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Revision 1.148 by root, Fri Oct 5 20:11:25 2007 UTC vs.
Revision 1.179 by root, Sat Apr 19 19:06:02 2008 UTC

… …
2 2
3Coro - coroutine process abstraction 3Coro - coroutine process abstraction
4 4
5=head1 SYNOPSIS 5=head1 SYNOPSIS
6 6
7 use Coro; 7 use Coro;
8 8
9 async { 9 async {
10 # some asynchronous thread of execution 10 # some asynchronous thread of execution
11 print "2\n";
12 cede; # yield back to main
13 print "4\n";
11 }; 14 };
12 15 print "1\n";
13 # alternatively create an async coroutine like this: 16 cede; # yield to coroutine
14 17 print "3\n";
15 sub some_func : Coro { 18 cede; # and again
16 # some more async code 19
17 } 20 # use locking
18 21 my $lock = new Coro::Semaphore;
19 cede; 22 my $locked;
23
24 $lock->down;
25 $locked = 1;
26 $lock->up;
20 27
21=head1 DESCRIPTION 28=head1 DESCRIPTION
22 29
23This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar 30This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar
24to threads but don't run in parallel at the same time even on SMP 31to threads but don't run in parallel at the same time even on SMP
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33is a performance win on Windows machines, and a loss everywhere else). 40is a performance win on Windows machines, and a loss everywhere else).
34 41
35In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables + 42In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables +
36@_ + $_ + $@ + $/ + C stack), that is, a coroutine has its own callchain, 43@_ + $_ + $@ + $/ + C stack), that is, a coroutine has its own callchain,
37its own set of lexicals and its own set of perls most important global 44its own set of lexicals and its own set of perls most important global
38variables. 45variables (see L<Coro::State> for more configuration).
39 46
40=cut 47=cut
41 48
42package Coro; 49package Coro;
43 50
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50 57
51our $idle; # idle handler 58our $idle; # idle handler
52our $main; # main coroutine 59our $main; # main coroutine
53our $current; # current coroutine 60our $current; # current coroutine
54 61
55our $VERSION = '4.01'; 62our $VERSION = '4.51';
56 63
57our @EXPORT = qw(async async_pool cede schedule terminate current unblock_sub); 64our @EXPORT = qw(async async_pool cede schedule terminate current unblock_sub);
58our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 65our %EXPORT_TAGS = (
59 prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)], 66 prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)],
60); 67);
61our @EXPORT_OK = (@{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}}, qw(nready)); 68our @EXPORT_OK = (@{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}}, qw(nready));
62 69
63{
64 my @async;
65 my $init;
66
67 # this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;()
68 sub import {
69 no strict 'refs';
70
71 Coro->export_to_level (1, @_);
72
73 my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE};
74 *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"} = sub {
75 my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift);
76 my @attrs;
77 for (@_) {
78 if ($_ eq "Coro") {
79 push @async, $ref;
80 unless ($init++) {
81 eval q{
82 sub INIT {
83 &async(pop @async) while @async;
84 }
85 };
86 }
87 } else {
88 push @attrs, $_;
89 }
90 }
91 return $old ? $old->($package, $ref, @attrs) : @attrs;
92 };
93 }
94
95}
96
97=over 4 70=over 4
98 71
99=item $main 72=item $main
100 73
101This coroutine represents the main program. 74This coroutine represents the main program.
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134This hook is overwritten by modules such as C<Coro::Timer> and 107This hook is overwritten by modules such as C<Coro::Timer> and
135C<Coro::Event> to wait on an external event that hopefully wake up a 108C<Coro::Event> to wait on an external event that hopefully wake up a
136coroutine so the scheduler can run it. 109coroutine so the scheduler can run it.
137 110
138Please note that if your callback recursively invokes perl (e.g. for event 111Please note that if your callback recursively invokes perl (e.g. for event
139handlers), then it must be prepared to be called recursively. 112handlers), then it must be prepared to be called recursively itself.
140 113
141=cut 114=cut
142 115
143$idle = sub { 116$idle = sub {
144 require Carp; 117 require Carp;
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171 } 144 }
172}; 145};
173$manager->desc ("[coro manager]"); 146$manager->desc ("[coro manager]");
174$manager->prio (PRIO_MAX); 147$manager->prio (PRIO_MAX);
175 148
176# static methods. not really.
177
178=back 149=back
179 150
180=head2 STATIC METHODS 151=head2 STATIC METHODS
181 152
182Static methods are actually functions that operate on the current coroutine only. 153Static methods are actually functions that operate on the current coroutine only.
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188Create a new asynchronous coroutine and return it's coroutine object 159Create a new asynchronous coroutine and return it's coroutine object
189(usually unused). When the sub returns the new coroutine is automatically 160(usually unused). When the sub returns the new coroutine is automatically
190terminated. 161terminated.
191 162
192See the C<Coro::State::new> constructor for info about the coroutine 163See the C<Coro::State::new> constructor for info about the coroutine
193environment. 164environment in which coroutines run.
194 165
195Calling C<exit> in a coroutine will do the same as calling exit outside 166Calling C<exit> in a coroutine will do the same as calling exit outside
196the coroutine. Likewise, when the coroutine dies, the program will exit, 167the coroutine. Likewise, when the coroutine dies, the program will exit,
197just as it would in the main program. 168just as it would in the main program.
198 169
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255 _pool_2 $cb; 226 _pool_2 $cb;
256 &schedule; 227 &schedule;
257 } 228 }
258 }; 229 };
259 230
260 last if $@ eq "\3terminate\2\n"; 231 last if $@ eq "\3async_pool terminate\2\n";
261 warn $@ if $@; 232 warn $@ if $@;
262 } 233 }
263} 234}
264 235
265sub async_pool(&@) { 236sub async_pool(&@) {
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302 273
303"Cede" to other coroutines. This function puts the current coroutine into the 274"Cede" to other coroutines. This function puts the current coroutine into the
304ready queue and calls C<schedule>, which has the effect of giving up the 275ready queue and calls C<schedule>, which has the effect of giving up the
305current "timeslice" to other coroutines of the same or higher priority. 276current "timeslice" to other coroutines of the same or higher priority.
306 277
307Returns true if at least one coroutine switch has happened.
308
309=item Coro::cede_notself 278=item Coro::cede_notself
310 279
311Works like cede, but is not exported by default and will cede to any 280Works like cede, but is not exported by default and will cede to any
312coroutine, regardless of priority, once. 281coroutine, regardless of priority, once.
313
314Returns true if at least one coroutine switch has happened.
315 282
316=item terminate [arg...] 283=item terminate [arg...]
317 284
318Terminates the current coroutine with the given status values (see L<cancel>). 285Terminates the current coroutine with the given status values (see L<cancel>).
319 286
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335 if $_ != $current && UNIVERSAL::isa $_, "Coro"; 302 if $_ != $current && UNIVERSAL::isa $_, "Coro";
336 } 303 }
337} 304}
338 305
339=back 306=back
340
341# dynamic methods
342 307
343=head2 COROUTINE METHODS 308=head2 COROUTINE METHODS
344 309
345These are the methods you can call on coroutine objects. 310These are the methods you can call on coroutine objects.
346 311
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470Sets (or gets in case the argument is missing) the description for this 435Sets (or gets in case the argument is missing) the description for this
471coroutine. This is just a free-form string you can associate with a coroutine. 436coroutine. This is just a free-form string you can associate with a coroutine.
472 437
473This method simply sets the C<< $coroutine->{desc} >> member to the given string. You 438This method simply sets the C<< $coroutine->{desc} >> member to the given string. You
474can modify this member directly if you wish. 439can modify this member directly if you wish.
440
441=item $coroutine->throw ([$scalar])
442
443If C<$throw> is specified and defined, it will be thrown as an exception
444inside the coroutine at the next convinient point in time (usually after
445it gains control at the next schedule/transfer/cede). Otherwise clears the
446exception object.
447
448The exception object will be thrown "as is" with the specified scalar in
449C<$@>, i.e. if it is a string, no line number or newline will be appended
450(unlike with C<die>).
451
452This can be used as a softer means than C<cancel> to ask a coroutine to
453end itself, although there is no guarentee that the exception will lead to
454termination, and if the exception isn't caught it might well end the whole
455program.
475 456
476=cut 457=cut
477 458
478sub desc { 459sub desc {
479 my $old = $_[0]{desc}; 460 my $old = $_[0]{desc};
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597 to allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow 578 to allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow
598 this). 579 this).
599 580
600=head1 SEE ALSO 581=head1 SEE ALSO
601 582
583Lower level Configuration, Coroutine Environment: L<Coro::State>.
584
585Debugging: L<Coro::Debug>.
586
602Support/Utility: L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Util>. 587Support/Utility: L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::Util>.
603 588
604Locking/IPC: L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Semaphore>, L<Coro::SemaphoreSet>, L<Coro::RWLock>. 589Locking/IPC: L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Semaphore>, L<Coro::SemaphoreSet>, L<Coro::RWLock>.
605 590
606Event/IO: L<Coro::Timer>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>, L<Coro::Select>. 591Event/IO: L<Coro::Timer>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>.
607 592
593Compatibility: L<Coro::LWP>, L<Coro::Storable>, L<Coro::Select>.
594
608Embedding: L<Coro:MakeMaker> 595Embedding: L<Coro::MakeMaker>.
609 596
610=head1 AUTHOR 597=head1 AUTHOR
611 598
612 Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> 599 Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
613 http://home.schmorp.de/ 600 http://home.schmorp.de/

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