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Revision 1.176 by root, Sun Aug 9 00:20:35 2009 UTC

1	package AnyEvent::Handle;
2
3	no warnings;
4	use strict;
5
6	use AnyEvent ();
7	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
8	use Scalar::Util ();
9	use Carp ();
10	use Fcntl ();
11	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
12
13	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
14		2
15	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent	3	AnyEvent::Handle - non-blocking I/O on file handles via AnyEvent
16		4
17	=cut	5	=cut
18		6
19	our $VERSION = 4.13;	7	our $VERSION = 4.92;
20		8
21	=head1 SYNOPSIS	9	=head1 SYNOPSIS
22		10
23	use AnyEvent;	11	use AnyEvent;
24	use AnyEvent::Handle;	12	use AnyEvent::Handle;
25		13
26	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;	14	my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
27		15
28	my $handle =	16	my $hdl; $hdl = new AnyEvent::Handle
29	AnyEvent::Handle->new (
30	fh => \*STDIN,	17	fh => \*STDIN,
31	on_eof => sub {	18	on_error => sub {
32	$cv->broadcast;	19	my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
33	},	20	warn "got error $msg\n";
		21	$hdl->destroy;
		22	$cv->send;
34	);	23	);
35		24
36	# send some request line	25	# send some request line
37	$handle->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");	26	$hdl->push_write ("getinfo\015\012");
38		27
39	# read the response line	28	# read the response line
40	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	29	$hdl->push_read (line => sub {
41	my ($handle, $line) = @_;	30	my ($hdl, $line) = @_;
42	warn "read line <$line>\n";	31	warn "got line <$line>\n";
43	$cv->send;	32	$cv->send;
44	});	33	});
45		34
46	$cv->recv;	35	$cv->recv;
47		36
48	=head1 DESCRIPTION	37	=head1 DESCRIPTION
49		38
50	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on	39	This module is a helper module to make it easier to do event-based I/O on
51	filehandles. For utility functions for doing non-blocking connects and accepts	40	filehandles.
52	on sockets see L<AnyEvent::Util>.	41
		42	The L<AnyEvent::Intro> tutorial contains some well-documented
		43	AnyEvent::Handle examples.
53		44
54	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this	45	In the following, when the documentation refers to of "bytes" then this
55	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their	46	means characters. As sysread and syswrite are used for all I/O, their
56	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.	47	treatment of characters applies to this module as well.
57		48
		49	At the very minimum, you should specify C<fh> or C<connect>, and the
		50	C<on_error> callback.
		51
58	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first	52	All callbacks will be invoked with the handle object as their first
59	argument.	53	argument.
60		54
		55	=cut
		56
		57	package AnyEvent::Handle;
		58
		59	use Scalar::Util ();
		60	use List::Util ();
		61	use Carp ();
		62	use Errno qw(EAGAIN EINTR);
		63
		64	use AnyEvent (); BEGIN { AnyEvent::common_sense }
		65	use AnyEvent::Util qw(WSAEWOULDBLOCK);
		66
61	=head1 METHODS	67	=head1 METHODS
62		68
63	=over 4	69	=over 4
64		70
65	=item B<new (%args)>	71	=item $handle = B<new> AnyEvent::TLS fh => $filehandle, key => value...
66		72
67	The constructor supports these arguments (all as key => value pairs).	73	The constructor supports these arguments (all as C<< key => value >> pairs).
68		74
69	=over 4	75	=over 4
70		76
71	=item fh => $filehandle [MANDATORY]	77	=item fh => $filehandle [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
72		78
73	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.	79	The filehandle this L<AnyEvent::Handle> object will operate on.
74
75	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking (using	80	NOTE: The filehandle will be set to non-blocking mode (using
76	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking).	81	C<AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking>) by the constructor and needs to stay in
		82	that mode.
77		83
		84	=item connect => [$host, $service] [C<fh> or C<connect> MANDATORY]
		85
		86	Try to connect to the specified host and service (port), using
		87	C<AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect>. The C<$host> additionally becomes the
		88	default C<peername>.
		89
		90	You have to specify either this parameter, or C<fh>, above.
		91
		92	It is possible to push requests on the read and write queues, and modify
		93	properties of the stream, even while AnyEvent::Handle is connecting.
		94
		95	When this parameter is specified, then the C<on_prepare>,
		96	C<on_connect_error> and C<on_connect> callbacks will be called under the
		97	appropriate circumstances:
		98
		99	=over 4
		100
78	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)	101	=item on_prepare => $cb->($handle)
79		102
80	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detcted,	103	This (rarely used) callback is called before a new connection is
81	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the	104	attempted, but after the file handle has been created. It could be used to
82	connection cleanly.	105	prepare the file handle with parameters required for the actual connect
		106	(as opposed to settings that can be changed when the connection is already
		107	established).
83		108
84	While not mandatory, it is highly recommended to set an eof callback,	109	The return value of this callback should be the connect timeout value in
85	otherwise you might end up with a closed socket while you are still	110	seconds (or C<0>, or C<undef>, or the empty list, to indicate the default
86	waiting for data.	111	timeout is to be used).
87		112
		113	=item on_connect => $cb->($handle, $host, $port, $retry->())
		114
		115	This callback is called when a connection has been successfully established.
		116
		117	The actual numeric host and port (the socket peername) are passed as
		118	parameters, together with a retry callback.
		119
		120	When, for some reason, the handle is not acceptable, then calling
		121	C<$retry> will continue with the next conenction target (in case of
		122	multi-homed hosts or SRV records there can be multiple connection
		123	endpoints). When it is called then the read and write queues, eof status,
		124	tls status and similar properties of the handle are being reset.
		125
		126	In most cases, ignoring the C<$retry> parameter is the way to go.
		127
		128	=item on_connect_error => $cb->($handle, $message)
		129
		130	This callback is called when the conenction could not be
		131	established. C<$!> will contain the relevant error code, and C<$message> a
		132	message describing it (usually the same as C<"$!">).
		133
		134	If this callback isn't specified, then C<on_error> will be called with a
		135	fatal error instead.
		136
		137	=back
		138
88	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal)	139	=item on_error => $cb->($handle, $fatal, $message)
89		140
90	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error	141	This is the error callback, which is called when, well, some error
91	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to	142	occured, such as not being able to resolve the hostname, failure to
92	connect or a read error.	143	connect or a read error.
93		144
94	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On	145	Some errors are fatal (which is indicated by C<$fatal> being true). On
95	fatal errors the handle object will be shut down and will not be	146	fatal errors the handle object will be destroyed (by a call to C<< ->
		147	destroy >>) after invoking the error callback (which means you are free to
		148	examine the handle object). Examples of fatal errors are an EOF condition
		149	with active (but unsatisifable) read watchers (C<EPIPE>) or I/O errors. In
		150	cases where the other side can close the connection at their will it is
		151	often easiest to not report C<EPIPE> errors in this callback.
		152
		153	AnyEvent::Handle tries to find an appropriate error code for you to check
		154	against, but in some cases (TLS errors), this does not work well. It is
		155	recommended to always output the C<$message> argument in human-readable
		156	error messages (it's usually the same as C<"$!">).
		157
96	usable. Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is	158	Non-fatal errors can be retried by simply returning, but it is recommended
97	recommended to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle	159	to simply ignore this parameter and instead abondon the handle object
98	object when this callback is invoked.	160	when this callback is invoked. Examples of non-fatal errors are timeouts
		161	C<ETIMEDOUT>) or badly-formatted data (C<EBADMSG>).
99		162
100	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system	163	On callback entrance, the value of C<$!> contains the operating system
101	error (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT> or C<EBADMSG>).	164	error code (or C<ENOSPC>, C<EPIPE>, C<ETIMEDOUT>, C<EBADMSG> or
		165	C<EPROTO>).
102		166
103	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as	167	While not mandatory, it is I<highly> recommended to set this callback, as
104	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls	168	you will not be notified of errors otherwise. The default simply calls
105	C<croak>.	169	C<croak>.
106		170
107	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)	171	=item on_read => $cb->($handle)
108		172
109	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives	173	This sets the default read callback, which is called when data arrives
110	and no read request is in the queue.	174	and no read request is in the queue (unlike read queue callbacks, this
		175	callback will only be called when at least one octet of data is in the
		176	read buffer).
111		177
112	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>	178	To access (and remove data from) the read buffer, use the C<< ->rbuf >>
113	method or access the C<$handle->{rbuf}> member directly.	179	method or access the C<< $handle->{rbuf} >> member directly. Note that you
		180	must not enlarge or modify the read buffer, you can only remove data at
		181	the beginning from it.
114		182
115	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to	183	When an EOF condition is detected then AnyEvent::Handle will first try to
116	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before	184	feed all the remaining data to the queued callbacks and C<on_read> before
117	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal	185	calling the C<on_eof> callback. If no progress can be made, then a fatal
118	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).	186	error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<EPIPE>).
119		187
		188	Note that, unlike requests in the read queue, an C<on_read> callback
		189	doesn't mean you I<require> some data: if there is an EOF and there
		190	are outstanding read requests then an error will be flagged. With an
		191	C<on_read> callback, the C<on_eof> callback will be invoked.
		192
		193	=item on_eof => $cb->($handle)
		194
		195	Set the callback to be called when an end-of-file condition is detected,
		196	i.e. in the case of a socket, when the other side has closed the
		197	connection cleanly, and there are no outstanding read requests in the
		198	queue (if there are read requests, then an EOF counts as an unexpected
		199	connection close and will be flagged as an error).
		200
		201	For sockets, this just means that the other side has stopped sending data,
		202	you can still try to write data, and, in fact, one can return from the EOF
		203	callback and continue writing data, as only the read part has been shut
		204	down.
		205
		206	If an EOF condition has been detected but no C<on_eof> callback has been
		207	set, then a fatal error will be raised with C<$!> set to <0>.
		208
120	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)	209	=item on_drain => $cb->($handle)
121		210
122	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty	211	This sets the callback that is called when the write buffer becomes empty
123	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).	212	(or when the callback is set and the buffer is empty already).
124		213
125	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.	214	To append to the write buffer, use the C<< ->push_write >> method.
126		215
		216	This callback is useful when you don't want to put all of your write data
		217	into the queue at once, for example, when you want to write the contents
		218	of some file to the socket you might not want to read the whole file into
		219	memory and push it into the queue, but instead only read more data from
		220	the file when the write queue becomes empty.
		221
127	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds	222	=item timeout => $fractional_seconds
128		223
		224	=item rtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		225
		226	=item wtimeout => $fractional_seconds
		227
129	If non-zero, then this enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this many	228	If non-zero, then these enables an "inactivity" timeout: whenever this
130	seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying file	229	many seconds pass without a successful read or write on the underlying
131	handle, the C<on_timeout> callback will be invoked (and if that one is	230	file handle (or a call to C<timeout_reset>), the C<on_timeout> callback
132	missing, an C<ETIMEDOUT> error will be raised).	231	will be invoked (and if that one is missing, a non-fatal C<ETIMEDOUT>
		232	error will be raised).
		233
		234	There are three variants of the timeouts that work fully independent
		235	of each other, for both read and write, just read, and just write:
		236	C<timeout>, C<rtimeout> and C<wtimeout>, with corresponding callbacks
		237	C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> and C<on_wtimeout>, and reset functions
		238	C<timeout_reset>, C<rtimeout_reset>, and C<wtimeout_reset>.
133		239
134	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have	240	Note that timeout processing is also active when you currently do not have
135	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection	241	any outstanding read or write requests: If you plan to keep the connection
136	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout	242	idle then you should disable the timout temporarily or ignore the timeout
137	in the C<on_timeout> callback.	243	in the C<on_timeout> callback, in which case AnyEvent::Handle will simply
		244	restart the timeout.
138		245
139	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.	246	Zero (the default) disables this timeout.
140		247
141	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)	248	=item on_timeout => $cb->($handle)
142		249
…		…
146		253
147	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>	254	=item rbuf_max => <bytes>
148		255
149	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)	256	If defined, then a fatal error will be raised (with C<$!> set to C<ENOSPC>)
150	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to	257	when the read buffer ever (strictly) exceeds this size. This is useful to
151	avoid denial-of-service attacks.	258	avoid some forms of denial-of-service attacks.
152		259
153	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should	260	For example, a server accepting connections from untrusted sources should
154	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on	261	be configured to accept only so-and-so much data that it cannot act on
155	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited	262	(for example, when expecting a line, an attacker could send an unlimited
156	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line	263	amount of data without a callback ever being called as long as the line
157	isn't finished).	264	isn't finished).
158		265
		266	=item autocork => <boolean>
		267
		268	When disabled (the default), then C<push_write> will try to immediately
		269	write the data to the handle, if possible. This avoids having to register
		270	a write watcher and wait for the next event loop iteration, but can
		271	be inefficient if you write multiple small chunks (on the wire, this
		272	disadvantage is usually avoided by your kernel's nagle algorithm, see
		273	C<no_delay>, but this option can save costly syscalls).
		274
		275	When enabled, then writes will always be queued till the next event loop
		276	iteration. This is efficient when you do many small writes per iteration,
		277	but less efficient when you do a single write only per iteration (or when
		278	the write buffer often is full). It also increases write latency.
		279
		280	=item no_delay => <boolean>
		281
		282	When doing small writes on sockets, your operating system kernel might
		283	wait a bit for more data before actually sending it out. This is called
		284	the Nagle algorithm, and usually it is beneficial.
		285
		286	In some situations you want as low a delay as possible, which can be
		287	accomplishd by setting this option to a true value.
		288
		289	The default is your opertaing system's default behaviour (most likely
		290	enabled), this option explicitly enables or disables it, if possible.
		291
159	=item read_size => <bytes>	292	=item read_size => <bytes>
160		293
161	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will try to read	294	The default read block size (the amount of bytes this module will
162	during each (loop iteration). Default: C<8192>.	295	try to read during each loop iteration, which affects memory
		296	requirements). Default: C<8192>.
163		297
164	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>	298	=item low_water_mark => <bytes>
165		299
166	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write	300	Sets the amount of bytes (default: C<0>) that make up an "empty" write
167	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is	301	buffer: If the write reaches this size or gets even samller it is
168	considered empty.	302	considered empty.
169		303
		304	Sometimes it can be beneficial (for performance reasons) to add data to
		305	the write buffer before it is fully drained, but this is a rare case, as
		306	the operating system kernel usually buffers data as well, so the default
		307	is good in almost all cases.
		308
		309	=item linger => <seconds>
		310
		311	If non-zero (default: C<3600>), then the destructor of the
		312	AnyEvent::Handle object will check whether there is still outstanding
		313	write data and will install a watcher that will write this data to the
		314	socket. No errors will be reported (this mostly matches how the operating
		315	system treats outstanding data at socket close time).
		316
		317	This will not work for partial TLS data that could not be encoded
		318	yet. This data will be lost. Calling the C<stoptls> method in time might
		319	help.
		320
		321	=item peername => $string
		322
		323	A string used to identify the remote site - usually the DNS hostname
		324	(I<not> IDN!) used to create the connection, rarely the IP address.
		325
		326	Apart from being useful in error messages, this string is also used in TLS
		327	peername verification (see C<verify_peername> in L<AnyEvent::TLS>). This
		328	verification will be skipped when C<peername> is not specified or
		329	C<undef>.
		330
170	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object	331	=item tls => "accept" | "connect" | Net::SSLeay::SSL object
171		332
172	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means it	333	When this parameter is given, it enables TLS (SSL) mode, that means
173	will start making tls handshake and will transparently encrypt/decrypt	334	AnyEvent will start a TLS handshake as soon as the conenction has been
174	data.	335	established and will transparently encrypt/decrypt data afterwards.
		336
		337	All TLS protocol errors will be signalled as C<EPROTO>, with an
		338	appropriate error message.
175		339
176	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded	340	TLS mode requires Net::SSLeay to be installed (it will be loaded
177	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle).	341	automatically when you try to create a TLS handle): this module doesn't
		342	have a dependency on that module, so if your module requires it, you have
		343	to add the dependency yourself.
178		344
179	For the TLS server side, use C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a	345	Unlike TCP, TLS has a server and client side: for the TLS server side, use
180	connection, use C<connect> mode.	346	C<accept>, and for the TLS client side of a connection, use C<connect>
		347	mode.
181		348
182	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have	349	You can also provide your own TLS connection object, but you have
183	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>	350	to make sure that you call either C<Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state>
184	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to	351	or C<Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state> on it before you pass it to
185	AnyEvent::Handle.	352	AnyEvent::Handle. Also, this module will take ownership of this connection
		353	object.
186		354
		355	At some future point, AnyEvent::Handle might switch to another TLS
		356	implementation, then the option to use your own session object will go
		357	away.
		358
		359	B<IMPORTANT:> since Net::SSLeay "objects" are really only integers,
		360	passing in the wrong integer will lead to certain crash. This most often
		361	happens when one uses a stylish C<< tls => 1 >> and is surprised about the
		362	segmentation fault.
		363
187	See the C<starttls> method if you need to start TLs negotiation later.	364	See the C<< ->starttls >> method for when need to start TLS negotiation later.
188		365
189	=item tls_ctx => $ssl_ctx	366	=item tls_ctx => $anyevent_tls
190		367
191	Use the given Net::SSLeay::CTX object to create the new TLS connection	368	Use the given C<AnyEvent::TLS> object to create the new TLS connection
192	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is	369	(unless a connection object was specified directly). If this parameter is
193	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.	370	missing, then AnyEvent::Handle will use C<AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX>.
194		371
		372	Instead of an object, you can also specify a hash reference with C<< key
		373	=> value >> pairs. Those will be passed to L<AnyEvent::TLS> to create a
		374	new TLS context object.
		375
		376	=item on_starttls => $cb->($handle, $success[, $error_message])
		377
		378	This callback will be invoked when the TLS/SSL handshake has finished. If
		379	C<$success> is true, then the TLS handshake succeeded, otherwise it failed
		380	(C<on_stoptls> will not be called in this case).
		381
		382	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		383	callback, even when the handshake was not successful.
		384
		385	TLS handshake failures will not cause C<on_error> to be invoked when this
		386	callback is in effect, instead, the error message will be passed to C<on_starttls>.
		387
		388	Without this callback, handshake failures lead to C<on_error> being
		389	called, as normal.
		390
		391	Note that you cannot call C<starttls> right again in this callback. If you
		392	need to do that, start an zero-second timer instead whose callback can
		393	then call C<< ->starttls >> again.
		394
		395	=item on_stoptls => $cb->($handle)
		396
		397	When a SSLv3/TLS shutdown/close notify/EOF is detected and this callback is
		398	set, then it will be invoked after freeing the TLS session. If it is not,
		399	then a TLS shutdown condition will be treated like a normal EOF condition
		400	on the handle.
		401
		402	The session in C<< $handle->{tls} >> can still be examined in this
		403	callback.
		404
		405	This callback will only be called on TLS shutdowns, not when the
		406	underlying handle signals EOF.
		407
195	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object	408	=item json => JSON or JSON::XS object
196		409
197	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.	410	This is the json coder object used by the C<json> read and write types.
198		411
199	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a	412	If you don't supply it, then AnyEvent::Handle will create and use a
200	suitable one, which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON texts.	413	suitable one (on demand), which will write and expect UTF-8 encoded JSON
		414	texts.
201		415
202	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to	416	Note that you are responsible to depend on the JSON module if you want to
203	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.	417	use this functionality, as AnyEvent does not have a dependency itself.
204		418
205	=item filter_r => $cb
206
207	=item filter_w => $cb
208
209	These exist, but are undocumented at this time.
210
211	=back	419	=back
212		420
213	=cut	421	=cut
214		422
215	sub new {	423	sub new {
216	my $class = shift;	424	my $class = shift;
217
218	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;	425	my $self = bless { @_ }, $class;
219		426
220	$self->{fh} or Carp::croak "mandatory argument fh is missing";	427	if ($self->{fh}) {
		428	$self->_start;
		429	return unless $self->{fh}; # could be gone by now
		430
		431	} elsif ($self->{connect}) {
		432	require AnyEvent::Socket;
		433
		434	$self->{peername} = $self->{connect}[0]
		435	unless exists $self->{peername};
		436
		437	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		438
		439	{
		440	Scalar::Util::weaken (my $self = $self);
		441
		442	$self->{_connect} =
		443	AnyEvent::Socket::tcp_connect (
		444	$self->{connect}[0],
		445	$self->{connect}[1],
		446	sub {
		447	my ($fh, $host, $port, $retry) = @_;
		448
		449	if ($fh) {
		450	$self->{fh} = $fh;
		451
		452	delete $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
		453	$self->_start;
		454
		455	$self->{on_connect}
		456	and $self->{on_connect}($self, $host, $port, sub {
		457	delete @$self{qw(fh _tw _ww _rw _eof _queue rbuf _wbuf tls _tls_rbuf _tls_wbuf)};
		458	$self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
		459	&$retry;
		460	});
		461
		462	} else {
		463	if ($self->{on_connect_error}) {
		464	$self->{on_connect_error}($self, "$!");
		465	$self->destroy;
		466	} else {
		467	$self->_error ($!, 1);
		468	}
		469	}
		470	},
		471	sub {
		472	local $self->{fh} = $_[0];
		473
		474	$self->{on_prepare}
		475	? $self->{on_prepare}->($self)
		476	: ()
		477	}
		478	);
		479	}
		480
		481	} else {
		482	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle: either an existing fh or the connect parameter must be specified";
		483	}
		484
		485	$self
		486	}
		487
		488	sub _start {
		489	my ($self) = @_;
221		490
222	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;	491	AnyEvent::Util::fh_nonblocking $self->{fh}, 1;
223		492
224	if ($self->{tls}) {	493	$self->{_activity} =
225	require Net::SSLeay;	494	$self->{_ractivity} =
		495	$self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
		496
		497	$self->timeout (delete $self->{timeout} ) if $self->{timeout};
		498	$self->rtimeout (delete $self->{rtimeout}) if $self->{rtimeout};
		499	$self->wtimeout (delete $self->{wtimeout}) if $self->{wtimeout};
		500
		501	$self->no_delay (delete $self->{no_delay}) if exists $self->{no_delay};
		502
226	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx});	503	$self->starttls (delete $self->{tls}, delete $self->{tls_ctx})
227	}	504	if $self->{tls};
228		505
229	# $self->on_eof (delete $self->{on_eof} ) if $self->{on_eof}; # nop
230	# $self->on_error (delete $self->{on_error}) if $self->{on_error}; # nop
231	# $self->on_read (delete $self->{on_read} ) if $self->{on_read}; # nop
232	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};	506	$self->on_drain (delete $self->{on_drain}) if $self->{on_drain};
233		507
234	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;
235	$self->_timeout;
236
237	$self->start_read;	508	$self->start_read
		509	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
238		510
239	$self	511	$self->_drain_wbuf;
240	}	512	}
241		513
242	sub _shutdown {	514	#sub _shutdown {
243	my ($self) = @_;	515	# my ($self) = @_;
244		516	#
245	delete $self->{_tw};	517	# delete @$self{qw(_tw _rw _ww fh wbuf on_read _queue)};
246	delete $self->{_rw};	518	# $self->{_eof} = 1; # tell starttls et. al to stop trying
247	delete $self->{_ww};	519	#
248	delete $self->{fh};	520	# &_freetls;
249		521	#}
250	$self->stoptls;
251	}
252		522
253	sub _error {	523	sub _error {
254	my ($self, $errno, $fatal) = @_;	524	my ($self, $errno, $fatal, $message) = @_;
255
256	$self->_shutdown
257	if $fatal;
258		525
259	$! = $errno;	526	$! = $errno;
		527	$message ||= "$!";
260		528
261	if ($self->{on_error}) {	529	if ($self->{on_error}) {
262	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal);	530	$self->{on_error}($self, $fatal, $message);
263	} else {	531	$self->destroy if $fatal;
		532	} elsif ($self->{fh}) {
		533	$self->destroy;
264	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $!";	534	Carp::croak "AnyEvent::Handle uncaught error: $message";
265	}	535	}
266	}	536	}
267		537
268	=item $fh = $handle->fh	538	=item $fh = $handle->fh
269		539
270	This method returns the file handle of the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.	540	This method returns the file handle used to create the L<AnyEvent::Handle> object.
271		541
272	=cut	542	=cut
273		543
274	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }	544	sub fh { $_[0]{fh} }
275		545
…		…
293	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];	563	$_[0]{on_eof} = $_[1];
294	}	564	}
295		565
296	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)	566	=item $handle->on_timeout ($cb)
297		567
298	Replace the current C<on_timeout> callback, or disables the callback	568	=item $handle->on_rtimeout ($cb)
299	(but not the timeout) if C<$cb> = C<undef>. See C<timeout> constructor
300	argument.
301		569
302	=cut	570	=item $handle->on_wtimeout ($cb)
303		571
304	sub on_timeout {	572	Replace the current C<on_timeout>, C<on_rtimeout> or C<on_wtimeout>
		573	callback, or disables the callback (but not the timeout) if C<$cb> =
		574	C<undef>. See the C<timeout> constructor argument and method.
		575
		576	=cut
		577
		578	# see below
		579
		580	=item $handle->autocork ($boolean)
		581
		582	Enables or disables the current autocork behaviour (see C<autocork>
		583	constructor argument). Changes will only take effect on the next write.
		584
		585	=cut
		586
		587	sub autocork {
		588	$_[0]{autocork} = $_[1];
		589	}
		590
		591	=item $handle->no_delay ($boolean)
		592
		593	Enables or disables the C<no_delay> setting (see constructor argument of
		594	the same name for details).
		595
		596	=cut
		597
		598	sub no_delay {
		599	$_[0]{no_delay} = $_[1];
		600
		601	eval {
		602	local $SIG{__DIE__};
		603	setsockopt $_[0]{fh}, &Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, &Socket::TCP_NODELAY, int $_[1]
		604	if $_[0]{fh};
		605	};
		606	}
		607
		608	=item $handle->on_starttls ($cb)
		609
		610	Replace the current C<on_starttls> callback (see the C<on_starttls> constructor argument).
		611
		612	=cut
		613
		614	sub on_starttls {
		615	$_[0]{on_starttls} = $_[1];
		616	}
		617
		618	=item $handle->on_stoptls ($cb)
		619
		620	Replace the current C<on_stoptls> callback (see the C<on_stoptls> constructor argument).
		621
		622	=cut
		623
		624	sub on_starttls {
305	$_[0]{on_timeout} = $_[1];	625	$_[0]{on_stoptls} = $_[1];
		626	}
		627
		628	=item $handle->rbuf_max ($max_octets)
		629
		630	Configures the C<rbuf_max> setting (C<undef> disables it).
		631
		632	=cut
		633
		634	sub rbuf_max {
		635	$_[0]{rbuf_max} = $_[1];
306	}	636	}
307		637
308	#############################################################################	638	#############################################################################
309		639
310	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)	640	=item $handle->timeout ($seconds)
311		641
		642	=item $handle->rtimeout ($seconds)
		643
		644	=item $handle->wtimeout ($seconds)
		645
312	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.	646	Configures (or disables) the inactivity timeout.
313		647
314	=cut	648	=item $handle->timeout_reset
315		649
316	sub timeout {	650	=item $handle->rtimeout_reset
		651
		652	=item $handle->wtimeout_reset
		653
		654	Reset the activity timeout, as if data was received or sent.
		655
		656	These methods are cheap to call.
		657
		658	=cut
		659
		660	for my $dir ("", "r", "w") {
		661	my $timeout = "${dir}timeout";
		662	my $tw = "_${dir}tw";
		663	my $on_timeout = "on_${dir}timeout";
		664	my $activity = "_${dir}activity";
		665	my $cb;
		666
		667	*$on_timeout = sub {
		668	$_[0]{$on_timeout} = $_[1];
		669	};
		670
		671	*$timeout = sub {
317	my ($self, $timeout) = @_;	672	my ($self, $new_value) = @_;
318		673
319	$self->{timeout} = $timeout;	674	$self->{$timeout} = $new_value;
320	$self->_timeout;	675	delete $self->{$tw}; &$cb;
321	}	676	};
322		677
		678	*{"${dir}timeout_reset"} = sub {
		679	$_[0]{$activity} = AE::now;
		680	};
		681
		682	# main workhorse:
323	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary	683	# reset the timeout watcher, as neccessary
324	# also check for time-outs	684	# also check for time-outs
325	sub _timeout {	685	$cb = sub {
326	my ($self) = @_;	686	my ($self) = @_;
327		687
328	if ($self->{timeout}) {	688	if ($self->{$timeout} && $self->{fh}) {
329	my $NOW = AnyEvent->now;	689	my $NOW = AE::now;
330		690
331	# when would the timeout trigger?	691	# when would the timeout trigger?
332	my $after = $self->{_activity} + $self->{timeout} - $NOW;	692	my $after = $self->{$activity} + $self->{$timeout} - $NOW;
333		693
334	# now or in the past already?	694	# now or in the past already?
335	if ($after <= 0) {	695	if ($after <= 0) {
336	$self->{_activity} = $NOW;	696	$self->{$activity} = $NOW;
337		697
338	if ($self->{on_timeout}) {	698	if ($self->{$on_timeout}) {
339	$self->{on_timeout}($self);	699	$self->{$on_timeout}($self);
340	} else {	700	} else {
341	$self->_error (&Errno::ETIMEDOUT);	701	$self->_error (Errno::ETIMEDOUT);
		702	}
		703
		704	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise
		705	return unless $self->{$timeout};
		706
		707	# calculate new after
		708	$after = $self->{$timeout};
342	}	709	}
343		710
344	# callback could have changed timeout value, optimise	711	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
345	return unless $self->{timeout};	712	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
346		713
347	# calculate new after	714	$self->{$tw} ||= AE::timer $after, 0, sub {
348	$after = $self->{timeout};	715	delete $self->{$tw};
		716	$cb->($self);
		717	};
		718	} else {
		719	delete $self->{$tw};
349	}	720	}
350
351	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
352	return unless $self; # ->error could have destroyed $self
353
354	$self->{_tw} ||= AnyEvent->timer (after => $after, cb => sub {
355	delete $self->{_tw};
356	$self->_timeout;
357	});
358	} else {
359	delete $self->{_tw};
360	}	721	}
361	}	722	}
362		723
363	#############################################################################	724	#############################################################################
364		725
…		…
388	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	749	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
389		750
390	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;	751	$self->{on_drain} = $cb;
391		752
392	$cb->($self)	753	$cb->($self)
393	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf};	754	if $cb && $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf});
394	}	755	}
395		756
396	=item $handle->push_write ($data)	757	=item $handle->push_write ($data)
397		758
398	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you	759	Queues the given scalar to be written. You can push as much data as you
…		…
409	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	770	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
410		771
411	my $cb = sub {	772	my $cb = sub {
412	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};	773	my $len = syswrite $self->{fh}, $self->{wbuf};
413		774
414	if ($len >= 0) {	775	if (defined $len) {
415	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	776	substr $self->{wbuf}, 0, $len, "";
416		777
417	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	778	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_wactivity} = AE::now;
418		779
419	$self->{on_drain}($self)	780	$self->{on_drain}($self)
420	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= length $self->{wbuf}	781	if $self->{low_water_mark} >= (length $self->{wbuf}) + (length $self->{_tls_wbuf})
421	&& $self->{on_drain};	782	&& $self->{on_drain};
422		783
423	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};	784	delete $self->{_ww} unless length $self->{wbuf};
424	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	785	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
425	$self->_error ($!, 1);	786	$self->_error ($!, 1);
426	}	787	}
427	};	788	};
428		789
429	# try to write data immediately	790	# try to write data immediately
430	$cb->();	791	$cb->() unless $self->{autocork};
431		792
432	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll	793	# if still data left in wbuf, we need to poll
433	$self->{_ww} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "w", cb => $cb)	794	$self->{_ww} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 1, $cb
434	if length $self->{wbuf};	795	if length $self->{wbuf};
435	};	796	};
436	}	797	}
437		798
438	our %WH;	799	our %WH;
…		…
449		810
450	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")	811	@_ = ($WH{$type} or Carp::croak "unsupported type passed to AnyEvent::Handle::push_write")
451	->($self, @_);	812	->($self, @_);
452	}	813	}
453		814
454	if ($self->{filter_w}) {	815	if ($self->{tls}) {
455	$self->{filter_w}($self, \$_[0]);	816	$self->{_tls_wbuf} .= $_[0];
		817	&_dotls ($self) if $self->{fh};
456	} else {	818	} else {
457	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];	819	$self->{wbuf} .= $_[0];
458	$self->_drain_wbuf;	820	$self->_drain_wbuf if $self->{fh};
459	}	821	}
460	}	822	}
461		823
462	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)	824	=item $handle->push_write (type => @args)
463		825
…		…
477	=cut	839	=cut
478		840
479	register_write_type netstring => sub {	841	register_write_type netstring => sub {
480	my ($self, $string) = @_;	842	my ($self, $string) = @_;
481		843
482	sprintf "%d:%s,", (length $string), $string	844	(length $string) . ":$string,"
		845	};
		846
		847	=item packstring => $format, $data
		848
		849	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
		850	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
		851	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
		852	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
		853
		854	=cut
		855
		856	register_write_type packstring => sub {
		857	my ($self, $format, $string) = @_;
		858
		859	pack "$format/a*", $string
483	};	860	};
484		861
485	=item json => $array_or_hashref	862	=item json => $array_or_hashref
486		863
487	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you	864	Encodes the given hash or array reference into a JSON object. Unless you
…		…
521		898
522	$self->{json} ? $self->{json}->encode ($ref)	899	$self->{json} ? $self->{json}->encode ($ref)
523	: JSON::encode_json ($ref)	900	: JSON::encode_json ($ref)
524	};	901	};
525		902
		903	=item storable => $reference
		904
		905	Freezes the given reference using L<Storable> and writes it to the
		906	handle. Uses the C<nfreeze> format.
		907
		908	=cut
		909
		910	register_write_type storable => sub {
		911	my ($self, $ref) = @_;
		912
		913	require Storable;
		914
		915	pack "w/a*", Storable::nfreeze ($ref)
		916	};
		917
526	=back	918	=back
		919
		920	=item $handle->push_shutdown
		921
		922	Sometimes you know you want to close the socket after writing your data
		923	before it was actually written. One way to do that is to replace your
		924	C<on_drain> handler by a callback that shuts down the socket (and set
		925	C<low_water_mark> to C<0>). This method is a shorthand for just that, and
		926	replaces the C<on_drain> callback with:
		927
		928	sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 } # for push_shutdown
		929
		930	This simply shuts down the write side and signals an EOF condition to the
		931	the peer.
		932
		933	You can rely on the normal read queue and C<on_eof> handling
		934	afterwards. This is the cleanest way to close a connection.
		935
		936	=cut
		937
		938	sub push_shutdown {
		939	my ($self) = @_;
		940
		941	delete $self->{low_water_mark};
		942	$self->on_drain (sub { shutdown $_[0]{fh}, 1 });
		943	}
527		944
528	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)	945	=item AnyEvent::Handle::register_write_type type => $coderef->($handle, @args)
529		946
530	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.	947	This function (not method) lets you add your own types to C<push_write>.
531	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code	948	Whenever the given C<type> is used, C<push_write> will invoke the code
…		…
552	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using	969	ways, the "simple" way, using only C<on_read> and the "complex" way, using
553	a queue.	970	a queue.
554		971
555	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever	972	In the simple case, you just install an C<on_read> callback and whenever
556	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if	973	new data arrives, it will be called. You can then remove some data (if
557	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>) if you want	974	enough is there) from the read buffer (C<< $handle->rbuf >>). Or you cna
558	or not.	975	leave the data there if you want to accumulate more (e.g. when only a
		976	partial message has been received so far).
559		977
560	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this	978	In the more complex case, you want to queue multiple callbacks. In this
561	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new	979	case, AnyEvent::Handle will call the first queued callback each time new
562	data arrives and removes it when it has done its job (see C<push_read>,	980	data arrives (also the first time it is queued) and removes it when it has
563	below).	981	done its job (see C<push_read>, below).
564		982
565	This way you can, for example, push three line-reads, followed by reading	983	This way you can, for example, push three line-reads, followed by reading
566	a chunk of data, and AnyEvent::Handle will execute them in order.	984	a chunk of data, and AnyEvent::Handle will execute them in order.
567		985
568	Example 1: EPP protocol parser. EPP sends 4 byte length info, followed by	986	Example 1: EPP protocol parser. EPP sends 4 byte length info, followed by
…		…
581	# handle xml	999	# handle xml
582	});	1000	});
583	});	1001	});
584	});	1002	});
585		1003
586	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with	1004	Example 2: Implement a client for a protocol that replies either with "OK"
587	"OK" and another line or "ERROR" for one request, and 64 bytes for the	1005	and another line or "ERROR" for the first request that is sent, and 64
588	second request. Due tot he availability of a full queue, we can just	1006	bytes for the second request. Due to the availability of a queue, we can
589	pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary in	1007	just pipeline sending both requests and manipulate the queue as necessary
590	the callbacks:	1008	in the callbacks.
591		1009
592	# request one	1010	When the first callback is called and sees an "OK" response, it will
		1011	C<unshift> another line-read. This line-read will be queued I<before> the
		1012	64-byte chunk callback.
		1013
		1014	# request one, returns either "OK + extra line" or "ERROR"
593	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");	1015	$handle->push_write ("request 1\015\012");
594		1016
595	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read	1017	# we expect "ERROR" or "OK" as response, so push a line read
596	$handle->push_read (line => sub {	1018	$handle->push_read (line => sub {
597	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,	1019	# if we got an "OK", we have to _prepend_ another line,
…		…
604	...	1026	...
605	});	1027	});
606	}	1028	}
607	});	1029	});
608		1030
609	# request two	1031	# request two, simply returns 64 octets
610	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");	1032	$handle->push_write ("request 2\015\012");
611		1033
612	# simply read 64 bytes, always	1034	# simply read 64 bytes, always
613	$handle->push_read (chunk => 64, sub {	1035	$handle->push_read (chunk => 64, sub {
614	my $response = $_[1];	1036	my $response = $_[1];
…		…
620	=cut	1042	=cut
621		1043
622	sub _drain_rbuf {	1044	sub _drain_rbuf {
623	my ($self) = @_;	1045	my ($self) = @_;
624		1046
625	if (	1047	# avoid recursion
626	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
627	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
628	) {
629	return $self->_error (&Errno::ENOSPC, 1);
630	}
631
632	return if $self->{in_drain};	1048	return if $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf};
633	local $self->{in_drain} = 1;	1049	local $self->{_skip_drain_rbuf} = 1;
634		1050
		1051	while () {
		1052	# we need to use a separate tls read buffer, as we must not receive data while
		1053	# we are draining the buffer, and this can only happen with TLS.
		1054	$self->{rbuf} .= delete $self->{_tls_rbuf}
		1055	if exists $self->{_tls_rbuf};
		1056
635	while (my $len = length $self->{rbuf}) {	1057	my $len = length $self->{rbuf};
636	no strict 'refs';	1058
637	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {	1059	if (my $cb = shift @{ $self->{_queue} }) {
638	unless ($cb->($self)) {	1060	unless ($cb->($self)) {
		1061	# no progress can be made
		1062	# (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
		1063	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
639	if ($self->{_eof}) {	1064	if $self->{_eof};
640	# no progress can be made (not enough data and no data forthcoming)
641	return $self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1);
642	}
643		1065
644	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;	1066	unshift @{ $self->{_queue} }, $cb;
645	last;	1067	last;
646	}	1068	}
647	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {	1069	} elsif ($self->{on_read}) {
		1070	last unless $len;
		1071
648	$self->{on_read}($self);	1072	$self->{on_read}($self);
649		1073
650	if (	1074	if (
651	$len == length $self->{rbuf} # if no data has been consumed	1075	$len == length $self->{rbuf} # if no data has been consumed
652	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty	1076	&& !@{ $self->{_queue} } # and the queue is still empty
653	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read	1077	&& $self->{on_read} # but we still have on_read
654	) {	1078	) {
655	# no further data will arrive	1079	# no further data will arrive
656	# so no progress can be made	1080	# so no progress can be made
657	return $self->_error (&Errno::EPIPE, 1)	1081	$self->_error (Errno::EPIPE, 1), return
658	if $self->{_eof};	1082	if $self->{_eof};
659		1083
660	last; # more data might arrive	1084	last; # more data might arrive
661	}	1085	}
662	} else {	1086	} else {
663	# read side becomes idle	1087	# read side becomes idle
664	delete $self->{_rw};	1088	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
665	last;	1089	last;
666	}	1090	}
667	}	1091	}
668		1092
		1093	if ($self->{_eof}) {
		1094	$self->{on_eof}
669	$self->{on_eof}($self)	1095	? $self->{on_eof}($self)
670	if $self->{_eof} && $self->{on_eof};	1096	: $self->_error (0, 1, "Unexpected end-of-file");
		1097
		1098	return;
		1099	}
		1100
		1101	if (
		1102	defined $self->{rbuf_max}
		1103	&& $self->{rbuf_max} < length $self->{rbuf}
		1104	) {
		1105	$self->_error (Errno::ENOSPC, 1), return;
		1106	}
671		1107
672	# may need to restart read watcher	1108	# may need to restart read watcher
673	unless ($self->{_rw}) {	1109	unless ($self->{_rw}) {
674	$self->start_read	1110	$self->start_read
675	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };	1111	if $self->{on_read} || @{ $self->{_queue} };
…		…
686		1122
687	sub on_read {	1123	sub on_read {
688	my ($self, $cb) = @_;	1124	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
689		1125
690	$self->{on_read} = $cb;	1126	$self->{on_read} = $cb;
		1127	$self->_drain_rbuf if $cb;
691	}	1128	}
692		1129
693	=item $handle->rbuf	1130	=item $handle->rbuf
694		1131
695	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).	1132	Returns the read buffer (as a modifiable lvalue).
696		1133
697	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >> member, if	1134	You can access the read buffer directly as the C<< ->{rbuf} >>
698	you want.	1135	member, if you want. However, the only operation allowed on the
		1136	read buffer (apart from looking at it) is removing data from its
		1137	beginning. Otherwise modifying or appending to it is not allowed and will
		1138	lead to hard-to-track-down bugs.
699		1139
700	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,	1140	NOTE: The read buffer should only be used or modified if the C<on_read>,
701	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods	1141	C<push_read> or C<unshift_read> methods are used. The other read methods
702	automatically manage the read buffer.	1142	automatically manage the read buffer.
703		1143
…		…
800	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");	1240	$cb->($_[0], substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $len, "");
801	1	1241	1
802	}	1242	}
803	};	1243	};
804		1244
805	# compatibility with older API
806	sub push_read_chunk {
807	$_[0]->push_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
808	}
809
810	sub unshift_read_chunk {
811	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $_[1], $_[2]);
812	}
813
814	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)	1245	=item line => [$eol, ]$cb->($handle, $line, $eol)
815		1246
816	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of	1247	The callback will be called only once a full line (including the end of
817	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line	1248	line marker, C<$eol>) has been read. This line (excluding the end of line
818	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and	1249	marker) will be passed to the callback as second argument (C<$line>), and
…		…
833	=cut	1264	=cut
834		1265
835	register_read_type line => sub {	1266	register_read_type line => sub {
836	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;	1267	my ($self, $cb, $eol) = @_;
837		1268
838	$eol = qr|(\015?\012)| if @_ < 3;	1269	if (@_ < 3) {
839	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;	1270	# this is more than twice as fast as the generic code below
840	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
841
842	sub {	1271	sub {
843	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;	1272	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^([^\015\012]*)(\015?\012)// or return;
844		1273
845	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);	1274	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
846	1
847	}
848	};
849
850	# compatibility with older API
851	sub push_read_line {
852	my $self = shift;
853	$self->push_read (line => @_);
854	}
855
856	sub unshift_read_line {
857	my $self = shift;
858	$self->unshift_read (line => @_);
859	}
860
861	=item netstring => $cb->($handle, $string)
862
863	A netstring (http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not an endorsement).
864
865	Throws an error with C<$!> set to EBADMSG on format violations.
866
867	=cut
868
869	register_read_type netstring => sub {
870	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
871
872	sub {
873	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
874	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
875	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);
876	}	1275	1
877	return;
878	}	1276	}
		1277	} else {
		1278	$eol = quotemeta $eol unless ref $eol;
		1279	$eol = qr|^(.*?)($eol)|s;
879		1280
880	my $len = $1;	1281	sub {
		1282	$_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/$eol// or return;
881		1283
882	$self->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {	1284	$cb->($_[0], $1, $2);
883	my $string = $_[1];
884	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
885	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
886	$cb->($_[0], $string);
887	} else {
888	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);
889	}
890	});	1285	1
891	});	1286	}
892
893	1
894	}	1287	}
895	};	1288	};
896		1289
897	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)	1290	=item regex => $accept[, $reject[, $skip], $cb->($handle, $data)
898		1291
…		…
950	return 1;	1343	return 1;
951	}	1344	}
952		1345
953	# reject	1346	# reject
954	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {	1347	if ($reject && $$rbuf =~ $reject) {
955	$self->_error (&Errno::EBADMSG);	1348	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
956	}	1349	}
957		1350
958	# skip	1351	# skip
959	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {	1352	if ($skip && $$rbuf =~ $skip) {
960	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";	1353	$data .= substr $$rbuf, 0, $+[0], "";
…		…
962		1355
963	()	1356	()
964	}	1357	}
965	};	1358	};
966		1359
		1360	=item netstring => $cb->($handle, $string)
		1361
		1362	A netstring (http://cr.yp.to/proto/netstrings.txt, this is not an endorsement).
		1363
		1364	Throws an error with C<$!> set to EBADMSG on format violations.
		1365
		1366	=cut
		1367
		1368	register_read_type netstring => sub {
		1369	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1370
		1371	sub {
		1372	unless ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ s/^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)://) {
		1373	if ($_[0]{rbuf} =~ /[^0-9]/) {
		1374	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1375	}
		1376	return;
		1377	}
		1378
		1379	my $len = $1;
		1380
		1381	$self->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
		1382	my $string = $_[1];
		1383	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => 1, sub {
		1384	if ($_[1] eq ",") {
		1385	$cb->($_[0], $string);
		1386	} else {
		1387	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1388	}
		1389	});
		1390	});
		1391
		1392	1
		1393	}
		1394	};
		1395
		1396	=item packstring => $format, $cb->($handle, $string)
		1397
		1398	An octet string prefixed with an encoded length. The encoding C<$format>
		1399	uses the same format as a Perl C<pack> format, but must specify a single
		1400	integer only (only one of C<cCsSlLqQiInNvVjJw> is allowed, plus an
		1401	optional C<!>, C<< < >> or C<< > >> modifier).
		1402
		1403	For example, DNS over TCP uses a prefix of C<n> (2 octet network order),
		1404	EPP uses a prefix of C<N> (4 octtes).
		1405
		1406	Example: read a block of data prefixed by its length in BER-encoded
		1407	format (very efficient).
		1408
		1409	$handle->push_read (packstring => "w", sub {
		1410	my ($handle, $data) = @_;
		1411	});
		1412
		1413	=cut
		1414
		1415	register_read_type packstring => sub {
		1416	my ($self, $cb, $format) = @_;
		1417
		1418	sub {
		1419	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
		1420	defined (my $len = eval { unpack $format, $_[0]{rbuf} })
		1421	or return;
		1422
		1423	$format = length pack $format, $len;
		1424
		1425	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1426	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1427	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1428	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1429	$cb->($_[0], $data);
		1430	} else {
		1431	# remove prefix
		1432	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
		1433
		1434	# read remaining chunk
		1435	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, $cb);
		1436	}
		1437
		1438	1
		1439	}
		1440	};
		1441
967	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)	1442	=item json => $cb->($handle, $hash_or_arrayref)
968		1443
969	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the callback.	1444	Reads a JSON object or array, decodes it and passes it to the
		1445	callback. When a parse error occurs, an C<EBADMSG> error will be raised.
970		1446
971	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used	1447	If a C<json> object was passed to the constructor, then that will be used
972	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.	1448	for the final decode, otherwise it will create a JSON coder expecting UTF-8.
973		1449
974	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version	1450	This read type uses the incremental parser available with JSON version
…		…
981	the C<json> write type description, above, for an actual example.	1457	the C<json> write type description, above, for an actual example.
982		1458
983	=cut	1459	=cut
984		1460
985	register_read_type json => sub {	1461	register_read_type json => sub {
986	my ($self, $cb, $accept, $reject, $skip) = @_;	1462	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
987		1463
988	require JSON;	1464	my $json = $self->{json} ||=
		1465	eval { require JSON::XS; JSON::XS->new->utf8 }
		1466	|| do { require JSON; JSON->new->utf8 };
989		1467
990	my $data;	1468	my $data;
991	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};	1469	my $rbuf = \$self->{rbuf};
992		1470
993	my $json = $self->{json} ||= JSON->new->utf8;
994
995	sub {	1471	sub {
996	my $ref = $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf});	1472	my $ref = eval { $json->incr_parse ($self->{rbuf}) };
997		1473
998	if ($ref) {	1474	if ($ref) {
999	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;	1475	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
1000	$json->incr_text = "";	1476	$json->incr_text = "";
1001	$cb->($self, $ref);	1477	$cb->($self, $ref);
1002		1478
1003	1	1479	1
		1480	} elsif ($@) {
		1481	# error case
		1482	$json->incr_skip;
		1483
		1484	$self->{rbuf} = $json->incr_text;
		1485	$json->incr_text = "";
		1486
		1487	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1488
		1489	()
1004	} else {	1490	} else {
1005	$self->{rbuf} = "";	1491	$self->{rbuf} = "";
		1492
1006	()	1493	()
1007	}	1494	}
		1495	}
		1496	};
		1497
		1498	=item storable => $cb->($handle, $ref)
		1499
		1500	Deserialises a L<Storable> frozen representation as written by the
		1501	C<storable> write type (BER-encoded length prefix followed by nfreeze'd
		1502	data).
		1503
		1504	Raises C<EBADMSG> error if the data could not be decoded.
		1505
		1506	=cut
		1507
		1508	register_read_type storable => sub {
		1509	my ($self, $cb) = @_;
		1510
		1511	require Storable;
		1512
		1513	sub {
		1514	# when we can use 5.10 we can use ".", but for 5.8 we use the re-pack method
		1515	defined (my $len = eval { unpack "w", $_[0]{rbuf} })
		1516	or return;
		1517
		1518	my $format = length pack "w", $len;
		1519
		1520	# bypass unshift if we already have the remaining chunk
		1521	if ($format + $len <= length $_[0]{rbuf}) {
		1522	my $data = substr $_[0]{rbuf}, $format, $len;
		1523	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format + $len, "";
		1524	$cb->($_[0], Storable::thaw ($data));
		1525	} else {
		1526	# remove prefix
		1527	substr $_[0]{rbuf}, 0, $format, "";
		1528
		1529	# read remaining chunk
		1530	$_[0]->unshift_read (chunk => $len, sub {
		1531	if (my $ref = eval { Storable::thaw ($_[1]) }) {
		1532	$cb->($_[0], $ref);
		1533	} else {
		1534	$self->_error (Errno::EBADMSG);
		1535	}
		1536	});
		1537	}
		1538
		1539	1
1008	}	1540	}
1009	};	1541	};
1010		1542
1011	=back	1543	=back
1012		1544
…		…
1033	=item $handle->stop_read	1565	=item $handle->stop_read
1034		1566
1035	=item $handle->start_read	1567	=item $handle->start_read
1036		1568
1037	In rare cases you actually do not want to read anything from the	1569	In rare cases you actually do not want to read anything from the
1038	socket. In this case you can call C<stop_read>. Neither C<on_read> no	1570	socket. In this case you can call C<stop_read>. Neither C<on_read> nor
1039	any queued callbacks will be executed then. To start reading again, call	1571	any queued callbacks will be executed then. To start reading again, call
1040	C<start_read>.	1572	C<start_read>.
1041		1573
1042	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when	1574	Note that AnyEvent::Handle will automatically C<start_read> for you when
1043	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it	1575	you change the C<on_read> callback or push/unshift a read callback, and it
1044	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor	1576	will automatically C<stop_read> for you when neither C<on_read> is set nor
1045	there are any read requests in the queue.	1577	there are any read requests in the queue.
1046		1578
		1579	These methods will have no effect when in TLS mode (as TLS doesn't support
		1580	half-duplex connections).
		1581
1047	=cut	1582	=cut
1048		1583
1049	sub stop_read {	1584	sub stop_read {
1050	my ($self) = @_;	1585	my ($self) = @_;
1051		1586
1052	delete $self->{_rw};	1587	delete $self->{_rw} unless $self->{tls};
1053	}	1588	}
1054		1589
1055	sub start_read {	1590	sub start_read {
1056	my ($self) = @_;	1591	my ($self) = @_;
1057		1592
1058	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {	1593	unless ($self->{_rw} || $self->{_eof}) {
1059	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;	1594	Scalar::Util::weaken $self;
1060		1595
1061	$self->{_rw} = AnyEvent->io (fh => $self->{fh}, poll => "r", cb => sub {	1596	$self->{_rw} = AE::io $self->{fh}, 0, sub {
1062	my $rbuf = $self->{filter_r} ? \my $buf : \$self->{rbuf};	1597	my $rbuf = \($self->{tls} ? my $buf : $self->{rbuf});
1063	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;	1598	my $len = sysread $self->{fh}, $$rbuf, $self->{read_size} || 8192, length $$rbuf;
1064		1599
1065	if ($len > 0) {	1600	if ($len > 0) {
1066	$self->{_activity} = AnyEvent->now;	1601	$self->{_activity} = $self->{_ractivity} = AE::now;
1067		1602
1068	$self->{filter_r}	1603	if ($self->{tls}) {
1069	? $self->{filter_r}($self, $rbuf)	1604	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, $$rbuf);
		1605
		1606	&_dotls ($self);
		1607	} else {
1070	: $self->_drain_rbuf;	1608	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1609	}
1071		1610
1072	} elsif (defined $len) {	1611	} elsif (defined $len) {
1073	delete $self->{_rw};	1612	delete $self->{_rw};
1074	$self->{_eof} = 1;	1613	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1075	$self->_drain_rbuf;	1614	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1076		1615
1077	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {	1616	} elsif ($! != EAGAIN && $! != EINTR && $! != WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
1078	return $self->_error ($!, 1);	1617	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1079	}	1618	}
1080	});	1619	};
1081	}	1620	}
1082	}	1621	}
1083		1622
		1623	our $ERROR_SYSCALL;
		1624	our $ERROR_WANT_READ;
		1625
		1626	sub _tls_error {
		1627	my ($self, $err) = @_;
		1628
		1629	return $self->_error ($!, 1)
		1630	if $err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1631
		1632	my $err =Net::SSLeay::ERR_error_string (Net::SSLeay::ERR_get_error ());
		1633
		1634	# reduce error string to look less scary
		1635	$err =~ s/^error:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}:[^:]+:([^:]+):/\L$1: /;
		1636
		1637	if ($self->{_on_starttls}) {
		1638	(delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, $err);
		1639	&_freetls;
		1640	} else {
		1641	&_freetls;
		1642	$self->_error (Errno::EPROTO, 1, $err);
		1643	}
		1644	}
		1645
		1646	# poll the write BIO and send the data if applicable
		1647	# also decode read data if possible
		1648	# this is basiclaly our TLS state machine
		1649	# more efficient implementations are possible with openssl,
		1650	# but not with the buggy and incomplete Net::SSLeay.
1084	sub _dotls {	1651	sub _dotls {
1085	my ($self) = @_;	1652	my ($self) = @_;
1086		1653
1087	my $buf;	1654	my $tmp;
1088		1655
1089	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {	1656	if (length $self->{_tls_wbuf}) {
1090	while ((my $len = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {	1657	while (($tmp = Net::SSLeay::write ($self->{tls}, $self->{_tls_wbuf})) > 0) {
1091	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $len, "";	1658	substr $self->{_tls_wbuf}, 0, $tmp, "";
1092	}	1659	}
1093	}
1094		1660
		1661	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, $tmp);
		1662	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1663	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1664	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1665	}
		1666
		1667	while (defined ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {
		1668	unless (length $tmp) {
		1669	$self->{_on_starttls}
		1670	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, undef, "EOF during handshake"); # ???
		1671	&_freetls;
		1672
		1673	if ($self->{on_stoptls}) {
		1674	$self->{on_stoptls}($self);
		1675	return;
		1676	} else {
		1677	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
		1678	delete $self->{_rw};
		1679	$self->{_eof} = 1;
		1680	}
		1681	}
		1682
		1683	$self->{_tls_rbuf} .= $tmp;
		1684	$self->_drain_rbuf;
		1685	$self->{tls} or return; # tls session might have gone away in callback
		1686	}
		1687
		1688	$tmp = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
		1689	return $self->_tls_error ($tmp)
		1690	if $tmp != $ERROR_WANT_READ
		1691	&& ($tmp != $ERROR_SYSCALL || $!);
		1692
1095	if (length ($buf = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {	1693	while (length ($tmp = Net::SSLeay::BIO_read ($self->{_wbio}))) {
1096	$self->{wbuf} .= $buf;	1694	$self->{wbuf} .= $tmp;
1097	$self->_drain_wbuf;	1695	$self->_drain_wbuf;
1098	}	1696	}
1099		1697
1100	while (defined ($buf = Net::SSLeay::read ($self->{tls}))) {	1698	$self->{_on_starttls}
1101	if (length $buf) {	1699	and Net::SSLeay::state ($self->{tls}) == Net::SSLeay::ST_OK ()
1102	$self->{rbuf} .= $buf;	1700	and (delete $self->{_on_starttls})->($self, 1, "TLS/SSL connection established");
1103	$self->_drain_rbuf;
1104	} else {
1105	# let's treat SSL-eof as we treat normal EOF
1106	$self->{_eof} = 1;
1107	$self->_shutdown;
1108	return;
1109	}
1110	}
1111
1112	my $err = Net::SSLeay::get_error ($self->{tls}, -1);
1113
1114	if ($err!= Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ()) {
1115	if ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ()) {
1116	return $self->_error ($!, 1);
1117	} elsif ($err == Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SSL ()) {
1118	return $self->_error (&Errno::EIO, 1);
1119	}
1120
1121	# all others are fine for our purposes
1122	}
1123	}	1701	}
1124		1702
1125	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])	1703	=item $handle->starttls ($tls[, $tls_ctx])
1126		1704
1127	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle	1705	Instead of starting TLS negotiation immediately when the AnyEvent::Handle
1128	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling	1706	object is created, you can also do that at a later time by calling
1129	C<starttls>.	1707	C<starttls>.
1130		1708
		1709	Starting TLS is currently an asynchronous operation - when you push some
		1710	write data and then call C<< ->starttls >> then TLS negotiation will start
		1711	immediately, after which the queued write data is then sent.
		1712
1131	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either	1713	The first argument is the same as the C<tls> constructor argument (either
1132	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).	1714	C<"connect">, C<"accept"> or an existing Net::SSLeay object).
1133		1715
1134	The second argument is the optional C<Net::SSLeay::CTX> object that is	1716	The second argument is the optional C<AnyEvent::TLS> object that is used
1135	used when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object.	1717	when AnyEvent::Handle has to create its own TLS connection object, or
		1718	a hash reference with C<< key => value >> pairs that will be used to
		1719	construct a new context.
1136		1720
1137	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >> after this	1721	The TLS connection object will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>, the TLS
1138	call and can be used or changed to your liking. Note that the handshake	1722	context in C<< $handle->{tls_ctx} >> after this call and can be used or
1139	might have already started when this function returns.	1723	changed to your liking. Note that the handshake might have already started
		1724	when this function returns.
1140		1725
		1726	Due to bugs in OpenSSL, it might or might not be possible to do multiple
		1727	handshakes on the same stream. Best do not attempt to use the stream after
		1728	stopping TLS.
		1729
1141	=cut	1730	=cut
		1731
		1732	our %TLS_CACHE; #TODO not yet documented, should we?
1142		1733
1143	sub starttls {	1734	sub starttls {
1144	my ($self, $ssl, $ctx) = @_;	1735	my ($self, $tls, $ctx) = @_;
1145		1736
1146	$self->stoptls;	1737	Carp::croak "It is an error to call starttls on an AnyEvent::Handle object while TLS is already active, caught"
		1738	if $self->{tls};
1147		1739
1148	if ($ssl eq "accept") {	1740	$self->{tls} = $tls;
1149	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1741	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx if @_ > 2;
1150	Net::SSLeay::set_accept_state ($ssl);	1742
1151	} elsif ($ssl eq "connect") {	1743	return unless $self->{fh};
1152	$ssl = Net::SSLeay::new ($ctx || TLS_CTX ());	1744
1153	Net::SSLeay::set_connect_state ($ssl);	1745	require Net::SSLeay;
		1746
		1747	$ERROR_SYSCALL = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_SYSCALL ();
		1748	$ERROR_WANT_READ = Net::SSLeay::ERROR_WANT_READ ();
		1749
		1750	$tls = $self->{tls};
		1751	$ctx = $self->{tls_ctx};
		1752
		1753	local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; # skip ourselves when creating a new context or session
		1754
		1755	if ("HASH" eq ref $ctx) {
		1756	require AnyEvent::TLS;
		1757
		1758	if ($ctx->{cache}) {
		1759	my $key = $ctx+0;
		1760	$ctx = $TLS_CACHE{$key} ||= new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1761	} else {
		1762	$ctx = new AnyEvent::TLS %$ctx;
		1763	}
		1764	}
1154	}	1765
1155		1766	$self->{tls_ctx} = $ctx || TLS_CTX ();
1156	$self->{tls} = $ssl;	1767	$self->{tls} = $tls = $self->{tls_ctx}->_get_session ($tls, $self, $self->{peername});
1157		1768
1158	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)	1769	# basically, this is deep magic (because SSL_read should have the same issues)
1159	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".	1770	# but the openssl maintainers basically said: "trust us, it just works".
1160	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned	1771	# (unfortunately, we have to hardcode constants because the abysmally misdesigned
1161	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).	1772	# and mismaintained ssleay-module doesn't even offer them).
1162	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html	1773	# http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-dev@openssl.org/msg22420.html
		1774	#
		1775	# in short: this is a mess.
		1776	#
		1777	# note that we do not try to keep the length constant between writes as we are required to do.
		1778	# we assume that most (but not all) of this insanity only applies to non-blocking cases,
		1779	# and we drive openssl fully in blocking mode here. Or maybe we don't - openssl seems to
		1780	# have identity issues in that area.
1163	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($self->{tls},	1781	# Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($ssl,
1164	(eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)	1782	# (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE () } || 1)
1165	| (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));	1783	# | (eval { local $SIG{__DIE__}; Net::SSLeay::MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER () } || 2));
		1784	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_mode ($tls, 1|2);
1166		1785
1167	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1786	$self->{_rbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1168	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());	1787	$self->{_wbio} = Net::SSLeay::BIO_new (Net::SSLeay::BIO_s_mem ());
1169		1788
		1789	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($self->{_rbio}, delete $self->{rbuf});
		1790
1170	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($ssl, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});	1791	Net::SSLeay::set_bio ($tls, $self->{_rbio}, $self->{_wbio});
1171		1792
1172	$self->{filter_w} = sub {	1793	$self->{_on_starttls} = sub { $_[0]{on_starttls}(@_) }
1173	$_[0]{_tls_wbuf} .= ${$_[1]};	1794	if $self->{on_starttls};
1174	&_dotls;	1795
1175	};	1796	&_dotls; # need to trigger the initial handshake
1176	$self->{filter_r} = sub {	1797	$self->start_read; # make sure we actually do read
1177	Net::SSLeay::BIO_write ($_[0]{_rbio}, ${$_[1]});
1178	&_dotls;
1179	};
1180	}	1798	}
1181		1799
1182	=item $handle->stoptls	1800	=item $handle->stoptls
1183		1801
1184	Destroys the SSL connection, if any. Partial read or write data will be	1802	Shuts down the SSL connection - this makes a proper EOF handshake by
1185	lost.	1803	sending a close notify to the other side, but since OpenSSL doesn't
		1804	support non-blocking shut downs, it is not guarenteed that you can re-use
		1805	the stream afterwards.
1186		1806
1187	=cut	1807	=cut
1188		1808
1189	sub stoptls {	1809	sub stoptls {
1190	my ($self) = @_;	1810	my ($self) = @_;
1191		1811
1192	Net::SSLeay::free (delete $self->{tls}) if $self->{tls};	1812	if ($self->{tls}) {
		1813	Net::SSLeay::shutdown ($self->{tls});
1193		1814
1194	delete $self->{_rbio};	1815	&_dotls;
1195	delete $self->{_wbio};	1816
1196	delete $self->{_tls_wbuf};	1817	# # we don't give a shit. no, we do, but we can't. no...#d#
1197	delete $self->{filter_r};	1818	# # we, we... have to use openssl :/#d#
1198	delete $self->{filter_w};	1819	# &_freetls;#d#
		1820	}
		1821	}
		1822
		1823	sub _freetls {
		1824	my ($self) = @_;
		1825
		1826	return unless $self->{tls};
		1827
		1828	$self->{tls_ctx}->_put_session (delete $self->{tls})
		1829	if $self->{tls} > 0;
		1830
		1831	delete @$self{qw(_rbio _wbio _tls_wbuf _on_starttls)};
1199	}	1832	}
1200		1833
1201	sub DESTROY {	1834	sub DESTROY {
1202	my $self = shift;	1835	my ($self) = @_;
1203		1836
1204	$self->stoptls;	1837	&_freetls;
		1838
		1839	my $linger = exists $self->{linger} ? $self->{linger} : 3600;
		1840
		1841	if ($linger && length $self->{wbuf} && $self->{fh}) {
		1842	my $fh = delete $self->{fh};
		1843	my $wbuf = delete $self->{wbuf};
		1844
		1845	my @linger;
		1846
		1847	push @linger, AE::io $fh, 1, sub {
		1848	my $len = syswrite $fh, $wbuf, length $wbuf;
		1849
		1850	if ($len > 0) {
		1851	substr $wbuf, 0, $len, "";
		1852	} else {
		1853	@linger = (); # end
		1854	}
		1855	};
		1856	push @linger, AE::timer $linger, 0, sub {
		1857	@linger = ();
		1858	};
		1859	}
		1860	}
		1861
		1862	=item $handle->destroy
		1863
		1864	Shuts down the handle object as much as possible - this call ensures that
		1865	no further callbacks will be invoked and as many resources as possible
		1866	will be freed. Any method you will call on the handle object after
		1867	destroying it in this way will be silently ignored (and it will return the
		1868	empty list).
		1869
		1870	Normally, you can just "forget" any references to an AnyEvent::Handle
		1871	object and it will simply shut down. This works in fatal error and EOF
		1872	callbacks, as well as code outside. It does I<NOT> work in a read or write
		1873	callback, so when you want to destroy the AnyEvent::Handle object from
		1874	within such an callback. You I<MUST> call C<< ->destroy >> explicitly in
		1875	that case.
		1876
		1877	Destroying the handle object in this way has the advantage that callbacks
		1878	will be removed as well, so if those are the only reference holders (as
		1879	is common), then one doesn't need to do anything special to break any
		1880	reference cycles.
		1881
		1882	The handle might still linger in the background and write out remaining
		1883	data, as specified by the C<linger> option, however.
		1884
		1885	=cut
		1886
		1887	sub destroy {
		1888	my ($self) = @_;
		1889
		1890	$self->DESTROY;
		1891	%$self = ();
		1892	bless $self, "AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed";
		1893	}
		1894
		1895	sub AnyEvent::Handle::destroyed::AUTOLOAD {
		1896	#nop
1205	}	1897	}
1206		1898
1207	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX	1899	=item AnyEvent::Handle::TLS_CTX
1208		1900
1209	This function creates and returns the Net::SSLeay::CTX object used by	1901	This function creates and returns the AnyEvent::TLS object used by default
1210	default for TLS mode.	1902	for TLS mode.
1211		1903
1212	The context is created like this:	1904	The context is created by calling L<AnyEvent::TLS> without any arguments.
1213
1214	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings;
1215	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms;
1216	Net::SSLeay::randomize;
1217
1218	my $CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new;
1219
1220	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options $CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL
1221		1905
1222	=cut	1906	=cut
1223		1907
1224	our $TLS_CTX;	1908	our $TLS_CTX;
1225		1909
1226	sub TLS_CTX() {	1910	sub TLS_CTX() {
1227	$TLS_CTX || do {	1911	$TLS_CTX ||= do {
1228	require Net::SSLeay;	1912	require AnyEvent::TLS;
1229		1913
1230	Net::SSLeay::load_error_strings ();	1914	new AnyEvent::TLS
1231	Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_add_ssl_algorithms ();
1232	Net::SSLeay::randomize ();
1233
1234	$TLS_CTX = Net::SSLeay::CTX_new ();
1235
1236	Net::SSLeay::CTX_set_options ($TLS_CTX, Net::SSLeay::OP_ALL ());
1237
1238	$TLS_CTX
1239	}	1915	}
1240	}	1916	}
1241		1917
1242	=back	1918	=back
		1919
		1920
		1921	=head1 NONFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		1922
		1923	=over 4
		1924
		1925	=item I C<undef> the AnyEvent::Handle reference inside my callback and
		1926	still get further invocations!
		1927
		1928	That's because AnyEvent::Handle keeps a reference to itself when handling
		1929	read or write callbacks.
		1930
		1931	It is only safe to "forget" the reference inside EOF or error callbacks,
		1932	from within all other callbacks, you need to explicitly call the C<<
		1933	->destroy >> method.
		1934
		1935	=item I get different callback invocations in TLS mode/Why can't I pause
		1936	reading?
		1937
		1938	Unlike, say, TCP, TLS connections do not consist of two independent
		1939	communication channels, one for each direction. Or put differently. The
		1940	read and write directions are not independent of each other: you cannot
		1941	write data unless you are also prepared to read, and vice versa.
		1942
		1943	This can mean than, in TLS mode, you might get C<on_error> or C<on_eof>
		1944	callback invocations when you are not expecting any read data - the reason
		1945	is that AnyEvent::Handle always reads in TLS mode.
		1946
		1947	During the connection, you have to make sure that you always have a
		1948	non-empty read-queue, or an C<on_read> watcher. At the end of the
		1949	connection (or when you no longer want to use it) you can call the
		1950	C<destroy> method.
		1951
		1952	=item How do I read data until the other side closes the connection?
		1953
		1954	If you just want to read your data into a perl scalar, the easiest way
		1955	to achieve this is by setting an C<on_read> callback that does nothing,
		1956	clearing the C<on_eof> callback and in the C<on_error> callback, the data
		1957	will be in C<$_[0]{rbuf}>:
		1958
		1959	$handle->on_read (sub { });
		1960	$handle->on_eof (undef);
		1961	$handle->on_error (sub {
		1962	my $data = delete $_[0]{rbuf};
		1963	});
		1964
		1965	The reason to use C<on_error> is that TCP connections, due to latencies
		1966	and packets loss, might get closed quite violently with an error, when in
		1967	fact, all data has been received.
		1968
		1969	It is usually better to use acknowledgements when transferring data,
		1970	to make sure the other side hasn't just died and you got the data
		1971	intact. This is also one reason why so many internet protocols have an
		1972	explicit QUIT command.
		1973
		1974	=item I don't want to destroy the handle too early - how do I wait until
		1975	all data has been written?
		1976
		1977	After writing your last bits of data, set the C<on_drain> callback
		1978	and destroy the handle in there - with the default setting of
		1979	C<low_water_mark> this will be called precisely when all data has been
		1980	written to the socket:
		1981
		1982	$handle->push_write (...);
		1983	$handle->on_drain (sub {
		1984	warn "all data submitted to the kernel\n";
		1985	undef $handle;
		1986	});
		1987
		1988	If you just want to queue some data and then signal EOF to the other side,
		1989	consider using C<< ->push_shutdown >> instead.
		1990
		1991	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I don't care about security.
		1992
		1993	If your TLS server is a pure TLS server (e.g. HTTPS) that only speaks TLS,
		1994	simply connect to it and then create the AnyEvent::Handle with the C<tls>
		1995	parameter:
		1996
		1997	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		1998	my ($fh) = @_;
		1999
		2000	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2001	fh => $fh,
		2002	tls => "connect",
		2003	on_error => sub { ... };
		2004
		2005	$handle->push_write (...);
		2006	};
		2007
		2008	=item I want to contact a TLS/SSL server, I do care about security.
		2009
		2010	Then you should additionally enable certificate verification, including
		2011	peername verification, if the protocol you use supports it (see
		2012	L<AnyEvent::TLS>, C<verify_peername>).
		2013
		2014	E.g. for HTTPS:
		2015
		2016	tcp_connect $host, $port, sub {
		2017	my ($fh) = @_;
		2018
		2019	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2020	fh => $fh,
		2021	peername => $host,
		2022	tls => "connect",
		2023	tls_ctx => { verify => 1, verify_peername => "https" },
		2024	...
		2025
		2026	Note that you must specify the hostname you connected to (or whatever
		2027	"peername" the protocol needs) as the C<peername> argument, otherwise no
		2028	peername verification will be done.
		2029
		2030	The above will use the system-dependent default set of trusted CA
		2031	certificates. If you want to check against a specific CA, add the
		2032	C<ca_file> (or C<ca_cert>) arguments to C<tls_ctx>:
		2033
		2034	tls_ctx => {
		2035	verify => 1,
		2036	verify_peername => "https",
		2037	ca_file => "my-ca-cert.pem",
		2038	},
		2039
		2040	=item I want to create a TLS/SSL server, how do I do that?
		2041
		2042	Well, you first need to get a server certificate and key. You have
		2043	three options: a) ask a CA (buy one, use cacert.org etc.) b) create a
		2044	self-signed certificate (cheap. check the search engine of your choice,
		2045	there are many tutorials on the net) or c) make your own CA (tinyca2 is a
		2046	nice program for that purpose).
		2047
		2048	Then create a file with your private key (in PEM format, see
		2049	L<AnyEvent::TLS>), followed by the certificate (also in PEM format). The
		2050	file should then look like this:
		2051
		2052	-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2053	...header data
		2054	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2055	-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
		2056
		2057	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
		2058	... lots of base64'y-stuff
		2059	-----END CERTIFICATE-----
		2060
		2061	The important bits are the "PRIVATE KEY" and "CERTIFICATE" parts. Then
		2062	specify this file as C<cert_file>:
		2063
		2064	tcp_server undef, $port, sub {
		2065	my ($fh) = @_;
		2066
		2067	my $handle = new AnyEvent::Handle
		2068	fh => $fh,
		2069	tls => "accept",
		2070	tls_ctx => { cert_file => "my-server-keycert.pem" },
		2071	...
		2072
		2073	When you have intermediate CA certificates that your clients might not
		2074	know about, just append them to the C<cert_file>.
		2075
		2076	=back
		2077
1243		2078
1244	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle	2079	=head1 SUBCLASSING AnyEvent::Handle
1245		2080
1246	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.	2081	In many cases, you might want to subclass AnyEvent::Handle.
1247		2082
…		…
1251	=over 4	2086	=over 4
1252		2087
1253	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.	2088	=item * all constructor arguments become object members.
1254		2089
1255	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it	2090	At least initially, when you pass a C<tls>-argument to the constructor it
1256	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changes or	2091	will end up in C<< $handle->{tls} >>. Those members might be changed or
1257	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).	2092	mutated later on (for example C<tls> will hold the TLS connection object).
1258		2093
1259	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.	2094	=item * other object member names are prefixed with an C<_>.
1260		2095
1261	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed	2096	All object members not explicitly documented (internal use) are prefixed

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