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Revision 1.42 by root, Tue May 27 06:23:15 2008 UTC vs.
Revision 1.159 by root, Fri Jul 24 12:35:58 2009 UTC

1	package AnyEvent::Handle;	1	package AnyEvent::Handle;
2		2
3	no warnings;
4	use strict;
5
6	use AnyEvent ();
7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
8	use Scalar::Util ();	3	use Scalar::Util ();
9	use Carp ();	4	use Carp ();
10	use Fcntl ();
11	use Errno qw/EAGAIN EINTR/;	5	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
		6
		7	use AnyEvent (); BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
		8	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
12		9
13	=head1 NAME	10	=head1 NAME
14		11
15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent	12	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent
16		13
17	=cut	14	=cut
18		15
19	our $VERSION = '0.04';	16	our $VERSION = 4.86;
20		17
21	=head1 SYNOPSIS	18	=head1 SYNOPSIS
22		19
23	use AnyEvent;	20	use AnyEvent;
24	use AnyEvent::Handle;	21	use AnyEvent::Handle;
25		22
26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	23	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
27		24
28	my $handle =	25	my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
29	AnyEvent::Handle->new (
30	fh => \*STDIN,	26	fh => \*STDIN,
31	on_eof => sub {	27	on_error => sub {
32	$cv->broadcast;	28	my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
33	},	29	warn "got error $msg\n";
		30	$hdl->destroy;
		31	$cv->send;
34	);	32	);
35		33
36	# send some request line	34	# send some request line
37	$handle->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");	35	$hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
38		36
39	# read the response line	37	# read the response line
40	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	38	$hdl->push_read (line => sub {
41	my ($handle, $line) = @_;	39	my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
42	warn "read line <$line>\n";	40	warn "got line <$line>\n";
43	$cv->send;	41	$cv->send;
44	});	42	});
45		43
46	$cv->recv;	44	$cv->recv;
47		45
48	=head1 DESCRIPTION	46	=head1 DESCRIPTION
49		47
50	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on	48	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on
51	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts	49	filehandles.
52	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.	50
		51	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented
		52	AnyEvent::Handle examples.
53		53
54	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this	54	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this
55	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their	55	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their
56	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.	56	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.
57		57
		58	At the very minimum, you should specify C<fh> or C<connect>, and the
		59	C<on_error> callback.
		60
58	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first	61	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first
59	argument.	62	argument.
60		63
61	=head1 METHODS	64	=head1 METHODS
62		65
63	=over 4	66	=over 4
64		67
65	=item B<new (%args)>	68	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::TLS fh => $filehandle, key => value...
66		69
67	The constructor supports these arguments (all as key => value pairs).	70	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).
68		71
69	=over 4	72	=over 4
70		73
71	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]	74	=item fh => $filehandle [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
72		75
73	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.	76	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.
74
75	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking (using	77	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using
76	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking).	78	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in
		79	that mode.
77		80
78	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)	81	=item connect => [$host, $service] [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
79		82
80	Set the callback to be called on EOF.	83	Try to connect to the specified host and service (port), using
		84	C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>. The C<$host> additionally becomes the
		85	default C<peername>.
81		86
82	While not mandatory, it is highly recommended to set an eof callback,	87	You have to specify either this parameter, or C<fh>, above.
83	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still
84	waiting for data.
85		88
		89	When this parameter is specified, then the C<on_prepare>,
		90	C<on_connect_error> and C<on_connect> callbacks will be called under the
		91	appropriate circumstances:
		92
		93	=over 4
		94
86	=item on_error => $cb->($handle)	95	=item on_prepare => $cb->($handle)
87		96
		97	This (rarely used) callback is called before a new connection is
		98	attempted, but after the file handle has been created. It could be used to
		99	prepare the file handle with parameters required for the actual connect
		100	(as opposed to settings that can be changed when the connection is already
		101	established).
		102
		103	=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->())
		104
		105	This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established.
		106
		107	The actual numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as
		108	parameters, together with a retry callback.
		109
		110	When, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, then calling
		111	C<$retry> will continue with the next conenction target (in case of
		112	multi-homed hosts or SRV records there can be multiple connection
		113	endpoints). When it is called then the read and write queues, eof status,
		114	tls status and similar properties of the handle are being reset.
		115
		116	In most cases, ignoring the C<$retry> parameter is the way to go.
		117
		118	=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message)
		119
		120	This callback is called when the conenction could not be
		121	established. C<$!> will contain the relevant error code, and C<$message> a
		122	message describing it (usually the same as C<"$!">).
		123
		124	If this callback isn't specified, then C<on_error> will be called with a
		125	fatal error instead.
		126
		127	=back
		128
		129	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal, $message)
		130
88	This is the fatal error callback, that is called when, well, a fatal error	131	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
89	occurs, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to connect	132	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
90	or a read error.	133	connect or a read error.
91		134
92	The object will not be in a usable state when this callback has been	135	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
93	called.	136	fatal errors the handle object will be destroyed (by a call to C<< ->
		137	destroy >>) after invoking the error callback (which means you are free to
		138	examine the handle object). Examples of fatal errors are an EOF condition
		139	with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In
		140	cases where the other side can close the connection at their will it is
		141	often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback.
		142
		143	AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
		144	against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is
		145	recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable
		146	error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">).
		147
		148	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
		149	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
		150	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
		151	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
94		152
95	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system	153	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
96	error (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE> or C<EBADMSG>).	154	error code (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT>, C<EBADMSG> or
97		155	C<EPROTO>).
98	The callback should throw an exception. If it returns, then
99	AnyEvent::Handle will C<croak> for you.
100		156
101	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as	157	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
102	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls	158	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
103	die.	159	C<croak>.
104		160
105	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)	161	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)
106		162
107	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives	163	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives
108	and no read request is in the queue.	164	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
		165	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
		166	read buffer).
109		167
110	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>	168	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
111	method or access the C<$handle->{rbuf}> member directly.	169	method or access the C<< $handle->{rbuf} >> member directly. Note that you
		170	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
		171	the beginning from it.
112		172
113	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to	173	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
114	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before	174	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
115	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal	175	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
116	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).	176	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
117		177
		178	Note that, unlike requests in the read queue, an C<on_read> callback
		179	doesn't mean you I<require> some data: if there is an EOF and there
		180	are outstanding read requests then an error will be flagged. With an
		181	C<on_read> callback, the C<on_eof> callback will be invoked.
		182
		183	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)
		184
		185	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,
		186	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the
		187	connection cleanly, and there are no outstanding read requests in the
		188	queue (if there are read requests, then an EOF counts as an unexpected
		189	connection close and will be flagged as an error).
		190
		191	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,
		192	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF
		193	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut
		194	down.
		195
		196	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
		197	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
		198
118	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)	199	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)
119		200
120	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty	201	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty
121	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).	202	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).
122		203
123	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.	204	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.
124		205
		206	This callback is useful when you don't want to put all of your write data
		207	into the queue at once, for example, when you want to write the contents
		208	of some file to the socket you might not want to read the whole file into
		209	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from
		210	the file when the write queue becomes empty.
		211
		212	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds
		213
		214	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many
		215	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file
		216	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is
		217	missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).
		218
		219	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have
		220	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection
		221	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout
		222	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply
		223	restart the timeout.
		224
		225	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.
		226
		227	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)
		228
		229	Called whenever the inactivity timeout passes. If you return from this
		230	callback, then the timeout will be reset as if some activity had happened,
		231	so this condition is not fatal in any way.
		232
125	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>	233	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>
126		234
127	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)	235	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)
128	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to	236	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to
129	avoid denial-of-service attacks.	237	avoid some forms of denial-of-service attacks.
130		238
131	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should	239	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should
132	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on	240	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on
133	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited	241	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited
134	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line	242	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line
135	isn't finished).	243	isn't finished).
136		244
		245	=item autocork => <boolean>
		246
		247	When disabled (the default), then C<push_write> will try to immediately
		248	write the data to the handle, if possible. This avoids having to register
		249	a write watcher and wait for the next event loop iteration, but can
		250	be inefficient if you write multiple small chunks (on the wire, this
		251	disadvantage is usually avoided by your kernel's nagle algorithm, see
		252	C<no_delay>, but this option can save costly syscalls).
		253
		254	When enabled, then writes will always be queued till the next event loop
		255	iteration. This is efficient when you do many small writes per iteration,
		256	but less efficient when you do a single write only per iteration (or when
		257	the write buffer often is full). It also increases write latency.
		258
		259	=item no_delay => <boolean>
		260
		261	When doing small writes on sockets, your operating system kernel might
		262	wait a bit for more data before actually sending it out. This is called
		263	the Nagle algorithm, and usually it is beneficial.
		264
		265	In some situations you want as low a delay as possible, which can be
		266	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.
		267
		268	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely
		269	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.
		270
137	=item read_size => <bytes>	271	=item read_size => <bytes>
138		272
139	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will try to read	273	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will
140	on each [loop iteration). Default: C<4096>.	274	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory
		275	requirements). Default: C<8192>.
141		276
142	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>	277	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>
143		278
144	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write	279	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write
145	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is	280	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is
146	considered empty.	281	considered empty.
147		282
		283	Sometimes it can be beneficial (for performance reasons) to add data to
		284	the write buffer before it is fully drained, but this is a rare case, as
		285	the operating system kernel usually buffers data as well, so the default
		286	is good in almost all cases.
		287
		288	=item linger => <seconds>
		289
		290	If non-zero (default: C<3600>), then the destructor of the
		291	AnyEvent::Handle object will check whether there is still outstanding
		292	write data and will install a watcher that will write this data to the
		293	socket. No errors will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating
		294	system treats outstanding data at socket close time).
		295
		296	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded
		297	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might
		298	help.
		299
		300	=item peername => $string
		301
		302	A string used to identify the remote site - usually the DNS hostname
		303	(I<not> IDN!) used to create the connection, rarely the IP address.
		304
		305	Apart from being useful in error messages, this string is also used in TLS
		306	peername verification (see C<verify_peername> in L<AnyEvent::TLS>). This
		307	verification will be skipped when C<peername> is not specified or
		308	C<undef>.
		309
148	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object	310	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object
149		311
150	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means it	312	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means
151	will start making tls handshake and will transparently encrypt/decrypt	313	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been
152	data.	314	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.
		315
		316	All TLS protocol errors will be signalled as C<EPROTO>, with an
		317	appropriate error message.
153		318
154	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded	319	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
155	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle).	320	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
		321	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
		322	to add the dependency yourself.
156		323
157	For the TLS server side, use C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a	324	Unlike TCP, TLS has a server and client side: for the TLS server side, use
158	connection, use C<connect> mode.	325	C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a connection, use C<connect>
		326	mode.
159		327
160	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have	328	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have
161	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>	329	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>
162	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to	330	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to
163	AnyEvent::Handle.	331	AnyEvent::Handle. Also, this module will take ownership of this connection
		332	object.
164		333
		334	At some future point, AnyEvent::Handle might switch to another TLS
		335	implementation, then the option to use your own session object will go
		336	away.
		337
		338	B<IMPORTANT:> since Net::SSLeay "objects" are really only integers,
		339	passing in the wrong integer will lead to certain crash. This most often
		340	happens when one uses a stylish C<< tls => 1 >> and is surprised about the
		341	segmentation fault.
		342
165	See the C<starttls> method if you need to start TLs negotiation later.	343	See the C<< ->starttls >> method for when need to start TLS negotiation later.
166		344
167	=item tls_ctx => $ssl_ctx	345	=item tls_ctx => $anyevent_tls
168		346
169	Use the given Net::SSLeay::CTX object to create the new TLS connection	347	Use the given C<AnyEvent::TLS> object to create the new TLS connection
170	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is	348	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is
171	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.	349	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.
172		350
		351	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key
		352	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a
		353	new TLS context object.
		354
		355	=item on_starttls => $cb->($handle, $success[, $error_message])
		356
		357	This callback will be invoked when the TLS/SSL handshake has finished. If
		358	C<$success> is true, then the TLS handshake succeeded, otherwise it failed
		359	(C<on_stoptls> will not be called in this case).
		360
		361	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		362	callback, even when the handshake was not successful.
		363
		364	TLS handshake failures will not cause C<on_error> to be invoked when this
		365	callback is in effect, instead, the error message will be passed to C<on_starttls>.
		366
		367	Without this callback, handshake failures lead to C<on_error> being
		368	called, as normal.
		369
		370	Note that you cannot call C<starttls> right again in this callback. If you
		371	need to do that, start an zero-second timer instead whose callback can
		372	then call C<< ->starttls >> again.
		373
		374	=item on_stoptls => $cb->($handle)
		375
		376	When a SSLv3/TLS shutdown/close notify/EOF is detected and this callback is
		377	set, then it will be invoked after freeing the TLS session. If it is not,
		378	then a TLS shutdown condition will be treated like a normal EOF condition
		379	on the handle.
		380
		381	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		382	callback.
		383
		384	This callback will only be called on TLS shutdowns, not when the
		385	underlying handle signals EOF.
		386
173	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object	387	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object
174		388
175	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.	389	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.
176		390
177	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a	391	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a
178	suitable one, which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON texts.	392	suitable one (on demand), which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON
		393	texts.
179		394
180	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to	395	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to
181	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.	396	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.
182		397
183	=item filter_r => $cb
184
185	=item filter_w => $cb
186
187	These exist, but are undocumented at this time.
188
189	=back	398	=back
190		399
191	=cut	400	=cut
192		401
193	sub new {	402	sub new {
194	my $class = shift;	403	my $class = shift;
195
196	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;	404	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;
197		405
198	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";	406	if ($self->{fh}) {
		407	$self->_start;
		408	return unless $self->{fh}; # could be gone by now
		409
		410	} elsif ($self->{connect}) {
		411	require AnyEvent::Socket;
		412
		413	$self->{peername} = $self->{connect}[0]
		414	unless exists $self->{peername};
		415
		416	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		417
		418	{
		419	Scalar::Util::weaken (my $self = $self);
		420
		421	$self->{_connect} =
		422	AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect (
		423	$self->{connect}[0],
		424	$self->{connect}[1],
		425	sub {
		426	my ($fh, $host, $port, $retry) = @_;
		427
		428	if ($fh) {
		429	$self->{fh} = $fh;
		430
		431	delete $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		432	$self->_start;
		433
		434	$self->{on_connect}
		435	and $self->{on_connect}($self, $host, $port, sub {
		436	delete @$self{qw(fh _tw _ww _rw _eof _queue rbuf _wbuf tls _tls_rbuf _tls_wbuf)};
		437	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		438	&$retry;
		439	});
		440
		441	} else {
		442	if ($self->{on_connect_error}) {
		443	$self->{on_connect_error}($self, "$!");
		444	$self->destroy;
		445	} else {
		446	$self->fatal ($!, 1);
		447	}
		448	}
		449	},
		450	sub {
		451	local $self->{fh} = $_[0];
		452
		453	$self->{on_prepare}->($self)
		454	if $self->{on_prepare};
		455	}
		456	);
		457	}
		458
		459	} else {
		460	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle: either an existing fh or the connect parameter must be specified";
		461	}
		462
		463	$self
		464	}
		465
		466	sub _start {
		467	my ($self) = @_;
199		468
200	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;	469	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;
201		470
202	if ($self->{tls}) {	471	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
203	require Net::SSLeay;	472	$self->_timeout;
		473
		474	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay}) if exists $self->{no_delay};
		475
204	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx});	476	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})
205	}	477	if $self->{tls};
206		478
207	$self->on_eof (delete $self->{on_eof} ) if $self->{on_eof};
208	$self->on_error (delete $self->{on_error}) if $self->{on_error};
209	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};	479	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};
210	$self->on_read (delete $self->{on_read} ) if $self->{on_read};
211		480
212	$self->start_read;	481	$self->start_read
213		482	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
214	$self
215	}	483	}
216		484
217	sub _shutdown {	485	#sub _shutdown {
218	my ($self) = @_;	486	# my ($self) = @_;
		487	#
		488	# delete @$self{qw(_tw _rw _ww fh wbuf on_read _queue)};
		489	# $self->{_eof} = 1; # tell starttls et. al to stop trying
		490	#
		491	# &_freetls;
		492	#}
219		493
220	delete $self->{_rw};
221	delete $self->{_ww};
222	delete $self->{fh};
223	}
224
225	sub error {	494	sub _error {
226	my ($self) = @_;	495	my ($self, $errno, $fatal, $message) = @_;
227		496
228	{	497	$! = $errno;
229	local $!;	498	$message ||= "$!";
230	$self->_shutdown;
231	}
232		499
233	$self->{on_error}($self)
234	if $self->{on_error};	500	if ($self->{on_error}) {
235		501	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal, $message);
		502	$self->destroy if $fatal;
		503	} elsif ($self->{fh}) {
		504	$self->destroy;
236	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught fatal error: $!";	505	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $message";
		506	}
237	}	507	}
238		508
239	=item $fh = $handle->fh	509	=item $fh = $handle->fh
240		510
241	This method returns the file handle of the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.	511	This method returns the file handle used to create the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.
242		512
243	=cut	513	=cut
244		514
245	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }	515	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }
246		516
…		…
262		532
263	sub on_eof {	533	sub on_eof {
264	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];	534	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];
265	}	535	}
266		536
		537	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)
		538
		539	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback (but
		540	not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor
		541	argument and method.
		542
		543	=cut
		544
		545	sub on_timeout {
		546	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];
		547	}
		548
		549	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)
		550
		551	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>
		552	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.
		553
		554	=cut
		555
		556	sub autocork {
		557	$_[0]{autocork} = $_[1];
		558	}
		559
		560	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)
		561
		562	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of
		563	the same name for details).
		564
		565	=cut
		566
		567	sub no_delay {
		568	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];
		569
		570	eval {
		571	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		572	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, &Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, &Socket::TCP_NODELAY, int $_[1]
		573	if $_[0]{fh};
		574	};
		575	}
		576
		577	=item $handle->on_starttls ($cb)
		578
		579	Replace the current C<on_starttls> callback (see the C<on_starttls> constructor argument).
		580
		581	=cut
		582
		583	sub on_starttls {
		584	$_[0]{on_starttls} = $_[1];
		585	}
		586
		587	=item $handle->on_stoptls ($cb)
		588
		589	Replace the current C<on_stoptls> callback (see the C<on_stoptls> constructor argument).
		590
		591	=cut
		592
		593	sub on_starttls {
		594	$_[0]{on_stoptls} = $_[1];
		595	}
		596
		597	#############################################################################
		598
		599	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)
		600
		601	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.
		602
		603	=cut
		604
		605	sub timeout {
		606	my ($self, $timeout) = @_;
		607
		608	$self->{timeout} = $timeout;
		609	$self->_timeout;
		610	}
		611
		612	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary
		613	# also check for time-outs
		614	sub _timeout {
		615	my ($self) = @_;
		616
		617	if ($self->{timeout} && $self->{fh}) {
		618	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;
		619
		620	# when would the timeout trigger?
		621	my $after = $self->{_activity} + $self->{timeout} - $NOW;
		622
		623	# now or in the past already?
		624	if ($after <= 0) {
		625	$self->{_activity} = $NOW;
		626
		627	if ($self->{on_timeout}) {
		628	$self->{on_timeout}($self);
		629	} else {
		630	$self->_error (Errno::ETIMEDOUT);
		631	}
		632
		633	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise
		634	return unless $self->{timeout};
		635
		636	# calculate new after
		637	$after = $self->{timeout};
		638	}
		639
		640	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
		641	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
		642
		643	$self->{_tw} ||= AnyEvent->timer (after => $after, cb => sub {
		644	delete $self->{_tw};
		645	$self->_timeout;
		646	});
		647	} else {
		648	delete $self->{_tw};
		649	}
		650	}
		651
267	#############################################################################	652	#############################################################################
268		653
269	=back	654	=back
270		655
271	=head2 WRITE QUEUE	656	=head2 WRITE QUEUE
…		…
292	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	677	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
293		678
294	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;	679	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;
295		680
296	$cb->($self)	681	$cb->($self)
297	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf};	682	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf});
298	}	683	}
299		684
300	=item $handle->push_write ($data)	685	=item $handle->push_write ($data)
301		686
302	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you	687	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you
…		…
313	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	698	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
314		699
315	my $cb = sub {	700	my $cb = sub {
316	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};	701	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};
317		702
318	if ($len >= 0) {	703	if (defined $len) {
319	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	704	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";
320		705
		706	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
		707
321	$self->{on_drain}($self)	708	$self->{on_drain}($self)
322	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf}	709	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})
323	&& $self->{on_drain};	710	&& $self->{on_drain};
324		711
325	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};	712	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};
326	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	713	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
327	$self->error;	714	$self->_error ($!, 1);
328	}	715	}
329	};	716	};
330		717
331	# try to write data immediately	718	# try to write data immediately
332	$cb->();	719	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};
333		720
334	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll	721	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll
335	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)	722	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)
336	if length $self->{wbuf};	723	if length $self->{wbuf};
337	};	724	};
…		…
351		738
352	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")	739	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")
353	->($self, @_);	740	->($self, @_);
354	}	741	}
355		742
356	if ($self->{filter_w}) {	743	if ($self->{tls}) {
357	$self->{filter_w}->($self, \$_[0]);	744	$self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];
		745
		746	&_dotls ($self);
358	} else {	747	} else {
359	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];	748	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];
360	$self->_drain_wbuf;	749	$self->_drain_wbuf if $self->{fh};
361	}	750	}
362	}	751	}
363		752
364	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)	753	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)
365
366	=item $handle->unshift_write (type => @args)
367		754
368	Instead of formatting your data yourself, you can also let this module do	755	Instead of formatting your data yourself, you can also let this module do
369	the job by specifying a type and type-specific arguments.	756	the job by specifying a type and type-specific arguments.
370		757
371	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to	758	Predefined types are (if you have ideas for additional types, feel free to
…		…
376	=item netstring => $string	763	=item netstring => $string
377		764
378	Formats the given value as netstring	765	Formats the given value as netstring
379	(http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not a recommendation to use them).	766	(http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not a recommendation to use them).
380		767
381	=back
382
383	=cut	768	=cut
384		769
385	register_write_type netstring => sub {	770	register_write_type netstring => sub {
386	my ($self, $string) = @_;	771	my ($self, $string) = @_;
387		772
388	sprintf "%d:%s,", (length $string), $string	773	(length $string) . ":$string,"
		774	};
		775
		776	=item packstring => $format, $data
		777
		778	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
		779	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
		780	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
		781	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
		782
		783	=cut
		784
		785	register_write_type packstring => sub {
		786	my ($self, $format, $string) = @_;
		787
		788	pack "$format/a*", $string
389	};	789	};
390		790
391	=item json => $array_or_hashref	791	=item json => $array_or_hashref
392		792
393	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you	793	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you
…		…
427		827
428	$self->{json} ? $self->{json}->encode ($ref)	828	$self->{json} ? $self->{json}->encode ($ref)
429	: JSON::encode_json ($ref)	829	: JSON::encode_json ($ref)
430	};	830	};
431		831
		832	=item storable => $reference
		833
		834	Freezes the given reference using L<Storable> and writes it to the
		835	handle. Uses the C<nfreeze> format.
		836
		837	=cut
		838
		839	register_write_type storable => sub {
		840	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
		841
		842	require Storable;
		843
		844	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
		845	};
		846
		847	=back
		848
		849	=item $handle->push_shutdown
		850
		851	Sometimes you know you want to close the socket after writing your data
		852	before it was actually written. One way to do that is to replace your
		853	C<on_drain> handler by a callback that shuts down the socket (and set
		854	C<low_water_mark> to C<0>). This method is a shorthand for just that, and
		855	replaces the C<on_drain> callback with:
		856
		857	sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 } # for push_shutdown
		858
		859	This simply shuts down the write side and signals an EOF condition to the
		860	the peer.
		861
		862	You can rely on the normal read queue and C<on_eof> handling
		863	afterwards. This is the cleanest way to close a connection.
		864
		865	=cut
		866
		867	sub push_shutdown {
		868	my ($self) = @_;
		869
		870	delete $self->{low_water_mark};
		871	$self->on_drain (sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 });
		872	}
		873
432	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)	874	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)
433		875
434	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.	876	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.
435	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code	877	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code
436	reference with the handle object and the remaining arguments.	878	reference with the handle object and the remaining arguments.
…		…
456	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using	898	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using
457	a queue.	899	a queue.
458		900
459	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever	901	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever
460	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if	902	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if
461	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>) if you want	903	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>). Or you cna
462	or not.	904	leave the data there if you want to accumulate more (e.g. when only a
		905	partial message has been received so far).
463		906
464	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this	907	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this
465	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new	908	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new
466	data arrives and removes it when it has done its job (see C<push_read>,	909	data arrives (also the first time it is queued) and removes it when it has
467	below).	910	done its job (see C<push_read>, below).
468		911
469	This way you can, for example, push three line-reads, followed by reading	912	This way you can, for example, push three line-reads, followed by reading
470	a chunk of data, and AnyEvent::Handle will execute them in order.	913	a chunk of data, and AnyEvent::Handle will execute them in order.
471		914
472	Example 1: EPP protocol parser. EPP sends 4 byte length info, followed by	915	Example 1: EPP protocol parser. EPP sends 4 byte length info, followed by
473	the specified number of bytes which give an XML datagram.	916	the specified number of bytes which give an XML datagram.
474		917
475	# in the default state, expect some header bytes	918	# in the default state, expect some header bytes
476	$handle->on_read (sub {	919	$handle->on_read (sub {
477	# some data is here, now queue the length-header-read (4 octets)	920	# some data is here, now queue the length-header-read (4 octets)
478	shift->unshift_read_chunk (4, sub {	921	shift->unshift_read (chunk => 4, sub {
479	# header arrived, decode	922	# header arrived, decode
480	my $len = unpack "N", $_[1];	923	my $len = unpack "N", $_[1];
481		924
482	# now read the payload	925	# now read the payload
483	shift->unshift_read_chunk ($len, sub {	926	shift->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
484	my $xml = $_[1];	927	my $xml = $_[1];
485	# handle xml	928	# handle xml
486	});	929	});
487	});	930	});
488	});	931	});
489		932
490	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with	933	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with "OK"
491	"OK" and another line or "ERROR" for one request, and 64 bytes for the	934	and another line or "ERROR" for the first request that is sent, and 64
492	second request. Due tot he availability of a full queue, we can just	935	bytes for the second request. Due to the availability of a queue, we can
493	pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary in	936	just pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary
494	the callbacks:	937	in the callbacks.
495		938
496	# request one	939	When the first callback is called and sees an "OK" response, it will
		940	C<unshift> another line-read. This line-read will be queued I<before> the
		941	64-byte chunk callback.
		942
		943	# request one, returns either "OK + extra line" or "ERROR"
497	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");	944	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");
498		945
499	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read	946	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read
500	$handle->push_read_line (sub {	947	$handle->push_read (line => sub {
501	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,	948	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,
502	# so it will be read before the second request reads its 64 bytes	949	# so it will be read before the second request reads its 64 bytes
503	# which are already in the queue when this callback is called	950	# which are already in the queue when this callback is called
504	# we don't do this in case we got an error	951	# we don't do this in case we got an error
505	if ($_[1] eq "OK") {	952	if ($_[1] eq "OK") {
506	$_[0]->unshift_read_line (sub {	953	$_[0]->unshift_read (line => sub {
507	my $response = $_[1];	954	my $response = $_[1];
508	...	955	...
509	});	956	});
510	}	957	}
511	});	958	});
512		959
513	# request two	960	# request two, simply returns 64 octets
514	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");	961	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");
515		962
516	# simply read 64 bytes, always	963	# simply read 64 bytes, always
517	$handle->push_read_chunk (64, sub {	964	$handle->push_read (chunk => 64, sub {
518	my $response = $_[1];	965	my $response = $_[1];
519	...	966	...
520	});	967	});
521		968
522	=over 4	969	=over 4
523		970
524	=cut	971	=cut
525		972
526	sub _drain_rbuf {	973	sub _drain_rbuf {
527	my ($self) = @_;	974	my ($self) = @_;
		975
		976	# avoid recursion
		977	return if exists $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		978	local $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
528		979
529	if (	980	if (
530	defined $self->{rbuf_max}	981	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
531	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}	982	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
532	) {	983	) {
533	$! = &Errno::ENOSPC;	984	$self->_error (Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
534	$self->error;
535	}	985	}
536		986
537	return if $self->{in_drain};	987	while () {
538	local $self->{in_drain} = 1;	988	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while
		989	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.
		990	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf} if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};
539		991
540	while (my $len = length $self->{rbuf}) {	992	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};
541	no strict 'refs';	993
542	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {	994	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
543	unless ($cb->($self)) {	995	unless ($cb->($self)) {
544	if ($self->{_eof}) {	996	if ($self->{_eof}) {
545	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)	997	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
546	$! = &Errno::EPIPE;	998	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return;
547	$self->error;
548	}	999	}
549		1000
550	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1001	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
551	return;	1002	last;
552	}	1003	}
553	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {	1004	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {
		1005	last unless $len;
		1006
554	$self->{on_read}($self);	1007	$self->{on_read}($self);
555		1008
556	if (	1009	if (
557	$self->{_eof} # if no further data will arrive
558	&& $len == length $self->{rbuf} # and no data has been consumed	1010	$len == length $self->{rbuf} # if no data has been consumed
559	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty	1011	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
560	&& $self->{on_read} # and we still want to read data	1012	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read
561	) {	1013	) {
		1014	# no further data will arrive
562	# then no progress can be made	1015	# so no progress can be made
563	$! = &Errno::EPIPE;	1016	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
564	$self->error;	1017	if $self->{_eof};
		1018
		1019	last; # more data might arrive
565	}	1020	}
566	} else {	1021	} else {
567	# read side becomes idle	1022	# read side becomes idle
568	delete $self->{_rw};	1023	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
569	return;	1024	last;
570	}	1025	}
571	}	1026	}
572		1027
573	if ($self->{_eof}) {	1028	if ($self->{_eof}) {
574	$self->_shutdown;	1029	if ($self->{on_eof}) {
575	$self->{on_eof}($self)	1030	$self->{on_eof}($self)
576	if $self->{on_eof};	1031	} else {
		1032	$self->_error (0, 1, "Unexpected end-of-file");
		1033	}
		1034	}
		1035
		1036	# may need to restart read watcher
		1037	unless ($self->{_rw}) {
		1038	$self->start_read
		1039	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
577	}	1040	}
578	}	1041	}
579		1042
580	=item $handle->on_read ($cb)	1043	=item $handle->on_read ($cb)
581		1044
…		…
587		1050
588	sub on_read {	1051	sub on_read {
589	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1052	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
590		1053
591	$self->{on_read} = $cb;	1054	$self->{on_read} = $cb;
		1055	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb;
592	}	1056	}
593		1057
594	=item $handle->rbuf	1058	=item $handle->rbuf
595		1059
596	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).	1060	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).
597		1061
598	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >> member, if	1062	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >>
599	you want.	1063	member, if you want. However, the only operation allowed on the
		1064	read buffer (apart from looking at it) is removing data from its
		1065	beginning. Otherwise modifying or appending to it is not allowed and will
		1066	lead to hard-to-track-down bugs.
600		1067
601	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,	1068	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,
602	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods	1069	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods
603	automatically manage the read buffer.	1070	automatically manage the read buffer.
604		1071
…		…
701	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");	1168	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");
702	1	1169	1
703	}	1170	}
704	};	1171	};
705		1172
706	# compatibility with older API
707	sub push_read_chunk {
708	$_[0]->push_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
709	}
710
711	sub unshift_read_chunk {
712	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
713	}
714
715	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)	1173	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)
716		1174
717	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of	1175	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of
718	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line	1176	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line
719	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and	1177	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and
…		…
734	=cut	1192	=cut
735		1193
736	register_read_type line => sub {	1194	register_read_type line => sub {
737	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;	1195	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;
738		1196
739	$eol = qr|(\015?\012)| if @_ < 3;	1197	if (@_ < 3) {
740	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;	1198	# this is more than twice as fast as the generic code below
741	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
742
743	sub {	1199	sub {
744	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;	1200	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^([^\015\012]*)(\015?\012)// or return;
745		1201
746	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);	1202	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
747	1
748	}
749	};
750
751	# compatibility with older API
752	sub push_read_line {
753	my $self = shift;
754	$self->push_read (line => @_);
755	}
756
757	sub unshift_read_line {
758	my $self = shift;
759	$self->unshift_read (line => @_);
760	}
761
762	=item netstring => $cb->($handle, $string)
763
764	A netstring (http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not an endorsement).
765
766	Throws an error with C<$!> set to EBADMSG on format violations.
767
768	=cut
769
770	register_read_type netstring => sub {
771	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
772
773	sub {
774	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
775	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
776	$! = &Errno::EBADMSG;
777	$self->error;
778	}	1203	1
779	return;
780	}	1204	}
		1205	} else {
		1206	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;
		1207	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
781		1208
782	my $len = $1;	1209	sub {
		1210	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;
783		1211
784	$self->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {	1212	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
785	my $string = $_[1];
786	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
787	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
788	$cb->($_[0], $string);
789	} else {
790	$! = &Errno::EBADMSG;
791	$self->error;
792	}
793	});	1213	1
794	});	1214	}
795
796	1
797	}	1215	}
798	};	1216	};
799		1217
800	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)	1218	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)
801		1219
…		…
853	return 1;	1271	return 1;
854	}	1272	}
855		1273
856	# reject	1274	# reject
857	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {	1275	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {
858	$! = &Errno::EBADMSG;	1276	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
859	$self->error;
860	}	1277	}
861		1278
862	# skip	1279	# skip
863	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {	1280	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {
864	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";	1281	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";
…		…
866		1283
867	()	1284	()
868	}	1285	}
869	};	1286	};
870		1287
		1288	=item netstring => $cb->($handle, $string)
		1289
		1290	A netstring (http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not an endorsement).
		1291
		1292	Throws an error with C<$!> set to EBADMSG on format violations.
		1293
		1294	=cut
		1295
		1296	register_read_type netstring => sub {
		1297	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1298
		1299	sub {
		1300	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
		1301	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
		1302	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1303	}
		1304	return;
		1305	}
		1306
		1307	my $len = $1;
		1308
		1309	$self->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
		1310	my $string = $_[1];
		1311	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
		1312	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
		1313	$cb->($_[0], $string);
		1314	} else {
		1315	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1316	}
		1317	});
		1318	});
		1319
		1320	1
		1321	}
		1322	};
		1323
		1324	=item packstring => $format, $cb->($handle, $string)
		1325
		1326	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
		1327	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
		1328	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
		1329	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
		1330
		1331	For example, DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n> (2 octet network order),
		1332	EPP uses a prefix of C<N> (4 octtes).
		1333
		1334	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded
		1335	format (very efficient).
		1336
		1337	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {
		1338	my ($handle, $data) = @_;
		1339	});
		1340
		1341	=cut
		1342
		1343	register_read_type packstring => sub {
		1344	my ($self, $cb, $format) = @_;
		1345
		1346	sub {
		1347	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
		1348	defined (my $len = eval { unpack $format, $_[0]{rbuf} })
		1349	or return;
		1350
		1351	$format = length pack $format, $len;
		1352
		1353	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1354	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1355	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1356	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1357	$cb->($_[0], $data);
		1358	} else {
		1359	# remove prefix
		1360	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
		1361
		1362	# read remaining chunk
		1363	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, $cb);
		1364	}
		1365
		1366	1
		1367	}
		1368	};
		1369
871	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)	1370	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)
872		1371
873	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the callback.	1372	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the
		1373	callback. When a parse error occurs, an C<EBADMSG> error will be raised.
874		1374
875	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used	1375	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used
876	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.	1376	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.
877		1377
878	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version	1378	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version
…		…
885	the C<json> write type description, above, for an actual example.	1385	the C<json> write type description, above, for an actual example.
886		1386
887	=cut	1387	=cut
888		1388
889	register_read_type json => sub {	1389	register_read_type json => sub {
890	my ($self, $cb, $accept, $reject, $skip) = @_;	1390	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
891		1391
892	require JSON;	1392	my $json = $self->{json} ||=
		1393	eval { require JSON::XS; JSON::XS->new->utf8 }
		1394	|| do { require JSON; JSON->new->utf8 };
893		1395
894	my $data;	1396	my $data;
895	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};	1397	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};
896		1398
897	my $json = $self->{json} ||= JSON->new->utf8;
898
899	sub {	1399	sub {
900	my $ref = $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf});	1400	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };
901		1401
902	if ($ref) {	1402	if ($ref) {
903	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;	1403	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
904	$json->incr_text = "";	1404	$json->incr_text = "";
905	$cb->($self, $ref);	1405	$cb->($self, $ref);
906		1406
907	1	1407	1
		1408	} elsif ($@) {
		1409	# error case
		1410	$json->incr_skip;
		1411
		1412	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
		1413	$json->incr_text = "";
		1414
		1415	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1416
		1417	()
908	} else {	1418	} else {
909	$self->{rbuf} = "";	1419	$self->{rbuf} = "";
		1420
910	()	1421	()
911	}	1422	}
		1423	}
		1424	};
		1425
		1426	=item storable => $cb->($handle, $ref)
		1427
		1428	Deserialises a L<Storable> frozen representation as written by the
		1429	C<storable> write type (BER-encoded length prefix followed by nfreeze'd
		1430	data).
		1431
		1432	Raises C<EBADMSG> error if the data could not be decoded.
		1433
		1434	=cut
		1435
		1436	register_read_type storable => sub {
		1437	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1438
		1439	require Storable;
		1440
		1441	sub {
		1442	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
		1443	defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]{rbuf} })
		1444	or return;
		1445
		1446	my $format = length pack "w", $len;
		1447
		1448	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1449	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1450	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1451	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1452	$cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($data));
		1453	} else {
		1454	# remove prefix
		1455	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
		1456
		1457	# read remaining chunk
		1458	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
		1459	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {
		1460	$cb->($_[0], $ref);
		1461	} else {
		1462	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1463	}
		1464	});
		1465	}
		1466
		1467	1
912	}	1468	}
913	};	1469	};
914		1470
915	=back	1471	=back
916		1472
…		…
937	=item $handle->stop_read	1493	=item $handle->stop_read
938		1494
939	=item $handle->start_read	1495	=item $handle->start_read
940		1496
941	In rare cases you actually do not want to read anything from the	1497	In rare cases you actually do not want to read anything from the
942	socket. In this case you can call C<stop_read>. Neither C<on_read> no	1498	socket. In this case you can call C<stop_read>. Neither C<on_read> nor
943	any queued callbacks will be executed then. To start reading again, call	1499	any queued callbacks will be executed then. To start reading again, call
944	C<start_read>.	1500	C<start_read>.
945		1501
		1502	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when
		1503	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it
		1504	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor
		1505	there are any read requests in the queue.
		1506
		1507	These methods will have no effect when in TLS mode (as TLS doesn't support
		1508	half-duplex connections).
		1509
946	=cut	1510	=cut
947		1511
948	sub stop_read {	1512	sub stop_read {
949	my ($self) = @_;	1513	my ($self) = @_;
950		1514
951	delete $self->{_rw};	1515	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
952	}	1516	}
953		1517
954	sub start_read {	1518	sub start_read {
955	my ($self) = @_;	1519	my ($self) = @_;
956		1520
957	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {	1521	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {
958	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	1522	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
959		1523
960	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {	1524	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {
961	my $rbuf = $self->{filter_r} ? \my $buf : \$self->{rbuf};	1525	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});
962	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;	1526	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;
963		1527
964	if ($len > 0) {	1528	if ($len > 0) {
965	$self->{filter_r}	1529	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
966	? $self->{filter_r}->($self, $rbuf)	1530
		1531	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1532	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);
		1533
		1534	&_dotls ($self);
		1535	} else {
967	: $self->_drain_rbuf;	1536	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1537	}
968		1538
969	} elsif (defined $len) {	1539	} elsif (defined $len) {
970	delete $self->{_rw};	1540	delete $self->{_rw};
971	$self->{_eof} = 1;	1541	$self->{_eof} = 1;
972	$self->_drain_rbuf;	1542	$self->_drain_rbuf;
973		1543
974	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	1544	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
975	return $self->error;	1545	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
976	}	1546	}
977	});	1547	});
978	}	1548	}
979	}	1549	}
980		1550
		1551	our $ERROR_SYSCALL;
		1552	our $ERROR_WANT_READ;
		1553
		1554	sub _tls_error {
		1555	my ($self, $err) = @_;
		1556
		1557	return $self->_error ($!, 1)
		1558	if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1559
		1560	my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
		1561
		1562	# reduce error string to look less scary
		1563	$err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
		1564
		1565	if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
		1566	(delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, $err);
		1567	&_freetls;
		1568	} else {
		1569	&_freetls;
		1570	$self->_error (Errno::EPROTO, 1, $err);
		1571	}
		1572	}
		1573
		1574	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable
		1575	# also decode read data if possible
		1576	# this is basiclaly our TLS state machine
		1577	# more efficient implementations are possible with openssl,
		1578	# but not with the buggy and incomplete Net::SSLeay.
981	sub _dotls {	1579	sub _dotls {
982	my ($self) = @_;	1580	my ($self) = @_;
983		1581
		1582	my $tmp;
		1583
984	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {	1584	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {
985	while ((my $len = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {	1585	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {
986	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	1586	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";
987	}	1587	}
988	}
989		1588
		1589	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, $tmp);
		1590	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1591	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1592	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1593	}
		1594
		1595	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {
		1596	unless (length $tmp) {
		1597	$self->{_on_starttls}
		1598	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, "EOF during handshake"); # ???
		1599	&_freetls;
		1600
		1601	if ($self->{on_stoptls}) {
		1602	$self->{on_stoptls}($self);
		1603	return;
		1604	} else {
		1605	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
		1606	delete $self->{_rw};
		1607	$self->{_eof} = 1;
		1608	}
		1609	}
		1610
		1611	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;
		1612	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1613	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
		1614	}
		1615
		1616	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
		1617	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1618	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1619	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1620
990	if (defined (my $buf = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {	1621	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {
991	$self->{wbuf} .= $buf;	1622	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;
992	$self->_drain_wbuf;	1623	$self->_drain_wbuf;
993	}	1624	}
994		1625
995	while (defined (my $buf = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {	1626	$self->{_on_starttls}
996	$self->{rbuf} .= $buf;	1627	and Net::SSLeay::state ($self->{tls}) == Net::SSLeay::ST_OK ()
997	$self->_drain_rbuf;	1628	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, 1, "TLS/SSL connection established");
998	}
999
1000	my $err = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
1001
1002	if ($err!= Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ()) {
1003	if ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ()) {
1004	$self->error;
1005	} elsif ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SSL ()) {
1006	$! = &Errno::EIO;
1007	$self->error;
1008	}
1009
1010	# all others are fine for our purposes
1011	}
1012	}	1629	}
1013		1630
1014	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])	1631	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
1015		1632
1016	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle	1633	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
1017	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling	1634	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling
1018	C<starttls>.	1635	C<starttls>.
1019		1636
		1637	Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some
		1638	write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start
		1639	immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent.
		1640
1020	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either	1641	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
1021	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).	1642	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
1022		1643
1023	The second argument is the optional C<Net::SSLeay::CTX> object that is	1644	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
1024	used when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object.	1645	when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object, or
		1646	a hash reference with C<< key => value >> pairs that will be used to
		1647	construct a new context.
1025		1648
1026	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >> after this	1649	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS
1027	call and can be used or changed to your liking. Note that the handshake	1650	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or
1028	might have already started when this function returns.	1651	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started
		1652	when this function returns.
1029		1653
1030	=cut	1654	If it an error to start a TLS handshake more than once per
		1655	AnyEvent::Handle object (this is due to bugs in OpenSSL).
1031		1656
1032	# TODO: maybe document...	1657	=cut
		1658
		1659	our %TLS_CACHE; #TODO not yet documented, should we?
		1660
1033	sub starttls {	1661	sub starttls {
1034	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;	1662	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;
1035		1663
1036	$self->stoptls;	1664	require Net::SSLeay;
1037		1665
1038	if ($ssl eq "accept") {	1666	Carp::croak "it is an error to call starttls more than once on an AnyEvent::Handle object"
1039	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1667	if $self->{tls};
1040	Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state ($ssl);	1668
1041	} elsif ($ssl eq "connect") {	1669	$ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
1042	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1670	$ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
1043	Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state ($ssl);	1671
		1672	$ctx ||= $self->{tls_ctx};
		1673
		1674	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session
		1675
		1676	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
		1677	require AnyEvent::TLS;
		1678
		1679	if ($ctx->{cache}) {
		1680	my $key = $ctx+0;
		1681	$ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1682	} else {
		1683	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1684	}
		1685	}
1044	}	1686
1045		1687	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();
1046	$self->{tls} = $ssl;	1688	$self->{tls} = $ssl = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($ssl, $self, $self->{peername});
1047		1689
1048	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)	1690	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)
1049	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".	1691	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".
1050	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned	1692	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned
1051	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).	1693	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).
1052	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html	1694	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html
		1695	#
		1696	# in short: this is a mess.
		1697	#
		1698	# note that we do not try to keep the length constant between writes as we are required to do.
		1699	# we assume that most (but not all) of this insanity only applies to non-blocking cases,
		1700	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to
		1701	# have identity issues in that area.
1053	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($self->{tls},	1702	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,
1054	(eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)	1703	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)
1055	| (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));	1704	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));
		1705	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl, 1|2);
1056		1706
1057	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1707	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1058	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1708	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1059		1709
1060	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});	1710	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});
1061		1711
1062	$self->{filter_w} = sub {	1712	$self->{_on_starttls} = sub { $_[0]{on_starttls}(@_) }
1063	$_[0]{_tls_wbuf} .= ${$_[1]};	1713	if $self->{on_starttls};
1064	&_dotls;	1714
1065	};	1715	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake
1066	$self->{filter_r} = sub {	1716	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read
1067	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($_[0]{_rbio}, ${$_[1]});
1068	&_dotls;
1069	};
1070	}	1717	}
1071		1718
1072	=item $handle->stoptls	1719	=item $handle->stoptls
1073		1720
1074	Destroys the SSL connection, if any. Partial read or write data will be	1721	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by
1075	lost.	1722	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't
		1723	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not possible to re-use the stream
		1724	afterwards.
1076		1725
1077	=cut	1726	=cut
1078		1727
1079	sub stoptls {	1728	sub stoptls {
1080	my ($self) = @_;	1729	my ($self) = @_;
1081		1730
1082	Net::SSLeay::free (delete $self->{tls}) if $self->{tls};	1731	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1732	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});
1083		1733
1084	delete $self->{_rbio};	1734	&_dotls;
1085	delete $self->{_wbio};	1735
1086	delete $self->{_tls_wbuf};	1736	# # we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...#d#
1087	delete $self->{filter_r};	1737	# # we, we... have to use openssl :/#d#
1088	delete $self->{filter_w};	1738	# &_freetls;#d#
		1739	}
		1740	}
		1741
		1742	sub _freetls {
		1743	my ($self) = @_;
		1744
		1745	return unless $self->{tls};
		1746
		1747	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls});
		1748
		1749	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf _on_starttls)};
1089	}	1750	}
1090		1751
1091	sub DESTROY {	1752	sub DESTROY {
1092	my $self = shift;	1753	my ($self) = @_;
1093		1754
1094	$self->stoptls;	1755	&_freetls;
		1756
		1757	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;
		1758
		1759	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf} && $self->{fh}) {
		1760	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};
		1761	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};
		1762
		1763	my @linger;
		1764
		1765	push @linger, AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => "w", cb => sub {
		1766	my $len = syswrite $fh, $wbuf, length $wbuf;
		1767
		1768	if ($len > 0) {
		1769	substr $wbuf, 0, $len, "";
		1770	} else {
		1771	@linger = (); # end
		1772	}
		1773	});
		1774	push @linger, AnyEvent->timer (after => $linger, cb => sub {
		1775	@linger = ();
		1776	});
		1777	}
		1778	}
		1779
		1780	=item $handle->destroy
		1781
		1782	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that
		1783	no further callbacks will be invoked and as many resources as possible
		1784	will be freed. You must not call any methods on the object afterwards.
		1785
		1786	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle
		1787	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF
		1788	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write
		1789	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from
		1790	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in
		1791	that case.
		1792
		1793	Destroying the handle object in this way has the advantage that callbacks
		1794	will be removed as well, so if those are the only reference holders (as
		1795	is common), then one doesn't need to do anything special to break any
		1796	reference cycles.
		1797
		1798	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining
		1799	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.
		1800
		1801	=cut
		1802
		1803	sub destroy {
		1804	my ($self) = @_;
		1805
		1806	$self->DESTROY;
		1807	%$self = ();
1095	}	1808	}
1096		1809
1097	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX	1810	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX
1098		1811
1099	This function creates and returns the Net::SSLeay::CTX object used by	1812	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default
1100	default for TLS mode.	1813	for TLS mode.
1101		1814
1102	The context is created like this:	1815	The context is created by calling L<AnyEvent::TLS> without any arguments.
1103
1104	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings;
1105	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms;
1106	Net::SSLeay::randomize;
1107
1108	my $CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new;
1109
1110	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options $CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL
1111		1816
1112	=cut	1817	=cut
1113		1818
1114	our $TLS_CTX;	1819	our $TLS_CTX;
1115		1820
1116	sub TLS_CTX() {	1821	sub TLS_CTX() {
1117	$TLS_CTX || do {	1822	$TLS_CTX ||= do {
1118	require Net::SSLeay;	1823	require AnyEvent::TLS;
1119		1824
1120	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings ();	1825	new AnyEvent::TLS
1121	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms ();
1122	Net::SSLeay::randomize ();
1123
1124	$TLS_CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new ();
1125
1126	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options ($TLS_CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL ());
1127
1128	$TLS_CTX
1129	}	1826	}
1130	}	1827	}
1131		1828
1132	=back	1829	=back
		1830
		1831
		1832	=head1 NONFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		1833
		1834	=over 4
		1835
		1836	=item I C<undef> the AnyEvent::Handle reference inside my callback and
		1837	still get further invocations!
		1838
		1839	That's because AnyEvent::Handle keeps a reference to itself when handling
		1840	read or write callbacks.
		1841
		1842	It is only safe to "forget" the reference inside EOF or error callbacks,
		1843	from within all other callbacks, you need to explicitly call the C<<
		1844	->destroy >> method.
		1845
		1846	=item I get different callback invocations in TLS mode/Why can't I pause
		1847	reading?
		1848
		1849	Unlike, say, TCP, TLS connections do not consist of two independent
		1850	communication channels, one for each direction. Or put differently. The
		1851	read and write directions are not independent of each other: you cannot
		1852	write data unless you are also prepared to read, and vice versa.
		1853
		1854	This can mean than, in TLS mode, you might get C<on_error> or C<on_eof>
		1855	callback invocations when you are not expecting any read data - the reason
		1856	is that AnyEvent::Handle always reads in TLS mode.
		1857
		1858	During the connection, you have to make sure that you always have a
		1859	non-empty read-queue, or an C<on_read> watcher. At the end of the
		1860	connection (or when you no longer want to use it) you can call the
		1861	C<destroy> method.
		1862
		1863	=item How do I read data until the other side closes the connection?
		1864
		1865	If you just want to read your data into a perl scalar, the easiest way
		1866	to achieve this is by setting an C<on_read> callback that does nothing,
		1867	clearing the C<on_eof> callback and in the C<on_error> callback, the data
		1868	will be in C<$_[0]{rbuf}>:
		1869
		1870	$handle->on_read (sub { });
		1871	$handle->on_eof (undef);
		1872	$handle->on_error (sub {
		1873	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};
		1874	});
		1875
		1876	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies
		1877	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in
		1878	fact, all data has been received.
		1879
		1880	It is usually better to use acknowledgements when transferring data,
		1881	to make sure the other side hasn't just died and you got the data
		1882	intact. This is also one reason why so many internet protocols have an
		1883	explicit QUIT command.
		1884
		1885	=item I don't want to destroy the handle too early - how do I wait until
		1886	all data has been written?
		1887
		1888	After writing your last bits of data, set the C<on_drain> callback
		1889	and destroy the handle in there - with the default setting of
		1890	C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been
		1891	written to the socket:
		1892
		1893	$handle->push_write (...);
		1894	$handle->on_drain (sub {
		1895	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";
		1896	undef $handle;
		1897	});
		1898
		1899	If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
		1900	consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
		1901
		1902	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I don't care about security.
		1903
		1904	If your TLS server is a pure TLS server (e.g. HTTPS) that only speaks TLS,
		1905	simply connect to it and then create the AnyEvent::Handle with the C<tls>
		1906	parameter:
		1907
		1908	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		1909	my ($fh) = @_;
		1910
		1911	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1912	fh => $fh,
		1913	tls => "connect",
		1914	on_error => sub { ... };
		1915
		1916	$handle->push_write (...);
		1917	};
		1918
		1919	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I do care about security.
		1920
		1921	Then you should additionally enable certificate verification, including
		1922	peername verification, if the protocol you use supports it (see
		1923	L<AnyEvent::TLS>, C<verify_peername>).
		1924
		1925	E.g. for HTTPS:
		1926
		1927	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		1928	my ($fh) = @_;
		1929
		1930	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1931	fh => $fh,
		1932	peername => $host,
		1933	tls => "connect",
		1934	tls_ctx => { verify => 1, verify_peername => "https" },
		1935	...
		1936
		1937	Note that you must specify the hostname you connected to (or whatever
		1938	"peername" the protocol needs) as the C<peername> argument, otherwise no
		1939	peername verification will be done.
		1940
		1941	The above will use the system-dependent default set of trusted CA
		1942	certificates. If you want to check against a specific CA, add the
		1943	C<ca_file> (or C<ca_cert>) arguments to C<tls_ctx>:
		1944
		1945	tls_ctx => {
		1946	verify => 1,
		1947	verify_peername => "https",
		1948	ca_file => "my-ca-cert.pem",
		1949	},
		1950
		1951	=item I want to create a TLS/SSL server, how do I do that?
		1952
		1953	Well, you first need to get a server certificate and key. You have
		1954	three options: a) ask a CA (buy one, use cacert.org etc.) b) create a
		1955	self-signed certificate (cheap. check the search engine of your choice,
		1956	there are many tutorials on the net) or c) make your own CA (tinyca2 is a
		1957	nice program for that purpose).
		1958
		1959	Then create a file with your private key (in PEM format, see
		1960	L<AnyEvent::TLS>), followed by the certificate (also in PEM format). The
		1961	file should then look like this:
		1962
		1963	-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		1964	...header data
		1965	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		1966	-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		1967
		1968	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
		1969	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		1970	-----END CERTIFICATE-----
		1971
		1972	The important bits are the "PRIVATE KEY" and "CERTIFICATE" parts. Then
		1973	specify this file as C<cert_file>:
		1974
		1975	tcp_server undef, $port, sub {
		1976	my ($fh) = @_;
		1977
		1978	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1979	fh => $fh,
		1980	tls => "accept",
		1981	tls_ctx => { cert_file => "my-server-keycert.pem" },
		1982	...
		1983
		1984	When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
		1985	know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
		1986
		1987	=back
		1988
1133		1989
1134	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle	1990	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
1135		1991
1136	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.	1992	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.
1137		1993
…		…
1141	=over 4	1997	=over 4
1142		1998
1143	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.	1999	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.
1144		2000
1145	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it	2001	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it
1146	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changes or	2002	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changed or
1147	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).	2003	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).
1148		2004
1149	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.	2005	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.
1150		2006
1151	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed	2007	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed

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