[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.151 by root, Sat May 31 13:38:01 2008 UTC vs.
Revision 1.209 by root, Wed May 13 13:36:49 2009 UTC

…		…
6		6
7	=head1 SYNOPSIS	7	=head1 SYNOPSIS
8		8
9	use AnyEvent;	9	use AnyEvent;
10		10
		11	# file descriptor readable
11	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r\|w", cb => sub {	12	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "r", cb => sub { ... });
		13
		14	# one-shot or repeating timers
		15	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub { ... });
		16	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, interval => $seconds, cb => ...
		17
		18	print AnyEvent->now; # prints current event loop time
		19	print AnyEvent->time; # think Time::HiRes::time or simply CORE::time.
		20
		21	# POSIX signal
		22	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "TERM", cb => sub { ... });
		23
		24	# child process exit
		25	my $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => $pid, cb => sub {
		26	my ($pid, $status) = @_;
12	...	27	...
13	});	28	});
14		29
15	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $seconds, cb => sub {	30	# called when event loop idle (if applicable)
16	...	31	my $w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => sub { ... });
17	});
18		32
19	my $w = AnyEvent->condvar; # stores whether a condition was flagged	33	my $w = AnyEvent->condvar; # stores whether a condition was flagged
20	$w->send; # wake up current and all future recv's	34	$w->send; # wake up current and all future recv's
21	$w->recv; # enters "main loop" till $condvar gets ->send	35	$w->recv; # enters "main loop" till $condvar gets ->send
		36	# use a condvar in callback mode:
		37	$w->cb (sub { $_[0]->recv });
22		38
23	=head1 INTRODUCTION/TUTORIAL	39	=head1 INTRODUCTION/TUTORIAL
24		40
25	This manpage is mainly a reference manual. If you are interested	41	This manpage is mainly a reference manual. If you are interested
26	in a tutorial or some gentle introduction, have a look at the	42	in a tutorial or some gentle introduction, have a look at the
…		…
33		49
34	Executive Summary: AnyEvent is I<compatible>, AnyEvent is I<free of	50	Executive Summary: AnyEvent is I<compatible>, AnyEvent is I<free of
35	policy> and AnyEvent is I<small and efficient>.	51	policy> and AnyEvent is I<small and efficient>.
36		52
37	First and foremost, I<AnyEvent is not an event model> itself, it only	53	First and foremost, I<AnyEvent is not an event model> itself, it only
38	interfaces to whatever event model the main program happens to use in a	54	interfaces to whatever event model the main program happens to use, in a
39	pragmatic way. For event models and certain classes of immortals alike,	55	pragmatic way. For event models and certain classes of immortals alike,
40	the statement "there can only be one" is a bitter reality: In general,	56	the statement "there can only be one" is a bitter reality: In general,
41	only one event loop can be active at the same time in a process. AnyEvent	57	only one event loop can be active at the same time in a process. AnyEvent
42	helps hiding the differences between those event loops.	58	cannot change this, but it can hide the differences between those event
		59	loops.
43		60
44	The goal of AnyEvent is to offer module authors the ability to do event	61	The goal of AnyEvent is to offer module authors the ability to do event
45	programming (waiting for I/O or timer events) without subscribing to a	62	programming (waiting for I/O or timer events) without subscribing to a
46	religion, a way of living, and most importantly: without forcing your	63	religion, a way of living, and most importantly: without forcing your
47	module users into the same thing by forcing them to use the same event	64	module users into the same thing by forcing them to use the same event
48	model you use.	65	model you use.
49		66
50	For modules like POE or IO::Async (which is a total misnomer as it is	67	For modules like POE or IO::Async (which is a total misnomer as it is
51	actually doing all I/O I<synchronously>...), using them in your module is	68	actually doing all I/O I<synchronously>...), using them in your module is
52	like joining a cult: After you joined, you are dependent on them and you	69	like joining a cult: After you joined, you are dependent on them and you
53	cannot use anything else, as it is simply incompatible to everything that	70	cannot use anything else, as they are simply incompatible to everything
54	isn't itself. What's worse, all the potential users of your module are	71	that isn't them. What's worse, all the potential users of your
55	I<also> forced to use the same event loop you use.	72	module are I<also> forced to use the same event loop you use.
56		73
57	AnyEvent is different: AnyEvent + POE works fine. AnyEvent + Glib works	74	AnyEvent is different: AnyEvent + POE works fine. AnyEvent + Glib works
58	fine. AnyEvent + Tk works fine etc. etc. but none of these work together	75	fine. AnyEvent + Tk works fine etc. etc. but none of these work together
59	with the rest: POE + IO::Async? No go. Tk + Event? No go. Again: if	76	with the rest: POE + IO::Async? No go. Tk + Event? No go. Again: if
60	your module uses one of those, every user of your module has to use it,	77	your module uses one of those, every user of your module has to use it,
61	too. But if your module uses AnyEvent, it works transparently with all	78	too. But if your module uses AnyEvent, it works transparently with all
62	event models it supports (including stuff like POE and IO::Async, as long	79	event models it supports (including stuff like IO::Async, as long as those
63	as those use one of the supported event loops. It is trivial to add new	80	use one of the supported event loops. It is trivial to add new event loops
64	event loops to AnyEvent, too, so it is future-proof).	81	to AnyEvent, too, so it is future-proof).
65		82
66	In addition to being free of having to use I<the one and only true event	83	In addition to being free of having to use I<the one and only true event
67	model>, AnyEvent also is free of bloat and policy: with POE or similar	84	model>, AnyEvent also is free of bloat and policy: with POE or similar
68	modules, you get an enormous amount of code and strict rules you have to	85	modules, you get an enormous amount of code and strict rules you have to
69	follow. AnyEvent, on the other hand, is lean and up to the point, by only	86	follow. AnyEvent, on the other hand, is lean and up to the point, by only
…		…
127	These watchers are normal Perl objects with normal Perl lifetime. After	144	These watchers are normal Perl objects with normal Perl lifetime. After
128	creating a watcher it will immediately "watch" for events and invoke the	145	creating a watcher it will immediately "watch" for events and invoke the
129	callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model	146	callback when the event occurs (of course, only when the event model
130	is in control).	147	is in control).
131		148
		149	Note that B<callbacks must not permanently change global variables>
		150	potentially in use by the event loop (such as C<$_> or C<$[>) and that B<<
		151	callbacks must not C<die> >>. The former is good programming practise in
		152	Perl and the latter stems from the fact that exception handling differs
		153	widely between event loops.
		154
132	To disable the watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the	155	To disable the watcher you have to destroy it (e.g. by setting the
133	variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references	156	variable you store it in to C<undef> or otherwise deleting all references
134	to it).	157	to it).
135		158
136	All watchers are created by calling a method on the C<AnyEvent> class.	159	All watchers are created by calling a method on the C<AnyEvent> class.
…		…
152	=head2 I/O WATCHERS	175	=head2 I/O WATCHERS
153		176
154	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method	177	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method
155	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:	178	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:
156		179
157	C<fh> the Perl I<file handle> (I<not> file descriptor) to watch	180	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (I<not> file descriptor) to watch
		181	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file
		182	handle). Note that only file handles pointing to things for which
		183	non-blocking operation makes sense are allowed. This includes sockets,
		184	most character devices, pipes, fifos and so on, but not for example files
		185	or block devices.
		186
158	for events. C<poll> must be a string that is either C<r> or C<w>,	187	C<poll> must be a string that is either C<r> or C<w>, which creates a
159	which creates a watcher waiting for "r"eadable or "w"ritable events,	188	watcher waiting for "r"eadable or "w"ritable events, respectively.
		189
160	respectively. C<cb> is the callback to invoke each time the file handle	190	C<cb> is the callback to invoke each time the file handle becomes ready.
161	becomes ready.
162		191
163	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and	192	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and
164	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent	193	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent
165	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to I/O watcher callbacks.	194	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to I/O watcher callbacks.
166		195
…		…
170		199
171	Some event loops issue spurious readyness notifications, so you should	200	Some event loops issue spurious readyness notifications, so you should
172	always use non-blocking calls when reading/writing from/to your file	201	always use non-blocking calls when reading/writing from/to your file
173	handles.	202	handles.
174		203
175	Example:
176
177	# wait for readability of STDIN, then read a line and disable the watcher	204	Example: wait for readability of STDIN, then read a line and disable the
		205	watcher.
		206
178	my $w; $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => \*STDIN, poll => 'r', cb => sub {	207	my $w; $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => \*STDIN, poll => 'r', cb => sub {
179	chomp (my $input = <STDIN>);	208	chomp (my $input = <STDIN>);
180	warn "read: $input\n";	209	warn "read: $input\n";
181	undef $w;	210	undef $w;
182	});	211	});
…		…
192		221
193	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and	222	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and
194	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent	223	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent
195	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to time watcher callbacks.	224	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to time watcher callbacks.
196		225
197	The timer callback will be invoked at most once: if you want a repeating	226	The callback will normally be invoked once only. If you specify another
198	timer you have to create a new watcher (this is a limitation by both Tk	227	parameter, C<interval>, as a strictly positive number (> 0), then the
199	and Glib).	228	callback will be invoked regularly at that interval (in fractional
		229	seconds) after the first invocation. If C<interval> is specified with a
		230	false value, then it is treated as if it were missing.
200		231
201	Example:	232	The callback will be rescheduled before invoking the callback, but no
		233	attempt is done to avoid timer drift in most backends, so the interval is
		234	only approximate.
202		235
203	# fire an event after 7.7 seconds	236	Example: fire an event after 7.7 seconds.
		237
204	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 7.7, cb => sub {	238	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 7.7, cb => sub {
205	warn "timeout\n";	239	warn "timeout\n";
206	});	240	});
207		241
208	# to cancel the timer:	242	# to cancel the timer:
209	undef $w;	243	undef $w;
210		244
211	Example 2:
212
213	# fire an event after 0.5 seconds, then roughly every second	245	Example 2: fire an event after 0.5 seconds, then roughly every second.
214	my $w;
215		246
216	my $cb = sub {
217	# cancel the old timer while creating a new one
218	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, cb => $cb);	247	my $w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.5, interval => 1, cb => sub {
		248	warn "timeout\n";
219	};	249	};
220
221	# start the "loop" by creating the first watcher
222	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.5, cb => $cb);
223		250
224	=head3 TIMING ISSUES	251	=head3 TIMING ISSUES
225		252
226	There are two ways to handle timers: based on real time (relative, "fire	253	There are two ways to handle timers: based on real time (relative, "fire
227	in 10 seconds") and based on wallclock time (absolute, "fire at 12	254	in 10 seconds") and based on wallclock time (absolute, "fire at 12
…		…
300	In either case, if you care (and in most cases, you don't), then you	327	In either case, if you care (and in most cases, you don't), then you
301	can get whatever behaviour you want with any event loop, by taking the	328	can get whatever behaviour you want with any event loop, by taking the
302	difference between C<< AnyEvent->time >> and C<< AnyEvent->now >> into	329	difference between C<< AnyEvent->time >> and C<< AnyEvent->now >> into
303	account.	330	account.
304		331
		332	=item AnyEvent->now_update
		333
		334	Some event loops (such as L<EV> or L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) cache
		335	the current time for each loop iteration (see the discussion of L<<
		336	AnyEvent->now >>, above).
		337
		338	When a callback runs for a long time (or when the process sleeps), then
		339	this "current" time will differ substantially from the real time, which
		340	might affect timers and time-outs.
		341
		342	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the
		343	event loop's idea of "current time".
		344
		345	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.
		346
305	=back	347	=back
306		348
307	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS	349	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS
308		350
309	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal	351	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal
310	I<name> without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl callback to	352	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl
311	be invoked whenever a signal occurs.	353	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.
312		354
313	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and	355	Although the callback might get passed parameters, their value and
314	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent	356	presence is undefined and you cannot rely on them. Portable AnyEvent
315	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to signal watcher callbacks.	357	callbacks cannot use arguments passed to signal watcher callbacks.
316		358
…		…
332	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS	374	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
333		375
334	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.	376	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.
335		377
336	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (if set to C<0>, it	378	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (if set to C<0>, it
337	watches for any child process exit). The watcher will trigger as often	379	watches for any child process exit). The watcher will triggered only when
338	as status change for the child are received. This works by installing a	380	the child process has finished and an exit status is available, not on
339	signal handler for C<SIGCHLD>. The callback will be called with the pid	381	any trace events (stopped/continued).
340	and exit status (as returned by waitpid), so unlike other watcher types,	382
341	you I<can> rely on child watcher callback arguments.	383	The callback will be called with the pid and exit status (as returned by
		384	waitpid), so unlike other watcher types, you I<can> rely on child watcher
		385	callback arguments.
		386
		387	This watcher type works by installing a signal handler for C<SIGCHLD>,
		388	and since it cannot be shared, nothing else should use SIGCHLD or reap
		389	random child processes (waiting for specific child processes, e.g. inside
		390	C<system>, is just fine).
342		391
343	There is a slight catch to child watchers, however: you usually start them	392	There is a slight catch to child watchers, however: you usually start them
344	I<after> the child process was created, and this means the process could	393	I<after> the child process was created, and this means the process could
345	have exited already (and no SIGCHLD will be sent anymore).	394	have exited already (and no SIGCHLD will be sent anymore).
346		395
…		…
368	);	417	);
369		418
370	# do something else, then wait for process exit	419	# do something else, then wait for process exit
371	$done->recv;	420	$done->recv;
372		421
		422	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS
		423
		424	Sometimes there is a need to do something, but it is not so important
		425	to do it instantly, but only when there is nothing better to do. This
		426	"nothing better to do" is usually defined to be "no other events need
		427	attention by the event loop".
		428
		429	Idle watchers ideally get invoked when the event loop has nothing
		430	better to do, just before it would block the process to wait for new
		431	events. Instead of blocking, the idle watcher is invoked.
		432
		433	Most event loops unfortunately do not really support idle watchers (only
		434	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent
		435	will simply call the callback "from time to time".
		436
		437	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the
		438	program is otherwise idle:
		439
		440	my @lines; # read data
		441	my $idle_w;
		442	my $io_w = AnyEvent->io (fh => \*STDIN, poll => 'r', cb => sub {
		443	push @lines, scalar <STDIN>;
		444
		445	# start an idle watcher, if not already done
		446	$idle_w \|\|= AnyEvent->idle (cb => sub {
		447	# handle only one line, when there are lines left
		448	if (my $line = shift @lines) {
		449	print "handled when idle: $line";
		450	} else {
		451	# otherwise disable the idle watcher again
		452	undef $idle_w;
		453	}
		454	});
		455	});
		456
373	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES	457	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES
374		458
375	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them	459	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them
376	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that	460	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that
377	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.	461	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.
…		…
382	The instrument to do that is called a "condition variable", so called	466	The instrument to do that is called a "condition variable", so called
383	because they represent a condition that must become true.	467	because they represent a condition that must become true.
384		468
385	Condition variables can be created by calling the C<< AnyEvent->condvar	469	Condition variables can be created by calling the C<< AnyEvent->condvar
386	>> method, usually without arguments. The only argument pair allowed is	470	>> method, usually without arguments. The only argument pair allowed is
		471
387	C<cb>, which specifies a callback to be called when the condition variable	472	C<cb>, which specifies a callback to be called when the condition variable
388	becomes true.	473	becomes true, with the condition variable as the first argument (but not
		474	the results).
389		475
390	After creation, the condition variable is "false" until it becomes "true"	476	After creation, the condition variable is "false" until it becomes "true"
391	by calling the C<send> method (or calling the condition variable as if it	477	by calling the C<send> method (or calling the condition variable as if it
392	were a callback, read about the caveats in the description for the C<<	478	were a callback, read about the caveats in the description for the C<<
393	->send >> method).	479	->send >> method).
…		…
449		535
450	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;	536	my $done = AnyEvent->condvar;
451	my $delay = AnyEvent->timer (after => 5, cb => $done);	537	my $delay = AnyEvent->timer (after => 5, cb => $done);
452	$done->recv;	538	$done->recv;
453		539
		540	Example: Imagine an API that returns a condvar and doesn't support
		541	callbacks. This is how you make a synchronous call, for example from
		542	the main program:
		543
		544	use AnyEvent::CouchDB;
		545
		546	...
		547
		548	my @info = $couchdb->info->recv;
		549
		550	And this is how you would just ste a callback to be called whenever the
		551	results are available:
		552
		553	$couchdb->info->cb (sub {
		554	my @info = $_[0]->recv;
		555	});
		556
454	=head3 METHODS FOR PRODUCERS	557	=head3 METHODS FOR PRODUCERS
455		558
456	These methods should only be used by the producing side, i.e. the	559	These methods should only be used by the producing side, i.e. the
457	code/module that eventually sends the signal. Note that it is also	560	code/module that eventually sends the signal. Note that it is also
458	the producer side which creates the condvar in most cases, but it isn't	561	the producer side which creates the condvar in most cases, but it isn't
…		…
591	=item $bool = $cv->ready	694	=item $bool = $cv->ready
592		695
593	Returns true when the condition is "true", i.e. whether C<send> or	696	Returns true when the condition is "true", i.e. whether C<send> or
594	C<croak> have been called.	697	C<croak> have been called.
595		698
596	=item $cb = $cv->cb ([new callback])	699	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))
597		700
598	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally	701	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally
599	replaces it before doing so.	702	replaces it before doing so.
600		703
601	The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when	704	The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when
…		…
738	=item L<AnyEvent::Util>	841	=item L<AnyEvent::Util>
739		842
740	Contains various utility functions that replace often-used but blocking	843	Contains various utility functions that replace often-used but blocking
741	functions such as C<inet_aton> by event-/callback-based versions.	844	functions such as C<inet_aton> by event-/callback-based versions.
742		845
743	=item L<AnyEvent::Handle>
744
745	Provide read and write buffers and manages watchers for reads and writes.
746
747	=item L<AnyEvent::Socket>	846	=item L<AnyEvent::Socket>
748		847
749	Provides various utility functions for (internet protocol) sockets,	848	Provides various utility functions for (internet protocol) sockets,
750	addresses and name resolution. Also functions to create non-blocking tcp	849	addresses and name resolution. Also functions to create non-blocking tcp
751	connections or tcp servers, with IPv6 and SRV record support and more.	850	connections or tcp servers, with IPv6 and SRV record support and more.
752		851
		852	=item L<AnyEvent::Handle>
		853
		854	Provide read and write buffers, manages watchers for reads and writes,
		855	supports raw and formatted I/O, I/O queued and fully transparent and
		856	non-blocking SSL/TLS.
		857
753	=item L<AnyEvent::DNS>	858	=item L<AnyEvent::DNS>
754		859
755	Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.	860	Provides rich asynchronous DNS resolver capabilities.
756		861
		862	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>
		863
		864	A simple-to-use HTTP library that is capable of making a lot of concurrent
		865	HTTP requests.
		866
757	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>	867	=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>
758		868
759	Provides a simple web application server framework.	869	Provides a simple web application server framework.
760		870
761	=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>	871	=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>
762		872
763	The fastest ping in the west.	873	The fastest ping in the west.
764		874
		875	=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
		876
		877	Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process.
		878
		879	=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
		880
		881	Truly asynchronous I/O, should be in the toolbox of every event
		882	programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent
		883	together.
		884
		885	=item L<AnyEvent::BDB>
		886
		887	Truly asynchronous Berkeley DB access. AnyEvent::BDB transparently fuses
		888	L<BDB> and AnyEvent together.
		889
		890	=item L<AnyEvent::GPSD>
		891
		892	A non-blocking interface to gpsd, a daemon delivering GPS information.
		893
		894	=item L<AnyEvent::IGS>
		895
		896	A non-blocking interface to the Internet Go Server protocol (used by
		897	L<App::IGS>).
		898
765	=item L<Net::IRC3>	899	=item L<AnyEvent::IRC>
766		900
767	AnyEvent based IRC client module family.	901	AnyEvent based IRC client module family (replacing the older Net::IRC3).
768		902
769	=item L<Net::XMPP2>	903	=item L<Net::XMPP2>
770		904
771	AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family.	905	AnyEvent based XMPP (Jabber protocol) module family.
772		906
…		…
781		915
782	=item L<Coro>	916	=item L<Coro>
783		917
784	Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>.	918	Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>.
785		919
786	=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>, L<IO::AIO>
787
788	Truly asynchronous I/O, should be in the toolbox of every event
789	programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses IO::AIO and AnyEvent
790	together.
791
792	=item L<AnyEvent::BDB>, L<BDB>
793
794	Truly asynchronous Berkeley DB access. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses
795	IO::AIO and AnyEvent together.
796
797	=item L<IO::Lambda>	920	=item L<IO::Lambda>
798		921
799	The lambda approach to I/O - don't ask, look there. Can use AnyEvent.	922	The lambda approach to I/O - don't ask, look there. Can use AnyEvent.
800		923
801	=back	924	=back
…		…
803	=cut	926	=cut
804		927
805	package AnyEvent;	928	package AnyEvent;
806		929
807	no warnings;	930	no warnings;
808	use strict;	931	use strict qw(vars subs);
809		932
810	use Carp;	933	use Carp;
811		934
812	our $VERSION = 4.11;	935	our $VERSION = 4.41;
813	our $MODEL;	936	our $MODEL;
814		937
815	our $AUTOLOAD;	938	our $AUTOLOAD;
816	our @ISA;	939	our @ISA;
817		940
…		…
849	[POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza	972	[POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza
850	[Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],	973	[Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
851	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],	974	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
852	);	975	);
853		976
854	our %method = map +($_ => 1), qw(io timer time now signal child condvar one_event DESTROY);	977	our %method = map +($_ => 1),
		978	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);
855		979
856	our @post_detect;	980	our @post_detect;
857		981
858	sub post_detect(&) {	982	sub post_detect(&) {
859	my ($cb) = @_;	983	my ($cb) = @_;
…		…
864	1	988	1
865	} else {	989	} else {
866	push @post_detect, $cb;	990	push @post_detect, $cb;
867		991
868	defined wantarray	992	defined wantarray
869	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::PostDetect"	993	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
870	: ()	994	: ()
871	}	995	}
872	}	996	}
873		997
874	sub AnyEvent::Util::PostDetect::DESTROY {	998	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {
875	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;	999	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;
876	}	1000	}
877		1001
878	sub detect() {	1002	sub detect() {
879	unless ($MODEL) {	1003	unless ($MODEL) {
…		…
916	last;	1040	last;
917	}	1041	}
918	}	1042	}
919		1043
920	$MODEL	1044	$MODEL
921	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.";	1045	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";
922	}	1046	}
923	}	1047	}
924		1048
		1049	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
		1050
925	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;	1051	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
926	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";	1052
		1053	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
927		1054
928	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;	1055	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
929	}	1056	}
930		1057
931	$MODEL	1058	$MODEL
…		…
941		1068
942	my $class = shift;	1069	my $class = shift;
943	$class->$func (@_);	1070	$class->$func (@_);
944	}	1071	}
945		1072
		1073	# utility function to dup a filehandle. this is used by many backends
		1074	# to support binding more than one watcher per filehandle (they usually
		1075	# allow only one watcher per fd, so we dup it to get a different one).
		1076	sub _dupfh($$$$) {
		1077	my ($poll, $fh, $r, $w) = @_;
		1078
		1079	# cygwin requires the fh mode to be matching, unix doesn't
		1080	my ($rw, $mode) = $poll eq "r" ? ($r, "<")
		1081	: $poll eq "w" ? ($w, ">")
		1082	: Carp::croak "AnyEvent->io requires poll set to either 'r' or 'w'";
		1083
		1084	open my $fh2, "$mode&" . fileno $fh
		1085	or die "cannot dup() filehandle: $!,";
		1086
		1087	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases
		1088
		1089	($fh2, $rw)
		1090	}
		1091
946	package AnyEvent::Base;	1092	package AnyEvent::Base;
947		1093
948	# default implementation for now and time	1094	# default implementations for many methods
949		1095
950	use Time::HiRes ();	1096	BEGIN {
		1097	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
		1098	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;
		1099	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
		1100	} else {
		1101	*_time = sub { time }; # epic fail
		1102	}
		1103	}
951		1104
952	sub time { Time::HiRes::time }	1105	sub time { _time }
953	sub now { Time::HiRes::time }	1106	sub now { _time }
		1107	sub now_update { }
954		1108
955	# default implementation for ->condvar	1109	# default implementation for ->condvar
956		1110
957	sub condvar {	1111	sub condvar {
958	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, AnyEvent::CondVar::	1112	bless { @_ == 3 ? (_ae_cb => $_[2]) : () }, "AnyEvent::CondVar"
959	}	1113	}
960		1114
961	# default implementation for ->signal	1115	# default implementation for ->signal
962		1116
963	our %SIG_CB;	1117	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);
		1118
		1119	sub _signal_exec {
		1120	sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 4;
		1121
		1122	while (%SIG_EV) {
		1123	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
		1124	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
		1125	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
		1126	}
		1127	}
		1128	}
964		1129
965	sub signal {	1130	sub signal {
966	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1131	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
967		1132
		1133	unless ($SIGPIPE_R) {
		1134	require Fcntl;
		1135
		1136	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
		1137	require AnyEvent::Util;
		1138
		1139	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
		1140	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R) if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1141	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1142	} else {
		1143	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
		1144	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1145	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1146	}
		1147
		1148	$SIGPIPE_R
		1149	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
		1150
		1151	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
		1152	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1153	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1154
		1155	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
		1156	}
		1157
968	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}	1158	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
969	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";	1159	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
970		1160
971	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1161	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
972	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {	1162	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
973	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} \|\| {} };	1163	local $!;
		1164	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
		1165	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
974	};	1166	};
975		1167
976	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::Signal"	1168	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
977	}	1169	}
978		1170
979	sub AnyEvent::Base::Signal::DESTROY {	1171	sub AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY {
980	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1172	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
981		1173
982	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};	1174	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
983		1175
984	$SIG{$signal} = 'DEFAULT' unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };	1176	$SIG{$signal} = 'DEFAULT' unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
…		…
1025	$CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld);	1217	$CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld);
1026	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round	1218	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round
1027	&_sigchld;	1219	&_sigchld;
1028	}	1220	}
1029		1221
1030	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::Child"	1222	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"
1031	}	1223	}
1032		1224
1033	sub AnyEvent::Base::Child::DESTROY {	1225	sub AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY {
1034	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1226	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1035		1227
1036	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};	1228	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};
1037	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };	1229	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };
1038		1230
1039	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;	1231	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;
		1232	}
		1233
		1234	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless
		1235	# of whether the proces sis idle or not, and not letting
		1236	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.
		1237	sub idle {
		1238	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
		1239
		1240	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};
		1241
		1242	$rcb = sub {
		1243	if ($cb) {
		1244	$w = _time;
		1245	&$cb;
		1246	$w = _time - $w;
		1247
		1248	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,
		1249	# within some limits
		1250	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;
		1251	$w = 5 if $w > 5;
		1252
		1253	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $w, cb => $rcb);
		1254	} else {
		1255	# clean up...
		1256	undef $w;
		1257	undef $rcb;
		1258	}
		1259	};
		1260
		1261	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.05, cb => $rcb);
		1262
		1263	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
		1264	}
		1265
		1266	sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY {
		1267	undef $${$_[0]};
1040	}	1268	}
1041		1269
1042	package AnyEvent::CondVar;	1270	package AnyEvent::CondVar;
1043		1271
1044	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;	1272	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;
…		…
1096	}	1324	}
1097		1325
1098	# undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4	1326	# undocumented/compatibility with pre-3.4
1099	*broadcast = \&send;	1327	*broadcast = \&send;
1100	*wait = \&_wait;	1328	*wait = \&_wait;
		1329
		1330	=head1 ERROR AND EXCEPTION HANDLING
		1331
		1332	In general, AnyEvent does not do any error handling - it relies on the
		1333	caller to do that if required. The L<AnyEvent::Strict> module (see also
		1334	the C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT> environment variable, below) provides strict
		1335	checking of all AnyEvent methods, however, which is highly useful during
		1336	development.
		1337
		1338	As for exception handling (i.e. runtime errors and exceptions thrown while
		1339	executing a callback), this is not only highly event-loop specific, but
		1340	also not in any way wrapped by this module, as this is the job of the main
		1341	program.
		1342
		1343	The pure perl event loop simply re-throws the exception (usually
		1344	within C<< condvar->recv >>), the L<Event> and L<EV> modules call C<<
		1345	$Event/EV::DIED->() >>, L<Glib> uses C<< install_exception_handler >> and
		1346	so on.
		1347
		1348	=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
		1349
		1350	The following environment variables are used by this module or its
		1351	submodules:
		1352
		1353	=over 4
		1354
		1355	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE>
		1356
		1357	By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal
		1358	conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more
		1359	talkative.
		1360
		1361	When set to C<1> or higher, causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected
		1362	conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by
		1363	C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>.
		1364
		1365	When set to C<2> or higher, cause AnyEvent to report to STDERR which event
		1366	model it chooses.
		1367
		1368	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT>
		1369
		1370	AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough
		1371	argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value
		1372	will cause AnyEvent to load C<AnyEvent::Strict> and then to thoroughly
		1373	check the arguments passed to most method calls. If it finds any problems
		1374	it will croak.
		1375
		1376	In other words, enables "strict" mode.
		1377
		1378	Unlike C<use strict>, it is definitely recommended ot keep it off in
		1379	production. Keeping C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while
		1380	developing programs can be very useful, however.
		1381
		1382	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>
		1383
		1384	This can be used to specify the event model to be used by AnyEvent, before
		1385	auto detection and -probing kicks in. It must be a string consisting
		1386	entirely of ASCII letters. The string C<AnyEvent::Impl::> gets prepended
		1387	and the resulting module name is loaded and if the load was successful,
		1388	used as event model. If it fails to load AnyEvent will proceed with
		1389	auto detection and -probing.
		1390
		1391	This functionality might change in future versions.
		1392
		1393	For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) you
		1394	could start your program like this:
		1395
		1396	PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ...
		1397
		1398	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS>
		1399
		1400	Used by both L<AnyEvent::DNS> and L<AnyEvent::Socket> to determine preferences
		1401	for IPv4 or IPv6. The default is unspecified (and might change, or be the result
		1402	of auto probing).
		1403
		1404	Must be set to a comma-separated list of protocols or address families,
		1405	current supported: C<ipv4> and C<ipv6>. Only protocols mentioned will be
		1406	used, and preference will be given to protocols mentioned earlier in the
		1407	list.
		1408
		1409	This variable can effectively be used for denial-of-service attacks
		1410	against local programs (e.g. when setuid), although the impact is likely
		1411	small, as the program has to handle conenction and other failures anyways.
		1412
		1413	Examples: C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4,ipv6> - prefer IPv4 over IPv6,
		1414	but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4>
		1415	- only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6
		1416	addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or
		1417	IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4.
		1418
		1419	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0>
		1420
		1421	Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension
		1422	for DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, but
		1423	some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS packets, which is why it is off by
		1424	default.
		1425
		1426	Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce
		1427	EDNS0 in its DNS requests.
		1428
		1429	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS>
		1430
		1431	The maximum number of child processes that C<AnyEvent::Util::fork_call>
		1432	will create in parallel.
		1433
		1434	=back
1101		1435
1102	=head1 SUPPLYING YOUR OWN EVENT MODEL INTERFACE	1436	=head1 SUPPLYING YOUR OWN EVENT MODEL INTERFACE
1103		1437
1104	This is an advanced topic that you do not normally need to use AnyEvent in	1438	This is an advanced topic that you do not normally need to use AnyEvent in
1105	a module. This section is only of use to event loop authors who want to	1439	a module. This section is only of use to event loop authors who want to
…		…
1139		1473
1140	I<rxvt-unicode> also cheats a bit by not providing blocking access to	1474	I<rxvt-unicode> also cheats a bit by not providing blocking access to
1141	condition variables: code blocking while waiting for a condition will	1475	condition variables: code blocking while waiting for a condition will
1142	C<die>. This still works with most modules/usages, and blocking calls must	1476	C<die>. This still works with most modules/usages, and blocking calls must
1143	not be done in an interactive application, so it makes sense.	1477	not be done in an interactive application, so it makes sense.
1144
1145	=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
1146
1147	The following environment variables are used by this module:
1148
1149	=over 4
1150
1151	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE>
1152
1153	By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal
1154	conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more
1155	talkative.
1156
1157	When set to C<1> or higher, causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected
1158	conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by
1159	C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>.
1160
1161	When set to C<2> or higher, cause AnyEvent to report to STDERR which event
1162	model it chooses.
1163
1164	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>
1165
1166	This can be used to specify the event model to be used by AnyEvent, before
1167	auto detection and -probing kicks in. It must be a string consisting
1168	entirely of ASCII letters. The string C<AnyEvent::Impl::> gets prepended
1169	and the resulting module name is loaded and if the load was successful,
1170	used as event model. If it fails to load AnyEvent will proceed with
1171	auto detection and -probing.
1172
1173	This functionality might change in future versions.
1174
1175	For example, to force the pure perl model (L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>) you
1176	could start your program like this:
1177
1178	PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL=Perl perl ...
1179
1180	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS>
1181
1182	Used by both L<AnyEvent::DNS> and L<AnyEvent::Socket> to determine preferences
1183	for IPv4 or IPv6. The default is unspecified (and might change, or be the result
1184	of auto probing).
1185
1186	Must be set to a comma-separated list of protocols or address families,
1187	current supported: C<ipv4> and C<ipv6>. Only protocols mentioned will be
1188	used, and preference will be given to protocols mentioned earlier in the
1189	list.
1190
1191	This variable can effectively be used for denial-of-service attacks
1192	against local programs (e.g. when setuid), although the impact is likely
1193	small, as the program has to handle connection errors already-
1194
1195	Examples: C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4,ipv6> - prefer IPv4 over IPv6,
1196	but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4>
1197	- only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6
1198	addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or
1199	IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4.
1200
1201	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0>
1202
1203	Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension
1204	for DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, but
1205	some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS packets, which is why it is off by
1206	default.
1207
1208	Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce
1209	EDNS0 in its DNS requests.
1210
1211	=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS>
1212
1213	The maximum number of child processes that C<AnyEvent::Util::fork_call>
1214	will create in parallel.
1215
1216	=back
1217		1478
1218	=head1 EXAMPLE PROGRAM	1479	=head1 EXAMPLE PROGRAM
1219		1480
1220	The following program uses an I/O watcher to read data from STDIN, a timer	1481	The following program uses an I/O watcher to read data from STDIN, a timer
1221	to display a message once per second, and a condition variable to quit the	1482	to display a message once per second, and a condition variable to quit the
…		…
1415	watcher.	1676	watcher.
1416		1677
1417	=head3 Results	1678	=head3 Results
1418		1679
1419	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment	1680	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment
1420	EV/EV 400000 244 0.56 0.46 0.31 EV native interface	1681	EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface
1421	EV/Any 100000 244 2.50 0.46 0.29 EV + AnyEvent watchers	1682	EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers
1422	CoroEV/Any 100000 244 2.49 0.44 0.29 coroutines + Coro::Signal	1683	CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal
1423	Perl/Any 100000 513 4.92 0.87 1.12 pure perl implementation	1684	Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation
1424	Event/Event 16000 516 31.88 31.30 0.85 Event native interface	1685	Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface
1425	Event/Any 16000 590 35.75 31.42 1.08 Event + AnyEvent watchers	1686	Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers
1426	Glib/Any 16000 1357 98.22 12.41 54.00 quadratic behaviour	1687	Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour
1427	Tk/Any 2000 1860 26.97 67.98 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers	1688	Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers
1428	POE/Event 2000 6644 108.64 736.02 14.73 via POE::Loop::Event	1689	POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event
1429	POE/Select 2000 6343 94.13 809.12 565.96 via POE::Loop::Select	1690	POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select
1430		1691
1431	=head3 Discussion	1692	=head3 Discussion
1432		1693
1433	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very	1694	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very
1434	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)	1695	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)
…		…
1636	watchers, as the management overhead dominates.	1897	watchers, as the management overhead dominates.
1637		1898
1638	=back	1899	=back
1639		1900
1640		1901
		1902	=head1 SIGNALS
		1903
		1904	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:
		1905
		1906	=over 4
		1907
		1908	=item SIGCHLD
		1909
		1910	A handler for C<SIGCHLD> is installed by AnyEvent's child watcher
		1911	emulation for event loops that do not support them natively. Also, some
		1912	event loops install a similar handler.
		1913
		1914	=item SIGPIPE
		1915
		1916	A no-op handler is installed for C<SIGPIPE> when C<$SIG{PIPE}> is C<undef>
		1917	when AnyEvent gets loaded.
		1918
		1919	The rationale for this is that AnyEvent users usually do not really depend
		1920	on SIGPIPE delivery (which is purely an optimisation for shell use, or
		1921	badly-written programs), but C<SIGPIPE> can cause spurious and rare
		1922	program exits as a lot of people do not expect C<SIGPIPE> when writing to
		1923	some random socket.
		1924
		1925	The rationale for installing a no-op handler as opposed to ignoring it is
		1926	that this way, the handler will be restored to defaults on exec.
		1927
		1928	Feel free to install your own handler, or reset it to defaults.
		1929
		1930	=back
		1931
		1932	=cut
		1933
		1934	$SIG{PIPE} = sub { }
		1935	unless defined $SIG{PIPE};
		1936
		1937
1641	=head1 FORK	1938	=head1 FORK
1642		1939
1643	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are	1940	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are
1644	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll>	1941	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll>
1645	calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware.	1942	calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware.
…		…
1664		1961
1665	use AnyEvent;	1962	use AnyEvent;
1666		1963
1667	Similar considerations apply to $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}, as that can	1964	Similar considerations apply to $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}, as that can
1668	be used to probe what backend is used and gain other information (which is	1965	be used to probe what backend is used and gain other information (which is
1669	probably even less useful to an attacker than PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL).	1966	probably even less useful to an attacker than PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL), and
		1967	$ENV{PERL_ANYEGENT_STRICT}.
		1968
		1969
		1970	=head1 BUGS
		1971
		1972	Perl 5.8 has numerous memleaks that sometimes hit this module and are hard
		1973	to work around. If you suffer from memleaks, first upgrade to Perl 5.10
		1974	and check wether the leaks still show up. (Perl 5.10.0 has other annoying
		1975	memleaks, such as leaking on C<map> and C<grep> but it is usually not as
		1976	pronounced).
1670		1977
1671		1978
1672	=head1 SEE ALSO	1979	=head1 SEE ALSO
1673		1980
1674	Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util>.	1981	Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util>.

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents): Revision 1.151 by root, Sat May 31 13:38:01 2008 UTC vs. Revision 1.209 by root, Wed May 13 13:36:49 2009 UTC

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.151 by root, Sat May 31 13:38:01 2008 UTC vs.
Revision 1.209 by root, Wed May 13 13:36:49 2009 UTC