1 | =head1 NAME |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | |
2 | |
3 | AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming |
3 | AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming |
4 | |
4 | |
5 | EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt |
5 | EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt, |
6 | and POE are various supported event loops/environments. |
6 | FLTK and POE are various supported event loops/environments. |
7 | |
7 | |
8 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
8 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
9 | |
9 | |
10 | use AnyEvent; |
10 | use AnyEvent; |
11 | |
11 | |
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15 | # file handle or descriptor readable |
15 | # file handle or descriptor readable |
16 | my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... }); |
16 | my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... }); |
17 | |
17 | |
18 | # one-shot or repeating timers |
18 | # one-shot or repeating timers |
19 | my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... }); |
19 | my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... }); |
20 | my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ... |
20 | my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...); |
21 | |
21 | |
22 | print AnyEvent->now; # prints current event loop time |
22 | print AnyEvent->now; # prints current event loop time |
23 | print AnyEvent->time; # think Time::HiRes::time or simply CORE::time. |
23 | print AnyEvent->time; # think Time::HiRes::time or simply CORE::time. |
24 | |
24 | |
25 | # POSIX signal |
25 | # POSIX signal |
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46 | in a tutorial or some gentle introduction, have a look at the |
46 | in a tutorial or some gentle introduction, have a look at the |
47 | L<AnyEvent::Intro> manpage. |
47 | L<AnyEvent::Intro> manpage. |
48 | |
48 | |
49 | =head1 SUPPORT |
49 | =head1 SUPPORT |
50 | |
50 | |
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51 | An FAQ document is available as L<AnyEvent::FAQ>. |
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52 | |
51 | There is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC |
53 | There also is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC |
52 | channel, too. |
54 | channel, too. |
53 | |
55 | |
54 | See the AnyEvent project page at the B<Schmorpforge Ta-Sa Software |
56 | See the AnyEvent project page at the B<Schmorpforge Ta-Sa Software |
55 | Repository>, at L<http://anyevent.schmorp.de>, for more info. |
57 | Repository>, at L<http://anyevent.schmorp.de>, for more info. |
56 | |
58 | |
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76 | module users into the same thing by forcing them to use the same event |
78 | module users into the same thing by forcing them to use the same event |
77 | model you use. |
79 | model you use. |
78 | |
80 | |
79 | For modules like POE or IO::Async (which is a total misnomer as it is |
81 | For modules like POE or IO::Async (which is a total misnomer as it is |
80 | actually doing all I/O I<synchronously>...), using them in your module is |
82 | actually doing all I/O I<synchronously>...), using them in your module is |
81 | like joining a cult: After you joined, you are dependent on them and you |
83 | like joining a cult: After you join, you are dependent on them and you |
82 | cannot use anything else, as they are simply incompatible to everything |
84 | cannot use anything else, as they are simply incompatible to everything |
83 | that isn't them. What's worse, all the potential users of your |
85 | that isn't them. What's worse, all the potential users of your |
84 | module are I<also> forced to use the same event loop you use. |
86 | module are I<also> forced to use the same event loop you use. |
85 | |
87 | |
86 | AnyEvent is different: AnyEvent + POE works fine. AnyEvent + Glib works |
88 | AnyEvent is different: AnyEvent + POE works fine. AnyEvent + Glib works |
87 | fine. AnyEvent + Tk works fine etc. etc. but none of these work together |
89 | fine. AnyEvent + Tk works fine etc. etc. but none of these work together |
88 | with the rest: POE + IO::Async? No go. Tk + Event? No go. Again: if |
90 | with the rest: POE + EV? No go. Tk + Event? No go. Again: if your module |
89 | your module uses one of those, every user of your module has to use it, |
91 | uses one of those, every user of your module has to use it, too. But if |
90 | too. But if your module uses AnyEvent, it works transparently with all |
92 | your module uses AnyEvent, it works transparently with all event models it |
91 | event models it supports (including stuff like IO::Async, as long as those |
93 | supports (including stuff like IO::Async, as long as those use one of the |
92 | use one of the supported event loops. It is trivial to add new event loops |
94 | supported event loops. It is easy to add new event loops to AnyEvent, too, |
93 | to AnyEvent, too, so it is future-proof). |
95 | so it is future-proof). |
94 | |
96 | |
95 | In addition to being free of having to use I<the one and only true event |
97 | In addition to being free of having to use I<the one and only true event |
96 | model>, AnyEvent also is free of bloat and policy: with POE or similar |
98 | model>, AnyEvent also is free of bloat and policy: with POE or similar |
97 | modules, you get an enormous amount of code and strict rules you have to |
99 | modules, you get an enormous amount of code and strict rules you have to |
98 | follow. AnyEvent, on the other hand, is lean and up to the point, by only |
100 | follow. AnyEvent, on the other hand, is lean and to the point, by only |
99 | offering the functionality that is necessary, in as thin as a wrapper as |
101 | offering the functionality that is necessary, in as thin as a wrapper as |
100 | technically possible. |
102 | technically possible. |
101 | |
103 | |
102 | Of course, AnyEvent comes with a big (and fully optional!) toolbox |
104 | Of course, AnyEvent comes with a big (and fully optional!) toolbox |
103 | of useful functionality, such as an asynchronous DNS resolver, 100% |
105 | of useful functionality, such as an asynchronous DNS resolver, 100% |
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109 | useful) and you want to force your users to use the one and only event |
111 | useful) and you want to force your users to use the one and only event |
110 | model, you should I<not> use this module. |
112 | model, you should I<not> use this module. |
111 | |
113 | |
112 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
114 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
113 | |
115 | |
114 | L<AnyEvent> provides an identical interface to multiple event loops. This |
116 | L<AnyEvent> provides a uniform interface to various event loops. This |
115 | allows module authors to utilise an event loop without forcing module |
117 | allows module authors to use event loop functionality without forcing |
116 | users to use the same event loop (as only a single event loop can coexist |
118 | module users to use a specific event loop implementation (since more |
117 | peacefully at any one time). |
119 | than one event loop cannot coexist peacefully). |
118 | |
120 | |
119 | The interface itself is vaguely similar, but not identical to the L<Event> |
121 | The interface itself is vaguely similar, but not identical to the L<Event> |
120 | module. |
122 | module. |
121 | |
123 | |
122 | During the first call of any watcher-creation method, the module tries |
124 | During the first call of any watcher-creation method, the module tries |
123 | to detect the currently loaded event loop by probing whether one of the |
125 | to detect the currently loaded event loop by probing whether one of the |
124 | following modules is already loaded: L<EV>, |
126 | following modules is already loaded: L<EV>, L<AnyEvent::Loop>, |
125 | L<Event>, L<Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, |
127 | L<Event>, L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>. The first one |
126 | L<POE>. The first one found is used. If none are found, the module tries |
128 | found is used. If none are detected, the module tries to load the first |
127 | to load these modules (excluding Tk, Event::Lib, Qt and POE as the pure perl |
129 | four modules in the order given; but note that if L<EV> is not |
128 | adaptor should always succeed) in the order given. The first one that can |
130 | available, the pure-perl L<AnyEvent::Loop> should always work, so |
129 | be successfully loaded will be used. If, after this, still none could be |
131 | the other two are not normally tried. |
130 | found, AnyEvent will fall back to a pure-perl event loop, which is not |
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131 | very efficient, but should work everywhere. |
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132 | |
132 | |
133 | Because AnyEvent first checks for modules that are already loaded, loading |
133 | Because AnyEvent first checks for modules that are already loaded, loading |
134 | an event model explicitly before first using AnyEvent will likely make |
134 | an event model explicitly before first using AnyEvent will likely make |
135 | that model the default. For example: |
135 | that model the default. For example: |
136 | |
136 | |
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138 | use AnyEvent; |
138 | use AnyEvent; |
139 | |
139 | |
140 | # .. AnyEvent will likely default to Tk |
140 | # .. AnyEvent will likely default to Tk |
141 | |
141 | |
142 | The I<likely> means that, if any module loads another event model and |
142 | The I<likely> means that, if any module loads another event model and |
143 | starts using it, all bets are off. Maybe you should tell their authors to |
143 | starts using it, all bets are off - this case should be very rare though, |
144 | use AnyEvent so their modules work together with others seamlessly... |
144 | as very few modules hardcode event loops without announcing this very |
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145 | loudly. |
145 | |
146 | |
146 | The pure-perl implementation of AnyEvent is called |
147 | The pure-perl implementation of AnyEvent is called C<AnyEvent::Loop>. Like |
147 | C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>. Like other event modules you can load it |
148 | other event modules you can load it explicitly and enjoy the high |
148 | explicitly and enjoy the high availability of that event loop :) |
149 | availability of that event loop :) |
149 | |
150 | |
150 | =head1 WATCHERS |
151 | =head1 WATCHERS |
151 | |
152 | |
152 | AnyEvent has the central concept of a I<watcher>, which is an object that |
153 | AnyEvent has the central concept of a I<watcher>, which is an object that |
153 | stores relevant data for each kind of event you are waiting for, such as |
154 | stores relevant data for each kind of event you are waiting for, such as |
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158 | callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model |
159 | callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model |
159 | is in control). |
160 | is in control). |
160 | |
161 | |
161 | Note that B<callbacks must not permanently change global variables> |
162 | Note that B<callbacks must not permanently change global variables> |
162 | potentially in use by the event loop (such as C<$_> or C<$[>) and that B<< |
163 | potentially in use by the event loop (such as C<$_> or C<$[>) and that B<< |
163 | callbacks must not C<die> >>. The former is good programming practise in |
164 | callbacks must not C<die> >>. The former is good programming practice in |
164 | Perl and the latter stems from the fact that exception handling differs |
165 | Perl and the latter stems from the fact that exception handling differs |
165 | widely between event loops. |
166 | widely between event loops. |
166 | |
167 | |
167 | To disable the watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the |
168 | To disable a watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the |
168 | variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references |
169 | variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references |
169 | to it). |
170 | to it). |
170 | |
171 | |
171 | All watchers are created by calling a method on the C<AnyEvent> class. |
172 | All watchers are created by calling a method on the C<AnyEvent> class. |
172 | |
173 | |
173 | Many watchers either are used with "recursion" (repeating timers for |
174 | Many watchers either are used with "recursion" (repeating timers for |
174 | example), or need to refer to their watcher object in other ways. |
175 | example), or need to refer to their watcher object in other ways. |
175 | |
176 | |
176 | An any way to achieve that is this pattern: |
177 | One way to achieve that is this pattern: |
177 | |
178 | |
178 | my $w; $w = AnyEvent->type (arg => value ..., cb => sub { |
179 | my $w; $w = AnyEvent->type (arg => value ..., cb => sub { |
179 | # you can use $w here, for example to undef it |
180 | # you can use $w here, for example to undef it |
180 | undef $w; |
181 | undef $w; |
181 | }); |
182 | }); |
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213 | |
214 | |
214 | The I/O watcher might use the underlying file descriptor or a copy of it. |
215 | The I/O watcher might use the underlying file descriptor or a copy of it. |
215 | You must not close a file handle as long as any watcher is active on the |
216 | You must not close a file handle as long as any watcher is active on the |
216 | underlying file descriptor. |
217 | underlying file descriptor. |
217 | |
218 | |
218 | Some event loops issue spurious readyness notifications, so you should |
219 | Some event loops issue spurious readiness notifications, so you should |
219 | always use non-blocking calls when reading/writing from/to your file |
220 | always use non-blocking calls when reading/writing from/to your file |
220 | handles. |
221 | handles. |
221 | |
222 | |
222 | Example: wait for readability of STDIN, then read a line and disable the |
223 | Example: wait for readability of STDIN, then read a line and disable the |
223 | watcher. |
224 | watcher. |
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247 | |
248 | |
248 | Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and |
249 | Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and |
249 | presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent |
250 | presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent |
250 | callbacks cannot use arguments passed to time watcher callbacks. |
251 | callbacks cannot use arguments passed to time watcher callbacks. |
251 | |
252 | |
252 | The callback will normally be invoked once only. If you specify another |
253 | The callback will normally be invoked only once. If you specify another |
253 | parameter, C<interval>, as a strictly positive number (> 0), then the |
254 | parameter, C<interval>, as a strictly positive number (> 0), then the |
254 | callback will be invoked regularly at that interval (in fractional |
255 | callback will be invoked regularly at that interval (in fractional |
255 | seconds) after the first invocation. If C<interval> is specified with a |
256 | seconds) after the first invocation. If C<interval> is specified with a |
256 | false value, then it is treated as if it were missing. |
257 | false value, then it is treated as if it were not specified at all. |
257 | |
258 | |
258 | The callback will be rescheduled before invoking the callback, but no |
259 | The callback will be rescheduled before invoking the callback, but no |
259 | attempt is done to avoid timer drift in most backends, so the interval is |
260 | attempt is made to avoid timer drift in most backends, so the interval is |
260 | only approximate. |
261 | only approximate. |
261 | |
262 | |
262 | Example: fire an event after 7.7 seconds. |
263 | Example: fire an event after 7.7 seconds. |
263 | |
264 | |
264 | my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 7.7, cb => sub { |
265 | my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 7.7, cb => sub { |
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282 | |
283 | |
283 | While most event loops expect timers to specified in a relative way, they |
284 | While most event loops expect timers to specified in a relative way, they |
284 | use absolute time internally. This makes a difference when your clock |
285 | use absolute time internally. This makes a difference when your clock |
285 | "jumps", for example, when ntp decides to set your clock backwards from |
286 | "jumps", for example, when ntp decides to set your clock backwards from |
286 | the wrong date of 2014-01-01 to 2008-01-01, a watcher that is supposed to |
287 | the wrong date of 2014-01-01 to 2008-01-01, a watcher that is supposed to |
287 | fire "after" a second might actually take six years to finally fire. |
288 | fire "after a second" might actually take six years to finally fire. |
288 | |
289 | |
289 | AnyEvent cannot compensate for this. The only event loop that is conscious |
290 | AnyEvent cannot compensate for this. The only event loop that is conscious |
290 | about these issues is L<EV>, which offers both relative (ev_timer, based |
291 | of these issues is L<EV>, which offers both relative (ev_timer, based |
291 | on true relative time) and absolute (ev_periodic, based on wallclock time) |
292 | on true relative time) and absolute (ev_periodic, based on wallclock time) |
292 | timers. |
293 | timers. |
293 | |
294 | |
294 | AnyEvent always prefers relative timers, if available, matching the |
295 | AnyEvent always prefers relative timers, if available, matching the |
295 | AnyEvent API. |
296 | AnyEvent API. |
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317 | I<In almost all cases (in all cases if you don't care), this is the |
318 | I<In almost all cases (in all cases if you don't care), this is the |
318 | function to call when you want to know the current time.> |
319 | function to call when you want to know the current time.> |
319 | |
320 | |
320 | This function is also often faster then C<< AnyEvent->time >>, and |
321 | This function is also often faster then C<< AnyEvent->time >>, and |
321 | thus the preferred method if you want some timestamp (for example, |
322 | thus the preferred method if you want some timestamp (for example, |
322 | L<AnyEvent::Handle> uses this to update it's activity timeouts). |
323 | L<AnyEvent::Handle> uses this to update its activity timeouts). |
323 | |
324 | |
324 | The rest of this section is only of relevance if you try to be very exact |
325 | The rest of this section is only of relevance if you try to be very exact |
325 | with your timing, you can skip it without bad conscience. |
326 | with your timing; you can skip it without a bad conscience. |
326 | |
327 | |
327 | For a practical example of when these times differ, consider L<Event::Lib> |
328 | For a practical example of when these times differ, consider L<Event::Lib> |
328 | and L<EV> and the following set-up: |
329 | and L<EV> and the following set-up: |
329 | |
330 | |
330 | The event loop is running and has just invoked one of your callback at |
331 | The event loop is running and has just invoked one of your callbacks at |
331 | time=500 (assume no other callbacks delay processing). In your callback, |
332 | time=500 (assume no other callbacks delay processing). In your callback, |
332 | you wait a second by executing C<sleep 1> (blocking the process for a |
333 | you wait a second by executing C<sleep 1> (blocking the process for a |
333 | second) and then (at time=501) you create a relative timer that fires |
334 | second) and then (at time=501) you create a relative timer that fires |
334 | after three seconds. |
335 | after three seconds. |
335 | |
336 | |
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355 | difference between C<< AnyEvent->time >> and C<< AnyEvent->now >> into |
356 | difference between C<< AnyEvent->time >> and C<< AnyEvent->now >> into |
356 | account. |
357 | account. |
357 | |
358 | |
358 | =item AnyEvent->now_update |
359 | =item AnyEvent->now_update |
359 | |
360 | |
360 | Some event loops (such as L<EV> or L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) cache |
361 | Some event loops (such as L<EV> or L<AnyEvent::Loop>) cache the current |
361 | the current time for each loop iteration (see the discussion of L<< |
362 | time for each loop iteration (see the discussion of L<< AnyEvent->now >>, |
362 | AnyEvent->now >>, above). |
363 | above). |
363 | |
364 | |
364 | When a callback runs for a long time (or when the process sleeps), then |
365 | When a callback runs for a long time (or when the process sleeps), then |
365 | this "current" time will differ substantially from the real time, which |
366 | this "current" time will differ substantially from the real time, which |
366 | might affect timers and time-outs. |
367 | might affect timers and time-outs. |
367 | |
368 | |
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428 | =head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds |
429 | =head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds |
429 | |
430 | |
430 | Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching |
431 | Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching |
431 | callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot |
432 | callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot |
432 | do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for |
433 | do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for |
433 | this. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, which means in some cases, |
434 | this. AnyEvent will try to do its best, which means in some cases, |
434 | signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is |
435 | signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is |
435 | specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This |
436 | specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This |
436 | variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created, |
437 | variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created, |
437 | and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often |
438 | and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often |
438 | AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values |
439 | AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values |
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440 | saving. |
441 | saving. |
441 | |
442 | |
442 | All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional |
443 | All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional |
443 | L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not |
444 | L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not |
444 | work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib> |
445 | work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib> |
445 | (and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does it's own workaround with |
446 | (and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does its own workaround with |
446 | one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays. |
447 | one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays. |
447 | |
448 | |
448 | =head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS |
449 | =head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS |
449 | |
450 | |
450 | $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>); |
451 | $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>); |
451 | |
452 | |
452 | You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status. |
453 | You can also watch for a child process exit and catch its exit status. |
453 | |
454 | |
454 | The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends, |
455 | The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (on some backends, |
455 | using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will |
456 | using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will |
456 | croak). The watcher will be triggered only when the child process has |
457 | croak). The watcher will be triggered only when the child process has |
457 | finished and an exit status is available, not on any trace events |
458 | finished and an exit status is available, not on any trace events |
458 | (stopped/continued). |
459 | (stopped/continued). |
459 | |
460 | |
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481 | thing in an AnyEvent program, you I<have> to create at least one |
482 | thing in an AnyEvent program, you I<have> to create at least one |
482 | watcher before you C<fork> the child (alternatively, you can call |
483 | watcher before you C<fork> the child (alternatively, you can call |
483 | C<AnyEvent::detect>). |
484 | C<AnyEvent::detect>). |
484 | |
485 | |
485 | As most event loops do not support waiting for child events, they will be |
486 | As most event loops do not support waiting for child events, they will be |
486 | emulated by AnyEvent in most cases, in which the latency and race problems |
487 | emulated by AnyEvent in most cases, in which case the latency and race |
487 | mentioned in the description of signal watchers apply. |
488 | problems mentioned in the description of signal watchers apply. |
488 | |
489 | |
489 | Example: fork a process and wait for it |
490 | Example: fork a process and wait for it |
490 | |
491 | |
491 | my $done = AnyEvent->condvar; |
492 | my $done = AnyEvent->condvar; |
492 | |
493 | |
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506 | |
507 | |
507 | =head2 IDLE WATCHERS |
508 | =head2 IDLE WATCHERS |
508 | |
509 | |
509 | $w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>); |
510 | $w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>); |
510 | |
511 | |
511 | Repeatedly invoke the callback after the process becomes idle, until |
512 | This will repeatedly invoke the callback after the process becomes idle, |
512 | either the watcher is destroyed or new events have been detected. |
513 | until either the watcher is destroyed or new events have been detected. |
513 | |
514 | |
514 | Idle watchers are useful when there is a need to do something, but it |
515 | Idle watchers are useful when there is a need to do something, but it |
515 | is not so important (or wise) to do it instantly. The callback will be |
516 | is not so important (or wise) to do it instantly. The callback will be |
516 | invoked only when there is "nothing better to do", which is usually |
517 | invoked only when there is "nothing better to do", which is usually |
517 | defined as "all outstanding events have been handled and no new events |
518 | defined as "all outstanding events have been handled and no new events |
… | |
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587 | the signal fires. |
588 | the signal fires. |
588 | |
589 | |
589 | =item * Condition variables are like "Merge Points" - points in your program |
590 | =item * Condition variables are like "Merge Points" - points in your program |
590 | where you merge multiple independent results/control flows into one. |
591 | where you merge multiple independent results/control flows into one. |
591 | |
592 | |
592 | =item * Condition variables represent a transaction - function that start |
593 | =item * Condition variables represent a transaction - functions that start |
593 | some kind of transaction can return them, leaving the caller the choice |
594 | some kind of transaction can return them, leaving the caller the choice |
594 | between waiting in a blocking fashion, or setting a callback. |
595 | between waiting in a blocking fashion, or setting a callback. |
595 | |
596 | |
596 | =item * Condition variables represent future values, or promises to deliver |
597 | =item * Condition variables represent future values, or promises to deliver |
597 | some result, long before the result is available. |
598 | some result, long before the result is available. |
… | |
… | |
617 | |
618 | |
618 | Condition variables are represented by hash refs in perl, and the keys |
619 | Condition variables are represented by hash refs in perl, and the keys |
619 | used by AnyEvent itself are all named C<_ae_XXX> to make subclassing |
620 | used by AnyEvent itself are all named C<_ae_XXX> to make subclassing |
620 | easy (it is often useful to build your own transaction class on top of |
621 | easy (it is often useful to build your own transaction class on top of |
621 | AnyEvent). To subclass, use C<AnyEvent::CondVar> as base class and call |
622 | AnyEvent). To subclass, use C<AnyEvent::CondVar> as base class and call |
622 | it's C<new> method in your own C<new> method. |
623 | its C<new> method in your own C<new> method. |
623 | |
624 | |
624 | There are two "sides" to a condition variable - the "producer side" which |
625 | There are two "sides" to a condition variable - the "producer side" which |
625 | eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits |
626 | eventually calls C<< -> send >>, and the "consumer side", which waits |
626 | for the send to occur. |
627 | for the send to occur. |
627 | |
628 | |
… | |
… | |
692 | they were a code reference). Calling them directly is the same as calling |
693 | they were a code reference). Calling them directly is the same as calling |
693 | C<send>. |
694 | C<send>. |
694 | |
695 | |
695 | =item $cv->croak ($error) |
696 | =item $cv->croak ($error) |
696 | |
697 | |
697 | Similar to send, but causes all call's to C<< ->recv >> to invoke |
698 | Similar to send, but causes all calls to C<< ->recv >> to invoke |
698 | C<Carp::croak> with the given error message/object/scalar. |
699 | C<Carp::croak> with the given error message/object/scalar. |
699 | |
700 | |
700 | This can be used to signal any errors to the condition variable |
701 | This can be used to signal any errors to the condition variable |
701 | user/consumer. Doing it this way instead of calling C<croak> directly |
702 | user/consumer. Doing it this way instead of calling C<croak> directly |
702 | delays the error detetcion, but has the overwhelmign advantage that it |
703 | delays the error detection, but has the overwhelming advantage that it |
703 | diagnoses the error at the place where the result is expected, and not |
704 | diagnoses the error at the place where the result is expected, and not |
704 | deep in some event clalback without connection to the actual code causing |
705 | deep in some event callback with no connection to the actual code causing |
705 | the problem. |
706 | the problem. |
706 | |
707 | |
707 | =item $cv->begin ([group callback]) |
708 | =item $cv->begin ([group callback]) |
708 | |
709 | |
709 | =item $cv->end |
710 | =item $cv->end |
… | |
… | |
747 | one call to C<begin>, so the condvar waits for all calls to C<end> before |
748 | one call to C<begin>, so the condvar waits for all calls to C<end> before |
748 | sending. |
749 | sending. |
749 | |
750 | |
750 | The ping example mentioned above is slightly more complicated, as the |
751 | The ping example mentioned above is slightly more complicated, as the |
751 | there are results to be passwd back, and the number of tasks that are |
752 | there are results to be passwd back, and the number of tasks that are |
752 | begung can potentially be zero: |
753 | begun can potentially be zero: |
753 | |
754 | |
754 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
755 | my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar; |
755 | |
756 | |
756 | my %result; |
757 | my %result; |
757 | $cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) }); |
758 | $cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) }); |
… | |
… | |
778 | to be called once the counter reaches C<0>, and second, it ensures that |
779 | to be called once the counter reaches C<0>, and second, it ensures that |
779 | C<send> is called even when C<no> hosts are being pinged (the loop |
780 | C<send> is called even when C<no> hosts are being pinged (the loop |
780 | doesn't execute once). |
781 | doesn't execute once). |
781 | |
782 | |
782 | This is the general pattern when you "fan out" into multiple (but |
783 | This is the general pattern when you "fan out" into multiple (but |
783 | potentially none) subrequests: use an outer C<begin>/C<end> pair to set |
784 | potentially zero) subrequests: use an outer C<begin>/C<end> pair to set |
784 | the callback and ensure C<end> is called at least once, and then, for each |
785 | the callback and ensure C<end> is called at least once, and then, for each |
785 | subrequest you start, call C<begin> and for each subrequest you finish, |
786 | subrequest you start, call C<begin> and for each subrequest you finish, |
786 | call C<end>. |
787 | call C<end>. |
787 | |
788 | |
788 | =back |
789 | =back |
… | |
… | |
795 | =over 4 |
796 | =over 4 |
796 | |
797 | |
797 | =item $cv->recv |
798 | =item $cv->recv |
798 | |
799 | |
799 | Wait (blocking if necessary) until the C<< ->send >> or C<< ->croak |
800 | Wait (blocking if necessary) until the C<< ->send >> or C<< ->croak |
800 | >> methods have been called on c<$cv>, while servicing other watchers |
801 | >> methods have been called on C<$cv>, while servicing other watchers |
801 | normally. |
802 | normally. |
802 | |
803 | |
803 | You can only wait once on a condition - additional calls are valid but |
804 | You can only wait once on a condition - additional calls are valid but |
804 | will return immediately. |
805 | will return immediately. |
805 | |
806 | |
… | |
… | |
822 | caller decide whether the call will block or not (for example, by coupling |
823 | caller decide whether the call will block or not (for example, by coupling |
823 | condition variables with some kind of request results and supporting |
824 | condition variables with some kind of request results and supporting |
824 | callbacks so the caller knows that getting the result will not block, |
825 | callbacks so the caller knows that getting the result will not block, |
825 | while still supporting blocking waits if the caller so desires). |
826 | while still supporting blocking waits if the caller so desires). |
826 | |
827 | |
827 | You can ensure that C<< -recv >> never blocks by setting a callback and |
828 | You can ensure that C<< ->recv >> never blocks by setting a callback and |
828 | only calling C<< ->recv >> from within that callback (or at a later |
829 | only calling C<< ->recv >> from within that callback (or at a later |
829 | time). This will work even when the event loop does not support blocking |
830 | time). This will work even when the event loop does not support blocking |
830 | waits otherwise. |
831 | waits otherwise. |
831 | |
832 | |
832 | =item $bool = $cv->ready |
833 | =item $bool = $cv->ready |
… | |
… | |
837 | =item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv)) |
838 | =item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv)) |
838 | |
839 | |
839 | This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally |
840 | This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally |
840 | replaces it before doing so. |
841 | replaces it before doing so. |
841 | |
842 | |
842 | The callback will be called when the condition becomes (or already was) |
843 | The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when |
843 | "true", i.e. when C<send> or C<croak> are called (or were called), with |
844 | C<send> or C<croak> are called, with the only argument being the |
844 | the only argument being the condition variable itself. Calling C<recv> |
845 | condition variable itself. If the condition is already true, the |
|
|
846 | callback is called immediately when it is set. Calling C<recv> inside |
845 | inside the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block. |
847 | the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block. |
846 | |
848 | |
847 | =back |
849 | =back |
848 | |
850 | |
849 | =head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS |
851 | =head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS |
850 | |
852 | |
… | |
… | |
858 | use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own |
860 | use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own |
859 | pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with |
861 | pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with |
860 | AnyEvent itself. |
862 | AnyEvent itself. |
861 | |
863 | |
862 | AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice). |
864 | AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice). |
863 | AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable. |
865 | AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl AnyEvent::Loop, fast and portable. |
864 | |
866 | |
865 | =item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used. |
867 | =item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used. |
866 | |
868 | |
867 | These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher |
869 | These will be used if they are already loaded when the first watcher |
868 | is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using |
870 | is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using |
869 | them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend |
871 | them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend |
870 | when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to |
872 | when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to |
871 | create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program. |
873 | create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program. |
872 | |
874 | |
… | |
… | |
874 | AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable. |
876 | AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable. |
875 | AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken. |
877 | AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken. |
876 | AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. |
878 | AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. |
877 | AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. |
879 | AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. |
878 | AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi. |
880 | AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi. |
|
|
881 | AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync based on IO::Async. |
|
|
882 | AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa based on Cocoa::EventLoop. |
|
|
883 | AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK2 based on FLTK (fltk 2 binding). |
879 | |
884 | |
880 | =item Backends with special needs. |
885 | =item Backends with special needs. |
881 | |
886 | |
882 | Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will |
887 | Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will |
883 | otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program |
888 | otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program |
884 | instantiates the application before any AnyEvent watchers are created, |
889 | instantiates the application before any AnyEvent watchers are created, |
885 | everything should just work. |
890 | everything should just work. |
886 | |
891 | |
887 | AnyEvent::Impl::Qt based on Qt. |
892 | AnyEvent::Impl::Qt based on Qt. |
888 | |
893 | |
889 | Support for IO::Async can only be partial, as it is too broken and |
|
|
890 | architecturally limited to even support the AnyEvent API. It also |
|
|
891 | is the only event loop that needs the loop to be set explicitly, so |
|
|
892 | it can only be used by a main program knowing about AnyEvent. See |
|
|
893 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::Async> for the gory details. |
|
|
894 | |
|
|
895 | AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync based on IO::Async, cannot be autoprobed. |
|
|
896 | |
|
|
897 | =item Event loops that are indirectly supported via other backends. |
894 | =item Event loops that are indirectly supported via other backends. |
898 | |
895 | |
899 | Some event loops can be supported via other modules: |
896 | Some event loops can be supported via other modules: |
900 | |
897 | |
901 | There is no direct support for WxWidgets (L<Wx>) or L<Prima>. |
898 | There is no direct support for WxWidgets (L<Wx>) or L<Prima>. |
… | |
… | |
926 | Contains C<undef> until the first watcher is being created, before the |
923 | Contains C<undef> until the first watcher is being created, before the |
927 | backend has been autodetected. |
924 | backend has been autodetected. |
928 | |
925 | |
929 | Afterwards it contains the event model that is being used, which is the |
926 | Afterwards it contains the event model that is being used, which is the |
930 | name of the Perl class implementing the model. This class is usually one |
927 | name of the Perl class implementing the model. This class is usually one |
931 | of the C<AnyEvent::Impl:xxx> modules, but can be any other class in the |
928 | of the C<AnyEvent::Impl::xxx> modules, but can be any other class in the |
932 | case AnyEvent has been extended at runtime (e.g. in I<rxvt-unicode> it |
929 | case AnyEvent has been extended at runtime (e.g. in I<rxvt-unicode> it |
933 | will be C<urxvt::anyevent>). |
930 | will be C<urxvt::anyevent>). |
934 | |
931 | |
935 | =item AnyEvent::detect |
932 | =item AnyEvent::detect |
936 | |
933 | |
937 | Returns C<$AnyEvent::MODEL>, forcing autodetection of the event model |
934 | Returns C<$AnyEvent::MODEL>, forcing autodetection of the event model |
938 | if necessary. You should only call this function right before you would |
935 | if necessary. You should only call this function right before you would |
939 | have created an AnyEvent watcher anyway, that is, as late as possible at |
936 | have created an AnyEvent watcher anyway, that is, as late as possible at |
940 | runtime, and not e.g. while initialising of your module. |
937 | runtime, and not e.g. during initialisation of your module. |
|
|
938 | |
|
|
939 | The effect of calling this function is as if a watcher had been created |
|
|
940 | (specifically, actions that happen "when the first watcher is created" |
|
|
941 | happen when calling detetc as well). |
941 | |
942 | |
942 | If you need to do some initialisation before AnyEvent watchers are |
943 | If you need to do some initialisation before AnyEvent watchers are |
943 | created, use C<post_detect>. |
944 | created, use C<post_detect>. |
944 | |
945 | |
945 | =item $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK } |
946 | =item $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK } |
946 | |
947 | |
947 | Arranges for the code block to be executed as soon as the event model is |
948 | Arranges for the code block to be executed as soon as the event model is |
948 | autodetected (or immediately if this has already happened). |
949 | autodetected (or immediately if that has already happened). |
949 | |
950 | |
950 | The block will be executed I<after> the actual backend has been detected |
951 | The block will be executed I<after> the actual backend has been detected |
951 | (C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> is set), but I<before> any watchers have been |
952 | (C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> is set), but I<before> any watchers have been |
952 | created, so it is possible to e.g. patch C<@AnyEvent::ISA> or do |
953 | created, so it is possible to e.g. patch C<@AnyEvent::ISA> or do |
953 | other initialisations - see the sources of L<AnyEvent::Strict> or |
954 | other initialisations - see the sources of L<AnyEvent::Strict> or |
… | |
… | |
962 | that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed (or |
963 | that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed (or |
963 | C<undef> when the hook was immediately executed). See L<AnyEvent::AIO> for |
964 | C<undef> when the hook was immediately executed). See L<AnyEvent::AIO> for |
964 | a case where this is useful. |
965 | a case where this is useful. |
965 | |
966 | |
966 | Example: Create a watcher for the IO::AIO module and store it in |
967 | Example: Create a watcher for the IO::AIO module and store it in |
967 | C<$WATCHER>. Only do so after the event loop is initialised, though. |
968 | C<$WATCHER>, but do so only do so after the event loop is initialised. |
968 | |
969 | |
969 | our WATCHER; |
970 | our WATCHER; |
970 | |
971 | |
971 | my $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect { |
972 | my $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect { |
972 | $WATCHER = AnyEvent->io (fh => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, poll => 'r', cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb); |
973 | $WATCHER = AnyEvent->io (fh => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, poll => 'r', cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb); |
… | |
… | |
980 | $WATCHER ||= $guard; |
981 | $WATCHER ||= $guard; |
981 | |
982 | |
982 | =item @AnyEvent::post_detect |
983 | =item @AnyEvent::post_detect |
983 | |
984 | |
984 | If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it |
985 | If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it |
985 | before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will called directly after |
986 | before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will be called directly |
986 | the event loop has been chosen. |
987 | after the event loop has been chosen. |
987 | |
988 | |
988 | You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though: |
989 | You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though: |
989 | if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the |
990 | if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the |
990 | array will be ignored. |
991 | array will be ignored. |
991 | |
992 | |
… | |
… | |
1008 | # AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent |
1009 | # AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent |
1009 | # as soon as it is |
1010 | # as soon as it is |
1010 | push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent }; |
1011 | push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent }; |
1011 | } |
1012 | } |
1012 | |
1013 | |
|
|
1014 | =item AnyEvent::postpone { BLOCK } |
|
|
1015 | |
|
|
1016 | Arranges for the block to be executed as soon as possible, but not before |
|
|
1017 | the call itself returns. In practise, the block will be executed just |
|
|
1018 | before the event loop polls for new events, or shortly afterwards. |
|
|
1019 | |
|
|
1020 | This function never returns anything (to make the C<return postpone { ... |
|
|
1021 | }> idiom more useful. |
|
|
1022 | |
|
|
1023 | To understand the usefulness of this function, consider a function that |
|
|
1024 | asynchronously does something for you and returns some transaction |
|
|
1025 | object or guard to let you cancel the operation. For example, |
|
|
1026 | C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>: |
|
|
1027 | |
|
|
1028 | # start a conenction attempt unless one is active |
|
|
1029 | $self->{connect_guard} ||= AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect "www.example.net", 80, sub { |
|
|
1030 | delete $self->{connect_guard}; |
|
|
1031 | ... |
|
|
1032 | }; |
|
|
1033 | |
|
|
1034 | Imagine that this function could instantly call the callback, for |
|
|
1035 | example, because it detects an obvious error such as a negative port |
|
|
1036 | number. Invoking the callback before the function returns causes problems |
|
|
1037 | however: the callback will be called and will try to delete the guard |
|
|
1038 | object. But since the function hasn't returned yet, there is nothing to |
|
|
1039 | delete. When the function eventually returns it will assign the guard |
|
|
1040 | object to C<< $self->{connect_guard} >>, where it will likely never be |
|
|
1041 | deleted, so the program thinks it is still trying to connect. |
|
|
1042 | |
|
|
1043 | This is where C<AnyEvent::postpone> should be used. Instead of calling the |
|
|
1044 | callback directly on error: |
|
|
1045 | |
|
|
1046 | $cb->(undef), return # signal error to callback, BAD! |
|
|
1047 | if $some_error_condition; |
|
|
1048 | |
|
|
1049 | It should use C<postpone>: |
|
|
1050 | |
|
|
1051 | AnyEvent::postpone { $cb->(undef) }, return # signal error to callback, later |
|
|
1052 | if $some_error_condition; |
|
|
1053 | |
|
|
1054 | =item AnyEvent::log $level, $msg[, @args] |
|
|
1055 | |
|
|
1056 | Log the given C<$msg> at the given C<$level>. |
|
|
1057 | |
|
|
1058 | Loads AnyEvent::Log on first use and calls C<AnyEvent::Log::log> - |
|
|
1059 | consequently, look at the L<AnyEvent::Log> documentation for details. |
|
|
1060 | |
|
|
1061 | If you want to sprinkle loads of logging calls around your code, consider |
|
|
1062 | creating a logger callback with the C<AnyEvent::Log::logger> function. |
|
|
1063 | |
1013 | =back |
1064 | =back |
1014 | |
1065 | |
1015 | =head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE |
1066 | =head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE |
1016 | |
1067 | |
1017 | As a module author, you should C<use AnyEvent> and call AnyEvent methods |
1068 | As a module author, you should C<use AnyEvent> and call AnyEvent methods |
… | |
… | |
1027 | because it will stall the whole program, and the whole point of using |
1078 | because it will stall the whole program, and the whole point of using |
1028 | events is to stay interactive. |
1079 | events is to stay interactive. |
1029 | |
1080 | |
1030 | It is fine, however, to call C<< ->recv >> when the user of your module |
1081 | It is fine, however, to call C<< ->recv >> when the user of your module |
1031 | requests it (i.e. if you create a http request object ad have a method |
1082 | requests it (i.e. if you create a http request object ad have a method |
1032 | called C<results> that returns the results, it should call C<< ->recv >> |
1083 | called C<results> that returns the results, it may call C<< ->recv >> |
1033 | freely, as the user of your module knows what she is doing. always). |
1084 | freely, as the user of your module knows what she is doing. Always). |
1034 | |
1085 | |
1035 | =head1 WHAT TO DO IN THE MAIN PROGRAM |
1086 | =head1 WHAT TO DO IN THE MAIN PROGRAM |
1036 | |
1087 | |
1037 | There will always be a single main program - the only place that should |
1088 | There will always be a single main program - the only place that should |
1038 | dictate which event model to use. |
1089 | dictate which event model to use. |
1039 | |
1090 | |
1040 | If it doesn't care, it can just "use AnyEvent" and use it itself, or not |
1091 | If the program is not event-based, it need not do anything special, even |
1041 | do anything special (it does not need to be event-based) and let AnyEvent |
1092 | when it depends on a module that uses an AnyEvent. If the program itself |
1042 | decide which implementation to chose if some module relies on it. |
1093 | uses AnyEvent, but does not care which event loop is used, all it needs |
|
|
1094 | to do is C<use AnyEvent>. In either case, AnyEvent will choose the best |
|
|
1095 | available loop implementation. |
1043 | |
1096 | |
1044 | If the main program relies on a specific event model - for example, in |
1097 | If the main program relies on a specific event model - for example, in |
1045 | Gtk2 programs you have to rely on the Glib module - you should load the |
1098 | Gtk2 programs you have to rely on the Glib module - you should load the |
1046 | event module before loading AnyEvent or any module that uses it: generally |
1099 | event module before loading AnyEvent or any module that uses it: generally |
1047 | speaking, you should load it as early as possible. The reason is that |
1100 | speaking, you should load it as early as possible. The reason is that |
1048 | modules might create watchers when they are loaded, and AnyEvent will |
1101 | modules might create watchers when they are loaded, and AnyEvent will |
1049 | decide on the event model to use as soon as it creates watchers, and it |
1102 | decide on the event model to use as soon as it creates watchers, and it |
1050 | might chose the wrong one unless you load the correct one yourself. |
1103 | might choose the wrong one unless you load the correct one yourself. |
1051 | |
1104 | |
1052 | You can chose to use a pure-perl implementation by loading the |
1105 | You can chose to use a pure-perl implementation by loading the |
1053 | C<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl> module, which gives you similar behaviour |
1106 | C<AnyEvent::Loop> module, which gives you similar behaviour |
1054 | everywhere, but letting AnyEvent chose the model is generally better. |
1107 | everywhere, but letting AnyEvent chose the model is generally better. |
1055 | |
1108 | |
1056 | =head2 MAINLOOP EMULATION |
1109 | =head2 MAINLOOP EMULATION |
1057 | |
1110 | |
1058 | Sometimes (often for short test scripts, or even standalone programs who |
1111 | Sometimes (often for short test scripts, or even standalone programs who |
… | |
… | |
1071 | |
1124 | |
1072 | |
1125 | |
1073 | =head1 OTHER MODULES |
1126 | =head1 OTHER MODULES |
1074 | |
1127 | |
1075 | The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use |
1128 | The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use |
1076 | AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent |
1129 | AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other |
1077 | modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the modules |
1130 | AnyEvent modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the |
1078 | come as part of AnyEvent, the others are available via CPAN. |
1131 | modules come as part of AnyEvent, the others are available via CPAN (see |
|
|
1132 | L<http://search.cpan.org/search?m=module&q=anyevent%3A%3A*> for |
|
|
1133 | a longer non-exhaustive list), and the list is heavily biased towards |
|
|
1134 | modules of the AnyEvent author himself :) |
1079 | |
1135 | |
1080 | =over 4 |
1136 | =over 4 |
1081 | |
1137 | |
1082 | =item L<AnyEvent::Util> |
1138 | =item L<AnyEvent::Util> |
1083 | |
1139 | |
1084 | Contains various utility functions that replace often-used but blocking |
1140 | Contains various utility functions that replace often-used blocking |
1085 | functions such as C<inet_aton> by event-/callback-based versions. |
1141 | functions such as C<inet_aton> with event/callback-based versions. |
1086 | |
1142 | |
1087 | =item L<AnyEvent::Socket> |
1143 | =item L<AnyEvent::Socket> |
1088 | |
1144 | |
1089 | Provides various utility functions for (internet protocol) sockets, |
1145 | Provides various utility functions for (internet protocol) sockets, |
1090 | addresses and name resolution. Also functions to create non-blocking tcp |
1146 | addresses and name resolution. Also functions to create non-blocking tcp |
… | |
… | |
1092 | |
1148 | |
1093 | =item L<AnyEvent::Handle> |
1149 | =item L<AnyEvent::Handle> |
1094 | |
1150 | |
1095 | Provide read and write buffers, manages watchers for reads and writes, |
1151 | Provide read and write buffers, manages watchers for reads and writes, |
1096 | supports raw and formatted I/O, I/O queued and fully transparent and |
1152 | supports raw and formatted I/O, I/O queued and fully transparent and |
1097 | non-blocking SSL/TLS (via L<AnyEvent::TLS>. |
1153 | non-blocking SSL/TLS (via L<AnyEvent::TLS>). |
1098 | |
1154 | |
1099 | =item L<AnyEvent::DNS> |
1155 | =item L<AnyEvent::DNS> |
1100 | |
1156 | |
1101 | Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities. |
1157 | Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities. |
1102 | |
1158 | |
… | |
… | |
1110 | |
1166 | |
1111 | Here be danger! |
1167 | Here be danger! |
1112 | |
1168 | |
1113 | As Pauli would put it, "Not only is it not right, it's not even wrong!" - |
1169 | As Pauli would put it, "Not only is it not right, it's not even wrong!" - |
1114 | there are so many things wrong with AnyEvent::Handle::UDP, most notably |
1170 | there are so many things wrong with AnyEvent::Handle::UDP, most notably |
1115 | it's use of a stream-based API with a protocol that isn't streamable, that |
1171 | its use of a stream-based API with a protocol that isn't streamable, that |
1116 | the only way to improve it is to delete it. |
1172 | the only way to improve it is to delete it. |
1117 | |
1173 | |
1118 | It features data corruption (but typically only under load) and general |
1174 | It features data corruption (but typically only under load) and general |
1119 | confusion. On top, the author is not only clueless about UDP but also |
1175 | confusion. On top, the author is not only clueless about UDP but also |
1120 | fact-resistant - some gems of his understanding: "connect doesn't work |
1176 | fact-resistant - some gems of his understanding: "connect doesn't work |
… | |
… | |
1124 | wrong with his module when it is explained to him. |
1180 | wrong with his module when it is explained to him. |
1125 | |
1181 | |
1126 | =item L<AnyEvent::DBI> |
1182 | =item L<AnyEvent::DBI> |
1127 | |
1183 | |
1128 | Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you, |
1184 | Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you, |
1129 | notifying you in an event-bnased way when the operation is finished. |
1185 | notifying you in an event-based way when the operation is finished. |
1130 | |
1186 | |
1131 | =item L<AnyEvent::AIO> |
1187 | =item L<AnyEvent::AIO> |
1132 | |
1188 | |
1133 | Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the |
1189 | Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the |
1134 | toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses |
1190 | toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses |
… | |
… | |
1153 | |
1209 | |
1154 | package AnyEvent; |
1210 | package AnyEvent; |
1155 | |
1211 | |
1156 | # basically a tuned-down version of common::sense |
1212 | # basically a tuned-down version of common::sense |
1157 | sub common_sense { |
1213 | sub common_sense { |
1158 | # from common:.sense 1.0 |
1214 | # from common:.sense 3.4 |
1159 | ${^WARNING_BITS} = "\xfc\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf3\xcf\xc0\xf3\xfc\x33\x00"; |
1215 | ${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS} ^ "\x3c\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf0\x0f\xc0\xf0\xfc\x33\x00"; |
1160 | # use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl) |
1216 | # use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl) |
1161 | $^H |= 0x00000600; |
1217 | $^H |= 0x00000600; |
1162 | } |
1218 | } |
1163 | |
1219 | |
1164 | BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } |
1220 | BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } |
1165 | |
1221 | |
1166 | use Carp (); |
1222 | use Carp (); |
1167 | |
1223 | |
1168 | our $VERSION = '5.271'; |
1224 | our $VERSION = '6.01'; |
1169 | our $MODEL; |
1225 | our $MODEL; |
1170 | |
1226 | |
1171 | our $AUTOLOAD; |
|
|
1172 | our @ISA; |
1227 | our @ISA; |
1173 | |
1228 | |
1174 | our @REGISTRY; |
1229 | our @REGISTRY; |
1175 | |
1230 | |
1176 | our $VERBOSE; |
1231 | our $VERBOSE; |
… | |
… | |
1181 | eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}"; |
1236 | eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}"; |
1182 | |
1237 | |
1183 | delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV} |
1238 | delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV} |
1184 | if ${^TAINT}; |
1239 | if ${^TAINT}; |
1185 | |
1240 | |
|
|
1241 | $ENV{"PERL_ANYEVENT_$_"} = $ENV{"AE_$_"} |
|
|
1242 | for grep s/^AE_// && !exists $ENV{"PERL_ANYEVENT_$_"}, keys %ENV; |
|
|
1243 | |
|
|
1244 | @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV} = () |
|
|
1245 | if ${^TAINT}; |
|
|
1246 | |
1186 | $VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1; |
1247 | $VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1; |
1187 | |
|
|
1188 | } |
1248 | } |
1189 | |
1249 | |
1190 | our $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY = 10; |
1250 | our $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY = 10; |
1191 | |
1251 | |
1192 | our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4|ipv6) => (1|2), higher numbers are preferred |
1252 | our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4|ipv6) => (1|2), higher numbers are preferred |
… | |
… | |
1196 | $PROTOCOL{$_} = ++$idx |
1256 | $PROTOCOL{$_} = ++$idx |
1197 | for reverse split /\s*,\s*/, |
1257 | for reverse split /\s*,\s*/, |
1198 | $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; |
1258 | $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; |
1199 | } |
1259 | } |
1200 | |
1260 | |
|
|
1261 | our @post_detect; |
|
|
1262 | |
|
|
1263 | sub post_detect(&) { |
|
|
1264 | my ($cb) = @_; |
|
|
1265 | |
|
|
1266 | push @post_detect, $cb; |
|
|
1267 | |
|
|
1268 | defined wantarray |
|
|
1269 | ? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect" |
|
|
1270 | : () |
|
|
1271 | } |
|
|
1272 | |
|
|
1273 | sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY { |
|
|
1274 | @post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect; |
|
|
1275 | } |
|
|
1276 | |
|
|
1277 | our $POSTPONE_W; |
|
|
1278 | our @POSTPONE; |
|
|
1279 | |
|
|
1280 | sub _postpone_exec { |
|
|
1281 | undef $POSTPONE_W; |
|
|
1282 | |
|
|
1283 | &{ shift @POSTPONE } |
|
|
1284 | while @POSTPONE; |
|
|
1285 | } |
|
|
1286 | |
|
|
1287 | sub postpone(&) { |
|
|
1288 | push @POSTPONE, shift; |
|
|
1289 | |
|
|
1290 | $POSTPONE_W ||= AE::timer (0, 0, \&_postpone_exec); |
|
|
1291 | |
|
|
1292 | () |
|
|
1293 | } |
|
|
1294 | |
|
|
1295 | sub log($$;@) { |
|
|
1296 | # only load the bug bloated module when we actually are about to log something |
|
|
1297 | if ($_[0] <= $VERBOSE) { |
|
|
1298 | require AnyEvent::Log; |
|
|
1299 | # AnyEvent::Log overwrites this function |
|
|
1300 | goto &log; |
|
|
1301 | } |
|
|
1302 | } |
|
|
1303 | |
|
|
1304 | if (length $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG}) { |
|
|
1305 | require AnyEvent::Log; # AnyEvent::Log does the thing for us |
|
|
1306 | } |
|
|
1307 | |
1201 | my @models = ( |
1308 | our @models = ( |
1202 | [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1], |
1309 | [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1], |
1203 | [AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1], |
1310 | [AnyEvent::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1], |
1204 | # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed |
1311 | # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed |
1205 | # as the pureperl backend should work everywhere |
1312 | # as the pure perl backend should work everywhere |
1206 | # and is usually faster |
1313 | # and is usually faster |
1207 | [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1], |
1314 | [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1], |
1208 | [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers |
1315 | [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers |
1209 | [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy |
1316 | [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy |
1210 | [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package |
1317 | [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package |
1211 | [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles |
1318 | [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles |
1212 | [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program |
1319 | [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program |
1213 | [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza |
1320 | [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza |
1214 | [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1321 | [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1215 | [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1322 | [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], |
1216 | # IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its |
1323 | [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # a bitch to autodetect |
1217 | # byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others. |
1324 | [Cocoa::EventLoop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa::], |
1218 | # IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any |
1325 | [FLTK:: => AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK2::], |
1219 | # obvious default class. |
|
|
1220 | [IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
|
|
1221 | [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
|
|
1222 | [IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
|
|
1223 | [AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program |
|
|
1224 | ); |
1326 | ); |
1225 | |
1327 | |
1226 | our %method = map +($_ => 1), |
1328 | our @isa_hook; |
|
|
1329 | |
|
|
1330 | sub _isa_set { |
|
|
1331 | my @pkg = ("AnyEvent", (map $_->[0], grep defined, @isa_hook), $MODEL); |
|
|
1332 | |
|
|
1333 | @{"$pkg[$_-1]::ISA"} = $pkg[$_] |
|
|
1334 | for 1 .. $#pkg; |
|
|
1335 | |
|
|
1336 | grep $_ && $_->[1], @isa_hook |
|
|
1337 | and AE::_reset (); |
|
|
1338 | } |
|
|
1339 | |
|
|
1340 | # used for hooking AnyEvent::Strict and AnyEvent::Debug::Wrap into the class hierarchy |
|
|
1341 | sub _isa_hook($$;$) { |
|
|
1342 | my ($i, $pkg, $reset_ae) = @_; |
|
|
1343 | |
|
|
1344 | $isa_hook[$i] = $pkg ? [$pkg, $reset_ae] : undef; |
|
|
1345 | |
|
|
1346 | _isa_set; |
|
|
1347 | } |
|
|
1348 | |
|
|
1349 | # all autoloaded methods reserve the complete glob, not just the method slot. |
|
|
1350 | # due to bugs in perls method cache implementation. |
1227 | qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY); |
1351 | our @methods = qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar); |
1228 | |
|
|
1229 | our @post_detect; |
|
|
1230 | |
|
|
1231 | sub post_detect(&) { |
|
|
1232 | my ($cb) = @_; |
|
|
1233 | |
|
|
1234 | push @post_detect, $cb; |
|
|
1235 | |
|
|
1236 | defined wantarray |
|
|
1237 | ? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect" |
|
|
1238 | : () |
|
|
1239 | } |
|
|
1240 | |
|
|
1241 | sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY { |
|
|
1242 | @post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect; |
|
|
1243 | } |
|
|
1244 | |
1352 | |
1245 | sub detect() { |
1353 | sub detect() { |
|
|
1354 | return $MODEL if $MODEL; # some programs keep references to detect |
|
|
1355 | |
|
|
1356 | local $!; # for good measure |
|
|
1357 | local $SIG{__DIE__}; # we use eval |
|
|
1358 | |
1246 | # free some memory |
1359 | # free some memory |
1247 | *detect = sub () { $MODEL }; |
1360 | *detect = sub () { $MODEL }; |
|
|
1361 | # undef &func doesn't correctly update the method cache. grmbl. |
|
|
1362 | # so we delete the whole glob. grmbl. |
|
|
1363 | # otoh, perl doesn't let me undef an active usb, but it lets me free |
|
|
1364 | # a glob with an active sub. hrm. i hope it works, but perl is |
|
|
1365 | # usually buggy in this department. sigh. |
|
|
1366 | delete @{"AnyEvent::"}{@methods}; |
|
|
1367 | undef @methods; |
1248 | |
1368 | |
1249 | local $!; # for good measure |
|
|
1250 | local $SIG{__DIE__}; |
|
|
1251 | |
|
|
1252 | if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) { |
1369 | if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9:]+)$/) { |
1253 | my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1"; |
1370 | my $model = $1; |
|
|
1371 | $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$model" unless $model =~ s/::$//; |
1254 | if (eval "require $model") { |
1372 | if (eval "require $model") { |
|
|
1373 | AnyEvent::log 7 => "loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it."; |
1255 | $MODEL = $model; |
1374 | $MODEL = $model; |
1256 | warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2; |
|
|
1257 | } else { |
1375 | } else { |
1258 | warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE; |
1376 | AnyEvent::log warn => "unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@"; |
1259 | } |
1377 | } |
1260 | } |
1378 | } |
1261 | |
1379 | |
1262 | # check for already loaded models |
1380 | # check for already loaded models |
1263 | unless ($MODEL) { |
1381 | unless ($MODEL) { |
1264 | for (@REGISTRY, @models) { |
1382 | for (@REGISTRY, @models) { |
1265 | my ($package, $model) = @$_; |
1383 | my ($package, $model) = @$_; |
1266 | if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) { |
1384 | if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) { |
1267 | if (eval "require $model") { |
1385 | if (eval "require $model") { |
|
|
1386 | AnyEvent::log 7 => "autodetected model '$model', using it."; |
1268 | $MODEL = $model; |
1387 | $MODEL = $model; |
1269 | warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2; |
|
|
1270 | last; |
1388 | last; |
1271 | } |
1389 | } |
1272 | } |
1390 | } |
1273 | } |
1391 | } |
1274 | |
1392 | |
… | |
… | |
1280 | $autoload |
1398 | $autoload |
1281 | and eval "require $package" |
1399 | and eval "require $package" |
1282 | and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0 |
1400 | and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0 |
1283 | and eval "require $model" |
1401 | and eval "require $model" |
1284 | ) { |
1402 | ) { |
|
|
1403 | AnyEvent::log 7 => "autoloaded model '$model', using it."; |
1285 | $MODEL = $model; |
1404 | $MODEL = $model; |
1286 | warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2; |
|
|
1287 | last; |
1405 | last; |
1288 | } |
1406 | } |
1289 | } |
1407 | } |
1290 | |
1408 | |
1291 | $MODEL |
1409 | $MODEL |
1292 | or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n"; |
1410 | or die "AnyEvent: backend autodetection failed - did you properly install AnyEvent?"; |
1293 | } |
1411 | } |
1294 | } |
1412 | } |
1295 | |
1413 | |
1296 | @models = (); # free probe data |
1414 | # free memory only needed for probing |
|
|
1415 | undef @models; |
|
|
1416 | undef @REGISTRY; |
1297 | |
1417 | |
1298 | push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base"; |
1418 | push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base"; |
1299 | unshift @ISA, $MODEL; |
|
|
1300 | |
1419 | |
1301 | # now nuke some methods that are overriden by the backend. |
1420 | # now nuke some methods that are overridden by the backend. |
1302 | # SUPER is not allowed. |
1421 | # SUPER usage is not allowed in these. |
1303 | for (qw(time signal child idle)) { |
1422 | for (qw(time signal child idle)) { |
1304 | undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"} |
1423 | undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"} |
1305 | if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"}; |
1424 | if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"}; |
1306 | } |
1425 | } |
1307 | |
1426 | |
1308 | require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT}; |
1427 | _isa_set; |
|
|
1428 | |
|
|
1429 | # we're officially open! |
|
|
1430 | |
|
|
1431 | if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT}) { |
|
|
1432 | require AnyEvent::Strict; |
|
|
1433 | } |
|
|
1434 | |
|
|
1435 | if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP}) { |
|
|
1436 | require AnyEvent::Debug; |
|
|
1437 | AnyEvent::Debug::wrap ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP}); |
|
|
1438 | } |
|
|
1439 | |
|
|
1440 | if (length $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL}) { |
|
|
1441 | require AnyEvent::Socket; |
|
|
1442 | require AnyEvent::Debug; |
|
|
1443 | |
|
|
1444 | my $shell = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL}; |
|
|
1445 | $shell =~ s/\$\$/$$/g; |
|
|
1446 | |
|
|
1447 | my ($host, $service) = AnyEvent::Socket::parse_hostport ($shell); |
|
|
1448 | $AnyEvent::Debug::SHELL = AnyEvent::Debug::shell ($host, $service); |
|
|
1449 | } |
|
|
1450 | |
|
|
1451 | # now the anyevent environment is set up as the user told us to, so |
|
|
1452 | # call the actual user code - post detects |
1309 | |
1453 | |
1310 | (shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect; |
1454 | (shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect; |
|
|
1455 | undef @post_detect; |
1311 | |
1456 | |
1312 | *post_detect = sub(&) { |
1457 | *post_detect = sub(&) { |
1313 | shift->(); |
1458 | shift->(); |
1314 | |
1459 | |
1315 | undef |
1460 | undef |
1316 | }; |
1461 | }; |
1317 | |
1462 | |
1318 | $MODEL |
1463 | $MODEL |
1319 | } |
1464 | } |
1320 | |
1465 | |
1321 | sub AUTOLOAD { |
1466 | for my $name (@methods) { |
1322 | (my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://; |
1467 | *$name = sub { |
1323 | |
|
|
1324 | $method{$func} |
|
|
1325 | or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid AnyEvent class method"; |
|
|
1326 | |
|
|
1327 | detect; |
1468 | detect; |
1328 | |
1469 | # we use goto because |
1329 | my $class = shift; |
1470 | # a) it makes the thunk more transparent |
1330 | $class->$func (@_); |
1471 | # b) it allows us to delete the thunk later |
|
|
1472 | goto &{ UNIVERSAL::can AnyEvent => "SUPER::$name" } |
|
|
1473 | }; |
1331 | } |
1474 | } |
1332 | |
1475 | |
1333 | # utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends |
1476 | # utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends |
1334 | # to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually |
1477 | # to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually |
1335 | # allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one). |
1478 | # allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one). |
… | |
… | |
1359 | |
1502 | |
1360 | package AE; |
1503 | package AE; |
1361 | |
1504 | |
1362 | our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION; |
1505 | our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION; |
1363 | |
1506 | |
|
|
1507 | sub _reset() { |
|
|
1508 | eval q{ |
1364 | # fall back to the main API by default - backends and AnyEvent::Base |
1509 | # fall back to the main API by default - backends and AnyEvent::Base |
1365 | # implementations can overwrite these. |
1510 | # implementations can overwrite these. |
1366 | |
1511 | |
1367 | sub io($$$) { |
1512 | sub io($$$) { |
1368 | AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2]) |
1513 | AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2]) |
1369 | } |
1514 | } |
1370 | |
1515 | |
1371 | sub timer($$$) { |
1516 | sub timer($$$) { |
1372 | AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2]) |
1517 | AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2]) |
1373 | } |
1518 | } |
1374 | |
1519 | |
1375 | sub signal($$) { |
1520 | sub signal($$) { |
1376 | AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) |
1521 | AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) |
1377 | } |
1522 | } |
1378 | |
1523 | |
1379 | sub child($$) { |
1524 | sub child($$) { |
1380 | AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) |
1525 | AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1]) |
1381 | } |
1526 | } |
1382 | |
1527 | |
1383 | sub idle($) { |
1528 | sub idle($) { |
1384 | AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0]) |
1529 | AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0]); |
1385 | } |
1530 | } |
1386 | |
1531 | |
1387 | sub cv(;&) { |
1532 | sub cv(;&) { |
1388 | AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ()) |
1533 | AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ()) |
1389 | } |
1534 | } |
1390 | |
1535 | |
1391 | sub now() { |
1536 | sub now() { |
1392 | AnyEvent->now |
1537 | AnyEvent->now |
1393 | } |
1538 | } |
1394 | |
1539 | |
1395 | sub now_update() { |
1540 | sub now_update() { |
1396 | AnyEvent->now_update |
1541 | AnyEvent->now_update |
1397 | } |
1542 | } |
1398 | |
1543 | |
1399 | sub time() { |
1544 | sub time() { |
1400 | AnyEvent->time |
1545 | AnyEvent->time |
|
|
1546 | } |
|
|
1547 | |
|
|
1548 | *postpone = \&AnyEvent::postpone; |
|
|
1549 | *log = \&AnyEvent::log; |
|
|
1550 | }; |
|
|
1551 | die if $@; |
1401 | } |
1552 | } |
|
|
1553 | |
|
|
1554 | BEGIN { _reset } |
1402 | |
1555 | |
1403 | package AnyEvent::Base; |
1556 | package AnyEvent::Base; |
1404 | |
1557 | |
1405 | # default implementations for many methods |
1558 | # default implementations for many methods |
1406 | |
1559 | |
1407 | sub time { |
1560 | sub time { |
1408 | eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} |
1561 | eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} |
1409 | # probe for availability of Time::HiRes |
1562 | # probe for availability of Time::HiRes |
1410 | if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") { |
1563 | if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") { |
1411 | warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1564 | AnyEvent::log 8 => "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy." |
|
|
1565 | if $AnyEvent::VERBOSE >= 8; |
|
|
1566 | *time = sub { Time::HiRes::time () }; |
1412 | *AE::time = \&Time::HiRes::time; |
1567 | *AE::time = \& Time::HiRes::time ; |
1413 | # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())... |
1568 | # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())... |
1414 | } else { |
1569 | } else { |
1415 | warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE; |
1570 | AnyEvent::log critical => "using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!"; |
|
|
1571 | *time = sub { CORE::time }; |
1416 | *AE::time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail |
1572 | *AE::time = sub (){ CORE::time }; |
1417 | } |
1573 | } |
1418 | |
1574 | |
1419 | *time = sub { AE::time }; # different prototypes |
1575 | *now = \&time; |
1420 | }; |
1576 | }; |
1421 | die if $@; |
1577 | die if $@; |
1422 | |
1578 | |
1423 | &time |
1579 | &time |
1424 | } |
1580 | } |
1425 | |
1581 | |
1426 | *now = \&time; |
1582 | *now = \&time; |
1427 | |
|
|
1428 | sub now_update { } |
1583 | sub now_update { } |
1429 | |
1584 | |
|
|
1585 | sub _poll { |
|
|
1586 | Carp::croak "$AnyEvent::MODEL does not support blocking waits. Caught"; |
|
|
1587 | } |
|
|
1588 | |
1430 | # default implementation for ->condvar |
1589 | # default implementation for ->condvar |
|
|
1590 | # in fact, the default should not be overwritten |
1431 | |
1591 | |
1432 | sub condvar { |
1592 | sub condvar { |
1433 | eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} |
1593 | eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} |
1434 | *condvar = sub { |
1594 | *condvar = sub { |
1435 | bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar" |
1595 | bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar" |
… | |
… | |
1513 | |
1673 | |
1514 | sub signal { |
1674 | sub signal { |
1515 | eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} |
1675 | eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} |
1516 | # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt |
1676 | # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt |
1517 | if (_have_async_interrupt) { |
1677 | if (_have_async_interrupt) { |
1518 | warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1678 | AnyEvent::log 8 => "using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling." |
|
|
1679 | if $AnyEvent::VERBOSE >= 8; |
1519 | |
1680 | |
1520 | $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe; |
1681 | $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe; |
1521 | $SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec; |
1682 | $SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec; |
1522 | |
1683 | |
1523 | } else { |
1684 | } else { |
1524 | warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; |
1685 | AnyEvent::log 8 => "using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer." |
|
|
1686 | if $AnyEvent::VERBOSE >= 8; |
1525 | |
1687 | |
1526 | if (AnyEvent::WIN32) { |
1688 | if (AnyEvent::WIN32) { |
1527 | require AnyEvent::Util; |
1689 | require AnyEvent::Util; |
1528 | |
1690 | |
1529 | ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe (); |
1691 | ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe (); |
… | |
… | |
1605 | : sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9; |
1767 | : sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9; |
1606 | |
1768 | |
1607 | while (%SIG_EV) { |
1769 | while (%SIG_EV) { |
1608 | for (keys %SIG_EV) { |
1770 | for (keys %SIG_EV) { |
1609 | delete $SIG_EV{$_}; |
1771 | delete $SIG_EV{$_}; |
1610 | $_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} }; |
1772 | &$_ for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} || {} }; |
1611 | } |
1773 | } |
1612 | } |
1774 | } |
1613 | }; |
1775 | }; |
1614 | }; |
1776 | }; |
1615 | die if $@; |
1777 | die if $@; |
… | |
… | |
1620 | # default implementation for ->child |
1782 | # default implementation for ->child |
1621 | |
1783 | |
1622 | our %PID_CB; |
1784 | our %PID_CB; |
1623 | our $CHLD_W; |
1785 | our $CHLD_W; |
1624 | our $CHLD_DELAY_W; |
1786 | our $CHLD_DELAY_W; |
1625 | our $WNOHANG; |
|
|
1626 | |
1787 | |
1627 | # used by many Impl's |
1788 | # used by many Impl's |
1628 | sub _emit_childstatus($$) { |
1789 | sub _emit_childstatus($$) { |
1629 | my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_; |
1790 | my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_; |
1630 | |
1791 | |
… | |
… | |
1637 | eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} |
1798 | eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} |
1638 | *_sigchld = sub { |
1799 | *_sigchld = sub { |
1639 | my $pid; |
1800 | my $pid; |
1640 | |
1801 | |
1641 | AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?) |
1802 | AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?) |
1642 | while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0; |
1803 | while ($pid = waitpid -1, WNOHANG) > 0; |
1643 | }; |
1804 | }; |
1644 | |
1805 | |
1645 | *child = sub { |
1806 | *child = sub { |
1646 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1807 | my (undef, %arg) = @_; |
1647 | |
1808 | |
1648 | defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0) |
1809 | my $pid = $arg{pid}; |
1649 | or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing"; |
1810 | my $cb = $arg{cb}; |
1650 | |
1811 | |
1651 | $PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb}; |
1812 | $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb+0} = $cb; |
1652 | |
|
|
1653 | # WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere |
|
|
1654 | $WNOHANG ||= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd|netbsd|linux|freebsd|cygwin|MSWin32)$/ |
|
|
1655 | ? 1 |
|
|
1656 | : eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } || 1; |
|
|
1657 | |
1813 | |
1658 | unless ($CHLD_W) { |
1814 | unless ($CHLD_W) { |
1659 | $CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld; |
1815 | $CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld; |
1660 | # child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round |
1816 | # child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round |
1661 | &_sigchld; |
1817 | &_sigchld; |
1662 | } |
1818 | } |
1663 | |
1819 | |
1664 | bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child" |
1820 | bless [$pid, $cb+0], "AnyEvent::Base::child" |
1665 | }; |
1821 | }; |
1666 | |
1822 | |
1667 | *AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY = sub { |
1823 | *AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY = sub { |
1668 | my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]}; |
1824 | my ($pid, $icb) = @{$_[0]}; |
1669 | |
1825 | |
1670 | delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb}; |
1826 | delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$icb}; |
1671 | delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} }; |
1827 | delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} }; |
1672 | |
1828 | |
1673 | undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB; |
1829 | undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB; |
1674 | }; |
1830 | }; |
1675 | }; |
1831 | }; |
… | |
… | |
1688 | |
1844 | |
1689 | my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb}; |
1845 | my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb}; |
1690 | |
1846 | |
1691 | $rcb = sub { |
1847 | $rcb = sub { |
1692 | if ($cb) { |
1848 | if ($cb) { |
1693 | $w = _time; |
1849 | $w = AE::time; |
1694 | &$cb; |
1850 | &$cb; |
1695 | $w = _time - $w; |
1851 | $w = AE::time - $w; |
1696 | |
1852 | |
1697 | # never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher, |
1853 | # never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher, |
1698 | # within some limits |
1854 | # within some limits |
1699 | $w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001; |
1855 | $w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001; |
1700 | $w = 5 if $w > 5; |
1856 | $w = 5 if $w > 5; |
… | |
… | |
1723 | |
1879 | |
1724 | package AnyEvent::CondVar; |
1880 | package AnyEvent::CondVar; |
1725 | |
1881 | |
1726 | our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::; |
1882 | our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::; |
1727 | |
1883 | |
|
|
1884 | # only to be used for subclassing |
|
|
1885 | sub new { |
|
|
1886 | my $class = shift; |
|
|
1887 | bless AnyEvent->condvar (@_), $class |
|
|
1888 | } |
|
|
1889 | |
1728 | package AnyEvent::CondVar::Base; |
1890 | package AnyEvent::CondVar::Base; |
1729 | |
1891 | |
1730 | #use overload |
1892 | #use overload |
1731 | # '&{}' => sub { my $self = shift; sub { $self->send (@_) } }, |
1893 | # '&{}' => sub { my $self = shift; sub { $self->send (@_) } }, |
1732 | # fallback => 1; |
1894 | # fallback => 1; |
… | |
… | |
1741 | |
1903 | |
1742 | sub _send { |
1904 | sub _send { |
1743 | # nop |
1905 | # nop |
1744 | } |
1906 | } |
1745 | |
1907 | |
|
|
1908 | sub _wait { |
|
|
1909 | AnyEvent->_poll until $_[0]{_ae_sent}; |
|
|
1910 | } |
|
|
1911 | |
1746 | sub send { |
1912 | sub send { |
1747 | my $cv = shift; |
1913 | my $cv = shift; |
1748 | $cv->{_ae_sent} = [@_]; |
1914 | $cv->{_ae_sent} = [@_]; |
1749 | (delete $cv->{_ae_cb})->($cv) if $cv->{_ae_cb}; |
1915 | (delete $cv->{_ae_cb})->($cv) if $cv->{_ae_cb}; |
1750 | $cv->_send; |
1916 | $cv->_send; |
… | |
… | |
1757 | |
1923 | |
1758 | sub ready { |
1924 | sub ready { |
1759 | $_[0]{_ae_sent} |
1925 | $_[0]{_ae_sent} |
1760 | } |
1926 | } |
1761 | |
1927 | |
1762 | sub _wait { |
|
|
1763 | $WAITING |
|
|
1764 | and !$_[0]{_ae_sent} |
|
|
1765 | and Carp::croak "AnyEvent::CondVar: recursive blocking wait detected"; |
|
|
1766 | |
|
|
1767 | local $WAITING = 1; |
|
|
1768 | AnyEvent->one_event while !$_[0]{_ae_sent}; |
|
|
1769 | } |
|
|
1770 | |
|
|
1771 | sub recv { |
1928 | sub recv { |
|
|
1929 | unless ($_[0]{_ae_sent}) { |
|
|
1930 | $WAITING |
|
|
1931 | and Carp::croak "AnyEvent::CondVar: recursive blocking wait attempted"; |
|
|
1932 | |
|
|
1933 | local $WAITING = 1; |
1772 | $_[0]->_wait; |
1934 | $_[0]->_wait; |
|
|
1935 | } |
1773 | |
1936 | |
1774 | Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak}; |
1937 | $_[0]{_ae_croak} |
1775 | wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0] |
1938 | and Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak}; |
|
|
1939 | |
|
|
1940 | wantarray |
|
|
1941 | ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } |
|
|
1942 | : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0] |
1776 | } |
1943 | } |
1777 | |
1944 | |
1778 | sub cb { |
1945 | sub cb { |
1779 | my $cv = shift; |
1946 | my $cv = shift; |
1780 | |
1947 | |
… | |
… | |
1796 | &{ $_[0]{_ae_end_cb} || sub { $_[0]->send } }; |
1963 | &{ $_[0]{_ae_end_cb} || sub { $_[0]->send } }; |
1797 | } |
1964 | } |
1798 | |
1965 | |
1799 | # undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4 |
1966 | # undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4 |
1800 | *broadcast = \&send; |
1967 | *broadcast = \&send; |
1801 | *wait = \&_wait; |
1968 | *wait = \&recv; |
1802 | |
1969 | |
1803 | =head1 ERROR AND EXCEPTION HANDLING |
1970 | =head1 ERROR AND EXCEPTION HANDLING |
1804 | |
1971 | |
1805 | In general, AnyEvent does not do any error handling - it relies on the |
1972 | In general, AnyEvent does not do any error handling - it relies on the |
1806 | caller to do that if required. The L<AnyEvent::Strict> module (see also |
1973 | caller to do that if required. The L<AnyEvent::Strict> module (see also |
… | |
… | |
1818 | $Event/EV::DIED->() >>, L<Glib> uses C<< install_exception_handler >> and |
1985 | $Event/EV::DIED->() >>, L<Glib> uses C<< install_exception_handler >> and |
1819 | so on. |
1986 | so on. |
1820 | |
1987 | |
1821 | =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES |
1988 | =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES |
1822 | |
1989 | |
1823 | The following environment variables are used by this module or its |
1990 | AnyEvent supports a number of environment variables that tune the |
1824 | submodules. |
1991 | runtime behaviour. They are usually evaluated when AnyEvent is |
|
|
1992 | loaded, initialised, or a submodule that uses them is loaded. Many of |
|
|
1993 | them also cause AnyEvent to load additional modules - for example, |
|
|
1994 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP> causes the L<AnyEvent::Debug> module to be |
|
|
1995 | loaded. |
1825 | |
1996 | |
1826 | Note that AnyEvent will remove I<all> environment variables starting with |
1997 | All the environment variables documented here start with |
1827 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_> from C<%ENV> when it is loaded while taint mode is |
1998 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_>, which is what AnyEvent considers its own |
1828 | enabled. |
1999 | namespace. Other modules are encouraged (but by no means required) to use |
|
|
2000 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_SUBMODULE> if they have registered the AnyEvent::Submodule |
|
|
2001 | namespace on CPAN, for any submodule. For example, L<AnyEvent::HTTP> could |
|
|
2002 | be expected to use C<PERL_ANYEVENT_HTTP_PROXY> (it should not access env |
|
|
2003 | variables starting with C<AE_>, see below). |
|
|
2004 | |
|
|
2005 | All variables can also be set via the C<AE_> prefix, that is, instead |
|
|
2006 | of setting C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> you can also set C<AE_VERBOSE>. In |
|
|
2007 | case there is a clash btween anyevent and another program that uses |
|
|
2008 | C<AE_something> you can set the corresponding C<PERL_ANYEVENT_something> |
|
|
2009 | variable to the empty string, as those variables take precedence. |
|
|
2010 | |
|
|
2011 | When AnyEvent is first loaded, it copies all C<AE_xxx> env variables |
|
|
2012 | to their C<PERL_ANYEVENT_xxx> counterpart unless that variable already |
|
|
2013 | exists. If taint mode is on, then AnyEvent will remove I<all> environment |
|
|
2014 | variables starting with C<PERL_ANYEVENT_> from C<%ENV> (or replace them |
|
|
2015 | with C<undef> or the empty string, if the corresaponding C<AE_> variable |
|
|
2016 | is set). |
|
|
2017 | |
|
|
2018 | The exact algorithm is currently: |
|
|
2019 | |
|
|
2020 | 1. if taint mode enabled, delete all PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz variables from %ENV |
|
|
2021 | 2. copy over AE_xyz to PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz unless the latter alraedy exists |
|
|
2022 | 3. if taint mode enabled, set all PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz variables to undef. |
|
|
2023 | |
|
|
2024 | This ensures that child processes will not see the C<AE_> variables. |
|
|
2025 | |
|
|
2026 | The following environment variables are currently known to AnyEvent: |
1829 | |
2027 | |
1830 | =over 4 |
2028 | =over 4 |
1831 | |
2029 | |
1832 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> |
2030 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> |
1833 | |
2031 | |
1834 | By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal |
2032 | By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal |
1835 | conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more |
2033 | conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more |
1836 | talkative. |
2034 | talkative. If you want to do more than just set the global logging level |
|
|
2035 | you should have a look at C<PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG>, which allows much more |
|
|
2036 | complex specifications. |
1837 | |
2037 | |
1838 | When set to C<1> or higher, causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected |
2038 | When set to C<5> or higher, causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected |
1839 | conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by |
2039 | conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by |
1840 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>. |
2040 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>. |
1841 | |
2041 | |
1842 | When set to C<2> or higher, cause AnyEvent to report to STDERR which event |
2042 | When set to C<7> or higher, cause AnyEvent to report to STDERR which event |
1843 | model it chooses. |
2043 | model it chooses. |
1844 | |
2044 | |
1845 | When set to C<8> or higher, then AnyEvent will report extra information on |
2045 | When set to C<8> or higher, then AnyEvent will report extra information on |
1846 | which optional modules it loads and how it implements certain features. |
2046 | which optional modules it loads and how it implements certain features. |
|
|
2047 | |
|
|
2048 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG> |
|
|
2049 | |
|
|
2050 | Accepts rather complex logging specifications. For example, you could log |
|
|
2051 | all C<debug> messages of some module to stderr, warnings and above to |
|
|
2052 | stderr, and errors and above to syslog, with: |
|
|
2053 | |
|
|
2054 | PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG=Some::Module=debug,+log:filter=warn,+%syslog:%syslog=error,syslog |
|
|
2055 | |
|
|
2056 | For the rather extensive details, see L<AnyEvent::Log>. |
|
|
2057 | |
|
|
2058 | Note that specifying this environment variable causes the L<AnyEvent::Log> |
|
|
2059 | module to be loaded, while C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> does not, so only |
|
|
2060 | using the latter saves a few hundred kB of memory until the first message |
|
|
2061 | is being logged. |
1847 | |
2062 | |
1848 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT> |
2063 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT> |
1849 | |
2064 | |
1850 | AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough |
2065 | AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough |
1851 | argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value |
2066 | argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value |
… | |
… | |
1853 | check the arguments passed to most method calls. If it finds any problems, |
2068 | check the arguments passed to most method calls. If it finds any problems, |
1854 | it will croak. |
2069 | it will croak. |
1855 | |
2070 | |
1856 | In other words, enables "strict" mode. |
2071 | In other words, enables "strict" mode. |
1857 | |
2072 | |
1858 | Unlike C<use strict> (or it's modern cousin, C<< use L<common::sense> |
2073 | Unlike C<use strict> (or its modern cousin, C<< use L<common::sense> |
1859 | >>, it is definitely recommended to keep it off in production. Keeping |
2074 | >>, it is definitely recommended to keep it off in production. Keeping |
1860 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while developing programs |
2075 | C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while developing programs |
1861 | can be very useful, however. |
2076 | can be very useful, however. |
1862 | |
2077 | |
|
|
2078 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL> |
|
|
2079 | |
|
|
2080 | If this env variable is set, then its contents will be interpreted by |
|
|
2081 | C<AnyEvent::Socket::parse_hostport> (after replacing every occurance of |
|
|
2082 | C<$$> by the process pid) and an C<AnyEvent::Debug::shell> is bound on |
|
|
2083 | that port. The shell object is saved in C<$AnyEvent::Debug::SHELL>. |
|
|
2084 | |
|
|
2085 | This takes place when the first watcher is created. |
|
|
2086 | |
|
|
2087 | For example, to bind a debug shell on a unix domain socket in |
|
|
2088 | F<< /tmp/debug<pid>.sock >>, you could use this: |
|
|
2089 | |
|
|
2090 | PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL=/tmp/debug\$\$.sock perlprog |
|
|
2091 | |
|
|
2092 | Note that creating sockets in F</tmp> is very unsafe on multiuser |
|
|
2093 | systems. |
|
|
2094 | |
|
|
2095 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP> |
|
|
2096 | |
|
|
2097 | Can be set to C<0>, C<1> or C<2> and enables wrapping of all watchers for |
|
|
2098 | debugging purposes. See C<AnyEvent::Debug::wrap> for details. |
|
|
2099 | |
1863 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL> |
2100 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL> |
1864 | |
2101 | |
1865 | This can be used to specify the event model to be used by AnyEvent, before |
2102 | This can be used to specify the event model to be used by AnyEvent, before |
1866 | auto detection and -probing kicks in. It must be a string consisting |
2103 | auto detection and -probing kicks in. |
1867 | entirely of ASCII letters. The string C<AnyEvent::Impl::> gets prepended |
2104 | |
|
|
2105 | It normally is a string consisting entirely of ASCII letters (e.g. C<EV> |
|
|
2106 | or C<IOAsync>). The string C<AnyEvent::Impl::> gets prepended and the |
1868 | and the resulting module name is loaded and if the load was successful, |
2107 | resulting module name is loaded and - if the load was successful - used as |
1869 | used as event model. If it fails to load AnyEvent will proceed with |
2108 | event model backend. If it fails to load then AnyEvent will proceed with |
1870 | auto detection and -probing. |
2109 | auto detection and -probing. |
1871 | |
2110 | |
1872 | This functionality might change in future versions. |
2111 | If the string ends with C<::> instead (e.g. C<AnyEvent::Impl::EV::>) then |
|
|
2112 | nothing gets prepended and the module name is used as-is (hint: C<::> at |
|
|
2113 | the end of a string designates a module name and quotes it appropriately). |
1873 | |
2114 | |
1874 | For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) you |
2115 | For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Loop::Perl>) you |
1875 | could start your program like this: |
2116 | could start your program like this: |
1876 | |
2117 | |
1877 | PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ... |
2118 | PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ... |
1878 | |
2119 | |
1879 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS> |
2120 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS> |
… | |
… | |
1895 | but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4> |
2136 | but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4> |
1896 | - only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6 |
2137 | - only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6 |
1897 | addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or |
2138 | addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or |
1898 | IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4. |
2139 | IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4. |
1899 | |
2140 | |
|
|
2141 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_HOSTS> |
|
|
2142 | |
|
|
2143 | This variable, if specified, overrides the F</etc/hosts> file used by |
|
|
2144 | L<AnyEvent::Socket>C<::resolve_sockaddr>, i.e. hosts aliases will be read |
|
|
2145 | from that file instead. |
|
|
2146 | |
1900 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0> |
2147 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0> |
1901 | |
2148 | |
1902 | Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension |
2149 | Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension for |
1903 | for DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, but |
2150 | DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, especially |
1904 | some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS packets, which is why it is off by |
2151 | when DNSSEC is involved, but some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS |
1905 | default. |
2152 | packets, which is why it is off by default. |
1906 | |
2153 | |
1907 | Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce |
2154 | Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce |
1908 | EDNS0 in its DNS requests. |
2155 | EDNS0 in its DNS requests. |
1909 | |
2156 | |
1910 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS> |
2157 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS> |
… | |
… | |
1918 | resolver - this is the maximum number of parallel DNS requests that are |
2165 | resolver - this is the maximum number of parallel DNS requests that are |
1919 | sent to the DNS server. |
2166 | sent to the DNS server. |
1920 | |
2167 | |
1921 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_RESOLV_CONF> |
2168 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_RESOLV_CONF> |
1922 | |
2169 | |
1923 | The file to use instead of F</etc/resolv.conf> (or OS-specific |
2170 | The absolute path to a F<resolv.conf>-style file to use instead of |
1924 | configuration) in the default resolver. When set to the empty string, no |
2171 | F</etc/resolv.conf> (or the OS-specific configuration) in the default |
1925 | default config will be used. |
2172 | resolver, or the empty string to select the default configuration. |
1926 | |
2173 | |
1927 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_FILE>, C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_PATH>. |
2174 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_FILE>, C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_PATH>. |
1928 | |
2175 | |
1929 | When neither C<ca_file> nor C<ca_path> was specified during |
2176 | When neither C<ca_file> nor C<ca_path> was specified during |
1930 | L<AnyEvent::TLS> context creation, and either of these environment |
2177 | L<AnyEvent::TLS> context creation, and either of these environment |
1931 | variables exist, they will be used to specify CA certificate locations |
2178 | variables are nonempty, they will be used to specify CA certificate |
1932 | instead of a system-dependent default. |
2179 | locations instead of a system-dependent default. |
1933 | |
2180 | |
1934 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_GUARD> and C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT> |
2181 | =item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_GUARD> and C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT> |
1935 | |
2182 | |
1936 | When these are set to C<1>, then the respective modules are not |
2183 | When these are set to C<1>, then the respective modules are not |
1937 | loaded. Mostly good for testing AnyEvent itself. |
2184 | loaded. Mostly good for testing AnyEvent itself. |
… | |
… | |
2269 | (even when used without AnyEvent), but most event loops have acceptable |
2516 | (even when used without AnyEvent), but most event loops have acceptable |
2270 | performance with or without AnyEvent. |
2517 | performance with or without AnyEvent. |
2271 | |
2518 | |
2272 | =item * The overhead AnyEvent adds is usually much smaller than the overhead of |
2519 | =item * The overhead AnyEvent adds is usually much smaller than the overhead of |
2273 | the actual event loop, only with extremely fast event loops such as EV |
2520 | the actual event loop, only with extremely fast event loops such as EV |
2274 | adds AnyEvent significant overhead. |
2521 | does AnyEvent add significant overhead. |
2275 | |
2522 | |
2276 | =item * You should avoid POE like the plague if you want performance or |
2523 | =item * You should avoid POE like the plague if you want performance or |
2277 | reasonable memory usage. |
2524 | reasonable memory usage. |
2278 | |
2525 | |
2279 | =back |
2526 | =back |
… | |
… | |
2509 | unless defined $SIG{PIPE}; |
2756 | unless defined $SIG{PIPE}; |
2510 | |
2757 | |
2511 | =head1 RECOMMENDED/OPTIONAL MODULES |
2758 | =head1 RECOMMENDED/OPTIONAL MODULES |
2512 | |
2759 | |
2513 | One of AnyEvent's main goals is to be 100% Pure-Perl(tm): only perl (and |
2760 | One of AnyEvent's main goals is to be 100% Pure-Perl(tm): only perl (and |
2514 | it's built-in modules) are required to use it. |
2761 | its built-in modules) are required to use it. |
2515 | |
2762 | |
2516 | That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional |
2763 | That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional |
2517 | modules if they are installed. |
2764 | modules if they are installed. |
2518 | |
2765 | |
2519 | This section explains which additional modules will be used, and how they |
2766 | This section explains which additional modules will be used, and how they |
… | |
… | |
2577 | the help of L<AnyEvent::TLS>), gains the ability to do TLS/SSL. |
2824 | the help of L<AnyEvent::TLS>), gains the ability to do TLS/SSL. |
2578 | |
2825 | |
2579 | =item L<Time::HiRes> |
2826 | =item L<Time::HiRes> |
2580 | |
2827 | |
2581 | This module is part of perl since release 5.008. It will be used when the |
2828 | This module is part of perl since release 5.008. It will be used when the |
2582 | chosen event library does not come with a timing source on it's own. The |
2829 | chosen event library does not come with a timing source of its own. The |
2583 | pure-perl event loop (L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) will additionally use it to |
2830 | pure-perl event loop (L<AnyEvent::Loop>) will additionally load it to |
2584 | try to use a monotonic clock for timing stability. |
2831 | try to use a monotonic clock for timing stability. |
2585 | |
2832 | |
2586 | =back |
2833 | =back |
2587 | |
2834 | |
2588 | |
2835 | |
… | |
… | |
2650 | pronounced). |
2897 | pronounced). |
2651 | |
2898 | |
2652 | |
2899 | |
2653 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
2900 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
2654 | |
2901 | |
2655 | Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util>. |
2902 | Tutorial/Introduction: L<AnyEvent::Intro>. |
2656 | |
2903 | |
2657 | Event modules: L<EV>, L<EV::Glib>, L<Glib::EV>, L<Event>, L<Glib::Event>, |
2904 | FAQ: L<AnyEvent::FAQ>. |
2658 | L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>. |
2905 | |
|
|
2906 | Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util> (misc. grab-bag), L<AnyEvent::Log> |
|
|
2907 | (simply logging). |
|
|
2908 | |
|
|
2909 | Development/Debugging: L<AnyEvent::Strict> (stricter checking), |
|
|
2910 | L<AnyEvent::Debug> (interactive shell, watcher tracing). |
|
|
2911 | |
|
|
2912 | Supported event modules: L<AnyEvent::Loop>, L<EV>, L<EV::Glib>, |
|
|
2913 | L<Glib::EV>, L<Event>, L<Glib::Event>, L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, |
|
|
2914 | L<Qt>, L<POE>, L<FLTK>. |
2659 | |
2915 | |
2660 | Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>, |
2916 | Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>, |
2661 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, |
2917 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, |
2662 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>, |
2918 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>, |
2663 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>. |
2919 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>, |
|
|
2920 | L<AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK>. |
2664 | |
2921 | |
2665 | Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and |
2922 | Non-blocking handles, pipes, stream sockets, TCP clients and |
2666 | servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>. |
2923 | servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>. |
2667 | |
2924 | |
2668 | Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>. |
2925 | Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>. |
2669 | |
2926 | |
2670 | Coroutine support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, |
2927 | Thread support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, L<Coro::Event>. |
2671 | L<Coro::Event>, |
|
|
2672 | |
2928 | |
2673 | Nontrivial usage examples: L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>, |
2929 | Nontrivial usage examples: L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::IRC>, |
2674 | L<AnyEvent::HTTP>. |
2930 | L<AnyEvent::HTTP>. |
2675 | |
2931 | |
2676 | |
2932 | |
2677 | =head1 AUTHOR |
2933 | =head1 AUTHOR |
2678 | |
2934 | |