[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/Coro/Coro.pm

Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.37 by root, Mon Sep 24 02:25:44 2001 UTC vs.
Revision 1.83 by root, Fri Nov 24 15:34:33 2006 UTC

…		…
19	cede;	19	cede;
20		20
21	=head1 DESCRIPTION	21	=head1 DESCRIPTION
22		22
23	This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar to	23	This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar to
24	Threads but don't run in parallel.	24	threads but don't run in parallel.
25
26	This module is still experimental, see the BUGS section below.
27		25
28	In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables	26	In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables
29	+ @_ + $_ + $@ + $^W + C stack), that is, a coroutine has it's own	27	+ @_ + $_ + $@ + $^W + C stack), that is, a coroutine has it's own
30	callchain, it's own set of lexicals and it's own set of perl's most	28	callchain, it's own set of lexicals and it's own set of perl's most
31	important global variables.	29	important global variables.
32		30
33	=cut	31	=cut
34		32
35	package Coro;	33	package Coro;
36		34
		35	use strict;
37	no warnings qw(uninitialized);	36	no warnings "uninitialized";
38		37
39	use Coro::State;	38	use Coro::State;
40		39
41	use base Exporter;	40	use base qw(Coro::State Exporter);
42		41
		42	our $idle; # idle handler
		43	our $main; # main coroutine
		44	our $current; # current coroutine
		45
43	$VERSION = 0.5;	46	our $VERSION = '2.5';
44		47
45	@EXPORT = qw(async cede schedule terminate current);	48	our @EXPORT = qw(async cede schedule terminate current);
46	%EXPORT_TAGS = (	49	our %EXPORT_TAGS = (
47	prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)],	50	prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)],
48	);	51	);
49	@EXPORT_OK = @{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}};	52	our @EXPORT_OK = @{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}};
50		53
51	{	54	{
52	my @async;	55	my @async;
53	my $init;	56	my $init;
54		57
55	# this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;()	58	# this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;()
56	sub import {	59	sub import {
		60	no strict 'refs';
		61
57	Coro->export_to_level(1, @_);	62	Coro->export_to_level(1, @_);
		63
58	my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE};	64	my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE};
59	*{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"} = sub {	65	*{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"} = sub {
60	my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift);	66	my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift);
61	my @attrs;	67	my @attrs;
62	for (@_) {	68	for (@_) {
…		…
77	};	83	};
78	}	84	}
79		85
80	}	86	}
81		87
		88	=over 4
		89
82	=item $main	90	=item $main
83		91
84	This coroutine represents the main program.	92	This coroutine represents the main program.
85		93
86	=cut	94	=cut
87		95
88	our $main = new Coro;	96	$main = new Coro;
89		97
90	=item $current (or as function: current)	98	=item $current (or as function: current)
91		99
92	The current coroutine (the last coroutine switched to). The initial value is C<$main> (of course).	100	The current coroutine (the last coroutine switched to). The initial value
		101	is C<$main> (of course).
		102
		103	This variable is B<strictly> I<read-only>. It is provided for performance
		104	reasons. If performance is not essentiel you are encouraged to use the
		105	C<Coro::current> function instead.
93		106
94	=cut	107	=cut
95		108
96	# maybe some other module used Coro::Specific before...	109	# maybe some other module used Coro::Specific before...
97	if ($current) {	110	if ($current) {
98	$main->{specific} = $current->{specific};	111	$main->{specific} = $current->{specific};
99	}	112	}
100		113
101	our $current = $main;	114	$current = $main;
102		115
103	sub current() { $current }	116	sub current() { $current }
104		117
105	=item $idle	118	=item $idle
106		119
107	The coroutine to switch to when no other coroutine is running. The default	120	A callback that is called whenever the scheduler finds no ready coroutines
108	implementation prints "FATAL: deadlock detected" and exits.	121	to run. The default implementation prints "FATAL: deadlock detected" and
		122	exits.
109		123
110	=cut	124	This hook is overwritten by modules such as C<Coro::Timer> and
		125	C<Coro::Event> to wait on an external event that hopefully wakes up some
		126	coroutine.
111		127
112	# should be done using priorities :(	128	=cut
113	our $idle = new Coro sub {	129
		130	$idle = sub {
114	print STDERR "FATAL: deadlock detected\n";	131	print STDERR "FATAL: deadlock detected\n";
115	exit(51);	132	exit (51);
116	};	133	};
117		134
118	# this coroutine is necessary because a coroutine	135	# this coroutine is necessary because a coroutine
119	# cannot destroy itself.	136	# cannot destroy itself.
120	my @destroy;	137	my @destroy;
		138	my $manager;
121	my $manager = new Coro sub {	139	$manager = new Coro sub {
122	while() {	140	while () {
123	# by overwriting the state object with the manager we destroy it	141	# by overwriting the state object with the manager we destroy it
124	# while still being able to schedule this coroutine (in case it has	142	# while still being able to schedule this coroutine (in case it has
125	# been readied multiple times. this is harmless since the manager	143	# been readied multiple times. this is harmless since the manager
126	# can be called as many times as neccessary and will always	144	# can be called as many times as neccessary and will always
127	# remove itself from the runqueue	145	# remove itself from the runqueue
128	(pop @destroy)->{_coro_state} = $manager->{_coro_state} while @destroy;	146	while (@destroy) {
		147	my $coro = pop @destroy;
		148	$coro->{status} \|\|= [];
		149	$_->ready for @{delete $coro->{join} \|\| []};
		150
		151	# the next line destroys the coro state, but keeps the
		152	# process itself intact (we basically make it a zombie
		153	# process that always runs the manager thread, so it's possible
		154	# to transfer() to this process).
		155	$coro->_clone_state_from ($manager);
		156	}
129	&schedule;	157	&schedule;
130	}	158	}
131	};	159	};
132		160
133	# static methods. not really.	161	# static methods. not really.
134		162
		163	=back
		164
135	=head2 STATIC METHODS	165	=head2 STATIC METHODS
136		166
137	Static methods are actually functions that operate on the current process only.	167	Static methods are actually functions that operate on the current process only.
138		168
139	=over 4	169	=over 4
…		…
141	=item async { ... } [@args...]	171	=item async { ... } [@args...]
142		172
143	Create a new asynchronous process and return it's process object	173	Create a new asynchronous process and return it's process object
144	(usually unused). When the sub returns the new process is automatically	174	(usually unused). When the sub returns the new process is automatically
145	terminated.	175	terminated.
		176
		177	When the coroutine dies, the program will exit, just as in the main
		178	program.
146		179
147	# create a new coroutine that just prints its arguments	180	# create a new coroutine that just prints its arguments
148	async {	181	async {
149	print "@_\n";	182	print "@_\n";
150	} 1,2,3,4;	183	} 1,2,3,4;
151
152	The coderef you submit MUST NOT be a closure that refers to variables
153	in an outer scope. This does NOT work. Pass arguments into it instead.
154		184
155	=cut	185	=cut
156		186
157	sub async(&@) {	187	sub async(&@) {
158	my $pid = new Coro @_;	188	my $pid = new Coro @_;
…		…
175	ready queue and calls C<schedule>, which has the effect of giving up the	205	ready queue and calls C<schedule>, which has the effect of giving up the
176	current "timeslice" to other coroutines of the same or higher priority.	206	current "timeslice" to other coroutines of the same or higher priority.
177		207
178	=cut	208	=cut
179		209
180	=item terminate	210	=item terminate [arg...]
181		211
182	Terminates the current process.	212	Terminates the current process with the given status values (see L<cancel>).
183
184	Future versions of this function will allow result arguments.
185		213
186	=cut	214	=cut
187		215
188	sub terminate {	216	sub terminate {
189	$current->cancel;	217	$current->cancel (@_);
190	&schedule;
191	die; # NORETURN
192	}	218	}
193		219
194	=back	220	=back
195		221
196	# dynamic methods	222	# dynamic methods
…		…
202	=over 4	228	=over 4
203		229
204	=item new Coro \&sub [, @args...]	230	=item new Coro \&sub [, @args...]
205		231
206	Create a new process and return it. When the sub returns the process	232	Create a new process and return it. When the sub returns the process
207	automatically terminates. To start the process you must first put it into	233	automatically terminates as if C<terminate> with the returned values were
		234	called. To make the process run you must first put it into the ready queue
208	the ready queue by calling the ready method.	235	by calling the ready method.
209
210	The coderef you submit MUST NOT be a closure that refers to variables
211	in an outer scope. This does NOT work. Pass arguments into it instead.
212		236
213	=cut	237	=cut
214		238
215	sub _newcoro {	239	sub _newcoro {
216	terminate &{+shift};	240	terminate &{+shift};
217	}	241	}
218		242
219	sub new {	243	sub new {
220	my $class = shift;	244	my $class = shift;
221	bless {	245
222	_coro_state => (new Coro::State $_[0] && \&_newcoro, @_),	246	$class->SUPER::new (\&_newcoro, @_)
223	}, $class;
224	}	247	}
225		248
226	=item $process->ready	249	=item $process->ready
227		250
228	Put the current process into the ready queue.	251	Put the given process into the ready queue.
229		252
230	=cut	253	=cut
231		254
232	=item $process->cancel	255	=item $process->cancel (arg...)
233		256
234	Like C<terminate>, but terminates the specified process instead.	257	Terminates the given process and makes it return the given arguments as
		258	status (default: the empty list).
235		259
236	=cut	260	=cut
237		261
238	sub cancel {	262	sub cancel {
		263	my $self = shift;
		264	$self->{status} = [@_];
239	push @destroy, $_[0];	265	push @destroy, $self;
240	$manager->ready;	266	$manager->ready;
241	&schedule if $current == $_[0];	267	&schedule if $current == $self;
242	}	268	}
243		269
		270	=item $process->join
		271
		272	Wait until the coroutine terminates and return any values given to the
		273	C<terminate> or C<cancel> functions. C<join> can be called multiple times
		274	from multiple processes.
		275
		276	=cut
		277
		278	sub join {
		279	my $self = shift;
		280	unless ($self->{status}) {
		281	push @{$self->{join}}, $current;
		282	&schedule;
		283	}
		284	wantarray ? @{$self->{status}} : $self->{status}[0];
		285	}
		286
244	=item $oldprio = $process->prio($newprio)	287	=item $oldprio = $process->prio ($newprio)
245		288
246	Sets the priority of the process. Higher priority processes get run before	289	Sets (or gets, if the argument is missing) the priority of the
		290	process. Higher priority processes get run before lower priority
247	lower priority processes. Priorities are smalled signed integer (currently	291	processes. Priorities are small signed integers (currently -4 .. +3),
248	-4 .. +3), that you can refer to using PRIO_xxx constants (use the import	292	that you can refer to using PRIO_xxx constants (use the import tag :prio
249	tag :prio to get then):	293	to get then):
250		294
251	PRIO_MAX > PRIO_HIGH > PRIO_NORMAL > PRIO_LOW > PRIO_IDLE > PRIO_MIN	295	PRIO_MAX > PRIO_HIGH > PRIO_NORMAL > PRIO_LOW > PRIO_IDLE > PRIO_MIN
252	3 > 1 > 0 > -1 > -3 > -4	296	3 > 1 > 0 > -1 > -3 > -4
253		297
254	# set priority to HIGH	298	# set priority to HIGH
…		…
260	Changing the priority of the current process will take effect immediately,	304	Changing the priority of the current process will take effect immediately,
261	but changing the priority of processes in the ready queue (but not	305	but changing the priority of processes in the ready queue (but not
262	running) will only take effect after the next schedule (of that	306	running) will only take effect after the next schedule (of that
263	process). This is a bug that will be fixed in some future version.	307	process). This is a bug that will be fixed in some future version.
264		308
265	=cut
266
267	sub prio {
268	my $old = $_[0]{prio};
269	$_[0]{prio} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
270	$old;
271	}
272
273	=item $newprio = $process->nice($change)	309	=item $newprio = $process->nice ($change)
274		310
275	Similar to C<prio>, but subtract the given value from the priority (i.e.	311	Similar to C<prio>, but subtract the given value from the priority (i.e.
276	higher values mean lower priority, just as in unix).	312	higher values mean lower priority, just as in unix).
277		313
278	=cut	314	=item $olddesc = $process->desc ($newdesc)
279		315
280	sub nice {	316	Sets (or gets in case the argument is missing) the description for this
281	$_[0]{prio} -= $_[1];	317	process. This is just a free-form string you can associate with a process.
		318
		319	=cut
		320
		321	sub desc {
		322	my $old = $_[0]{desc};
		323	$_[0]{desc} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
		324	$old;
282	}	325	}
283		326
284	=back	327	=back
285		328
286	=cut	329	=cut
287		330
288	1;	331	1;
289		332
290	=head1 BUGS/LIMITATIONS	333	=head1 BUGS/LIMITATIONS
291		334
292	- you must make very sure that no coro is still active on global destruction.	335	- you must make very sure that no coro is still active on global
293	very bad things might happen otherwise (usually segfaults).	336	destruction. very bad things might happen otherwise (usually segfaults).
		337
294	- this module is not thread-safe. You must only ever use this module from	338	- this module is not thread-safe. You should only ever use this module
295	the same thread (this requirement might be loosened in the future to	339	from the same thread (this requirement might be losened in the future
296	allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow this).	340	to allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow
		341	this).
297		342
298	=head1 SEE ALSO	343	=head1 SEE ALSO
299		344
300	L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Cont>, L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::Semaphore>,	345	Support/Utility: L<Coro::Cont>, L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Util>.
301	L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::RWLock>,	346
302	L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>.	347	Locking/IPC: L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Semaphore>, L<Coro::SemaphoreSet>, L<Coro::RWLock>.
		348
		349	Event/IO: L<Coro::Timer>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>, L<Coro::Select>.
		350
		351	Embedding: L<Coro:MakeMaker>
303		352
304	=head1 AUTHOR	353	=head1 AUTHOR
305		354
306	Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com>	355	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
307	http://www.goof.com/pcg/marc/	356	http://home.schmorp.de/
308		357
309	=cut	358	=cut
310		359

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Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents): Revision 1.37 by root, Mon Sep 24 02:25:44 2001 UTC vs. Revision 1.83 by root, Fri Nov 24 15:34:33 2006 UTC

Diff Legend

Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.37 by root, Mon Sep 24 02:25:44 2001 UTC vs.
Revision 1.83 by root, Fri Nov 24 15:34:33 2006 UTC