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Revision 1.26 by root, Tue Dec 21 19:14:56 2010 UTC vs.
Revision 1.35 by root, Thu Feb 10 22:44:29 2011 UTC

313 313
314=head3 OPTION PROCESSING 314=head3 OPTION PROCESSING
315 315
316All options can be given as arguments on the command line (typically 316All options can be given as arguments on the command line (typically
317using long (e.g. C<--verbose>) or short option (e.g. C<-v>) style). Since 317using long (e.g. C<--verbose>) or short option (e.g. C<-v>) style). Since
318specifying a lot of modules can make the command line very cumbersome, you 318specifying a lot of options can make the command line very long and
319can put all long options into a "bundle specification file" (one option 319unwieldy, you can put all long options into a "bundle specification file"
320per line, with or without C<--> prefix) and specify this bundle file 320(one option per line, with or without C<--> prefix) and specify this
321instead. 321bundle file instead.
322 322
323For example, the command given earlier could also look like this: 323For example, the command given earlier to link a new F<perl> could also
324look like this:
324 325
325 staticperl mkperl httpd.bundle 326 staticperl mkperl httpd.bundle
326 327
327And all options could be in F<httpd.bundle>: 328With all options stored in the F<httpd.bundle> file (one option per line,
328 329everything after the option is an argument):
330
329 use "Config_heavy.pl" 331 use "Config_heavy.pl"
330 use AnyEvent::Impl::Perl 332 use AnyEvent::Impl::Perl
331 use AnyEvent::HTTPD 333 use AnyEvent::HTTPD
332 use URI::http 334 use URI::http
333 add eg/httpd httpd.pm 335 add eg/httpd httpd.pm
334 336
335All options that specify modules or files to be added are processed in the 337All options that specify modules or files to be added are processed in the
336order given on the command line. 338order given on the command line.
337 339
338=head3 BUNDLE CREATION WORKFLOW 340=head3 BUNDLE CREATION WORKFLOW / STATICPELR MKBUNDLE OPTIONS
339 341
340F<staticperl mkbundle> works by first assembling a list of candidate 342F<staticperl mkbundle> works by first assembling a list of candidate
341files and modules to include, then filtering them by include/exclude 343files and modules to include, then filtering them by include/exclude
342patterns. The remaining modules (together with their direct depdendencies, 344patterns. The remaining modules (together with their direct dependencies,
343such as link libraries and AutoLoader files) are then converted into 345such as link libraries and L<AutoLoader> files) are then converted into
344bundle files suitable for embedding. Afterwards, F<staticperl mkbundle> 346bundle files suitable for embedding. F<staticperl mkbundle> can then
345can optionally build a new perl interpreter or a standalone application. 347optionally build a new perl interpreter or a standalone application.
346 348
347=over 4 349=over 4
348 350
349=item Step 0: Generic argument processing. 351=item Step 0: Generic argument processing.
350 352
351The following options influence F<staticperl mkbundle> itself. 353The following options influence F<staticperl mkbundle> itself.
352 354
353=over 4 355=over 4
354 356
355=item --verbose | -v 357=item C<--verbose> | C<-v>
356 358
357Increases the verbosity level by one (the default is C<1>). 359Increases the verbosity level by one (the default is C<1>).
358 360
359=item --quiet | -q 361=item C<--quiet> | C<-q>
360 362
361Decreases the verbosity level by one. 363Decreases the verbosity level by one.
362 364
363=item any other argument 365=item any other argument
364 366
365Any other argument is interpreted as a bundle specification file, which 367Any other argument is interpreted as a bundle specification file, which
366supports most long options (without extra quoting), one option per line. 368supports all options (without extra quoting), one option per line, in the
369format C<option> or C<option argument>. They will effectively be expanded
370and processed as if they were directly written on the command line, in
371place of the file name.
367 372
368=back 373=back
369 374
370=item Step 1: gather candidate files and modules 375=item Step 1: gather candidate files and modules
371 376
377=over 4 382=over 4
378 383
379=item C<--use> F<module> | C<-M>F<module> 384=item C<--use> F<module> | C<-M>F<module>
380 385
381Include the named module and trace direct dependencies. This is done by 386Include the named module and trace direct dependencies. This is done by
382C<require>'ing the module in a subprocess and tracing which other modules 387C<use>'ing the module from a fresh package in a subprocess and tracing
383and files it actually loads. 388which other modules and files it actually loads.
384 389
385Example: include AnyEvent and AnyEvent::Impl::Perl. 390Example: include AnyEvent and AnyEvent::Impl::Perl.
386 391
387 staticperl mkbundle --use AnyEvent --use AnyEvent::Impl::Perl 392 staticperl mkbundle --use AnyEvent --use AnyEvent::Impl::Perl
388 393
389Sometimes you want to load old-style "perl libraries" (F<.pl> files), or 394Sometimes you want to load old-style "perl libraries" (F<.pl> files),
390maybe other weirdly named files. To do that, you need to quote the name in 395or maybe other weirdly named files. To do that, you need to quote
391single or double quotes. When given on the command line, you probably need 396the name in single or double quotes (this is because F<staticperl>
392to quote once more to avoid your shell interpreting it. Common cases that 397I<literally> just adds the string after the C<require> - which acts
393need this are F<Config_heavy.pl> and F<utf8_heavy.pl>. 398different when confronted with quoted vs. unquoted strings). When given on
399the command line, you probably need to quote once more to avoid your shell
400interpreting it. Common cases that need this are F<Config_heavy.pl> and
401F<utf8_heavy.pl>.
394 402
395Example: include the required files for F<perl -V> to work in all its 403Example: include the required files for F<perl -V> to work in all its
396glory (F<Config.pm> is included automatically by this). 404glory (F<Config.pm> is included automatically by this).
397 405
398 # bourne shell 406 # bourne shell
399 staticperl mkbundle --use '"Config_heavy.pl"' 407 staticperl mkbundle --use '"Config_heavy.pl"'
400 408
401 # bundle specification file 409 # bundle specification file
402 use "Config_heavy.pl" 410 use "Config_heavy.pl"
403 411
404The C<-M>module syntax is included as an alias that might be easier to 412The C<-M>module syntax is included as a convenience that might be easier
405remember than C<--use>. Or maybe it confuses people. Time will tell. Or 413to remember than C<--use> - it's the same switch as perl itself uses
414to load modules. Or maybe it confuses people. Time will tell. Or maybe
406maybe not. Sigh. 415not. Sigh.
407 416
408=item C<--eval> "perl code" | C<-e> "perl code" 417=item C<--eval> "perl code" | C<-e> "perl code"
409 418
410Sometimes it is easier (or necessary) to specify dependencies using perl 419Sometimes it is easier (or necessary) to specify dependencies using perl
411code, or maybe one of the modules you use need a special use statement. In 420code, or maybe one of the modules you use need a special use statement. In
412that case, you can use C<--eval> to execute some perl snippet or set some 421that case, you can use C<--eval> to execute some perl snippet or set some
413variables or whatever you need. All files C<require>'d or C<use>'d while 422variables or whatever you need. All files C<require>'d or C<use>'d while
414executing the snippet are included in the final bundle. 423executing the snippet are included in the final bundle.
415 424
416Keep in mind that F<mkbundle> will only C<require> the modules named 425Keep in mind that F<mkbundle> will not import any symbols from the modules
417by the C<--use> option, so do not expect the symbols from modules you 426named by the C<--use> option, so do not expect the symbols from modules
418C<--use>'d earlier on the command line to be available. 427you C<--use>'d earlier on the command line to be available.
419 428
420Example: force L<AnyEvent> to detect a backend and therefore include it 429Example: force L<AnyEvent> to detect a backend and therefore include it
421in the final bundle. 430in the final bundle.
422 431
423 staticperl mkbundle --eval 'use AnyEvent; AnyEvent::detect' 432 staticperl mkbundle --eval 'use AnyEvent; AnyEvent::detect'
450This is very useful to include "everything": 459This is very useful to include "everything":
451 460
452 --incglob '*' 461 --incglob '*'
453 462
454It is also useful for including perl libraries, or trees of those, such as 463It is also useful for including perl libraries, or trees of those, such as
455the unicode database files needed by some perl builtins, the regex engine 464the unicode database files needed by some perl built-ins, the regex engine
456and other modules. 465and other modules.
457 466
458 --incglob '/unicore/**.pl' 467 --incglob '/unicore/**.pl'
459 468
460=item C<--add> F<file> | C<--add> "F<file> alias" 469=item C<--add> F<file> | C<--add> "F<file> alias"
461 470
462Adds the given (perl) file into the bundle (and optionally call it 471Adds the given (perl) file into the bundle (and optionally call it
463"alias"). The F<file> is either an absolute path or a path relative to 472"alias"). The F<file> is either an absolute path or a path relative to the
464the current directory. If an alias is specified, then this is the name it 473current directory. If an alias is specified, then this is the name it will
465will use for C<@INC> searches, otherfile the F<file> will be used as the 474use for C<@INC> searches, otherwise the path F<file> will be used as the
466internal name. 475internal name.
467 476
468This switch is used to include extra files into the bundle. 477This switch is used to include extra files into the bundle.
469 478
470Example: embed the file F<httpd> in the current directory as F<httpd.pm> 479Example: embed the file F<httpd> in the current directory as F<httpd.pm>
471when creating the bundle. 480when creating the bundle.
472 481
473 staticperl mkperl --add "httpd httpd.pm" 482 staticperl mkperl --add "httpd httpd.pm"
483
484 # can be accessed via "use httpd"
485
486Example: add a file F<initcode> from the current directory.
487
488 staticperl mkperl --add 'initcode &initcode'
489
490 # can be accessed via "do '&initcode'"
474 491
475Example: add local files as extra modules in the bundle. 492Example: add local files as extra modules in the bundle.
476 493
477 # specification file 494 # specification file
478 add file1 myfiles/file1.pm 495 add file1 myfiles/file1.pm
488 505
489Just like C<--add>, except that it treats the file as binary and adds it 506Just like C<--add>, except that it treats the file as binary and adds it
490without any postprocessing (perl files might get stripped to reduce their 507without any postprocessing (perl files might get stripped to reduce their
491size). 508size).
492 509
493You should probably add a C</> prefix to avoid clashing with embedded perl 510If you specify an alias you should probably add a C<&> prefix to avoid
494files (whose paths do not start with C</>), and/or use a special directory 511clashing with embedded perl files (whose paths never start with C<&>),
495prefix, such as C</res/name>. 512and/or use a special directory prefix, such as C<&res/name>.
496 513
497You can later get a copy of these files by calling C<staticperl::find 514You can later get a copy of these files by calling C<staticperl::find
498"alias">. 515"alias">.
499 516
500An alternative way to embed binary files is to convert them to perl and 517An alternative way to embed binary files is to convert them to perl and
513 530
514=item Step 2: filter all files using C<--include> and C<--exclude> options. 531=item Step 2: filter all files using C<--include> and C<--exclude> options.
515 532
516After all candidate files and modules are added, they are I<filtered> 533After all candidate files and modules are added, they are I<filtered>
517by a combination of C<--include> and C<--exclude> patterns (there is an 534by a combination of C<--include> and C<--exclude> patterns (there is an
518implicit C<--include **> at the end, so if no filters are specified, all 535implicit C<--include *> at the end, so if no filters are specified, all
519files are included). 536files are included).
520 537
521All that this step does is potentially reduce the number of files that are 538All that this step does is potentially reduce the number of files that are
522to be included - no new files are added during this step. 539to be included - no new files are added during this step.
523 540
548that are added automatically. Only one (F<.packlist> files) is currently 565that are added automatically. Only one (F<.packlist> files) is currently
549optional and can be influenced, the others are always included: 566optional and can be influenced, the others are always included:
550 567
551=over 4 568=over 4
552 569
553=item C<--usepacklist> 570=item C<--usepacklists>
554 571
555Read F<.packlist> files for each distribution that happens to match a 572Read F<.packlist> files for each distribution that happens to match a
556module name you specified. Sounds weird, and it is, so expect semantics to 573module name you specified. Sounds weird, and it is, so expect semantics to
557change somehow in the future. 574change somehow in the future.
558 575
626Last not least, if you need accurate line numbers in error messages, 643Last not least, if you need accurate line numbers in error messages,
627or in the unlikely case where C<pod> is too slow, or some module gets 644or in the unlikely case where C<pod> is too slow, or some module gets
628mistreated, you can specify C<none> to not mangle included perl sources in 645mistreated, you can specify C<none> to not mangle included perl sources in
629any way. 646any way.
630 647
631=item --perl 648=item C<--perl>
632 649
633After writing out the bundle files, try to link a new perl interpreter. It 650After writing out the bundle files, try to link a new perl interpreter. It
634will be called F<perl> and will be left in the current working 651will be called F<perl> and will be left in the current working
635directory. The bundle files will be removed. 652directory. The bundle files will be removed.
636 653
641it will be even smaller than the standard perl interpreter as none of the 658it will be even smaller than the standard perl interpreter as none of the
642modules of the base distribution (such as L<Fcntl>) will be included. 659modules of the base distribution (such as L<Fcntl>) will be included.
643 660
644 staticperl mkperl -Mcommon::sense 661 staticperl mkperl -Mcommon::sense
645 662
646=item --app name 663=item C<--app> F<name>
647 664
648After writing out the bundle files, try to link a new standalone 665After writing out the bundle files, try to link a new standalone
649program. It will be called C<name>, and the bundle files get removed after 666program. It will be called C<name>, and the bundle files get removed after
650linking it. 667linking it.
651 668
655The difference to the (mutually exclusive) C<--perl> option is that the 672The difference to the (mutually exclusive) C<--perl> option is that the
656binary created by this option will not try to act as a perl interpreter - 673binary created by this option will not try to act as a perl interpreter -
657instead it will simply initialise the perl interpreter, clean it up and 674instead it will simply initialise the perl interpreter, clean it up and
658exit. 675exit.
659 676
660This means that, by default, it will do nothing but burna few CPU cycles 677This means that, by default, it will do nothing but burn a few CPU cycles
661- for it to do something useful you I<must> add some boot code, e.g. with 678- for it to do something useful you I<must> add some boot code, e.g. with
662the C<--boot> option. 679the C<--boot> option.
663 680
664Example: create a standalone perl binary called F<./myexe> that will 681Example: create a standalone perl binary called F<./myexe> that will
665execute F<appfile> when it is started. 682execute F<appfile> when it is started.
666 683
667 staticperl mkbundle --app myexe --boot appfile 684 staticperl mkbundle --app myexe --boot appfile
668 685
669=item --static 686=item C<--static>
670 687
671Add C<-static> to F<bundle.ldopts>, which means a fully static (if 688Add C<-static> to F<bundle.ldopts>, which means a fully static (if
672supported by the OS) executable will be created. This is not immensely 689supported by the OS) executable will be created. This is not immensely
673useful when just creating the bundle files, but is most useful when 690useful when just creating the bundle files, but is most useful when
674linking a binary with the C<--perl> or C<--app> options. 691linking a binary with the C<--perl> or C<--app> options.
681systems based on GNU libc don't really support it in a very usable 698systems based on GNU libc don't really support it in a very usable
682fashion either. Try uClibc if you want to create fully statically linked 699fashion either. Try uClibc if you want to create fully statically linked
683executables, or try the C<--staticlib> option to link only some libraries 700executables, or try the C<--staticlib> option to link only some libraries
684statically. 701statically.
685 702
686=item --staticlib libname 703=item C<--staticlib> libname
687 704
688When not linking fully statically, this option allows you to link specific 705When not linking fully statically, this option allows you to link specific
689libraries statically. What it does is simply replace all occurances of 706libraries statically. What it does is simply replace all occurrences of
690C<-llibname> with the GCC-specific C<-Wl,-Bstatic -llibname -Wl,-Bdynamic> 707C<-llibname> with the GCC-specific C<-Wl,-Bstatic -llibname -Wl,-Bdynamic>
691option. 708option.
692 709
693This will have no effect unless the library is actually linked against, 710This will have no effect unless the library is actually linked against,
694specifically, C<--staticlib> will not link against the named library 711specifically, C<--staticlib> will not link against the named library
695unless it would be linked against anyway. 712unless it would be linked against anyway.
696 713
697Example: link libcrypt statically into the binary. 714Example: link libcrypt statically into the final binary.
698 715
699 staticperl mkperl -MIO::AIO --staticlib crypt 716 staticperl mkperl -MIO::AIO --staticlib crypt
700 717
701 # ldopts might now contain: 718 # ldopts might now contain:
702 # -lm -Wl,-Bstatic -lcrypt -Wl,-Bdynamic -lpthread 719 # -lm -Wl,-Bstatic -lcrypt -Wl,-Bdynamic -lpthread
723=item Patterns not starting with F</> will be anchored at the end of the path. 740=item Patterns not starting with F</> will be anchored at the end of the path.
724 741
725That is, F<idna.pl> will match any file called F<idna.pl> anywhere in the 742That is, F<idna.pl> will match any file called F<idna.pl> anywhere in the
726hierarchy, but not any directories of the same name. 743hierarchy, but not any directories of the same name.
727 744
728=item A F<*> matches any single component. 745=item A F<*> matches anything within a single path component.
729 746
730That is, F</unicore/*.pl> would match all F<.pl> files directly inside 747That is, F</unicore/*.pl> would match all F<.pl> files directly inside
731C</unicore>, not any deeper level F<.pl> files. Or in other words, F<*> 748C</unicore>, not any deeper level F<.pl> files. Or in other words, F<*>
732will not match slashes. 749will not match slashes.
733 750
944A header file that contains the prototypes of the few symbols "exported" 961A header file that contains the prototypes of the few symbols "exported"
945by bundle.c, and also exposes the perl headers to the application. 962by bundle.c, and also exposes the perl headers to the application.
946 963
947=over 4 964=over 4
948 965
949=item staticperl_init () 966=item staticperl_init (xs_init = 0)
950 967
951Initialises the perl interpreter. You can use the normal perl functions 968Initialises the perl interpreter. You can use the normal perl functions
952after calling this function, for example, to define extra functions or 969after calling this function, for example, to define extra functions or
953to load a .pm file that contains some initialisation code, or the main 970to load a .pm file that contains some initialisation code, or the main
954program function: 971program function:
961 } 978 }
962 979
963 static void 980 static void
964 run_myapp(void) 981 run_myapp(void)
965 { 982 {
966 staticperl_init (); 983 staticperl_init (0);
967 newXSproto ("myapp::xsfunction", xsfunction, __FILE__, "$$;$"); 984 newXSproto ("myapp::xsfunction", xsfunction, __FILE__, "$$;$");
968 eval_pv ("require myapp::main", 1); // executes "myapp/main.pm" 985 eval_pv ("require myapp::main", 1); // executes "myapp/main.pm"
969 } 986 }
970 987
988When your bootcode already wants to access some XS functions at
989compiletime, then you need to supply an C<xs_init> function pointer that
990is called as soon as perl is initialised enough to define XS functions,
991but before the preamble code is executed:
992
993 static void
994 xs_init (pTHX)
995 {
996 newXSproto ("myapp::xsfunction", xsfunction, __FILE__, "$$;$");
997 }
998
999 static void
1000 run_myapp(void)
1001 {
1002 staticperl_init (xs_init);
1003 }
1004
1005=item staticperl_cleanup ()
1006
1007In the unlikely case that you want to destroy the perl interpreter, here
1008is the corresponding function.
1009
971=item staticperl_xs_init (pTHX) 1010=item staticperl_xs_init (pTHX)
972 1011
973Sometimes you need direct control over C<perl_parse> and C<perl_run>, in 1012Sometimes you need direct control over C<perl_parse> and C<perl_run>, in
974which case you do not want to use C<staticperl_init> but call them on your 1013which case you do not want to use C<staticperl_init> but call them on your
975own. 1014own.
976 1015
977Then you need this function - either pass it directly as the C<xs_init> 1016Then you need this function - either pass it directly as the C<xs_init>
978function to C<perl_parse>, or call it from your own C<xs_init> function. 1017function to C<perl_parse>, or call it as one of the first things from your
979 1018own C<xs_init> function.
980=item staticperl_cleanup ()
981
982In the unlikely case that you want to destroy the perl interpreter, here
983is the corresponding function.
984 1019
985=item PerlInterpreter *staticperl 1020=item PerlInterpreter *staticperl
986 1021
987The perl interpreter pointer used by staticperl. Not normally so useful, 1022The perl interpreter pointer used by staticperl. Not normally so useful,
988but there it is. 1023but there it is.
1024 1059
1025Returns the list of all paths embedded in this binary. 1060Returns the list of all paths embedded in this binary.
1026 1061
1027=back 1062=back
1028 1063
1029=head1 FULLY STATIC BINARIES - BUILDROOT 1064=head1 FULLY STATIC BINARIES - UCLIBC AND BUILDROOT
1030 1065
1031To make truly static (Linux-) libraries, you might want to have a look at 1066To make truly static (Linux-) libraries, you might want to have a look at
1032buildroot (L<http://buildroot.uclibc.org/>). 1067buildroot (L<http://buildroot.uclibc.org/>).
1033 1068
1034Buildroot is primarily meant to set up a cross-compile environment (which 1069Buildroot is primarily meant to set up a cross-compile environment (which
1106handling for those files), so including them on demand by your application 1141handling for those files), so including them on demand by your application
1107only might pay off. 1142only might pay off.
1108 1143
1109To simply include the whole unicode database, use: 1144To simply include the whole unicode database, use:
1110 1145
1111 --incglob '/unicore/*.pl' 1146 --incglob '/unicore/**.pl'
1112 1147
1113=item AnyEvent 1148=item AnyEvent
1114 1149
1115AnyEvent needs a backend implementation that it will load in a delayed 1150AnyEvent needs a backend implementation that it will load in a delayed
1116fashion. The L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl> backend is the default choice 1151fashion. The L<AnyEvent::Impl::Perl> backend is the default choice
1121 1156
1122If you want to handle IRIs or IDNs (L<AnyEvent::Util> punycode and idn 1157If you want to handle IRIs or IDNs (L<AnyEvent::Util> punycode and idn
1123functions), you also need to include C<"AnyEvent/Util/idna.pl"> and 1158functions), you also need to include C<"AnyEvent/Util/idna.pl"> and
1124C<"AnyEvent/Util/uts46data.pl">. 1159C<"AnyEvent/Util/uts46data.pl">.
1125 1160
1126Or you can use C<--usepacklist> and specify C<-MAnyEvent> to include 1161Or you can use C<--usepacklists> and specify C<-MAnyEvent> to include
1127everything. 1162everything.
1128 1163
1129=item Carp 1164=item Carp
1130 1165
1131Carp had (in older versions of perl) a dependency on L<Carp::Heavy>. As of 1166Carp had (in older versions of perl) a dependency on L<Carp::Heavy>. As of
1137turn might need L<"Config_heavy.pl">. Including the latter gives you 1172turn might need L<"Config_heavy.pl">. Including the latter gives you
1138both. 1173both.
1139 1174
1140=item Term::ReadLine::Perl 1175=item Term::ReadLine::Perl
1141 1176
1142Also needs L<Term::ReadLine::readline>, or C<--usepacklist>. 1177Also needs L<Term::ReadLine::readline>, or C<--usepacklists>.
1143 1178
1144=item URI 1179=item URI
1145 1180
1146URI implements schemes as separate modules - the generic URL scheme is 1181URI implements schemes as separate modules - the generic URL scheme is
1147implemented in L<URI::_generic>, HTTP is implemented in L<URI::http>. If 1182implemented in L<URI::_generic>, HTTP is implemented in L<URI::http>. If
1148you need to use any of these schemes, you should include these manually, 1183you need to use any of these schemes, you should include these manually,
1149or use C<--usepacklist>. 1184or use C<--usepacklists>.
1150 1185
1151=back 1186=back
1152 1187
1153=head2 RECIPES 1188=head2 RECIPES
1154 1189
1155=over 4 1190=over 4
1156 1191
1157=item Linking everything in 1192=item Just link everything in
1158 1193
1159To link just about everything installed in the perl library into a new 1194To link just about everything installed in the perl library into a new
1160perl, try this: 1195perl, try this (the first time this runs it will take a long time, as a
1196lot of files need to be parsed):
1161 1197
1162 staticperl mkperl --strip ppi --incglob '*' 1198 staticperl mkperl -v --strip ppi --incglob '*'
1163 1199
1200If you don't mind the extra megabytes, this can be a very effective way of
1201creating bundles without having to worry about forgetting any modules.
1202
1203You get even more useful variants of this method by first selecting
1204everything, and then excluding stuff you are reasonable sure not to need -
1205L<bigperl|http://staticperl.schmorp.de/bigperl.html> uses this approach.
1206
1164=item Getting rid of netdb function 1207=item Getting rid of netdb functions
1165 1208
1166The perl core has lots of netdb functions (C<getnetbyname>, C<getgrent> 1209The perl core has lots of netdb functions (C<getnetbyname>, C<getgrent>
1167and so on) that few applications use. You can avoid compiling them in by 1210and so on) that few applications use. You can avoid compiling them in by
1168putting the following fragment into a C<preconfigure> hook: 1211putting the following fragment into a C<preconfigure> hook:
1169 1212
1186 do 1229 do
1187 PERL_CONFIGURE="$PERL_CONFIGURE -U$sym" 1230 PERL_CONFIGURE="$PERL_CONFIGURE -U$sym"
1188 done 1231 done
1189 } 1232 }
1190 1233
1191This mostly gains space when linking staticaly, as the functions will 1234This mostly gains space when linking statically, as the functions will
1192likely not be linked in. The gain for dynamically-linked binaries is 1235likely not be linked in. The gain for dynamically-linked binaries is
1193smaller. 1236smaller.
1194 1237
1195Also, this leaves C<gethostbyname> in - not only is it actually used 1238Also, this leaves C<gethostbyname> in - not only is it actually used
1196often, the L<Socket> module also exposes it, so leaving it out usually 1239often, the L<Socket> module also exposes it, so leaving it out usually

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