[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.263 by root, Wed Jul 29 12:39:21 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.324 by root, Thu May 20 23:55:51 2010 UTC

…		…
7		7
8	=head1 SYNOPSIS	8	=head1 SYNOPSIS
9		9
10	use AnyEvent;	10	use AnyEvent;
11		11
		12	# if you prefer function calls, look at the AE manpage for
		13	# an alternative API.
		14
12	# file descriptor readable	15	# file handle or descriptor readable
13	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... });	16	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... });
14		17
15	# one-shot or repeating timers	18	# one-shot or repeating timers
16	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... });	19	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... });
17	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...	20	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...
…		…
181	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are	184	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are
182	declared.	185	declared.
183		186
184	=head2 I/O WATCHERS	187	=head2 I/O WATCHERS
185		188
		189	$w = AnyEvent->io (
		190	fh => <filehandle_or_fileno>,
		191	poll => <"r" or "w">,
		192	cb => <callback>,
		193	);
		194
186	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method	195	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method
187	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:	196	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:
188		197
189	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch	198	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch
190	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file	199	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file
…		…
219	undef $w;	228	undef $w;
220	});	229	});
221		230
222	=head2 TIME WATCHERS	231	=head2 TIME WATCHERS
223		232
		233	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => <seconds>, cb => <callback>);
		234
		235	$w = AnyEvent->timer (
		236	after => <fractional_seconds>,
		237	interval => <fractional_seconds>,
		238	cb => <callback>,
		239	);
		240
224	You can create a time watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->timer >>	241	You can create a time watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->timer >>
225	method with the following mandatory arguments:	242	method with the following mandatory arguments:
226		243
227	C<after> specifies after how many seconds (fractional values are	244	C<after> specifies after how many seconds (fractional values are
228	supported) the callback should be invoked. C<cb> is the callback to invoke	245	supported) the callback should be invoked. C<cb> is the callback to invoke
…		…
349	might affect timers and time-outs.	366	might affect timers and time-outs.
350		367
351	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the	368	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the
352	event loop's idea of "current time".	369	event loop's idea of "current time".
353		370
		371	A typical example would be a script in a web server (e.g. C<mod_perl>) -
		372	when mod_perl executes the script, then the event loop will have the wrong
		373	idea about the "current time" (being potentially far in the past, when the
		374	script ran the last time). In that case you should arrange a call to C<<
		375	AnyEvent->now_update >> each time the web server process wakes up again
		376	(e.g. at the start of your script, or in a handler).
		377
354	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.	378	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.
355		379
356	=back	380	=back
357		381
358	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS	382	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS
		383
		384	$w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => <uppercase_signal_name>, cb => <callback>);
359		385
360	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal	386	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal
361	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl	387	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl
362	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.	388	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.
363		389
…		…
380		406
381	Example: exit on SIGINT	407	Example: exit on SIGINT
382		408
383	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });	409	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });
384		410
		411	=head3 Restart Behaviour
		412
		413	While restart behaviour is up to the event loop implementation, most will
		414	not restart syscalls (that includes L<Async::Interrupt> and AnyEvent's
		415	pure perl implementation).
		416
		417	=head3 Safe/Unsafe Signals
		418
		419	Perl signals can be either "safe" (synchronous to opcode handling) or
		420	"unsafe" (asynchronous) - the former might get delayed indefinitely, the
		421	latter might corrupt your memory.
		422
		423	AnyEvent signal handlers are, in addition, synchronous to the event loop,
		424	i.e. they will not interrupt your running perl program but will only be
		425	called as part of the normal event handling (just like timer, I/O etc.
		426	callbacks, too).
		427
385	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds	428	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds
386		429
387	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching	430	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching
388	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot do	431	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot
389	race-free signal handling in perl. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, but	432	do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for
		433	this. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, which means in some cases,
390	in some cases, signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might	434	signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is
391	be delayed is specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10	435	specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This
392	seconds). This variable can be changed only before the first signal	436	variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created,
393	watcher is created, and should be left alone otherwise. Higher values	437	and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often
		438	AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values
394	will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU	439	will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU
		440	saving.
		441
395	saving. All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional	442	All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional
396	L<Async::Interrupt> module. This will not work with inherently broken	443	L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not
397	event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib> (and not with L<POE>	444	work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib>
398	currently, as POE does it's own workaround with one-second latency). With	445	(and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does it's own workaround with
399	those, you just have to suffer the delays.	446	one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays.
400		447
401	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS	448	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
		449
		450	$w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>);
402		451
403	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.	452	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.
404		453
405	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends,	454	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends,
406	using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will	455	using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will
…		…
455	# do something else, then wait for process exit	504	# do something else, then wait for process exit
456	$done->recv;	505	$done->recv;
457		506
458	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS	507	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS
459		508
460	Sometimes there is a need to do something, but it is not so important	509	$w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>);
461	to do it instantly, but only when there is nothing better to do. This
462	"nothing better to do" is usually defined to be "no other events need
463	attention by the event loop".
464		510
465	Idle watchers ideally get invoked when the event loop has nothing	511	Repeatedly invoke the callback after the process becomes idle, until
466	better to do, just before it would block the process to wait for new	512	either the watcher is destroyed or new events have been detected.
467	events. Instead of blocking, the idle watcher is invoked.
468		513
469	Most event loops unfortunately do not really support idle watchers (only	514	Idle watchers are useful when there is a need to do something, but it
		515	is not so important (or wise) to do it instantly. The callback will be
		516	invoked only when there is "nothing better to do", which is usually
		517	defined as "all outstanding events have been handled and no new events
		518	have been detected". That means that idle watchers ideally get invoked
		519	when the event loop has just polled for new events but none have been
		520	detected. Instead of blocking to wait for more events, the idle watchers
		521	will be invoked.
		522
		523	Unfortunately, most event loops do not really support idle watchers (only
470	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent	524	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent
471	will simply call the callback "from time to time".	525	will simply call the callback "from time to time".
472		526
473	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the	527	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the
474	program is otherwise idle:	528	program is otherwise idle:
…		…
490	});	544	});
491	});	545	});
492		546
493	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES	547	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES
494		548
		549	$cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
		550
		551	$cv->send (<list>);
		552	my @res = $cv->recv;
		553
495	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them	554	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them
496	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that	555	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that
497	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.	556	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.
498		557
499	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event	558	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event
…		…
550	eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits	609	eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits
551	for the send to occur.	610	for the send to occur.
552		611
553	Example: wait for a timer.	612	Example: wait for a timer.
554		613
555	# wait till the result is ready	614	# condition: "wait till the timer is fired"
556	my $result_ready = AnyEvent->condvar;	615	my $timer_fired = AnyEvent->condvar;
557		616
558	# do something such as adding a timer	617	# create the timer - we could wait for, say
559	# or socket watcher the calls $result_ready->send	618	# a handle becomign ready, or even an
560	# when the "result" is ready.	619	# AnyEvent::HTTP request to finish, but
561	# in this case, we simply use a timer:	620	# in this case, we simply use a timer:
562	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (	621	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (
563	after => 1,	622	after => 1,
564	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },	623	cb => sub { $timer_fired->send },
565	);	624	);
566		625
567	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback	626	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback
568	# calls -<send	627	# calls ->send
569	$result_ready->recv;	628	$timer_fired->recv;
570		629
571	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition	630	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition
572	variables are also callable directly.	631	variables are also callable directly.
573		632
574	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;	633	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;
…		…
637	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want	696	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want
638	to use a condition variable for the whole process.	697	to use a condition variable for the whole process.
639		698
640	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to	699	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to
641	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end	700	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end
642	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback	701	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed, passing the
643	is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no	702	condvar as first argument. That callback is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send
644	callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments.	703	>>, but that is not required. If no group callback was set, C<send> will
		704	be called without any arguments.
645		705
646	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call	706	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call
647	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND	707	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND
648	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).	708	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).
649		709
…		…
676	begung can potentially be zero:	736	begung can potentially be zero:
677		737
678	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	738	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
679		739
680	my %result;	740	my %result;
681	$cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) });	741	$cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) });
682		742
683	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {	743	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {
684	$cv->begin;	744	$cv->begin;
685	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {	745	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {
686	$result{$host} = ...;	746	$result{$host} = ...;
…		…
761	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))	821	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))
762		822
763	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally	823	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally
764	replaces it before doing so.	824	replaces it before doing so.
765		825
766	The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when	826	The callback will be called when the condition becomes (or already was)
767	C<send> or C<croak> are called, with the only argument being the condition	827	"true", i.e. when C<send> or C<croak> are called (or were called), with
768	variable itself. Calling C<recv> inside the callback or at any later time	828	the only argument being the condition variable itself. Calling C<recv>
769	is guaranteed not to block.	829	inside the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block.
770		830
771	=back	831	=back
772		832
773	=head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS	833	=head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS
774		834
…		…
777	=over 4	837	=over 4
778		838
779	=item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found.	839	=item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found.
780		840
781	EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in	841	EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in
782	use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will try Event, and, failing	842	use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own
783	that, will fall back to its own pure-perl implementation, which is	843	pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with
784	available everywhere as it comes with AnyEvent itself.	844	AnyEvent itself.
785		845
786	AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).	846	AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).
787	AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches.
788	AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.	847	AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.
789		848
790	=item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.	849	=item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.
791		850
792	These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher	851	These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher
793	is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using	852	is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using
794	them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend	853	them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend
795	when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to	854	when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to
796	create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.	855	create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.
797		856
		857	AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches.
798	AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.	858	AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.
799	AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.	859	AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.
800	AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.	860	AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.
801	AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.	861	AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.
802	AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.	862	AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.
…		…
912	You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:	972	You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:
913	if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the	973	if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the
914	array will be ignored.	974	array will be ignored.
915		975
916	Best use C<AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }> when your application allows	976	Best use C<AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }> when your application allows
917	it,as it takes care of these details.	977	it, as it takes care of these details.
918		978
919	This variable is mainly useful for modules that can do something useful	979	This variable is mainly useful for modules that can do something useful
920	when AnyEvent is used and thus want to know when it is initialised, but do	980	when AnyEvent is used and thus want to know when it is initialised, but do
921	not need to even load it by default. This array provides the means to hook	981	not need to even load it by default. This array provides the means to hook
922	into AnyEvent passively, without loading it.	982	into AnyEvent passively, without loading it.
		983
		984	Example: To load Coro::AnyEvent whenever Coro and AnyEvent are used
		985	together, you could put this into Coro (this is the actual code used by
		986	Coro to accomplish this):
		987
		988	if (defined $AnyEvent::MODEL) {
		989	# AnyEvent already initialised, so load Coro::AnyEvent
		990	require Coro::AnyEvent;
		991	} else {
		992	# AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent
		993	# as soon as it is
		994	push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent };
		995	}
923		996
924	=back	997	=back
925		998
926	=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE	999	=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE
927		1000
…		…
984	=head1 OTHER MODULES	1057	=head1 OTHER MODULES
985		1058
986	The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use	1059	The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use
987	AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent	1060	AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent
988	modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the modules	1061	modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the modules
989	come with AnyEvent, most are available via CPAN.	1062	come with AnyEvent, the others are available via CPAN.
990		1063
991	=over 4	1064	=over 4
992		1065
993	=item L<AnyEvent::Util>	1066	=item L<AnyEvent::Util>
994		1067
…		…
1009		1082
1010	=item L<AnyEvent::DNS>	1083	=item L<AnyEvent::DNS>
1011		1084
1012	Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.	1085	Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.
1013		1086
		1087	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>, L<AnyEvent::IRC>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>, L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::IGS>, L<AnyEvent::FCP>
		1088
		1089	Implement event-based interfaces to the protocols of the same name (for
		1090	the curious, IGS is the International Go Server and FCP is the Freenet
		1091	Client Protocol).
		1092
		1093	=item L<AnyEvent::Handle::UDP>
		1094
		1095	Here be danger!
		1096
		1097	As Pauli would put it, "Not only is it not right, it's not even wrong!" -
		1098	there are so many things wrong with AnyEvent::Handle::UDP, most notably
		1099	it's use of a stream-based API with a protocol that isn't streamable, that
		1100	the only way to improve it is to delete it.
		1101
		1102	It features data corruption (but typically only under load) and general
		1103	confusion. On top, the author is not only clueless about UDP but also
		1104	fact-resistant - some gems of his understanding: "connect doesn't work
		1105	with UDP", "UDP packets are not IP packets", "UDP only has datagrams, not
		1106	packets", "I don't need to implement proper error checking as UDP doesn't
		1107	support error checking" and so on - he doesn't even understand what's
		1108	wrong with his module when it is explained to him.
		1109
1014	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>	1110	=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
1015		1111
1016	A simple-to-use HTTP library that is capable of making a lot of concurrent	1112	Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you,
1017	HTTP requests.	1113	notifying you in an event-bnased way when the operation is finished.
		1114
		1115	=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
		1116
		1117	Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the
		1118	toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses
		1119	L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent together, giving AnyEvent access to event-based
		1120	file I/O, and much more.
1018		1121
1019	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>	1122	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>
1020		1123
1021	Provides a simple web application server framework.	1124	A simple embedded webserver.
1022		1125
1023	=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>	1126	=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>
1024		1127
1025	The fastest ping in the west.	1128	The fastest ping in the west.
1026
1027	=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
1028
1029	Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process.
1030
1031	=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
1032
1033	Truly asynchronous I/O, should be in the toolbox of every event
1034	programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent
1035	together.
1036
1037	=item L<AnyEvent::BDB>
1038
1039	Truly asynchronous Berkeley DB access. AnyEvent::BDB transparently fuses
1040	L<BDB> and AnyEvent together.
1041
1042	=item L<AnyEvent::GPSD>
1043
1044	A non-blocking interface to gpsd, a daemon delivering GPS information.
1045
1046	=item L<AnyEvent::IRC>
1047
1048	AnyEvent based IRC client module family (replacing the older Net::IRC3).
1049
1050	=item L<AnyEvent::XMPP>
1051
1052	AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family (replacing the older
1053	Net::XMPP2>.
1054
1055	=item L<AnyEvent::IGS>
1056
1057	A non-blocking interface to the Internet Go Server protocol (used by
1058	L<App::IGS>).
1059
1060	=item L<Net::FCP>
1061
1062	AnyEvent-based implementation of the Freenet Client Protocol, birthplace
1063	of AnyEvent.
1064
1065	=item L<Event::ExecFlow>
1066
1067	High level API for event-based execution flow control.
1068		1129
1069	=item L<Coro>	1130	=item L<Coro>
1070		1131
1071	Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>.	1132	Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>.
1072		1133
…		…
1076		1137
1077	package AnyEvent;	1138	package AnyEvent;
1078		1139
1079	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense	1140	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense
1080	sub common_sense {	1141	sub common_sense {
1081	# no warnings	1142	# from common:.sense 1.0
1082	${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS};	1143	${^WARNING_BITS} = "\xfc\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf3\xcf\xc0\xf3\xfc\x33\x00";
1083	# use strict vars subs	1144	# use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl)
1084	$^H \|= 0x00000600;	1145	$^H \|= 0x00000600;
1085	}	1146	}
1086		1147
1087	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }	1148	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1088		1149
1089	use Carp ();	1150	use Carp ();
1090		1151
1091	our $VERSION = 4.881;	1152	our $VERSION = '5.261';
1092	our $MODEL;	1153	our $MODEL;
1093		1154
1094	our $AUTOLOAD;	1155	our $AUTOLOAD;
1095	our @ISA;	1156	our @ISA;
1096		1157
1097	our @REGISTRY;	1158	our @REGISTRY;
1098		1159
1099	our $WIN32;
1100
1101	our $VERBOSE;	1160	our $VERBOSE;
1102		1161
1103	BEGIN {	1162	BEGIN {
1104	eval "sub WIN32(){ " . (($^O =~ /mswin32/i)*1) ." }";	1163	require "AnyEvent/constants.pl";
		1164
1105	eval "sub TAINT(){ " . (${^TAINT}*1) . " }";	1165	eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}";
1106		1166
1107	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}	1167	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}
1108	if ${^TAINT};	1168	if ${^TAINT};
1109		1169
1110	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;	1170	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;
…		…
1122	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";	1182	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";
1123	}	1183	}
1124		1184
1125	my @models = (	1185	my @models = (
1126	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1],	1186	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1],
1127	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1],
1128	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],	1187	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],
1129	# everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed	1188	# everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed
1130	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere	1189	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere
1131	# and is usually faster	1190	# and is usually faster
		1191	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1],
1132	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers	1192	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers
1133	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy	1193	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy
1134	[Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package	1194	[Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package
1135	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles	1195	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles
1136	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program	1196	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program
…		…
1139	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],	1199	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1140	# IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its	1200	# IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its
1141	# byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.	1201	# byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.
1142	# IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any	1202	# IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any
1143	# obvious default class.	1203	# obvious default class.
1144	# [0, IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1204	[IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1145	# [0, IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1205	[IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1146	# [0, IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1206	[IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
		1207	[AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1147	);	1208	);
1148		1209
1149	our %method = map +($_ => 1),	1210	our %method = map +($_ => 1),
1150	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);	1211	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);
1151		1212
1152	our @post_detect;	1213	our @post_detect;
1153		1214
1154	sub post_detect(&) {	1215	sub post_detect(&) {
1155	my ($cb) = @_;	1216	my ($cb) = @_;
1156		1217
1157	if ($MODEL) {
1158	$cb->();
1159
1160	undef
1161	} else {
1162	push @post_detect, $cb;	1218	push @post_detect, $cb;
1163		1219
1164	defined wantarray	1220	defined wantarray
1165	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"	1221	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
1166	: ()	1222	: ()
1167	}
1168	}	1223	}
1169		1224
1170	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {	1225	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {
1171	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;	1226	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;
1172	}	1227	}
1173		1228
1174	sub detect() {	1229	sub detect() {
		1230	# free some memory
		1231	*detect = sub () { $MODEL };
		1232
		1233	local $!; # for good measure
		1234	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		1235
		1236	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {
		1237	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
		1238	if (eval "require $model") {
		1239	$MODEL = $model;
		1240	warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
		1241	} else {
		1242	warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE;
		1243	}
		1244	}
		1245
		1246	# check for already loaded models
1175	unless ($MODEL) {	1247	unless ($MODEL) {
1176	local $SIG{__DIE__};	1248	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1177		1249	my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1178	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {	1250	if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {
1179	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
1180	if (eval "require $model") {	1251	if (eval "require $model") {
1181	$MODEL = $model;	1252	$MODEL = $model;
1182	warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;	1253	warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1183	} else {	1254	last;
1184	warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE;	1255	}
1185	}	1256	}
1186	}	1257	}
1187		1258
1188	# check for already loaded models
1189	unless ($MODEL) {	1259	unless ($MODEL) {
		1260	# try to autoload a model
1190	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {	1261	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1191	my ($package, $model) = @$_;	1262	my ($package, $model, $autoload) = @$_;
		1263	if (
		1264	$autoload
		1265	and eval "require $package"
1192	if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {	1266	and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1193	if (eval "require $model") {	1267	and eval "require $model"
		1268	) {
1194	$MODEL = $model;	1269	$MODEL = $model;
1195	warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;	1270	warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1196	last;	1271	last;
1197	}
1198	}	1272	}
1199	}	1273	}
1200		1274
1201	unless ($MODEL) {
1202	# try to autoload a model
1203	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1204	my ($package, $model, $autoload) = @$_;
1205	if (
1206	$autoload
1207	and eval "require $package"
1208	and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1209	and eval "require $model"
1210	) {
1211	$MODEL = $model;
1212	warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1213	last;
1214	}
1215	}
1216
1217	$MODEL	1275	$MODEL
1218	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";	1276	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";
1219	}
1220	}	1277	}
1221
1222	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
1223
1224	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
1225
1226	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
1227
1228	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
1229	}	1278	}
		1279
		1280	@models = (); # free probe data
		1281
		1282	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
		1283	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
		1284
		1285	# now nuke some methods that are overriden by the backend.
		1286	# SUPER is not allowed.
		1287	for (qw(time signal child idle)) {
		1288	undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"}
		1289	if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"};
		1290	}
		1291
		1292	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
		1293
		1294	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
		1295
		1296	*post_detect = sub(&) {
		1297	shift->();
		1298
		1299	undef
		1300	};
1230		1301
1231	$MODEL	1302	$MODEL
1232	}	1303	}
1233		1304
1234	sub AUTOLOAD {	1305	sub AUTOLOAD {
1235	(my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://;	1306	(my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://;
1236		1307
1237	$method{$func}	1308	$method{$func}
1238	or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid method for AnyEvent objects";	1309	or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid AnyEvent class method";
1239		1310
1240	detect unless $MODEL;	1311	detect;
1241		1312
1242	my $class = shift;	1313	my $class = shift;
1243	$class->$func (@_);	1314	$class->$func (@_);
1244	}	1315	}
1245		1316
…		…
1258	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases	1329	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases
1259		1330
1260	($fh2, $rw)	1331	($fh2, $rw)
1261	}	1332	}
1262		1333
		1334	=head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API
		1335
		1336	Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much
		1337	simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory
		1338	overhead by using function call syntax and a fixed number of parameters.
		1339
		1340	See the L<AE> manpage for details.
		1341
		1342	=cut
		1343
		1344	package AE;
		1345
		1346	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		1347
		1348	# fall back to the main API by default - backends and AnyEvent::Base
		1349	# implementations can overwrite these.
		1350
		1351	sub io($$$) {
		1352	AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])
		1353	}
		1354
		1355	sub timer($$$) {
		1356	AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2])
		1357	}
		1358
		1359	sub signal($$) {
		1360	AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
		1361	}
		1362
		1363	sub child($$) {
		1364	AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
		1365	}
		1366
		1367	sub idle($) {
		1368	AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0])
		1369	}
		1370
		1371	sub cv(;&) {
		1372	AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ())
		1373	}
		1374
		1375	sub now() {
		1376	AnyEvent->now
		1377	}
		1378
		1379	sub now_update() {
		1380	AnyEvent->now_update
		1381	}
		1382
		1383	sub time() {
		1384	AnyEvent->time
		1385	}
		1386
1263	package AnyEvent::Base;	1387	package AnyEvent::Base;
1264		1388
1265	# default implementations for many methods	1389	# default implementations for many methods
1266		1390
1267	sub _time {	1391	sub time {
		1392	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1268	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes	1393	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes
1269	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {	1394	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
1270	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;	1395	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1271	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;	1396	*AE::time = \&Time::HiRes::time;
1272	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...	1397	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
1273	} else {	1398	} else {
1274	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;	1399	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;
1275	*_time = sub { time }; # epic fail	1400	*AE::time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail
		1401	}
		1402
		1403	*time = sub { AE::time }; # different prototypes
1276	}	1404	};
		1405	die if $@;
1277		1406
1278	&_time	1407	&time
1279	}	1408	}
1280		1409
1281	sub time { _time }	1410	*now = \&time;
1282	sub now { _time }	1411
1283	sub now_update { }	1412	sub now_update { }
1284		1413
1285	# default implementation for ->condvar	1414	# default implementation for ->condvar
1286		1415
1287	sub condvar {	1416	sub condvar {
		1417	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1418	*condvar = sub {
1288	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"	1419	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
		1420	};
		1421
		1422	*AE::cv = sub (;&) {
		1423	bless { @_ ? (_ae_cb => shift) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
		1424	};
		1425	};
		1426	die if $@;
		1427
		1428	&condvar
1289	}	1429	}
1290		1430
1291	# default implementation for ->signal	1431	# default implementation for ->signal
1292		1432
1293	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;	1433	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
1294		1434
1295	sub _have_async_interrupt() {	1435	sub _have_async_interrupt() {
1296	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT}	1436	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT}
1297	&& eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.0 (); 1")	1437	&& eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.02 (); 1")
1298	unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;	1438	unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
1299		1439
1300	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT	1440	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1301	}	1441	}
1302		1442
1303	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);	1443	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);
1304	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);	1444	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);
1305	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);	1445	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);
1306		1446
1307	sub _signal_exec {
1308	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1309	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain
1310	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 9;
1311
1312	while (%SIG_EV) {
1313	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
1314	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
1315	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
1316	}
1317	}
1318	}
1319
1320	# install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency	1447	# install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency
		1448	# used by Impls
1321	sub _sig_add() {	1449	sub _sig_add() {
1322	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {	1450	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {
1323	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible	1451	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible
1324	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;	1452	my $NOW = AE::now;
1325		1453
1326	$SIG_TW = AnyEvent->timer (	1454	$SIG_TW = AE::timer
1327	after => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW),	1455	$MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW),
1328	interval => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,	1456	$MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,
1329	cb => sub { }, # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK	1457	sub { } # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK
1330	);	1458	;
1331	}	1459	}
1332	}	1460	}
1333		1461
1334	sub _sig_del {	1462	sub _sig_del {
1335	undef $SIG_TW	1463	undef $SIG_TW
1336	unless --$SIG_COUNT;	1464	unless --$SIG_COUNT;
1337	}	1465	}
1338		1466
1339	our %SIGNAME2NUM;
1340	our @SIGNUM2NAME;
1341	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {	1467	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {
		1468	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1342	undef $_sig_name_init;	1469	undef $_sig_name_init;
1343		1470
1344	if (_have_async_interrupt) {	1471	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
1345	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;	1472	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;
1346	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;	1473	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;
1347	} else {	1474	} else {
1348	require Config;	1475	require Config;
1349		1476
		1477	my %signame2num;
1350	@SIGNAME2NUM{ split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_name} }	1478	@signame2num{ split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_name} }
1351	= split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_num};	1479	= split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_num};
1352	@SIGNUM2NAME[values %SIGNAME2NUM] = keys %SIGNAME2NUM;
1353		1480
		1481	my @signum2name;
		1482	@signum2name[values %signame2num] = keys %signame2num;
		1483
1354	*sig2num = sub($) {	1484	*sig2num = sub($) {
1355	$_[0] > 0 ? shift : $SIGNAME2NUM{+shift}	1485	$_[0] > 0 ? shift : $signame2num{+shift}
1356	};	1486	};
1357	*sig2name = sub ($) {	1487	*sig2name = sub ($) {
1358	$_[0] > 0 ? $SIGNUM2NAME[+shift] : shift	1488	$_[0] > 0 ? $signum2name[+shift] : shift
		1489	};
1359	};	1490	}
1360	}	1491	};
		1492	die if $@;
1361	};	1493	};
1362		1494
1363	sub sig2num ($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2num }	1495	sub sig2num ($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2num }
1364	sub sig2name($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2name }	1496	sub sig2name($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2name }
1365		1497
1366	sub _signal {	1498	sub signal {
		1499	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1500	# probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
		1501	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
		1502	warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
		1503
		1504	$SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
		1505	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec;
		1506
		1507	} else {
		1508	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
		1509
		1510	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
		1511	require AnyEvent::Util;
		1512
		1513	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
		1514	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R, 1) if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1515	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W, 1) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1516	} else {
		1517	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
		1518	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, AnyEvent::F_SETFL, AnyEvent::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1519	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, AnyEvent::F_SETFL, AnyEvent::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1520
		1521	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
		1522	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, AnyEvent::F_SETFD, AnyEvent::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1523	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, AnyEvent::F_SETFD, AnyEvent::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1524	}
		1525
		1526	$SIGPIPE_R
		1527	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
		1528
		1529	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec;
		1530	}
		1531
		1532	*signal = $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1533	? sub {
1367	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1534	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1368		1535
1369	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
1370	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
1371
1372	if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {
1373	# async::interrupt	1536	# async::interrupt
1374
1375	$signal = sig2num $signal;	1537	my $signal = sig2num $arg{signal};
1376	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1538	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1377		1539
1378	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt	1540	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt
1379	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },	1541	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },
1380	signal => $signal,	1542	signal => $signal,
1381	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],	1543	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],
1382	pipe_autodrain => 0,	1544	pipe_autodrain => 0,
		1545	;
		1546
		1547	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1548	}
		1549	: sub {
		1550	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
		1551
		1552	# pure perl
		1553	my $signal = sig2name $arg{signal};
		1554	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
		1555
		1556	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
		1557	local $!;
		1558	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
		1559	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
		1560	};
		1561
		1562	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
		1563	# so limit the signal latency.
		1564	_sig_add;
		1565
		1566	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1567	}
1383	;	1568	;
1384		1569
1385	} else {	1570	*AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {
1386	# pure perl	1571	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1387		1572
1388	# AE::Util has been loaded in signal	1573	_sig_del;
1389	$signal = sig2name $signal;
1390	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1391		1574
1392	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {	1575	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
1393	local $!;	1576
1394	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;	1577	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1578	? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
		1579	: # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
		1580	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
		1581	# instead of getting the default action.
1395	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};	1582	undef $SIG{$signal}
		1583	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1396	};	1584	};
1397		1585
1398	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,	1586	*_signal_exec = sub {
1399	# so limit the signal latency.	1587	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1400	_sig_add;	1588	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain
1401	}	1589	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9;
1402		1590
1403	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"	1591	while (%SIG_EV) {
1404	}	1592	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
1405		1593	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
1406	sub signal {	1594	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
1407	# probe for availability of Async::Interrupt	1595	}
1408	if (_have_async_interrupt) {	1596	}
1409	warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1410
1411	$SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1412	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1413
1414	} else {
1415	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1416
1417	require Fcntl;
1418
1419	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1420	require AnyEvent::Util;
1421
1422	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1423	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R) if $SIGPIPE_R;
1424	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1425	} else {
1426	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
1427	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
1428	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1429
1430	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
1431	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1432	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1433	}	1597	};
1434
1435	$SIGPIPE_R
1436	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
1437
1438	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1439	}	1598	};
		1599	die if $@;
1440		1600
1441	*signal = \&_signal;
1442	&signal	1601	&signal
1443	}
1444
1445	sub AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY {
1446	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1447
1448	_sig_del;
1449
1450	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
1451
1452	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1453	? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
1454	: # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
1455	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
1456	# instead of getting the default action.
1457	undef $SIG{$signal}
1458	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1459	}	1602	}
1460		1603
1461	# default implementation for ->child	1604	# default implementation for ->child
1462		1605
1463	our %PID_CB;	1606	our %PID_CB;
1464	our $CHLD_W;	1607	our $CHLD_W;
1465	our $CHLD_DELAY_W;	1608	our $CHLD_DELAY_W;
1466	our $WNOHANG;	1609	our $WNOHANG;
1467		1610
		1611	# used by many Impl's
1468	sub _emit_childstatus($$) {	1612	sub _emit_childstatus($$) {
1469	my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_;	1613	my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_;
1470		1614
1471	$_->($rpid, $rstatus)	1615	$_->($rpid, $rstatus)
1472	for values %{ $PID_CB{$rpid} \|\| {} },	1616	for values %{ $PID_CB{$rpid} \|\| {} },
1473	values %{ $PID_CB{0} \|\| {} };	1617	values %{ $PID_CB{0} \|\| {} };
1474	}	1618	}
1475		1619
1476	sub _sigchld {
1477	my $pid;
1478
1479	AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?)
1480	while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0;
1481	}
1482
1483	sub child {	1620	sub child {
		1621	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1622	*_sigchld = sub {
		1623	my $pid;
		1624
		1625	AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?)
		1626	while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0;
		1627	};
		1628
		1629	*child = sub {
1484	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1630	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1485		1631
1486	defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)	1632	defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)
1487	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";	1633	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";
1488		1634
1489	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1635	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1490		1636
1491	# WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere	1637	# WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere
1492	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/	1638	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/
1493	? 1	1639	? 1
1494	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;	1640	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;
1495		1641
1496	unless ($CHLD_W) {	1642	unless ($CHLD_W) {
1497	$CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld);	1643	$CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld;
1498	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round	1644	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round
1499	&_sigchld;	1645	&_sigchld;
1500	}	1646	}
1501		1647
1502	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"	1648	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"
1503	}	1649	};
1504		1650
1505	sub AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY {	1651	*AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY = sub {
1506	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1652	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1507		1653
1508	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};	1654	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};
1509	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };	1655	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };
1510		1656
1511	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;	1657	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;
		1658	};
		1659	};
		1660	die if $@;
		1661
		1662	&child
1512	}	1663	}
1513		1664
1514	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless	1665	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless
1515	# of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting	1666	# of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting
1516	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.	1667	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.
1517	sub idle {	1668	sub idle {
		1669	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1670	*idle = sub {
1518	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1671	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1519		1672
1520	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};	1673	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};
1521		1674
1522	$rcb = sub {	1675	$rcb = sub {
1523	if ($cb) {	1676	if ($cb) {
1524	$w = _time;	1677	$w = _time;
1525	&$cb;	1678	&$cb;
1526	$w = _time - $w;	1679	$w = _time - $w;
1527		1680
1528	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,	1681	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,
1529	# within some limits	1682	# within some limits
1530	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;	1683	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;
1531	$w = 5 if $w > 5;	1684	$w = 5 if $w > 5;
1532		1685
1533	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $w, cb => $rcb);	1686	$w = AE::timer $w, 0, $rcb;
1534	} else {	1687	} else {
1535	# clean up...	1688	# clean up...
1536	undef $w;	1689	undef $w;
1537	undef $rcb;	1690	undef $rcb;
		1691	}
		1692	};
		1693
		1694	$w = AE::timer 0.05, 0, $rcb;
		1695
		1696	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1538	}	1697	};
		1698
		1699	*AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY = sub {
		1700	undef $${$_[0]};
		1701	};
1539	};	1702	};
		1703	die if $@;
1540		1704
1541	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.05, cb => $rcb);	1705	&idle
1542
1543	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1544	}
1545
1546	sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY {
1547	undef $${$_[0]};
1548	}	1706	}
1549		1707
1550	package AnyEvent::CondVar;	1708	package AnyEvent::CondVar;
1551		1709
1552	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;	1710	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;
…		…
1600	Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};	1758	Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};
1601	wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]	1759	wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]
1602	}	1760	}
1603		1761
1604	sub cb {	1762	sub cb {
1605	$_[0]{_ae_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;	1763	my $cv = shift;
		1764
		1765	@_
		1766	and $cv->{_ae_cb} = shift
		1767	and $cv->{_ae_sent}
		1768	and (delete $cv->{_ae_cb})->($cv);
		1769
1606	$_[0]{_ae_cb}	1770	$cv->{_ae_cb}
1607	}	1771	}
1608		1772
1609	sub begin {	1773	sub begin {
1610	++$_[0]{_ae_counter};	1774	++$_[0]{_ae_counter};
1611	$_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;	1775	$_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
…		…
1820	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read	1984	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read
1821	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i	1985	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i
1822	},	1986	},
1823	);	1987	);
1824		1988
1825	my $time_watcher; # can only be used once
1826
1827	sub new_timer {
1828	$timer = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, cb => sub {	1989	my $time_watcher = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, interval => 1, cb => sub {
1829	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' about every second	1990	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' at most every second
1830	&new_timer; # and restart the time
1831	});	1991	});
1832	}
1833
1834	new_timer; # create first timer
1835		1992
1836	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i	1993	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i
1837		1994
1838	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE	1995	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE
1839		1996
…		…
1912		2069
1913	The actual code goes further and collects all errors (C<die>s, exceptions)	2070	The actual code goes further and collects all errors (C<die>s, exceptions)
1914	that occurred during request processing. The C<result> method detects	2071	that occurred during request processing. The C<result> method detects
1915	whether an exception as thrown (it is stored inside the $txn object)	2072	whether an exception as thrown (it is stored inside the $txn object)
1916	and just throws the exception, which means connection errors and other	2073	and just throws the exception, which means connection errors and other
1917	problems get reported tot he code that tries to use the result, not in a	2074	problems get reported to the code that tries to use the result, not in a
1918	random callback.	2075	random callback.
1919		2076
1920	All of this enables the following usage styles:	2077	All of this enables the following usage styles:
1921		2078
1922	1. Blocking:	2079	1. Blocking:
…		…
1970	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero	2127	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero
1971	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,	2128	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,
1972	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.	2129	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.
1973		2130
1974	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent	2131	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent
1975	distribution.	2132	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2133	for the EV and Perl backends only.
1976		2134
1977	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2135	=head3 Explanation of the columns
1978		2136
1979	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since	2137	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since
1980	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event	2138	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event
…		…
2001	watcher.	2159	watcher.
2002		2160
2003	=head3 Results	2161	=head3 Results
2004		2162
2005	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment	2163	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment
2006	EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface	2164	EV/EV 100000 223 0.47 0.43 0.27 EV native interface
2007	EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers	2165	EV/Any 100000 223 0.48 0.42 0.26 EV + AnyEvent watchers
2008	CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal	2166	Coro::EV/Any 100000 223 0.47 0.42 0.26 coroutines + Coro::Signal
2009	Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation	2167	Perl/Any 100000 431 2.70 0.74 0.92 pure perl implementation
2010	Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface	2168	Event/Event 16000 516 31.16 31.84 0.82 Event native interface
2011	Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers	2169	Event/Any 16000 1203 42.61 34.79 1.80 Event + AnyEvent watchers
2012	IOAsync/Any 16000 989 38.10 32.77 11.13 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll	2170	IOAsync/Any 16000 1911 41.92 27.45 16.81 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll
2013	IOAsync/Any 16000 990 37.59 29.50 10.61 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll	2171	IOAsync/Any 16000 1726 40.69 26.37 15.25 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll
2014	Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour	2172	Glib/Any 16000 1118 89.00 12.57 51.17 quadratic behaviour
2015	Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers	2173	Tk/Any 2000 1346 20.96 10.75 8.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers
2016	POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event	2174	POE/Any 2000 6951 108.97 795.32 14.24 via POE::Loop::Event
2017	POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select	2175	POE/Any 2000 6648 94.79 774.40 575.51 via POE::Loop::Select
2018		2176
2019	=head3 Discussion	2177	=head3 Discussion
2020		2178
2021	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very	2179	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very
2022	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)	2180	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)
…		…
2034	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with	2192	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with
2035	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU	2193	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU
2036	cycles with POE.	2194	cycles with POE.
2037		2195
2038	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both	2196	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both
2039	maximal/minimal, respectively. Even when going through AnyEvent, it uses	2197	maximal/minimal, respectively. When using the L<AE> API there is zero
		2198	overhead (when going through the AnyEvent API create is about 5-6 times
		2199	slower, with other times being equal, so still uses far less memory than
2040	far less memory than any other event loop and is still faster than Event	2200	any other event loop and is still faster than Event natively).
2041	natively.
2042		2201
2043	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the	2202	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the
2044	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl	2203	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl
2045	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it	2204	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it
2046	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its	2205	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its
…		…
2120	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100	2279	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100
2121	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many	2280	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many
2122	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.	2281	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.
2123		2282
2124	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent	2283	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent
2125	distribution.	2284	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2285	for the EV and Perl backends only.
2126		2286
2127	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2287	=head3 Explanation of the columns
2128		2288
2129	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as	2289	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as
2130	each server has a read and write socket end).	2290	each server has a read and write socket end).
…		…
2138	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.	2298	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.
2139		2299
2140	=head3 Results	2300	=head3 Results
2141		2301
2142	name sockets create request	2302	name sockets create request
2143	EV 20000 69.01 11.16	2303	EV 20000 62.66 7.99
2144	Perl 20000 73.32 35.87	2304	Perl 20000 68.32 32.64
2145	IOAsync 20000 157.00 98.14 epoll	2305	IOAsync 20000 174.06 101.15 epoll
2146	IOAsync 20000 159.31 616.06 poll	2306	IOAsync 20000 174.67 610.84 poll
2147	Event 20000 212.62 257.32	2307	Event 20000 202.69 242.91
2148	Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30	2308	Glib 20000 557.01 1689.52
2149	POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event	2309	POE 20000 341.54 12086.32 uses POE::Loop::Event
2150		2310
2151	=head3 Discussion	2311	=head3 Discussion
2152		2312
2153	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the	2313	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the
2154	particular event loop.	2314	particular event loop.
…		…
2280	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the	2440	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the
2281	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl	2441	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl
2282	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.	2442	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.
2283		2443
2284	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and	2444	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and
2285	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda by a	2445	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda
2286	large margin, even though it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O	2446	higher level ("unoptimised") abstractions by a large margin, even though
2287	in a non-blocking way.	2447	it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O in a non-blocking way.
2288		2448
2289	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and	2449	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and
2290	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are	2450	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are
2291	part of the IO::lambda distribution and were used without any changes.	2451	part of the IO::Lambda distribution and were used without any changes.
2292		2452
2293		2453
2294	=head1 SIGNALS	2454	=head1 SIGNALS
2295		2455
2296	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:	2456	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:
…		…
2338	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.	2498	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.
2339		2499
2340	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional	2500	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional
2341	modules if they are installed.	2501	modules if they are installed.
2342		2502
2343	This section epxlains which additional modules will be used, and how they	2503	This section explains which additional modules will be used, and how they
2344	affect AnyEvent's operetion.	2504	affect AnyEvent's operation.
2345		2505
2346	=over 4	2506	=over 4
2347		2507
2348	=item L<Async::Interrupt>	2508	=item L<Async::Interrupt>
2349		2509
…		…
2354	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for	2514	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for
2355	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).	2515	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).
2356		2516
2357	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal	2517	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal
2358	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop	2518	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop
2359	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (And good for	2519	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (and good for
2360	battery life on laptops).	2520	battery life on laptops).
2361		2521
2362	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops	2522	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops
2363	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).	2523	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).
2364		2524
…		…
2376	automatic timer adjustments even when no monotonic clock is available,	2536	automatic timer adjustments even when no monotonic clock is available,
2377	can take avdantage of advanced kernel interfaces such as C<epoll> and	2537	can take avdantage of advanced kernel interfaces such as C<epoll> and
2378	C<kqueue>, and is the fastest backend I<by far>. You can even embed	2538	C<kqueue>, and is the fastest backend I<by far>. You can even embed
2379	L<Glib>/L<Gtk2> in it (or vice versa, see L<EV::Glib> and L<Glib::EV>).	2539	L<Glib>/L<Gtk2> in it (or vice versa, see L<EV::Glib> and L<Glib::EV>).
2380		2540
		2541	If you only use backends that rely on another event loop (e.g. C<Tk>),
		2542	then this module will do nothing for you.
		2543
2381	=item L<Guard>	2544	=item L<Guard>
2382		2545
2383	The guard module, when used, will be used to implement	2546	The guard module, when used, will be used to implement
2384	C<AnyEvent::Util::guard>. This speeds up guards considerably (and uses a	2547	C<AnyEvent::Util::guard>. This speeds up guards considerably (and uses a
2385	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is	2548	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is
2386	purely used for performance.	2549	purely used for performance.
2387		2550
2388	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>	2551	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>
2389		2552
2390	This module is required when you want to read or write JSON data via	2553	One of these modules is required when you want to read or write JSON data
2391	L<AnyEvent::Handle>. It is also written in pure-perl, but can take	2554	via L<AnyEvent::Handle>. L<JSON> is also written in pure-perl, but can take
2392	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.	2555	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.
2393
2394	In fact, L<AnyEvent::Handle> will use L<JSON::XS> by default if it is
2395	installed.
2396		2556
2397	=item L<Net::SSLeay>	2557	=item L<Net::SSLeay>
2398		2558
2399	Implementing TLS/SSL in Perl is certainly interesting, but not very	2559	Implementing TLS/SSL in Perl is certainly interesting, but not very
2400	worthwhile: If this module is installed, then L<AnyEvent::Handle> (with	2560	worthwhile: If this module is installed, then L<AnyEvent::Handle> (with
…		…
2411		2571
2412		2572
2413	=head1 FORK	2573	=head1 FORK
2414		2574
2415	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are	2575	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are
2416	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll>	2576	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll> calls
2417	calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware.	2577	- higher performance APIs such as BSD's kqueue or the dreaded Linux epoll
		2578	are usually badly thought-out hacks that are incompatible with fork in
		2579	one way or another. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware and ensures that you
		2580	continue event-processing in both parent and child (or both, if you know
		2581	what you are doing).
		2582
		2583	This means that, in general, you cannot fork and do event processing in
		2584	the child if the event library was initialised before the fork (which
		2585	usually happens when the first AnyEvent watcher is created, or the library
		2586	is loaded).
2418		2587
2419	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first	2588	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first
2420	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do	2589	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do
2421	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.	2590	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.
		2591
		2592	The problem of doing event processing in the parent I<and> the child
		2593	is much more complicated: even for backends that I<are> fork-aware or
		2594	fork-safe, their behaviour is not usually what you want: fork clones all
		2595	watchers, that means all timers, I/O watchers etc. are active in both
		2596	parent and child, which is almost never what you want. USing C<exec>
		2597	to start worker children from some kind of manage rprocess is usually
		2598	preferred, because it is much easier and cleaner, at the expense of having
		2599	to have another binary.
2422		2600
2423		2601
2424	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS	2602	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
2425		2603
2426	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via	2604	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents): Revision 1.263 by root, Wed Jul 29 12:39:21 2009 UTC vs. Revision 1.324 by root, Thu May 20 23:55:51 2010 UTC

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.263 by root, Wed Jul 29 12:39:21 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.324 by root, Thu May 20 23:55:51 2010 UTC