[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.277 by root, Sun Aug 9 13:27:23 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.322 by root, Sat May 8 07:51:39 2010 UTC

…		…
7		7
8	=head1 SYNOPSIS	8	=head1 SYNOPSIS
9		9
10	use AnyEvent;	10	use AnyEvent;
11		11
		12	# if you prefer function calls, look at the AE manpage for
		13	# an alternative API.
		14
12	# file descriptor readable	15	# file handle or descriptor readable
13	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... });	16	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... });
14		17
15	# one-shot or repeating timers	18	# one-shot or repeating timers
16	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... });	19	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... });
17	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...	20	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...
…		…
363	might affect timers and time-outs.	366	might affect timers and time-outs.
364		367
365	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the	368	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the
366	event loop's idea of "current time".	369	event loop's idea of "current time".
367		370
		371	A typical example would be a script in a web server (e.g. C<mod_perl>) -
		372	when mod_perl executes the script, then the event loop will have the wrong
		373	idea about the "current time" (being potentially far in the past, when the
		374	script ran the last time). In that case you should arrange a call to C<<
		375	AnyEvent->now_update >> each time the web server process wakes up again
		376	(e.g. at the start of your script, or in a handler).
		377
368	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.	378	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.
369		379
370	=back	380	=back
371		381
372	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS	382	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS
…		…
395	correctly.	405	correctly.
396		406
397	Example: exit on SIGINT	407	Example: exit on SIGINT
398		408
399	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });	409	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });
		410
		411	=head3 Restart Behaviour
		412
		413	While restart behaviour is up to the event loop implementation, most will
		414	not restart syscalls (that includes L<Async::Interrupt> and AnyEvent's
		415	pure perl implementation).
		416
		417	=head3 Safe/Unsafe Signals
		418
		419	Perl signals can be either "safe" (synchronous to opcode handling) or
		420	"unsafe" (asynchronous) - the former might get delayed indefinitely, the
		421	latter might corrupt your memory.
		422
		423	AnyEvent signal handlers are, in addition, synchronous to the event loop,
		424	i.e. they will not interrupt your running perl program but will only be
		425	called as part of the normal event handling (just like timer, I/O etc.
		426	callbacks, too).
400		427
401	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds	428	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds
402		429
403	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching	430	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching
404	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot	431	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot
…		…
479		506
480	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS	507	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS
481		508
482	$w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>);	509	$w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>);
483		510
484	Sometimes there is a need to do something, but it is not so important	511	Repeatedly invoke the callback after the process becomes idle, until
485	to do it instantly, but only when there is nothing better to do. This	512	either the watcher is destroyed or new events have been detected.
486	"nothing better to do" is usually defined to be "no other events need
487	attention by the event loop".
488		513
489	Idle watchers ideally get invoked when the event loop has nothing	514	Idle watchers are useful when there is a need to do something, but it
490	better to do, just before it would block the process to wait for new	515	is not so important (or wise) to do it instantly. The callback will be
491	events. Instead of blocking, the idle watcher is invoked.	516	invoked only when there is "nothing better to do", which is usually
		517	defined as "all outstanding events have been handled and no new events
		518	have been detected". That means that idle watchers ideally get invoked
		519	when the event loop has just polled for new events but none have been
		520	detected. Instead of blocking to wait for more events, the idle watchers
		521	will be invoked.
492		522
493	Most event loops unfortunately do not really support idle watchers (only	523	Unfortunately, most event loops do not really support idle watchers (only
494	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent	524	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent
495	will simply call the callback "from time to time".	525	will simply call the callback "from time to time".
496		526
497	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the	527	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the
498	program is otherwise idle:	528	program is otherwise idle:
…		…
579	eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits	609	eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits
580	for the send to occur.	610	for the send to occur.
581		611
582	Example: wait for a timer.	612	Example: wait for a timer.
583		613
584	# wait till the result is ready	614	# condition: "wait till the timer is fired"
585	my $result_ready = AnyEvent->condvar;	615	my $timer_fired = AnyEvent->condvar;
586		616
587	# do something such as adding a timer	617	# create the timer - we could wait for, say
588	# or socket watcher the calls $result_ready->send	618	# a handle becomign ready, or even an
589	# when the "result" is ready.	619	# AnyEvent::HTTP request to finish, but
590	# in this case, we simply use a timer:	620	# in this case, we simply use a timer:
591	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (	621	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (
592	after => 1,	622	after => 1,
593	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },	623	cb => sub { $timer_fired->send },
594	);	624	);
595		625
596	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback	626	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback
597	# calls -<send	627	# calls ->send
598	$result_ready->recv;	628	$timer_fired->recv;
599		629
600	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition	630	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition
601	variables are also callable directly.	631	variables are also callable directly.
602		632
603	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;	633	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;
…		…
666	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want	696	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want
667	to use a condition variable for the whole process.	697	to use a condition variable for the whole process.
668		698
669	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to	699	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to
670	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end	700	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end
671	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback	701	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed, passing the
672	is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no	702	condvar as first argument. That callback is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send
673	callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments.	703	>>, but that is not required. If no group callback was set, C<send> will
		704	be called without any arguments.
674		705
675	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call	706	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call
676	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND	707	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND
677	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).	708	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).
678		709
…		…
705	begung can potentially be zero:	736	begung can potentially be zero:
706		737
707	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	738	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
708		739
709	my %result;	740	my %result;
710	$cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) });	741	$cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) });
711		742
712	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {	743	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {
713	$cv->begin;	744	$cv->begin;
714	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {	745	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {
715	$result{$host} = ...;	746	$result{$host} = ...;
…		…
941	You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:	972	You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:
942	if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the	973	if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the
943	array will be ignored.	974	array will be ignored.
944		975
945	Best use C<AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }> when your application allows	976	Best use C<AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }> when your application allows
946	it,as it takes care of these details.	977	it, as it takes care of these details.
947		978
948	This variable is mainly useful for modules that can do something useful	979	This variable is mainly useful for modules that can do something useful
949	when AnyEvent is used and thus want to know when it is initialised, but do	980	when AnyEvent is used and thus want to know when it is initialised, but do
950	not need to even load it by default. This array provides the means to hook	981	not need to even load it by default. This array provides the means to hook
951	into AnyEvent passively, without loading it.	982	into AnyEvent passively, without loading it.
		983
		984	Example: To load Coro::AnyEvent whenever Coro and AnyEvent are used
		985	together, you could put this into Coro (this is the actual code used by
		986	Coro to accomplish this):
		987
		988	if (defined $AnyEvent::MODEL) {
		989	# AnyEvent already initialised, so load Coro::AnyEvent
		990	require Coro::AnyEvent;
		991	} else {
		992	# AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent
		993	# as soon as it is
		994	push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent };
		995	}
952		996
953	=back	997	=back
954		998
955	=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE	999	=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE
956		1000
…		…
1105		1149
1106	package AnyEvent;	1150	package AnyEvent;
1107		1151
1108	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense	1152	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense
1109	sub common_sense {	1153	sub common_sense {
1110	# no warnings	1154	# from common:.sense 1.0
1111	${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS};	1155	${^WARNING_BITS} = "\xfc\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf3\xcf\xc0\xf3\xfc\x33\x00";
1112	# use strict vars subs	1156	# use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl)
1113	$^H \|= 0x00000600;	1157	$^H \|= 0x00000600;
1114	}	1158	}
1115		1159
1116	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }	1160	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1117		1161
1118	use Carp ();	1162	use Carp ();
1119		1163
1120	our $VERSION = 4.92;	1164	our $VERSION = '5.261';
1121	our $MODEL;	1165	our $MODEL;
1122		1166
1123	our $AUTOLOAD;	1167	our $AUTOLOAD;
1124	our @ISA;	1168	our @ISA;
1125		1169
1126	our @REGISTRY;	1170	our @REGISTRY;
1127		1171
1128	our $WIN32;
1129
1130	our $VERBOSE;	1172	our $VERBOSE;
1131		1173
1132	BEGIN {	1174	BEGIN {
1133	eval "sub WIN32(){ " . (($^O =~ /mswin32/i)*1) ." }";	1175	require "AnyEvent/constants.pl";
		1176
1134	eval "sub TAINT(){ " . (${^TAINT}*1) . " }";	1177	eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}";
1135		1178
1136	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}	1179	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}
1137	if ${^TAINT};	1180	if ${^TAINT};
1138		1181
1139	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;	1182	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;
…		…
1182	our @post_detect;	1225	our @post_detect;
1183		1226
1184	sub post_detect(&) {	1227	sub post_detect(&) {
1185	my ($cb) = @_;	1228	my ($cb) = @_;
1186		1229
1187	if ($MODEL) {
1188	$cb->();
1189
1190	undef
1191	} else {
1192	push @post_detect, $cb;	1230	push @post_detect, $cb;
1193		1231
1194	defined wantarray	1232	defined wantarray
1195	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"	1233	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
1196	: ()	1234	: ()
1197	}
1198	}	1235	}
1199		1236
1200	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {	1237	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {
1201	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;	1238	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;
1202	}	1239	}
1203		1240
1204	sub detect() {	1241	sub detect() {
		1242	# free some memory
		1243	*detect = sub () { $MODEL };
		1244
		1245	local $!; # for good measure
		1246	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		1247
		1248	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {
		1249	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
		1250	if (eval "require $model") {
		1251	$MODEL = $model;
		1252	warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
		1253	} else {
		1254	warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE;
		1255	}
		1256	}
		1257
		1258	# check for already loaded models
1205	unless ($MODEL) {	1259	unless ($MODEL) {
1206	local $SIG{__DIE__};	1260	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1207		1261	my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1208	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {	1262	if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {
1209	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
1210	if (eval "require $model") {	1263	if (eval "require $model") {
1211	$MODEL = $model;	1264	$MODEL = $model;
1212	warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;	1265	warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1213	} else {	1266	last;
1214	warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE;	1267	}
1215	}	1268	}
1216	}	1269	}
1217		1270
1218	# check for already loaded models
1219	unless ($MODEL) {	1271	unless ($MODEL) {
		1272	# try to autoload a model
1220	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {	1273	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1221	my ($package, $model) = @$_;	1274	my ($package, $model, $autoload) = @$_;
		1275	if (
		1276	$autoload
		1277	and eval "require $package"
1222	if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {	1278	and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1223	if (eval "require $model") {	1279	and eval "require $model"
		1280	) {
1224	$MODEL = $model;	1281	$MODEL = $model;
1225	warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;	1282	warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1226	last;	1283	last;
1227	}
1228	}	1284	}
1229	}	1285	}
1230		1286
1231	unless ($MODEL) {
1232	# try to autoload a model
1233	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1234	my ($package, $model, $autoload) = @$_;
1235	if (
1236	$autoload
1237	and eval "require $package"
1238	and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1239	and eval "require $model"
1240	) {
1241	$MODEL = $model;
1242	warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1243	last;
1244	}
1245	}
1246
1247	$MODEL	1287	$MODEL
1248	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";	1288	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";
1249	}
1250	}	1289	}
1251
1252	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
1253
1254	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
1255
1256	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
1257
1258	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
1259	}	1290	}
		1291
		1292	@models = (); # free probe data
		1293
		1294	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
		1295	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
		1296
		1297	# now nuke some methods that are overriden by the backend.
		1298	# SUPER is not allowed.
		1299	for (qw(time signal child idle)) {
		1300	undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"}
		1301	if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"};
		1302	}
		1303
		1304	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
		1305
		1306	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
		1307
		1308	*post_detect = sub(&) {
		1309	shift->();
		1310
		1311	undef
		1312	};
1260		1313
1261	$MODEL	1314	$MODEL
1262	}	1315	}
1263		1316
1264	sub AUTOLOAD {	1317	sub AUTOLOAD {
1265	(my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://;	1318	(my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://;
1266		1319
1267	$method{$func}	1320	$method{$func}
1268	or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid method for AnyEvent objects";	1321	or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid AnyEvent class method";
1269		1322
1270	detect unless $MODEL;	1323	detect;
1271		1324
1272	my $class = shift;	1325	my $class = shift;
1273	$class->$func (@_);	1326	$class->$func (@_);
1274	}	1327	}
1275		1328
…		…
1288	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases	1341	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases
1289		1342
1290	($fh2, $rw)	1343	($fh2, $rw)
1291	}	1344	}
1292		1345
1293	#############################################################################	1346	=head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API
1294	# "new" API, currently only emulation of it	1347
1295	#############################################################################	1348	Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much
		1349	simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory
		1350	overhead by using function call syntax and a fixed number of parameters.
		1351
		1352	See the L<AE> manpage for details.
		1353
		1354	=cut
1296		1355
1297	package AE;	1356	package AE;
1298		1357
1299	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;	1358	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		1359
		1360	# fall back to the main API by default - backends and AnyEvent::Base
		1361	# implementations can overwrite these.
1300		1362
1301	sub io($$$) {	1363	sub io($$$) {
1302	AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])	1364	AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])
1303	}	1365	}
1304		1366
…		…
1336		1398
1337	package AnyEvent::Base;	1399	package AnyEvent::Base;
1338		1400
1339	# default implementations for many methods	1401	# default implementations for many methods
1340		1402
1341	sub _time {	1403	sub time {
		1404	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1342	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes	1405	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes
1343	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {	1406	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
1344	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;	1407	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1345	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;	1408	*AE::time = \&Time::HiRes::time;
1346	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...	1409	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
1347	} else {	1410	} else {
1348	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;	1411	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;
1349	*_time = sub { time }; # epic fail	1412	*AE::time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail
		1413	}
		1414
		1415	*time = sub { AE::time }; # different prototypes
1350	}	1416	};
		1417	die if $@;
1351		1418
1352	&_time	1419	&time
1353	}	1420	}
1354		1421
1355	sub time { _time }	1422	*now = \&time;
1356	sub now { _time }	1423
1357	sub now_update { }	1424	sub now_update { }
1358		1425
1359	# default implementation for ->condvar	1426	# default implementation for ->condvar
1360		1427
1361	sub condvar {	1428	sub condvar {
		1429	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1430	*condvar = sub {
1362	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"	1431	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
		1432	};
		1433
		1434	*AE::cv = sub (;&) {
		1435	bless { @_ ? (_ae_cb => shift) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
		1436	};
		1437	};
		1438	die if $@;
		1439
		1440	&condvar
1363	}	1441	}
1364		1442
1365	# default implementation for ->signal	1443	# default implementation for ->signal
1366		1444
1367	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;	1445	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
1368		1446
1369	sub _have_async_interrupt() {	1447	sub _have_async_interrupt() {
1370	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT}	1448	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT}
1371	&& eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.0 (); 1")	1449	&& eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.02 (); 1")
1372	unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;	1450	unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
1373		1451
1374	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT	1452	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1375	}	1453	}
1376		1454
1377	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);	1455	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);
1378	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);	1456	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);
1379	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);	1457	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);
1380		1458
1381	sub _signal_exec {
1382	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1383	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain
1384	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 9;
1385
1386	while (%SIG_EV) {
1387	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
1388	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
1389	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
1390	}
1391	}
1392	}
1393
1394	# install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency	1459	# install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency
		1460	# used by Impls
1395	sub _sig_add() {	1461	sub _sig_add() {
1396	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {	1462	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {
1397	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible	1463	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible
1398	my $NOW = AE::now;	1464	my $NOW = AE::now;
1399		1465
…		…
1409	undef $SIG_TW	1475	undef $SIG_TW
1410	unless --$SIG_COUNT;	1476	unless --$SIG_COUNT;
1411	}	1477	}
1412		1478
1413	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {	1479	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {
1414	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading	1480	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1415	undef $_sig_name_init;	1481	undef $_sig_name_init;
1416		1482
1417	if (_have_async_interrupt) {	1483	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
1418	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;	1484	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;
1419	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;	1485	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;
…		…
1451	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec;	1517	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec;
1452		1518
1453	} else {	1519	} else {
1454	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;	1520	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1455		1521
1456	require Fcntl;
1457
1458	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {	1522	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1459	require AnyEvent::Util;	1523	require AnyEvent::Util;
1460		1524
1461	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();	1525	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1462	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R, 1) if $SIGPIPE_R;	1526	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R, 1) if $SIGPIPE_R;
1463	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W, 1) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case	1527	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W, 1) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1464	} else {	1528	} else {
1465	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;	1529	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
1466	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;	1530	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, AnyEvent::F_SETFL, AnyEvent::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
1467	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case	1531	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, AnyEvent::F_SETFL, AnyEvent::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1468		1532
1469	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...	1533	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
1470	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;	1534	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, AnyEvent::F_SETFD, AnyEvent::FD_CLOEXEC;
1471	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;	1535	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, AnyEvent::F_SETFD, AnyEvent::FD_CLOEXEC;
1472	}	1536	}
1473		1537
1474	$SIGPIPE_R	1538	$SIGPIPE_R
1475	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";	1539	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
1476		1540
1477	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec;	1541	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec;
1478	}	1542	}
1479		1543
1480	*signal = sub {	1544	*signal = $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1545	? sub {
1481	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1546	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1482		1547
1483	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
1484	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
1485
1486	if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {
1487	# async::interrupt	1548	# async::interrupt
1488
1489	$signal = sig2num $signal;	1549	my $signal = sig2num $arg{signal};
1490	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1550	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1491		1551
1492	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt	1552	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt
1493	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },	1553	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },
1494	signal => $signal,	1554	signal => $signal,
1495	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],	1555	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],
1496	pipe_autodrain => 0,	1556	pipe_autodrain => 0,
1497	;	1557	;
1498		1558
1499	} else {	1559	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1560	}
		1561	: sub {
		1562	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
		1563
1500	# pure perl	1564	# pure perl
1501
1502	# AE::Util has been loaded in signal
1503	$signal = sig2name $signal;	1565	my $signal = sig2name $arg{signal};
1504	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1566	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1505		1567
1506	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {	1568	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
1507	local $!;	1569	local $!;
1508	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;	1570	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
1509	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};	1571	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
1510	};	1572	};
1511		1573
1512	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,	1574	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
1513	# so limit the signal latency.	1575	# so limit the signal latency.
1514	_sig_add;	1576	_sig_add;
1515	}
1516		1577
1517	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"	1578	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1579	}
1518	};	1580	;
1519		1581
1520	*AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {	1582	*AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {
1521	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1583	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1522		1584
1523	_sig_del;	1585	_sig_del;
…		…
1530	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit	1592	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
1531	# instead of getting the default action.	1593	# instead of getting the default action.
1532	undef $SIG{$signal}	1594	undef $SIG{$signal}
1533	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };	1595	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
1534	};	1596	};
		1597
		1598	*_signal_exec = sub {
		1599	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1600	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain
		1601	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9;
		1602
		1603	while (%SIG_EV) {
		1604	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
		1605	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
		1606	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
		1607	}
		1608	}
		1609	};
1535	};	1610	};
1536	die if $@;	1611	die if $@;
		1612
1537	&signal	1613	&signal
1538	}	1614	}
1539		1615
1540	# default implementation for ->child	1616	# default implementation for ->child
1541		1617
1542	our %PID_CB;	1618	our %PID_CB;
1543	our $CHLD_W;	1619	our $CHLD_W;
1544	our $CHLD_DELAY_W;	1620	our $CHLD_DELAY_W;
1545	our $WNOHANG;	1621	our $WNOHANG;
1546		1622
		1623	# used by many Impl's
1547	sub _emit_childstatus($$) {	1624	sub _emit_childstatus($$) {
1548	my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_;	1625	my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_;
1549		1626
1550	$_->($rpid, $rstatus)	1627	$_->($rpid, $rstatus)
1551	for values %{ $PID_CB{$rpid} \|\| {} },	1628	for values %{ $PID_CB{$rpid} \|\| {} },
1552	values %{ $PID_CB{0} \|\| {} };	1629	values %{ $PID_CB{0} \|\| {} };
1553	}	1630	}
1554		1631
1555	sub _sigchld {
1556	my $pid;
1557
1558	AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?)
1559	while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0;
1560	}
1561
1562	sub child {	1632	sub child {
		1633	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1634	*_sigchld = sub {
		1635	my $pid;
		1636
		1637	AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?)
		1638	while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0;
		1639	};
		1640
		1641	*child = sub {
1563	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1642	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1564		1643
1565	defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)	1644	defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)
1566	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";	1645	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";
1567		1646
1568	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1647	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1569		1648
1570	# WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere	1649	# WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere
1571	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/	1650	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/
1572	? 1	1651	? 1
1573	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;	1652	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;
1574		1653
1575	unless ($CHLD_W) {	1654	unless ($CHLD_W) {
1576	$CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld;	1655	$CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld;
1577	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round	1656	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round
1578	&_sigchld;	1657	&_sigchld;
1579	}	1658	}
1580		1659
1581	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"	1660	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"
1582	}	1661	};
1583		1662
1584	sub AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY {	1663	*AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY = sub {
1585	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1664	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1586		1665
1587	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};	1666	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};
1588	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };	1667	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };
1589		1668
1590	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;	1669	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;
		1670	};
		1671	};
		1672	die if $@;
		1673
		1674	&child
1591	}	1675	}
1592		1676
1593	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless	1677	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless
1594	# of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting	1678	# of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting
1595	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.	1679	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.
1596	sub idle {	1680	sub idle {
		1681	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1682	*idle = sub {
1597	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1683	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1598		1684
1599	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};	1685	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};
1600		1686
1601	$rcb = sub {	1687	$rcb = sub {
1602	if ($cb) {	1688	if ($cb) {
1603	$w = _time;	1689	$w = _time;
1604	&$cb;	1690	&$cb;
1605	$w = _time - $w;	1691	$w = _time - $w;
1606		1692
1607	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,	1693	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,
1608	# within some limits	1694	# within some limits
1609	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;	1695	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;
1610	$w = 5 if $w > 5;	1696	$w = 5 if $w > 5;
1611		1697
1612	$w = AE::timer $w, 0, $rcb;	1698	$w = AE::timer $w, 0, $rcb;
1613	} else {	1699	} else {
1614	# clean up...	1700	# clean up...
1615	undef $w;	1701	undef $w;
1616	undef $rcb;	1702	undef $rcb;
		1703	}
		1704	};
		1705
		1706	$w = AE::timer 0.05, 0, $rcb;
		1707
		1708	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1617	}	1709	};
		1710
		1711	*AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY = sub {
		1712	undef $${$_[0]};
		1713	};
1618	};	1714	};
		1715	die if $@;
1619		1716
1620	$w = AE::timer 0.05, 0, $rcb;	1717	&idle
1621
1622	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1623	}
1624
1625	sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY {
1626	undef $${$_[0]};
1627	}	1718	}
1628		1719
1629	package AnyEvent::CondVar;	1720	package AnyEvent::CondVar;
1630		1721
1631	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;	1722	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;
…		…
1905	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read	1996	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read
1906	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i	1997	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i
1907	},	1998	},
1908	);	1999	);
1909		2000
1910	my $time_watcher; # can only be used once
1911
1912	sub new_timer {
1913	$timer = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, cb => sub {	2001	my $time_watcher = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, interval => 1, cb => sub {
1914	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' about every second	2002	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' at most every second
1915	&new_timer; # and restart the time
1916	});	2003	});
1917	}
1918
1919	new_timer; # create first timer
1920		2004
1921	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i	2005	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i
1922		2006
1923	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE	2007	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE
1924		2008
…		…
1997		2081
1998	The actual code goes further and collects all errors (C<die>s, exceptions)	2082	The actual code goes further and collects all errors (C<die>s, exceptions)
1999	that occurred during request processing. The C<result> method detects	2083	that occurred during request processing. The C<result> method detects
2000	whether an exception as thrown (it is stored inside the $txn object)	2084	whether an exception as thrown (it is stored inside the $txn object)
2001	and just throws the exception, which means connection errors and other	2085	and just throws the exception, which means connection errors and other
2002	problems get reported tot he code that tries to use the result, not in a	2086	problems get reported to the code that tries to use the result, not in a
2003	random callback.	2087	random callback.
2004		2088
2005	All of this enables the following usage styles:	2089	All of this enables the following usage styles:
2006		2090
2007	1. Blocking:	2091	1. Blocking:
…		…
2055	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero	2139	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero
2056	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,	2140	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,
2057	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.	2141	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.
2058		2142
2059	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent	2143	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent
2060	distribution.	2144	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2145	for the EV and Perl backends only.
2061		2146
2062	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2147	=head3 Explanation of the columns
2063		2148
2064	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since	2149	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since
2065	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event	2150	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event
…		…
2086	watcher.	2171	watcher.
2087		2172
2088	=head3 Results	2173	=head3 Results
2089		2174
2090	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment	2175	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment
2091	EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface	2176	EV/EV 100000 223 0.47 0.43 0.27 EV native interface
2092	EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers	2177	EV/Any 100000 223 0.48 0.42 0.26 EV + AnyEvent watchers
2093	CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal	2178	Coro::EV/Any 100000 223 0.47 0.42 0.26 coroutines + Coro::Signal
2094	Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation	2179	Perl/Any 100000 431 2.70 0.74 0.92 pure perl implementation
2095	Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface	2180	Event/Event 16000 516 31.16 31.84 0.82 Event native interface
2096	Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers	2181	Event/Any 16000 1203 42.61 34.79 1.80 Event + AnyEvent watchers
2097	IOAsync/Any 16000 989 38.10 32.77 11.13 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll	2182	IOAsync/Any 16000 1911 41.92 27.45 16.81 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll
2098	IOAsync/Any 16000 990 37.59 29.50 10.61 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll	2183	IOAsync/Any 16000 1726 40.69 26.37 15.25 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll
2099	Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour	2184	Glib/Any 16000 1118 89.00 12.57 51.17 quadratic behaviour
2100	Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers	2185	Tk/Any 2000 1346 20.96 10.75 8.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers
2101	POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event	2186	POE/Any 2000 6951 108.97 795.32 14.24 via POE::Loop::Event
2102	POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select	2187	POE/Any 2000 6648 94.79 774.40 575.51 via POE::Loop::Select
2103		2188
2104	=head3 Discussion	2189	=head3 Discussion
2105		2190
2106	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very	2191	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very
2107	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)	2192	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)
…		…
2119	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with	2204	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with
2120	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU	2205	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU
2121	cycles with POE.	2206	cycles with POE.
2122		2207
2123	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both	2208	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both
2124	maximal/minimal, respectively. Even when going through AnyEvent, it uses	2209	maximal/minimal, respectively. When using the L<AE> API there is zero
		2210	overhead (when going through the AnyEvent API create is about 5-6 times
		2211	slower, with other times being equal, so still uses far less memory than
2125	far less memory than any other event loop and is still faster than Event	2212	any other event loop and is still faster than Event natively).
2126	natively.
2127		2213
2128	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the	2214	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the
2129	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl	2215	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl
2130	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it	2216	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it
2131	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its	2217	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its
…		…
2205	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100	2291	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100
2206	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many	2292	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many
2207	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.	2293	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.
2208		2294
2209	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent	2295	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent
2210	distribution.	2296	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2297	for the EV and Perl backends only.
2211		2298
2212	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2299	=head3 Explanation of the columns
2213		2300
2214	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as	2301	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as
2215	each server has a read and write socket end).	2302	each server has a read and write socket end).
…		…
2223	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.	2310	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.
2224		2311
2225	=head3 Results	2312	=head3 Results
2226		2313
2227	name sockets create request	2314	name sockets create request
2228	EV 20000 69.01 11.16	2315	EV 20000 62.66 7.99
2229	Perl 20000 73.32 35.87	2316	Perl 20000 68.32 32.64
2230	IOAsync 20000 157.00 98.14 epoll	2317	IOAsync 20000 174.06 101.15 epoll
2231	IOAsync 20000 159.31 616.06 poll	2318	IOAsync 20000 174.67 610.84 poll
2232	Event 20000 212.62 257.32	2319	Event 20000 202.69 242.91
2233	Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30	2320	Glib 20000 557.01 1689.52
2234	POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event	2321	POE 20000 341.54 12086.32 uses POE::Loop::Event
2235		2322
2236	=head3 Discussion	2323	=head3 Discussion
2237		2324
2238	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the	2325	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the
2239	particular event loop.	2326	particular event loop.
…		…
2365	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the	2452	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the
2366	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl	2453	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl
2367	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.	2454	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.
2368		2455
2369	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and	2456	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and
2370	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda by a	2457	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda
2371	large margin, even though it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O	2458	higher level ("unoptimised") abstractions by a large margin, even though
2372	in a non-blocking way.	2459	it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O in a non-blocking way.
2373		2460
2374	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and	2461	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and
2375	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are	2462	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are
2376	part of the IO::lambda distribution and were used without any changes.	2463	part of the IO::Lambda distribution and were used without any changes.
2377		2464
2378		2465
2379	=head1 SIGNALS	2466	=head1 SIGNALS
2380		2467
2381	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:	2468	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:
…		…
2423	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.	2510	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.
2424		2511
2425	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional	2512	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional
2426	modules if they are installed.	2513	modules if they are installed.
2427		2514
2428	This section epxlains which additional modules will be used, and how they	2515	This section explains which additional modules will be used, and how they
2429	affect AnyEvent's operetion.	2516	affect AnyEvent's operation.
2430		2517
2431	=over 4	2518	=over 4
2432		2519
2433	=item L<Async::Interrupt>	2520	=item L<Async::Interrupt>
2434		2521
…		…
2439	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for	2526	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for
2440	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).	2527	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).
2441		2528
2442	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal	2529	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal
2443	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop	2530	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop
2444	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (And good for	2531	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (and good for
2445	battery life on laptops).	2532	battery life on laptops).
2446		2533
2447	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops	2534	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops
2448	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).	2535	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).
2449		2536
…		…
2461	automatic timer adjustments even when no monotonic clock is available,	2548	automatic timer adjustments even when no monotonic clock is available,
2462	can take avdantage of advanced kernel interfaces such as C<epoll> and	2549	can take avdantage of advanced kernel interfaces such as C<epoll> and
2463	C<kqueue>, and is the fastest backend I<by far>. You can even embed	2550	C<kqueue>, and is the fastest backend I<by far>. You can even embed
2464	L<Glib>/L<Gtk2> in it (or vice versa, see L<EV::Glib> and L<Glib::EV>).	2551	L<Glib>/L<Gtk2> in it (or vice versa, see L<EV::Glib> and L<Glib::EV>).
2465		2552
		2553	If you only use backends that rely on another event loop (e.g. C<Tk>),
		2554	then this module will do nothing for you.
		2555
2466	=item L<Guard>	2556	=item L<Guard>
2467		2557
2468	The guard module, when used, will be used to implement	2558	The guard module, when used, will be used to implement
2469	C<AnyEvent::Util::guard>. This speeds up guards considerably (and uses a	2559	C<AnyEvent::Util::guard>. This speeds up guards considerably (and uses a
2470	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is	2560	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is
2471	purely used for performance.	2561	purely used for performance.
2472		2562
2473	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>	2563	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>
2474		2564
2475	This module is required when you want to read or write JSON data via	2565	One of these modules is required when you want to read or write JSON data
2476	L<AnyEvent::Handle>. It is also written in pure-perl, but can take	2566	via L<AnyEvent::Handle>. L<JSON> is also written in pure-perl, but can take
2477	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.	2567	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.
2478
2479	In fact, L<AnyEvent::Handle> will use L<JSON::XS> by default if it is
2480	installed.
2481		2568
2482	=item L<Net::SSLeay>	2569	=item L<Net::SSLeay>
2483		2570
2484	Implementing TLS/SSL in Perl is certainly interesting, but not very	2571	Implementing TLS/SSL in Perl is certainly interesting, but not very
2485	worthwhile: If this module is installed, then L<AnyEvent::Handle> (with	2572	worthwhile: If this module is installed, then L<AnyEvent::Handle> (with
…		…
2496		2583
2497		2584
2498	=head1 FORK	2585	=head1 FORK
2499		2586
2500	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are	2587	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are
2501	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll>	2588	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll> calls
2502	calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware.	2589	- higher performance APIs such as BSD's kqueue or the dreaded Linux epoll
		2590	are usually badly thought-out hacks that are incompatible with fork in
		2591	one way or another. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware and ensures that you
		2592	continue event-processing in both parent and child (or both, if you know
		2593	what you are doing).
		2594
		2595	This means that, in general, you cannot fork and do event processing in
		2596	the child if the event library was initialised before the fork (which
		2597	usually happens when the first AnyEvent watcher is created, or the library
		2598	is loaded).
2503		2599
2504	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first	2600	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first
2505	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do	2601	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do
2506	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.	2602	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.
		2603
		2604	The problem of doing event processing in the parent I<and> the child
		2605	is much more complicated: even for backends that I<are> fork-aware or
		2606	fork-safe, their behaviour is not usually what you want: fork clones all
		2607	watchers, that means all timers, I/O watchers etc. are active in both
		2608	parent and child, which is almost never what you want. USing C<exec>
		2609	to start worker children from some kind of manage rprocess is usually
		2610	preferred, because it is much easier and cleaner, at the expense of having
		2611	to have another binary.
2507		2612
2508		2613
2509	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS	2614	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
2510		2615
2511	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via	2616	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via

Diff Legend

-–
+Removed lines
-+
+Added lines
-<
+Changed lines
->
+Changed lines

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents): Revision 1.277 by root, Sun Aug 9 13:27:23 2009 UTC vs. Revision 1.322 by root, Sat May 8 07:51:39 2010 UTC

Diff Legend

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.277 by root, Sun Aug 9 13:27:23 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.322 by root, Sat May 8 07:51:39 2010 UTC