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Comparing AnyEvent/lib/AnyEvent/Handle.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.222 by root, Thu Aug 25 03:08:48 2011 UTC vs.
Revision 1.236 by root, Sat May 12 23:14:29 2012 UTC

11 11
12 my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle 12 my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
13 fh => \*STDIN, 13 fh => \*STDIN,
14 on_error => sub { 14 on_error => sub {
15 my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_; 15 my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
16 AE::log warn => "got error $msg\n"; 16 AE::log error => $msg;
17 $hdl->destroy; 17 $hdl->destroy;
18 $cv->send; 18 $cv->send;
19 }; 19 };
20 20
21 # send some request line 21 # send some request line
22 $hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012"); 22 $hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
23 23
24 # read the response line 24 # read the response line
25 $hdl->push_read (line => sub { 25 $hdl->push_read (line => sub {
26 my ($hdl, $line) = @_; 26 my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
27 AE::log warn => "got line <$line>\n"; 27 say "got line <$line>";
28 $cv->send; 28 $cv->send;
29 }); 29 });
30 30
31 $cv->recv; 31 $cv->recv;
32 32
128=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->()) 128=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->())
129 129
130This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established. 130This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established.
131 131
132The peer's numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as 132The peer's numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as
133parameters, together with a retry callback. 133parameters, together with a retry callback. At the time it is called the
134read and write queues, EOF status, TLS status and similar properties of
135the handle will have been reset.
134 136
137It is not allowed to use the read or write queues while the handle object
138is connecting.
139
135If, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, calling C<$retry> 140If, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, calling C<$retry> will
136will continue with the next connection target (in case of multi-homed 141continue with the next connection target (in case of multi-homed hosts or
137hosts or SRV records there can be multiple connection endpoints). At the 142SRV records there can be multiple connection endpoints). The C<$retry>
138time it is called the read and write queues, eof status, tls status and 143callback can be invoked after the connect callback returns, i.e. one can
139similar properties of the handle will have been reset. 144start a handshake and then decide to retry with the next host if the
145handshake fails.
140 146
141In most cases, you should ignore the C<$retry> parameter. 147In most cases, you should ignore the C<$retry> parameter.
142 148
143=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message) 149=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message)
144 150
164with active (but unsatisfiable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In 170with active (but unsatisfiable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In
165cases where the other side can close the connection at will, it is 171cases where the other side can close the connection at will, it is
166often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback. 172often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback.
167 173
168AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check 174AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
169against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is 175against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well.
170recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable 176
171error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">). 177If you report the error to the user, it is recommended to always output
178the C<$message> argument in human-readable error messages (you don't need
179to report C<"$!"> if you report C<$message>).
180
181If you want to react programmatically to the error, then looking at C<$!>
182and comparing it against some of the documented C<Errno> values is usually
183better than looking at the C<$message>.
172 184
173Non-fatal errors can be retried by returning, but it is recommended 185Non-fatal errors can be retried by returning, but it is recommended
174to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object 186to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
175when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts 187when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
176C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>). 188C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
224If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been 236If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
225set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>. 237set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
226 238
227=item on_drain => $cb->($handle) 239=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)
228 240
229This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty 241This sets the callback that is called once when the write buffer becomes
230(or immediately if the buffer is empty already). 242empty (and immediately when the handle object is created).
231 243
232To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method. 244To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.
233 245
234This callback is useful when you don't want to put all of your write data 246This callback is useful when you don't want to put all of your write data
235into the queue at once, for example, when you want to write the contents 247into the queue at once, for example, when you want to write the contents
417appropriate error message. 429appropriate error message.
418 430
419TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded 431TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
420automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't 432automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
421have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have 433have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
422to add the dependency yourself. 434to add the dependency yourself. If Net::SSLeay cannot be loaded or is too
435old, you get an C<EPROTO> error.
423 436
424Unlike TCP, TLS has a server and client side: for the TLS server side, use 437Unlike TCP, TLS has a server and client side: for the TLS server side, use
425C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a connection, use C<connect> 438C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a connection, use C<connect>
426mode. 439mode.
427 440
880 893
881The write queue is very simple: you can add data to its end, and 894The write queue is very simple: you can add data to its end, and
882AnyEvent::Handle will automatically try to get rid of it for you. 895AnyEvent::Handle will automatically try to get rid of it for you.
883 896
884When data could be written and the write buffer is shorter then the low 897When data could be written and the write buffer is shorter then the low
885water mark, the C<on_drain> callback will be invoked. 898water mark, the C<on_drain> callback will be invoked once.
886 899
887=over 4 900=over 4
888 901
889=item $handle->on_drain ($cb) 902=item $handle->on_drain ($cb)
890 903
1081=cut 1094=cut
1082 1095
1083register_write_type storable => sub { 1096register_write_type storable => sub {
1084 my ($self, $ref) = @_; 1097 my ($self, $ref) = @_;
1085 1098
1086 require Storable; 1099 require Storable unless $Storable::VERSION;
1087 1100
1088 pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref) 1101 pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
1089}; 1102};
1090 1103
1091=back 1104=back
1128 1141
1129Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will the function with 1142Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will the function with
1130the handle object and the remaining arguments. 1143the handle object and the remaining arguments.
1131 1144
1132The function is supposed to return a single octet string that will be 1145The function is supposed to return a single octet string that will be
1133appended to the write buffer, so you cna mentally treat this function as a 1146appended to the write buffer, so you can mentally treat this function as a
1134"arguments to on-the-wire-format" converter. 1147"arguments to on-the-wire-format" converter.
1135 1148
1136Example: implement a custom write type C<join> that joins the remaining 1149Example: implement a custom write type C<join> that joins the remaining
1137arguments using the first one. 1150arguments using the first one.
1138 1151
1432data. 1445data.
1433 1446
1434Example: read 2 bytes. 1447Example: read 2 bytes.
1435 1448
1436 $handle->push_read (chunk => 2, sub { 1449 $handle->push_read (chunk => 2, sub {
1437 AE::log debug => "yay " . unpack "H*", $_[1]; 1450 say "yay " . unpack "H*", $_[1];
1438 }); 1451 });
1439 1452
1440=cut 1453=cut
1441 1454
1442register_read_type chunk => sub { 1455register_read_type chunk => sub {
1476 if (@_ < 3) { 1489 if (@_ < 3) {
1477 # this is more than twice as fast as the generic code below 1490 # this is more than twice as fast as the generic code below
1478 sub { 1491 sub {
1479 $_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^([^\015\012]*)(\015?\012)// or return; 1492 $_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^([^\015\012]*)(\015?\012)// or return;
1480 1493
1481 $cb->($_[0], $1, $2); 1494 $cb->($_[0], "$1", "$2");
1482 1 1495 1
1483 } 1496 }
1484 } else { 1497 } else {
1485 $eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol; 1498 $eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;
1486 $eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s; 1499 $eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
1487 1500
1488 sub { 1501 sub {
1489 $_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return; 1502 $_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;
1490 1503
1491 $cb->($_[0], $1, $2); 1504 $cb->($_[0], "$1", "$2");
1492 1 1505 1
1493 } 1506 }
1494 } 1507 }
1495}; 1508};
1496 1509
1711=cut 1724=cut
1712 1725
1713register_read_type storable => sub { 1726register_read_type storable => sub {
1714 my ($self, $cb) = @_; 1727 my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1715 1728
1716 require Storable; 1729 require Storable unless $Storable::VERSION;
1717 1730
1718 sub { 1731 sub {
1719 # when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method 1732 # when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
1720 defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]{rbuf} }) 1733 defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]{rbuf} })
1721 or return; 1734 or return;
1724 1737
1725 # bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk 1738 # bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
1726 if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) { 1739 if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
1727 my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len; 1740 my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
1728 substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, ""; 1741 substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
1742
1729 $cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($data)); 1743 eval { $cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($data)); 1 }
1744 or return $_[0]->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1730 } else { 1745 } else {
1731 # remove prefix 1746 # remove prefix
1732 substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, ""; 1747 substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
1733 1748
1734 # read remaining chunk 1749 # read remaining chunk
1735 $_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub { 1750 $_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
1736 if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) { 1751 eval { $cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($_[1])); 1 }
1737 $cb->($_[0], $ref);
1738 } else {
1739 $_[0]->_error (Errno::EBADMSG); 1752 or $_[0]->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
1740 }
1741 }); 1753 });
1742 } 1754 }
1743 1755
1744 1 1756 1
1745 } 1757 }
1758};
1759
1760=item tls_detect => $cb->($handle, $detect, $major, $minor)
1761
1762Checks the input stream for a valid SSL or TLS handshake TLSPaintext
1763record without consuming anything. Only SSL version 3 or higher
1764is handled, up to the fictituous protocol 4.x (but both SSL3+ and
1765SSL2-compatible framing is supported).
1766
1767If it detects that the input data is likely TLS, it calls the callback
1768with a true value for C<$detect> and the (on-wire) TLS version as second
1769and third argument (C<$major> is C<3>, and C<$minor> is 0..3 for SSL
17703.0, TLS 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2, respectively). If it detects the input to
1771be definitely not TLS, it calls the callback with a false value for
1772C<$detect>.
1773
1774The callback could use this information to decide whether or not to start
1775TLS negotiation.
1776
1777In all cases the data read so far is passed to the following read
1778handlers.
1779
1780Usually you want to use the C<tls_autostart> read type instead.
1781
1782If you want to design a protocol that works in the presence of TLS
1783dtection, make sure that any non-TLS data doesn't start with the octet 22
1784(ASCII SYN, 16 hex) or 128-255 (i.e. highest bit set). The checks this
1785read type does are a bit more strict, but might losen in the future to
1786accomodate protocol changes.
1787
1788This read type does not rely on L<AnyEvent::TLS> (and thus, not on
1789L<Net::SSLeay>).
1790
1791=item tls_autostart => $tls[, $tls_ctx]
1792
1793Tries to detect a valid SSL or TLS handshake. If one is detected, it tries
1794to start tls by calling C<starttls> with the given arguments.
1795
1796In practise, C<$tls> must be C<accept>, or a Net::SSLeay context that has
1797been configured to accept, as servers do not normally send a handshake on
1798their own and ths cannot be detected in this way.
1799
1800See C<tls_detect> above for more details.
1801
1802Example: give the client a chance to start TLS before accepting a text
1803line.
1804
1805 $hdl->push_read (tls_detect => "accept");
1806 $hdl->push_read (line => sub {
1807 print "received ", ($_[0]{tls} ? "encrypted" : "cleartext"), " <$_[1]>\n";
1808 });
1809
1810=cut
1811
1812register_read_type tls_detect => sub {
1813 my ($self, $cb) = @_;
1814
1815 sub {
1816 # this regex matches a full or partial tls record
1817 if (
1818 # ssl3+: type(22=handshake) major(=3) minor(any) length_hi
1819 $self->{rbuf} =~ /^(?:\z| \x16 (\z| [\x03\x04] (?:\z| . (?:\z| [\x00-\x40] ))))/xs
1820 # ssl2 comapatible: len_hi len_lo type(1) major minor dummy(forlength)
1821 or $self->{rbuf} =~ /^(?:\z| [\x80-\xff] (?:\z| . (?:\z| \x01 (\z| [\x03\x04] (?:\z| . (?:\z| . ))))))/xs
1822 ) {
1823 return if 3 != length $1; # partial match, can't decide yet
1824
1825 # full match, valid TLS record
1826 my ($major, $minor) = unpack "CC", $1;
1827 $cb->($self, "accept", $major + $minor * 0.1);
1828 } else {
1829 # mismatch == guaranteed not TLS
1830 $cb->($self, undef);
1831 }
1832
1833 1
1834 }
1835};
1836
1837register_read_type tls_autostart => sub {
1838 my ($self, @tls) = @_;
1839
1840 $RH{tls_detect}($self, sub {
1841 return unless $_[1];
1842 $_[0]->starttls (@tls);
1843 })
1746}; 1844};
1747 1845
1748=back 1846=back
1749 1847
1750=item custom read types - Package::anyevent_read_type $handle, $cb, @args 1848=item custom read types - Package::anyevent_read_type $handle, $cb, @args
1792some readings of the the SSL/TLS specifications basically require this 1890some readings of the the SSL/TLS specifications basically require this
1793attack to be working, as SSL/TLS implementations might stall sending data 1891attack to be working, as SSL/TLS implementations might stall sending data
1794during a rehandshake. 1892during a rehandshake.
1795 1893
1796As a guideline, during the initial handshake, you should not stop reading, 1894As a guideline, during the initial handshake, you should not stop reading,
1797and as a client, it might cause problems, depending on your applciation. 1895and as a client, it might cause problems, depending on your application.
1798 1896
1799=cut 1897=cut
1800 1898
1801sub stop_read { 1899sub stop_read {
1802 my ($self) = @_; 1900 my ($self) = @_;
1850 my ($self, $err) = @_; 1948 my ($self, $err) = @_;
1851 1949
1852 return $self->_error ($!, 1) 1950 return $self->_error ($!, 1)
1853 if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL (); 1951 if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
1854 1952
1855 my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ()); 1953 my $err = Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
1856 1954
1857 # reduce error string to look less scary 1955 # reduce error string to look less scary
1858 $err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /; 1956 $err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
1859 1957
1860 if ($self->{_on_starttls}) { 1958 if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
1926 2024
1927=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx]) 2025=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
1928 2026
1929Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle 2027Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
1930object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling 2028object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling
1931C<starttls>. 2029C<starttls>. See the C<tls> constructor argument for general info.
1932 2030
1933Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some 2031Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some
1934write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start 2032write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start
1935immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent. 2033immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent. This might
2034change in future versions, so best make sure you have no outstanding write
2035data when calling this method.
1936 2036
1937The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either 2037The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
1938C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object). 2038C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
1939 2039
1940The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used 2040The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
1962 my ($self, $tls, $ctx) = @_; 2062 my ($self, $tls, $ctx) = @_;
1963 2063
1964 Carp::croak "It is an error to call starttls on an AnyEvent::Handle object while TLS is already active, caught" 2064 Carp::croak "It is an error to call starttls on an AnyEvent::Handle object while TLS is already active, caught"
1965 if $self->{tls}; 2065 if $self->{tls};
1966 2066
2067 unless (defined $AnyEvent::TLS::VERSION) {
2068 eval {
2069 require Net::SSLeay;
2070 require AnyEvent::TLS;
2071 1
2072 } or return $self->_error (Errno::EPROTO, 1, "TLS support not available on this system");
2073 }
2074
1967 $self->{tls} = $tls; 2075 $self->{tls} = $tls;
1968 $self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx if @_ > 2; 2076 $self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx if @_ > 2;
1969 2077
1970 return unless $self->{fh}; 2078 return unless $self->{fh};
1971 2079
1972 require Net::SSLeay;
1973
1974 $ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL (); 2080 $ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
1975 $ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ (); 2081 $ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
1976 2082
1977 $tls = delete $self->{tls}; 2083 $tls = delete $self->{tls};
1978 $ctx = $self->{tls_ctx}; 2084 $ctx = $self->{tls_ctx};
1979 2085
1980 local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session 2086 local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session
1981 2087
1982 if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) { 2088 if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
1983 require AnyEvent::TLS;
1984
1985 if ($ctx->{cache}) { 2089 if ($ctx->{cache}) {
1986 my $key = $ctx+0; 2090 my $key = $ctx+0;
1987 $ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx; 2091 $ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
1988 } else { 2092 } else {
1989 $ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx; 2093 $ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
2204Probably because your C<on_error> callback is being called instead: When 2308Probably because your C<on_error> callback is being called instead: When
2205you have outstanding requests in your read queue, then an EOF is 2309you have outstanding requests in your read queue, then an EOF is
2206considered an error as you clearly expected some data. 2310considered an error as you clearly expected some data.
2207 2311
2208To avoid this, make sure you have an empty read queue whenever your handle 2312To avoid this, make sure you have an empty read queue whenever your handle
2209is supposed to be "idle" (i.e. connection closes are O.K.). You cna set 2313is supposed to be "idle" (i.e. connection closes are O.K.). You can set
2210an C<on_read> handler that simply pushes the first read requests in the 2314an C<on_read> handler that simply pushes the first read requests in the
2211queue. 2315queue.
2212 2316
2213See also the next question, which explains this in a bit more detail. 2317See also the next question, which explains this in a bit more detail.
2214 2318
2222handles requests until the server gets some QUIT command, causing it to 2326handles requests until the server gets some QUIT command, causing it to
2223close the connection first (highly desirable for a busy TCP server). A 2327close the connection first (highly desirable for a busy TCP server). A
2224client dropping the connection is an error, which means this variant can 2328client dropping the connection is an error, which means this variant can
2225detect an unexpected detection close. 2329detect an unexpected detection close.
2226 2330
2227To handle this case, always make sure you have a on-empty read queue, by 2331To handle this case, always make sure you have a non-empty read queue, by
2228pushing the "read request start" handler on it: 2332pushing the "read request start" handler on it:
2229 2333
2230 # we assume a request starts with a single line 2334 # we assume a request starts with a single line
2231 my @start_request; @start_request = (line => sub { 2335 my @start_request; @start_request = (line => sub {
2232 my ($hdl, $line) = @_; 2336 my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
2245some data and raises the C<EPIPE> error when the connction is dropped 2349some data and raises the C<EPIPE> error when the connction is dropped
2246unexpectedly. 2350unexpectedly.
2247 2351
2248The second variant is a protocol where the client can drop the connection 2352The second variant is a protocol where the client can drop the connection
2249at any time. For TCP, this means that the server machine may run out of 2353at any time. For TCP, this means that the server machine may run out of
2250sockets easier, and in general, it means you cnanot distinguish a protocl 2354sockets easier, and in general, it means you cannot distinguish a protocl
2251failure/client crash from a normal connection close. Nevertheless, these 2355failure/client crash from a normal connection close. Nevertheless, these
2252kinds of protocols are common (and sometimes even the best solution to the 2356kinds of protocols are common (and sometimes even the best solution to the
2253problem). 2357problem).
2254 2358
2255Having an outstanding read request at all times is possible if you ignore 2359Having an outstanding read request at all times is possible if you ignore
2330C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been 2434C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been
2331written to the socket: 2435written to the socket:
2332 2436
2333 $handle->push_write (...); 2437 $handle->push_write (...);
2334 $handle->on_drain (sub { 2438 $handle->on_drain (sub {
2335 AE::log debug => "all data submitted to the kernel\n"; 2439 AE::log debug => "All data submitted to the kernel.";
2336 undef $handle; 2440 undef $handle;
2337 }); 2441 });
2338 2442
2339If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side, 2443If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
2340consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead. 2444consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
2424When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not 2528When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
2425know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>. 2529know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
2426 2530
2427=back 2531=back
2428 2532
2429
2430=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle 2533=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
2431 2534
2432In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle. 2535In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.
2433 2536
2434To make this easier, a given version of AnyEvent::Handle uses these 2537To make this easier, a given version of AnyEvent::Handle uses these
2460 2563
2461Robin Redeker C<< <elmex at ta-sa.org> >>, Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>. 2564Robin Redeker C<< <elmex at ta-sa.org> >>, Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>.
2462 2565
2463=cut 2566=cut
2464 2567
24651; # End of AnyEvent::Handle 25681
2569

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