callable directly.	648	variables are also callable directly.
629		649
630	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;	650	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;
…		…
1054	=head1 OTHER MODULES	1074	=head1 OTHER MODULES
1055		1075
1056	The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use	1076	The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use
1057	AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent	1077	AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent
1058	modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the modules	1078	modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the modules
1059	come with AnyEvent, most are available via CPAN.	1079	come as part of AnyEvent, the others are available via CPAN.
1060		1080
1061	=over 4	1081	=over 4
1062		1082
1063	=item L<AnyEvent::Util>	1083	=item L<AnyEvent::Util>
1064		1084
…		…
1079		1099
1080	=item L<AnyEvent::DNS>	1100	=item L<AnyEvent::DNS>
1081		1101
1082	Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.	1102	Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.
1083		1103
		1104	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>, L<AnyEvent::IRC>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>, L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::IGS>, L<AnyEvent::FCP>
		1105
		1106	Implement event-based interfaces to the protocols of the same name (for
		1107	the curious, IGS is the International Go Server and FCP is the Freenet
		1108	Client Protocol).
		1109
		1110	=item L<AnyEvent::Handle::UDP>
		1111
		1112	Here be danger!
		1113
		1114	As Pauli would put it, "Not only is it not right, it's not even wrong!" -
		1115	there are so many things wrong with AnyEvent::Handle::UDP, most notably
		1116	it's use of a stream-based API with a protocol that isn't streamable, that
		1117	the only way to improve it is to delete it.
		1118
		1119	It features data corruption (but typically only under load) and general
		1120	confusion. On top, the author is not only clueless about UDP but also
		1121	fact-resistant - some gems of his understanding: "connect doesn't work
		1122	with UDP", "UDP packets are not IP packets", "UDP only has datagrams, not
		1123	packets", "I don't need to implement proper error checking as UDP doesn't
		1124	support error checking" and so on - he doesn't even understand what's
		1125	wrong with his module when it is explained to him.
		1126
1084	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>	1127	=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
1085		1128
1086	A simple-to-use HTTP library that is capable of making a lot of concurrent	1129	Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you,
1087	HTTP requests.	1130	notifying you in an event-bnased way when the operation is finished.
		1131
		1132	=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
		1133
		1134	Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the
		1135	toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses
		1136	L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent together, giving AnyEvent access to event-based
		1137	file I/O, and much more.
1088		1138
1089	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>	1139	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>
1090		1140
1091	Provides a simple web application server framework.	1141	A simple embedded webserver.
1092		1142
1093	=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>	1143	=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>
1094		1144
1095	The fastest ping in the west.	1145	The fastest ping in the west.
1096
1097	=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
1098
1099	Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process.
1100
1101	=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
1102
1103	Truly asynchronous I/O, should be in the toolbox of every event
1104	programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent
1105	together.
1106
1107	=item L<AnyEvent::BDB>
1108
1109	Truly asynchronous Berkeley DB access. AnyEvent::BDB transparently fuses
1110	L<BDB> and AnyEvent together.
1111
1112	=item L<AnyEvent::GPSD>
1113
1114	A non-blocking interface to gpsd, a daemon delivering GPS information.
1115
1116	=item L<AnyEvent::IRC>
1117
1118	AnyEvent based IRC client module family (replacing the older Net::IRC3).
1119
1120	=item L<AnyEvent::XMPP>
1121
1122	AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family (replacing the older
1123	Net::XMPP2>.
1124
1125	=item L<AnyEvent::IGS>
1126
1127	A non-blocking interface to the Internet Go Server protocol (used by
1128	L<App::IGS>).
1129
1130	=item L<Net::FCP>
1131
1132	AnyEvent-based implementation of the Freenet Client Protocol, birthplace
1133	of AnyEvent.
1134
1135	=item L<Event::ExecFlow>
1136
1137	High level API for event-based execution flow control.
1138		1146
1139	=item L<Coro>	1147	=item L<Coro>
1140		1148
1141	Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>.	1149	Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>.
1142		1150
…		…
1156		1164
1157	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }	1165	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1158		1166
1159	use Carp ();	1167	use Carp ();
1160		1168
1161	our $VERSION = '5.251';	1169	our $VERSION = '5.271';
1162	our $MODEL;	1170	our $MODEL;
1163		1171
1164	our $AUTOLOAD;	1172	our $AUTOLOAD;
1165	our @ISA;	1173	our @ISA;
1166		1174
…		…
1169	our $VERBOSE;	1177	our $VERBOSE;
1170		1178
1171	BEGIN {	1179	BEGIN {
1172	require "AnyEvent/constants.pl";	1180	require "AnyEvent/constants.pl";
1173		1181
1174	eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT} *1) . "}";	1182	eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}";
1175		1183
1176	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}	1184	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}
1177	if ${^TAINT};	1185	if ${^TAINT};
1178		1186
1179	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;	1187	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;
…		…
1222	our @post_detect;	1230	our @post_detect;
1223		1231
1224	sub post_detect(&) {	1232	sub post_detect(&) {
1225	my ($cb) = @_;	1233	my ($cb) = @_;
1226		1234
1227	if ($MODEL) {
1228	$cb->();
1229
1230	undef
1231	} else {
1232	push @post_detect, $cb;	1235	push @post_detect, $cb;
1233		1236
1234	defined wantarray	1237	defined wantarray
1235	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"	1238	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
1236	: ()	1239	: ()
1237	}
1238	}	1240	}
1239		1241
1240	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {	1242	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {
1241	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;	1243	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;
1242	}	1244	}
…		…
1295	@models = (); # free probe data	1297	@models = (); # free probe data
1296		1298
1297	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";	1299	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
1298	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;	1300	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
1299		1301
		1302	# now nuke some methods that are overriden by the backend.
		1303	# SUPER is not allowed.
		1304	for (qw(time signal child idle)) {
		1305	undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"}
		1306	if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"};
		1307	}
		1308
1300	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};	1309	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
1301		1310
1302	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;	1311	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
		1312
		1313	*post_detect = sub(&) {
		1314	shift->();
		1315
		1316	undef
		1317	};
1303		1318
1304	$MODEL	1319	$MODEL
1305	}	1320	}
1306		1321
1307	sub AUTOLOAD {	1322	sub AUTOLOAD {
…		…
1335		1350
1336	=head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API	1351	=head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API
1337		1352
1338	Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much	1353	Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much
1339	simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory	1354	simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory
1340	overhead.	1355	overhead by using function call syntax and a fixed number of parameters.
1341		1356
1342	See the L<AE> manpage for details.	1357	See the L<AE> manpage for details.
1343		1358
1344	=cut	1359	=cut
1345		1360
1346	package AE;	1361	package AE;
1347		1362
1348	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;	1363	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		1364
		1365	# fall back to the main API by default - backends and AnyEvent::Base
		1366	# implementations can overwrite these.
1349		1367
1350	sub io($$$) {	1368	sub io($$$) {
1351	AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])	1369	AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])
1352	}	1370	}
1353		1371
…		…
1385		1403
1386	package AnyEvent::Base;	1404	package AnyEvent::Base;
1387		1405
1388	# default implementations for many methods	1406	# default implementations for many methods
1389		1407
1390	sub _time() {	1408	sub time {
1391	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading	1409	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1392	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes	1410	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes
1393	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {	1411	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
1394	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;	1412	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1395	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;	1413	*AE::time = \&Time::HiRes::time;
1396	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...	1414	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
1397	} else {	1415	} else {
1398	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;	1416	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;
1399	*_time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail	1417	*AE::time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail
1400	}	1418	}
		1419
		1420	*time = sub { AE::time }; # different prototypes
1401	};	1421	};
1402	die if $@;	1422	die if $@;
1403		1423
1404	&_time	1424	&time
1405	}	1425	}
1406		1426
1407	sub time { _time }	1427	*now = \&time;
1408	sub now { _time }	1428
1409	sub now_update { }	1429	sub now_update { }
1410		1430
1411	# default implementation for ->condvar	1431	# default implementation for ->condvar
1412		1432
1413	sub condvar {	1433	sub condvar {
		1434	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1435	*condvar = sub {
1414	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"	1436	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
		1437	};
		1438
		1439	*AE::cv = sub (;&) {
		1440	bless { @_ ? (_ae_cb => shift) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
		1441	};
		1442	};
		1443	die if $@;
		1444
		1445	&condvar
1415	}	1446	}
1416		1447
1417	# default implementation for ->signal	1448	# default implementation for ->signal
1418		1449
1419	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;	1450	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
…		…
1449	undef $SIG_TW	1480	undef $SIG_TW
1450	unless --$SIG_COUNT;	1481	unless --$SIG_COUNT;
1451	}	1482	}
1452		1483
1453	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {	1484	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {
1454	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading	1485	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1455	undef $_sig_name_init;	1486	undef $_sig_name_init;
1456		1487
1457	if (_have_async_interrupt) {	1488	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
1458	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;	1489	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;
1459	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;	1490	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;
…		…
1513	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";	1544	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
1514		1545
1515	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec;	1546	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec;
1516	}	1547	}
1517		1548
1518	*signal = sub {	1549	*signal = $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1550	? sub {
1519	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1551	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1520		1552
1521	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
1522	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
1523
1524	if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {
1525	# async::interrupt	1553	# async::interrupt
1526
1527	$signal = sig2num $signal;	1554	my $signal = sig2num $arg{signal};
1528	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1555	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1529		1556
1530	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt	1557	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt
1531	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },	1558	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },
1532	signal => $signal,	1559	signal => $signal,
1533	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],	1560	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],
1534	pipe_autodrain => 0,	1561	pipe_autodrain => 0,
1535	;	1562	;
1536		1563
1537	} else {	1564	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1565	}
		1566	: sub {
		1567	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
		1568
1538	# pure perl	1569	# pure perl
1539
1540	# AE::Util has been loaded in signal
1541	$signal = sig2name $signal;	1570	my $signal = sig2name $arg{signal};
1542	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1571	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1543		1572
1544	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {	1573	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
1545	local $!;	1574	local $!;
1546	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;	1575	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
1547	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};	1576	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
1548	};	1577	};
1549		1578
1550	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,	1579	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
1551	# so limit the signal latency.	1580	# so limit the signal latency.
1552	_sig_add;	1581	_sig_add;
1553	}
1554		1582
1555	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"	1583	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1584	}
1556	};	1585	;
1557		1586
1558	*AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {	1587	*AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {
1559	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1588	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1560		1589
1561	_sig_del;	1590	_sig_del;
…		…
2057		2086
2058	The actual code goes further and collects all errors (C<die>s, exceptions)	2087	The actual code goes further and collects all errors (C<die>s, exceptions)
2059	that occurred during request processing. The C<result> method detects	2088	that occurred during request processing. The C<result> method detects
2060	whether an exception as thrown (it is stored inside the $txn object)	2089	whether an exception as thrown (it is stored inside the $txn object)
2061	and just throws the exception, which means connection errors and other	2090	and just throws the exception, which means connection errors and other
2062	problems get reported tot he code that tries to use the result, not in a	2091	problems get reported to the code that tries to use the result, not in a
2063	random callback.	2092	random callback.
2064		2093
2065	All of this enables the following usage styles:	2094	All of this enables the following usage styles:
2066		2095
2067	1. Blocking:	2096	1. Blocking:

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents): Revision 1.316 by root, Mon Mar 15 18:51:30 2010 UTC vs. Revision 1.329 by root, Sun Jul 11 05:44:22 2010 UTC

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.316 by root, Mon Mar 15 18:51:30 2010 UTC vs.
Revision 1.329 by root, Sun Jul 11 05:44:22 2010 UTC