1 | =head1 NAME |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | |
2 | |
3 | staticperl - perl, libc, 100 modules, all in one 500kb file |
3 | staticperl - perl, libc, 100 modules, all in one standalone 500kb file |
4 | |
4 | |
5 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
5 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
6 | |
6 | |
7 | staticperl help # print the embedded documentation |
7 | staticperl help # print the embedded documentation |
8 | staticperl fetch # fetch and unpack perl sources |
8 | staticperl fetch # fetch and unpack perl sources |
… | |
… | |
11 | staticperl install # build and then install perl |
11 | staticperl install # build and then install perl |
12 | staticperl clean # clean most intermediate files (restart at configure) |
12 | staticperl clean # clean most intermediate files (restart at configure) |
13 | staticperl distclean # delete everything installed by this script |
13 | staticperl distclean # delete everything installed by this script |
14 | staticperl perl ... # invoke the perlinterpreter |
14 | staticperl perl ... # invoke the perlinterpreter |
15 | staticperl cpan # invoke CPAN shell |
15 | staticperl cpan # invoke CPAN shell |
16 | staticperl instmod path... # install unpacked modules |
16 | staticperl instsrc path... # install unpacked modules |
17 | staticperl instcpan modulename... # install modules from CPAN |
17 | staticperl instcpan modulename... # install modules from CPAN |
18 | staticperl mkbundle <bundle-args...> # see documentation |
18 | staticperl mkbundle <bundle-args...> # see documentation |
19 | staticperl mkperl <bundle-args...> # see documentation |
19 | staticperl mkperl <bundle-args...> # see documentation |
20 | staticperl mkapp appname <bundle-args...> # see documentation |
20 | staticperl mkapp appname <bundle-args...> # see documentation |
21 | |
21 | |
… | |
… | |
84 | With F<staticperl>, the burden is mostly with the developer - only direct |
84 | With F<staticperl>, the burden is mostly with the developer - only direct |
85 | compile-time dependencies and L<AutoLoader> are handled automatically. |
85 | compile-time dependencies and L<AutoLoader> are handled automatically. |
86 | This means the modules to include often need to be tweaked manually. |
86 | This means the modules to include often need to be tweaked manually. |
87 | |
87 | |
88 | All this does not preclude more permissive modes to be implemented in |
88 | All this does not preclude more permissive modes to be implemented in |
89 | the future, but right now, you have to resolve state hidden dependencies |
89 | the future, but right now, you have to resolve hidden dependencies |
90 | manually. |
90 | manually. |
91 | |
91 | |
92 | =item * PAR works out of the box, F<staticperl> does not. |
92 | =item * PAR works out of the box, F<staticperl> does not. |
93 | |
93 | |
94 | Maintaining your own custom perl build can be a pain in the ass, and while |
94 | Maintaining your own custom perl build can be a pain in the ass, and while |
… | |
… | |
202 | =item F<staticperl cpan> [args...] |
202 | =item F<staticperl cpan> [args...] |
203 | |
203 | |
204 | Starts an interactive CPAN shell that you can use to install further |
204 | Starts an interactive CPAN shell that you can use to install further |
205 | modules. Installs the perl first if necessary, but apart from that, |
205 | modules. Installs the perl first if necessary, but apart from that, |
206 | no magic is involved: you could just as well run it manually via |
206 | no magic is involved: you could just as well run it manually via |
207 | F<~/.staticperl/perl/bin/cpan>. |
207 | F<~/.staticperl/perl/bin/cpan>, except that F<staticperl> additionally |
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208 | sets the environment variable C<$PERL> to the path of the perl |
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209 | interpreter, which is handy in subshells. |
208 | |
210 | |
209 | Any additional arguments are simply passed to the F<cpan> command. |
211 | Any additional arguments are simply passed to the F<cpan> command. |
210 | |
212 | |
211 | =item F<staticperl instcpan> module... |
213 | =item F<staticperl instcpan> module... |
212 | |
214 | |
… | |
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346 | add eg/httpd httpd.pm |
348 | add eg/httpd httpd.pm |
347 | |
349 | |
348 | All options that specify modules or files to be added are processed in the |
350 | All options that specify modules or files to be added are processed in the |
349 | order given on the command line. |
351 | order given on the command line. |
350 | |
352 | |
351 | =head3 BUNDLE CREATION WORKFLOW / STATICPELR MKBUNDLE OPTIONS |
353 | =head3 BUNDLE CREATION WORKFLOW / STATICPERL MKBUNDLE OPTIONS |
352 | |
354 | |
353 | F<staticperl mkbundle> works by first assembling a list of candidate |
355 | F<staticperl mkbundle> works by first assembling a list of candidate |
354 | files and modules to include, then filtering them by include/exclude |
356 | files and modules to include, then filtering them by include/exclude |
355 | patterns. The remaining modules (together with their direct dependencies, |
357 | patterns. The remaining modules (together with their direct dependencies, |
356 | such as link libraries and L<AutoLoader> files) are then converted into |
358 | such as link libraries and L<AutoLoader> files) are then converted into |
… | |
… | |
541 | # then later, in perl, use |
543 | # then later, in perl, use |
542 | use myfiles::file1; |
544 | use myfiles::file1; |
543 | require myfiles::file2; |
545 | require myfiles::file2; |
544 | my $res = do "myfiles/file3.pl"; |
546 | my $res = do "myfiles/file3.pl"; |
545 | |
547 | |
546 | =item C<--binadd> F<file> | C<--add> "F<file> alias" |
548 | =item C<--addbin> F<file> | C<--addbin> "F<file> alias" |
547 | |
549 | |
548 | Just like C<--add>, except that it treats the file as binary and adds it |
550 | Just like C<--add>, except that it treats the file as binary and adds it |
549 | without any postprocessing (perl files might get stripped to reduce their |
551 | without any postprocessing (perl files might get stripped to reduce their |
550 | size). |
552 | size). |
551 | |
553 | |
552 | If you specify an alias you should probably add a C<&> prefix to avoid |
554 | If you specify an alias you should probably add a C</> prefix to avoid |
553 | clashing with embedded perl files (whose paths never start with C<&>), |
555 | clashing with embedded perl files (whose paths never start with C</>), |
554 | and/or use a special directory prefix, such as C<&res/name>. |
556 | and/or use a special directory prefix, such as C</res/name>. |
555 | |
557 | |
556 | You can later get a copy of these files by calling C<staticperl::find |
558 | You can later get a copy of these files by calling C<static::find |
557 | "alias">. |
559 | "alias">. |
558 | |
560 | |
559 | An alternative way to embed binary files is to convert them to perl and |
561 | An alternative way to embed binary files is to convert them to perl and |
560 | use C<do> to get the contents - this method is a bit cumbersome, but works |
562 | use C<do> to get the contents - this method is a bit cumbersome, but works |
561 | both inside and outside of a staticperl bundle: |
563 | both inside and outside of a staticperl bundle, without extra ado: |
562 | |
564 | |
563 | # a "binary" file, call it "bindata.pl" |
565 | # a "binary" file, call it "bindata.pl" |
564 | <<'SOME_MARKER' |
566 | <<'SOME_MARKER' |
565 | binary data NOT containing SOME_MARKER |
567 | binary data NOT containing SOME_MARKER |
566 | SOME_MARKER |
568 | SOME_MARKER |
567 | |
569 | |
568 | # load the binary |
570 | # load the binary |
569 | chomp (my $data = do "bindata.pl"); |
571 | chomp (my $data = do "bindata.pl"); |
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572 | |
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573 | =item C<--allow-dynamic> |
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574 | |
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|
575 | By default, when F<mkbundle> hits a dynamic perl extension (e.g. a F<.so> |
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576 | or F<.dll> file), it will stop with a fatal error. |
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577 | |
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578 | When this option is enabled, F<mkbundle> packages the shared |
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579 | object into the bundle instead, with a prefix of F<!> |
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580 | (e.g. F<!auto/List/Util/Util.so>). What you do with that is currently up |
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581 | to you, F<staticperl> has no special support for this at the moment, apart |
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582 | from working around the lack of availability of F<PerlIO::scalar> while |
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583 | bootstrapping, at a speed cost. |
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584 | |
|
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585 | One way to deal with this is to write all files starting with F<!> into |
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586 | some directory and then C<unshift> that path onto C<@INC>. |
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587 | |
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588 | #TODO: example |
570 | |
589 | |
571 | =back |
590 | =back |
572 | |
591 | |
573 | =item Step 2: filter all files using C<--include> and C<--exclude> options. |
592 | =item Step 2: filter all files using C<--include> and C<--exclude> options. |
574 | |
593 | |
… | |
… | |
733 | standalone applications, and this option removes those known to cause |
752 | standalone applications, and this option removes those known to cause |
734 | trouble. |
753 | trouble. |
735 | |
754 | |
736 | Specifically, these are removed: |
755 | Specifically, these are removed: |
737 | |
756 | |
738 | C<PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG> and C<PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS> can cause underaible |
757 | C<PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG> and C<PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS> can cause undesirable |
739 | output, C<PERL5OPT>, C<PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL>, C<PERL_HASH_SEED> and |
758 | output, C<PERL5OPT>, C<PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL>, C<PERL_HASH_SEED> and |
740 | C<PERL_SIGNALS> can alter execution significantly, and C<PERL_UNICODE>, |
759 | C<PERL_SIGNALS> can alter execution significantly, and C<PERL_UNICODE>, |
741 | C<PERLIO_DEBUG> and C<PERLIO> can affect input and output. |
760 | C<PERLIO_DEBUG> and C<PERLIO> can affect input and output. |
742 | |
761 | |
743 | The variables C<PERL_LIB> and C<PERL5_LIB> are always ignored because the |
762 | The variables C<PERL_LIB> and C<PERL5_LIB> are always ignored because the |
… | |
… | |
897 | about as big as 5.12.3). |
916 | about as big as 5.12.3). |
898 | |
917 | |
899 | =item C<PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT>, C<EV_EXTRA_DEFS>, ... |
918 | =item C<PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT>, C<EV_EXTRA_DEFS>, ... |
900 | |
919 | |
901 | Usually set to C<1> to make modules "less inquisitive" during their |
920 | Usually set to C<1> to make modules "less inquisitive" during their |
902 | installation, you can set any environment variable you want - some modules |
921 | installation. You can set (and export!) any environment variable you want |
903 | (such as L<Coro> or L<EV>) use environment variables for further tweaking. |
922 | - some modules (such as L<Coro> or L<EV>) use environment variables for |
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923 | further tweaking. |
904 | |
924 | |
905 | =item C<PERL_PREFIX> |
925 | =item C<PERL_PREFIX> |
906 | |
926 | |
907 | The prefix where perl gets installed (default: F<$STATICPERL/perl>), |
927 | The directory where perl gets installed (default: F<$STATICPERL/perl>), |
908 | i.e. where the F<bin> and F<lib> subdirectories will end up. |
928 | i.e. where the F<bin> and F<lib> subdirectories will end up. Previous |
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929 | contents will be removed on installation. |
909 | |
930 | |
910 | =item C<PERL_CONFIGURE> |
931 | =item C<PERL_CONFIGURE> |
911 | |
932 | |
912 | Additional Configure options - these are simply passed to the perl |
933 | Additional Configure options - these are simply passed to the perl |
913 | Configure script. For example, if you wanted to enable dynamic loading, |
934 | Configure script. For example, if you wanted to enable dynamic loading, |
… | |
… | |
929 | F<~/.staticperlrc> to override them. |
950 | F<~/.staticperlrc> to override them. |
930 | |
951 | |
931 | Most of the variables override (or modify) the corresponding F<Configure> |
952 | Most of the variables override (or modify) the corresponding F<Configure> |
932 | variable, except C<PERL_CCFLAGS>, which gets appended. |
953 | variable, except C<PERL_CCFLAGS>, which gets appended. |
933 | |
954 | |
934 | You should have a look near the beginning of the F<staticperl> script - |
955 | The default for C<PERL_OPTIMIZE> is C<-Os> (assuming gcc), and for |
935 | staticperl tries to default C<PERL_OPTIMIZE> to some psace-saving options |
956 | C<PERL_LIBS> is C<-lm -lcrypt>, which should be good for most (but not |
936 | suitable for newer gcc versions. For other compilers or older versions you |
957 | all) systems. |
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958 | |
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959 | For other compilers or more customised optimisation settings, you need to |
937 | need to adjust these, for example, in your F<~/.staticperlrc>. |
960 | adjust these, e.g. in your F<~/.staticperlrc>. |
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961 | |
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962 | With gcc on x86 and amd64, you can get more space-savings by using: |
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963 | |
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964 | -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -finline-limit=8 -mpush-args |
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965 | -mno-inline-stringops-dynamically -mno-align-stringops |
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966 | |
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967 | And on x86 and pentium3 and newer (basically everything you might ever |
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968 | want to run on), adding these is even better for space-savings (use |
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969 | -mtune=core2 or something newer for much faster code, too): |
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970 | |
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971 | -fomit-frame-pointer -march=pentium3 -mtune=i386 |
938 | |
972 | |
939 | =back |
973 | =back |
940 | |
974 | |
941 | =head4 Variables you probably I<do not want> to override |
975 | =head4 Variables you probably I<do not want> to override |
942 | |
976 | |
… | |
… | |
1121 | |
1155 | |
1122 | =back |
1156 | =back |
1123 | |
1157 | |
1124 | =head1 RUNTIME FUNCTIONALITY |
1158 | =head1 RUNTIME FUNCTIONALITY |
1125 | |
1159 | |
1126 | Binaries created with C<mkbundle>/C<mkperl> contain extra functions, which |
1160 | Binaries created with C<mkbundle>/C<mkperl> contain extra functionality, |
1127 | are required to access the bundled perl sources, but might be useful for |
1161 | mostly related to the extra files bundled in the binary (the virtual |
1128 | other purposes. |
1162 | filesystem). All of this data is statically compiled into the binary, and |
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1163 | accessing means copying it from a read-only section of your binary. Data |
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1164 | pages in this way is usually freed by the operating system, as it isn't |
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1165 | use more the onace. |
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1166 | |
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1167 | =head2 VIRTUAL FILESYSTEM |
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1168 | |
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1169 | Every bundle has a virtual filesystem. The only information stored in it |
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1170 | is the path and contents of each file that was bundled. |
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1171 | |
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1172 | =head3 LAYOUT |
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1173 | |
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1174 | Any path starting with an ampersand (F<&>) or exclamation mark (F<!>) are |
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1175 | reserved by F<staticperl>. They must only be used as described in this |
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1176 | section. |
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1177 | |
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1178 | =over 4 |
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1179 | |
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1180 | =item ! |
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1181 | |
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1182 | All files that typically cannot be loaded from memory (such as dynamic |
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1183 | objects or shared libraries), but have to reside in the filesystem, are |
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1184 | prefixed with F<!>. Typically these files get written out to some |
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1185 | (semi-)temporary directory shortly after program startup, or before being |
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1186 | used. |
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1187 | |
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1188 | =item !boot |
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1189 | |
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1190 | The bootstrap file, if specified during bundling. |
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1191 | |
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1192 | =item !auto/ |
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1193 | |
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1194 | Shared objects or dlls corresponding to dynamically-linked perl extensions |
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1195 | are stored with an F<!auto/> prefix. |
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1196 | |
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1197 | =item !lib/ |
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1198 | |
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1199 | External shared libraries are stored in this directory. |
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1200 | |
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1201 | =item any letter |
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1202 | |
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1203 | Any path starting with a letter is a perl library file. For example, |
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1204 | F<Coro/AIO.pm> corresponds to the file loaded by C<use Coro::AIO>, and |
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1205 | F<Coro/jit.pl> corresponds to C<require "Coro/jit.pl">. |
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1206 | |
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1207 | Obviously, module names shouldn't start with any other characters than |
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1208 | letters :) |
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1209 | |
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1210 | =back |
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1211 | |
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1212 | =head3 FUNCTIONS |
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1213 | |
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1214 | =over 4 |
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1215 | |
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1216 | =item $file = static::find $path |
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1217 | |
|
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1218 | Returns the data associated with the given C<$path> |
|
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1219 | (e.g. C<Digest/MD5.pm>, C<auto/POSIX/autosplit.ix>). |
|
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1220 | |
|
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1221 | Returns C<undef> if the file isn't embedded. |
|
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1222 | |
|
|
1223 | =item @paths = static::list |
|
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1224 | |
|
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1225 | Returns the list of all paths embedded in this binary. |
|
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1226 | |
|
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1227 | =back |
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1228 | |
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1229 | =head2 EXTRA FEATURES |
1129 | |
1230 | |
1130 | In addition, for the embedded loading of perl files to work, F<staticperl> |
1231 | In addition, for the embedded loading of perl files to work, F<staticperl> |
1131 | overrides the C<@INC> array. |
1232 | overrides the C<@INC> array. |
1132 | |
|
|
1133 | =over 4 |
|
|
1134 | |
|
|
1135 | =item $file = staticperl::find $path |
|
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1136 | |
|
|
1137 | Returns the data associated with the given C<$path> |
|
|
1138 | (e.g. C<Digest/MD5.pm>, C<auto/POSIX/autosplit.ix>), which is basically |
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1139 | the UNIX path relative to the perl library directory. |
|
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1140 | |
|
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1141 | Returns C<undef> if the file isn't embedded. |
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1142 | |
|
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1143 | =item @paths = staticperl::list |
|
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1144 | |
|
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1145 | Returns the list of all paths embedded in this binary. |
|
|
1146 | |
|
|
1147 | =back |
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1148 | |
1233 | |
1149 | =head1 FULLY STATIC BINARIES - UCLIBC AND BUILDROOT |
1234 | =head1 FULLY STATIC BINARIES - UCLIBC AND BUILDROOT |
1150 | |
1235 | |
1151 | To make truly static (Linux-) libraries, you might want to have a look at |
1236 | To make truly static (Linux-) libraries, you might want to have a look at |
1152 | buildroot (L<http://buildroot.uclibc.org/>). |
1237 | buildroot (L<http://buildroot.uclibc.org/>). |
… | |
… | |
1269 | C<MAN3PODS> to be empty via the C<PERL_MM_OPT> environment variable. |
1354 | C<MAN3PODS> to be empty via the C<PERL_MM_OPT> environment variable. |
1270 | |
1355 | |
1271 | =item Gtk2 |
1356 | =item Gtk2 |
1272 | |
1357 | |
1273 | See Pango, same problems, same solution. |
1358 | See Pango, same problems, same solution. |
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|
1359 | |
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|
1360 | =item Net::SSLeay |
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1361 | |
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1362 | This module hasn't been significantly updated since OpenSSL is called |
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1363 | OpenSSL, and fails to properly link against dependent libraries, most |
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1364 | commonly, it forgets to specify -ldl when linking. |
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1365 | |
|
|
1366 | On GNU/Linux systems this usually goes undetected, as perl usually links |
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1367 | against -ldl itself and OpenSSL just happens to pick it up that way, by |
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1368 | chance. |
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1369 | |
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1370 | For static builds, you either have to configure -ldl manually, or you |
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1371 | cna use the following snippet in your C<postinstall> hook which patches |
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1372 | Net::SSLeay after installation, which happens to work most of the time: |
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1373 | |
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1374 | postinstall() { |
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1375 | # first install it |
|
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1376 | instcpan Net::SSLeay |
|
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1377 | # then add -ldl for future linking |
|
|
1378 | chmod u+w "$PERL_PREFIX"/lib/auto/Net/SSLeay/extralibs.ld |
|
|
1379 | echo " -ldl" >>"$PERL_PREFIX"/lib/auto/Net/SSLeay/extralibs.ld |
|
|
1380 | } |
1274 | |
1381 | |
1275 | =item Pango |
1382 | =item Pango |
1276 | |
1383 | |
1277 | In addition to the C<MAN3PODS> problem in Glib, Pango also routes around |
1384 | In addition to the C<MAN3PODS> problem in Glib, Pango also routes around |
1278 | L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> by compiling its files on its own. F<staticperl> |
1385 | L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> by compiling its files on its own. F<staticperl> |