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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.352 by root, Thu Aug 4 09:14:01 2011 UTC vs.
Revision 1.377 by root, Thu Aug 25 23:20:17 2011 UTC

1=head1 NAME 1=head1 NAME
2 2
3AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming 3AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming
4 4
5EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt 5EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt,
6and POE are various supported event loops/environments. 6FLTK and POE are various supported event loops/environments.
7 7
8=head1 SYNOPSIS 8=head1 SYNOPSIS
9 9
10 use AnyEvent; 10 use AnyEvent;
11 11
878 AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. 878 AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.
879 AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. 879 AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.
880 AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi. 880 AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.
881 AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync based on IO::Async. 881 AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync based on IO::Async.
882 AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa based on Cocoa::EventLoop. 882 AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa based on Cocoa::EventLoop.
883 AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK based on FLTK. 883 AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK2 based on FLTK (fltk 2 binding).
884 884
885=item Backends with special needs. 885=item Backends with special needs.
886 886
887Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will 887Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will
888otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program 888otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program
933 933
934Returns C<$AnyEvent::MODEL>, forcing autodetection of the event model 934Returns C<$AnyEvent::MODEL>, forcing autodetection of the event model
935if necessary. You should only call this function right before you would 935if necessary. You should only call this function right before you would
936have created an AnyEvent watcher anyway, that is, as late as possible at 936have created an AnyEvent watcher anyway, that is, as late as possible at
937runtime, and not e.g. during initialisation of your module. 937runtime, and not e.g. during initialisation of your module.
938
939The effect of calling this function is as if a watcher had been created
940(specifically, actions that happen "when the first watcher is created"
941happen when calling detetc as well).
938 942
939If you need to do some initialisation before AnyEvent watchers are 943If you need to do some initialisation before AnyEvent watchers are
940created, use C<post_detect>. 944created, use C<post_detect>.
941 945
942=item $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK } 946=item $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }
1005 # AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent 1009 # AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent
1006 # as soon as it is 1010 # as soon as it is
1007 push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent }; 1011 push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent };
1008 } 1012 }
1009 1013
1014=item AnyEvent::postpone { BLOCK }
1015
1016Arranges for the block to be executed as soon as possible, but not before
1017the call itself returns. In practise, the block will be executed just
1018before the event loop polls for new events, or shortly afterwards.
1019
1020This function never returns anything (to make the C<return postpone { ...
1021}> idiom more useful.
1022
1023To understand the usefulness of this function, consider a function that
1024asynchronously does something for you and returns some transaction
1025object or guard to let you cancel the operation. For example,
1026C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>:
1027
1028 # start a conenction attempt unless one is active
1029 $self->{connect_guard} ||= AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect "www.example.net", 80, sub {
1030 delete $self->{connect_guard};
1031 ...
1032 };
1033
1034Imagine that this function could instantly call the callback, for
1035example, because it detects an obvious error such as a negative port
1036number. Invoking the callback before the function returns causes problems
1037however: the callback will be called and will try to delete the guard
1038object. But since the function hasn't returned yet, there is nothing to
1039delete. When the function eventually returns it will assign the guard
1040object to C<< $self->{connect_guard} >>, where it will likely never be
1041deleted, so the program thinks it is still trying to connect.
1042
1043This is where C<AnyEvent::postpone> should be used. Instead of calling the
1044callback directly on error:
1045
1046 $cb->(undef), return # signal error to callback, BAD!
1047 if $some_error_condition;
1048
1049It should use C<postpone>:
1050
1051 AnyEvent::postpone { $cb->(undef) }, return # signal error to callback, later
1052 if $some_error_condition;
1053
1054=item AnyEvent::log $level, $msg[, @args]
1055
1056Log the given C<$msg> at the given C<$level>.
1057
1058If L<AnyEvent::Log> is not loaded then this function makes a simple test
1059to see whether the message will be logged. If the test succeeds it will
1060load AnyEvent::Log and call C<AnyEvent::Log::log> - consequently, look at
1061the L<AnyEvent::Log> documentation for details.
1062
1063If the test fails it will simply return.
1064
1065If you want to sprinkle loads of logging calls around your code, consider
1066creating a logger callback with the C<AnyEvent::Log::logger> function,
1067which can reduce typing, codesize and can reduce the logging overhead
1068enourmously.
1069
1010=back 1070=back
1011 1071
1012=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE 1072=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE
1013 1073
1014As a module author, you should C<use AnyEvent> and call AnyEvent methods 1074As a module author, you should C<use AnyEvent> and call AnyEvent methods
1070 1130
1071 1131
1072=head1 OTHER MODULES 1132=head1 OTHER MODULES
1073 1133
1074The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use 1134The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use
1075AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent 1135AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other
1076modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the modules 1136AnyEvent modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the
1077come as part of AnyEvent, the others are available via CPAN. 1137modules come as part of AnyEvent, the others are available via CPAN (see
1138L<http://search.cpan.org/search?m=module&q=anyevent%3A%3A*> for
1139a longer non-exhaustive list), and the list is heavily biased towards
1140modules of the AnyEvent author himself :)
1078 1141
1079=over 4 1142=over 4
1080 1143
1081=item L<AnyEvent::Util> 1144=item L<AnyEvent::Util>
1082 1145
1102=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>, L<AnyEvent::IRC>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>, L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::IGS>, L<AnyEvent::FCP> 1165=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>, L<AnyEvent::IRC>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>, L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::IGS>, L<AnyEvent::FCP>
1103 1166
1104Implement event-based interfaces to the protocols of the same name (for 1167Implement event-based interfaces to the protocols of the same name (for
1105the curious, IGS is the International Go Server and FCP is the Freenet 1168the curious, IGS is the International Go Server and FCP is the Freenet
1106Client Protocol). 1169Client Protocol).
1107
1108=item L<AnyEvent::Handle::UDP>
1109
1110Here be danger!
1111
1112As Pauli would put it, "Not only is it not right, it's not even wrong!" -
1113there are so many things wrong with AnyEvent::Handle::UDP, most notably
1114its use of a stream-based API with a protocol that isn't streamable, that
1115the only way to improve it is to delete it.
1116
1117It features data corruption (but typically only under load) and general
1118confusion. On top, the author is not only clueless about UDP but also
1119fact-resistant - some gems of his understanding: "connect doesn't work
1120with UDP", "UDP packets are not IP packets", "UDP only has datagrams, not
1121packets", "I don't need to implement proper error checking as UDP doesn't
1122support error checking" and so on - he doesn't even understand what's
1123wrong with his module when it is explained to him.
1124
1125=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
1126
1127Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you,
1128notifying you in an event-based way when the operation is finished.
1129 1170
1130=item L<AnyEvent::AIO> 1171=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
1131 1172
1132Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the 1173Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the
1133toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses 1174toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses
1134L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent together, giving AnyEvent access to event-based 1175L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent together, giving AnyEvent access to event-based
1135file I/O, and much more. 1176file I/O, and much more.
1136 1177
1178=item L<AnyEvent::Filesys::Notify>
1179
1180AnyEvent is good for non-blocking stuff, but it can't detect file or
1181path changes (e.g. "watch this directory for new files", "watch this
1182file for changes"). The L<AnyEvent::Filesys::Notify> module promises to
1183do just that in a portbale fashion, supporting inotify on GNU/Linux and
1184some weird, without doubt broken, stuff on OS X to monitor files. It can
1185fall back to blocking scans at regular intervals transparently on other
1186platforms, so it's about as portable as it gets.
1187
1188(I haven't used it myself, but I haven't heard anybody complaining about
1189it yet).
1190
1191=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
1192
1193Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you,
1194notifying you in an event-based way when the operation is finished.
1195
1137=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD> 1196=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>
1138 1197
1139A simple embedded webserver. 1198A simple embedded webserver.
1140 1199
1141=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing> 1200=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>
1142 1201
1143The fastest ping in the west. 1202The fastest ping in the west.
1144 1203
1145=item L<Coro> 1204=item L<Coro>
1146 1205
1147Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>. 1206Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>, which allows you
1207to simply invert the flow control - don't call us, we will call you:
1208
1209 async {
1210 Coro::AnyEvent::sleep 5; # creates a 5s timer and waits for it
1211 print "5 seconds later!\n";
1212
1213 Coro::AnyEvent::readable *STDIN; # uses an I/O watcher
1214 my $line = <STDIN>; # works for ttys
1215
1216 AnyEvent::HTTP::http_get "url", Coro::rouse_cb;
1217 my ($body, $hdr) = Coro::rouse_wait;
1218 };
1148 1219
1149=back 1220=back
1150 1221
1151=cut 1222=cut
1152 1223
1162 1233
1163BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } 1234BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1164 1235
1165use Carp (); 1236use Carp ();
1166 1237
1167our $VERSION = '5.34'; 1238our $VERSION = '6.01';
1168our $MODEL; 1239our $MODEL;
1169 1240
1170our $AUTOLOAD;
1171our @ISA; 1241our @ISA;
1172 1242
1173our @REGISTRY; 1243our @REGISTRY;
1174 1244
1175our $VERBOSE; 1245our $VERBOSE;
1180 eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}"; 1250 eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}";
1181 1251
1182 delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV} 1252 delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}
1183 if ${^TAINT}; 1253 if ${^TAINT};
1184 1254
1255 $ENV{"PERL_ANYEVENT_$_"} = $ENV{"AE_$_"}
1256 for grep s/^AE_// && !exists $ENV{"PERL_ANYEVENT_$_"}, keys %ENV;
1257
1258 @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV} = ()
1259 if ${^TAINT};
1260
1185 $VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1; 1261 $VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;
1186
1187} 1262}
1188 1263
1189our $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY = 10; 1264our $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY = 10;
1190 1265
1191our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4|ipv6) => (1|2), higher numbers are preferred 1266our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4|ipv6) => (1|2), higher numbers are preferred
1195 $PROTOCOL{$_} = ++$idx 1270 $PROTOCOL{$_} = ++$idx
1196 for reverse split /\s*,\s*/, 1271 for reverse split /\s*,\s*/,
1197 $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; 1272 $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6";
1198} 1273}
1199 1274
1275our @post_detect;
1276
1277sub post_detect(&) {
1278 my ($cb) = @_;
1279
1280 push @post_detect, $cb;
1281
1282 defined wantarray
1283 ? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
1284 : ()
1285}
1286
1287sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {
1288 @post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;
1289}
1290
1291our $POSTPONE_W;
1292our @POSTPONE;
1293
1294sub _postpone_exec {
1295 undef $POSTPONE_W;
1296
1297 &{ shift @POSTPONE }
1298 while @POSTPONE;
1299}
1300
1301sub postpone(&) {
1302 push @POSTPONE, shift;
1303
1304 $POSTPONE_W ||= AE::timer (0, 0, \&_postpone_exec);
1305
1306 ()
1307}
1308
1309sub log($$;@) {
1310 # only load the big bloated module when we actually are about to log something
1311 if ($_[0] <= $VERBOSE) { # also catches non-numeric levels(!)
1312 require AnyEvent::Log;
1313 # AnyEvent::Log overwrites this function
1314 goto &log;
1315 }
1316
1317 0 # not logged
1318}
1319
1320if (length $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG}) {
1321 require AnyEvent::Log; # AnyEvent::Log does the thing for us
1322}
1323
1200my @models = ( 1324our @models = (
1201 [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1], 1325 [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1],
1202 [AnyEvent::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1], 1326 [AnyEvent::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],
1203 # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed 1327 # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed
1204 # as the pure perl backend should work everywhere 1328 # as the pure perl backend should work everywhere
1205 # and is usually faster 1329 # and is usually faster
1210 [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles 1334 [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles
1211 [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program 1335 [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program
1212 [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza 1336 [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza
1213 [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], 1337 [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1214 [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], 1338 [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1215 [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], 1339 [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # a bitch to autodetect
1216 [Cocoa::EventLoop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa::], 1340 [Cocoa::EventLoop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa::],
1217 [FLTK:: => AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK::], 1341 [FLTK:: => AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK2::],
1218); 1342);
1219 1343
1220our %method = map +($_ => 1), 1344our @isa_hook;
1345
1346sub _isa_set {
1347 my @pkg = ("AnyEvent", (map $_->[0], grep defined, @isa_hook), $MODEL);
1348
1349 @{"$pkg[$_-1]::ISA"} = $pkg[$_]
1350 for 1 .. $#pkg;
1351
1352 grep $_ && $_->[1], @isa_hook
1353 and AE::_reset ();
1354}
1355
1356# used for hooking AnyEvent::Strict and AnyEvent::Debug::Wrap into the class hierarchy
1357sub _isa_hook($$;$) {
1358 my ($i, $pkg, $reset_ae) = @_;
1359
1360 $isa_hook[$i] = $pkg ? [$pkg, $reset_ae] : undef;
1361
1362 _isa_set;
1363}
1364
1365# all autoloaded methods reserve the complete glob, not just the method slot.
1366# due to bugs in perls method cache implementation.
1221 qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar DESTROY); 1367our @methods = qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar);
1222
1223our @post_detect;
1224
1225sub post_detect(&) {
1226 my ($cb) = @_;
1227
1228 push @post_detect, $cb;
1229
1230 defined wantarray
1231 ? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
1232 : ()
1233}
1234
1235sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {
1236 @post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;
1237}
1238 1368
1239sub detect() { 1369sub detect() {
1370 return $MODEL if $MODEL; # some programs keep references to detect
1371
1372 local $!; # for good measure
1373 local $SIG{__DIE__}; # we use eval
1374
1240 # free some memory 1375 # free some memory
1241 *detect = sub () { $MODEL }; 1376 *detect = sub () { $MODEL };
1377 # undef &func doesn't correctly update the method cache. grmbl.
1378 # so we delete the whole glob. grmbl.
1379 # otoh, perl doesn't let me undef an active usb, but it lets me free
1380 # a glob with an active sub. hrm. i hope it works, but perl is
1381 # usually buggy in this department. sigh.
1382 delete @{"AnyEvent::"}{@methods};
1383 undef @methods;
1242 1384
1243 local $!; # for good measure
1244 local $SIG{__DIE__};
1245
1246 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) { 1385 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9:]+)$/) {
1247 my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1"; 1386 my $model = $1;
1387 $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$model" unless $model =~ s/::$//;
1248 if (eval "require $model") { 1388 if (eval "require $model") {
1389 AnyEvent::log 7 => "loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.";
1249 $MODEL = $model; 1390 $MODEL = $model;
1250 warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1251 } else { 1391 } else {
1252 warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE; 1392 AnyEvent::log 5 => "unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@";
1253 } 1393 }
1254 } 1394 }
1255 1395
1256 # check for already loaded models 1396 # check for already loaded models
1257 unless ($MODEL) { 1397 unless ($MODEL) {
1258 for (@REGISTRY, @models) { 1398 for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1259 my ($package, $model) = @$_; 1399 my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1260 if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) { 1400 if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {
1261 if (eval "require $model") { 1401 if (eval "require $model") {
1402 AnyEvent::log 7 => "autodetected model '$model', using it.";
1262 $MODEL = $model; 1403 $MODEL = $model;
1263 warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1264 last; 1404 last;
1265 } 1405 }
1266 } 1406 }
1267 } 1407 }
1268 1408
1274 $autoload 1414 $autoload
1275 and eval "require $package" 1415 and eval "require $package"
1276 and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0 1416 and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1277 and eval "require $model" 1417 and eval "require $model"
1278 ) { 1418 ) {
1419 AnyEvent::log 7 => "autoloaded model '$model', using it.";
1279 $MODEL = $model; 1420 $MODEL = $model;
1280 warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1281 last; 1421 last;
1282 } 1422 }
1283 } 1423 }
1284 1424
1285 $MODEL 1425 $MODEL
1286 or die "AnyEvent: backend autodetection failed - did you properly install AnyEvent?\n"; 1426 or die "AnyEvent: backend autodetection failed - did you properly install AnyEvent?";
1287 } 1427 }
1288 } 1428 }
1289 1429
1290 @models = (); # free probe data 1430 # free memory only needed for probing
1431 undef @models;
1432 undef @REGISTRY;
1291 1433
1292 push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base"; 1434 push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
1293 unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
1294 1435
1295 # now nuke some methods that are overridden by the backend. 1436 # now nuke some methods that are overridden by the backend.
1296 # SUPER is not allowed. 1437 # SUPER usage is not allowed in these.
1297 for (qw(time signal child idle)) { 1438 for (qw(time signal child idle)) {
1298 undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"} 1439 undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"}
1299 if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"}; 1440 if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"};
1300 } 1441 }
1301 1442
1443 _isa_set;
1444
1445 # we're officially open!
1446
1302 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT}) { 1447 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT}) {
1303 eval { require AnyEvent::Strict }; 1448 require AnyEvent::Strict;
1304 warn "AnyEvent: cannot load AnyEvent::Strict: $@"
1305 if $@ && $VERBOSE;
1306 } 1449 }
1307 1450
1451 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP}) {
1452 require AnyEvent::Debug;
1453 AnyEvent::Debug::wrap ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP});
1454 }
1455
1456 if (length $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL}) {
1457 require AnyEvent::Socket;
1458 require AnyEvent::Debug;
1459
1460 my $shell = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL};
1461 $shell =~ s/\$\$/$$/g;
1462
1463 my ($host, $service) = AnyEvent::Socket::parse_hostport ($shell);
1464 $AnyEvent::Debug::SHELL = AnyEvent::Debug::shell ($host, $service);
1465 }
1466
1467 # now the anyevent environment is set up as the user told us to, so
1468 # call the actual user code - post detects
1469
1308 (shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect; 1470 (shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
1471 undef @post_detect;
1309 1472
1310 *post_detect = sub(&) { 1473 *post_detect = sub(&) {
1311 shift->(); 1474 shift->();
1312 1475
1313 undef 1476 undef
1314 }; 1477 };
1315 1478
1316 $MODEL 1479 $MODEL
1317} 1480}
1318 1481
1319sub AUTOLOAD { 1482for my $name (@methods) {
1320 (my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://; 1483 *$name = sub {
1321
1322 $method{$func}
1323 or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid AnyEvent class method";
1324
1325 detect; 1484 detect;
1326 1485 # we use goto because
1327 my $class = shift; 1486 # a) it makes the thunk more transparent
1328 $class->$func (@_); 1487 # b) it allows us to delete the thunk later
1488 goto &{ UNIVERSAL::can AnyEvent => "SUPER::$name" }
1489 };
1329} 1490}
1330 1491
1331# utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends 1492# utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends
1332# to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually 1493# to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually
1333# allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one). 1494# allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one).
1357 1518
1358package AE; 1519package AE;
1359 1520
1360our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION; 1521our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
1361 1522
1523sub _reset() {
1524 eval q{
1362# fall back to the main API by default - backends and AnyEvent::Base 1525 # fall back to the main API by default - backends and AnyEvent::Base
1363# implementations can overwrite these. 1526 # implementations can overwrite these.
1364 1527
1365sub io($$$) { 1528 sub io($$$) {
1366 AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2]) 1529 AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])
1367} 1530 }
1368 1531
1369sub timer($$$) { 1532 sub timer($$$) {
1370 AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2]) 1533 AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2])
1371} 1534 }
1372 1535
1373sub signal($$) { 1536 sub signal($$) {
1374 AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) 1537 AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
1375} 1538 }
1376 1539
1377sub child($$) { 1540 sub child($$) {
1378 AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) 1541 AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
1379} 1542 }
1380 1543
1381sub idle($) { 1544 sub idle($) {
1382 AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0]) 1545 AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0]);
1383} 1546 }
1384 1547
1385sub cv(;&) { 1548 sub cv(;&) {
1386 AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ()) 1549 AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ())
1387} 1550 }
1388 1551
1389sub now() { 1552 sub now() {
1390 AnyEvent->now 1553 AnyEvent->now
1391} 1554 }
1392 1555
1393sub now_update() { 1556 sub now_update() {
1394 AnyEvent->now_update 1557 AnyEvent->now_update
1395} 1558 }
1396 1559
1397sub time() { 1560 sub time() {
1398 AnyEvent->time 1561 AnyEvent->time
1562 }
1563
1564 *postpone = \&AnyEvent::postpone;
1565 *log = \&AnyEvent::log;
1566 };
1567 die if $@;
1399} 1568}
1569
1570BEGIN { _reset }
1400 1571
1401package AnyEvent::Base; 1572package AnyEvent::Base;
1402 1573
1403# default implementations for many methods 1574# default implementations for many methods
1404 1575
1405sub time { 1576sub time {
1406 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} 1577 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1407 # probe for availability of Time::HiRes 1578 # probe for availability of Time::HiRes
1408 if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") { 1579 if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
1409 warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; 1580 *time = sub { Time::HiRes::time () };
1410 *AE::time = \&Time::HiRes::time; 1581 *AE::time = \& Time::HiRes::time ;
1582 *now = \&time;
1583 AnyEvent::log 8 => "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.";
1411 # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())... 1584 # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
1412 } else { 1585 } else {
1586 *time = sub { CORE::time };
1587 *AE::time = sub (){ CORE::time };
1588 *now = \&time;
1413 warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE; 1589 AnyEvent::log 3 => "using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!";
1414 *AE::time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail
1415 } 1590 }
1416
1417 *time = sub { AE::time }; # different prototypes
1418 }; 1591 };
1419 die if $@; 1592 die if $@;
1420 1593
1421 &time 1594 &time
1422} 1595}
1423 1596
1424*now = \&time; 1597*now = \&time;
1425
1426sub now_update { } 1598sub now_update { }
1427 1599
1428sub _poll { 1600sub _poll {
1429 Carp::croak "$AnyEvent::MODEL does not support blocking waits. Caught"; 1601 Carp::croak "$AnyEvent::MODEL does not support blocking waits. Caught";
1430} 1602}
1431 1603
1432# default implementation for ->condvar 1604# default implementation for ->condvar
1433# in fact,t he default should not be overwritten 1605# in fact, the default should not be overwritten
1434 1606
1435sub condvar { 1607sub condvar {
1436 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} 1608 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1437 *condvar = sub { 1609 *condvar = sub {
1438 bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar" 1610 bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
1516 1688
1517sub signal { 1689sub signal {
1518 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} 1690 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1519 # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt 1691 # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
1520 if (_have_async_interrupt) { 1692 if (_have_async_interrupt) {
1521 warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; 1693 AnyEvent::log 8 => "using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.";
1522 1694
1523 $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe; 1695 $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1524 $SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec; 1696 $SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec;
1525 1697
1526 } else { 1698 } else {
1527 warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; 1699 AnyEvent::log 8 => "using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.";
1528 1700
1529 if (AnyEvent::WIN32) { 1701 if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1530 require AnyEvent::Util; 1702 require AnyEvent::Util;
1531 1703
1532 ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe (); 1704 ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1608 : sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9; 1780 : sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9;
1609 1781
1610 while (%SIG_EV) { 1782 while (%SIG_EV) {
1611 for (keys %SIG_EV) { 1783 for (keys %SIG_EV) {
1612 delete $SIG_EV{$_}; 1784 delete $SIG_EV{$_};
1613 $_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} }; 1785 &$_ for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} };
1614 } 1786 }
1615 } 1787 }
1616 }; 1788 };
1617 }; 1789 };
1618 die if $@; 1790 die if $@;
1685 1857
1686 my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb}; 1858 my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};
1687 1859
1688 $rcb = sub { 1860 $rcb = sub {
1689 if ($cb) { 1861 if ($cb) {
1690 $w = _time; 1862 $w = AE::time;
1691 &$cb; 1863 &$cb;
1692 $w = _time - $w; 1864 $w = AE::time - $w;
1693 1865
1694 # never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher, 1866 # never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,
1695 # within some limits 1867 # within some limits
1696 $w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001; 1868 $w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;
1697 $w = 5 if $w > 5; 1869 $w = 5 if $w > 5;
1826$Event/EV::DIED->() >>, L<Glib> uses C<< install_exception_handler >> and 1998$Event/EV::DIED->() >>, L<Glib> uses C<< install_exception_handler >> and
1827so on. 1999so on.
1828 2000
1829=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES 2001=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
1830 2002
1831The following environment variables are used by this module or its 2003AnyEvent supports a number of environment variables that tune the
1832submodules. 2004runtime behaviour. They are usually evaluated when AnyEvent is
2005loaded, initialised, or a submodule that uses them is loaded. Many of
2006them also cause AnyEvent to load additional modules - for example,
2007C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP> causes the L<AnyEvent::Debug> module to be
2008loaded.
1833 2009
1834Note that AnyEvent will remove I<all> environment variables starting with 2010All the environment variables documented here start with
1835C<PERL_ANYEVENT_> from C<%ENV> when it is loaded while taint mode is 2011C<PERL_ANYEVENT_>, which is what AnyEvent considers its own
1836enabled. 2012namespace. Other modules are encouraged (but by no means required) to use
2013C<PERL_ANYEVENT_SUBMODULE> if they have registered the AnyEvent::Submodule
2014namespace on CPAN, for any submodule. For example, L<AnyEvent::HTTP> could
2015be expected to use C<PERL_ANYEVENT_HTTP_PROXY> (it should not access env
2016variables starting with C<AE_>, see below).
2017
2018All variables can also be set via the C<AE_> prefix, that is, instead
2019of setting C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> you can also set C<AE_VERBOSE>. In
2020case there is a clash btween anyevent and another program that uses
2021C<AE_something> you can set the corresponding C<PERL_ANYEVENT_something>
2022variable to the empty string, as those variables take precedence.
2023
2024When AnyEvent is first loaded, it copies all C<AE_xxx> env variables
2025to their C<PERL_ANYEVENT_xxx> counterpart unless that variable already
2026exists. If taint mode is on, then AnyEvent will remove I<all> environment
2027variables starting with C<PERL_ANYEVENT_> from C<%ENV> (or replace them
2028with C<undef> or the empty string, if the corresaponding C<AE_> variable
2029is set).
2030
2031The exact algorithm is currently:
2032
2033 1. if taint mode enabled, delete all PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz variables from %ENV
2034 2. copy over AE_xyz to PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz unless the latter alraedy exists
2035 3. if taint mode enabled, set all PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz variables to undef.
2036
2037This ensures that child processes will not see the C<AE_> variables.
2038
2039The following environment variables are currently known to AnyEvent:
1837 2040
1838=over 4 2041=over 4
1839 2042
1840=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> 2043=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE>
1841 2044
1842By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal 2045By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal
1843conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more 2046conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more
1844talkative. 2047talkative. If you want to do more than just set the global logging level
2048you should have a look at C<PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG>, which allows much more
2049complex specifications.
1845 2050
1846When set to C<1> or higher, causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected 2051When set to C<5> or higher (warn), causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected
1847conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by 2052conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by
1848C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>. 2053C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>, or a guard callback throwing an exception - this
2054is the minimum recommended level.
1849 2055
1850When set to C<2> or higher, cause AnyEvent to report to STDERR which event 2056When set to C<7> or higher (info), cause AnyEvent to report which event model it
1851model it chooses. 2057chooses.
1852 2058
1853When set to C<8> or higher, then AnyEvent will report extra information on 2059When set to C<8> or higher (debug), then AnyEvent will report extra information on
1854which optional modules it loads and how it implements certain features. 2060which optional modules it loads and how it implements certain features.
2061
2062=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG>
2063
2064Accepts rather complex logging specifications. For example, you could log
2065all C<debug> messages of some module to stderr, warnings and above to
2066stderr, and errors and above to syslog, with:
2067
2068 PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG=Some::Module=debug,+log:filter=warn,+%syslog:%syslog=error,syslog
2069
2070For the rather extensive details, see L<AnyEvent::Log>.
2071
2072This variable is evaluated when AnyEvent (or L<AnyEvent::Log>) is loaded,
2073so will take effect even before AnyEvent has initialised itself.
2074
2075Note that specifying this environment variable causes the L<AnyEvent::Log>
2076module to be loaded, while C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> does not, so only
2077using the latter saves a few hundred kB of memory until the first message
2078is being logged.
1855 2079
1856=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT> 2080=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT>
1857 2081
1858AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough 2082AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough
1859argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value 2083argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value
1866Unlike C<use strict> (or its modern cousin, C<< use L<common::sense> 2090Unlike C<use strict> (or its modern cousin, C<< use L<common::sense>
1867>>, it is definitely recommended to keep it off in production. Keeping 2091>>, it is definitely recommended to keep it off in production. Keeping
1868C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while developing programs 2092C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while developing programs
1869can be very useful, however. 2093can be very useful, however.
1870 2094
2095=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL>
2096
2097If this env variable is set, then its contents will be interpreted by
2098C<AnyEvent::Socket::parse_hostport> (after replacing every occurance of
2099C<$$> by the process pid) and an C<AnyEvent::Debug::shell> is bound on
2100that port. The shell object is saved in C<$AnyEvent::Debug::SHELL>.
2101
2102This happens when the first watcher is created.
2103
2104For example, to bind a debug shell on a unix domain socket in
2105F<< /tmp/debug<pid>.sock >>, you could use this:
2106
2107 PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL=/tmp/debug\$\$.sock perlprog
2108
2109Note that creating sockets in F</tmp> is very unsafe on multiuser
2110systems.
2111
2112=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP>
2113
2114Can be set to C<0>, C<1> or C<2> and enables wrapping of all watchers for
2115debugging purposes. See C<AnyEvent::Debug::wrap> for details.
2116
1871=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL> 2117=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>
1872 2118
1873This can be used to specify the event model to be used by AnyEvent, before 2119This can be used to specify the event model to be used by AnyEvent, before
1874auto detection and -probing kicks in. It must be a string consisting 2120auto detection and -probing kicks in.
1875entirely of ASCII letters. The string C<AnyEvent::Impl::> gets prepended 2121
2122It normally is a string consisting entirely of ASCII letters (e.g. C<EV>
2123or C<IOAsync>). The string C<AnyEvent::Impl::> gets prepended and the
1876and the resulting module name is loaded and if the load was successful, 2124resulting module name is loaded and - if the load was successful - used as
1877used as event model. If it fails to load AnyEvent will proceed with 2125event model backend. If it fails to load then AnyEvent will proceed with
1878auto detection and -probing. 2126auto detection and -probing.
1879 2127
1880This functionality might change in future versions. 2128If the string ends with C<::> instead (e.g. C<AnyEvent::Impl::EV::>) then
2129nothing gets prepended and the module name is used as-is (hint: C<::> at
2130the end of a string designates a module name and quotes it appropriately).
1881 2131
1882For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Loop::Perl>) you 2132For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Loop::Perl>) you
1883could start your program like this: 2133could start your program like this:
1884 2134
1885 PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ... 2135 PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ...
1903but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4> 2153but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4>
1904- only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6 2154- only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6
1905addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or 2155addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or
1906IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4. 2156IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4.
1907 2157
2158=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_HOSTS>
2159
2160This variable, if specified, overrides the F</etc/hosts> file used by
2161L<AnyEvent::Socket>C<::resolve_sockaddr>, i.e. hosts aliases will be read
2162from that file instead.
2163
1908=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0> 2164=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0>
1909 2165
1910Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension 2166Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension for
1911for DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, but 2167DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, especially
1912some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS packets, which is why it is off by 2168when DNSSEC is involved, but some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS
1913default. 2169packets, which is why it is off by default.
1914 2170
1915Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce 2171Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce
1916EDNS0 in its DNS requests. 2172EDNS0 in its DNS requests.
1917 2173
1918=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS> 2174=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS>
1926resolver - this is the maximum number of parallel DNS requests that are 2182resolver - this is the maximum number of parallel DNS requests that are
1927sent to the DNS server. 2183sent to the DNS server.
1928 2184
1929=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_RESOLV_CONF> 2185=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_RESOLV_CONF>
1930 2186
1931The file to use instead of F</etc/resolv.conf> (or OS-specific 2187The absolute path to a F<resolv.conf>-style file to use instead of
1932configuration) in the default resolver. When set to the empty string, no 2188F</etc/resolv.conf> (or the OS-specific configuration) in the default
1933default config will be used. 2189resolver, or the empty string to select the default configuration.
1934 2190
1935=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_FILE>, C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_PATH>. 2191=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_FILE>, C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_PATH>.
1936 2192
1937When neither C<ca_file> nor C<ca_path> was specified during 2193When neither C<ca_file> nor C<ca_path> was specified during
1938L<AnyEvent::TLS> context creation, and either of these environment 2194L<AnyEvent::TLS> context creation, and either of these environment
1939variables exist, they will be used to specify CA certificate locations 2195variables are nonempty, they will be used to specify CA certificate
1940instead of a system-dependent default. 2196locations instead of a system-dependent default.
1941 2197
1942=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_GUARD> and C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT> 2198=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_GUARD> and C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT>
1943 2199
1944When these are set to C<1>, then the respective modules are not 2200When these are set to C<1>, then the respective modules are not
1945loaded. Mostly good for testing AnyEvent itself. 2201loaded. Mostly good for testing AnyEvent itself.
2277(even when used without AnyEvent), but most event loops have acceptable 2533(even when used without AnyEvent), but most event loops have acceptable
2278performance with or without AnyEvent. 2534performance with or without AnyEvent.
2279 2535
2280=item * The overhead AnyEvent adds is usually much smaller than the overhead of 2536=item * The overhead AnyEvent adds is usually much smaller than the overhead of
2281the actual event loop, only with extremely fast event loops such as EV 2537the actual event loop, only with extremely fast event loops such as EV
2282adds AnyEvent significant overhead. 2538does AnyEvent add significant overhead.
2283 2539
2284=item * You should avoid POE like the plague if you want performance or 2540=item * You should avoid POE like the plague if you want performance or
2285reasonable memory usage. 2541reasonable memory usage.
2286 2542
2287=back 2543=back
2662 2918
2663Tutorial/Introduction: L<AnyEvent::Intro>. 2919Tutorial/Introduction: L<AnyEvent::Intro>.
2664 2920
2665FAQ: L<AnyEvent::FAQ>. 2921FAQ: L<AnyEvent::FAQ>.
2666 2922
2667Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util>. 2923Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util> (misc. grab-bag), L<AnyEvent::Log>
2924(simply logging).
2668 2925
2926Development/Debugging: L<AnyEvent::Strict> (stricter checking),
2927L<AnyEvent::Debug> (interactive shell, watcher tracing).
2928
2669Event modules: L<AnyEvent::Loop>, L<EV>, L<EV::Glib>, L<Glib::EV>, 2929Supported event modules: L<AnyEvent::Loop>, L<EV>, L<EV::Glib>,
2670L<Event>, L<Glib::Event>, L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>. 2930L<Glib::EV>, L<Event>, L<Glib::Event>, L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>,
2931L<Qt>, L<POE>, L<FLTK>.
2671 2932
2672Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>, 2933Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>,
2673L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, 2934L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>,
2674L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>, 2935L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>,
2675L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>. 2936L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>,
2937L<AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK>.
2676 2938
2677Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and 2939Non-blocking handles, pipes, stream sockets, TCP clients and
2678servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>. 2940servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>.
2679 2941
2680Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>. 2942Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>.
2681 2943
2682Thread support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, L<Coro::Event>. 2944Thread support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, L<Coro::Event>.

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