=head1 NAME

Coro::SemaphoreSet - hash of semaphores.

=head1 SYNOPSIS

 use Coro::SemaphoreSet;

 $sig = new Coro::SemaphoreSet [initial value];

 $sig->down("semaphoreid"); # wait for signal

 # ... some other "thread"

 $sig->up("semaphoreid");

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module implements sets of counting semaphores (see
L<Coro::Semaphore>). It is nothing more than a hash with normal semaphores
as members, but is more efficiently managed.

This is useful if you want to allow parallel tasks to run in parallel but
not on the same problem. Just use a SemaphoreSet and lock on the problem
identifier.

=over 4

=cut

package Coro::SemaphoreSet;

BEGIN { eval { require warnings } && warnings->unimport ("uninitialized") }

use Coro ();

$VERSION = 1.6;

=item new [inital count]

Creates a new semaphore set with the given initial lock count for each
individual semaphore. See L<Coro::Semaphore>.

=cut

sub new {
   bless [defined $_[1] ? $_[1] : 1], $_[0];
}

=item $sem->down ($id)

Decrement the counter, therefore "locking" the named semaphore. This
method waits until the semaphore is available if the counter is zero.

=item $status = $sem->timed_down ($id, $timeout)

Like C<down>, but returns false if semaphore couldn't be acquired within
$timeout seconds, otherwise true.

=cut

sub down {
   while () {
      my $sem = ($_[0][1]{$_[1]} ||= [$_[0][0]]);

      if ($sem->[0] > 0) {
         --$sem->[0];
         return 1;
      }

      push @{$sem->[1]}, $Coro::current;
      Coro::schedule;
   }
}

sub timed_down {
   require Coro::Timer;
   my $timeout = Coro::Timer::timeout ($_[2]);

   while () {
      my $sem = ($_[0][1]{$_[1]} ||= [$_[0][0]]);

      if ($sem->[0] > 0) {
         --$sem->[0];
         return 1;
      }

      if ($timeout) {
         # ugly as hell.
         for (0..$#{$sem->[1]}) {
            if ($sem->[1][$_] == $Coro::current) {
               splice @{$sem->[1]}, $_, 1;
               return 0;
            }
         }
         die;
      }

      push @{$sem->[1]}, $Coro::current;
      Coro::schedule;
   }
}

=item $sem->up ($id)

Unlock the semaphore again.

=cut

sub up {
   my $sem = $_[0][1]{$_[1]};

   if (++$sem->[0] > 0) {
      (shift @{$sem->[1]})->ready if @{$sem->[1]};
   }

   delete $_[0][1]{$_[1]} if $sem->[0] == $_[0][0] && !@{$sem->[1] || []};
}

=item $sem->try

Try to C<down> the semaphore. Returns true when this was possible,
otherwise return false and leave the semaphore unchanged.

=cut

sub try {
   my $sem = ($_[0][1]{$_[1]} ||= [$_[0][0]]);
   if ($sem->[0] > 0) {
      --$sem->[0];
      return 1;
   } else {
      return 0;
   }
}

=item $sem->waiters ($id)

In scalar context, returns the number of coroutines waiting for this
semaphore.

=cut

sub waiters {
   my $sem = $_[0][1]{$_[1]}
      or return;
   @{ $_[0][1]{$_[1]}[1] || []}
}

=item $guard = $sem->guard ($id)

This method calls C<down> and then creates a guard object. When the guard
object is destroyed it automatically calls C<up>.

=item $guard = $sem->timed_guard ($id, $timeout)

Like C<guard>, but returns undef if semaphore couldn't be acquired within
$timeout seconds, otherwise the guard object.

=cut

sub guard {
   &down;
   bless [@_], Coro::SemaphoreSet::guard::;
}

sub timed_guard {
   &timed_down
      ? bless [$_[0], $_[1]], Coro::SemaphoreSet::guard::
      : ();
}

sub Coro::SemaphoreSet::guard::DESTROY {
   &up(@{$_[0]});
}

1;

=back

=head1 AUTHOR

 Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
 http://home.schmorp.de/

=cut