[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm

Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.245 by root, Sat Jul 18 05:19:09 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.316 by root, Mon Mar 15 18:51:30 2010 UTC

…		…
1	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
2		2
3	AnyEvent - provide framework for multiple event loops	3	AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming
4		4
5	EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Qt and POE are various supported	5	EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt
6	event loops.	6	and POE are various supported event loops/environments.
7		7
8	=head1 SYNOPSIS	8	=head1 SYNOPSIS
9		9
10	use AnyEvent;	10	use AnyEvent;
11		11
40	=head1 INTRODUCTION/TUTORIAL	40	=head1 INTRODUCTION/TUTORIAL
41		41
42	This manpage is mainly a reference manual. If you are interested	42	This manpage is mainly a reference manual. If you are interested
43	in a tutorial or some gentle introduction, have a look at the	43	in a tutorial or some gentle introduction, have a look at the
44	L<AnyEvent::Intro> manpage.	44	L<AnyEvent::Intro> manpage.
		45
		46	=head1 SUPPORT
		47
		48	There is a mailinglist for discussing all things AnyEvent, and an IRC
		49	channel, too.
		50
		51	See the AnyEvent project page at the B<Schmorpforge Ta-Sa Software
		52	Repository>, at L<http://anyevent.schmorp.de>, for more info.
45		53
46	=head1 WHY YOU SHOULD USE THIS MODULE (OR NOT)	54	=head1 WHY YOU SHOULD USE THIS MODULE (OR NOT)
47		55
48	Glib, POE, IO::Async, Event... CPAN offers event models by the dozen	56	Glib, POE, IO::Async, Event... CPAN offers event models by the dozen
49	nowadays. So what is different about AnyEvent?	57	nowadays. So what is different about AnyEvent?
…		…
173	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are	181	my variables are only visible after the statement in which they are
174	declared.	182	declared.
175		183
176	=head2 I/O WATCHERS	184	=head2 I/O WATCHERS
177		185
		186	$w = AnyEvent->io (
		187	fh => <filehandle_or_fileno>,
		188	poll => <"r" or "w">,
		189	cb => <callback>,
		190	);
		191
178	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method	192	You can create an I/O watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->io >> method
179	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:	193	with the following mandatory key-value pairs as arguments:
180		194
181	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch	195	C<fh> is the Perl I<file handle> (or a naked file descriptor) to watch
182	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file	196	for events (AnyEvent might or might not keep a reference to this file
…		…
211	undef $w;	225	undef $w;
212	});	226	});
213		227
214	=head2 TIME WATCHERS	228	=head2 TIME WATCHERS
215		229
		230	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => <seconds>, cb => <callback>);
		231
		232	$w = AnyEvent->timer (
		233	after => <fractional_seconds>,
		234	interval => <fractional_seconds>,
		235	cb => <callback>,
		236	);
		237
216	You can create a time watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->timer >>	238	You can create a time watcher by calling the C<< AnyEvent->timer >>
217	method with the following mandatory arguments:	239	method with the following mandatory arguments:
218		240
219	C<after> specifies after how many seconds (fractional values are	241	C<after> specifies after how many seconds (fractional values are
220	supported) the callback should be invoked. C<cb> is the callback to invoke	242	supported) the callback should be invoked. C<cb> is the callback to invoke
…		…
341	might affect timers and time-outs.	363	might affect timers and time-outs.
342		364
343	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the	365	When this is the case, you can call this method, which will update the
344	event loop's idea of "current time".	366	event loop's idea of "current time".
345		367
		368	A typical example would be a script in a web server (e.g. C<mod_perl>) -
		369	when mod_perl executes the script, then the event loop will have the wrong
		370	idea about the "current time" (being potentially far in the past, when the
		371	script ran the last time). In that case you should arrange a call to C<<
		372	AnyEvent->now_update >> each time the web server process wakes up again
		373	(e.g. at the start of your script, or in a handler).
		374
346	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.	375	Note that updating the time I<might> cause some events to be handled.
347		376
348	=back	377	=back
349		378
350	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS	379	=head2 SIGNAL WATCHERS
		380
		381	$w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => <uppercase_signal_name>, cb => <callback>);
351		382
352	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal	383	You can watch for signals using a signal watcher, C<signal> is the signal
353	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl	384	I<name> in uppercase and without any C<SIG> prefix, C<cb> is the Perl
354	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.	385	callback to be invoked whenever a signal occurs.
355		386
…		…
368		399
369	This watcher might use C<%SIG> (depending on the event loop used),	400	This watcher might use C<%SIG> (depending on the event loop used),
370	so programs overwriting those signals directly will likely not work	401	so programs overwriting those signals directly will likely not work
371	correctly.	402	correctly.
372		403
		404	Example: exit on SIGINT
		405
		406	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });
		407
		408	=head3 Restart Behaviour
		409
		410	While restart behaviour is up to the event loop implementation, most will
		411	not restart syscalls (that includes L<Async::Interrupt> and AnyEvent's
		412	pure perl implementation).
		413
		414	=head3 Safe/Unsafe Signals
		415
		416	Perl signals can be either "safe" (synchronous to opcode handling) or
		417	"unsafe" (asynchronous) - the former might get delayed indefinitely, the
		418	latter might corrupt your memory.
		419
		420	AnyEvent signal handlers are, in addition, synchronous to the event loop,
		421	i.e. they will not interrupt your running perl program but will only be
		422	called as part of the normal event handling (just like timer, I/O etc.
		423	callbacks, too).
		424
		425	=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds
		426
373	Also note that many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not	427	Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching
374	support attaching callbacks to signals, which is a pity, as you cannot do	428	callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot
375	race-free signal handling in perl. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, but	429	do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for
		430	this. AnyEvent will try to do it's best, which means in some cases,
376	in some cases, signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might	431	signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is
377	be delayed is specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10	432	specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This
378	seconds). This variable can be changed only before the first signal	433	variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created,
379	watcher is created, and should be left alone otherwise. Higher values	434	and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often
		435	AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values
380	will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU	436	will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU
		437	saving.
		438
381	saving. All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional	439	All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional
382	L<Async::Interrupt> module.	440	L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not
383		441	work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib>
384	Example: exit on SIGINT	442	(and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does it's own workaround with
385		443	one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays.
386	my $w = AnyEvent->signal (signal => "INT", cb => sub { exit 1 });
387		444
388	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS	445	=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
389		446
		447	$w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>);
		448
390	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.	449	You can also watch on a child process exit and catch its exit status.
391		450
392	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (if set to C<0>, it	451	The child process is specified by the C<pid> argument (one some backends,
393	watches for any child process exit). The watcher will triggered only when	452	using C<0> watches for any child process exit, on others this will
394	the child process has finished and an exit status is available, not on	453	croak). The watcher will be triggered only when the child process has
395	any trace events (stopped/continued).	454	finished and an exit status is available, not on any trace events
		455	(stopped/continued).
396		456
397	The callback will be called with the pid and exit status (as returned by	457	The callback will be called with the pid and exit status (as returned by
398	waitpid), so unlike other watcher types, you I<can> rely on child watcher	458	waitpid), so unlike other watcher types, you I<can> rely on child watcher
399	callback arguments.	459	callback arguments.
400		460
…		…
441	# do something else, then wait for process exit	501	# do something else, then wait for process exit
442	$done->recv;	502	$done->recv;
443		503
444	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS	504	=head2 IDLE WATCHERS
445		505
446	Sometimes there is a need to do something, but it is not so important	506	$w = AnyEvent->idle (cb => <callback>);
447	to do it instantly, but only when there is nothing better to do. This
448	"nothing better to do" is usually defined to be "no other events need
449	attention by the event loop".
450		507
451	Idle watchers ideally get invoked when the event loop has nothing	508	Repeatedly invoke the callback after the process becomes idle, until
452	better to do, just before it would block the process to wait for new	509	either the watcher is destroyed or new events have been detected.
453	events. Instead of blocking, the idle watcher is invoked.
454		510
455	Most event loops unfortunately do not really support idle watchers (only	511	Idle watchers are useful when there is a need to do something, but it
		512	is not so important (or wise) to do it instantly. The callback will be
		513	invoked only when there is "nothing better to do", which is usually
		514	defined as "all outstanding events have been handled and no new events
		515	have been detected". That means that idle watchers ideally get invoked
		516	when the event loop has just polled for new events but none have been
		517	detected. Instead of blocking to wait for more events, the idle watchers
		518	will be invoked.
		519
		520	Unfortunately, most event loops do not really support idle watchers (only
456	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent	521	EV, Event and Glib do it in a usable fashion) - for the rest, AnyEvent
457	will simply call the callback "from time to time".	522	will simply call the callback "from time to time".
458		523
459	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the	524	Example: read lines from STDIN, but only process them when the
460	program is otherwise idle:	525	program is otherwise idle:
…		…
476	});	541	});
477	});	542	});
478		543
479	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES	544	=head2 CONDITION VARIABLES
480		545
		546	$cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
		547
		548	$cv->send (<list>);
		549	my @res = $cv->recv;
		550
481	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them	551	If you are familiar with some event loops you will know that all of them
482	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that	552	require you to run some blocking "loop", "run" or similar function that
483	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.	553	will actively watch for new events and call your callbacks.
484		554
485	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event	555	AnyEvent is slightly different: it expects somebody else to run the event
…		…
504	Condition variables are similar to callbacks, except that you can	574	Condition variables are similar to callbacks, except that you can
505	optionally wait for them. They can also be called merge points - points	575	optionally wait for them. They can also be called merge points - points
506	in time where multiple outstanding events have been processed. And yet	576	in time where multiple outstanding events have been processed. And yet
507	another way to call them is transactions - each condition variable can be	577	another way to call them is transactions - each condition variable can be
508	used to represent a transaction, which finishes at some point and delivers	578	used to represent a transaction, which finishes at some point and delivers
509	a result.	579	a result. And yet some people know them as "futures" - a promise to
		580	compute/deliver something that you can wait for.
510		581
511	Condition variables are very useful to signal that something has finished,	582	Condition variables are very useful to signal that something has finished,
512	for example, if you write a module that does asynchronous http requests,	583	for example, if you write a module that does asynchronous http requests,
513	then a condition variable would be the ideal candidate to signal the	584	then a condition variable would be the ideal candidate to signal the
514	availability of results. The user can either act when the callback is	585	availability of results. The user can either act when the callback is
…		…
548	after => 1,	619	after => 1,
549	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },	620	cb => sub { $result_ready->send },
550	);	621	);
551		622
552	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback	623	# this "blocks" (while handling events) till the callback
553	# calls -<send	624	# calls ->send
554	$result_ready->recv;	625	$result_ready->recv;
555		626
556	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition	627	Example: wait for a timer, but take advantage of the fact that condition
557	variables are also callable directly.	628	variables are also callable directly.
558		629
…		…
622	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want	693	one. For example, a function that pings many hosts in parallel might want
623	to use a condition variable for the whole process.	694	to use a condition variable for the whole process.
624		695
625	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to	696	Every call to C<< ->begin >> will increment a counter, and every call to
626	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end	697	C<< ->end >> will decrement it. If the counter reaches C<0> in C<< ->end
627	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed. That callback	698	>>, the (last) callback passed to C<begin> will be executed, passing the
628	is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send >>, but that is not required. If no	699	condvar as first argument. That callback is I<supposed> to call C<< ->send
629	callback was set, C<send> will be called without any arguments.	700	>>, but that is not required. If no group callback was set, C<send> will
		701	be called without any arguments.
630		702
631	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call	703	You can think of C<< $cv->send >> giving you an OR condition (one call
632	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND	704	sends), while C<< $cv->begin >> and C<< $cv->end >> giving you an AND
633	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).	705	condition (all C<begin> calls must be C<end>'ed before the condvar sends).
634		706
…		…
661	begung can potentially be zero:	733	begung can potentially be zero:
662		734
663	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	735	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
664		736
665	my %result;	737	my %result;
666	$cv->begin (sub { $cv->send (\%result) });	738	$cv->begin (sub { shift->send (\%result) });
667		739
668	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {	740	for my $host (@list_of_hosts) {
669	$cv->begin;	741	$cv->begin;
670	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {	742	ping_host_then_call_callback $host, sub {
671	$result{$host} = ...;	743	$result{$host} = ...;
…		…
746	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))	818	=item $cb = $cv->cb ($cb->($cv))
747		819
748	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally	820	This is a mutator function that returns the callback set and optionally
749	replaces it before doing so.	821	replaces it before doing so.
750		822
751	The callback will be called when the condition becomes "true", i.e. when	823	The callback will be called when the condition becomes (or already was)
752	C<send> or C<croak> are called, with the only argument being the condition	824	"true", i.e. when C<send> or C<croak> are called (or were called), with
753	variable itself. Calling C<recv> inside the callback or at any later time	825	the only argument being the condition variable itself. Calling C<recv>
754	is guaranteed not to block.	826	inside the callback or at any later time is guaranteed not to block.
755		827
756	=back	828	=back
757		829
758	=head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS	830	=head1 SUPPORTED EVENT LOOPS/BACKENDS
759		831
…		…
762	=over 4	834	=over 4
763		835
764	=item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found.	836	=item Backends that are autoprobed when no other event loop can be found.
765		837
766	EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in	838	EV is the preferred backend when no other event loop seems to be in
767	use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will try Event, and, failing	839	use. If EV is not installed, then AnyEvent will fall back to its own
768	that, will fall back to its own pure-perl implementation, which is	840	pure-perl implementation, which is available everywhere as it comes with
769	available everywhere as it comes with AnyEvent itself.	841	AnyEvent itself.
770		842
771	AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).	843	AnyEvent::Impl::EV based on EV (interface to libev, best choice).
772	AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches.
773	AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.	844	AnyEvent::Impl::Perl pure-perl implementation, fast and portable.
774		845
775	=item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.	846	=item Backends that are transparently being picked up when they are used.
776		847
777	These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher	848	These will be used when they are currently loaded when the first watcher
778	is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using	849	is created, in which case it is assumed that the application is using
779	them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend	850	them. This means that AnyEvent will automatically pick the right backend
780	when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to	851	when the main program loads an event module before anything starts to
781	create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.	852	create watchers. Nothing special needs to be done by the main program.
782		853
		854	AnyEvent::Impl::Event based on Event, very stable, few glitches.
783	AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.	855	AnyEvent::Impl::Glib based on Glib, slow but very stable.
784	AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.	856	AnyEvent::Impl::Tk based on Tk, very broken.
785	AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.	857	AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.
786	AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.	858	AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.
		859	AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.
787		860
788	=item Backends with special needs.	861	=item Backends with special needs.
789		862
790	Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will	863	Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will
791	otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program	864	otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program
…		…
865	event module detection too early, for example, L<AnyEvent::AIO> creates	938	event module detection too early, for example, L<AnyEvent::AIO> creates
866	and installs the global L<IO::AIO> watcher in a C<post_detect> block to	939	and installs the global L<IO::AIO> watcher in a C<post_detect> block to
867	avoid autodetecting the event module at load time.	940	avoid autodetecting the event module at load time.
868		941
869	If called in scalar or list context, then it creates and returns an object	942	If called in scalar or list context, then it creates and returns an object
870	that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed. See	943	that automatically removes the callback again when it is destroyed (or
		944	C<undef> when the hook was immediately executed). See L<AnyEvent::AIO> for
871	L<Coro::BDB> for a case where this is useful.	945	a case where this is useful.
		946
		947	Example: Create a watcher for the IO::AIO module and store it in
		948	C<$WATCHER>. Only do so after the event loop is initialised, though.
		949
		950	our WATCHER;
		951
		952	my $guard = AnyEvent::post_detect {
		953	$WATCHER = AnyEvent->io (fh => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, poll => 'r', cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
		954	};
		955
		956	# the \|\|= is important in case post_detect immediately runs the block,
		957	# as to not clobber the newly-created watcher. assigning both watcher and
		958	# post_detect guard to the same variable has the advantage of users being
		959	# able to just C<undef $WATCHER> if the watcher causes them grief.
		960
		961	$WATCHER \|\|= $guard;
872		962
873	=item @AnyEvent::post_detect	963	=item @AnyEvent::post_detect
874		964
875	If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it	965	If there are any code references in this array (you can C<push> to it
876	before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will called directly after	966	before or after loading AnyEvent), then they will called directly after
…		…
879	You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:	969	You should check C<$AnyEvent::MODEL> before adding to this array, though:
880	if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the	970	if it is defined then the event loop has already been detected, and the
881	array will be ignored.	971	array will be ignored.
882		972
883	Best use C<AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }> when your application allows	973	Best use C<AnyEvent::post_detect { BLOCK }> when your application allows
884	it,as it takes care of these details.	974	it, as it takes care of these details.
885		975
886	This variable is mainly useful for modules that can do something useful	976	This variable is mainly useful for modules that can do something useful
887	when AnyEvent is used and thus want to know when it is initialised, but do	977	when AnyEvent is used and thus want to know when it is initialised, but do
888	not need to even load it by default. This array provides the means to hook	978	not need to even load it by default. This array provides the means to hook
889	into AnyEvent passively, without loading it.	979	into AnyEvent passively, without loading it.
		980
		981	Example: To load Coro::AnyEvent whenever Coro and AnyEvent are used
		982	together, you could put this into Coro (this is the actual code used by
		983	Coro to accomplish this):
		984
		985	if (defined $AnyEvent::MODEL) {
		986	# AnyEvent already initialised, so load Coro::AnyEvent
		987	require Coro::AnyEvent;
		988	} else {
		989	# AnyEvent not yet initialised, so make sure to load Coro::AnyEvent
		990	# as soon as it is
		991	push @AnyEvent::post_detect, sub { require Coro::AnyEvent };
		992	}
890		993
891	=back	994	=back
892		995
893	=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE	996	=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE
894		997
…		…
1043		1146
1044	package AnyEvent;	1147	package AnyEvent;
1045		1148
1046	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense	1149	# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense
1047	sub common_sense {	1150	sub common_sense {
1048	# no warnings	1151	# from common:.sense 1.0
1049	${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS};	1152	${^WARNING_BITS} = "\xfc\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf3\xcf\xc0\xf3\xfc\x33\x00";
1050	# use strict vars subs	1153	# use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl)
1051	$^H \|= 0x00000600;	1154	$^H \|= 0x00000600;
1052	}	1155	}
1053		1156
1054	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }	1157	BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1055		1158
1056	use Carp ();	1159	use Carp ();
1057		1160
1058	our $VERSION = 4.85;	1161	our $VERSION = '5.251';
1059	our $MODEL;	1162	our $MODEL;
1060		1163
1061	our $AUTOLOAD;	1164	our $AUTOLOAD;
1062	our @ISA;	1165	our @ISA;
1063		1166
1064	our @REGISTRY;	1167	our @REGISTRY;
1065		1168
1066	our $WIN32;
1067
1068	our $VERBOSE;	1169	our $VERBOSE;
1069		1170
1070	BEGIN {	1171	BEGIN {
1071	eval "sub WIN32(){ " . (($^O =~ /mswin32/i)*1) ." }";	1172	require "AnyEvent/constants.pl";
		1173
1072	eval "sub TAINT(){ " . (${^TAINT}*1) . " }";	1174	eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT} *1) . "}";
1073		1175
1074	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}	1176	delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}
1075	if ${^TAINT};	1177	if ${^TAINT};
1076		1178
1077	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;	1179	$VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1;
…		…
1088	for reverse split /\s,\s/,	1190	for reverse split /\s,\s/,
1089	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";	1191	$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} \|\| "ipv4,ipv6";
1090	}	1192	}
1091		1193
1092	my @models = (	1194	my @models = (
1093	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV::],	1195	[EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1],
1094	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::],
1095	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl::],	1196	[AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1],
1096	# everything below here will not be autoprobed	1197	# everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed
1097	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere	1198	# as the pureperl backend should work everywhere
1098	# and is usually faster	1199	# and is usually faster
		1200	[Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1],
1099	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib::], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers	1201	[Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers
1100	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy	1202	[Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy
		1203	[Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package
1101	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles	1204	[Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles
1102	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program	1205	[Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program
1103	[POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza	1206	[POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza
1104	[Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],	1207	[Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1105	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],	1208	[Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1106	# IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its	1209	# IO::Async is just too broken - we would need workarounds for its
1107	# byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.	1210	# byzantine signal and broken child handling, among others.
1108	# IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any	1211	# IO::Async is rather hard to detect, as it doesn't have any
1109	# obvious default class.	1212	# obvious default class.
1110	# [IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1213	[IO::Async:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1111	# [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1214	[IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1112	# [IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program	1215	[IO::Async::Notifier:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
		1216	[AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # requires special main program
1113	);	1217	);
1114		1218
1115	our %method = map +($_ => 1),	1219	our %method = map +($_ => 1),
1116	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);	1220	qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar one_event DESTROY);
1117		1221
…		…
1121	my ($cb) = @_;	1225	my ($cb) = @_;
1122		1226
1123	if ($MODEL) {	1227	if ($MODEL) {
1124	$cb->();	1228	$cb->();
1125		1229
1126	1	1230	undef
1127	} else {	1231	} else {
1128	push @post_detect, $cb;	1232	push @post_detect, $cb;
1129		1233
1130	defined wantarray	1234	defined wantarray
1131	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"	1235	? bless \$cb, "AnyEvent::Util::postdetect"
…		…
1136	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {	1240	sub AnyEvent::Util::postdetect::DESTROY {
1137	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;	1241	@post_detect = grep $_ != ${$_[0]}, @post_detect;
1138	}	1242	}
1139		1243
1140	sub detect() {	1244	sub detect() {
		1245	# free some memory
		1246	*detect = sub () { $MODEL };
		1247
		1248	local $!; # for good measure
		1249	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		1250
		1251	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {
		1252	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
		1253	if (eval "require $model") {
		1254	$MODEL = $model;
		1255	warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
		1256	} else {
		1257	warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE;
		1258	}
		1259	}
		1260
		1261	# check for already loaded models
1141	unless ($MODEL) {	1262	unless ($MODEL) {
1142	local $SIG{__DIE__};	1263	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1143		1264	my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1144	if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)$/) {	1265	if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {
1145	my $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$1";
1146	if (eval "require $model") {	1266	if (eval "require $model") {
1147	$MODEL = $model;	1267	$MODEL = $model;
1148	warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;	1268	warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1149	} else {	1269	last;
1150	warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE;	1270	}
1151	}	1271	}
1152	}	1272	}
1153		1273
1154	# check for already loaded models
1155	unless ($MODEL) {	1274	unless ($MODEL) {
		1275	# try to autoload a model
1156	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {	1276	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1157	my ($package, $model) = @$_;	1277	my ($package, $model, $autoload) = @$_;
		1278	if (
		1279	$autoload
		1280	and eval "require $package"
1158	if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {	1281	and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1159	if (eval "require $model") {	1282	and eval "require $model"
		1283	) {
1160	$MODEL = $model;	1284	$MODEL = $model;
1161	warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;	1285	warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1162	last;	1286	last;
1163	}
1164	}	1287	}
1165	}	1288	}
1166		1289
1167	unless ($MODEL) {
1168	# try to load a model
1169
1170	for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1171	my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1172	if (eval "require $package"
1173	and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1174	and eval "require $model") {
1175	$MODEL = $model;
1176	warn "AnyEvent: autoprobed model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1177	last;
1178	}
1179	}
1180
1181	$MODEL	1290	$MODEL
1182	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";	1291	or die "No event module selected for AnyEvent and autodetect failed. Install any one of these modules: EV, Event or Glib.\n";
1183	}
1184	}	1292	}
1185
1186	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
1187
1188	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
1189
1190	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
1191
1192	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
1193	}	1293	}
		1294
		1295	@models = (); # free probe data
		1296
		1297	push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
		1298	unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
		1299
		1300	require AnyEvent::Strict if $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT};
		1301
		1302	(shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
1194		1303
1195	$MODEL	1304	$MODEL
1196	}	1305	}
1197		1306
1198	sub AUTOLOAD {	1307	sub AUTOLOAD {
1199	(my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://;	1308	(my $func = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*://;
1200		1309
1201	$method{$func}	1310	$method{$func}
1202	or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid method for AnyEvent objects";	1311	or Carp::croak "$func: not a valid AnyEvent class method";
1203		1312
1204	detect unless $MODEL;	1313	detect;
1205		1314
1206	my $class = shift;	1315	my $class = shift;
1207	$class->$func (@_);	1316	$class->$func (@_);
1208	}	1317	}
1209		1318
…		…
1222	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases	1331	# we assume CLOEXEC is already set by perl in all important cases
1223		1332
1224	($fh2, $rw)	1333	($fh2, $rw)
1225	}	1334	}
1226		1335
		1336	=head1 SIMPLIFIED AE API
		1337
		1338	Starting with version 5.0, AnyEvent officially supports a second, much
		1339	simpler, API that is designed to reduce the calling, typing and memory
		1340	overhead.
		1341
		1342	See the L<AE> manpage for details.
		1343
		1344	=cut
		1345
		1346	package AE;
		1347
		1348	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		1349
		1350	sub io($$$) {
		1351	AnyEvent->io (fh => $_[0], poll => $_[1] ? "w" : "r", cb => $_[2])
		1352	}
		1353
		1354	sub timer($$$) {
		1355	AnyEvent->timer (after => $_[0], interval => $_[1], cb => $_[2])
		1356	}
		1357
		1358	sub signal($$) {
		1359	AnyEvent->signal (signal => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
		1360	}
		1361
		1362	sub child($$) {
		1363	AnyEvent->child (pid => $_[0], cb => $_[1])
		1364	}
		1365
		1366	sub idle($) {
		1367	AnyEvent->idle (cb => $_[0])
		1368	}
		1369
		1370	sub cv(;&) {
		1371	AnyEvent->condvar (@_ ? (cb => $_[0]) : ())
		1372	}
		1373
		1374	sub now() {
		1375	AnyEvent->now
		1376	}
		1377
		1378	sub now_update() {
		1379	AnyEvent->now_update
		1380	}
		1381
		1382	sub time() {
		1383	AnyEvent->time
		1384	}
		1385
1227	package AnyEvent::Base;	1386	package AnyEvent::Base;
1228		1387
1229	# default implementations for many methods	1388	# default implementations for many methods
1230		1389
1231	sub _time {	1390	sub _time() {
		1391	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading
1232	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes	1392	# probe for availability of Time::HiRes
1233	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {	1393	if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
1234	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;	1394	warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1235	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;	1395	*_time = \&Time::HiRes::time;
1236	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...	1396	# if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
1237	} else {	1397	} else {
1238	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;	1398	warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE;
1239	*_time = sub { time }; # epic fail	1399	*_time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail
		1400	}
1240	}	1401	};
		1402	die if $@;
1241		1403
1242	&_time	1404	&_time
1243	}	1405	}
1244		1406
1245	sub time { _time }	1407	sub time { _time }
…		…
1253	}	1415	}
1254		1416
1255	# default implementation for ->signal	1417	# default implementation for ->signal
1256		1418
1257	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;	1419	our $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
		1420
		1421	sub _have_async_interrupt() {
		1422	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1*(!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT}
		1423	&& eval "use Async::Interrupt 1.02 (); 1")
		1424	unless defined $HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT;
		1425
		1426	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1427	}
		1428
1258	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);	1429	our ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W, %SIG_CB, %SIG_EV, $SIG_IO);
1259	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);	1430	our (%SIG_ASY, %SIG_ASY_W);
1260	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);	1431	our ($SIG_COUNT, $SIG_TW);
1261		1432
1262	sub _signal_exec {	1433	# install a dummy wakeup watcher to reduce signal catching latency
1263	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT	1434	# used by Impls
1264	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain	1435	sub _sig_add() {
1265	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, my $dummy, 9;	1436	unless ($SIG_COUNT++) {
		1437	# try to align timer on a full-second boundary, if possible
		1438	my $NOW = AE::now;
1266		1439
1267	while (%SIG_EV) {	1440	$SIG_TW = AE::timer
1268	for (keys %SIG_EV) {	1441	$MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY - ($NOW - int $NOW),
1269	delete $SIG_EV{$_};	1442	$MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,
1270	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };	1443	sub { } # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK
1271	}	1444	;
1272	}	1445	}
1273	}	1446	}
1274		1447
1275	sub _signal {	1448	sub _sig_del {
1276	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1277
1278	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
1279	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
1280
1281	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1282
1283	if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {
1284	# async::interrupt
1285
1286	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= do {
1287	my $asy = new Async::Interrupt
1288	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },
1289	signal => $signal,
1290	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],
1291	;
1292	$asy->pipe_autodrain (0);
1293
1294	$asy
1295	};
1296
1297	} else {
1298	# pure perl
1299
1300	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
1301	local $!;
1302	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
1303	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
1304	};
1305
1306	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
1307	# so limit the signal latency.
1308	++$SIG_COUNT;
1309	$SIG_TW \|\|= AnyEvent->timer (
1310	after => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,
1311	interval => $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY,
1312	cb => sub { }, # just for the PERL_ASYNC_CHECK
1313	);
1314	}
1315
1316	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
1317	}
1318
1319	sub signal {
1320	# probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
1321	if (!$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT} && eval "use Async::Interrupt 0.6 (); 1") {
1322	warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1323
1324	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT = 1;
1325	$SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1326	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1327
1328	} else {
1329	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
1330
1331	require Fcntl;
1332
1333	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1334	require AnyEvent::Util;
1335
1336	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
1337	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R) if $SIGPIPE_R;
1338	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1339	} else {
1340	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
1341	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
1342	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFL, &Fcntl::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
1343
1344	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
1345	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1346	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, &Fcntl::F_SETFD, &Fcntl::FD_CLOEXEC;
1347	}
1348
1349	$SIGPIPE_R
1350	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
1351
1352	$SIG_IO = AnyEvent->io (fh => $SIGPIPE_R, poll => "r", cb => \&_signal_exec);
1353	}
1354
1355	*signal = \&_signal;
1356	&signal
1357	}
1358
1359	sub AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY {
1360	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1361
1362	undef $SIG_TW	1449	undef $SIG_TW
1363	unless --$SIG_COUNT;	1450	unless --$SIG_COUNT;
		1451	}
1364		1452
		1453	our $_sig_name_init; $_sig_name_init = sub {
		1454	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading
		1455	undef $_sig_name_init;
		1456
		1457	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
		1458	*sig2num = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2num;
		1459	*sig2name = \&Async::Interrupt::sig2name;
		1460	} else {
		1461	require Config;
		1462
		1463	my %signame2num;
		1464	@signame2num{ split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_name} }
		1465	= split ' ', $Config::Config{sig_num};
		1466
		1467	my @signum2name;
		1468	@signum2name[values %signame2num] = keys %signame2num;
		1469
		1470	*sig2num = sub($) {
		1471	$_[0] > 0 ? shift : $signame2num{+shift}
		1472	};
		1473	*sig2name = sub ($) {
		1474	$_[0] > 0 ? $signum2name[+shift] : shift
		1475	};
		1476	}
		1477	};
		1478	die if $@;
		1479	};
		1480
		1481	sub sig2num ($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2num }
		1482	sub sig2name($) { &$_sig_name_init; &sig2name }
		1483
		1484	sub signal {
		1485	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1486	# probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
		1487	if (_have_async_interrupt) {
		1488	warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
		1489
		1490	$SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
		1491	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec;
		1492
		1493	} else {
		1494	warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8;
		1495
		1496	if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
		1497	require AnyEvent::Util;
		1498
		1499	($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
		1500	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_R, 1) if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1501	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking ($SIGPIPE_W, 1) if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1502	} else {
		1503	pipe $SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W;
		1504	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, AnyEvent::F_SETFL, AnyEvent::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_R;
		1505	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, AnyEvent::F_SETFL, AnyEvent::O_NONBLOCK if $SIGPIPE_W; # just in case
		1506
		1507	# not strictly required, as $^F is normally 2, but let's make sure...
		1508	fcntl $SIGPIPE_R, AnyEvent::F_SETFD, AnyEvent::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1509	fcntl $SIGPIPE_W, AnyEvent::F_SETFD, AnyEvent::FD_CLOEXEC;
		1510	}
		1511
		1512	$SIGPIPE_R
		1513	or Carp::croak "AnyEvent: unable to create a signal reporting pipe: $!\n";
		1514
		1515	$SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R, 0, \&_signal_exec;
		1516	}
		1517
		1518	*signal = sub {
		1519	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
		1520
		1521	my $signal = uc $arg{signal}
		1522	or Carp::croak "required option 'signal' is missing";
		1523
		1524	if ($HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT) {
		1525	# async::interrupt
		1526
		1527	$signal = sig2num $signal;
		1528	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
		1529
		1530	$SIG_ASY{$signal} \|\|= new Async::Interrupt
		1531	cb => sub { undef $SIG_EV{$signal} },
		1532	signal => $signal,
		1533	pipe => [$SIGPIPE_R->filenos],
		1534	pipe_autodrain => 0,
		1535	;
		1536
		1537	} else {
		1538	# pure perl
		1539
		1540	# AE::Util has been loaded in signal
		1541	$signal = sig2name $signal;
		1542	$SIG_CB{$signal}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
		1543
		1544	$SIG{$signal} \|\|= sub {
		1545	local $!;
		1546	syswrite $SIGPIPE_W, "\x00", 1 unless %SIG_EV;
		1547	undef $SIG_EV{$signal};
		1548	};
		1549
		1550	# can't do signal processing without introducing races in pure perl,
		1551	# so limit the signal latency.
		1552	_sig_add;
		1553	}
		1554
		1555	bless [$signal, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::signal"
		1556	};
		1557
		1558	*AnyEvent::Base::signal::DESTROY = sub {
		1559	my ($signal, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
		1560
		1561	_sig_del;
		1562
1365	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};	1563	delete $SIG_CB{$signal}{$cb};
1366		1564
1367	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT	1565	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
1368	? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}	1566	? delete $SIG_ASY{$signal}
1369	: # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then	1567	: # delete doesn't work with older perls - they then
1370	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit	1568	# print weird messages, or just unconditionally exit
1371	# instead of getting the default action.	1569	# instead of getting the default action.
1372	undef $SIG{$signal}	1570	undef $SIG{$signal}
1373	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };	1571	unless keys %{ $SIG_CB{$signal} };
		1572	};
		1573
		1574	*_signal_exec = sub {
		1575	$HAVE_ASYNC_INTERRUPT
		1576	? $SIGPIPE_R->drain
		1577	: sysread $SIGPIPE_R, (my $dummy), 9;
		1578
		1579	while (%SIG_EV) {
		1580	for (keys %SIG_EV) {
		1581	delete $SIG_EV{$_};
		1582	$_->() for values %{ $SIG_CB{$_} \|\| {} };
		1583	}
		1584	}
		1585	};
		1586	};
		1587	die if $@;
		1588
		1589	&signal
1374	}	1590	}
1375		1591
1376	# default implementation for ->child	1592	# default implementation for ->child
1377		1593
1378	our %PID_CB;	1594	our %PID_CB;
1379	our $CHLD_W;	1595	our $CHLD_W;
1380	our $CHLD_DELAY_W;	1596	our $CHLD_DELAY_W;
1381	our $WNOHANG;	1597	our $WNOHANG;
1382		1598
1383	sub _sigchld {	1599	# used by many Impl's
1384	while (0 < (my $pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG)) {	1600	sub _emit_childstatus($$) {
1385	$_->($pid, $?)	1601	my (undef, $rpid, $rstatus) = @_;
		1602
		1603	$_->($rpid, $rstatus)
1386	for values %{ $PID_CB{$pid} \|\| {} },	1604	for values %{ $PID_CB{$rpid} \|\| {} },
1387	values %{ $PID_CB{0} \|\| {} };	1605	values %{ $PID_CB{0} \|\| {} };
1388	}
1389	}	1606	}
1390		1607
1391	sub child {	1608	sub child {
		1609	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1610	*_sigchld = sub {
		1611	my $pid;
		1612
		1613	AnyEvent->_emit_childstatus ($pid, $?)
		1614	while ($pid = waitpid -1, $WNOHANG) > 0;
		1615	};
		1616
		1617	*child = sub {
1392	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1618	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1393		1619
1394	defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)	1620	defined (my $pid = $arg{pid} + 0)
1395	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";	1621	or Carp::croak "required option 'pid' is missing";
1396		1622
1397	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};	1623	$PID_CB{$pid}{$arg{cb}} = $arg{cb};
1398		1624
1399	# WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere	1625	# WNOHANG is almost cetrainly 1 everywhere
1400	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/	1626	$WNOHANG \|\|= $^O =~ /^(?:openbsd\|netbsd\|linux\|freebsd\|cygwin\|MSWin32)$/
1401	? 1	1627	? 1
1402	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;	1628	: eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; require POSIX; &POSIX::WNOHANG } \|\| 1;
1403		1629
1404	unless ($CHLD_W) {	1630	unless ($CHLD_W) {
1405	$CHLD_W = AnyEvent->signal (signal => 'CHLD', cb => \&_sigchld);	1631	$CHLD_W = AE::signal CHLD => \&_sigchld;
1406	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round	1632	# child could be a zombie already, so make at least one round
1407	&_sigchld;	1633	&_sigchld;
1408	}	1634	}
1409		1635
1410	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"	1636	bless [$pid, $arg{cb}], "AnyEvent::Base::child"
1411	}	1637	};
1412		1638
1413	sub AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY {	1639	*AnyEvent::Base::child::DESTROY = sub {
1414	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};	1640	my ($pid, $cb) = @{$_[0]};
1415		1641
1416	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};	1642	delete $PID_CB{$pid}{$cb};
1417	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };	1643	delete $PID_CB{$pid} unless keys %{ $PID_CB{$pid} };
1418		1644
1419	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;	1645	undef $CHLD_W unless keys %PID_CB;
		1646	};
		1647	};
		1648	die if $@;
		1649
		1650	&child
1420	}	1651	}
1421		1652
1422	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless	1653	# idle emulation is done by simply using a timer, regardless
1423	# of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting	1654	# of whether the process is idle or not, and not letting
1424	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.	1655	# the callback use more than 50% of the time.
1425	sub idle {	1656	sub idle {
		1657	eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
		1658	*idle = sub {
1426	my (undef, %arg) = @_;	1659	my (undef, %arg) = @_;
1427		1660
1428	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};	1661	my ($cb, $w, $rcb) = $arg{cb};
1429		1662
1430	$rcb = sub {	1663	$rcb = sub {
1431	if ($cb) {	1664	if ($cb) {
1432	$w = _time;	1665	$w = _time;
1433	&$cb;	1666	&$cb;
1434	$w = _time - $w;	1667	$w = _time - $w;
1435		1668
1436	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,	1669	# never use more then 50% of the time for the idle watcher,
1437	# within some limits	1670	# within some limits
1438	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;	1671	$w = 0.0001 if $w < 0.0001;
1439	$w = 5 if $w > 5;	1672	$w = 5 if $w > 5;
1440		1673
1441	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => $w, cb => $rcb);	1674	$w = AE::timer $w, 0, $rcb;
1442	} else {	1675	} else {
1443	# clean up...	1676	# clean up...
1444	undef $w;	1677	undef $w;
1445	undef $rcb;	1678	undef $rcb;
		1679	}
		1680	};
		1681
		1682	$w = AE::timer 0.05, 0, $rcb;
		1683
		1684	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1446	}	1685	};
		1686
		1687	*AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY = sub {
		1688	undef $${$_[0]};
		1689	};
1447	};	1690	};
		1691	die if $@;
1448		1692
1449	$w = AnyEvent->timer (after => 0.05, cb => $rcb);	1693	&idle
1450
1451	bless \\$cb, "AnyEvent::Base::idle"
1452	}
1453
1454	sub AnyEvent::Base::idle::DESTROY {
1455	undef $${$_[0]};
1456	}	1694	}
1457		1695
1458	package AnyEvent::CondVar;	1696	package AnyEvent::CondVar;
1459		1697
1460	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;	1698	our @ISA = AnyEvent::CondVar::Base::;
…		…
1508	Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};	1746	Carp::croak $_[0]{_ae_croak} if $_[0]{_ae_croak};
1509	wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]	1747	wantarray ? @{ $_[0]{_ae_sent} } : $_[0]{_ae_sent}[0]
1510	}	1748	}
1511		1749
1512	sub cb {	1750	sub cb {
1513	$_[0]{_ae_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;	1751	my $cv = shift;
		1752
		1753	@_
		1754	and $cv->{_ae_cb} = shift
		1755	and $cv->{_ae_sent}
		1756	and (delete $cv->{_ae_cb})->($cv);
		1757
1514	$_[0]{_ae_cb}	1758	$cv->{_ae_cb}
1515	}	1759	}
1516		1760
1517	sub begin {	1761	sub begin {
1518	++$_[0]{_ae_counter};	1762	++$_[0]{_ae_counter};
1519	$_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;	1763	$_[0]{_ae_end_cb} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
…		…
1728	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read	1972	warn "read: $input\n"; # output what has been read
1729	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i	1973	$cv->send if $input =~ /^q/i; # quit program if /^q/i
1730	},	1974	},
1731	);	1975	);
1732		1976
1733	my $time_watcher; # can only be used once
1734
1735	sub new_timer {
1736	$timer = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, cb => sub {	1977	my $time_watcher = AnyEvent->timer (after => 1, interval => 1, cb => sub {
1737	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' about every second	1978	warn "timeout\n"; # print 'timeout' at most every second
1738	&new_timer; # and restart the time
1739	});	1979	});
1740	}
1741
1742	new_timer; # create first timer
1743		1980
1744	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i	1981	$cv->recv; # wait until user enters /^q/i
1745		1982
1746	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE	1983	=head1 REAL-WORLD EXAMPLE
1747		1984
…		…
1878	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero	2115	through AnyEvent. The benchmark creates a lot of timers (with a zero
1879	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,	2116	timeout) and I/O watchers (watching STDOUT, a pty, to become writable,
1880	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.	2117	which it is), lets them fire exactly once and destroys them again.
1881		2118
1882	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent	2119	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench> in the AnyEvent
1883	distribution.	2120	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2121	for the EV and Perl backends only.
1884		2122
1885	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2123	=head3 Explanation of the columns
1886		2124
1887	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since	2125	I<watcher> is the number of event watchers created/destroyed. Since
1888	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event	2126	different event models feature vastly different performances, each event
…		…
1909	watcher.	2147	watcher.
1910		2148
1911	=head3 Results	2149	=head3 Results
1912		2150
1913	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment	2151	name watchers bytes create invoke destroy comment
1914	EV/EV 400000 224 0.47 0.35 0.27 EV native interface	2152	EV/EV 100000 223 0.47 0.43 0.27 EV native interface
1915	EV/Any 100000 224 2.88 0.34 0.27 EV + AnyEvent watchers	2153	EV/Any 100000 223 0.48 0.42 0.26 EV + AnyEvent watchers
1916	CoroEV/Any 100000 224 2.85 0.35 0.28 coroutines + Coro::Signal	2154	Coro::EV/Any 100000 223 0.47 0.42 0.26 coroutines + Coro::Signal
1917	Perl/Any 100000 452 4.13 0.73 0.95 pure perl implementation	2155	Perl/Any 100000 431 2.70 0.74 0.92 pure perl implementation
1918	Event/Event 16000 517 32.20 31.80 0.81 Event native interface	2156	Event/Event 16000 516 31.16 31.84 0.82 Event native interface
1919	Event/Any 16000 590 35.85 31.55 1.06 Event + AnyEvent watchers	2157	Event/Any 16000 1203 42.61 34.79 1.80 Event + AnyEvent watchers
1920	IOAsync/Any 16000 989 38.10 32.77 11.13 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll	2158	IOAsync/Any 16000 1911 41.92 27.45 16.81 via IO::Async::Loop::IO_Poll
1921	IOAsync/Any 16000 990 37.59 29.50 10.61 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll	2159	IOAsync/Any 16000 1726 40.69 26.37 15.25 via IO::Async::Loop::Epoll
1922	Glib/Any 16000 1357 102.33 12.31 51.00 quadratic behaviour	2160	Glib/Any 16000 1118 89.00 12.57 51.17 quadratic behaviour
1923	Tk/Any 2000 1860 27.20 66.31 14.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers	2161	Tk/Any 2000 1346 20.96 10.75 8.00 SEGV with >> 2000 watchers
1924	POE/Event 2000 6328 109.99 751.67 14.02 via POE::Loop::Event	2162	POE/Any 2000 6951 108.97 795.32 14.24 via POE::Loop::Event
1925	POE/Select 2000 6027 94.54 809.13 579.80 via POE::Loop::Select	2163	POE/Any 2000 6648 94.79 774.40 575.51 via POE::Loop::Select
1926		2164
1927	=head3 Discussion	2165	=head3 Discussion
1928		2166
1929	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very	2167	The benchmark does I<not> measure scalability of the event loop very
1930	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)	2168	well. For example, a select-based event loop (such as the pure perl one)
…		…
1942	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with	2180	benchmark machine, handling an event takes roughly 1600 CPU cycles with
1943	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU	2181	EV, 3100 CPU cycles with AnyEvent's pure perl loop and almost 3000000 CPU
1944	cycles with POE.	2182	cycles with POE.
1945		2183
1946	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both	2184	C<EV> is the sole leader regarding speed and memory use, which are both
1947	maximal/minimal, respectively. Even when going through AnyEvent, it uses	2185	maximal/minimal, respectively. When using the L<AE> API there is zero
		2186	overhead (when going through the AnyEvent API create is about 5-6 times
		2187	slower, with other times being equal, so still uses far less memory than
1948	far less memory than any other event loop and is still faster than Event	2188	any other event loop and is still faster than Event natively).
1949	natively.
1950		2189
1951	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the	2190	The pure perl implementation is hit in a few sweet spots (both the
1952	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl	2191	constant timeout and the use of a single fd hit optimisations in the perl
1953	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it	2192	interpreter and the backend itself). Nevertheless this shows that it
1954	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its	2193	adds very little overhead in itself. Like any select-based backend its
…		…
2028	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100	2267	In this benchmark, we use 10000 socket pairs (20000 sockets), of which 100
2029	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many	2268	(1%) are active. This mirrors the activity of large servers with many
2030	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.	2269	connections, most of which are idle at any one point in time.
2031		2270
2032	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent	2271	Source code for this benchmark is found as F<eg/bench2> in the AnyEvent
2033	distribution.	2272	distribution. It uses the L<AE> interface, which makes a real difference
		2273	for the EV and Perl backends only.
2034		2274
2035	=head3 Explanation of the columns	2275	=head3 Explanation of the columns
2036		2276
2037	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as	2277	I<sockets> is the number of sockets, and twice the number of "servers" (as
2038	each server has a read and write socket end).	2278	each server has a read and write socket end).
…		…
2046	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.	2286	a new one that moves the timeout into the future.
2047		2287
2048	=head3 Results	2288	=head3 Results
2049		2289
2050	name sockets create request	2290	name sockets create request
2051	EV 20000 69.01 11.16	2291	EV 20000 62.66 7.99
2052	Perl 20000 73.32 35.87	2292	Perl 20000 68.32 32.64
2053	IOAsync 20000 157.00 98.14 epoll	2293	IOAsync 20000 174.06 101.15 epoll
2054	IOAsync 20000 159.31 616.06 poll	2294	IOAsync 20000 174.67 610.84 poll
2055	Event 20000 212.62 257.32	2295	Event 20000 202.69 242.91
2056	Glib 20000 651.16 1896.30	2296	Glib 20000 557.01 1689.52
2057	POE 20000 349.67 12317.24 uses POE::Loop::Event	2297	POE 20000 341.54 12086.32 uses POE::Loop::Event
2058		2298
2059	=head3 Discussion	2299	=head3 Discussion
2060		2300
2061	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the	2301	This benchmark I<does> measure scalability and overall performance of the
2062	particular event loop.	2302	particular event loop.
…		…
2188	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the	2428	As you can see, the AnyEvent + EV combination even beats the
2189	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl	2429	hand-optimised "raw sockets benchmark", while AnyEvent + its pure perl
2190	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.	2430	backend easily beats IO::Lambda and POE.
2191		2431
2192	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and	2432	And even the 100% non-blocking version written using the high-level (and
2193	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda by a	2433	slow :) L<AnyEvent::Handle> abstraction beats both POE and IO::Lambda
2194	large margin, even though it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O	2434	higher level ("unoptimised") abstractions by a large margin, even though
2195	in a non-blocking way.	2435	it does all of DNS, tcp-connect and socket I/O in a non-blocking way.
2196		2436
2197	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and	2437	The two AnyEvent benchmarks programs can be found as F<eg/ae0.pl> and
2198	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are	2438	F<eg/ae2.pl> in the AnyEvent distribution, the remaining benchmarks are
2199	part of the IO::lambda distribution and were used without any changes.	2439	part of the IO::Lambda distribution and were used without any changes.
2200		2440
2201		2441
2202	=head1 SIGNALS	2442	=head1 SIGNALS
2203		2443
2204	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:	2444	AnyEvent currently installs handlers for these signals:
…		…
2246	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.	2486	it's built-in modules) are required to use it.
2247		2487
2248	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional	2488	That does not mean that AnyEvent won't take advantage of some additional
2249	modules if they are installed.	2489	modules if they are installed.
2250		2490
2251	This section epxlains which additional modules will be used, and how they	2491	This section explains which additional modules will be used, and how they
2252	affect AnyEvent's operetion.	2492	affect AnyEvent's operation.
2253		2493
2254	=over 4	2494	=over 4
2255		2495
2256	=item L<Async::Interrupt>	2496	=item L<Async::Interrupt>
2257		2497
2258	This slightly arcane module is used to implement fast signal handling: To	2498	This slightly arcane module is used to implement fast signal handling: To
2259	my knowledge, there is no way to do completely race-free and quick	2499	my knowledge, there is no way to do completely race-free and quick
2260	signal handling in pure perl. To ensure that signals still get	2500	signal handling in pure perl. To ensure that signals still get
2261	delivered, AnyEvent will start an interval timer to wake up perl (and	2501	delivered, AnyEvent will start an interval timer to wake up perl (and
2262	catch the signals) with soemd elay (default is 10 seconds, look for	2502	catch the signals) with some delay (default is 10 seconds, look for
2263	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).	2503	C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>).
2264		2504
2265	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal	2505	If this module is available, then it will be used to implement signal
2266	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop	2506	catching, which means that signals will not be delayed, and the event loop
2267	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (And good for	2507	will not be interrupted regularly, which is more efficient (and good for
2268	battery life on laptops).	2508	battery life on laptops).
2269		2509
2270	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops	2510	This affects not just the pure-perl event loop, but also other event loops
2271	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).	2511	that have no signal handling on their own (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt).
		2512
		2513	Some event loops (POE, Event, Event::Lib) offer signal watchers natively,
		2514	and either employ their own workarounds (POE) or use AnyEvent's workaround
		2515	(using C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>). Installing L<Async::Interrupt>
		2516	does nothing for those backends.
2272		2517
2273	=item L<EV>	2518	=item L<EV>
2274		2519
2275	This module isn't really "optional", as it is simply one of the backend	2520	This module isn't really "optional", as it is simply one of the backend
2276	event loops that AnyEvent can use. However, it is simply the best event	2521	event loops that AnyEvent can use. However, it is simply the best event
…		…
2279	automatic timer adjustments even when no monotonic clock is available,	2524	automatic timer adjustments even when no monotonic clock is available,
2280	can take avdantage of advanced kernel interfaces such as C<epoll> and	2525	can take avdantage of advanced kernel interfaces such as C<epoll> and
2281	C<kqueue>, and is the fastest backend I<by far>. You can even embed	2526	C<kqueue>, and is the fastest backend I<by far>. You can even embed
2282	L<Glib>/L<Gtk2> in it (or vice versa, see L<EV::Glib> and L<Glib::EV>).	2527	L<Glib>/L<Gtk2> in it (or vice versa, see L<EV::Glib> and L<Glib::EV>).
2283		2528
		2529	If you only use backends that rely on another event loop (e.g. C<Tk>),
		2530	then this module will do nothing for you.
		2531
2284	=item L<Guard>	2532	=item L<Guard>
2285		2533
2286	The guard module, when used, will be used to implement	2534	The guard module, when used, will be used to implement
2287	C<AnyEvent::Util::guard>. This speeds up guards considerably (and uses a	2535	C<AnyEvent::Util::guard>. This speeds up guards considerably (and uses a
2288	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is	2536	lot less memory), but otherwise doesn't affect guard operation much. It is
2289	purely used for performance.	2537	purely used for performance.
2290		2538
2291	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>	2539	=item L<JSON> and L<JSON::XS>
2292		2540
2293	This module is required when you want to read or write JSON data via	2541	One of these modules is required when you want to read or write JSON data
2294	L<AnyEvent::Handle>. It is also written in pure-perl, but can take	2542	via L<AnyEvent::Handle>. L<JSON> is also written in pure-perl, but can take
2295	advantage of the ulta-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.	2543	advantage of the ultra-high-speed L<JSON::XS> module when it is installed.
2296
2297	In fact, L<AnyEvent::Handle> will use L<JSON::XS> by default if it is
2298	installed.
2299		2544
2300	=item L<Net::SSLeay>	2545	=item L<Net::SSLeay>
2301		2546
2302	Implementing TLS/SSL in Perl is certainly interesting, but not very	2547	Implementing TLS/SSL in Perl is certainly interesting, but not very
2303	worthwhile: If this module is installed, then L<AnyEvent::Handle> (with	2548	worthwhile: If this module is installed, then L<AnyEvent::Handle> (with
…		…
2314		2559
2315		2560
2316	=head1 FORK	2561	=head1 FORK
2317		2562
2318	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are	2563	Most event libraries are not fork-safe. The ones who are usually are
2319	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll>	2564	because they rely on inefficient but fork-safe C<select> or C<poll> calls
2320	calls. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware.	2565	- higher performance APIs such as BSD's kqueue or the dreaded Linux epoll
		2566	are usually badly thought-out hacks that are incompatible with fork in
		2567	one way or another. Only L<EV> is fully fork-aware and ensures that you
		2568	continue event-processing in both parent and child (or both, if you know
		2569	what you are doing).
		2570
		2571	This means that, in general, you cannot fork and do event processing in
		2572	the child if the event library was initialised before the fork (which
		2573	usually happens when the first AnyEvent watcher is created, or the library
		2574	is loaded).
2321		2575
2322	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first	2576	If you have to fork, you must either do so I<before> creating your first
2323	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do	2577	watcher OR you must not use AnyEvent at all in the child OR you must do
2324	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.	2578	something completely out of the scope of AnyEvent.
		2579
		2580	The problem of doing event processing in the parent I<and> the child
		2581	is much more complicated: even for backends that I<are> fork-aware or
		2582	fork-safe, their behaviour is not usually what you want: fork clones all
		2583	watchers, that means all timers, I/O watchers etc. are active in both
		2584	parent and child, which is almost never what you want. USing C<exec>
		2585	to start worker children from some kind of manage rprocess is usually
		2586	preferred, because it is much easier and cleaner, at the expense of having
		2587	to have another binary.
2325		2588
2326		2589
2327	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS	2590	=head1 SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
2328		2591
2329	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via	2592	AnyEvent can be forced to load any event model via
…		…
2367	L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>.	2630	L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>.
2368		2631
2369	Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>,	2632	Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>,
2370	L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>,	2633	L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>,
2371	L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>,	2634	L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>,
2372	L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>.	2635	L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>.
2373		2636
2374	Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and	2637	Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and
2375	servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>.	2638	servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>.
2376		2639
2377	Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>.	2640	Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>.

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents): Revision 1.245 by root, Sat Jul 18 05:19:09 2009 UTC vs. Revision 1.316 by root, Mon Mar 15 18:51:30 2010 UTC

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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.245 by root, Sat Jul 18 05:19:09 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.316 by root, Mon Mar 15 18:51:30 2010 UTC