… | |
… | |
363 | might affect timers and time-outs. |
363 | might affect timers and time-outs. |
364 | |
364 | |
365 | When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the |
365 | When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the |
366 | event loop's idea of "current time". |
366 | event loop's idea of "current time". |
367 | |
367 | |
|
|
368 | A typical example would be a script in a web server (e.g. C<mod_perl>) - |
|
|
369 | when mod_perl executes the script, then the event loop will have the wrong |
|
|
370 | idea about the "current time" (being potentially far in the past, when the |
|
|
371 | script ran the last time). In that case you should arrange a call to C<< |
|
|
372 | AnyEvent->now_update >> each time the web server process wakes up again |
|
|
373 | (e.g. at the start of your script, or in a handler). |
|
|
374 | |
368 | Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled. |
375 | Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled. |
369 | |
376 | |
370 | =back |
377 | =back |
371 | |
378 | |
372 | =head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS |
379 | =head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS |
… | |
… | |
399 | my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 }); |
406 | my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 }); |
400 | |
407 | |
401 | =head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds |
408 | =head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds |
402 | |
409 | |
403 | Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching |
410 | Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching |
404 | callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot do |
411 | callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot |
405 | race-free signal handling in perl. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, but |
412 | do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for |
|
|
413 | this. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, which means in some cases, |
406 | in some cases, signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might |
414 | signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is |
407 | be delayed is specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 |
415 | specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This |
408 | seconds). This variable can be changed only before the first signal |
416 | variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created, |
409 | watcher is created, and should be left alone otherwise. Higher values |
417 | and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often |
|
|
418 | AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values |
410 | will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU |
419 | will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU |
|
|
420 | saving. |
|
|
421 | |
411 | saving. All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional |
422 | All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional |
412 | L<Async::Interrupt> module. This will not work with inherently broken |
423 | L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not |
413 | event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib> (and not with L<POE> |
424 | work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib> |
414 | currently, as POE does it's own workaround with one-second latency). With |
425 | (and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does it's own workaround with |
415 | those, you just have to suffer the delays. |
426 | one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays. |
416 | |
427 | |
417 | =head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS |
428 | =head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS |
418 | |
429 | |
419 | $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>); |
430 | $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>); |
420 | |
431 | |
… | |
… | |
588 | after => 1, |
599 | after => 1, |
589 | cb => sub { $result_ready->send }, |
600 | cb => sub { $result_ready->send }, |
590 | ); |
601 | ); |
591 | |
602 | |
592 | # this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback |
603 | # this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback |
593 | # calls -<send |
604 | # calls ->send |
594 | $result_ready->recv; |
605 | $result_ready->recv; |
595 | |
606 | |
596 | Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition |
607 | Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition |
597 | variables are also callable directly. |
608 | variables are also callable directly. |
598 | |
609 | |
… | |
… | |
662 | one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want |
673 | one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want |
663 | to use a condition variable for the whole process. |
674 | to use a condition variable for the whole process. |
664 | |
675 | |
665 | Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to |
676 | Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to |
666 | C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end |
677 | C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end |
667 | >>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback |
678 | >>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed, passing the |
668 | is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no |
679 | condvar as first argument. That callback is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send |
669 | callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments. |
680 | >>, but that is not required. If no group callback was set, C<send> will |
|
|
681 | be called without any arguments. |
670 | |
682 | |
671 | You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call |
683 | You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call |
672 | sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND |
684 | sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND |
673 | condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends). |
685 | condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends). |
674 | |
686 | |
… | |
… | |
701 | begung can potentially be zero: |
713 | begung can potentially be zero: |
702 | |
714 | |
703 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
715 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
704 | |
716 | |
705 | my %result; |
717 | my %result; |
706 | $cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) }); |
718 | $cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) }); |
707 | |
719 | |
708 | for my $host (@list_of_hosts) { |
720 | for my $host (@list_of_hosts) { |
709 | $cv->begin; |
721 | $cv->begin; |
710 | ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub { |
722 | ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub { |
711 | $result{$host} = ...; |
723 | $result{$host} = ...; |
… | |
… | |
786 | =item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv)) |
798 | =item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv)) |
787 | |
799 | |
788 | This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally |
800 | This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally |
789 | replaces it before doing so. |
801 | replaces it before doing so. |
790 | |
802 | |
791 | The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when |
803 | The callback will be called when the condition becomes (or already was) |
792 | C<send> or C<croak> are called, with the only argument being the condition |
804 | "true", i.e. when C<send> or C<croak> are called (or were called), with |
793 | variable itself. Calling C<recv> inside the callback or at any later time |
805 | the only argument being the condition variable itself. Calling C<recv> |
794 | is guaranteed not to block. |
806 | inside the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block. |
795 | |
807 | |
796 | =back |
808 | =back |
797 | |
809 | |
798 | =head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS |
810 | =head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS |
799 | |
811 | |
… | |
… | |
802 | =over 4 |
814 | =over 4 |
803 | |
815 | |
804 | =item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found. |
816 | =item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found. |
805 | |
817 | |
806 | EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in |
818 | EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in |
807 | use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will try Event, and, failing |
819 | use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own |
808 | that, will fall back to its own pure-perl implementation, which is |
820 | pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with |
809 | available everywhere as it comes with AnyEvent itself. |
821 | AnyEvent itself. |
810 | |
822 | |
811 | AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice). |
823 | AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice). |
812 | AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches. |
|
|
813 | AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable. |
824 | AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable. |
814 | |
825 | |
815 | =item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used. |
826 | =item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used. |
816 | |
827 | |
817 | These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher |
828 | These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher |
818 | is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using |
829 | is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using |
819 | them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend |
830 | them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend |
820 | when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to |
831 | when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to |
821 | create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program. |
832 | create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program. |
822 | |
833 | |
|
|
834 | AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches. |
823 | AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable. |
835 | AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable. |
824 | AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken. |
836 | AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken. |
825 | AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. |
837 | AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. |
826 | AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. |
838 | AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. |
827 | AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi. |
839 | AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi. |
… | |
… | |
1101 | |
1113 | |
1102 | package AnyEvent; |
1114 | package AnyEvent; |
1103 | |
1115 | |
1104 | # basically a tuned-down version of common::sense |
1116 | # basically a tuned-down version of common::sense |
1105 | sub common_sense { |
1117 | sub common_sense { |
1106 | # no warnings |
1118 | # from common:.sense 1.0 |
1107 | ${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS}; |
1119 | ${^WARNING_BITS} = "\xfc\x3f\xf3\x00\x0f\xf3\xcf\xc0\xf3\xfc\x33\x03"; |
1108 | # use strict vars subs |
1120 | # use strict vars subs |
1109 | $^H |= 0x00000600; |
1121 | $^H |= 0x00000600; |
1110 | } |
1122 | } |
1111 | |
1123 | |
1112 | BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } |
1124 | BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } |
1113 | |
1125 | |
1114 | use Carp (); |
1126 | use Carp (); |
1115 | |
1127 | |
1116 | our $VERSION = 4.881; |
1128 | our $VERSION = '5.202'; |
1117 | our $MODEL; |
1129 | our $MODEL; |
1118 | |
1130 | |
1119 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
1131 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
1120 | our @ISA; |
1132 | our @ISA; |
1121 | |
1133 | |
… | |
… | |
1147 | $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; |
1159 | $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; |
1148 | } |
1160 | } |
1149 | |
1161 | |
1150 | my @models = ( |
1162 | my @models = ( |
1151 | [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1], |
1163 | [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1], |
1152 | [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1], |
|
|
1153 | [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1], |
1164 | [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1], |
1154 | # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed |
1165 | # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed |
1155 | # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere |
1166 | # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere |
1156 | # and is usually faster |
1167 | # and is usually faster |
|
|
1168 | [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1], |
1157 | [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers |
1169 | [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers |
1158 | [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy |
1170 | [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy |
1159 | [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package |
1171 | [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package |
1160 | [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles |
1172 | [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles |
1161 | [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program |
1173 | [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program |
… | |
… | |
1164 | [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1176 | [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1165 | # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its |
1177 | # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its |
1166 | # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others. |
1178 | # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others. |
1167 | # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any |
1179 | # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any |
1168 | # obvious default class. |
1180 | # obvious default class. |
1169 | # [0, IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1181 | [IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1170 | # [0, IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1182 | [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1171 | # [0, IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1183 | [IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
|
|
1184 | [AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
1172 | ); |
1185 | ); |
1173 | |
1186 | |
1174 | our %method = map +($_ => 1), |
1187 | our %method = map +($_ => 1), |
1175 | qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY); |
1188 | qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY); |
1176 | |
1189 | |
… | |
… | |
1283 | # we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases |
1296 | # we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases |
1284 | |
1297 | |
1285 | ($fh2, $rw) |
1298 | ($fh2, $rw) |
1286 | } |
1299 | } |
1287 | |
1300 | |
|
|
1301 | =head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API |
|
|
1302 | |
|
|
1303 | Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much |
|
|
1304 | simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory |
|
|
1305 | overhead. |
|
|
1306 | |
|
|
1307 | See the L<AE> manpage for details. |
|
|
1308 | |
|
|
1309 | =cut |
|
|
1310 | |
|
|
1311 | package AE; |
|
|
1312 | |
|
|
1313 | our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION; |
|
|
1314 | |
|
|
1315 | sub io($$$) { |
|
|
1316 | AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2]) |
|
|
1317 | } |
|
|
1318 | |
|
|
1319 | sub timer($$$) { |
|
|
1320 | AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2]) |
|
|
1321 | } |
|
|
1322 | |
|
|
1323 | sub signal($$) { |
|
|
1324 | AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) |
|
|
1325 | } |
|
|
1326 | |
|
|
1327 | sub child($$) { |
|
|
1328 | AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) |
|
|
1329 | } |
|
|
1330 | |
|
|
1331 | sub idle($) { |
|
|
1332 | AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0]) |
|
|
1333 | } |
|
|
1334 | |
|
|
1335 | sub cv(;&) { |
|
|
1336 | AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ()) |
|
|
1337 | } |
|
|
1338 | |
|
|
1339 | sub now() { |
|
|
1340 | AnyEvent->now |
|
|
1341 | } |
|
|
1342 | |
|
|
1343 | sub now_update() { |
|
|
1344 | AnyEvent->now_update |
|
|
1345 | } |
|
|
1346 | |
|
|
1347 | sub time() { |
|
|
1348 | AnyEvent->time |
|
|
1349 | } |
|
|
1350 | |
1288 | package AnyEvent::Base; |
1351 | package AnyEvent::Base; |
1289 | |
1352 | |
1290 | # default implementations for many methods |
1353 | # default implementations for many methods |
1291 | |
1354 | |
1292 | sub _time { |
1355 | sub _time() { |
1293 | # probe for availability of Time::HiRes |
1356 | # probe for availability of Time::HiRes |
1294 | if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") { |
1357 | if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") { |
1295 | warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1358 | warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1296 | *_time = \&Time::HiRes::time; |
1359 | *_time = \&Time::HiRes::time; |
1297 | # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())... |
1360 | # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())... |
… | |
… | |
1317 | |
1380 | |
1318 | our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT; |
1381 | our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT; |
1319 | |
1382 | |
1320 | sub _have_async_interrupt() { |
1383 | sub _have_async_interrupt() { |
1321 | $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT} |
1384 | $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT} |
1322 | && eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.0 (); 1") |
1385 | && eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.02 (); 1") |
1323 | unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT; |
1386 | unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT; |
1324 | |
1387 | |
1325 | $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT |
1388 | $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT |
1326 | } |
1389 | } |
1327 | |
1390 | |
… | |
… | |
1330 | our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW); |
1393 | our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW); |
1331 | |
1394 | |
1332 | sub _signal_exec { |
1395 | sub _signal_exec { |
1333 | $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT |
1396 | $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT |
1334 | ? $SIGPIPE_R->drain |
1397 | ? $SIGPIPE_R->drain |
1335 | : sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 9; |
1398 | : sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9; |
1336 | |
1399 | |
1337 | while (%SIG_EV) { |
1400 | while (%SIG_EV) { |
1338 | for (keys %SIG_EV) { |
1401 | for (keys %SIG_EV) { |
1339 | delete $SIG_EV{$_}; |
1402 | delete $SIG_EV{$_}; |
1340 | $_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} }; |
1403 | $_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} }; |
… | |
… | |
1344 | |
1407 | |
1345 | # install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency |
1408 | # install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency |
1346 | sub _sig_add() { |
1409 | sub _sig_add() { |
1347 | unless ($SIG_COUNT++) { |
1410 | unless ($SIG_COUNT++) { |
1348 | # try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible |
1411 | # try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible |
1349 | my $NOW = AnyEvent->now; |
1412 | my $NOW = AE::now; |
1350 | |
1413 | |
1351 | $SIG_TW = AnyEvent->timer ( |
1414 | $SIG_TW = AE::timer |
1352 | after => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW), |
1415 | $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW), |
1353 | interval => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY, |
1416 | $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY, |
1354 | cb => sub { }, # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK |
1417 | sub { } # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK |
1355 | ); |
1418 | ; |
1356 | } |
1419 | } |
1357 | } |
1420 | } |
1358 | |
1421 | |
1359 | sub _sig_del { |
1422 | sub _sig_del { |
1360 | undef $SIG_TW |
1423 | undef $SIG_TW |
… | |
… | |
1397 | # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt |
1460 | # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt |
1398 | if (_have_async_interrupt) { |
1461 | if (_have_async_interrupt) { |
1399 | warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1462 | warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1400 | |
1463 | |
1401 | $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe; |
1464 | $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe; |
1402 | $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec); |
1465 | $SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec; |
1403 | |
1466 | |
1404 | } else { |
1467 | } else { |
1405 | warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1468 | warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1406 | |
1469 | |
1407 | require Fcntl; |
1470 | require Fcntl; |
… | |
… | |
1423 | } |
1486 | } |
1424 | |
1487 | |
1425 | $SIGPIPE_R |
1488 | $SIGPIPE_R |
1426 | or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n"; |
1489 | or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n"; |
1427 | |
1490 | |
1428 | $SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec); |
1491 | $SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec; |
1429 | } |
1492 | } |
1430 | |
1493 | |
1431 | *signal = sub { |
1494 | *signal = sub { |
1432 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1495 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1433 | |
1496 | |
… | |
… | |
1522 | $WNOHANG ||= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd|netbsd|linux|freebsd|cygwin|MSWin32)$/ |
1585 | $WNOHANG ||= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd|netbsd|linux|freebsd|cygwin|MSWin32)$/ |
1523 | ? 1 |
1586 | ? 1 |
1524 | : eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } || 1; |
1587 | : eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } || 1; |
1525 | |
1588 | |
1526 | unless ($CHLD_W) { |
1589 | unless ($CHLD_W) { |
1527 | $CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld); |
1590 | $CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld; |
1528 | # child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round |
1591 | # child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round |
1529 | &_sigchld; |
1592 | &_sigchld; |
1530 | } |
1593 | } |
1531 | |
1594 | |
1532 | bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child" |
1595 | bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child" |
… | |
… | |
1558 | # never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher, |
1621 | # never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher, |
1559 | # within some limits |
1622 | # within some limits |
1560 | $w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001; |
1623 | $w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001; |
1561 | $w = 5 if $w > 5; |
1624 | $w = 5 if $w > 5; |
1562 | |
1625 | |
1563 | $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $w, cb => $rcb); |
1626 | $w = AE::timer $w, 0, $rcb; |
1564 | } else { |
1627 | } else { |
1565 | # clean up... |
1628 | # clean up... |
1566 | undef $w; |
1629 | undef $w; |
1567 | undef $rcb; |
1630 | undef $rcb; |
1568 | } |
1631 | } |
1569 | }; |
1632 | }; |
1570 | |
1633 | |
1571 | $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.05, cb => $rcb); |
1634 | $w = AE::timer 0.05, 0, $rcb; |
1572 | |
1635 | |
1573 | bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle" |
1636 | bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle" |
1574 | } |
1637 | } |
1575 | |
1638 | |
1576 | sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY { |
1639 | sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY { |
… | |
… | |
1630 | Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak}; |
1693 | Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak}; |
1631 | wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0] |
1694 | wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0] |
1632 | } |
1695 | } |
1633 | |
1696 | |
1634 | sub cb { |
1697 | sub cb { |
1635 | $_[0]{_ae_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1; |
1698 | my $cv = shift; |
|
|
1699 | |
|
|
1700 | @_ |
|
|
1701 | and $cv->{_ae_cb} = shift |
|
|
1702 | and $cv->{_ae_sent} |
|
|
1703 | and (delete $cv->{_ae_cb})->($cv); |
|
|
1704 | |
1636 | $_[0]{_ae_cb} |
1705 | $cv->{_ae_cb} |
1637 | } |
1706 | } |
1638 | |
1707 | |
1639 | sub begin { |
1708 | sub begin { |
1640 | ++$_[0]{_ae_counter}; |
1709 | ++$_[0]{_ae_counter}; |
1641 | $_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1; |
1710 | $_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1; |
… | |
… | |
1647 | } |
1716 | } |
1648 | |
1717 | |
1649 | # undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4 |
1718 | # undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4 |
1650 | *broadcast = \&send; |
1719 | *broadcast = \&send; |
1651 | *wait = \&_wait; |
1720 | *wait = \&_wait; |
1652 | |
|
|
1653 | ############################################################################# |
|
|
1654 | # "new" API, currently only emulation of it |
|
|
1655 | ############################################################################# |
|
|
1656 | |
|
|
1657 | package AE; |
|
|
1658 | |
|
|
1659 | sub io($$$) { |
|
|
1660 | AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2]) |
|
|
1661 | } |
|
|
1662 | |
|
|
1663 | sub timer($$$) { |
|
|
1664 | AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2]); |
|
|
1665 | } |
|
|
1666 | |
|
|
1667 | sub signal($$) { |
|
|
1668 | AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1]); |
|
|
1669 | } |
|
|
1670 | |
|
|
1671 | sub child($$) { |
|
|
1672 | AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1]); |
|
|
1673 | } |
|
|
1674 | |
|
|
1675 | sub idle($) { |
|
|
1676 | AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0]); |
|
|
1677 | } |
|
|
1678 | |
|
|
1679 | sub cv() { |
|
|
1680 | AnyEvent->condvar |
|
|
1681 | } |
|
|
1682 | |
|
|
1683 | sub now() { |
|
|
1684 | AnyEvent->now |
|
|
1685 | } |
|
|
1686 | |
|
|
1687 | sub now_update() { |
|
|
1688 | AnyEvent->now_update |
|
|
1689 | } |
|
|
1690 | |
|
|
1691 | sub time() { |
|
|
1692 | AnyEvent->time |
|
|
1693 | } |
|
|
1694 | |
1721 | |
1695 | =head1 ERROR AND EXCEPTION HANDLING |
1722 | =head1 ERROR AND EXCEPTION HANDLING |
1696 | |
1723 | |
1697 | In general, AnyEvent does not do any error handling - it relies on the |
1724 | In general, AnyEvent does not do any error handling - it relies on the |
1698 | caller to do that if required. The L<AnyEvent::Strict> module (see also |
1725 | caller to do that if required. The L<AnyEvent::Strict> module (see also |
… | |
… | |
1892 | warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read |
1919 | warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read |
1893 | $cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i |
1920 | $cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i |
1894 | }, |
1921 | }, |
1895 | ); |
1922 | ); |
1896 | |
1923 | |
1897 | my $time_watcher; # can only be used once |
|
|
1898 | |
|
|
1899 | sub new_timer { |
|
|
1900 | $timer = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, cb => sub { |
1924 | my $time_watcher = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, interval => 1, cb => sub { |
1901 | warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' about every second |
1925 | warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' at most every second |
1902 | &new_timer; # and restart the time |
|
|
1903 | }); |
1926 | }); |
1904 | } |
|
|
1905 | |
|
|
1906 | new_timer; # create first timer |
|
|
1907 | |
1927 | |
1908 | $cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i |
1928 | $cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i |
1909 | |
1929 | |
1910 | =head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE |
1930 | =head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE |
1911 | |
1931 | |
… | |
… | |
2042 | through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero |
2062 | through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero |
2043 | timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable, |
2063 | timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable, |
2044 | which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again. |
2064 | which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again. |
2045 | |
2065 | |
2046 | Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent |
2066 | Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent |
2047 | distribution. |
2067 | distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference |
|
|
2068 | for the EV and Perl backends only. |
2048 | |
2069 | |
2049 | =head3 Explanation of the columns |
2070 | =head3 Explanation of the columns |
2050 | |
2071 | |
2051 | I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since |
2072 | I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since |
2052 | different event models feature vastly different performances, each event |
2073 | different event models feature vastly different performances, each event |
… | |
… | |
2073 | watcher. |
2094 | watcher. |
2074 | |
2095 | |
2075 | =head3 Results |
2096 | =head3 Results |
2076 | |
2097 | |
2077 | name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment |
2098 | name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment |
2078 | EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface |
2099 | EV/EV 100000 223 0.47 0.43 0.27 EV native interface |
2079 | EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers |
2100 | EV/Any 100000 223 0.48 0.42 0.26 EV + AnyEvent watchers |
2080 | CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal |
2101 | Coro::EV/Any 100000 223 0.47 0.42 0.26 coroutines + Coro::Signal |
2081 | Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation |
2102 | Perl/Any 100000 431 2.70 0.74 0.92 pure perl implementation |
2082 | Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface |
2103 | Event/Event 16000 516 31.16 31.84 0.82 Event native interface |
2083 | Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers |
2104 | Event/Any 16000 1203 42.61 34.79 1.80 Event + AnyEvent watchers |
2084 | IOAsync/Any 16000 989 38.10 32.77 11.13 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll |
2105 | IOAsync/Any 16000 1911 41.92 27.45 16.81 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll |
2085 | IOAsync/Any 16000 990 37.59 29.50 10.61 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll |
2106 | IOAsync/Any 16000 1726 40.69 26.37 15.25 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll |
2086 | Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour |
2107 | Glib/Any 16000 1118 89.00 12.57 51.17 quadratic behaviour |
2087 | Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers |
2108 | Tk/Any 2000 1346 20.96 10.75 8.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers |
2088 | POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event |
2109 | POE/Any 2000 6951 108.97 795.32 14.24 via POE::Loop::Event |
2089 | POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select |
2110 | POE/Any 2000 6648 94.79 774.40 575.51 via POE::Loop::Select |
2090 | |
2111 | |
2091 | =head3 Discussion |
2112 | =head3 Discussion |
2092 | |
2113 | |
2093 | The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very |
2114 | The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very |
2094 | well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one) |
2115 | well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one) |
… | |
… | |
2106 | benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with |
2127 | benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with |
2107 | EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU |
2128 | EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU |
2108 | cycles with POE. |
2129 | cycles with POE. |
2109 | |
2130 | |
2110 | C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both |
2131 | C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both |
2111 | maximal/minimal, respectively. Even when going through AnyEvent, it uses |
2132 | maximal/minimal, respectively. When using the L<AE> API there is zero |
|
|
2133 | overhead (when going through the AnyEvent API create is about 5-6 times |
|
|
2134 | slower, with other times being equal, so still uses far less memory than |
2112 | far less memory than any other event loop and is still faster than Event |
2135 | any other event loop and is still faster than Event natively). |
2113 | natively. |
|
|
2114 | |
2136 | |
2115 | The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the |
2137 | The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the |
2116 | constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl |
2138 | constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl |
2117 | interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it |
2139 | interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it |
2118 | adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its |
2140 | adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its |
… | |
… | |
2192 | In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100 |
2214 | In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100 |
2193 | (1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many |
2215 | (1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many |
2194 | connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time. |
2216 | connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time. |
2195 | |
2217 | |
2196 | Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent |
2218 | Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent |
2197 | distribution. |
2219 | distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference |
|
|
2220 | for the EV and Perl backends only. |
2198 | |
2221 | |
2199 | =head3 Explanation of the columns |
2222 | =head3 Explanation of the columns |
2200 | |
2223 | |
2201 | I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as |
2224 | I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as |
2202 | each server has a read and write socket end). |
2225 | each server has a read and write socket end). |
… | |
… | |
2210 | a new one that moves the timeout into the future. |
2233 | a new one that moves the timeout into the future. |
2211 | |
2234 | |
2212 | =head3 Results |
2235 | =head3 Results |
2213 | |
2236 | |
2214 | name sockets create request |
2237 | name sockets create request |
2215 | EV 20000 69.01 11.16 |
2238 | EV 20000 62.66 7.99 |
2216 | Perl 20000 73.32 35.87 |
2239 | Perl 20000 68.32 32.64 |
2217 | IOAsync 20000 157.00 98.14 epoll |
2240 | IOAsync 20000 174.06 101.15 epoll |
2218 | IOAsync 20000 159.31 616.06 poll |
2241 | IOAsync 20000 174.67 610.84 poll |
2219 | Event 20000 212.62 257.32 |
2242 | Event 20000 202.69 242.91 |
2220 | Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30 |
2243 | Glib 20000 557.01 1689.52 |
2221 | POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event |
2244 | POE 20000 341.54 12086.32 uses POE::Loop::Event |
2222 | |
2245 | |
2223 | =head3 Discussion |
2246 | =head3 Discussion |
2224 | |
2247 | |
2225 | This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the |
2248 | This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the |
2226 | particular event loop. |
2249 | particular event loop. |
… | |
… | |
2352 | As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the |
2375 | As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the |
2353 | hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl |
2376 | hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl |
2354 | backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE. |
2377 | backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE. |
2355 | |
2378 | |
2356 | And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and |
2379 | And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and |
2357 | slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda by a |
2380 | slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda |
2358 | large margin, even though it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O |
2381 | higher level ("unoptimised") abstractions by a large margin, even though |
2359 | in a non-blocking way. |
2382 | it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O in a non-blocking way. |
2360 | |
2383 | |
2361 | The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and |
2384 | The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and |
2362 | F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are |
2385 | F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are |
2363 | part of the IO::lambda distribution and were used without any changes. |
2386 | part of the IO::Lambda distribution and were used without any changes. |
2364 | |
2387 | |
2365 | |
2388 | |
2366 | =head1 SIGNALS |
2389 | =head1 SIGNALS |
2367 | |
2390 | |
2368 | AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals: |
2391 | AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals: |
… | |
… | |
2457 | lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is |
2480 | lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is |
2458 | purely used for performance. |
2481 | purely used for performance. |
2459 | |
2482 | |
2460 | =item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS> |
2483 | =item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS> |
2461 | |
2484 | |
2462 | This module is required when you want to read or write JSON data via |
2485 | One of these modules is required when you want to read or write JSON data |
2463 | L<AnyEvent::Handle>. It is also written in pure-perl, but can take |
2486 | via L<AnyEvent::Handle>. It is also written in pure-perl, but can take |
2464 | advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed. |
2487 | advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed. |
2465 | |
2488 | |
2466 | In fact, L<AnyEvent::Handle> will use L<JSON::XS> by default if it is |
2489 | In fact, L<AnyEvent::Handle> will use L<JSON::XS> by default if it is |
2467 | installed. |
2490 | installed. |
2468 | |
2491 | |