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Revision 1.160 by root, Fri Jul 24 22:47:04 2009 UTC

1	package AnyEvent::Handle;	1	package AnyEvent::Handle;
2		2
3	no warnings;
4	use strict;
5
6	use AnyEvent ();
7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
8	use Scalar::Util ();	3	use Scalar::Util ();
9	use Carp ();	4	use Carp ();
10	use Fcntl ();
11	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);	5	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
12		6
		7	use AnyEvent (); BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
		8	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
		9
13	=head1 NAME	10	=head1 NAME
14		11
15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent	12	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent
16		13
17	=cut	14	=cut
18		15
19	our $VERSION = 4.151;	16	our $VERSION = 4.86;
20		17
21	=head1 SYNOPSIS	18	=head1 SYNOPSIS
22		19
23	use AnyEvent;	20	use AnyEvent;
24	use AnyEvent::Handle;	21	use AnyEvent::Handle;
25		22
26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	23	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
27		24
28	my $handle =	25	my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
29	AnyEvent::Handle->new (
30	fh => \*STDIN,	26	fh => \*STDIN,
31	on_eof => sub {	27	on_error => sub {
32	$cv->broadcast;	28	my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
33	},	29	warn "got error $msg\n";
		30	$hdl->destroy;
		31	$cv->send;
34	);	32	);
35		33
36	# send some request line	34	# send some request line
37	$handle->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");	35	$hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
38		36
39	# read the response line	37	# read the response line
40	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	38	$hdl->push_read (line => sub {
41	my ($handle, $line) = @_;	39	my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
42	warn "read line <$line>\n";	40	warn "got line <$line>\n";
43	$cv->send;	41	$cv->send;
44	});	42	});
45		43
46	$cv->recv;	44	$cv->recv;
47		45
48	=head1 DESCRIPTION	46	=head1 DESCRIPTION
49		47
50	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on	48	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on
51	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts	49	filehandles.
52	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.	50
		51	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented
		52	AnyEvent::Handle examples.
53		53
54	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this	54	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this
55	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their	55	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their
56	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.	56	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.
57		57
		58	At the very minimum, you should specify C<fh> or C<connect>, and the
		59	C<on_error> callback.
		60
58	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first	61	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first
59	argument.	62	argument.
60		63
61	=head1 METHODS	64	=head1 METHODS
62		65
63	=over 4	66	=over 4
64		67
65	=item B<new (%args)>	68	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::TLS fh => $filehandle, key => value...
66		69
67	The constructor supports these arguments (all as key => value pairs).	70	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).
68		71
69	=over 4	72	=over 4
70		73
71	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]	74	=item fh => $filehandle [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
72		75
73	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.	76	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.
74
75	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking (using	77	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using
76	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking).	78	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in
		79	that mode.
77		80
		81	=item connect => [$host, $service] [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
		82
		83	Try to connect to the specified host and service (port), using
		84	C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>. The C<$host> additionally becomes the
		85	default C<peername>.
		86
		87	You have to specify either this parameter, or C<fh>, above.
		88
		89	It is possible to push requests on the read and write queues, and modify
		90	properties of the stream, even while AnyEvent::Handle is connecting.
		91
		92	When this parameter is specified, then the C<on_prepare>,
		93	C<on_connect_error> and C<on_connect> callbacks will be called under the
		94	appropriate circumstances:
		95
		96	=over 4
		97
78	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)	98	=item on_prepare => $cb->($handle)
79		99
80	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detcted,	100	This (rarely used) callback is called before a new connection is
81	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the	101	attempted, but after the file handle has been created. It could be used to
82	connection cleanly.	102	prepare the file handle with parameters required for the actual connect
		103	(as opposed to settings that can be changed when the connection is already
		104	established).
83		105
84	While not mandatory, it is highly recommended to set an eof callback,	106	=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->())
85	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still
86	waiting for data.
87		107
		108	This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established.
		109
		110	The actual numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as
		111	parameters, together with a retry callback.
		112
		113	When, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, then calling
		114	C<$retry> will continue with the next conenction target (in case of
		115	multi-homed hosts or SRV records there can be multiple connection
		116	endpoints). When it is called then the read and write queues, eof status,
		117	tls status and similar properties of the handle are being reset.
		118
		119	In most cases, ignoring the C<$retry> parameter is the way to go.
		120
		121	=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message)
		122
		123	This callback is called when the conenction could not be
		124	established. C<$!> will contain the relevant error code, and C<$message> a
		125	message describing it (usually the same as C<"$!">).
		126
		127	If this callback isn't specified, then C<on_error> will be called with a
		128	fatal error instead.
		129
		130	=back
		131
88	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal)	132	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal, $message)
89		133
90	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error	134	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
91	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to	135	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
92	connect or a read error.	136	connect or a read error.
93		137
94	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On	138	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
95	fatal errors the handle object will be shut down and will not be	139	fatal errors the handle object will be destroyed (by a call to C<< ->
		140	destroy >>) after invoking the error callback (which means you are free to
		141	examine the handle object). Examples of fatal errors are an EOF condition
		142	with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In
		143	cases where the other side can close the connection at their will it is
		144	often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback.
		145
		146	AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
		147	against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is
		148	recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable
		149	error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">).
		150
96	usable. Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is	151	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
97	recommended to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle	152	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
98	object when this callback is invoked.	153	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
		154	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
99		155
100	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system	156	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
101	error (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT> or C<EBADMSG>).	157	error code (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT>, C<EBADMSG> or
		158	C<EPROTO>).
102		159
103	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as	160	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
104	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls	161	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
105	C<croak>.	162	C<croak>.
106		163
…		…
110	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this	167	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
111	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the	168	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
112	read buffer).	169	read buffer).
113		170
114	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>	171	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
115	method or access the C<$handle->{rbuf}> member directly.	172	method or access the C<< $handle->{rbuf} >> member directly. Note that you
		173	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
		174	the beginning from it.
116		175
117	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to	176	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
118	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before	177	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
119	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal	178	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
120	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).	179	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
		180
		181	Note that, unlike requests in the read queue, an C<on_read> callback
		182	doesn't mean you I<require> some data: if there is an EOF and there
		183	are outstanding read requests then an error will be flagged. With an
		184	C<on_read> callback, the C<on_eof> callback will be invoked.
		185
		186	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)
		187
		188	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,
		189	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the
		190	connection cleanly, and there are no outstanding read requests in the
		191	queue (if there are read requests, then an EOF counts as an unexpected
		192	connection close and will be flagged as an error).
		193
		194	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,
		195	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF
		196	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut
		197	down.
		198
		199	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
		200	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
121		201
122	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)	202	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)
123		203
124	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty	204	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty
125	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).	205	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).
…		…
135	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds	215	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds
136		216
137	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many	217	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many
138	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file	218	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file
139	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is	219	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is
140	missing, an C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).	220	missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).
141		221
142	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have	222	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have
143	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection	223	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection
144	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout	224	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout
145	in the C<on_timeout> callback.	225	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply
		226	restart the timeout.
146		227
147	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.	228	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.
148		229
149	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)	230	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)
150		231
…		…
154		235
155	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>	236	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>
156		237
157	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)	238	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)
158	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to	239	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to
159	avoid denial-of-service attacks.	240	avoid some forms of denial-of-service attacks.
160		241
161	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should	242	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should
162	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on	243	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on
163	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited	244	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited
164	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line	245	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line
165	isn't finished).	246	isn't finished).
166		247
167	=item autocork => <boolean>	248	=item autocork => <boolean>
168		249
169	When disabled (the default), then C<push_write> will try to immediately	250	When disabled (the default), then C<push_write> will try to immediately
170	write the data to the handle if possible. This avoids having to register	251	write the data to the handle, if possible. This avoids having to register
171	a write watcher and wait for the next event loop iteration, but can be	252	a write watcher and wait for the next event loop iteration, but can
172	inefficient if you write multiple small chunks (this disadvantage is	253	be inefficient if you write multiple small chunks (on the wire, this
173	usually avoided by your kernel's nagle algorithm, see C<low_delay>).	254	disadvantage is usually avoided by your kernel's nagle algorithm, see
		255	C<no_delay>, but this option can save costly syscalls).
174		256
175	When enabled, then writes will always be queued till the next event loop	257	When enabled, then writes will always be queued till the next event loop
176	iteration. This is efficient when you do many small writes per iteration,	258	iteration. This is efficient when you do many small writes per iteration,
177	but less efficient when you do a single write only.	259	but less efficient when you do a single write only per iteration (or when
		260	the write buffer often is full). It also increases write latency.
178		261
179	=item no_delay => <boolean>	262	=item no_delay => <boolean>
180		263
181	When doing small writes on sockets, your operating system kernel might	264	When doing small writes on sockets, your operating system kernel might
182	wait a bit for more data before actually sending it out. This is called	265	wait a bit for more data before actually sending it out. This is called
183	the Nagle algorithm, and usually it is beneficial.	266	the Nagle algorithm, and usually it is beneficial.
184		267
185	In some situations you want as low a delay as possible, which cna be	268	In some situations you want as low a delay as possible, which can be
186	accomplishd by setting this option to true.	269	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.
187		270
188	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour, this option	271	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely
189	explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.	272	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.
190		273
191	=item read_size => <bytes>	274	=item read_size => <bytes>
192		275
193	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will try to read	276	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will
194	during each (loop iteration). Default: C<8192>.	277	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory
		278	requirements). Default: C<8192>.
195		279
196	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>	280	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>
197		281
198	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write	282	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write
199	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is	283	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is
200	considered empty.	284	considered empty.
201		285
		286	Sometimes it can be beneficial (for performance reasons) to add data to
		287	the write buffer before it is fully drained, but this is a rare case, as
		288	the operating system kernel usually buffers data as well, so the default
		289	is good in almost all cases.
		290
202	=item linger => <seconds>	291	=item linger => <seconds>
203		292
204	If non-zero (default: C<3600>), then the destructor of the	293	If non-zero (default: C<3600>), then the destructor of the
205	AnyEvent::Handle object will check wether there is still outstanding write	294	AnyEvent::Handle object will check whether there is still outstanding
206	data and will install a watcher that will write out this data. No errors	295	write data and will install a watcher that will write this data to the
207	will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating system treats	296	socket. No errors will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating
208	outstanding data at socket close time).	297	system treats outstanding data at socket close time).
209		298
210	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not yet been	299	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded
211	encoded. This data will be lost.	300	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might
		301	help.
		302
		303	=item peername => $string
		304
		305	A string used to identify the remote site - usually the DNS hostname
		306	(I<not> IDN!) used to create the connection, rarely the IP address.
		307
		308	Apart from being useful in error messages, this string is also used in TLS
		309	peername verification (see C<verify_peername> in L<AnyEvent::TLS>). This
		310	verification will be skipped when C<peername> is not specified or
		311	C<undef>.
212		312
213	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object	313	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object
214		314
215	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means it	315	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means
216	will start making tls handshake and will transparently encrypt/decrypt	316	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been
217	data.	317	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.
		318
		319	All TLS protocol errors will be signalled as C<EPROTO>, with an
		320	appropriate error message.
218		321
219	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded	322	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
220	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle).	323	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
		324	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
		325	to add the dependency yourself.
221		326
222	For the TLS server side, use C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a	327	Unlike TCP, TLS has a server and client side: for the TLS server side, use
223	connection, use C<connect> mode.	328	C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a connection, use C<connect>
		329	mode.
224		330
225	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have	331	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have
226	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>	332	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>
227	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to	333	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to
228	AnyEvent::Handle.	334	AnyEvent::Handle. Also, this module will take ownership of this connection
		335	object.
229		336
		337	At some future point, AnyEvent::Handle might switch to another TLS
		338	implementation, then the option to use your own session object will go
		339	away.
		340
		341	B<IMPORTANT:> since Net::SSLeay "objects" are really only integers,
		342	passing in the wrong integer will lead to certain crash. This most often
		343	happens when one uses a stylish C<< tls => 1 >> and is surprised about the
		344	segmentation fault.
		345
230	See the C<starttls> method if you need to start TLs negotiation later.	346	See the C<< ->starttls >> method for when need to start TLS negotiation later.
231		347
232	=item tls_ctx => $ssl_ctx	348	=item tls_ctx => $anyevent_tls
233		349
234	Use the given Net::SSLeay::CTX object to create the new TLS connection	350	Use the given C<AnyEvent::TLS> object to create the new TLS connection
235	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is	351	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is
236	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.	352	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.
237		353
		354	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key
		355	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a
		356	new TLS context object.
		357
		358	=item on_starttls => $cb->($handle, $success[, $error_message])
		359
		360	This callback will be invoked when the TLS/SSL handshake has finished. If
		361	C<$success> is true, then the TLS handshake succeeded, otherwise it failed
		362	(C<on_stoptls> will not be called in this case).
		363
		364	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		365	callback, even when the handshake was not successful.
		366
		367	TLS handshake failures will not cause C<on_error> to be invoked when this
		368	callback is in effect, instead, the error message will be passed to C<on_starttls>.
		369
		370	Without this callback, handshake failures lead to C<on_error> being
		371	called, as normal.
		372
		373	Note that you cannot call C<starttls> right again in this callback. If you
		374	need to do that, start an zero-second timer instead whose callback can
		375	then call C<< ->starttls >> again.
		376
		377	=item on_stoptls => $cb->($handle)
		378
		379	When a SSLv3/TLS shutdown/close notify/EOF is detected and this callback is
		380	set, then it will be invoked after freeing the TLS session. If it is not,
		381	then a TLS shutdown condition will be treated like a normal EOF condition
		382	on the handle.
		383
		384	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		385	callback.
		386
		387	This callback will only be called on TLS shutdowns, not when the
		388	underlying handle signals EOF.
		389
238	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object	390	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object
239		391
240	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.	392	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.
241		393
242	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a	394	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a
243	suitable one, which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON texts.	395	suitable one (on demand), which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON
		396	texts.
244		397
245	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to	398	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to
246	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.	399	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.
247		400
248	=item filter_r => $cb
249
250	=item filter_w => $cb
251
252	These exist, but are undocumented at this time.
253
254	=back	401	=back
255		402
256	=cut	403	=cut
257		404
258	sub new {	405	sub new {
259	my $class = shift;	406	my $class = shift;
260
261	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;	407	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;
262		408
263	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";	409	if ($self->{fh}) {
		410	$self->_start;
		411	return unless $self->{fh}; # could be gone by now
		412
		413	} elsif ($self->{connect}) {
		414	require AnyEvent::Socket;
		415
		416	$self->{peername} = $self->{connect}[0]
		417	unless exists $self->{peername};
		418
		419	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		420
		421	{
		422	Scalar::Util::weaken (my $self = $self);
		423
		424	$self->{_connect} =
		425	AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect (
		426	$self->{connect}[0],
		427	$self->{connect}[1],
		428	sub {
		429	my ($fh, $host, $port, $retry) = @_;
		430
		431	if ($fh) {
		432	$self->{fh} = $fh;
		433
		434	delete $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		435	$self->_start;
		436
		437	$self->{on_connect}
		438	and $self->{on_connect}($self, $host, $port, sub {
		439	delete @$self{qw(fh _tw _ww _rw _eof _queue rbuf _wbuf tls _tls_rbuf _tls_wbuf)};
		440	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		441	&$retry;
		442	});
		443
		444	} else {
		445	if ($self->{on_connect_error}) {
		446	$self->{on_connect_error}($self, "$!");
		447	$self->destroy;
		448	} else {
		449	$self->fatal ($!, 1);
		450	}
		451	}
		452	},
		453	sub {
		454	local $self->{fh} = $_[0];
		455
		456	$self->{on_prepare}->($self)
		457	if $self->{on_prepare};
		458	}
		459	);
		460	}
		461
		462	} else {
		463	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle: either an existing fh or the connect parameter must be specified";
		464	}
		465
		466	$self
		467	}
		468
		469	sub _start {
		470	my ($self) = @_;
264		471
265	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;	472	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;
266
267	if ($self->{tls}) {
268	require Net::SSLeay;
269	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx});
270	}
271		473
272	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	474	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
273	$self->_timeout;	475	$self->_timeout;
274		476
275	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if exists $self->{on_drain};
276	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay}) if exists $self->{no_delay};	477	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay}) if exists $self->{no_delay};
277		478
		479	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})
		480	if $self->{tls};
		481
		482	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};
		483
278	$self->start_read	484	$self->start_read
279	if $self->{on_read};	485	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
280		486
281	$self	487	$self->_drain_wbuf;
282	}	488	}
283		489
284	sub _shutdown {	490	#sub _shutdown {
285	my ($self) = @_;	491	# my ($self) = @_;
286		492	#
287	delete $self->{_tw};	493	# delete @$self{qw(_tw _rw _ww fh wbuf on_read _queue)};
288	delete $self->{_rw};	494	# $self->{_eof} = 1; # tell starttls et. al to stop trying
289	delete $self->{_ww};	495	#
290	delete $self->{fh};	496	# &_freetls;
291		497	#}
292	$self->stoptls;
293	}
294		498
295	sub _error {	499	sub _error {
296	my ($self, $errno, $fatal) = @_;	500	my ($self, $errno, $fatal, $message) = @_;
297
298	$self->_shutdown
299	if $fatal;
300		501
301	$! = $errno;	502	$! = $errno;
		503	$message ||= "$!";
302		504
303	if ($self->{on_error}) {	505	if ($self->{on_error}) {
304	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal);	506	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal, $message);
305	} else {	507	$self->destroy if $fatal;
		508	} elsif ($self->{fh}) {
		509	$self->destroy;
306	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $!";	510	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $message";
307	}	511	}
308	}	512	}
309		513
310	=item $fh = $handle->fh	514	=item $fh = $handle->fh
311		515
312	This method returns the file handle of the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.	516	This method returns the file handle used to create the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.
313		517
314	=cut	518	=cut
315		519
316	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }	520	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }
317		521
…		…
335	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];	539	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];
336	}	540	}
337		541
338	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)	542	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)
339		543
340	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback	544	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback (but
341	(but not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See C<timeout> constructor	545	not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor
342	argument.	546	argument and method.
343		547
344	=cut	548	=cut
345		549
346	sub on_timeout {	550	sub on_timeout {
347	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];	551	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];
348	}	552	}
349		553
350	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)	554	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)
351		555
352	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>	556	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>
353	constructor argument).	557	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.
354		558
355	=cut	559	=cut
		560
		561	sub autocork {
		562	$_[0]{autocork} = $_[1];
		563	}
356		564
357	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)	565	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)
358		566
359	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of	567	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of
360	the same name for details).	568	the same name for details).
…		…
364	sub no_delay {	572	sub no_delay {
365	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];	573	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];
366		574
367	eval {	575	eval {
368	local $SIG{__DIE__};	576	local $SIG{__DIE__};
369	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, &Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, &Socket::TCP_NODELAY, int $_[1];	577	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, &Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, &Socket::TCP_NODELAY, int $_[1]
		578	if $_[0]{fh};
370	};	579	};
		580	}
		581
		582	=item $handle->on_starttls ($cb)
		583
		584	Replace the current C<on_starttls> callback (see the C<on_starttls> constructor argument).
		585
		586	=cut
		587
		588	sub on_starttls {
		589	$_[0]{on_starttls} = $_[1];
		590	}
		591
		592	=item $handle->on_stoptls ($cb)
		593
		594	Replace the current C<on_stoptls> callback (see the C<on_stoptls> constructor argument).
		595
		596	=cut
		597
		598	sub on_starttls {
		599	$_[0]{on_stoptls} = $_[1];
371	}	600	}
372		601
373	#############################################################################	602	#############################################################################
374		603
375	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)	604	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)
…		…
388	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary	617	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary
389	# also check for time-outs	618	# also check for time-outs
390	sub _timeout {	619	sub _timeout {
391	my ($self) = @_;	620	my ($self) = @_;
392		621
393	if ($self->{timeout}) {	622	if ($self->{timeout} && $self->{fh}) {
394	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;	623	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;
395		624
396	# when would the timeout trigger?	625	# when would the timeout trigger?
397	my $after = $self->{_activity} + $self->{timeout} - $NOW;	626	my $after = $self->{_activity} + $self->{timeout} - $NOW;
398		627
…		…
401	$self->{_activity} = $NOW;	630	$self->{_activity} = $NOW;
402		631
403	if ($self->{on_timeout}) {	632	if ($self->{on_timeout}) {
404	$self->{on_timeout}($self);	633	$self->{on_timeout}($self);
405	} else {	634	} else {
406	$self->_error (&Errno::ETIMEDOUT);	635	$self->_error (Errno::ETIMEDOUT);
407	}	636	}
408		637
409	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise	638	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise
410	return unless $self->{timeout};	639	return unless $self->{timeout};
411		640
…		…
453	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	682	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
454		683
455	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;	684	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;
456		685
457	$cb->($self)	686	$cb->($self)
458	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf};	687	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf});
459	}	688	}
460		689
461	=item $handle->push_write ($data)	690	=item $handle->push_write ($data)
462		691
463	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you	692	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you
…		…
474	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	703	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
475		704
476	my $cb = sub {	705	my $cb = sub {
477	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};	706	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};
478		707
479	if ($len >= 0) {	708	if (defined $len) {
480	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	709	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";
481		710
482	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	711	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
483		712
484	$self->{on_drain}($self)	713	$self->{on_drain}($self)
485	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf}	714	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})
486	&& $self->{on_drain};	715	&& $self->{on_drain};
487		716
488	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};	717	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};
489	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	718	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
490	$self->_error ($!, 1);	719	$self->_error ($!, 1);
…		…
514		743
515	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")	744	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")
516	->($self, @_);	745	->($self, @_);
517	}	746	}
518		747
519	if ($self->{filter_w}) {	748	if ($self->{tls}) {
520	$self->{filter_w}($self, \$_[0]);	749	$self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];
		750	&_dotls ($self) if $self->{fh};
521	} else {	751	} else {
522	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];	752	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];
523	$self->_drain_wbuf;	753	$self->_drain_wbuf if $self->{fh};
524	}	754	}
525	}	755	}
526		756
527	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)	757	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)
528		758
…		…
542	=cut	772	=cut
543		773
544	register_write_type netstring => sub {	774	register_write_type netstring => sub {
545	my ($self, $string) = @_;	775	my ($self, $string) = @_;
546		776
547	sprintf "%d:%s,", (length $string), $string	777	(length $string) . ":$string,"
548	};	778	};
549		779
550	=item packstring => $format, $data	780	=item packstring => $format, $data
551		781
552	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>	782	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
…		…
617		847
618	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)	848	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
619	};	849	};
620		850
621	=back	851	=back
		852
		853	=item $handle->push_shutdown
		854
		855	Sometimes you know you want to close the socket after writing your data
		856	before it was actually written. One way to do that is to replace your
		857	C<on_drain> handler by a callback that shuts down the socket (and set
		858	C<low_water_mark> to C<0>). This method is a shorthand for just that, and
		859	replaces the C<on_drain> callback with:
		860
		861	sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 } # for push_shutdown
		862
		863	This simply shuts down the write side and signals an EOF condition to the
		864	the peer.
		865
		866	You can rely on the normal read queue and C<on_eof> handling
		867	afterwards. This is the cleanest way to close a connection.
		868
		869	=cut
		870
		871	sub push_shutdown {
		872	my ($self) = @_;
		873
		874	delete $self->{low_water_mark};
		875	$self->on_drain (sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 });
		876	}
622		877
623	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)	878	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)
624		879
625	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.	880	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.
626	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code	881	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code
…		…
720	=cut	975	=cut
721		976
722	sub _drain_rbuf {	977	sub _drain_rbuf {
723	my ($self) = @_;	978	my ($self) = @_;
724		979
		980	# avoid recursion
		981	return if exists $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
725	local $self->{_in_drain} = 1;	982	local $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
726		983
727	if (	984	if (
728	defined $self->{rbuf_max}	985	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
729	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}	986	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
730	) {	987	) {
731	return $self->_error (&Errno::ENOSPC, 1);	988	$self->_error (Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
732	}	989	}
733		990
734	while () {	991	while () {
735	no strict 'refs';	992	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while
		993	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.
		994	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf} if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};
736		995
737	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};	996	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};
738		997
739	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {	998	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
740	unless ($cb->($self)) {	999	unless ($cb->($self)) {
741	if ($self->{_eof}) {	1000	if ($self->{_eof}) {
742	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)	1001	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
743	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), last;	1002	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return;
744	}	1003	}
745		1004
746	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1005	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
747	last;	1006	last;
748	}	1007	}
…		…
756	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty	1015	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
757	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read	1016	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read
758	) {	1017	) {
759	# no further data will arrive	1018	# no further data will arrive
760	# so no progress can be made	1019	# so no progress can be made
761	$self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1), last	1020	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
762	if $self->{_eof};	1021	if $self->{_eof};
763		1022
764	last; # more data might arrive	1023	last; # more data might arrive
765	}	1024	}
766	} else {	1025	} else {
767	# read side becomes idle	1026	# read side becomes idle
768	delete $self->{_rw};	1027	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
769	last;	1028	last;
770	}	1029	}
771	}	1030	}
772		1031
		1032	if ($self->{_eof}) {
		1033	if ($self->{on_eof}) {
773	$self->{on_eof}($self)	1034	$self->{on_eof}($self)
774	if $self->{_eof} && $self->{on_eof};	1035	} else {
		1036	$self->_error (0, 1, "Unexpected end-of-file");
		1037	}
		1038	}
775		1039
776	# may need to restart read watcher	1040	# may need to restart read watcher
777	unless ($self->{_rw}) {	1041	unless ($self->{_rw}) {
778	$self->start_read	1042	$self->start_read
779	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };	1043	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
…		…
790		1054
791	sub on_read {	1055	sub on_read {
792	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1056	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
793		1057
794	$self->{on_read} = $cb;	1058	$self->{on_read} = $cb;
795	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb && !$self->{_in_drain};	1059	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb;
796	}	1060	}
797		1061
798	=item $handle->rbuf	1062	=item $handle->rbuf
799		1063
800	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).	1064	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).
801		1065
802	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >> member, if	1066	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >>
803	you want.	1067	member, if you want. However, the only operation allowed on the
		1068	read buffer (apart from looking at it) is removing data from its
		1069	beginning. Otherwise modifying or appending to it is not allowed and will
		1070	lead to hard-to-track-down bugs.
804		1071
805	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,	1072	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,
806	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods	1073	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods
807	automatically manage the read buffer.	1074	automatically manage the read buffer.
808		1075
…		…
849	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_read")	1116	$cb = ($RH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_read")
850	->($self, $cb, @_);	1117	->($self, $cb, @_);
851	}	1118	}
852		1119
853	push @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1120	push @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
854	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1121	$self->_drain_rbuf;
855	}	1122	}
856		1123
857	sub unshift_read {	1124	sub unshift_read {
858	my $self = shift;	1125	my $self = shift;
859	my $cb = pop;	1126	my $cb = pop;
…		…
865	->($self, $cb, @_);	1132	->($self, $cb, @_);
866	}	1133	}
867		1134
868		1135
869	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1136	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
870	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1137	$self->_drain_rbuf;
871	}	1138	}
872		1139
873	=item $handle->push_read (type => @args, $cb)	1140	=item $handle->push_read (type => @args, $cb)
874		1141
875	=item $handle->unshift_read (type => @args, $cb)	1142	=item $handle->unshift_read (type => @args, $cb)
…		…
905	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");	1172	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");
906	1	1173	1
907	}	1174	}
908	};	1175	};
909		1176
910	# compatibility with older API
911	sub push_read_chunk {
912	$_[0]->push_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
913	}
914
915	sub unshift_read_chunk {
916	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
917	}
918
919	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)	1177	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)
920		1178
921	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of	1179	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of
922	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line	1180	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line
923	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and	1181	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and
…		…
938	=cut	1196	=cut
939		1197
940	register_read_type line => sub {	1198	register_read_type line => sub {
941	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;	1199	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;
942		1200
943	$eol = qr|(\015?\012)| if @_ < 3;	1201	if (@_ < 3) {
		1202	# this is more than twice as fast as the generic code below
		1203	sub {
		1204	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^([^\015\012]*)(\015?\012)// or return;
		1205
		1206	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
		1207	1
		1208	}
		1209	} else {
944	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;	1210	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;
945	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;	1211	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
946		1212
947	sub {	1213	sub {
948	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;	1214	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;
949		1215
950	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);	1216	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
		1217	1
951	1	1218	}
952	}	1219	}
953	};	1220	};
954
955	# compatibility with older API
956	sub push_read_line {
957	my $self = shift;
958	$self->push_read (line => @_);
959	}
960
961	sub unshift_read_line {
962	my $self = shift;
963	$self->unshift_read (line => @_);
964	}
965		1221
966	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)	1222	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)
967		1223
968	Makes a regex match against the regex object C<$accept> and returns	1224	Makes a regex match against the regex object C<$accept> and returns
969	everything up to and including the match.	1225	everything up to and including the match.
…		…
1019	return 1;	1275	return 1;
1020	}	1276	}
1021		1277
1022	# reject	1278	# reject
1023	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {	1279	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {
1024	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1280	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1025	}	1281	}
1026		1282
1027	# skip	1283	# skip
1028	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {	1284	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {
1029	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";	1285	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";
…		…
1045	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1301	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1046		1302
1047	sub {	1303	sub {
1048	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {	1304	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
1049	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {	1305	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
1050	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1306	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1051	}	1307	}
1052	return;	1308	return;
1053	}	1309	}
1054		1310
1055	my $len = $1;	1311	my $len = $1;
…		…
1058	my $string = $_[1];	1314	my $string = $_[1];
1059	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {	1315	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
1060	if ($_[1] eq ",") {	1316	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
1061	$cb->($_[0], $string);	1317	$cb->($_[0], $string);
1062	} else {	1318	} else {
1063	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1319	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1064	}	1320	}
1065	});	1321	});
1066	});	1322	});
1067		1323
1068	1	1324	1
…		…
1074	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>	1330	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
1075	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single	1331	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
1076	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an	1332	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
1077	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).	1333	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
1078		1334
1079	DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n>, EPP uses a prefix of C<N>.	1335	For example, DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n> (2 octet network order),
		1336	EPP uses a prefix of C<N> (4 octtes).
1080		1337
1081	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded	1338	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded
1082	format (very efficient).	1339	format (very efficient).
1083		1340
1084	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {	1341	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {
…		…
1090	register_read_type packstring => sub {	1347	register_read_type packstring => sub {
1091	my ($self, $cb, $format) = @_;	1348	my ($self, $cb, $format) = @_;
1092		1349
1093	sub {	1350	sub {
1094	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method	1351	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
1095	defined (my $len = eval { unpack $format, $_[0]->{rbuf} })	1352	defined (my $len = eval { unpack $format, $_[0]{rbuf} })
1096	or return;	1353	or return;
1097		1354
		1355	$format = length pack $format, $len;
		1356
		1357	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1358	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1359	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1360	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1361	$cb->($_[0], $data);
		1362	} else {
1098	# remove prefix	1363	# remove prefix
1099	substr $_[0]->{rbuf}, 0, (length pack $format, $len), "";	1364	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
1100		1365
1101	# read rest	1366	# read remaining chunk
1102	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, $cb);	1367	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, $cb);
		1368	}
1103		1369
1104	1	1370	1
1105	}	1371	}
1106	};	1372	};
1107		1373
1108	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)	1374	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)
1109		1375
1110	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the callback.	1376	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the
		1377	callback. When a parse error occurs, an C<EBADMSG> error will be raised.
1111		1378
1112	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used	1379	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used
1113	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.	1380	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.
1114		1381
1115	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version	1382	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version
…		…
1124	=cut	1391	=cut
1125		1392
1126	register_read_type json => sub {	1393	register_read_type json => sub {
1127	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1394	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1128		1395
1129	require JSON;	1396	my $json = $self->{json} ||=
		1397	eval { require JSON::XS; JSON::XS->new->utf8 }
		1398	|| do { require JSON; JSON->new->utf8 };
1130		1399
1131	my $data;	1400	my $data;
1132	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};	1401	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};
1133		1402
1134	my $json = $self->{json} ||= JSON->new->utf8;
1135
1136	sub {	1403	sub {
1137	my $ref = $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf});	1404	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };
1138		1405
1139	if ($ref) {	1406	if ($ref) {
1140	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;	1407	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
1141	$json->incr_text = "";	1408	$json->incr_text = "";
1142	$cb->($self, $ref);	1409	$cb->($self, $ref);
1143		1410
1144	1	1411	1
		1412	} elsif ($@) {
		1413	# error case
		1414	$json->incr_skip;
		1415
		1416	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
		1417	$json->incr_text = "";
		1418
		1419	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1420
		1421	()
1145	} else {	1422	} else {
1146	$self->{rbuf} = "";	1423	$self->{rbuf} = "";
		1424
1147	()	1425	()
1148	}	1426	}
1149	}	1427	}
1150	};	1428	};
1151		1429
…		…
1164		1442
1165	require Storable;	1443	require Storable;
1166		1444
1167	sub {	1445	sub {
1168	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method	1446	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
1169	defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]->{rbuf} })	1447	defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]{rbuf} })
1170	or return;	1448	or return;
1171		1449
		1450	my $format = length pack "w", $len;
		1451
		1452	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1453	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1454	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1455	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1456	$cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($data));
		1457	} else {
1172	# remove prefix	1458	# remove prefix
1173	substr $_[0]->{rbuf}, 0, (length pack "w", $len), "";	1459	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
1174		1460
1175	# read rest	1461	# read remaining chunk
1176	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {	1462	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
1177	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {	1463	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {
1178	$cb->($_[0], $ref);	1464	$cb->($_[0], $ref);
1179	} else {	1465	} else {
1180	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1466	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1467	}
1181	}	1468	});
1182	});	1469	}
		1470
		1471	1
1183	}	1472	}
1184	};	1473	};
1185		1474
1186	=back	1475	=back
1187		1476
…		…
1217	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when	1506	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when
1218	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it	1507	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it
1219	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor	1508	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor
1220	there are any read requests in the queue.	1509	there are any read requests in the queue.
1221		1510
		1511	These methods will have no effect when in TLS mode (as TLS doesn't support
		1512	half-duplex connections).
		1513
1222	=cut	1514	=cut
1223		1515
1224	sub stop_read {	1516	sub stop_read {
1225	my ($self) = @_;	1517	my ($self) = @_;
1226		1518
1227	delete $self->{_rw};	1519	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
1228	}	1520	}
1229		1521
1230	sub start_read {	1522	sub start_read {
1231	my ($self) = @_;	1523	my ($self) = @_;
1232		1524
1233	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {	1525	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {
1234	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	1526	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
1235		1527
1236	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {	1528	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {
1237	my $rbuf = $self->{filter_r} ? \my $buf : \$self->{rbuf};	1529	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});
1238	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;	1530	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;
1239		1531
1240	if ($len > 0) {	1532	if ($len > 0) {
1241	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	1533	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
1242		1534
1243	$self->{filter_r}	1535	if ($self->{tls}) {
1244	? $self->{filter_r}($self, $rbuf)	1536	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);
1245	: $self->{_in_drain} || $self->_drain_rbuf;	1537
		1538	&_dotls ($self);
		1539	} else {
		1540	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1541	}
1246		1542
1247	} elsif (defined $len) {	1543	} elsif (defined $len) {
1248	delete $self->{_rw};	1544	delete $self->{_rw};
1249	$self->{_eof} = 1;	1545	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1250	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};	1546	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1251		1547
1252	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	1548	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
1253	return $self->_error ($!, 1);	1549	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1254	}	1550	}
1255	});	1551	});
1256	}	1552	}
1257	}	1553	}
1258		1554
		1555	our $ERROR_SYSCALL;
		1556	our $ERROR_WANT_READ;
		1557
		1558	sub _tls_error {
		1559	my ($self, $err) = @_;
		1560
		1561	return $self->_error ($!, 1)
		1562	if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1563
		1564	my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
		1565
		1566	# reduce error string to look less scary
		1567	$err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
		1568
		1569	if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
		1570	(delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, $err);
		1571	&_freetls;
		1572	} else {
		1573	&_freetls;
		1574	$self->_error (Errno::EPROTO, 1, $err);
		1575	}
		1576	}
		1577
		1578	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable
		1579	# also decode read data if possible
		1580	# this is basiclaly our TLS state machine
		1581	# more efficient implementations are possible with openssl,
		1582	# but not with the buggy and incomplete Net::SSLeay.
1259	sub _dotls {	1583	sub _dotls {
1260	my ($self) = @_;	1584	my ($self) = @_;
1261		1585
1262	my $buf;	1586	my $tmp;
1263		1587
1264	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {	1588	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {
1265	while ((my $len = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {	1589	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {
1266	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	1590	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";
1267	}	1591	}
1268	}
1269		1592
		1593	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, $tmp);
		1594	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1595	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1596	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1597	}
		1598
		1599	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {
		1600	unless (length $tmp) {
		1601	$self->{_on_starttls}
		1602	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, "EOF during handshake"); # ???
		1603	&_freetls;
		1604
		1605	if ($self->{on_stoptls}) {
		1606	$self->{on_stoptls}($self);
		1607	return;
		1608	} else {
		1609	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
		1610	delete $self->{_rw};
		1611	$self->{_eof} = 1;
		1612	}
		1613	}
		1614
		1615	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;
		1616	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1617	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
		1618	}
		1619
		1620	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
		1621	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1622	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1623	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1624
1270	if (length ($buf = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {	1625	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {
1271	$self->{wbuf} .= $buf;	1626	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;
1272	$self->_drain_wbuf;	1627	$self->_drain_wbuf;
1273	}	1628	}
1274		1629
1275	while (defined ($buf = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {	1630	$self->{_on_starttls}
1276	if (length $buf) {	1631	and Net::SSLeay::state ($self->{tls}) == Net::SSLeay::ST_OK ()
1277	$self->{rbuf} .= $buf;	1632	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, 1, "TLS/SSL connection established");
1278	$self->_drain_rbuf unless $self->{_in_drain};
1279	} else {
1280	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
1281	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1282	$self->_shutdown;
1283	return;
1284	}
1285	}
1286
1287	my $err = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
1288
1289	if ($err!= Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ()) {
1290	if ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ()) {
1291	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1292	} elsif ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SSL ()) {
1293	return $self->_error (&Errno::EIO, 1);
1294	}
1295
1296	# all others are fine for our purposes
1297	}
1298	}	1633	}
1299		1634
1300	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])	1635	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
1301		1636
1302	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle	1637	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
1303	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling	1638	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling
1304	C<starttls>.	1639	C<starttls>.
1305		1640
		1641	Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some
		1642	write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start
		1643	immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent.
		1644
1306	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either	1645	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
1307	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).	1646	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
1308		1647
1309	The second argument is the optional C<Net::SSLeay::CTX> object that is	1648	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
1310	used when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object.	1649	when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object, or
		1650	a hash reference with C<< key => value >> pairs that will be used to
		1651	construct a new context.
1311		1652
1312	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >> after this	1653	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS
1313	call and can be used or changed to your liking. Note that the handshake	1654	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or
1314	might have already started when this function returns.	1655	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started
		1656	when this function returns.
1315		1657
		1658	Due to bugs in OpenSSL, it might or might not be possible to do multiple
		1659	handshakes on the same stream. Best do not attempt to use the stream after
		1660	stopping TLS.
		1661
1316	=cut	1662	=cut
		1663
		1664	our %TLS_CACHE; #TODO not yet documented, should we?
1317		1665
1318	sub starttls {	1666	sub starttls {
1319	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;	1667	my ($self, $tls, $ctx) = @_;
1320		1668
1321	$self->stoptls;	1669	Carp::croak "It is an error to call starttls on an AnyEvent::Handle object while TLS is already active, caught"
		1670	if $self->{tls};
1322		1671
1323	if ($ssl eq "accept") {	1672	$self->{tls} = $tls;
1324	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1673	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx if @_ > 2;
1325	Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state ($ssl);	1674
1326	} elsif ($ssl eq "connect") {	1675	return unless $self->{fh};
1327	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1676
1328	Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state ($ssl);	1677	require Net::SSLeay;
		1678
		1679	$ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1680	$ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
		1681
		1682	$tls = $self->{tls};
		1683	$ctx = $self->{tls_ctx};
		1684
		1685	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session
		1686
		1687	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
		1688	require AnyEvent::TLS;
		1689
		1690	if ($ctx->{cache}) {
		1691	my $key = $ctx+0;
		1692	$ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1693	} else {
		1694	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1695	}
		1696	}
1329	}	1697
1330		1698	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();
1331	$self->{tls} = $ssl;	1699	$self->{tls} = $tls = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($tls, $self, $self->{peername});
1332		1700
1333	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)	1701	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)
1334	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".	1702	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".
1335	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned	1703	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned
1336	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).	1704	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).
1337	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html	1705	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html
		1706	#
		1707	# in short: this is a mess.
		1708	#
		1709	# note that we do not try to keep the length constant between writes as we are required to do.
		1710	# we assume that most (but not all) of this insanity only applies to non-blocking cases,
		1711	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to
		1712	# have identity issues in that area.
1338	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($self->{tls},	1713	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,
1339	(eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)	1714	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)
1340	| (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));	1715	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));
		1716	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($tls, 1|2);
1341		1717
1342	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1718	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1343	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1719	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1344		1720
1345	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});	1721	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($tls, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});
1346		1722
1347	$self->{filter_w} = sub {	1723	$self->{_on_starttls} = sub { $_[0]{on_starttls}(@_) }
1348	$_[0]{_tls_wbuf} .= ${$_[1]};	1724	if $self->{on_starttls};
1349	&_dotls;	1725
1350	};	1726	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake
1351	$self->{filter_r} = sub {	1727	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read
1352	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($_[0]{_rbio}, ${$_[1]});
1353	&_dotls;
1354	};
1355	}	1728	}
1356		1729
1357	=item $handle->stoptls	1730	=item $handle->stoptls
1358		1731
1359	Destroys the SSL connection, if any. Partial read or write data will be	1732	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by
1360	lost.	1733	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't
		1734	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not guarenteed that you can re-use
		1735	the stream afterwards.
1361		1736
1362	=cut	1737	=cut
1363		1738
1364	sub stoptls {	1739	sub stoptls {
1365	my ($self) = @_;	1740	my ($self) = @_;
1366		1741
1367	Net::SSLeay::free (delete $self->{tls}) if $self->{tls};	1742	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1743	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});
1368		1744
1369	delete $self->{_rbio};	1745	&_dotls;
1370	delete $self->{_wbio};	1746
1371	delete $self->{_tls_wbuf};	1747	# # we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...#d#
1372	delete $self->{filter_r};	1748	# # we, we... have to use openssl :/#d#
1373	delete $self->{filter_w};	1749	# &_freetls;#d#
		1750	}
		1751	}
		1752
		1753	sub _freetls {
		1754	my ($self) = @_;
		1755
		1756	return unless $self->{tls};
		1757
		1758	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls})
		1759	if ref $self->{tls};
		1760
		1761	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf _on_starttls)};
1374	}	1762	}
1375		1763
1376	sub DESTROY {	1764	sub DESTROY {
1377	my $self = shift;	1765	my ($self) = @_;
1378		1766
1379	$self->stoptls;	1767	&_freetls;
1380		1768
1381	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;	1769	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;
1382		1770
1383	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf}) {	1771	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf} && $self->{fh}) {
1384	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};	1772	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};
1385	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};	1773	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};
1386		1774
1387	my @linger;	1775	my @linger;
1388		1776
…		…
1399	@linger = ();	1787	@linger = ();
1400	});	1788	});
1401	}	1789	}
1402	}	1790	}
1403		1791
		1792	=item $handle->destroy
		1793
		1794	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that
		1795	no further callbacks will be invoked and as many resources as possible
		1796	will be freed. You must not call any methods on the object afterwards.
		1797
		1798	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle
		1799	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF
		1800	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write
		1801	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from
		1802	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in
		1803	that case.
		1804
		1805	Destroying the handle object in this way has the advantage that callbacks
		1806	will be removed as well, so if those are the only reference holders (as
		1807	is common), then one doesn't need to do anything special to break any
		1808	reference cycles.
		1809
		1810	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining
		1811	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.
		1812
		1813	=cut
		1814
		1815	sub destroy {
		1816	my ($self) = @_;
		1817
		1818	$self->DESTROY;
		1819	%$self = ();
		1820	}
		1821
1404	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX	1822	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX
1405		1823
1406	This function creates and returns the Net::SSLeay::CTX object used by	1824	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default
1407	default for TLS mode.	1825	for TLS mode.
1408		1826
1409	The context is created like this:	1827	The context is created by calling L<AnyEvent::TLS> without any arguments.
1410
1411	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings;
1412	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms;
1413	Net::SSLeay::randomize;
1414
1415	my $CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new;
1416
1417	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options $CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL
1418		1828
1419	=cut	1829	=cut
1420		1830
1421	our $TLS_CTX;	1831	our $TLS_CTX;
1422		1832
1423	sub TLS_CTX() {	1833	sub TLS_CTX() {
1424	$TLS_CTX || do {	1834	$TLS_CTX ||= do {
1425	require Net::SSLeay;	1835	require AnyEvent::TLS;
1426		1836
1427	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings ();	1837	new AnyEvent::TLS
1428	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms ();
1429	Net::SSLeay::randomize ();
1430
1431	$TLS_CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new ();
1432
1433	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options ($TLS_CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL ());
1434
1435	$TLS_CTX
1436	}	1838	}
1437	}	1839	}
1438		1840
1439	=back	1841	=back
		1842
		1843
		1844	=head1 NONFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		1845
		1846	=over 4
		1847
		1848	=item I C<undef> the AnyEvent::Handle reference inside my callback and
		1849	still get further invocations!
		1850
		1851	That's because AnyEvent::Handle keeps a reference to itself when handling
		1852	read or write callbacks.
		1853
		1854	It is only safe to "forget" the reference inside EOF or error callbacks,
		1855	from within all other callbacks, you need to explicitly call the C<<
		1856	->destroy >> method.
		1857
		1858	=item I get different callback invocations in TLS mode/Why can't I pause
		1859	reading?
		1860
		1861	Unlike, say, TCP, TLS connections do not consist of two independent
		1862	communication channels, one for each direction. Or put differently. The
		1863	read and write directions are not independent of each other: you cannot
		1864	write data unless you are also prepared to read, and vice versa.
		1865
		1866	This can mean than, in TLS mode, you might get C<on_error> or C<on_eof>
		1867	callback invocations when you are not expecting any read data - the reason
		1868	is that AnyEvent::Handle always reads in TLS mode.
		1869
		1870	During the connection, you have to make sure that you always have a
		1871	non-empty read-queue, or an C<on_read> watcher. At the end of the
		1872	connection (or when you no longer want to use it) you can call the
		1873	C<destroy> method.
		1874
		1875	=item How do I read data until the other side closes the connection?
		1876
		1877	If you just want to read your data into a perl scalar, the easiest way
		1878	to achieve this is by setting an C<on_read> callback that does nothing,
		1879	clearing the C<on_eof> callback and in the C<on_error> callback, the data
		1880	will be in C<$_[0]{rbuf}>:
		1881
		1882	$handle->on_read (sub { });
		1883	$handle->on_eof (undef);
		1884	$handle->on_error (sub {
		1885	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};
		1886	});
		1887
		1888	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies
		1889	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in
		1890	fact, all data has been received.
		1891
		1892	It is usually better to use acknowledgements when transferring data,
		1893	to make sure the other side hasn't just died and you got the data
		1894	intact. This is also one reason why so many internet protocols have an
		1895	explicit QUIT command.
		1896
		1897	=item I don't want to destroy the handle too early - how do I wait until
		1898	all data has been written?
		1899
		1900	After writing your last bits of data, set the C<on_drain> callback
		1901	and destroy the handle in there - with the default setting of
		1902	C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been
		1903	written to the socket:
		1904
		1905	$handle->push_write (...);
		1906	$handle->on_drain (sub {
		1907	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";
		1908	undef $handle;
		1909	});
		1910
		1911	If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
		1912	consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
		1913
		1914	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I don't care about security.
		1915
		1916	If your TLS server is a pure TLS server (e.g. HTTPS) that only speaks TLS,
		1917	simply connect to it and then create the AnyEvent::Handle with the C<tls>
		1918	parameter:
		1919
		1920	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		1921	my ($fh) = @_;
		1922
		1923	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1924	fh => $fh,
		1925	tls => "connect",
		1926	on_error => sub { ... };
		1927
		1928	$handle->push_write (...);
		1929	};
		1930
		1931	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I do care about security.
		1932
		1933	Then you should additionally enable certificate verification, including
		1934	peername verification, if the protocol you use supports it (see
		1935	L<AnyEvent::TLS>, C<verify_peername>).
		1936
		1937	E.g. for HTTPS:
		1938
		1939	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		1940	my ($fh) = @_;
		1941
		1942	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1943	fh => $fh,
		1944	peername => $host,
		1945	tls => "connect",
		1946	tls_ctx => { verify => 1, verify_peername => "https" },
		1947	...
		1948
		1949	Note that you must specify the hostname you connected to (or whatever
		1950	"peername" the protocol needs) as the C<peername> argument, otherwise no
		1951	peername verification will be done.
		1952
		1953	The above will use the system-dependent default set of trusted CA
		1954	certificates. If you want to check against a specific CA, add the
		1955	C<ca_file> (or C<ca_cert>) arguments to C<tls_ctx>:
		1956
		1957	tls_ctx => {
		1958	verify => 1,
		1959	verify_peername => "https",
		1960	ca_file => "my-ca-cert.pem",
		1961	},
		1962
		1963	=item I want to create a TLS/SSL server, how do I do that?
		1964
		1965	Well, you first need to get a server certificate and key. You have
		1966	three options: a) ask a CA (buy one, use cacert.org etc.) b) create a
		1967	self-signed certificate (cheap. check the search engine of your choice,
		1968	there are many tutorials on the net) or c) make your own CA (tinyca2 is a
		1969	nice program for that purpose).
		1970
		1971	Then create a file with your private key (in PEM format, see
		1972	L<AnyEvent::TLS>), followed by the certificate (also in PEM format). The
		1973	file should then look like this:
		1974
		1975	-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		1976	...header data
		1977	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		1978	-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		1979
		1980	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
		1981	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		1982	-----END CERTIFICATE-----
		1983
		1984	The important bits are the "PRIVATE KEY" and "CERTIFICATE" parts. Then
		1985	specify this file as C<cert_file>:
		1986
		1987	tcp_server undef, $port, sub {
		1988	my ($fh) = @_;
		1989
		1990	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1991	fh => $fh,
		1992	tls => "accept",
		1993	tls_ctx => { cert_file => "my-server-keycert.pem" },
		1994	...
		1995
		1996	When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
		1997	know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
		1998
		1999	=back
		2000
1440		2001
1441	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle	2002	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
1442		2003
1443	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.	2004	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.
1444		2005
…		…
1448	=over 4	2009	=over 4
1449		2010
1450	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.	2011	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.
1451		2012
1452	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it	2013	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it
1453	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changes or	2014	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changed or
1454	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).	2015	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).
1455		2016
1456	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.	2017	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.
1457		2018
1458	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed	2019	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed

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