[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/Coro/Coro.pm

Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.36 by root, Mon Sep 24 01:36:20 2001 UTC vs.
Revision 1.88 by root, Sun Nov 26 02:54:55 2006 UTC

…		…
19	cede;	19	cede;
20		20
21	=head1 DESCRIPTION	21	=head1 DESCRIPTION
22		22
23	This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar to	23	This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar to
24	Threads but don't run in parallel.	24	threads but don't run in parallel.
25
26	This module is still experimental, see the BUGS section below.
27		25
28	In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables	26	In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables
29	+ @_ + $_ + $@ + $^W + C stack), that is, a coroutine has it's own	27	+ @_ + $_ + $@ + $^W + C stack), that is, a coroutine has it's own
30	callchain, it's own set of lexicals and it's own set of perl's most	28	callchain, it's own set of lexicals and it's own set of perl's most
31	important global variables.	29	important global variables.
32		30
33	=cut	31	=cut
34		32
35	package Coro;	33	package Coro;
36		34
		35	use strict;
37	no warnings qw(uninitialized);	36	no warnings "uninitialized";
38		37
39	use Coro::State;	38	use Coro::State;
40		39
41	use base Exporter;	40	use base qw(Coro::State Exporter);
42		41
43	$VERSION = 0.5;	42	our $idle; # idle handler
		43	our $main; # main coroutine
		44	our $current; # current coroutine
44		45
		46	our $VERSION = '3.0';
		47
45	@EXPORT = qw(async cede schedule terminate current);	48	our @EXPORT = qw(async cede schedule terminate current);
46	%EXPORT_TAGS = (	49	our %EXPORT_TAGS = (
47	prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)],	50	prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)],
48	);	51	);
49	@EXPORT_OK = @{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}};	52	our @EXPORT_OK = @{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}};
50		53
51	{	54	{
52	my @async;	55	my @async;
53	my $init;	56	my $init;
54		57
55	# this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;()	58	# this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;()
56	sub import {	59	sub import {
		60	no strict 'refs';
		61
57	Coro->export_to_level(1, @_);	62	Coro->export_to_level(1, @_);
		63
58	my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE};	64	my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE};
59	*{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"} = sub {	65	*{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"} = sub {
60	my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift);	66	my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift);
61	my @attrs;	67	my @attrs;
62	for (@_) {	68	for (@_) {
…		…
77	};	83	};
78	}	84	}
79		85
80	}	86	}
81		87
		88	=over 4
		89
82	=item $main	90	=item $main
83		91
84	This coroutine represents the main program.	92	This coroutine represents the main program.
85		93
86	=cut	94	=cut
87		95
88	our $main = new Coro;	96	$main = new Coro;
89		97
90	=item $current (or as function: current)	98	=item $current (or as function: current)
91		99
92	The current coroutine (the last coroutine switched to). The initial value is C<$main> (of course).	100	The current coroutine (the last coroutine switched to). The initial value
		101	is C<$main> (of course).
		102
		103	This variable is B<strictly> I<read-only>. It is provided for performance
		104	reasons. If performance is not essentiel you are encouraged to use the
		105	C<Coro::current> function instead.
93		106
94	=cut	107	=cut
95		108
96	# maybe some other module used Coro::Specific before...	109	# maybe some other module used Coro::Specific before...
97	if ($current) {	110	if ($current) {
98	$main->{specific} = $current->{specific};	111	$main->{specific} = $current->{specific};
99	}	112	}
100		113
101	our $current = $main;	114	$current = $main;
102		115
103	sub current() { $current }	116	sub current() { $current }
104		117
105	=item $idle	118	=item $idle
106		119
107	The coroutine to switch to when no other coroutine is running. The default	120	A callback that is called whenever the scheduler finds no ready coroutines
108	implementation prints "FATAL: deadlock detected" and exits.	121	to run. The default implementation prints "FATAL: deadlock detected" and
		122	exits.
109		123
110	=cut	124	This hook is overwritten by modules such as C<Coro::Timer> and
		125	C<Coro::Event> to wait on an external event that hopefully wakes up some
		126	coroutine.
111		127
112	# should be done using priorities :(	128	=cut
113	our $idle = new Coro sub {	129
		130	$idle = sub {
114	print STDERR "FATAL: deadlock detected\n";	131	print STDERR "FATAL: deadlock detected\n";
115	exit(51);	132	exit (51);
116	};	133	};
117		134
118	# this coroutine is necessary because a coroutine	135	# this coroutine is necessary because a coroutine
119	# cannot destroy itself.	136	# cannot destroy itself.
120	my @destroy;	137	my @destroy;
121	my $manager = new Coro sub {	138	my $manager; $manager = new Coro sub {
122	while() {	139	while () {
123	delete ((pop @destroy)->{_coro_state}) while @destroy;	140	# by overwriting the state object with the manager we destroy it
		141	# while still being able to schedule this coroutine (in case it has
		142	# been readied multiple times. this is harmless since the manager
		143	# can be called as many times as neccessary and will always
		144	# remove itself from the runqueue
		145	while (@destroy) {
		146	my $coro = pop @destroy;
		147	$coro->{status} \|\|= [];
		148	$_->ready for @{delete $coro->{join} \|\| []};
		149
		150	# the next line destroys the coro state, but keeps the
		151	# process itself intact (we basically make it a zombie
		152	# process that always runs the manager thread, so it's possible
		153	# to transfer() to this process).
		154	$coro->_clone_state_from ($manager);
		155	}
124	&schedule;	156	&schedule;
125	}	157	}
126	};	158	};
127		159
128	# static methods. not really.	160	# static methods. not really.
129		161
		162	=back
		163
130	=head2 STATIC METHODS	164	=head2 STATIC METHODS
131		165
132	Static methods are actually functions that operate on the current process only.	166	Static methods are actually functions that operate on the current process only.
133		167
134	=over 4	168	=over 4
…		…
136	=item async { ... } [@args...]	170	=item async { ... } [@args...]
137		171
138	Create a new asynchronous process and return it's process object	172	Create a new asynchronous process and return it's process object
139	(usually unused). When the sub returns the new process is automatically	173	(usually unused). When the sub returns the new process is automatically
140	terminated.	174	terminated.
		175
		176	When the coroutine dies, the program will exit, just as in the main
		177	program.
141		178
142	# create a new coroutine that just prints its arguments	179	# create a new coroutine that just prints its arguments
143	async {	180	async {
144	print "@_\n";	181	print "@_\n";
145	} 1,2,3,4;	182	} 1,2,3,4;
146		183
147	The coderef you submit MUST NOT be a closure that refers to variables
148	in an outer scope. This does NOT work. Pass arguments into it instead.
149
150	=cut	184	=cut
151		185
152	sub async(&@) {	186	sub async(&@) {
153	my $pid = new Coro @_;	187	my $pid = new Coro @_;
154	$manager->ready; # this ensures that the stack is cloned from the manager
155	$pid->ready;	188	$pid->ready;
156	$pid;	189	$pid
157	}	190	}
158		191
159	=item schedule	192	=item schedule
160		193
161	Calls the scheduler. Please note that the current process will not be put	194	Calls the scheduler. Please note that the current process will not be put
…		…
170	ready queue and calls C<schedule>, which has the effect of giving up the	203	ready queue and calls C<schedule>, which has the effect of giving up the
171	current "timeslice" to other coroutines of the same or higher priority.	204	current "timeslice" to other coroutines of the same or higher priority.
172		205
173	=cut	206	=cut
174		207
175	=item terminate	208	=item terminate [arg...]
176		209
177	Terminates the current process.	210	Terminates the current process with the given status values (see L<cancel>).
178
179	Future versions of this function will allow result arguments.
180		211
181	=cut	212	=cut
182		213
183	sub terminate {	214	sub terminate {
184	$current->cancel;	215	$current->cancel (@_);
185	&schedule;
186	die; # NORETURN
187	}	216	}
188		217
189	=back	218	=back
190		219
191	# dynamic methods	220	# dynamic methods
…		…
197	=over 4	226	=over 4
198		227
199	=item new Coro \&sub [, @args...]	228	=item new Coro \&sub [, @args...]
200		229
201	Create a new process and return it. When the sub returns the process	230	Create a new process and return it. When the sub returns the process
202	automatically terminates. To start the process you must first put it into	231	automatically terminates as if C<terminate> with the returned values were
		232	called. To make the process run you must first put it into the ready queue
203	the ready queue by calling the ready method.	233	by calling the ready method.
204		234
205	The coderef you submit MUST NOT be a closure that refers to variables
206	in an outer scope. This does NOT work. Pass arguments into it instead.
207
208	=cut	235	=cut
209		236
210	sub _newcoro {	237	sub _new_coro {
211	terminate &{+shift};	238	terminate &{+shift};
212	}	239	}
213		240
214	sub new {	241	sub new {
215	my $class = shift;	242	my $class = shift;
216	bless {	243
217	_coro_state => (new Coro::State $_[0] && \&_newcoro, @_),	244	$class->SUPER::new (\&_new_coro, @_)
218	}, $class;
219	}	245	}
220		246
221	=item $process->ready	247	=item $process->ready
222		248
223	Put the current process into the ready queue.	249	Put the given process into the ready queue.
224		250
225	=cut	251	=cut
226		252
227	=item $process->cancel	253	=item $process->cancel (arg...)
228		254
229	Like C<terminate>, but terminates the specified process instead.	255	Terminates the given process and makes it return the given arguments as
		256	status (default: the empty list).
230		257
231	=cut	258	=cut
232		259
233	sub cancel {	260	sub cancel {
		261	my $self = shift;
		262	$self->{status} = [@_];
234	push @destroy, $_[0];	263	push @destroy, $self;
235	$manager->ready;	264	$manager->ready;
236	&schedule if $current == $_[0];	265	&schedule if $current == $self;
237	}	266	}
238		267
		268	=item $process->join
		269
		270	Wait until the coroutine terminates and return any values given to the
		271	C<terminate> or C<cancel> functions. C<join> can be called multiple times
		272	from multiple processes.
		273
		274	=cut
		275
		276	sub join {
		277	my $self = shift;
		278	unless ($self->{status}) {
		279	push @{$self->{join}}, $current;
		280	&schedule;
		281	}
		282	wantarray ? @{$self->{status}} : $self->{status}[0];
		283	}
		284
239	=item $oldprio = $process->prio($newprio)	285	=item $oldprio = $process->prio ($newprio)
240		286
241	Sets the priority of the process. Higher priority processes get run before	287	Sets (or gets, if the argument is missing) the priority of the
		288	process. Higher priority processes get run before lower priority
242	lower priority processes. Priorities are smalled signed integer (currently	289	processes. Priorities are small signed integers (currently -4 .. +3),
243	-4 .. +3), that you can refer to using PRIO_xxx constants (use the import	290	that you can refer to using PRIO_xxx constants (use the import tag :prio
244	tag :prio to get then):	291	to get then):
245		292
246	PRIO_MAX > PRIO_HIGH > PRIO_NORMAL > PRIO_LOW > PRIO_IDLE > PRIO_MIN	293	PRIO_MAX > PRIO_HIGH > PRIO_NORMAL > PRIO_LOW > PRIO_IDLE > PRIO_MIN
247	3 > 1 > 0 > -1 > -3 > -4	294	3 > 1 > 0 > -1 > -3 > -4
248		295
249	# set priority to HIGH	296	# set priority to HIGH
…		…
255	Changing the priority of the current process will take effect immediately,	302	Changing the priority of the current process will take effect immediately,
256	but changing the priority of processes in the ready queue (but not	303	but changing the priority of processes in the ready queue (but not
257	running) will only take effect after the next schedule (of that	304	running) will only take effect after the next schedule (of that
258	process). This is a bug that will be fixed in some future version.	305	process). This is a bug that will be fixed in some future version.
259		306
260	=cut
261
262	sub prio {
263	my $old = $_[0]{prio};
264	$_[0]{prio} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
265	$old;
266	}
267
268	=item $newprio = $process->nice($change)	307	=item $newprio = $process->nice ($change)
269		308
270	Similar to C<prio>, but subtract the given value from the priority (i.e.	309	Similar to C<prio>, but subtract the given value from the priority (i.e.
271	higher values mean lower priority, just as in unix).	310	higher values mean lower priority, just as in unix).
272		311
273	=cut	312	=item $olddesc = $process->desc ($newdesc)
274		313
275	sub nice {	314	Sets (or gets in case the argument is missing) the description for this
276	$_[0]{prio} -= $_[1];	315	process. This is just a free-form string you can associate with a process.
		316
		317	=cut
		318
		319	sub desc {
		320	my $old = $_[0]{desc};
		321	$_[0]{desc} = $_[1] if @_ > 1;
		322	$old;
277	}	323	}
278		324
279	=back	325	=back
280		326
281	=cut	327	=cut
282		328
283	1;	329	1;
284		330
285	=head1 BUGS/LIMITATIONS	331	=head1 BUGS/LIMITATIONS
286		332
287	- you must make very sure that no coro is still active on global destruction.	333	- you must make very sure that no coro is still active on global
288	very bad things might happen otherwise (usually segfaults).	334	destruction. very bad things might happen otherwise (usually segfaults).
		335
289	- this module is not thread-safe. You must only ever use this module from	336	- this module is not thread-safe. You should only ever use this module
290	the same thread (this requirement might be loosened in the future to	337	from the same thread (this requirement might be losened in the future
291	allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow this).	338	to allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow
		339	this).
292		340
293	=head1 SEE ALSO	341	=head1 SEE ALSO
294		342
295	L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Cont>, L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::Semaphore>,	343	Support/Utility: L<Coro::Cont>, L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Util>.
296	L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::RWLock>,	344
297	L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>.	345	Locking/IPC: L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Semaphore>, L<Coro::SemaphoreSet>, L<Coro::RWLock>.
		346
		347	Event/IO: L<Coro::Timer>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>, L<Coro::Select>.
		348
		349	Embedding: L<Coro:MakeMaker>
298		350
299	=head1 AUTHOR	351	=head1 AUTHOR
300		352
301	Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com>	353	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
302	http://www.goof.com/pcg/marc/	354	http://home.schmorp.de/
303		355
304	=cut	356	=cut
305		357

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Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents): Revision 1.36 by root, Mon Sep 24 01:36:20 2001 UTC vs. Revision 1.88 by root, Sun Nov 26 02:54:55 2006 UTC

Diff Legend

Comparing Coro/Coro.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.36 by root, Mon Sep 24 01:36:20 2001 UTC vs.
Revision 1.88 by root, Sun Nov 26 02:54:55 2006 UTC