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Revision 1.179 by root, Wed Aug 12 15:50:44 2009 UTC

1	package AnyEvent::Handle;
2
3	no warnings;
4	use strict;
5
6	use AnyEvent ();
7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
8	use Scalar::Util ();
9	use Carp ();
10	use Fcntl ();
11	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
12
13	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
14		2
15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent	3	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent
16
17	=cut
18
19	our $VERSION = 4.12;
20		4
21	=head1 SYNOPSIS	5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
22		6
23	use AnyEvent;	7	use AnyEvent;
24	use AnyEvent::Handle;	8	use AnyEvent::Handle;
25		9
26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	10	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
27		11
28	my $handle =	12	my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
29	AnyEvent::Handle->new (
30	fh => \*STDIN,	13	fh => \*STDIN,
31	on_eof => sub {	14	on_error => sub {
32	$cv->broadcast;	15	my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
33	},	16	warn "got error $msg\n";
		17	$hdl->destroy;
		18	$cv->send;
34	);	19	);
35		20
36	# send some request line	21	# send some request line
37	$handle->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");	22	$hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
38		23
39	# read the response line	24	# read the response line
40	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	25	$hdl->push_read (line => sub {
41	my ($handle, $line) = @_;	26	my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
42	warn "read line <$line>\n";	27	warn "got line <$line>\n";
43	$cv->send;	28	$cv->send;
44	});	29	});
45		30
46	$cv->recv;	31	$cv->recv;
47		32
48	=head1 DESCRIPTION	33	=head1 DESCRIPTION
49		34
50	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on	35	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on
51	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts	36	filehandles.
52	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.	37
		38	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented
		39	AnyEvent::Handle examples.
53		40
54	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this	41	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this
55	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their	42	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their
56	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.	43	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.
57		44
		45	At the very minimum, you should specify C<fh> or C<connect>, and the
		46	C<on_error> callback.
		47
58	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first	48	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first
59	argument.	49	argument.
60		50
		51	=cut
		52
		53	package AnyEvent::Handle;
		54
		55	use Scalar::Util ();
		56	use List::Util ();
		57	use Carp ();
		58	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
		59
		60	use AnyEvent (); BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
		61	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
		62
		63	our $VERSION = $AnyEvent::VERSION;
		64
61	=head1 METHODS	65	=head1 METHODS
62		66
63	=over 4	67	=over 4
64		68
65	=item B<new (%args)>	69	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::TLS fh => $filehandle, key => value...
66		70
67	The constructor supports these arguments (all as key => value pairs).	71	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).
68		72
69	=over 4	73	=over 4
70		74
71	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]	75	=item fh => $filehandle [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
72		76
73	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.	77	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.
74
75	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking (using	78	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using
76	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking).	79	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in
		80	that mode.
77		81
		82	=item connect => [$host, $service] [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
		83
		84	Try to connect to the specified host and service (port), using
		85	C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>. The C<$host> additionally becomes the
		86	default C<peername>.
		87
		88	You have to specify either this parameter, or C<fh>, above.
		89
		90	It is possible to push requests on the read and write queues, and modify
		91	properties of the stream, even while AnyEvent::Handle is connecting.
		92
		93	When this parameter is specified, then the C<on_prepare>,
		94	C<on_connect_error> and C<on_connect> callbacks will be called under the
		95	appropriate circumstances:
		96
		97	=over 4
		98
78	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)	99	=item on_prepare => $cb->($handle)
79		100
80	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detcted,	101	This (rarely used) callback is called before a new connection is
81	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the	102	attempted, but after the file handle has been created. It could be used to
82	connection cleanly.	103	prepare the file handle with parameters required for the actual connect
		104	(as opposed to settings that can be changed when the connection is already
		105	established).
83		106
84	While not mandatory, it is highly recommended to set an eof callback,	107	The return value of this callback should be the connect timeout value in
85	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still	108	seconds (or C<0>, or C<undef>, or the empty list, to indicate the default
86	waiting for data.	109	timeout is to be used).
87		110
		111	=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->())
		112
		113	This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established.
		114
		115	The actual numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as
		116	parameters, together with a retry callback.
		117
		118	When, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, then calling
		119	C<$retry> will continue with the next conenction target (in case of
		120	multi-homed hosts or SRV records there can be multiple connection
		121	endpoints). When it is called then the read and write queues, eof status,
		122	tls status and similar properties of the handle are being reset.
		123
		124	In most cases, ignoring the C<$retry> parameter is the way to go.
		125
		126	=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message)
		127
		128	This callback is called when the conenction could not be
		129	established. C<$!> will contain the relevant error code, and C<$message> a
		130	message describing it (usually the same as C<"$!">).
		131
		132	If this callback isn't specified, then C<on_error> will be called with a
		133	fatal error instead.
		134
		135	=back
		136
88	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal)	137	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal, $message)
89		138
90	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error	139	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
91	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to	140	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
92	connect or a read error.	141	connect or a read error.
93		142
94	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On	143	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
95	fatal errors the handle object will be shut down and will not be	144	fatal errors the handle object will be destroyed (by a call to C<< ->
		145	destroy >>) after invoking the error callback (which means you are free to
		146	examine the handle object). Examples of fatal errors are an EOF condition
		147	with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In
		148	cases where the other side can close the connection at their will it is
		149	often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback.
		150
		151	AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
		152	against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is
		153	recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable
		154	error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">).
		155
96	usable. Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is	156	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
97	recommended to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle	157	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
98	object when this callback is invoked.	158	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
		159	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
99		160
100	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system	161	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
101	error (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT> or C<EBADMSG>).	162	error code (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT>, C<EBADMSG> or
		163	C<EPROTO>).
102		164
103	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as	165	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
104	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls	166	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
105	C<croak>.	167	C<croak>.
106		168
107	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)	169	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)
108		170
109	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives	171	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives
110	and no read request is in the queue.	172	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
		173	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
		174	read buffer).
111		175
112	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>	176	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
113	method or access the C<$handle->{rbuf}> member directly.	177	method or access the C<< $handle->{rbuf} >> member directly. Note that you
		178	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
		179	the beginning from it.
114		180
115	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to	181	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
116	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before	182	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
117	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal	183	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
118	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).	184	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
119		185
		186	Note that, unlike requests in the read queue, an C<on_read> callback
		187	doesn't mean you I<require> some data: if there is an EOF and there
		188	are outstanding read requests then an error will be flagged. With an
		189	C<on_read> callback, the C<on_eof> callback will be invoked.
		190
		191	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)
		192
		193	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,
		194	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the
		195	connection cleanly, and there are no outstanding read requests in the
		196	queue (if there are read requests, then an EOF counts as an unexpected
		197	connection close and will be flagged as an error).
		198
		199	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,
		200	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF
		201	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut
		202	down.
		203
		204	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
		205	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
		206
120	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)	207	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)
121		208
122	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty	209	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty
123	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).	210	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).
124		211
125	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.	212	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.
126		213
		214	This callback is useful when you don't want to put all of your write data
		215	into the queue at once, for example, when you want to write the contents
		216	of some file to the socket you might not want to read the whole file into
		217	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from
		218	the file when the write queue becomes empty.
		219
127	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds	220	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds
128		221
		222	=item rtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		223
		224	=item wtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		225
129	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many	226	If non-zero, then these enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this
130	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file	227	many seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying
131	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is	228	file handle (or a call to C<timeout_reset>), the C<on_timeout> callback
132	missing, an C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).	229	will be invoked (and if that one is missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT>
		230	error will be raised).
		231
		232	There are three variants of the timeouts that work fully independent
		233	of each other, for both read and write, just read, and just write:
		234	C<timeout>, C<rtimeout> and C<wtimeout>, with corresponding callbacks
		235	C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> and C<on_wtimeout>, and reset functions
		236	C<timeout_reset>, C<rtimeout_reset>, and C<wtimeout_reset>.
133		237
134	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have	238	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have
135	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection	239	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection
136	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout	240	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout
137	in the C<on_timeout> callback.	241	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply
		242	restart the timeout.
138		243
139	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.	244	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.
140		245
141	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)	246	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)
142		247
…		…
146		251
147	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>	252	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>
148		253
149	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)	254	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)
150	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to	255	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to
151	avoid denial-of-service attacks.	256	avoid some forms of denial-of-service attacks.
152		257
153	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should	258	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should
154	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on	259	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on
155	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited	260	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited
156	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line	261	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line
157	isn't finished).	262	isn't finished).
158		263
		264	=item autocork => <boolean>
		265
		266	When disabled (the default), then C<push_write> will try to immediately
		267	write the data to the handle, if possible. This avoids having to register
		268	a write watcher and wait for the next event loop iteration, but can
		269	be inefficient if you write multiple small chunks (on the wire, this
		270	disadvantage is usually avoided by your kernel's nagle algorithm, see
		271	C<no_delay>, but this option can save costly syscalls).
		272
		273	When enabled, then writes will always be queued till the next event loop
		274	iteration. This is efficient when you do many small writes per iteration,
		275	but less efficient when you do a single write only per iteration (or when
		276	the write buffer often is full). It also increases write latency.
		277
		278	=item no_delay => <boolean>
		279
		280	When doing small writes on sockets, your operating system kernel might
		281	wait a bit for more data before actually sending it out. This is called
		282	the Nagle algorithm, and usually it is beneficial.
		283
		284	In some situations you want as low a delay as possible, which can be
		285	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.
		286
		287	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely
		288	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.
		289
159	=item read_size => <bytes>	290	=item read_size => <bytes>
160		291
161	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will try to read	292	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will
162	during each (loop iteration). Default: C<8192>.	293	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory
		294	requirements). Default: C<8192>.
163		295
164	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>	296	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>
165		297
166	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write	298	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write
167	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is	299	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is
168	considered empty.	300	considered empty.
169		301
		302	Sometimes it can be beneficial (for performance reasons) to add data to
		303	the write buffer before it is fully drained, but this is a rare case, as
		304	the operating system kernel usually buffers data as well, so the default
		305	is good in almost all cases.
		306
		307	=item linger => <seconds>
		308
		309	If non-zero (default: C<3600>), then the destructor of the
		310	AnyEvent::Handle object will check whether there is still outstanding
		311	write data and will install a watcher that will write this data to the
		312	socket. No errors will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating
		313	system treats outstanding data at socket close time).
		314
		315	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded
		316	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might
		317	help.
		318
		319	=item peername => $string
		320
		321	A string used to identify the remote site - usually the DNS hostname
		322	(I<not> IDN!) used to create the connection, rarely the IP address.
		323
		324	Apart from being useful in error messages, this string is also used in TLS
		325	peername verification (see C<verify_peername> in L<AnyEvent::TLS>). This
		326	verification will be skipped when C<peername> is not specified or
		327	C<undef>.
		328
170	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object	329	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object
171		330
172	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means it	331	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means
173	will start making tls handshake and will transparently encrypt/decrypt	332	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been
174	data.	333	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.
		334
		335	All TLS protocol errors will be signalled as C<EPROTO>, with an
		336	appropriate error message.
175		337
176	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded	338	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
177	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle).	339	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
		340	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
		341	to add the dependency yourself.
178		342
179	For the TLS server side, use C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a	343	Unlike TCP, TLS has a server and client side: for the TLS server side, use
180	connection, use C<connect> mode.	344	C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a connection, use C<connect>
		345	mode.
181		346
182	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have	347	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have
183	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>	348	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>
184	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to	349	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to
185	AnyEvent::Handle.	350	AnyEvent::Handle. Also, this module will take ownership of this connection
		351	object.
186		352
		353	At some future point, AnyEvent::Handle might switch to another TLS
		354	implementation, then the option to use your own session object will go
		355	away.
		356
		357	B<IMPORTANT:> since Net::SSLeay "objects" are really only integers,
		358	passing in the wrong integer will lead to certain crash. This most often
		359	happens when one uses a stylish C<< tls => 1 >> and is surprised about the
		360	segmentation fault.
		361
187	See the C<starttls> method if you need to start TLs negotiation later.	362	See the C<< ->starttls >> method for when need to start TLS negotiation later.
188		363
189	=item tls_ctx => $ssl_ctx	364	=item tls_ctx => $anyevent_tls
190		365
191	Use the given Net::SSLeay::CTX object to create the new TLS connection	366	Use the given C<AnyEvent::TLS> object to create the new TLS connection
192	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is	367	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is
193	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.	368	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.
194		369
		370	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key
		371	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a
		372	new TLS context object.
		373
		374	=item on_starttls => $cb->($handle, $success[, $error_message])
		375
		376	This callback will be invoked when the TLS/SSL handshake has finished. If
		377	C<$success> is true, then the TLS handshake succeeded, otherwise it failed
		378	(C<on_stoptls> will not be called in this case).
		379
		380	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		381	callback, even when the handshake was not successful.
		382
		383	TLS handshake failures will not cause C<on_error> to be invoked when this
		384	callback is in effect, instead, the error message will be passed to C<on_starttls>.
		385
		386	Without this callback, handshake failures lead to C<on_error> being
		387	called, as normal.
		388
		389	Note that you cannot call C<starttls> right again in this callback. If you
		390	need to do that, start an zero-second timer instead whose callback can
		391	then call C<< ->starttls >> again.
		392
		393	=item on_stoptls => $cb->($handle)
		394
		395	When a SSLv3/TLS shutdown/close notify/EOF is detected and this callback is
		396	set, then it will be invoked after freeing the TLS session. If it is not,
		397	then a TLS shutdown condition will be treated like a normal EOF condition
		398	on the handle.
		399
		400	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		401	callback.
		402
		403	This callback will only be called on TLS shutdowns, not when the
		404	underlying handle signals EOF.
		405
195	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object	406	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object
196		407
197	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.	408	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.
198		409
199	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a	410	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a
200	suitable one, which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON texts.	411	suitable one (on demand), which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON
		412	texts.
201		413
202	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to	414	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to
203	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.	415	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.
204		416
205	=item filter_r => $cb
206
207	=item filter_w => $cb
208
209	These exist, but are undocumented at this time.
210
211	=back	417	=back
212		418
213	=cut	419	=cut
214		420
215	sub new {	421	sub new {
216	my $class = shift;	422	my $class = shift;
217
218	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;	423	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;
219		424
220	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";	425	if ($self->{fh}) {
		426	$self->_start;
		427	return unless $self->{fh}; # could be gone by now
		428
		429	} elsif ($self->{connect}) {
		430	require AnyEvent::Socket;
		431
		432	$self->{peername} = $self->{connect}[0]
		433	unless exists $self->{peername};
		434
		435	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		436
		437	{
		438	Scalar::Util::weaken (my $self = $self);
		439
		440	$self->{_connect} =
		441	AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect (
		442	$self->{connect}[0],
		443	$self->{connect}[1],
		444	sub {
		445	my ($fh, $host, $port, $retry) = @_;
		446
		447	if ($fh) {
		448	$self->{fh} = $fh;
		449
		450	delete $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		451	$self->_start;
		452
		453	$self->{on_connect}
		454	and $self->{on_connect}($self, $host, $port, sub {
		455	delete @$self{qw(fh _tw _rtw _wtw _ww _rw _eof _queue rbuf _wbuf tls _tls_rbuf _tls_wbuf)};
		456	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		457	&$retry;
		458	});
		459
		460	} else {
		461	if ($self->{on_connect_error}) {
		462	$self->{on_connect_error}($self, "$!");
		463	$self->destroy;
		464	} else {
		465	$self->_error ($!, 1);
		466	}
		467	}
		468	},
		469	sub {
		470	local $self->{fh} = $_[0];
		471
		472	$self->{on_prepare}
		473	? $self->{on_prepare}->($self)
		474	: ()
		475	}
		476	);
		477	}
		478
		479	} else {
		480	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle: either an existing fh or the connect parameter must be specified";
		481	}
		482
		483	$self
		484	}
		485
		486	sub _start {
		487	my ($self) = @_;
221		488
222	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;	489	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;
223		490
224	if ($self->{tls}) {	491	$self->{_activity} =
225	require Net::SSLeay;	492	$self->{_ractivity} =
		493	$self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
		494
		495	$self->timeout (delete $self->{timeout} ) if $self->{timeout};
		496	$self->rtimeout (delete $self->{rtimeout}) if $self->{rtimeout};
		497	$self->wtimeout (delete $self->{wtimeout}) if $self->{wtimeout};
		498
		499	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay}) if exists $self->{no_delay};
		500
226	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx});	501	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})
227	}	502	if $self->{tls};
228		503
229	# $self->on_eof (delete $self->{on_eof} ) if $self->{on_eof}; # nop
230	# $self->on_error (delete $self->{on_error}) if $self->{on_error}; # nop
231	# $self->on_read (delete $self->{on_read} ) if $self->{on_read}; # nop
232	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};	504	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};
233		505
234	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
235	$self->_timeout;
236
237	$self->start_read;	506	$self->start_read
		507	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
238		508
239	$self	509	$self->_drain_wbuf;
240	}
241
242	sub _shutdown {
243	my ($self) = @_;
244
245	delete $self->{_tw};
246	delete $self->{_rw};
247	delete $self->{_ww};
248	delete $self->{fh};
249
250	$self->stoptls;
251	}	510	}
252		511
253	sub _error {	512	sub _error {
254	my ($self, $errno, $fatal) = @_;	513	my ($self, $errno, $fatal, $message) = @_;
255
256	$self->_shutdown
257	if $fatal;
258		514
259	$! = $errno;	515	$! = $errno;
		516	$message ||= "$!";
260		517
261	if ($self->{on_error}) {	518	if ($self->{on_error}) {
262	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal);	519	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal, $message);
263	} else {	520	$self->destroy if $fatal;
		521	} elsif ($self->{fh}) {
		522	$self->destroy;
264	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $!";	523	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $message";
265	}	524	}
266	}	525	}
267		526
268	=item $fh = $handle->fh	527	=item $fh = $handle->fh
269		528
270	This method returns the file handle of the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.	529	This method returns the file handle used to create the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.
271		530
272	=cut	531	=cut
273		532
274	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }	533	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }
275		534
…		…
293	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];	552	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];
294	}	553	}
295		554
296	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)	555	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)
297		556
298	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback	557	=item $handle->on_rtimeout ($cb)
299	(but not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See C<timeout> constructor
300	argument.
301		558
302	=cut	559	=item $handle->on_wtimeout ($cb)
303		560
304	sub on_timeout {	561	Replace the current C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> or C<on_wtimeout>
		562	callback, or disables the callback (but not the timeout) if C<$cb> =
		563	C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor argument and method.
		564
		565	=cut
		566
		567	# see below
		568
		569	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)
		570
		571	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>
		572	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.
		573
		574	=cut
		575
		576	sub autocork {
		577	$_[0]{autocork} = $_[1];
		578	}
		579
		580	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)
		581
		582	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of
		583	the same name for details).
		584
		585	=cut
		586
		587	sub no_delay {
		588	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];
		589
		590	eval {
		591	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		592	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, &Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, &Socket::TCP_NODELAY, int $_[1]
		593	if $_[0]{fh};
		594	};
		595	}
		596
		597	=item $handle->on_starttls ($cb)
		598
		599	Replace the current C<on_starttls> callback (see the C<on_starttls> constructor argument).
		600
		601	=cut
		602
		603	sub on_starttls {
		604	$_[0]{on_starttls} = $_[1];
		605	}
		606
		607	=item $handle->on_stoptls ($cb)
		608
		609	Replace the current C<on_stoptls> callback (see the C<on_stoptls> constructor argument).
		610
		611	=cut
		612
		613	sub on_starttls {
305	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];	614	$_[0]{on_stoptls} = $_[1];
		615	}
		616
		617	=item $handle->rbuf_max ($max_octets)
		618
		619	Configures the C<rbuf_max> setting (C<undef> disables it).
		620
		621	=cut
		622
		623	sub rbuf_max {
		624	$_[0]{rbuf_max} = $_[1];
306	}	625	}
307		626
308	#############################################################################	627	#############################################################################
309		628
310	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)	629	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)
311		630
		631	=item $handle->rtimeout ($seconds)
		632
		633	=item $handle->wtimeout ($seconds)
		634
312	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.	635	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.
313		636
314	=cut	637	=item $handle->timeout_reset
315		638
316	sub timeout {	639	=item $handle->rtimeout_reset
		640
		641	=item $handle->wtimeout_reset
		642
		643	Reset the activity timeout, as if data was received or sent.
		644
		645	These methods are cheap to call.
		646
		647	=cut
		648
		649	for my $dir ("", "r", "w") {
		650	my $timeout = "${dir}timeout";
		651	my $tw = "_${dir}tw";
		652	my $on_timeout = "on_${dir}timeout";
		653	my $activity = "_${dir}activity";
		654	my $cb;
		655
		656	*$on_timeout = sub {
		657	$_[0]{$on_timeout} = $_[1];
		658	};
		659
		660	*$timeout = sub {
317	my ($self, $timeout) = @_;	661	my ($self, $new_value) = @_;
318		662
319	$self->{timeout} = $timeout;	663	$self->{$timeout} = $new_value;
320	$self->_timeout;	664	delete $self->{$tw}; &$cb;
321	}	665	};
322		666
		667	*{"${dir}timeout_reset"} = sub {
		668	$_[0]{$activity} = AE::now;
		669	};
		670
		671	# main workhorse:
323	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary	672	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary
324	# also check for time-outs	673	# also check for time-outs
325	sub _timeout {	674	$cb = sub {
326	my ($self) = @_;	675	my ($self) = @_;
327		676
328	if ($self->{timeout}) {	677	if ($self->{$timeout} && $self->{fh}) {
329	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;	678	my $NOW = AE::now;
330		679
331	# when would the timeout trigger?	680	# when would the timeout trigger?
332	my $after = $self->{_activity} + $self->{timeout} - $NOW;	681	my $after = $self->{$activity} + $self->{$timeout} - $NOW;
333		682
334	# now or in the past already?	683	# now or in the past already?
335	if ($after <= 0) {	684	if ($after <= 0) {
336	$self->{_activity} = $NOW;	685	$self->{$activity} = $NOW;
337		686
338	if ($self->{on_timeout}) {	687	if ($self->{$on_timeout}) {
339	$self->{on_timeout}($self);	688	$self->{$on_timeout}($self);
340	} else {	689	} else {
341	$self->_error (&Errno::ETIMEDOUT);	690	$self->_error (Errno::ETIMEDOUT);
		691	}
		692
		693	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise
		694	return unless $self->{$timeout};
		695
		696	# calculate new after
		697	$after = $self->{$timeout};
342	}	698	}
343		699
344	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise	700	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
345	return unless $self->{timeout};	701	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
346		702
347	# calculate new after	703	$self->{$tw} ||= AE::timer $after, 0, sub {
348	$after = $self->{timeout};	704	delete $self->{$tw};
		705	$cb->($self);
		706	};
		707	} else {
		708	delete $self->{$tw};
349	}	709	}
350
351	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
352	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
353
354	$self->{_tw} ||= AnyEvent->timer (after => $after, cb => sub {
355	delete $self->{_tw};
356	$self->_timeout;
357	});
358	} else {
359	delete $self->{_tw};
360	}	710	}
361	}	711	}
362		712
363	#############################################################################	713	#############################################################################
364		714
…		…
388	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	738	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
389		739
390	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;	740	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;
391		741
392	$cb->($self)	742	$cb->($self)
393	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf};	743	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf});
394	}	744	}
395		745
396	=item $handle->push_write ($data)	746	=item $handle->push_write ($data)
397		747
398	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you	748	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you
…		…
409	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	759	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
410		760
411	my $cb = sub {	761	my $cb = sub {
412	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};	762	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};
413		763
414	if ($len >= 0) {	764	if (defined $len) {
415	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	765	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";
416		766
417	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	767	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
418		768
419	$self->{on_drain}($self)	769	$self->{on_drain}($self)
420	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf}	770	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})
421	&& $self->{on_drain};	771	&& $self->{on_drain};
422		772
423	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};	773	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};
424	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	774	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
425	$self->_error ($!, 1);	775	$self->_error ($!, 1);
426	}	776	}
427	};	777	};
428		778
429	# try to write data immediately	779	# try to write data immediately
430	$cb->();	780	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};
431		781
432	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll	782	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll
433	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)	783	$self->{_ww} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 1, $cb
434	if length $self->{wbuf};	784	if length $self->{wbuf};
435	};	785	};
436	}	786	}
437		787
438	our %WH;	788	our %WH;
…		…
449		799
450	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")	800	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")
451	->($self, @_);	801	->($self, @_);
452	}	802	}
453		803
454	if ($self->{filter_w}) {	804	if ($self->{tls}) {
455	$self->{filter_w}($self, \$_[0]);	805	$self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];
		806	&_dotls ($self) if $self->{fh};
456	} else {	807	} else {
457	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];	808	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];
458	$self->_drain_wbuf;	809	$self->_drain_wbuf if $self->{fh};
459	}	810	}
460	}	811	}
461		812
462	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)	813	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)
463		814
…		…
477	=cut	828	=cut
478		829
479	register_write_type netstring => sub {	830	register_write_type netstring => sub {
480	my ($self, $string) = @_;	831	my ($self, $string) = @_;
481		832
482	sprintf "%d:%s,", (length $string), $string	833	(length $string) . ":$string,"
		834	};
		835
		836	=item packstring => $format, $data
		837
		838	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
		839	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
		840	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
		841	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
		842
		843	=cut
		844
		845	register_write_type packstring => sub {
		846	my ($self, $format, $string) = @_;
		847
		848	pack "$format/a*", $string
483	};	849	};
484		850
485	=item json => $array_or_hashref	851	=item json => $array_or_hashref
486		852
487	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you	853	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you
…		…
512	Other languages could read single lines terminated by a newline and pass	878	Other languages could read single lines terminated by a newline and pass
513	this line into their JSON decoder of choice.	879	this line into their JSON decoder of choice.
514		880
515	=cut	881	=cut
516		882
		883	sub json_coder() {
		884	eval { require JSON::XS; JSON::XS->new->utf8 }
		885	|| do { require JSON; JSON->new->utf8 }
		886	}
		887
517	register_write_type json => sub {	888	register_write_type json => sub {
518	my ($self, $ref) = @_;	889	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
519		890
520	require JSON;	891	my $json = $self->{json} ||= json_coder;
521		892
522	$self->{json} ? $self->{json}->encode ($ref)	893	$json->encode ($ref)
523	: JSON::encode_json ($ref)
524	};	894	};
525		895
		896	=item storable => $reference
		897
		898	Freezes the given reference using L<Storable> and writes it to the
		899	handle. Uses the C<nfreeze> format.
		900
		901	=cut
		902
		903	register_write_type storable => sub {
		904	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
		905
		906	require Storable;
		907
		908	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
		909	};
		910
526	=back	911	=back
		912
		913	=item $handle->push_shutdown
		914
		915	Sometimes you know you want to close the socket after writing your data
		916	before it was actually written. One way to do that is to replace your
		917	C<on_drain> handler by a callback that shuts down the socket (and set
		918	C<low_water_mark> to C<0>). This method is a shorthand for just that, and
		919	replaces the C<on_drain> callback with:
		920
		921	sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 } # for push_shutdown
		922
		923	This simply shuts down the write side and signals an EOF condition to the
		924	the peer.
		925
		926	You can rely on the normal read queue and C<on_eof> handling
		927	afterwards. This is the cleanest way to close a connection.
		928
		929	=cut
		930
		931	sub push_shutdown {
		932	my ($self) = @_;
		933
		934	delete $self->{low_water_mark};
		935	$self->on_drain (sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 });
		936	}
527		937
528	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)	938	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)
529		939
530	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.	940	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.
531	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code	941	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code
…		…
552	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using	962	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using
553	a queue.	963	a queue.
554		964
555	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever	965	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever
556	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if	966	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if
557	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>) if you want	967	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>). Or you cna
558	or not.	968	leave the data there if you want to accumulate more (e.g. when only a
		969	partial message has been received so far).
559		970
560	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this	971	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this
561	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new	972	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new
562	data arrives and removes it when it has done its job (see C<push_read>,	973	data arrives (also the first time it is queued) and removes it when it has
563	below).	974	done its job (see C<push_read>, below).
564		975
565	This way you can, for example, push three line-reads, followed by reading	976	This way you can, for example, push three line-reads, followed by reading
566	a chunk of data, and AnyEvent::Handle will execute them in order.	977	a chunk of data, and AnyEvent::Handle will execute them in order.
567		978
568	Example 1: EPP protocol parser. EPP sends 4 byte length info, followed by	979	Example 1: EPP protocol parser. EPP sends 4 byte length info, followed by
…		…
581	# handle xml	992	# handle xml
582	});	993	});
583	});	994	});
584	});	995	});
585		996
586	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with	997	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with "OK"
587	"OK" and another line or "ERROR" for one request, and 64 bytes for the	998	and another line or "ERROR" for the first request that is sent, and 64
588	second request. Due tot he availability of a full queue, we can just	999	bytes for the second request. Due to the availability of a queue, we can
589	pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary in	1000	just pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary
590	the callbacks:	1001	in the callbacks.
591		1002
592	# request one	1003	When the first callback is called and sees an "OK" response, it will
		1004	C<unshift> another line-read. This line-read will be queued I<before> the
		1005	64-byte chunk callback.
		1006
		1007	# request one, returns either "OK + extra line" or "ERROR"
593	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");	1008	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");
594		1009
595	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read	1010	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read
596	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	1011	$handle->push_read (line => sub {
597	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,	1012	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,
…		…
604	...	1019	...
605	});	1020	});
606	}	1021	}
607	});	1022	});
608		1023
609	# request two	1024	# request two, simply returns 64 octets
610	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");	1025	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");
611		1026
612	# simply read 64 bytes, always	1027	# simply read 64 bytes, always
613	$handle->push_read (chunk => 64, sub {	1028	$handle->push_read (chunk => 64, sub {
614	my $response = $_[1];	1029	my $response = $_[1];
…		…
620	=cut	1035	=cut
621		1036
622	sub _drain_rbuf {	1037	sub _drain_rbuf {
623	my ($self) = @_;	1038	my ($self) = @_;
624		1039
625	if (	1040	# avoid recursion
626	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
627	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
628	) {
629	return $self->_error (&Errno::ENOSPC, 1);
630	}
631
632	return if $self->{in_drain};	1041	return if $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
633	local $self->{in_drain} = 1;	1042	local $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
634		1043
		1044	while () {
		1045	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while
		1046	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.
		1047	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf}
		1048	if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};
		1049
635	while (my $len = length $self->{rbuf}) {	1050	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};
636	no strict 'refs';	1051
637	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {	1052	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
638	unless ($cb->($self)) {	1053	unless ($cb->($self)) {
		1054	# no progress can be made
		1055	# (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
		1056	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
639	if ($self->{_eof}) {	1057	if $self->{_eof};
640	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
641	return $self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1);
642	}
643		1058
644	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1059	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
645	last;	1060	last;
646	}	1061	}
647	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {	1062	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {
		1063	last unless $len;
		1064
648	$self->{on_read}($self);	1065	$self->{on_read}($self);
649		1066
650	if (	1067	if (
651	$len == length $self->{rbuf} # if no data has been consumed	1068	$len == length $self->{rbuf} # if no data has been consumed
652	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty	1069	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
653	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read	1070	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read
654	) {	1071	) {
655	# no further data will arrive	1072	# no further data will arrive
656	# so no progress can be made	1073	# so no progress can be made
657	return $self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1)	1074	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
658	if $self->{_eof};	1075	if $self->{_eof};
659		1076
660	last; # more data might arrive	1077	last; # more data might arrive
661	}	1078	}
662	} else {	1079	} else {
663	# read side becomes idle	1080	# read side becomes idle
664	delete $self->{_rw};	1081	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
665	last;	1082	last;
666	}	1083	}
667	}	1084	}
668		1085
		1086	if ($self->{_eof}) {
		1087	$self->{on_eof}
669	$self->{on_eof}($self)	1088	? $self->{on_eof}($self)
670	if $self->{_eof} && $self->{on_eof};	1089	: $self->_error (0, 1, "Unexpected end-of-file");
		1090
		1091	return;
		1092	}
		1093
		1094	if (
		1095	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
		1096	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
		1097	) {
		1098	$self->_error (Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
		1099	}
671		1100
672	# may need to restart read watcher	1101	# may need to restart read watcher
673	unless ($self->{_rw}) {	1102	unless ($self->{_rw}) {
674	$self->start_read	1103	$self->start_read
675	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };	1104	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
…		…
686		1115
687	sub on_read {	1116	sub on_read {
688	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1117	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
689		1118
690	$self->{on_read} = $cb;	1119	$self->{on_read} = $cb;
		1120	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb;
691	}	1121	}
692		1122
693	=item $handle->rbuf	1123	=item $handle->rbuf
694		1124
695	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).	1125	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).
696		1126
697	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >> member, if	1127	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >>
698	you want.	1128	member, if you want. However, the only operation allowed on the
		1129	read buffer (apart from looking at it) is removing data from its
		1130	beginning. Otherwise modifying or appending to it is not allowed and will
		1131	lead to hard-to-track-down bugs.
699		1132
700	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,	1133	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,
701	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods	1134	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods
702	automatically manage the read buffer.	1135	automatically manage the read buffer.
703		1136
…		…
800	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");	1233	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");
801	1	1234	1
802	}	1235	}
803	};	1236	};
804		1237
805	# compatibility with older API
806	sub push_read_chunk {
807	$_[0]->push_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
808	}
809
810	sub unshift_read_chunk {
811	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
812	}
813
814	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)	1238	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)
815		1239
816	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of	1240	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of
817	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line	1241	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line
818	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and	1242	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and
…		…
833	=cut	1257	=cut
834		1258
835	register_read_type line => sub {	1259	register_read_type line => sub {
836	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;	1260	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;
837		1261
838	$eol = qr|(\015?\012)| if @_ < 3;	1262	if (@_ < 3) {
839	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;	1263	# this is more than twice as fast as the generic code below
840	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
841
842	sub {	1264	sub {
843	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;	1265	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^([^\015\012]*)(\015?\012)// or return;
844		1266
845	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);	1267	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
846	1
847	}
848	};
849
850	# compatibility with older API
851	sub push_read_line {
852	my $self = shift;
853	$self->push_read (line => @_);
854	}
855
856	sub unshift_read_line {
857	my $self = shift;
858	$self->unshift_read (line => @_);
859	}
860
861	=item netstring => $cb->($handle, $string)
862
863	A netstring (http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not an endorsement).
864
865	Throws an error with C<$!> set to EBADMSG on format violations.
866
867	=cut
868
869	register_read_type netstring => sub {
870	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
871
872	sub {
873	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
874	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
875	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);
876	}	1268	1
877	return;
878	}	1269	}
		1270	} else {
		1271	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;
		1272	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
879		1273
880	my $len = $1;	1274	sub {
		1275	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;
881		1276
882	$self->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {	1277	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
883	my $string = $_[1];
884	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
885	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
886	$cb->($_[0], $string);
887	} else {
888	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);
889	}
890	});	1278	1
891	});	1279	}
892
893	1
894	}	1280	}
895	};	1281	};
896		1282
897	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)	1283	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)
898		1284
…		…
950	return 1;	1336	return 1;
951	}	1337	}
952		1338
953	# reject	1339	# reject
954	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {	1340	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {
955	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1341	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
956	}	1342	}
957		1343
958	# skip	1344	# skip
959	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {	1345	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {
960	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";	1346	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";
…		…
962		1348
963	()	1349	()
964	}	1350	}
965	};	1351	};
966		1352
		1353	=item netstring => $cb->($handle, $string)
		1354
		1355	A netstring (http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not an endorsement).
		1356
		1357	Throws an error with C<$!> set to EBADMSG on format violations.
		1358
		1359	=cut
		1360
		1361	register_read_type netstring => sub {
		1362	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1363
		1364	sub {
		1365	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
		1366	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
		1367	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1368	}
		1369	return;
		1370	}
		1371
		1372	my $len = $1;
		1373
		1374	$self->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
		1375	my $string = $_[1];
		1376	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
		1377	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
		1378	$cb->($_[0], $string);
		1379	} else {
		1380	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1381	}
		1382	});
		1383	});
		1384
		1385	1
		1386	}
		1387	};
		1388
		1389	=item packstring => $format, $cb->($handle, $string)
		1390
		1391	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
		1392	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
		1393	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
		1394	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
		1395
		1396	For example, DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n> (2 octet network order),
		1397	EPP uses a prefix of C<N> (4 octtes).
		1398
		1399	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded
		1400	format (very efficient).
		1401
		1402	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {
		1403	my ($handle, $data) = @_;
		1404	});
		1405
		1406	=cut
		1407
		1408	register_read_type packstring => sub {
		1409	my ($self, $cb, $format) = @_;
		1410
		1411	sub {
		1412	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
		1413	defined (my $len = eval { unpack $format, $_[0]{rbuf} })
		1414	or return;
		1415
		1416	$format = length pack $format, $len;
		1417
		1418	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1419	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1420	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1421	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1422	$cb->($_[0], $data);
		1423	} else {
		1424	# remove prefix
		1425	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
		1426
		1427	# read remaining chunk
		1428	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, $cb);
		1429	}
		1430
		1431	1
		1432	}
		1433	};
		1434
967	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)	1435	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)
968		1436
969	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the callback.	1437	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the
		1438	callback. When a parse error occurs, an C<EBADMSG> error will be raised.
970		1439
971	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used	1440	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used
972	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.	1441	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.
973		1442
974	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version	1443	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version
…		…
981	the C<json> write type description, above, for an actual example.	1450	the C<json> write type description, above, for an actual example.
982		1451
983	=cut	1452	=cut
984		1453
985	register_read_type json => sub {	1454	register_read_type json => sub {
986	my ($self, $cb, $accept, $reject, $skip) = @_;	1455	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
987		1456
988	require JSON;	1457	my $json = $self->{json} ||= json_coder;
989		1458
990	my $data;	1459	my $data;
991	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};	1460	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};
992		1461
993	my $json = $self->{json} ||= JSON->new->utf8;
994
995	sub {	1462	sub {
996	my $ref = $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf});	1463	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };
997		1464
998	if ($ref) {	1465	if ($ref) {
999	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;	1466	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
1000	$json->incr_text = "";	1467	$json->incr_text = "";
1001	$cb->($self, $ref);	1468	$cb->($self, $ref);
1002		1469
1003	1	1470	1
		1471	} elsif ($@) {
		1472	# error case
		1473	$json->incr_skip;
		1474
		1475	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
		1476	$json->incr_text = "";
		1477
		1478	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1479
		1480	()
1004	} else {	1481	} else {
1005	$self->{rbuf} = "";	1482	$self->{rbuf} = "";
		1483
1006	()	1484	()
1007	}	1485	}
		1486	}
		1487	};
		1488
		1489	=item storable => $cb->($handle, $ref)
		1490
		1491	Deserialises a L<Storable> frozen representation as written by the
		1492	C<storable> write type (BER-encoded length prefix followed by nfreeze'd
		1493	data).
		1494
		1495	Raises C<EBADMSG> error if the data could not be decoded.
		1496
		1497	=cut
		1498
		1499	register_read_type storable => sub {
		1500	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1501
		1502	require Storable;
		1503
		1504	sub {
		1505	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
		1506	defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]{rbuf} })
		1507	or return;
		1508
		1509	my $format = length pack "w", $len;
		1510
		1511	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1512	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1513	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1514	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1515	$cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($data));
		1516	} else {
		1517	# remove prefix
		1518	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
		1519
		1520	# read remaining chunk
		1521	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
		1522	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {
		1523	$cb->($_[0], $ref);
		1524	} else {
		1525	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1526	}
		1527	});
		1528	}
		1529
		1530	1
1008	}	1531	}
1009	};	1532	};
1010		1533
1011	=back	1534	=back
1012		1535
…		…
1033	=item $handle->stop_read	1556	=item $handle->stop_read
1034		1557
1035	=item $handle->start_read	1558	=item $handle->start_read
1036		1559
1037	In rare cases you actually do not want to read anything from the	1560	In rare cases you actually do not want to read anything from the
1038	socket. In this case you can call C<stop_read>. Neither C<on_read> no	1561	socket. In this case you can call C<stop_read>. Neither C<on_read> nor
1039	any queued callbacks will be executed then. To start reading again, call	1562	any queued callbacks will be executed then. To start reading again, call
1040	C<start_read>.	1563	C<start_read>.
1041		1564
1042	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when	1565	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when
1043	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it	1566	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it
1044	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor	1567	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor
1045	there are any read requests in the queue.	1568	there are any read requests in the queue.
1046		1569
		1570	These methods will have no effect when in TLS mode (as TLS doesn't support
		1571	half-duplex connections).
		1572
1047	=cut	1573	=cut
1048		1574
1049	sub stop_read {	1575	sub stop_read {
1050	my ($self) = @_;	1576	my ($self) = @_;
1051		1577
1052	delete $self->{_rw};	1578	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
1053	}	1579	}
1054		1580
1055	sub start_read {	1581	sub start_read {
1056	my ($self) = @_;	1582	my ($self) = @_;
1057		1583
1058	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {	1584	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {
1059	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	1585	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
1060		1586
1061	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {	1587	$self->{_rw} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 0, sub {
1062	my $rbuf = $self->{filter_r} ? \my $buf : \$self->{rbuf};	1588	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});
1063	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;	1589	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;
1064		1590
1065	if ($len > 0) {	1591	if ($len > 0) {
1066	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	1592	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_ractivity} = AE::now;
1067		1593
1068	$self->{filter_r}	1594	if ($self->{tls}) {
1069	? $self->{filter_r}($self, $rbuf)	1595	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);
		1596
		1597	&_dotls ($self);
		1598	} else {
1070	: $self->_drain_rbuf;	1599	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1600	}
1071		1601
1072	} elsif (defined $len) {	1602	} elsif (defined $len) {
1073	delete $self->{_rw};	1603	delete $self->{_rw};
1074	$self->{_eof} = 1;	1604	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1075	$self->_drain_rbuf;	1605	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1076		1606
1077	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	1607	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
1078	return $self->_error ($!, 1);	1608	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1079	}	1609	}
1080	});	1610	};
1081	}	1611	}
1082	}	1612	}
1083		1613
		1614	our $ERROR_SYSCALL;
		1615	our $ERROR_WANT_READ;
		1616
		1617	sub _tls_error {
		1618	my ($self, $err) = @_;
		1619
		1620	return $self->_error ($!, 1)
		1621	if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1622
		1623	my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
		1624
		1625	# reduce error string to look less scary
		1626	$err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
		1627
		1628	if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
		1629	(delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, $err);
		1630	&_freetls;
		1631	} else {
		1632	&_freetls;
		1633	$self->_error (Errno::EPROTO, 1, $err);
		1634	}
		1635	}
		1636
		1637	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable
		1638	# also decode read data if possible
		1639	# this is basiclaly our TLS state machine
		1640	# more efficient implementations are possible with openssl,
		1641	# but not with the buggy and incomplete Net::SSLeay.
1084	sub _dotls {	1642	sub _dotls {
1085	my ($self) = @_;	1643	my ($self) = @_;
1086		1644
1087	my $buf;	1645	my $tmp;
1088		1646
1089	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {	1647	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {
1090	while ((my $len = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {	1648	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {
1091	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	1649	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";
1092	}	1650	}
1093	}
1094		1651
		1652	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, $tmp);
		1653	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1654	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1655	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1656	}
		1657
		1658	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {
		1659	unless (length $tmp) {
		1660	$self->{_on_starttls}
		1661	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, "EOF during handshake"); # ???
		1662	&_freetls;
		1663
		1664	if ($self->{on_stoptls}) {
		1665	$self->{on_stoptls}($self);
		1666	return;
		1667	} else {
		1668	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
		1669	delete $self->{_rw};
		1670	$self->{_eof} = 1;
		1671	}
		1672	}
		1673
		1674	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;
		1675	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1676	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
		1677	}
		1678
		1679	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
		1680	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1681	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1682	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1683
1095	if (length ($buf = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {	1684	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {
1096	$self->{wbuf} .= $buf;	1685	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;
1097	$self->_drain_wbuf;	1686	$self->_drain_wbuf;
1098	}	1687	}
1099		1688
1100	while (defined ($buf = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {	1689	$self->{_on_starttls}
1101	if (length $buf) {	1690	and Net::SSLeay::state ($self->{tls}) == Net::SSLeay::ST_OK ()
1102	$self->{rbuf} .= $buf;	1691	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, 1, "TLS/SSL connection established");
1103	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1104	} else {
1105	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
1106	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1107	$self->_shutdown;
1108	return;
1109	}
1110	}
1111
1112	my $err = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
1113
1114	if ($err!= Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ()) {
1115	if ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ()) {
1116	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1117	} elsif ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SSL ()) {
1118	return $self->_error (&Errno::EIO, 1);
1119	}
1120
1121	# all others are fine for our purposes
1122	}
1123	}	1692	}
1124		1693
1125	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])	1694	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
1126		1695
1127	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle	1696	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
1128	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling	1697	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling
1129	C<starttls>.	1698	C<starttls>.
1130		1699
		1700	Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some
		1701	write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start
		1702	immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent.
		1703
1131	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either	1704	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
1132	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).	1705	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
1133		1706
1134	The second argument is the optional C<Net::SSLeay::CTX> object that is	1707	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
1135	used when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object.	1708	when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object, or
		1709	a hash reference with C<< key => value >> pairs that will be used to
		1710	construct a new context.
1136		1711
1137	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >> after this	1712	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS
1138	call and can be used or changed to your liking. Note that the handshake	1713	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or
1139	might have already started when this function returns.	1714	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started
		1715	when this function returns.
1140		1716
		1717	Due to bugs in OpenSSL, it might or might not be possible to do multiple
		1718	handshakes on the same stream. Best do not attempt to use the stream after
		1719	stopping TLS.
		1720
1141	=cut	1721	=cut
		1722
		1723	our %TLS_CACHE; #TODO not yet documented, should we?
1142		1724
1143	sub starttls {	1725	sub starttls {
1144	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;	1726	my ($self, $tls, $ctx) = @_;
1145		1727
1146	$self->stoptls;	1728	Carp::croak "It is an error to call starttls on an AnyEvent::Handle object while TLS is already active, caught"
		1729	if $self->{tls};
1147		1730
1148	if ($ssl eq "accept") {	1731	$self->{tls} = $tls;
1149	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1732	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx if @_ > 2;
1150	Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state ($ssl);	1733
1151	} elsif ($ssl eq "connect") {	1734	return unless $self->{fh};
1152	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1735
1153	Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state ($ssl);	1736	require Net::SSLeay;
		1737
		1738	$ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1739	$ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
		1740
		1741	$tls = $self->{tls};
		1742	$ctx = $self->{tls_ctx};
		1743
		1744	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session
		1745
		1746	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
		1747	require AnyEvent::TLS;
		1748
		1749	if ($ctx->{cache}) {
		1750	my $key = $ctx+0;
		1751	$ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1752	} else {
		1753	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1754	}
		1755	}
1154	}	1756
1155		1757	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();
1156	$self->{tls} = $ssl;	1758	$self->{tls} = $tls = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($tls, $self, $self->{peername});
1157		1759
1158	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)	1760	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)
1159	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".	1761	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".
1160	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned	1762	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned
1161	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).	1763	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).
1162	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html	1764	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html
		1765	#
		1766	# in short: this is a mess.
		1767	#
		1768	# note that we do not try to keep the length constant between writes as we are required to do.
		1769	# we assume that most (but not all) of this insanity only applies to non-blocking cases,
		1770	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to
		1771	# have identity issues in that area.
1163	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($self->{tls},	1772	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,
1164	(eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)	1773	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)
1165	| (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));	1774	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));
		1775	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($tls, 1|2);
1166		1776
1167	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1777	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1168	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1778	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1169		1779
		1780	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, delete $self->{rbuf});
		1781
1170	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});	1782	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($tls, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});
1171		1783
1172	$self->{filter_w} = sub {	1784	$self->{_on_starttls} = sub { $_[0]{on_starttls}(@_) }
1173	$_[0]{_tls_wbuf} .= ${$_[1]};	1785	if $self->{on_starttls};
1174	&_dotls;	1786
1175	};	1787	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake
1176	$self->{filter_r} = sub {	1788	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read
1177	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($_[0]{_rbio}, ${$_[1]});
1178	&_dotls;
1179	};
1180	}	1789	}
1181		1790
1182	=item $handle->stoptls	1791	=item $handle->stoptls
1183		1792
1184	Destroys the SSL connection, if any. Partial read or write data will be	1793	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by
1185	lost.	1794	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't
		1795	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not guarenteed that you can re-use
		1796	the stream afterwards.
1186		1797
1187	=cut	1798	=cut
1188		1799
1189	sub stoptls {	1800	sub stoptls {
1190	my ($self) = @_;	1801	my ($self) = @_;
1191		1802
1192	Net::SSLeay::free (delete $self->{tls}) if $self->{tls};	1803	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1804	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});
1193		1805
1194	delete $self->{_rbio};	1806	&_dotls;
1195	delete $self->{_wbio};	1807
1196	delete $self->{_tls_wbuf};	1808	# # we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...#d#
1197	delete $self->{filter_r};	1809	# # we, we... have to use openssl :/#d#
1198	delete $self->{filter_w};	1810	# &_freetls;#d#
		1811	}
		1812	}
		1813
		1814	sub _freetls {
		1815	my ($self) = @_;
		1816
		1817	return unless $self->{tls};
		1818
		1819	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls})
		1820	if $self->{tls} > 0;
		1821
		1822	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf _on_starttls)};
1199	}	1823	}
1200		1824
1201	sub DESTROY {	1825	sub DESTROY {
1202	my $self = shift;	1826	my ($self) = @_;
1203		1827
1204	$self->stoptls;	1828	&_freetls;
		1829
		1830	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;
		1831
		1832	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf} && $self->{fh}) {
		1833	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};
		1834	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};
		1835
		1836	my @linger;
		1837
		1838	push @linger, AE::io $fh, 1, sub {
		1839	my $len = syswrite $fh, $wbuf, length $wbuf;
		1840
		1841	if ($len > 0) {
		1842	substr $wbuf, 0, $len, "";
		1843	} else {
		1844	@linger = (); # end
		1845	}
		1846	};
		1847	push @linger, AE::timer $linger, 0, sub {
		1848	@linger = ();
		1849	};
		1850	}
		1851	}
		1852
		1853	=item $handle->destroy
		1854
		1855	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that
		1856	no further callbacks will be invoked and as many resources as possible
		1857	will be freed. Any method you will call on the handle object after
		1858	destroying it in this way will be silently ignored (and it will return the
		1859	empty list).
		1860
		1861	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle
		1862	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF
		1863	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write
		1864	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from
		1865	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in
		1866	that case.
		1867
		1868	Destroying the handle object in this way has the advantage that callbacks
		1869	will be removed as well, so if those are the only reference holders (as
		1870	is common), then one doesn't need to do anything special to break any
		1871	reference cycles.
		1872
		1873	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining
		1874	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.
		1875
		1876	=cut
		1877
		1878	sub destroy {
		1879	my ($self) = @_;
		1880
		1881	$self->DESTROY;
		1882	%$self = ();
		1883	bless $self, "AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed";
		1884	}
		1885
		1886	sub AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed::AUTOLOAD {
		1887	#nop
1205	}	1888	}
1206		1889
1207	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX	1890	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX
1208		1891
1209	This function creates and returns the Net::SSLeay::CTX object used by	1892	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default
1210	default for TLS mode.	1893	for TLS mode.
1211		1894
1212	The context is created like this:	1895	The context is created by calling L<AnyEvent::TLS> without any arguments.
1213
1214	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings;
1215	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms;
1216	Net::SSLeay::randomize;
1217
1218	my $CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new;
1219
1220	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options $CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL
1221		1896
1222	=cut	1897	=cut
1223		1898
1224	our $TLS_CTX;	1899	our $TLS_CTX;
1225		1900
1226	sub TLS_CTX() {	1901	sub TLS_CTX() {
1227	$TLS_CTX || do {	1902	$TLS_CTX ||= do {
1228	require Net::SSLeay;	1903	require AnyEvent::TLS;
1229		1904
1230	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings ();	1905	new AnyEvent::TLS
1231	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms ();
1232	Net::SSLeay::randomize ();
1233
1234	$TLS_CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new ();
1235
1236	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options ($TLS_CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL ());
1237
1238	$TLS_CTX
1239	}	1906	}
1240	}	1907	}
1241		1908
1242	=back	1909	=back
		1910
		1911
		1912	=head1 NONFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		1913
		1914	=over 4
		1915
		1916	=item I C<undef> the AnyEvent::Handle reference inside my callback and
		1917	still get further invocations!
		1918
		1919	That's because AnyEvent::Handle keeps a reference to itself when handling
		1920	read or write callbacks.
		1921
		1922	It is only safe to "forget" the reference inside EOF or error callbacks,
		1923	from within all other callbacks, you need to explicitly call the C<<
		1924	->destroy >> method.
		1925
		1926	=item I get different callback invocations in TLS mode/Why can't I pause
		1927	reading?
		1928
		1929	Unlike, say, TCP, TLS connections do not consist of two independent
		1930	communication channels, one for each direction. Or put differently. The
		1931	read and write directions are not independent of each other: you cannot
		1932	write data unless you are also prepared to read, and vice versa.
		1933
		1934	This can mean than, in TLS mode, you might get C<on_error> or C<on_eof>
		1935	callback invocations when you are not expecting any read data - the reason
		1936	is that AnyEvent::Handle always reads in TLS mode.
		1937
		1938	During the connection, you have to make sure that you always have a
		1939	non-empty read-queue, or an C<on_read> watcher. At the end of the
		1940	connection (or when you no longer want to use it) you can call the
		1941	C<destroy> method.
		1942
		1943	=item How do I read data until the other side closes the connection?
		1944
		1945	If you just want to read your data into a perl scalar, the easiest way
		1946	to achieve this is by setting an C<on_read> callback that does nothing,
		1947	clearing the C<on_eof> callback and in the C<on_error> callback, the data
		1948	will be in C<$_[0]{rbuf}>:
		1949
		1950	$handle->on_read (sub { });
		1951	$handle->on_eof (undef);
		1952	$handle->on_error (sub {
		1953	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};
		1954	});
		1955
		1956	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies
		1957	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in
		1958	fact, all data has been received.
		1959
		1960	It is usually better to use acknowledgements when transferring data,
		1961	to make sure the other side hasn't just died and you got the data
		1962	intact. This is also one reason why so many internet protocols have an
		1963	explicit QUIT command.
		1964
		1965	=item I don't want to destroy the handle too early - how do I wait until
		1966	all data has been written?
		1967
		1968	After writing your last bits of data, set the C<on_drain> callback
		1969	and destroy the handle in there - with the default setting of
		1970	C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been
		1971	written to the socket:
		1972
		1973	$handle->push_write (...);
		1974	$handle->on_drain (sub {
		1975	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";
		1976	undef $handle;
		1977	});
		1978
		1979	If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
		1980	consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
		1981
		1982	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I don't care about security.
		1983
		1984	If your TLS server is a pure TLS server (e.g. HTTPS) that only speaks TLS,
		1985	simply connect to it and then create the AnyEvent::Handle with the C<tls>
		1986	parameter:
		1987
		1988	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		1989	my ($fh) = @_;
		1990
		1991	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		1992	fh => $fh,
		1993	tls => "connect",
		1994	on_error => sub { ... };
		1995
		1996	$handle->push_write (...);
		1997	};
		1998
		1999	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I do care about security.
		2000
		2001	Then you should additionally enable certificate verification, including
		2002	peername verification, if the protocol you use supports it (see
		2003	L<AnyEvent::TLS>, C<verify_peername>).
		2004
		2005	E.g. for HTTPS:
		2006
		2007	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		2008	my ($fh) = @_;
		2009
		2010	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2011	fh => $fh,
		2012	peername => $host,
		2013	tls => "connect",
		2014	tls_ctx => { verify => 1, verify_peername => "https" },
		2015	...
		2016
		2017	Note that you must specify the hostname you connected to (or whatever
		2018	"peername" the protocol needs) as the C<peername> argument, otherwise no
		2019	peername verification will be done.
		2020
		2021	The above will use the system-dependent default set of trusted CA
		2022	certificates. If you want to check against a specific CA, add the
		2023	C<ca_file> (or C<ca_cert>) arguments to C<tls_ctx>:
		2024
		2025	tls_ctx => {
		2026	verify => 1,
		2027	verify_peername => "https",
		2028	ca_file => "my-ca-cert.pem",
		2029	},
		2030
		2031	=item I want to create a TLS/SSL server, how do I do that?
		2032
		2033	Well, you first need to get a server certificate and key. You have
		2034	three options: a) ask a CA (buy one, use cacert.org etc.) b) create a
		2035	self-signed certificate (cheap. check the search engine of your choice,
		2036	there are many tutorials on the net) or c) make your own CA (tinyca2 is a
		2037	nice program for that purpose).
		2038
		2039	Then create a file with your private key (in PEM format, see
		2040	L<AnyEvent::TLS>), followed by the certificate (also in PEM format). The
		2041	file should then look like this:
		2042
		2043	-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2044	...header data
		2045	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2046	-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2047
		2048	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
		2049	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2050	-----END CERTIFICATE-----
		2051
		2052	The important bits are the "PRIVATE KEY" and "CERTIFICATE" parts. Then
		2053	specify this file as C<cert_file>:
		2054
		2055	tcp_server undef, $port, sub {
		2056	my ($fh) = @_;
		2057
		2058	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2059	fh => $fh,
		2060	tls => "accept",
		2061	tls_ctx => { cert_file => "my-server-keycert.pem" },
		2062	...
		2063
		2064	When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
		2065	know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
		2066
		2067	=back
		2068
1243		2069
1244	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle	2070	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
1245		2071
1246	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.	2072	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.
1247		2073
…		…
1251	=over 4	2077	=over 4
1252		2078
1253	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.	2079	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.
1254		2080
1255	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it	2081	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it
1256	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changes or	2082	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changed or
1257	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).	2083	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).
1258		2084
1259	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.	2085	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.
1260		2086
1261	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed	2087	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed

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