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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.360 by root, Sat Aug 13 22:44:05 2011 UTC vs.
Revision 1.398 by root, Tue Mar 27 16:21:11 2012 UTC

1=head1 NAME 1=head1 NAME
2 2
3AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming 3AnyEvent - the DBI of event loop programming
4 4
5EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt 5EV, Event, Glib, Tk, Perl, Event::Lib, Irssi, rxvt-unicode, IO::Async, Qt,
6and POE are various supported event loops/environments. 6FLTK and POE are various supported event loops/environments.
7 7
8=head1 SYNOPSIS 8=head1 SYNOPSIS
9 9
10 use AnyEvent; 10 use AnyEvent;
11 11
… …
415not restart syscalls (that includes L<Async::Interrupt> and AnyEvent's 415not restart syscalls (that includes L<Async::Interrupt> and AnyEvent's
416pure perl implementation). 416pure perl implementation).
417 417
418=head3 Safe/Unsafe Signals 418=head3 Safe/Unsafe Signals
419 419
420Perl signals can be either "safe" (synchronous to opcode handling) or 420Perl signals can be either "safe" (synchronous to opcode handling)
421"unsafe" (asynchronous) - the former might get delayed indefinitely, the 421or "unsafe" (asynchronous) - the former might delay signal delivery
422latter might corrupt your memory. 422indefinitely, the latter might corrupt your memory.
423 423
424AnyEvent signal handlers are, in addition, synchronous to the event loop, 424AnyEvent signal handlers are, in addition, synchronous to the event loop,
425i.e. they will not interrupt your running perl program but will only be 425i.e. they will not interrupt your running perl program but will only be
426called as part of the normal event handling (just like timer, I/O etc. 426called as part of the normal event handling (just like timer, I/O etc.
427callbacks, too). 427callbacks, too).
428 428
429=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds 429=head3 Signal Races, Delays and Workarounds
430 430
431Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support attaching 431Many event loops (e.g. Glib, Tk, Qt, IO::Async) do not support
432callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity, as you cannot 432attaching callbacks to signals in a generic way, which is a pity,
433do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring C libraries for 433as you cannot do race-free signal handling in perl, requiring
434this. AnyEvent will try to do its best, which means in some cases, 434C libraries for this. AnyEvent will try to do its best, which
435signals will be delayed. The maximum time a signal might be delayed is 435means in some cases, signals will be delayed. The maximum time
436specified in C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> (default: 10 seconds). This 436a signal might be delayed is 10 seconds by default, but can
437variable can be changed only before the first signal watcher is created, 437be overriden via C<$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY}> or
438and should be left alone otherwise. This variable determines how often 438C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> - see the L<ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES>
439AnyEvent polls for signals (in case a wake-up was missed). Higher values 439section for details.
440will cause fewer spurious wake-ups, which is better for power and CPU
441saving.
442 440
443All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional 441All these problems can be avoided by installing the optional
444L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not 442L<Async::Interrupt> module, which works with most event loops. It will not
445work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib> 443work with inherently broken event loops such as L<Event> or L<Event::Lib>
446(and not with L<POE> currently, as POE does its own workaround with 444(and not with L<POE> currently). For those, you just have to suffer the
447one-second latency). For those, you just have to suffer the delays. 445delays.
448 446
449=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS 447=head2 CHILD PROCESS WATCHERS
450 448
451 $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>); 449 $w = AnyEvent->child (pid => <process id>, cb => <callback>);
452 450
… …
878 AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse. 876 AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib based on Event::Lib, leaks memory and worse.
879 AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations. 877 AnyEvent::Impl::POE based on POE, very slow, some limitations.
880 AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi. 878 AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi used when running within irssi.
881 AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync based on IO::Async. 879 AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync based on IO::Async.
882 AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa based on Cocoa::EventLoop. 880 AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa based on Cocoa::EventLoop.
883 AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK2 based on FLTK (fltk 2 binding). 881 AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK based on FLTK (fltk 2 binding).
884 882
885=item Backends with special needs. 883=item Backends with special needs.
886 884
887Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will 885Qt requires the Qt::Application to be instantiated first, but will
888otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program 886otherwise be picked up automatically. As long as the main program
… …
1049It should use C<postpone>: 1047It should use C<postpone>:
1050 1048
1051 AnyEvent::postpone { $cb->(undef) }, return # signal error to callback, later 1049 AnyEvent::postpone { $cb->(undef) }, return # signal error to callback, later
1052 if $some_error_condition; 1050 if $some_error_condition;
1053 1051
1052=item AnyEvent::log $level, $msg[, @args]
1053
1054Log the given C<$msg> at the given C<$level>.
1055
1056If L<AnyEvent::Log> is not loaded then this function makes a simple test
1057to see whether the message will be logged. If the test succeeds it will
1058load AnyEvent::Log and call C<AnyEvent::Log::log> - consequently, look at
1059the L<AnyEvent::Log> documentation for details.
1060
1061If the test fails it will simply return. Right now this happens when a
1062numerical loglevel is used and it is larger than the level specified via
1063C<$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}>.
1064
1065If you want to sprinkle loads of logging calls around your code, consider
1066creating a logger callback with the C<AnyEvent::Log::logger> function,
1067which can reduce typing, codesize and can reduce the logging overhead
1068enourmously.
1069
1054=back 1070=back
1055 1071
1056=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE 1072=head1 WHAT TO DO IN A MODULE
1057 1073
1058As a module author, you should C<use AnyEvent> and call AnyEvent methods 1074As a module author, you should C<use AnyEvent> and call AnyEvent methods
… …
1114 1130
1115 1131
1116=head1 OTHER MODULES 1132=head1 OTHER MODULES
1117 1133
1118The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use 1134The following is a non-exhaustive list of additional modules that use
1119AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other AnyEvent 1135AnyEvent as a client and can therefore be mixed easily with other
1120modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the modules 1136AnyEvent modules and other event loops in the same program. Some of the
1121come as part of AnyEvent, the others are available via CPAN. 1137modules come as part of AnyEvent, the others are available via CPAN (see
1138L<http://search.cpan.org/search?m=module&q=anyevent%3A%3A*> for
1139a longer non-exhaustive list), and the list is heavily biased towards
1140modules of the AnyEvent author himself :)
1122 1141
1123=over 4 1142=over 4
1124 1143
1125=item L<AnyEvent::Util> 1144=item L<AnyEvent::Util>
1126 1145
… …
1146=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>, L<AnyEvent::IRC>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>, L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::IGS>, L<AnyEvent::FCP> 1165=item L<AnyEvent::HTTP>, L<AnyEvent::IRC>, L<AnyEvent::XMPP>, L<AnyEvent::GPSD>, L<AnyEvent::IGS>, L<AnyEvent::FCP>
1147 1166
1148Implement event-based interfaces to the protocols of the same name (for 1167Implement event-based interfaces to the protocols of the same name (for
1149the curious, IGS is the International Go Server and FCP is the Freenet 1168the curious, IGS is the International Go Server and FCP is the Freenet
1150Client Protocol). 1169Client Protocol).
1151
1152=item L<AnyEvent::Handle::UDP>
1153
1154Here be danger!
1155
1156As Pauli would put it, "Not only is it not right, it's not even wrong!" -
1157there are so many things wrong with AnyEvent::Handle::UDP, most notably
1158its use of a stream-based API with a protocol that isn't streamable, that
1159the only way to improve it is to delete it.
1160
1161It features data corruption (but typically only under load) and general
1162confusion. On top, the author is not only clueless about UDP but also
1163fact-resistant - some gems of his understanding: "connect doesn't work
1164with UDP", "UDP packets are not IP packets", "UDP only has datagrams, not
1165packets", "I don't need to implement proper error checking as UDP doesn't
1166support error checking" and so on - he doesn't even understand what's
1167wrong with his module when it is explained to him.
1168
1169=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
1170
1171Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you,
1172notifying you in an event-based way when the operation is finished.
1173 1170
1174=item L<AnyEvent::AIO> 1171=item L<AnyEvent::AIO>
1175 1172
1176Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the 1173Truly asynchronous (as opposed to non-blocking) I/O, should be in the
1177toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses 1174toolbox of every event programmer. AnyEvent::AIO transparently fuses
1178L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent together, giving AnyEvent access to event-based 1175L<IO::AIO> and AnyEvent together, giving AnyEvent access to event-based
1179file I/O, and much more. 1176file I/O, and much more.
1180 1177
1178=item L<AnyEvent::Filesys::Notify>
1179
1180AnyEvent is good for non-blocking stuff, but it can't detect file or
1181path changes (e.g. "watch this directory for new files", "watch this
1182file for changes"). The L<AnyEvent::Filesys::Notify> module promises to
1183do just that in a portbale fashion, supporting inotify on GNU/Linux and
1184some weird, without doubt broken, stuff on OS X to monitor files. It can
1185fall back to blocking scans at regular intervals transparently on other
1186platforms, so it's about as portable as it gets.
1187
1188(I haven't used it myself, but I haven't heard anybody complaining about
1189it yet).
1190
1191=item L<AnyEvent::DBI>
1192
1193Executes L<DBI> requests asynchronously in a proxy process for you,
1194notifying you in an event-based way when the operation is finished.
1195
1181=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD> 1196=item L<AnyEvent::HTTPD>
1182 1197
1183A simple embedded webserver. 1198A simple embedded webserver.
1184 1199
1185=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing> 1200=item L<AnyEvent::FastPing>
1186 1201
1187The fastest ping in the west. 1202The fastest ping in the west.
1188 1203
1189=item L<Coro> 1204=item L<Coro>
1190 1205
1191Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>. 1206Has special support for AnyEvent via L<Coro::AnyEvent>, which allows you
1207to simply invert the flow control - don't call us, we will call you:
1208
1209 async {
1210 Coro::AnyEvent::sleep 5; # creates a 5s timer and waits for it
1211 print "5 seconds later!\n";
1212
1213 Coro::AnyEvent::readable *STDIN; # uses an I/O watcher
1214 my $line = <STDIN>; # works for ttys
1215
1216 AnyEvent::HTTP::http_get "url", Coro::rouse_cb;
1217 my ($body, $hdr) = Coro::rouse_wait;
1218 };
1192 1219
1193=back 1220=back
1194 1221
1195=cut 1222=cut
1196 1223
1197package AnyEvent; 1224package AnyEvent;
1198 1225
1199# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense 1226# basically a tuned-down version of common::sense
1200sub common_sense { 1227sub common_sense {
1201 # from common:.sense 3.4 1228 # from common:.sense 3.5
1229 local $^W;
1202 ${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS} ^ "\x3c\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf0\x0f\xc0\xf0\xfc\x33\x00"; 1230 ${^WARNING_BITS} ^= ${^WARNING_BITS} ^ "\x3c\x3f\x33\x00\x0f\xf0\x0f\xc0\xf0\xfc\x33\x00";
1203 # use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl) 1231 # use strict vars subs - NO UTF-8, as Util.pm doesn't like this atm. (uts46data.pl)
1204 $^H |= 0x00000600; 1232 $^H |= 0x00000600;
1205} 1233}
1206 1234
1207BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense } 1235BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
1208 1236
1209use Carp (); 1237use Carp ();
1210 1238
1211our $VERSION = '6.0'; 1239our $VERSION = '6.14';
1212our $MODEL; 1240our $MODEL;
1213
1214our @ISA; 1241our @ISA;
1215
1216our @REGISTRY; 1242our @REGISTRY;
1217
1218our $VERBOSE; 1243our $VERBOSE;
1244our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4|ipv6) => (1|2), higher numbers are preferred
1245our $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY} || 10; # executes after the BEGIN block below (tainting!)
1219 1246
1220BEGIN { 1247BEGIN {
1221 require "AnyEvent/constants.pl"; 1248 require "AnyEvent/constants.pl";
1222 1249
1223 eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}"; 1250 eval "sub TAINT (){" . (${^TAINT}*1) . "}";
1224 1251
1225 delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV} 1252 delete @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV}
1226 if ${^TAINT}; 1253 if ${^TAINT};
1227 1254
1228 $VERBOSE = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1; 1255 $ENV{"PERL_ANYEVENT_$_"} = $ENV{"AE_$_"}
1256 for grep s/^AE_// && !exists $ENV{"PERL_ANYEVENT_$_"}, keys %ENV;
1229 1257
1230} 1258 @ENV{grep /^PERL_ANYEVENT_/, keys %ENV} = ()
1259 if ${^TAINT};
1231 1260
1232our $MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY = 10; 1261 # $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_xxx} now valid
1233 1262
1234our %PROTOCOL; # (ipv4|ipv6) => (1|2), higher numbers are preferred 1263 $VERBOSE = length $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE} ? $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE}*1 : 4;
1235 1264
1236{
1237 my $idx; 1265 my $idx;
1238 $PROTOCOL{$_} = ++$idx 1266 $PROTOCOL{$_} = ++$idx
1239 for reverse split /\s*,\s*/, 1267 for reverse split /\s*,\s*/,
1240 $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6"; 1268 $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS} || "ipv4,ipv6";
1241} 1269}
… …
1272 $POSTPONE_W ||= AE::timer (0, 0, \&_postpone_exec); 1300 $POSTPONE_W ||= AE::timer (0, 0, \&_postpone_exec);
1273 1301
1274 () 1302 ()
1275} 1303}
1276 1304
1305sub log($$;@) {
1306 # only load the big bloated module when we actually are about to log something
1307 if ($_[0] <= ($VERBOSE || 1)) { # also catches non-numeric levels(!) and fatal
1308 local ($!, $@);
1309 require AnyEvent::Log; # among other things, sets $VERBOSE to 9
1310 # AnyEvent::Log overwrites this function
1311 goto &log;
1312 }
1313
1314 0 # not logged
1315}
1316
1317sub _logger($;$) {
1318 my ($level, $renabled) = @_;
1319
1320 $$renabled = $level <= $VERBOSE;
1321
1322 my $logger = [(caller)[0], $level, $renabled];
1323
1324 $AnyEvent::Log::LOGGER{$logger+0} = $logger;
1325
1326# return unless defined wantarray;
1327#
1328# require AnyEvent::Util;
1329# my $guard = AnyEvent::Util::guard (sub {
1330# # "clean up"
1331# delete $LOGGER{$logger+0};
1332# });
1333#
1334# sub {
1335# return 0 unless $$renabled;
1336#
1337# $guard if 0; # keep guard alive, but don't cause runtime overhead
1338# require AnyEvent::Log unless $AnyEvent::Log::VERSION;
1339# package AnyEvent::Log;
1340# _log ($logger->[0], $level, @_) # logger->[0] has been converted at load time
1341# }
1342}
1343
1344if (length $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG}) {
1345 require AnyEvent::Log; # AnyEvent::Log does the thing for us
1346}
1347
1277our @models = ( 1348our @models = (
1278 [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV:: , 1], 1349 [EV:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EV::],
1279 [AnyEvent::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl:: , 1], 1350 [AnyEvent::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Perl::],
1280 # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed 1351 # everything below here will not (normally) be autoprobed
1281 # as the pure perl backend should work everywhere 1352 # as the pure perl backend should work everywhere
1282 # and is usually faster 1353 # and is usually faster
1354 [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package, so msut be near the top
1283 [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::, 1], 1355 [Event:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Event::], # slow, stable
1284 [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib:: , 1], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers 1356 [Glib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Glib::], # becomes extremely slow with many watchers
1357 # everything below here should not be autoloaded
1285 [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy 1358 [Event::Lib:: => AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib::], # too buggy
1286 [Irssi:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Irssi::], # Irssi has a bogus "Event" package
1287 [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles 1359 [Tk:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Tk::], # crashes with many handles
1288 [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program 1360 [Qt:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Qt::], # requires special main program
1289 [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza 1361 [POE::Kernel:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], # lasciate ogni speranza
1290 [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], 1362 [Wx:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1291 [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::], 1363 [Prima:: => AnyEvent::Impl::POE::],
1292 [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # a bitch to autodetect 1364 [IO::Async::Loop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync::], # a bitch to autodetect
1293 [Cocoa::EventLoop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa::], 1365 [Cocoa::EventLoop:: => AnyEvent::Impl::Cocoa::],
1294 [FLTK:: => AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK2::], 1366 [FLTK:: => AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK::],
1295); 1367);
1368
1369our @isa_hook;
1370
1371sub _isa_set {
1372 my @pkg = ("AnyEvent", (map $_->[0], grep defined, @isa_hook), $MODEL);
1373
1374 @{"$pkg[$_-1]::ISA"} = $pkg[$_]
1375 for 1 .. $#pkg;
1376
1377 grep $_ && $_->[1], @isa_hook
1378 and AE::_reset ();
1379}
1380
1381# used for hooking AnyEvent::Strict and AnyEvent::Debug::Wrap into the class hierarchy
1382sub _isa_hook($$;$) {
1383 my ($i, $pkg, $reset_ae) = @_;
1384
1385 $isa_hook[$i] = $pkg ? [$pkg, $reset_ae] : undef;
1386
1387 _isa_set;
1388}
1296 1389
1297# all autoloaded methods reserve the complete glob, not just the method slot. 1390# all autoloaded methods reserve the complete glob, not just the method slot.
1298# due to bugs in perls method cache implementation. 1391# due to bugs in perls method cache implementation.
1299our @methods = qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar); 1392our @methods = qw(io timer time now now_update signal child idle condvar);
1300 1393
1301sub detect() { 1394sub detect() {
1395 return $MODEL if $MODEL; # some programs keep references to detect
1396
1397 # IO::Async::Loop::AnyEvent is extremely evil, refuse to work with it
1398 # the author knows about the problems and what it does to AnyEvent as a whole
1399 # (and the ability of others to use AnyEvent), but simply wants to abuse AnyEvent
1400 # anyway.
1401 AnyEvent::log fatal => "AnyEvent: IO::Async::Loop::AnyEvent detected - that module is broken by\n"
1402 . "design, abuses internals and breaks AnyEvent - will not continue."
1403 if exists $INC{"IO/Async/Loop/AnyEvent.pm"};
1404
1302 local $!; # for good measure 1405 local $!; # for good measure
1303 local $SIG{__DIE__}; # we use eval 1406 local $SIG{__DIE__}; # we use eval
1304 1407
1305 # free some memory 1408 # free some memory
1306 *detect = sub () { $MODEL }; 1409 *detect = sub () { $MODEL };
… …
1314 1417
1315 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9:]+)$/) { 1418 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL} =~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9:]+)$/) {
1316 my $model = $1; 1419 my $model = $1;
1317 $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$model" unless $model =~ s/::$//; 1420 $model = "AnyEvent::Impl::$model" unless $model =~ s/::$//;
1318 if (eval "require $model") { 1421 if (eval "require $model") {
1422 AnyEvent::log 7 => "loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.";
1319 $MODEL = $model; 1423 $MODEL = $model;
1320 warn "AnyEvent: loaded model '$model' (forced by \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}), using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1321 } else { 1424 } else {
1322 warn "AnyEvent: unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@" if $VERBOSE; 1425 AnyEvent::log 4 => "unable to load model '$model' (from \$ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL}):\n$@";
1323 } 1426 }
1324 } 1427 }
1325 1428
1326 # check for already loaded models 1429 # check for already loaded models
1327 unless ($MODEL) { 1430 unless ($MODEL) {
1328 for (@REGISTRY, @models) { 1431 for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1329 my ($package, $model) = @$_; 1432 my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1330 if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) { 1433 if (${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0) {
1331 if (eval "require $model") { 1434 if (eval "require $model") {
1435 AnyEvent::log 7 => "autodetected model '$model', using it.";
1332 $MODEL = $model; 1436 $MODEL = $model;
1333 warn "AnyEvent: autodetected model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2; 1437 last;
1438 } else {
1439 AnyEvent::log 8 => "detected event loop $package, but cannot load '$model', skipping: $@";
1440 }
1441 }
1442 }
1443
1444 unless ($MODEL) {
1445 # try to autoload a model
1446 for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1447 my ($package, $model) = @$_;
1448 if (
1449 eval "require $package"
1450 and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1451 and eval "require $model"
1452 ) {
1453 AnyEvent::log 7 => "autoloaded model '$model', using it.";
1454 $MODEL = $model;
1334 last; 1455 last;
1335 } 1456 }
1336 } 1457 }
1337 }
1338
1339 unless ($MODEL) {
1340 # try to autoload a model
1341 for (@REGISTRY, @models) {
1342 my ($package, $model, $autoload) = @$_;
1343 if (
1344 $autoload
1345 and eval "require $package"
1346 and ${"$package\::VERSION"} > 0
1347 and eval "require $model"
1348 ) {
1349 $MODEL = $model;
1350 warn "AnyEvent: autoloaded model '$model', using it.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 2;
1351 last;
1352 }
1353 }
1354 1458
1355 $MODEL 1459 $MODEL
1356 or die "AnyEvent: backend autodetection failed - did you properly install AnyEvent?\n"; 1460 or AnyEvent::log fatal => "AnyEvent: backend autodetection failed - did you properly install AnyEvent?";
1357 } 1461 }
1358 } 1462 }
1359 1463
1360 # free memory only needed for probing 1464 # free memory only needed for probing
1361 undef @models; 1465 undef @models;
1362 undef @REGISTRY; 1466 undef @REGISTRY;
1363 1467
1364 push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base"; 1468 push @{"$MODEL\::ISA"}, "AnyEvent::Base";
1365 unshift @ISA, $MODEL;
1366 1469
1367 # now nuke some methods that are overridden by the backend. 1470 # now nuke some methods that are overridden by the backend.
1368 # SUPER usage is not allowed in these. 1471 # SUPER usage is not allowed in these.
1369 for (qw(time signal child idle)) { 1472 for (qw(time signal child idle)) {
1370 undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"} 1473 undef &{"AnyEvent::Base::$_"}
1371 if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"}; 1474 if defined &{"$MODEL\::$_"};
1372 } 1475 }
1373 1476
1477 _isa_set;
1478
1479 # we're officially open!
1480
1374 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT}) { 1481 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT}) {
1375 require AnyEvent::Strict; 1482 require AnyEvent::Strict;
1376 } 1483 }
1377 1484
1378 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP}) { 1485 if ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP}) {
1379 require AnyEvent::Debug; 1486 require AnyEvent::Debug;
1380 AnyEvent::Debug::wrap ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP}); 1487 AnyEvent::Debug::wrap ($ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP});
1381 } 1488 }
1382 1489
1383 if (exists $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL}) { 1490 if (length $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL}) {
1384 require AnyEvent::Socket; 1491 require AnyEvent::Socket;
1385 require AnyEvent::Debug; 1492 require AnyEvent::Debug;
1386 1493
1387 my $shell = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL}; 1494 my $shell = $ENV{PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL};
1388 $shell =~ s/\$\$/$$/g; 1495 $shell =~ s/\$\$/$$/g;
1389 1496
1390 my ($host, $service) = AnyEvent::Socket::parse_hostport ($shell); 1497 my ($host, $service) = AnyEvent::Socket::parse_hostport ($shell);
1391 $AnyEvent::Debug::SHELL = AnyEvent::Debug::shell ($host, $service); 1498 $AnyEvent::Debug::SHELL = AnyEvent::Debug::shell ($host, $service);
1392 } 1499 }
1500
1501 # now the anyevent environment is set up as the user told us to, so
1502 # call the actual user code - post detects
1393 1503
1394 (shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect; 1504 (shift @post_detect)->() while @post_detect;
1395 undef @post_detect; 1505 undef @post_detect;
1396 1506
1397 *post_detect = sub(&) { 1507 *post_detect = sub(&) {
… …
1484 sub time() { 1594 sub time() {
1485 AnyEvent->time 1595 AnyEvent->time
1486 } 1596 }
1487 1597
1488 *postpone = \&AnyEvent::postpone; 1598 *postpone = \&AnyEvent::postpone;
1599 *log = \&AnyEvent::log;
1489 }; 1600 };
1490 die if $@; 1601 die if $@;
1491} 1602}
1492 1603
1493BEGIN { _reset } 1604BEGIN { _reset }
… …
1498 1609
1499sub time { 1610sub time {
1500 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} 1611 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1501 # probe for availability of Time::HiRes 1612 # probe for availability of Time::HiRes
1502 if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") { 1613 if (eval "use Time::HiRes (); Time::HiRes::time (); 1") {
1503 warn "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; 1614 *time = sub { Time::HiRes::time () };
1504 *AE::time = \&Time::HiRes::time; 1615 *AE::time = \& Time::HiRes::time ;
1616 *now = \&time;
1617 AnyEvent::log 8 => "AnyEvent: using Time::HiRes for sub-second timing accuracy.";
1505 # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())... 1618 # if (eval "use POSIX (); (POSIX::times())...
1506 } else { 1619 } else {
1620 *time = sub { CORE::time };
1621 *AE::time = sub (){ CORE::time };
1622 *now = \&time;
1507 warn "AnyEvent: using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!\n" if $VERBOSE; 1623 AnyEvent::log 3 => "using built-in time(), WARNING, no sub-second resolution!";
1508 *AE::time = sub (){ time }; # epic fail
1509 } 1624 }
1510
1511 *time = sub { AE::time }; # different prototypes
1512 }; 1625 };
1513 die if $@; 1626 die if $@;
1514 1627
1515 &time 1628 &time
1516} 1629}
1517 1630
1518*now = \&time; 1631*now = \&time;
1519
1520sub now_update { } 1632sub now_update { }
1521 1633
1522sub _poll { 1634sub _poll {
1523 Carp::croak "$AnyEvent::MODEL does not support blocking waits. Caught"; 1635 Carp::croak "$AnyEvent::MODEL does not support blocking waits. Caught";
1524} 1636}
… …
1610 1722
1611sub signal { 1723sub signal {
1612 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {} 1724 eval q{ # poor man's autoloading {}
1613 # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt 1725 # probe for availability of Async::Interrupt
1614 if (_have_async_interrupt) { 1726 if (_have_async_interrupt) {
1615 warn "AnyEvent: using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; 1727 AnyEvent::log 8 => "using Async::Interrupt for race-free signal handling.";
1616 1728
1617 $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe; 1729 $SIGPIPE_R = new Async::Interrupt::EventPipe;
1618 $SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec; 1730 $SIG_IO = AE::io $SIGPIPE_R->fileno, 0, \&_signal_exec;
1619 1731
1620 } else { 1732 } else {
1621 warn "AnyEvent: using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.\n" if $VERBOSE >= 8; 1733 AnyEvent::log 8 => "using emulated perl signal handling with latency timer.";
1622 1734
1623 if (AnyEvent::WIN32) { 1735 if (AnyEvent::WIN32) {
1624 require AnyEvent::Util; 1736 require AnyEvent::Util;
1625 1737
1626 ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe (); 1738 ($SIGPIPE_R, $SIGPIPE_W) = AnyEvent::Util::portable_pipe ();
… …
1920$Event/EV::DIED->() >>, L<Glib> uses C<< install_exception_handler >> and 2032$Event/EV::DIED->() >>, L<Glib> uses C<< install_exception_handler >> and
1921so on. 2033so on.
1922 2034
1923=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES 2035=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
1924 2036
1925The following environment variables are used by this module or its 2037AnyEvent supports a number of environment variables that tune the
1926submodules. 2038runtime behaviour. They are usually evaluated when AnyEvent is
2039loaded, initialised, or a submodule that uses them is loaded. Many of
2040them also cause AnyEvent to load additional modules - for example,
2041C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP> causes the L<AnyEvent::Debug> module to be
2042loaded.
1927 2043
1928Note that AnyEvent will remove I<all> environment variables starting with 2044All the environment variables documented here start with
1929C<PERL_ANYEVENT_> from C<%ENV> when it is loaded while taint mode is 2045C<PERL_ANYEVENT_>, which is what AnyEvent considers its own
1930enabled. 2046namespace. Other modules are encouraged (but by no means required) to use
2047C<PERL_ANYEVENT_SUBMODULE> if they have registered the AnyEvent::Submodule
2048namespace on CPAN, for any submodule. For example, L<AnyEvent::HTTP> could
2049be expected to use C<PERL_ANYEVENT_HTTP_PROXY> (it should not access env
2050variables starting with C<AE_>, see below).
2051
2052All variables can also be set via the C<AE_> prefix, that is, instead
2053of setting C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> you can also set C<AE_VERBOSE>. In
2054case there is a clash btween anyevent and another program that uses
2055C<AE_something> you can set the corresponding C<PERL_ANYEVENT_something>
2056variable to the empty string, as those variables take precedence.
2057
2058When AnyEvent is first loaded, it copies all C<AE_xxx> env variables
2059to their C<PERL_ANYEVENT_xxx> counterpart unless that variable already
2060exists. If taint mode is on, then AnyEvent will remove I<all> environment
2061variables starting with C<PERL_ANYEVENT_> from C<%ENV> (or replace them
2062with C<undef> or the empty string, if the corresaponding C<AE_> variable
2063is set).
2064
2065The exact algorithm is currently:
2066
2067 1. if taint mode enabled, delete all PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz variables from %ENV
2068 2. copy over AE_xyz to PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz unless the latter alraedy exists
2069 3. if taint mode enabled, set all PERL_ANYEVENT_xyz variables to undef.
2070
2071This ensures that child processes will not see the C<AE_> variables.
2072
2073The following environment variables are currently known to AnyEvent:
1931 2074
1932=over 4 2075=over 4
1933 2076
1934=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> 2077=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE>
1935 2078
1936By default, AnyEvent will be completely silent except in fatal 2079By default, AnyEvent will log messages with loglevel C<4> (C<error>) or
1937conditions. You can set this environment variable to make AnyEvent more 2080higher (see L<AnyEvent::Log>). You can set this environment variable to a
1938talkative. 2081numerical loglevel to make AnyEvent more (or less) talkative.
1939 2082
2083If you want to do more than just set the global logging level
2084you should have a look at C<PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG>, which allows much more
2085complex specifications.
2086
2087When set to C<0> (C<off>), then no messages whatsoever will be logged with
2088everything else at defaults.
2089
1940When set to C<1> or higher, causes AnyEvent to warn about unexpected 2090When set to C<5> or higher (C<warn>), AnyEvent warns about unexpected
1941conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by 2091conditions, such as not being able to load the event model specified by
1942C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>. 2092C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MODEL>, or a guard callback throwing an exception - this
2093is the minimum recommended level for use during development.
1943 2094
1944When set to C<2> or higher, cause AnyEvent to report to STDERR which event 2095When set to C<7> or higher (info), AnyEvent reports which event model it
1945model it chooses. 2096chooses.
1946 2097
1947When set to C<8> or higher, then AnyEvent will report extra information on 2098When set to C<8> or higher (debug), then AnyEvent will report extra
1948which optional modules it loads and how it implements certain features. 2099information on which optional modules it loads and how it implements
2100certain features.
2101
2102=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG>
2103
2104Accepts rather complex logging specifications. For example, you could log
2105all C<debug> messages of some module to stderr, warnings and above to
2106stderr, and errors and above to syslog, with:
2107
2108 PERL_ANYEVENT_LOG=Some::Module=debug,+log:filter=warn,+%syslog:%syslog=error,syslog
2109
2110For the rather extensive details, see L<AnyEvent::Log>.
2111
2112This variable is evaluated when AnyEvent (or L<AnyEvent::Log>) is loaded,
2113so will take effect even before AnyEvent has initialised itself.
2114
2115Note that specifying this environment variable causes the L<AnyEvent::Log>
2116module to be loaded, while C<PERL_ANYEVENT_VERBOSE> does not, so only
2117using the latter saves a few hundred kB of memory unless a module
2118explicitly needs the extra features of AnyEvent::Log.
1949 2119
1950=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT> 2120=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT>
1951 2121
1952AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough 2122AnyEvent does not do much argument checking by default, as thorough
1953argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value 2123argument checking is very costly. Setting this variable to a true value
… …
1962C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while developing programs 2132C<PERL_ANYEVENT_STRICT=1> in your environment while developing programs
1963can be very useful, however. 2133can be very useful, however.
1964 2134
1965=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL> 2135=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL>
1966 2136
1967If this env variable is set, then its contents will be interpreted by 2137If this env variable is nonempty, then its contents will be interpreted by
1968C<AnyEvent::Socket::parse_hostport> (after replacing every occurance of 2138C<AnyEvent::Socket::parse_hostport> and C<AnyEvent::Debug::shell> (after
1969C<$$> by the process pid) and an C<AnyEvent::Debug::shell> is bound on 2139replacing every occurance of C<$$> by the process pid). The shell object
1970that port. The shell object is saved in C<$AnyEvent::Debug::SHELL>. 2140is saved in C<$AnyEvent::Debug::SHELL>.
1971 2141
1972This takes place when the first watcher is created. 2142This happens when the first watcher is created.
1973 2143
1974For example, to bind a debug shell on a unix domain socket in 2144For example, to bind a debug shell on a unix domain socket in
1975F<< /tmp/debug<pid>.sock >>, you could use this: 2145F<< /tmp/debug<pid>.sock >>, you could use this:
1976 2146
1977 PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL=unix/:/tmp/debug\$\$.sock perlprog 2147 PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL=/tmp/debug\$\$.sock perlprog
2148 # connect with e.g.: socat readline /tmp/debug123.sock
1978 2149
2150Or to bind to tcp port 4545 on localhost:
2151
2152 PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_SHELL=127.0.0.1:4545 perlprog
2153 # connect with e.g.: telnet localhost 4545
2154
1979Note that creating sockets in F</tmp> is very unsafe on multiuser 2155Note that creating sockets in F</tmp> or on localhost is very unsafe on
1980systems. 2156multiuser systems.
1981 2157
1982=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP> 2158=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_DEBUG_WRAP>
1983 2159
1984Can be set to C<0>, C<1> or C<2> and enables wrapping of all watchers for 2160Can be set to C<0>, C<1> or C<2> and enables wrapping of all watchers for
1985debugging purposes. See C<AnyEvent::Debug::wrap> for details. 2161debugging purposes. See C<AnyEvent::Debug::wrap> for details.
… …
2023but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4> 2199but support both and try to use both. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv4>
2024- only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6 2200- only support IPv4, never try to resolve or contact IPv6
2025addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or 2201addresses. C<PERL_ANYEVENT_PROTOCOLS=ipv6,ipv4> support either IPv4 or
2026IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4. 2202IPv6, but prefer IPv6 over IPv4.
2027 2203
2204=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_HOSTS>
2205
2206This variable, if specified, overrides the F</etc/hosts> file used by
2207L<AnyEvent::Socket>C<::resolve_sockaddr>, i.e. hosts aliases will be read
2208from that file instead.
2209
2028=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0> 2210=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_EDNS0>
2029 2211
2030Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension 2212Used by L<AnyEvent::DNS> to decide whether to use the EDNS0 extension for
2031for DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, but 2213DNS. This extension is generally useful to reduce DNS traffic, especially
2032some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS packets, which is why it is off by 2214when DNSSEC is involved, but some (broken) firewalls drop such DNS
2033default. 2215packets, which is why it is off by default.
2034 2216
2035Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce 2217Setting this variable to C<1> will cause L<AnyEvent::DNS> to announce
2036EDNS0 in its DNS requests. 2218EDNS0 in its DNS requests.
2037 2219
2038=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS> 2220=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_FORKS>
… …
2044 2226
2045The default value for the C<max_outstanding> parameter for the default DNS 2227The default value for the C<max_outstanding> parameter for the default DNS
2046resolver - this is the maximum number of parallel DNS requests that are 2228resolver - this is the maximum number of parallel DNS requests that are
2047sent to the DNS server. 2229sent to the DNS server.
2048 2230
2231=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY>
2232
2233Perl has inherently racy signal handling (you can basically choose between
2234losing signals and memory corruption) - pure perl event loops (including
2235C<AnyEvent::Loop>, when C<Async::Interrupt> isn't available) therefore
2236have to poll regularly to avoid losing signals.
2237
2238Some event loops are racy, but don't poll regularly, and some event loops
2239are written in C but are still racy. For those event loops, AnyEvent
2240installs a timer that regularly wakes up the event loop.
2241
2242By default, the interval for this timer is C<10> seconds, but you can
2243override this delay with this environment variable (or by setting
2244the C<$AnyEvent::MAX_SIGNAL_LATENCY> variable before creating signal
2245watchers).
2246
2247Lower values increase CPU (and energy) usage, higher values can introduce
2248long delays when reaping children or waiting for signals.
2249
2250The L<AnyEvent::Async> module, if available, will be used to avoid this
2251polling (with most event loops).
2252
2049=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_RESOLV_CONF> 2253=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_RESOLV_CONF>
2050 2254
2051The file to use instead of F</etc/resolv.conf> (or OS-specific 2255The absolute path to a F<resolv.conf>-style file to use instead of
2052configuration) in the default resolver. When set to the empty string, no 2256F</etc/resolv.conf> (or the OS-specific configuration) in the default
2053default config will be used. 2257resolver, or the empty string to select the default configuration.
2054 2258
2055=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_FILE>, C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_PATH>. 2259=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_FILE>, C<PERL_ANYEVENT_CA_PATH>.
2056 2260
2057When neither C<ca_file> nor C<ca_path> was specified during 2261When neither C<ca_file> nor C<ca_path> was specified during
2058L<AnyEvent::TLS> context creation, and either of these environment 2262L<AnyEvent::TLS> context creation, and either of these environment
2059variables exist, they will be used to specify CA certificate locations 2263variables are nonempty, they will be used to specify CA certificate
2060instead of a system-dependent default. 2264locations instead of a system-dependent default.
2061 2265
2062=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_GUARD> and C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT> 2266=item C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_GUARD> and C<PERL_ANYEVENT_AVOID_ASYNC_INTERRUPT>
2063 2267
2064When these are set to C<1>, then the respective modules are not 2268When these are set to C<1>, then the respective modules are not
2065loaded. Mostly good for testing AnyEvent itself. 2269loaded. Mostly good for testing AnyEvent itself.
… …
2397(even when used without AnyEvent), but most event loops have acceptable 2601(even when used without AnyEvent), but most event loops have acceptable
2398performance with or without AnyEvent. 2602performance with or without AnyEvent.
2399 2603
2400=item * The overhead AnyEvent adds is usually much smaller than the overhead of 2604=item * The overhead AnyEvent adds is usually much smaller than the overhead of
2401the actual event loop, only with extremely fast event loops such as EV 2605the actual event loop, only with extremely fast event loops such as EV
2402adds AnyEvent significant overhead. 2606does AnyEvent add significant overhead.
2403 2607
2404=item * You should avoid POE like the plague if you want performance or 2608=item * You should avoid POE like the plague if you want performance or
2405reasonable memory usage. 2609reasonable memory usage.
2406 2610
2407=back 2611=back
… …
2782 2986
2783Tutorial/Introduction: L<AnyEvent::Intro>. 2987Tutorial/Introduction: L<AnyEvent::Intro>.
2784 2988
2785FAQ: L<AnyEvent::FAQ>. 2989FAQ: L<AnyEvent::FAQ>.
2786 2990
2787Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util>. 2991Utility functions: L<AnyEvent::Util> (misc. grab-bag), L<AnyEvent::Log>
2992(simply logging).
2788 2993
2994Development/Debugging: L<AnyEvent::Strict> (stricter checking),
2995L<AnyEvent::Debug> (interactive shell, watcher tracing).
2996
2789Event modules: L<AnyEvent::Loop>, L<EV>, L<EV::Glib>, L<Glib::EV>, 2997Supported event modules: L<AnyEvent::Loop>, L<EV>, L<EV::Glib>,
2790L<Event>, L<Glib::Event>, L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>, L<Qt>, L<POE>. 2998L<Glib::EV>, L<Event>, L<Glib::Event>, L<Glib>, L<Tk>, L<Event::Lib>,
2999L<Qt>, L<POE>, L<FLTK>.
2791 3000
2792Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>, 3001Implementations: L<AnyEvent::Impl::EV>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Event>,
2793L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>, 3002L<AnyEvent::Impl::Glib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Tk>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl>,
2794L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>, 3003L<AnyEvent::Impl::EventLib>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::Qt>,
2795L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>. 3004L<AnyEvent::Impl::POE>, L<AnyEvent::Impl::IOAsync>, L<Anyevent::Impl::Irssi>,
3005L<AnyEvent::Impl::FLTK>.
2796 3006
2797Non-blocking file handles, sockets, TCP clients and 3007Non-blocking handles, pipes, stream sockets, TCP clients and
2798servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>. 3008servers: L<AnyEvent::Handle>, L<AnyEvent::Socket>, L<AnyEvent::TLS>.
2799 3009
2800Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>. 3010Asynchronous DNS: L<AnyEvent::DNS>.
2801 3011
2802Thread support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, L<Coro::Event>. 3012Thread support: L<Coro>, L<Coro::AnyEvent>, L<Coro::EV>, L<Coro::Event>.

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