[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/Coro/Coro.pm

Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.41 by root, Tue Nov 6 20:34:09 2001 UTC vs.
Revision 1.90 by root, Thu Nov 30 18:21:14 2006 UTC

…		…
19	cede;	19	cede;
20		20
21	=head1 DESCRIPTION	21	=head1 DESCRIPTION
22		22
23	This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar to	23	This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar to
24	Threads but don't run in parallel.	24	threads but don't run in parallel.
25
26	This module is still experimental, see the BUGS section below.
27		25
28	In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables	26	In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables
29	+ @_ + $_ + $@ + $^W + C stack), that is, a coroutine has it's own	27	+ @_ + $_ + $@ + $^W + C stack), that is, a coroutine has it's own
30	callchain, it's own set of lexicals and it's own set of perl's most	28	callchain, it's own set of lexicals and it's own set of perl's most
31	important global variables.	29	important global variables.
32		30
33	=cut	31	=cut
34		32
35	package Coro;	33	package Coro;
36		34
		35	use strict;
37	no warnings qw(uninitialized);	36	no warnings "uninitialized";
38		37
39	use Coro::State;	38	use Coro::State;
40		39
41	use base Exporter;	40	use base qw(Coro::State Exporter);
42		41
43	$VERSION = 0.52;	42	our $idle; # idle handler
		43	our $main; # main coroutine
		44	our $current; # current coroutine
44		45
		46	our $VERSION = '3.0';
		47
45	@EXPORT = qw(async cede schedule terminate current);	48	our @EXPORT = qw(async cede schedule terminate current);
46	%EXPORT_TAGS = (	49	our %EXPORT_TAGS = (
47	prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)],	50	prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)],
48	);	51	);
49	@EXPORT_OK = @{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}};	52	our @EXPORT_OK = @{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}};
50		53
51	{	54	{
52	my @async;	55	my @async;
53	my $init;	56	my $init;
54		57
55	# this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;()	58	# this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;()
56	sub import {	59	sub import {
		60	no strict 'refs';
		61
57	Coro->export_to_level(1, @_);	62	Coro->export_to_level(1, @_);
		63
58	my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE};	64	my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE};
59	*{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"} = sub {	65	*{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"} = sub {
60	my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift);	66	my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift);
61	my @attrs;	67	my @attrs;
62	for (@_) {	68	for (@_) {
…		…
77	};	83	};
78	}	84	}
79		85
80	}	86	}
81		87
		88	=over 4
		89
82	=item $main	90	=item $main
83		91
84	This coroutine represents the main program.	92	This coroutine represents the main program.
85		93
86	=cut	94	=cut
87		95
88	our $main = new Coro;	96	$main = new Coro;
89		97
90	=item $current (or as function: current)	98	=item $current (or as function: current)
91		99
92	The current coroutine (the last coroutine switched to). The initial value is C<$main> (of course).	100	The current coroutine (the last coroutine switched to). The initial value
		101	is C<$main> (of course).
		102
		103	This variable is B<strictly> I<read-only>. It is provided for performance
		104	reasons. If performance is not essentiel you are encouraged to use the
		105	C<Coro::current> function instead.
93		106
94	=cut	107	=cut
95		108
96	# maybe some other module used Coro::Specific before...	109	# maybe some other module used Coro::Specific before...
97	if ($current) {	110	if ($current) {
98	$main->{specific} = $current->{specific};	111	$main->{specific} = $current->{specific};
99	}	112	}
100		113
101	our $current = $main;	114	$current = $main;
102		115
103	sub current() { $current }	116	sub current() { $current }
104		117
105	=item $idle	118	=item $idle
106		119
107	The coroutine to switch to when no other coroutine is running. The default	120	A callback that is called whenever the scheduler finds no ready coroutines
108	implementation prints "FATAL: deadlock detected" and exits.	121	to run. The default implementation prints "FATAL: deadlock detected" and
		122	exits.
109		123
110	=cut	124	This hook is overwritten by modules such as C<Coro::Timer> and
		125	C<Coro::Event> to wait on an external event that hopefully wakes up some
		126	coroutine.
111		127
112	# should be done using priorities :(	128	=cut
113	our $idle = new Coro sub {	129
		130	$idle = sub {
114	print STDERR "FATAL: deadlock detected\n";	131	print STDERR "FATAL: deadlock detected\n";
115	exit(51);	132	exit (51);
116	};	133	};
117		134
118	# this coroutine is necessary because a coroutine	135	# this coroutine is necessary because a coroutine
119	# cannot destroy itself.	136	# cannot destroy itself.
120	my @destroy;	137	my @destroy;
121	my $manager;
122	$manager = new Coro sub {	138	my $manager; $manager = new Coro sub {
123	while() {	139	while () {
124	# by overwriting the state object with the manager we destroy it	140	# by overwriting the state object with the manager we destroy it
125	# while still being able to schedule this coroutine (in case it has	141	# while still being able to schedule this coroutine (in case it has
126	# been readied multiple times. this is harmless since the manager	142	# been readied multiple times. this is harmless since the manager
127	# can be called as many times as neccessary and will always	143	# can be called as many times as neccessary and will always
128	# remove itself from the runqueue	144	# remove itself from the runqueue
129	while (@destroy) {	145	while (@destroy) {
130	my $coro = pop @destroy;	146	my $coro = pop @destroy;
131	$coro->{status} \|\|= [];	147	$coro->{status} \|\|= [];
132	$_->ready for @{delete $coro->{join} \|\| []};	148	$_->ready for @{delete $coro->{join} \|\| []};
133	$coro->{_coro_state} = $manager->{_coro_state};	149
		150	# the next line destroys the coro state, but keeps the
		151	# process itself intact (we basically make it a zombie
		152	# process that always runs the manager thread, so it's possible
		153	# to transfer() to this process).
		154	$coro->_clone_state_from ($manager);
134	}	155	}
135	&schedule;	156	&schedule;
136	}	157	}
137	};	158	};
138		159
139	# static methods. not really.	160	# static methods. not really.
140		161
		162	=back
		163
141	=head2 STATIC METHODS	164	=head2 STATIC METHODS
142		165
143	Static methods are actually functions that operate on the current process only.	166	Static methods are actually functions that operate on the current process only.
144		167
145	=over 4	168	=over 4
…		…
147	=item async { ... } [@args...]	170	=item async { ... } [@args...]
148		171
149	Create a new asynchronous process and return it's process object	172	Create a new asynchronous process and return it's process object
150	(usually unused). When the sub returns the new process is automatically	173	(usually unused). When the sub returns the new process is automatically
151	terminated.	174	terminated.
		175
		176	Calling C<exit> in a coroutine will not work correctly, so do not do that.
		177
		178	When the coroutine dies, the program will exit, just as in the main
		179	program.
152		180
153	# create a new coroutine that just prints its arguments	181	# create a new coroutine that just prints its arguments
154	async {	182	async {
155	print "@_\n";	183	print "@_\n";
156	} 1,2,3,4;	184	} 1,2,3,4;
157		185
158	The coderef you submit MUST NOT be a closure that refers to variables
159	in an outer scope. This does NOT work. Pass arguments into it instead.
160
161	=cut	186	=cut
162		187
163	sub async(&@) {	188	sub async(&@) {
164	my $pid = new Coro @_;	189	my $pid = new Coro @_;
165	$manager->ready; # this ensures that the stack is cloned from the manager
166	$pid->ready;	190	$pid->ready;
167	$pid;	191	$pid
168	}	192	}
169		193
170	=item schedule	194	=item schedule
171		195
172	Calls the scheduler. Please note that the current process will not be put	196	Calls the scheduler. Please note that the current process will not be put
…		…
183		207
184	=cut	208	=cut
185		209
186	=item terminate [arg...]	210	=item terminate [arg...]
187		211
188	Terminates the current process.	212	Terminates the current process with the given status values (see L<cancel>).
189
190	Future versions of this function will allow result arguments.
191		213
192	=cut	214	=cut
193		215
194	sub terminate {	216	sub terminate {
195	$current->{status} = [@_];
196	$current->cancel;	217	$current->cancel (@_);
197	&schedule;
198	die; # NORETURN
199	}	218	}
200		219
201	=back	220	=back
202		221
203	# dynamic methods	222	# dynamic methods
…		…
213	Create a new process and return it. When the sub returns the process	232	Create a new process and return it. When the sub returns the process
214	automatically terminates as if C<terminate> with the returned values were	233	automatically terminates as if C<terminate> with the returned values were
215	called. To make the process run you must first put it into the ready queue	234	called. To make the process run you must first put it into the ready queue
216	by calling the ready method.	235	by calling the ready method.
217		236
218	=cut	237	Calling C<exit> in a coroutine will not work correctly, so do not do that.
219		238
		239	=cut
		240
220	sub _newcoro {	241	sub _new_coro {
221	terminate &{+shift};	242	terminate &{+shift};
222	}	243	}
223		244
224	sub new {	245	sub new {
225	my $class = shift;	246	my $class = shift;
226	bless {
227	_coro_state => (new Coro::State $_[0] && \&_newcoro, @_),
228	}, $class;
229	}
230		247
		248	$class->SUPER::new (\&_new_coro, @_)
		249	}
		250
231	=item $process->ready	251	=item $success = $process->ready
232		252
233	Put the given process into the ready queue.	253	Put the given process into the ready queue (according to it's priority)
		254	and return true. If the process is already in the ready queue, do nothing
		255	and return false.
234		256
235	=cut	257	=item $is_ready = $process->is_ready
236		258
		259	Return wether the process is currently the ready queue or not,
		260
237	=item $process->cancel	261	=item $process->cancel (arg...)
238		262
239	Like C<terminate>, but terminates the specified process instead.	263	Terminates the given process and makes it return the given arguments as
		264	status (default: the empty list).
240		265
241	=cut	266	=cut
242		267
243	sub cancel {	268	sub cancel {
		269	my $self = shift;
		270	$self->{status} = [@_];
244	push @destroy, $_[0];	271	push @destroy, $self;
245	$manager->ready;	272	$manager->ready;
246	&schedule if $current == $_[0];	273	&schedule if $current == $self;
247	}	274	}
248		275
249	=item $process->join	276	=item $process->join
250		277
251	Wait until the coroutine terminates and return any values given to the	278	Wait until the coroutine terminates and return any values given to the
252	C<terminate> function. C<join> can be called multiple times from multiple	279	C<terminate> or C<cancel> functions. C<join> can be called multiple times
253	processes.	280	from multiple processes.
254		281
255	=cut	282	=cut
256		283
257	sub join {	284	sub join {
258	my $self = shift;	285	my $self = shift;
…		…
261	&schedule;	288	&schedule;
262	}	289	}
263	wantarray ? @{$self->{status}} : $self->{status}[0];	290	wantarray ? @{$self->{status}} : $self->{status}[0];
264	}	291	}
265		292
266	=item $oldprio = $process->prio($newprio)	293	=item $oldprio = $process->prio ($newprio)
267		294
268	Sets (or gets, if the argument is missing) the priority of the	295	Sets (or gets, if the argument is missing) the priority of the
269	process. Higher priority processes get run before lower priority	296	process. Higher priority processes get run before lower priority
270	processes. Priorities are smalled signed integer (currently -4 .. +3),	297	processes. Priorities are small signed integers (currently -4 .. +3),
271	that you can refer to using PRIO_xxx constants (use the import tag :prio	298	that you can refer to using PRIO_xxx constants (use the import tag :prio
272	to get then):	299	to get then):
273		300
274	PRIO_MAX > PRIO_HIGH > PRIO_NORMAL > PRIO_LOW > PRIO_IDLE > PRIO_MIN	301	PRIO_MAX > PRIO_HIGH > PRIO_NORMAL > PRIO_LOW > PRIO_IDLE > PRIO_MIN
275	3 > 1 > 0 > -1 > -3 > -4	302	3 > 1 > 0 > -1 > -3 > -4
…		…
283	Changing the priority of the current process will take effect immediately,	310	Changing the priority of the current process will take effect immediately,
284	but changing the priority of processes in the ready queue (but not	311	but changing the priority of processes in the ready queue (but not
285	running) will only take effect after the next schedule (of that	312	running) will only take effect after the next schedule (of that
286	process). This is a bug that will be fixed in some future version.	313	process). This is a bug that will be fixed in some future version.
287		314
288	=cut
289
290	sub prio {
291	my $old = $_[0]{prio};
292	$_[0]{prio} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
293	$old;
294	}
295
296	=item $newprio = $process->nice($change)	315	=item $newprio = $process->nice ($change)
297		316
298	Similar to C<prio>, but subtract the given value from the priority (i.e.	317	Similar to C<prio>, but subtract the given value from the priority (i.e.
299	higher values mean lower priority, just as in unix).	318	higher values mean lower priority, just as in unix).
300		319
301	=cut
302
303	sub nice {
304	$_[0]{prio} -= $_[1];
305	}
306
307	=item $olddesc = $process->desc($newdesc)	320	=item $olddesc = $process->desc ($newdesc)
308		321
309	Sets (or gets in case the argument is missing) the description for this	322	Sets (or gets in case the argument is missing) the description for this
310	process. This is just a free-form string you can associate with a process.	323	process. This is just a free-form string you can associate with a process.
311		324
312	=cut	325	=cut
…		…
323		336
324	1;	337	1;
325		338
326	=head1 BUGS/LIMITATIONS	339	=head1 BUGS/LIMITATIONS
327		340
328	- you must make very sure that no coro is still active on global destruction.	341	- you must make very sure that no coro is still active on global
329	very bad things might happen otherwise (usually segfaults).	342	destruction. very bad things might happen otherwise (usually segfaults).
		343
330	- this module is not thread-safe. You must only ever use this module from	344	- this module is not thread-safe. You should only ever use this module
331	the same thread (this requirement might be loosened in the future to	345	from the same thread (this requirement might be losened in the future
332	allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow this).	346	to allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow
		347	this).
333		348
334	=head1 SEE ALSO	349	=head1 SEE ALSO
335		350
336	L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Cont>, L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::Semaphore>,	351	Support/Utility: L<Coro::Cont>, L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Util>.
337	L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::RWLock>,	352
338	L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>.	353	Locking/IPC: L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Semaphore>, L<Coro::SemaphoreSet>, L<Coro::RWLock>.
		354
		355	Event/IO: L<Coro::Timer>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>, L<Coro::Select>.
		356
		357	Embedding: L<Coro:MakeMaker>
339		358
340	=head1 AUTHOR	359	=head1 AUTHOR
341		360
342	Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com>	361	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
343	http://www.goof.com/pcg/marc/	362	http://home.schmorp.de/
344		363
345	=cut	364	=cut
346		365

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Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents): Revision 1.41 by root, Tue Nov 6 20:34:09 2001 UTC vs. Revision 1.90 by root, Thu Nov 30 18:21:14 2006 UTC

Diff Legend

Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.41 by root, Tue Nov 6 20:34:09 2001 UTC vs.
Revision 1.90 by root, Thu Nov 30 18:21:14 2006 UTC