[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/EV/EV.pm

Comparing EV/EV.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.47 by root, Fri Nov 23 13:08:55 2007 UTC vs.
Revision 1.90 by root, Sat Apr 26 03:34:24 2008 UTC

…		…
35	warn "sigquit received\n";	35	warn "sigquit received\n";
36	};	36	};
37		37
38	# CHILD/PID STATUS CHANGES	38	# CHILD/PID STATUS CHANGES
39		39
40	my $w = EV::child 666, sub {	40	my $w = EV::child 666, 0, sub {
41	my ($w, $revents) = @_;	41	my ($w, $revents) = @_;
42	my $status = $w->rstatus;	42	my $status = $w->rstatus;
		43	};
		44
		45	# STAT CHANGES
		46	my $w = EV::stat "/etc/passwd", 10, sub {
		47	my ($w, $revents) = @_;
		48	warn $w->path, " has changed somehow.\n";
43	};	49	};
44		50
45	# MAINLOOP	51	# MAINLOOP
46	EV::loop; # loop until EV::unloop is called or all watchers stop	52	EV::loop; # loop until EV::unloop is called or all watchers stop
47	EV::loop EV::LOOP_ONESHOT; # block until at least one event could be handled	53	EV::loop EV::LOOP_ONESHOT; # block until at least one event could be handled
48	EV::loop EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK; # try to handle same events, but do not block	54	EV::loop EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK; # try to handle same events, but do not block
49		55
50	=head1 DESCRIPTION	56	=head1 DESCRIPTION
51		57
52	This module provides an interface to libev	58	This module provides an interface to libev
53	(L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev.html>).	59	(L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev.html>). While the documentation
		60	below is comprehensive, one might also consult the documentation of libev
		61	itself (L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.html>) for more subtle details on
		62	watcher semantics or some discussion on the available backends, or how to
		63	force a specific backend with C<LIBEV_FLAGS>, or just about in any case
		64	because it has much more detailed information.
		65
		66	This module is very fast and scalable. It is actually so fast that you
		67	can use it through the L<AnyEvent> module, stay portable to other event
		68	loops (if you don't rely on any watcher types not available through it)
		69	and still be faster than with any other event loop currently supported in
		70	Perl.
54		71
55	=cut	72	=cut
56		73
57	package EV;	74	package EV;
58		75
59	use strict;	76	use strict;
60		77
61	BEGIN {	78	BEGIN {
62	our $VERSION = '1.2';	79	our $VERSION = '3.31';
63	use XSLoader;	80	use XSLoader;
64	XSLoader::load "EV", $VERSION;	81	XSLoader::load "EV", $VERSION;
65	}	82	}
66		83
67	@EV::Io::ISA =	84	@EV::IO::ISA =
68	@EV::Timer::ISA =	85	@EV::Timer::ISA =
69	@EV::Periodic::ISA =	86	@EV::Periodic::ISA =
70	@EV::Signal::ISA =	87	@EV::Signal::ISA =
		88	@EV::Child::ISA =
		89	@EV::Stat::ISA =
71	@EV::Idle::ISA =	90	@EV::Idle::ISA =
72	@EV::Prepare::ISA =	91	@EV::Prepare::ISA =
73	@EV::Check::ISA =	92	@EV::Check::ISA =
74	@EV::Child::ISA = "EV::Watcher";	93	@EV::Embed::ISA =
		94	@EV::Fork::ISA =
		95	@EV::Async::ISA =
		96	"EV::Watcher";
		97
		98	@EV::Loop::Default::ISA = "EV::Loop";
		99
		100	=head1 EVENT LOOPS
		101
		102	EV supports multiple event loops: There is a single "default event loop"
		103	that can handle everything including signals and child watchers, and any
		104	number of "dynamic event loops" that can use different backends (with
		105	various limitations), but no child and signal watchers.
		106
		107	You do not have to do anything to create the default event loop: When
		108	the module is loaded a suitable backend is selected on the premise of
		109	selecting a working backend (which for example rules out kqueue on most
		110	BSDs). Modules should, unless they have "special needs" always use the
		111	default loop as this is fastest (perl-wise), best supported by other
		112	modules (e.g. AnyEvent or Coro) and most portable event loop.
		113
		114	For specific programs you can create additional event loops dynamically.
		115
		116	=over 4
		117
		118	=item $loop = new EV::loop [$flags]
		119
		120	Create a new event loop as per the specified flags. Please refer to the
		121	C<ev_loop_new ()> function description in the libev documentation
		122	(L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#GLOBAL_FUNCTIONS>)
		123	for more info.
		124
		125	The loop will automatically be destroyed when it is no longer referenced
		126	by any watcher and the loop object goes out of scope.
		127
		128	Using C<EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK> is recommended, as only the default event loop
		129	is protected by this module.
		130
		131	=item $loop->loop_fork
		132
		133	Must be called after a fork in the child, before entering or continuing
		134	the event loop. An alternative is to use C<EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK> which calls
		135	this fucntion automatically, at some performance loss (refer to the libev
		136	documentation).
		137
		138	=item $loop = EV::default_loop [$flags]
		139
		140	Return the default loop (which is a singleton object).
		141
		142	=back
		143
75		144
76	=head1 BASIC INTERFACE	145	=head1 BASIC INTERFACE
77		146
78	=over 4	147	=over 4
79		148
80	=item $EV::DIED	149	=item $EV::DIED
81		150
82	Must contain a reference to a function that is called when a callback	151	Must contain a reference to a function that is called when a callback
83	throws an exception (with $@ containing thr error). The default prints an	152	throws an exception (with $@ containing the error). The default prints an
84	informative message and continues.	153	informative message and continues.
85		154
86	If this callback throws an exception it will be silently ignored.	155	If this callback throws an exception it will be silently ignored.
87		156
		157	=item $flags = EV::supported_backends
		158
		159	=item $flags = EV::recommended_backends
		160
		161	=item $flags = EV::embeddable_backends
		162
		163	Returns the set (see C<EV::BACKEND_*> flags) of backends supported by this
		164	instance of EV, the set of recommended backends (supposed to be good) for
		165	this platform and the set of embeddable backends (see EMBED WATCHERS).
		166
		167	=item EV::sleep $seconds
		168
		169	Block the process for the given number of (fractional) seconds.
		170
88	=item $time = EV::time	171	=item $time = EV::time
89		172
90	Returns the current time in (fractional) seconds since the epoch.	173	Returns the current time in (fractional) seconds since the epoch.
91		174
92	=item $time = EV::now	175	=item $time = EV::now
		176
		177	=item $time = $loop->now
93		178
94	Returns the time the last event loop iteration has been started. This	179	Returns the time the last event loop iteration has been started. This
95	is the time that (relative) timers are based on, and refering to it is	180	is the time that (relative) timers are based on, and refering to it is
96	usually faster then calling EV::time.	181	usually faster then calling EV::time.
97		182
98	=item $method = EV::method	183	=item $backend = EV::backend
		184
		185	=item $backend = $loop->backend
99		186
100	Returns an integer describing the backend used by libev (EV::METHOD_SELECT	187	Returns an integer describing the backend used by libev (EV::METHOD_SELECT
101	or EV::METHOD_EPOLL).	188	or EV::METHOD_EPOLL).
102		189
103	=item EV::loop [$flags]	190	=item EV::loop [$flags]
		191
		192	=item $loop->loop ([$flags])
104		193
105	Begin checking for events and calling callbacks. It returns when a	194	Begin checking for events and calling callbacks. It returns when a
106	callback calls EV::unloop.	195	callback calls EV::unloop.
107		196
108	The $flags argument can be one of the following:	197	The $flags argument can be one of the following:
…		…
111	EV::LOOP_ONESHOT block at most once (wait, but do not loop)	200	EV::LOOP_ONESHOT block at most once (wait, but do not loop)
112	EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK do not block at all (fetch/handle events but do not wait)	201	EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK do not block at all (fetch/handle events but do not wait)
113		202
114	=item EV::unloop [$how]	203	=item EV::unloop [$how]
115		204
		205	=item $loop->unloop ([$how])
		206
116	When called with no arguments or an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ONE, makes the	207	When called with no arguments or an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ONE, makes the
117	innermost call to EV::loop return.	208	innermost call to EV::loop return.
118		209
119	When called with an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ALL, all calls to EV::loop will return as	210	When called with an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ALL, all calls to EV::loop will return as
120	fast as possible.	211	fast as possible.
121		212
		213	=item $count = EV::loop_count
		214
		215	=item $count = $loop->loop_count
		216
		217	Return the number of times the event loop has polled for new
		218	events. Sometiems useful as a generation counter.
		219
122	=item EV::once $fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($events)	220	=item EV::once $fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents)
		221
		222	=item $loop->once ($fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents))
123		223
124	This function rolls together an I/O and a timer watcher for a single	224	This function rolls together an I/O and a timer watcher for a single
125	one-shot event without the need for managing a watcher object.	225	one-shot event without the need for managing a watcher object.
126		226
127	If C<$fh_or_undef> is a filehandle or file descriptor, then C<$events>	227	If C<$fh_or_undef> is a filehandle or file descriptor, then C<$events>
…		…
133	If timeout is C<undef> or negative, then there will be no	233	If timeout is C<undef> or negative, then there will be no
134	timeout. Otherwise a EV::timer with this value will be started.	234	timeout. Otherwise a EV::timer with this value will be started.
135		235
136	When an error occurs or either the timeout or I/O watcher triggers, then	236	When an error occurs or either the timeout or I/O watcher triggers, then
137	the callback will be called with the received event set (in general	237	the callback will be called with the received event set (in general
138	you can expect it to be a combination of C<EV:ERROR>, C<EV::READ>,	238	you can expect it to be a combination of C<EV::ERROR>, C<EV::READ>,
139	C<EV::WRITE> and C<EV::TIMEOUT>).	239	C<EV::WRITE> and C<EV::TIMEOUT>).
140		240
141	EV::once doesn't return anything: the watchers stay active till either	241	EV::once doesn't return anything: the watchers stay active till either
142	of them triggers, then they will be stopped and freed, and the callback	242	of them triggers, then they will be stopped and freed, and the callback
143	invoked.	243	invoked.
144		244
145	=back	245	=item EV::feed_fd_event ($fd, $revents)
146		246
147	=head2 WATCHER	247	=item $loop->feed_fd_event ($fd, $revents)
		248
		249	Feed an event on a file descriptor into EV. EV will react to this call as
		250	if the readyness notifications specified by C<$revents> (a combination of
		251	C<EV::READ> and C<EV::WRITE>) happened on the file descriptor C<$fd>.
		252
		253	=item EV::feed_signal_event ($signal)
		254
		255	Feed a signal event into EV. EV will react to this call as if the signal
		256	specified by C<$signal> had occured.
		257
		258	=item EV::set_io_collect_interval $time
		259
		260	=item $loop->set_io_collect_interval ($time)
		261
		262	=item EV::set_timeout_collect_interval $time
		263
		264	=item $loop->set_timeout_collect_interval ($time)
		265
		266	These advanced functions set the minimum block interval when polling for I/O events and the minimum
		267	wait interval for timer events. See the libev documentation at
		268	L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#FUNCTIONS_CONTROLLING_THE_EVENT_LOOP> for
		269	a more detailed discussion.
		270
		271	=back
		272
		273
		274	=head1 WATCHER OBJECTS
148		275
149	A watcher is an object that gets created to record your interest in some	276	A watcher is an object that gets created to record your interest in some
150	event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to become readable, you	277	event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to become readable, you
151	would create an EV::io watcher for that:	278	would create an EV::io watcher for that:
152		279
153	my $watcher = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub {	280	my $watcher = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub {
154	my ($watcher, $revents) = @_;	281	my ($watcher, $revents) = @_;
155	warn "yeah, STDIN should not be readable without blocking!\n"	282	warn "yeah, STDIN should now be readable without blocking!\n"
156	};	283	};
157		284
158	All watchers can be active (waiting for events) or inactive (paused). Only	285	All watchers can be active (waiting for events) or inactive (paused). Only
159	active watchers will have their callbacks invoked. All callbacks will be	286	active watchers will have their callbacks invoked. All callbacks will be
160	called with at least two arguments: the watcher and a bitmask of received	287	called with at least two arguments: the watcher and a bitmask of received
161	events.	288	events.
162		289
163	Each watcher type has its associated bit in revents, so you can use the	290	Each watcher type has its associated bit in revents, so you can use the
164	same callback for multiple watchers. The event mask is named after the	291	same callback for multiple watchers. The event mask is named after the
165	type, i..e. EV::child sets EV::CHILD, EV::prepare sets EV::PREPARE,	292	type, i..e. EV::child sets EV::CHILD, EV::prepare sets EV::PREPARE,
166	EV::periodic sets EV::PERIODIC and so on, with the exception of IO events	293	EV::periodic sets EV::PERIODIC and so on, with the exception of I/O events
167	(which can set both EV::READ and EV::WRITE bits), and EV::timer (which	294	(which can set both EV::READ and EV::WRITE bits), and EV::timer (which
168	uses EV::TIMEOUT).	295	uses EV::TIMEOUT).
169		296
170	In the rare case where one wants to create a watcher but not start it at	297	In the rare case where one wants to create a watcher but not start it at
171	the same time, each constructor has a variant with a trailing C<_ns> in	298	the same time, each constructor has a variant with a trailing C<_ns> in
…		…
177		304
178	Also, all methods changing some aspect of a watcher (->set, ->priority,	305	Also, all methods changing some aspect of a watcher (->set, ->priority,
179	->fh and so on) automatically stop and start it again if it is active,	306	->fh and so on) automatically stop and start it again if it is active,
180	which means pending events get lost.	307	which means pending events get lost.
181		308
182	=head2 WATCHER TYPES	309	=head2 COMMON WATCHER METHODS
183		310
184	Now lets move to the existing watcher types and asociated methods.	311	This section lists methods common to all watchers.
185
186	The following methods are available for all watchers. Then followes a
187	description of each watcher constructor (EV::io, EV::timer, EV::periodic,
188	EV::signal, EV::child, EV::idle, EV::prepare and EV::check), followed by
189	any type-specific methods (if any).
190		312
191	=over 4	313	=over 4
192		314
193	=item $w->start	315	=item $w->start
194		316
…		…
198		320
199	=item $w->stop	321	=item $w->stop
200		322
201	Stop a watcher if it is active. Also clear any pending events (events that	323	Stop a watcher if it is active. Also clear any pending events (events that
202	have been received but that didn't yet result in a callback invocation),	324	have been received but that didn't yet result in a callback invocation),
203	regardless of wether the watcher was active or not.	325	regardless of whether the watcher was active or not.
204		326
205	=item $bool = $w->is_active	327	=item $bool = $w->is_active
206		328
207	Returns true if the watcher is active, false otherwise.	329	Returns true if the watcher is active, false otherwise.
208		330
…		…
233	watchers with higher priority will be invoked first. The valid range of	355	watchers with higher priority will be invoked first. The valid range of
234	priorities lies between EV::MAXPRI (default 2) and EV::MINPRI (default	356	priorities lies between EV::MAXPRI (default 2) and EV::MINPRI (default
235	-2). If the priority is outside this range it will automatically be	357	-2). If the priority is outside this range it will automatically be
236	normalised to the nearest valid priority.	358	normalised to the nearest valid priority.
237		359
238	The default priority of any newly-created weatcher is 0.	360	The default priority of any newly-created watcher is 0.
239		361
		362	Note that the priority semantics have not yet been fleshed out and are
		363	subject to almost certain change.
		364
240	=item $w->trigger ($revents)	365	=item $w->invoke ($revents)
241		366
242	Call the callback now with the given event mask.	367	Call the callback now with the given event mask.
243		368
		369	=item $w->feed_event ($revents)
		370
		371	Feed some events on this watcher into EV. EV will react to this call as if
		372	the watcher had received the given C<$revents> mask.
		373
		374	=item $revents = $w->clear_pending
		375
		376	If the watcher is pending, this function clears its pending status and
		377	returns its C<$revents> bitset (as if its callback was invoked). If the
		378	watcher isn't pending it does nothing and returns C<0>.
		379
		380	=item $previous_state = $w->keepalive ($bool)
		381
		382	Normally, C<EV::loop> will return when there are no active watchers
		383	(which is a "deadlock" because no progress can be made anymore). This is
		384	convinient because it allows you to start your watchers (and your jobs),
		385	call C<EV::loop> once and when it returns you know that all your jobs are
		386	finished (or they forgot to register some watchers for their task :).
		387
		388	Sometimes, however, this gets in your way, for example when the module
		389	that calls C<EV::loop> (usually the main program) is not the same module
		390	as a long-living watcher (for example a DNS client module written by
		391	somebody else even). Then you might want any outstanding requests to be
		392	handled, but you would not want to keep C<EV::loop> from returning just
		393	because you happen to have this long-running UDP port watcher.
		394
		395	In this case you can clear the keepalive status, which means that even
		396	though your watcher is active, it won't keep C<EV::loop> from returning.
		397
		398	The initial value for keepalive is true (enabled), and you cna change it
		399	any time.
		400
		401	Example: Register an I/O watcher for some UDP socket but do not keep the
		402	event loop from running just because of that watcher.
		403
		404	my $udp_socket = ...
		405	my $udp_watcher = EV::io $udp_socket, EV::READ, sub { ... };
		406	$1000udp_watcher->keepalive (0);
		407
		408	=item $loop = $w->loop
		409
		410	Return the loop that this watcher is attached to.
		411
		412	=back
		413
		414
		415	=head1 WATCHER TYPES
		416
		417	Each of the following subsections describes a single watcher type.
		418
		419	=head3 I/O WATCHERS - is this file descriptor readable or writable?
		420
		421	=over 4
244		422
245	=item $w = EV::io $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback	423	=item $w = EV::io $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback
246		424
247	=item $w = EV::io_ns $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback	425	=item $w = EV::io_ns $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback
248		426
		427	=item $w = $loop->io ($fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback)
		428
		429	=item $w = $loop->io_ns ($fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback)
		430
249	As long as the returned watcher object is alive, call the C<$callback>	431	As long as the returned watcher object is alive, call the C<$callback>
250	when the events specified in C<$eventmask>.	432	when at least one of events specified in C<$eventmask> occurs.
251		433
252	The $eventmask can be one or more of these constants ORed together:	434	The $eventmask can be one or more of these constants ORed together:
253		435
254	EV::READ wait until read() wouldn't block anymore	436	EV::READ wait until read() wouldn't block anymore
255	EV::WRITE wait until write() wouldn't block anymore	437	EV::WRITE wait until write() wouldn't block anymore
…		…
271		453
272	=item $old_eventmask = $w->events ($new_eventmask)	454	=item $old_eventmask = $w->events ($new_eventmask)
273		455
274	Returns the previously set event mask and optionally set a new one.	456	Returns the previously set event mask and optionally set a new one.
275		457
		458	=back
		459
		460
		461	=head3 TIMER WATCHERS - relative and optionally repeating timeouts
		462
		463	=over 4
276		464
277	=item $w = EV::timer $after, $repeat, $callback	465	=item $w = EV::timer $after, $repeat, $callback
278		466
279	=item $w = EV::timer_ns $after, $repeat, $callback	467	=item $w = EV::timer_ns $after, $repeat, $callback
280		468
281	Calls the callback after C<$after> seconds. If C<$repeat> is non-zero,	469	=item $w = $loop->timer ($after, $repeat, $callback)
282	the timer will be restarted (with the $repeat value as $after) after the	470
283	callback returns.	471	=item $w = $loop->timer_ns ($after, $repeat, $callback)
		472
		473	Calls the callback after C<$after> seconds (which may be fractional). If
		474	C<$repeat> is non-zero, the timer will be restarted (with the $repeat
		475	value as $after) after the callback returns.
284		476
285	This means that the callback would be called roughly after C<$after>	477	This means that the callback would be called roughly after C<$after>
286	seconds, and then every C<$repeat> seconds. The timer does his best not	478	seconds, and then every C<$repeat> seconds. The timer does his best not
287	to drift, but it will not invoke the timer more often then once per event	479	to drift, but it will not invoke the timer more often then once per event
288	loop iteration, and might drift in other cases. If that isn't acceptable,	480	loop iteration, and might drift in other cases. If that isn't acceptable,
…		…
294		486
295	The C<timer_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.	487	The C<timer_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
296		488
297	=item $w->set ($after, $repeat)	489	=item $w->set ($after, $repeat)
298		490
299	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be at	491	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be called at
300	any time.	492	any time.
301		493
302	=item $w->again	494	=item $w->again
303		495
304	Similar to the C<start> method, but has special semantics for repeating timers:	496	Similar to the C<start> method, but has special semantics for repeating timers:
…		…
315	This behaviour is useful when you have a timeout for some IO	507	This behaviour is useful when you have a timeout for some IO
316	operation. You create a timer object with the same value for C<$after> and	508	operation. You create a timer object with the same value for C<$after> and
317	C<$repeat>, and then, in the read/write watcher, run the C<again> method	509	C<$repeat>, and then, in the read/write watcher, run the C<again> method
318	on the timeout.	510	on the timeout.
319		511
		512	=back
		513
		514
		515	=head3 PERIODIC WATCHERS - to cron or not to cron?
		516
		517	=over 4
320		518
321	=item $w = EV::periodic $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback	519	=item $w = EV::periodic $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback
322		520
323	=item $w = EV::periodic_ns $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback	521	=item $w = EV::periodic_ns $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback
		522
		523	=item $w = $loop->periodic ($at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback)
		524
		525	=item $w = $loop->periodic_ns ($at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback)
324		526
325	Similar to EV::timer, but is not based on relative timeouts but on	527	Similar to EV::timer, but is not based on relative timeouts but on
326	absolute times. Apart from creating "simple" timers that trigger "at" the	528	absolute times. Apart from creating "simple" timers that trigger "at" the
327	specified time, it can also be used for non-drifting absolute timers and	529	specified time, it can also be used for non-drifting absolute timers and
328	more complex, cron-like, setups that are not adversely affected by time	530	more complex, cron-like, setups that are not adversely affected by time
…		…
338	This time simply fires at the wallclock time C<$at> and doesn't repeat. It	540	This time simply fires at the wallclock time C<$at> and doesn't repeat. It
339	will not adjust when a time jump occurs, that is, if it is to be run	541	will not adjust when a time jump occurs, that is, if it is to be run
340	at January 1st 2011 then it will run when the system time reaches or	542	at January 1st 2011 then it will run when the system time reaches or
341	surpasses this time.	543	surpasses this time.
342		544
343	=item * non-repeating interval timer ($interval > 0, $reschedule_cb = 0)	545	=item * repeating interval timer ($interval > 0, $reschedule_cb = 0)
344		546
345	In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the	547	In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the
346	next C<$at + N * $interval> time (for some integer N) and then repeat,	548	next C<$at + N * $interval> time (for some integer N) and then repeat,
347	regardless of any time jumps.	549	regardless of any time jumps.
348		550
…		…
396		598
397	The C<periodic_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.	599	The C<periodic_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
398		600
399	=item $w->set ($at, $interval, $reschedule_cb)	601	=item $w->set ($at, $interval, $reschedule_cb)
400		602
401	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be at	603	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be called at
402	any time.	604	any time.
403		605
404	=item $w->again	606	=item $w->again
405		607
406	Simply stops and starts the watcher again.	608	Simply stops and starts the watcher again.
407		609
		610	=item $time = $w->at
		611
		612	Return the time that the watcher is expected to trigger next.
		613
		614	=back
		615
		616
		617	=head3 SIGNAL WATCHERS - signal me when a signal gets signalled!
		618
		619	=over 4
408		620
409	=item $w = EV::signal $signal, $callback	621	=item $w = EV::signal $signal, $callback
410		622
411	=item $w = EV::signal_ns $signal, $callback	623	=item $w = EV::signal_ns $signal, $callback
412		624
413	Call the callback when $signal is received (the signal can be specified	625	Call the callback when $signal is received (the signal can be specified by
414	by number or by name, just as with kill or %SIG).	626	number or by name, just as with C<kill> or C<%SIG>).
415		627
416	EV will grab the signal for the process (the kernel only allows one	628	EV will grab the signal for the process (the kernel only allows one
417	component to receive a signal at a time) when you start a signal watcher,	629	component to receive a signal at a time) when you start a signal watcher,
418	and removes it again when you stop it. Perl does the same when you	630	and removes it again when you stop it. Perl does the same when you
419	add/remove callbacks to %SIG, so watch out.	631	add/remove callbacks to C<%SIG>, so watch out.
420		632
421	You can have as many signal watchers per signal as you want.	633	You can have as many signal watchers per signal as you want.
422		634
423	The C<signal_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.	635	The C<signal_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
424		636
425	=item $w->set ($signal)	637	=item $w->set ($signal)
426		638
427	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be at	639	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be
428	any time.	640	called at any time.
429		641
430	=item $current_signum = $w->signal	642	=item $current_signum = $w->signal
431		643
432	=item $old_signum = $w->signal ($new_signal)	644	=item $old_signum = $w->signal ($new_signal)
433		645
434	Returns the previously set signal (always as a number not name) and	646	Returns the previously set signal (always as a number not name) and
435	optionally set a new one.	647	optionally set a new one.
436		648
		649	=back
437		650
		651
		652	=head3 CHILD WATCHERS - watch out for process status changes
		653
		654	=over 4
		655
438	=item $w = EV::child $pid, $callback	656	=item $w = EV::child $pid, $trace, $callback
439		657
440	=item $w = EV::child_ns $pid, $callback	658	=item $w = EV::child_ns $pid, $trace, $callback
		659
		660	=item $w = $loop->child ($pid, $trace, $callback)
		661
		662	=item $w = $loop->child_ns ($pid, $trace, $callback)
441		663
442	Call the callback when a status change for pid C<$pid> (or any pid	664	Call the callback when a status change for pid C<$pid> (or any pid
443	if C<$pid> is 0) has been received. More precisely: when the process	665	if C<$pid> is 0) has been received (a status change happens when the
		666	process terminates or is killed, or, when trace is true, additionally when
		667	it is stopped or continued). More precisely: when the process receives
444	receives a SIGCHLD, EV will fetch the outstanding exit/wait status for all	668	a C<SIGCHLD>, EV will fetch the outstanding exit/wait status for all
445	changed/zombie children and call the callback.	669	changed/zombie children and call the callback.
446		670
447	You can access both status and pid by using the C<rstatus> and C<rpid>	671	It is valid (and fully supported) to install a child watcher after a child
448	methods on the watcher object.	672	has exited but before the event loop has started its next iteration (for
		673	example, first you C<fork>, then the new child process might exit, and
		674	only then do you install a child watcher in the parent for the new pid).
449		675
		676	You can access both exit (or tracing) status and pid by using the
		677	C<rstatus> and C<rpid> methods on the watcher object.
		678
450	You can have as many pid watchers per pid as you want.	679	You can have as many pid watchers per pid as you want, they will all be
		680	called.
451		681
452	The C<child_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.	682	The C<child_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
453		683
454	=item $w->set ($pid)	684	=item $w->set ($pid, $trace)
455		685
456	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be at	686	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be called at
457	any time.	687	any time.
458		688
459	=item $current_pid = $w->pid	689	=item $current_pid = $w->pid
460
461	=item $old_pid = $w->pid ($new_pid)
462		690
463	Returns the previously set process id and optionally set a new one.	691	Returns the previously set process id and optionally set a new one.
464		692
465	=item $exit_status = $w->rstatus	693	=item $exit_status = $w->rstatus
466		694
…		…
470	=item $pid = $w->rpid	698	=item $pid = $w->rpid
471		699
472	Return the pid of the awaited child (useful when you have installed a	700	Return the pid of the awaited child (useful when you have installed a
473	watcher for all pids).	701	watcher for all pids).
474		702
		703	=back
		704
		705
		706	=head3 STAT WATCHERS - did the file attributes just change?
		707
		708	=over 4
		709
		710	=item $w = EV::stat $path, $interval, $callback
		711
		712	=item $w = EV::stat_ns $path, $interval, $callback
		713
		714	=item $w = $loop->stat ($path, $interval, $callback)
		715
		716	=item $w = $loop->stat_ns ($path, $interval, $callback)
		717
		718	Call the callback when a file status change has been detected on
		719	C<$path>. The C<$path> does not need to exist, changing from "path exists"
		720	to "path does not exist" is a status change like any other.
		721
		722	The C<$interval> is a recommended polling interval for systems where
		723	OS-supported change notifications don't exist or are not supported. If
		724	you use C<0> then an unspecified default is used (which is highly
		725	recommended!), which is to be expected to be around five seconds usually.
		726
		727	This watcher type is not meant for massive numbers of stat watchers,
		728	as even with OS-supported change notifications, this can be
		729	resource-intensive.
		730
		731	The C<stat_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
		732
		733	=item ... = $w->stat
		734
		735	This call is very similar to the perl C<stat> built-in: It stats (using
		736	C<lstat>) the path specified in the watcher and sets perls stat cache (as
		737	well as EV's idea of the current stat values) to the values found.
		738
		739	In scalar context, a boolean is return indicating success or failure of
		740	the stat. In list context, the same 13-value list as with stat is returned
		741	(except that the blksize and blocks fields are not reliable).
		742
		743	In the case of an error, errno is set to C<ENOENT> (regardless of the
		744	actual error value) and the C<nlink> value is forced to zero (if the stat
		745	was successful then nlink is guaranteed to be non-zero).
		746
		747	See also the next two entries for more info.
		748
		749	=item ... = $w->attr
		750
		751	Just like C<< $w->stat >>, but without the initial stat'ing: this returns
		752	the values most recently detected by EV. See the next entry for more info.
		753
		754	=item ... = $w->prev
		755
		756	Just like C<< $w->stat >>, but without the initial stat'ing: this returns
		757	the previous set of values, before the change.
		758
		759	That is, when the watcher callback is invoked, C<< $w->prev >> will be set
		760	to the values found I<before> a change was detected, while C<< $w->attr >>
		761	returns the values found leading to the change detection. The difference (if any)
		762	between C<prev> and C<attr> is what triggered the callback.
		763
		764	If you did something to the filesystem object and do not want to trigger
		765	yet another change, you can call C<stat> to update EV's idea of what the
		766	current attributes are.
		767
		768	=item $w->set ($path, $interval)
		769
		770	Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be
		771	called at any time.
		772
		773	=item $current_path = $w->path
		774
		775	=item $old_path = $w->path ($new_path)
		776
		777	Returns the previously set path and optionally set a new one.
		778
		779	=item $current_interval = $w->interval
		780
		781	=item $old_interval = $w->interval ($new_interval)
		782
		783	Returns the previously set interval and optionally set a new one. Can be
		784	used to query the actual interval used.
		785
		786	=back
		787
		788
		789	=head3 IDLE WATCHERS - when you've got nothing better to do...
		790
		791	=over 4
475		792
476	=item $w = EV::idle $callback	793	=item $w = EV::idle $callback
477		794
478	=item $w = EV::idle_ns $callback	795	=item $w = EV::idle_ns $callback
479		796
480	Call the callback when there are no pending io, timer/periodic, signal or	797	=item $w = $loop->idle ($callback)
481	child events, i.e. when the process is idle.	798
		799	=item $w = $loop->idle_ns ($callback)
		800
		801	Call the callback when there are no other pending watchers of the same or
		802	higher priority (excluding check, prepare and other idle watchers of the
		803	same or lower priority, of course). They are called idle watchers because
		804	when the watcher is the highest priority pending event in the process, the
		805	process is considered to be idle at that priority.
		806
		807	If you want a watcher that is only ever called when I<no> other events are
		808	outstanding you have to set the priority to C<EV::MINPRI>.
482		809
483	The process will not block as long as any idle watchers are active, and	810	The process will not block as long as any idle watchers are active, and
484	they will be called repeatedly until stopped.	811	they will be called repeatedly until stopped.
485		812
		813	For example, if you have idle watchers at priority C<0> and C<1>, and
		814	an I/O watcher at priority C<0>, then the idle watcher at priority C<1>
		815	and the I/O watcher will always run when ready. Only when the idle watcher
		816	at priority C<1> is stopped and the I/O watcher at priority C<0> is not
		817	pending with the C<0>-priority idle watcher be invoked.
		818
486	The C<idle_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.	819	The C<idle_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
487		820
		821	=back
		822
		823
		824	=head3 PREPARE WATCHERS - customise your event loop!
		825
		826	=over 4
488		827
489	=item $w = EV::prepare $callback	828	=item $w = EV::prepare $callback
490		829
491	=item $w = EV::prepare_ns $callback	830	=item $w = EV::prepare_ns $callback
		831
		832	=item $w = $loop->prepare ($callback)
		833
		834	=item $w = $loop->prepare_ns ($callback)
492		835
493	Call the callback just before the process would block. You can still	836	Call the callback just before the process would block. You can still
494	create/modify any watchers at this point.	837	create/modify any watchers at this point.
495		838
496	See the EV::check watcher, below, for explanations and an example.	839	See the EV::check watcher, below, for explanations and an example.
497		840
498	The C<prepare_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.	841	The C<prepare_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
499		842
		843	=back
		844
		845
		846	=head3 CHECK WATCHERS - customise your event loop even more!
		847
		848	=over 4
500		849
501	=item $w = EV::check $callback	850	=item $w = EV::check $callback
502		851
503	=item $w = EV::check_ns $callback	852	=item $w = EV::check_ns $callback
		853
		854	=item $w = $loop->check ($callback)
		855
		856	=item $w = $loop->check_ns ($callback)
504		857
505	Call the callback just after the process wakes up again (after it has	858	Call the callback just after the process wakes up again (after it has
506	gathered events), but before any other callbacks have been invoked.	859	gathered events), but before any other callbacks have been invoked.
507		860
508	This is used to integrate other event-based software into the EV	861	This is used to integrate other event-based software into the EV
…		…
518	or return;	871	or return;
519		872
520	# make the dispatcher handle any outstanding stuff	873	# make the dispatcher handle any outstanding stuff
521	... not shown	874	... not shown
522		875
523	# create an IO watcher for each and every socket	876	# create an I/O watcher for each and every socket
524	@snmp_watcher = (	877	@snmp_watcher = (
525	(map { EV::io $_, EV::READ, sub { } }	878	(map { EV::io $_, EV::READ, sub { } }
526	keys %{ $dispatcher->{_descriptors} }),	879	keys %{ $dispatcher->{_descriptors} }),
527		880
528	EV::timer +($event->[Net::SNMP::Dispatcher::_ACTIVE]	881	EV::timer +($event->[Net::SNMP::Dispatcher::_ACTIVE]
…		…
549	first).	902	first).
550		903
551	The C<check_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.	904	The C<check_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
552		905
553	=back	906	=back
		907
		908
		909	=head3 FORK WATCHERS - the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork
		910
		911	Fork watchers are called when a C<fork ()> was detected. The invocation
		912	is done before the event loop blocks next and before C<check> watchers
		913	are being called, and only in the child after the fork.
		914
		915	=over 4
		916
		917	=item $w = EV::fork $callback
		918
		919	=item $w = EV::fork_ns $callback
		920
		921	=item $w = $loop->fork ($callback)
		922
		923	=item $w = $loop->fork_ns ($callback)
		924
		925	Call the callback before the event loop is resumed in the child process
		926	after a fork.
		927
		928	The C<fork_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
		929
		930	=back
		931
		932
		933	=head3 EMBED WATCHERS - when one backend isn't enough...
		934
		935	This is a rather advanced watcher type that lets you embed one event loop
		936	into another (currently only IO events are supported in the embedded
		937	loop, other types of watchers might be handled in a delayed or incorrect
		938	fashion and must not be used).
		939
		940	See the libev documentation at
		941	L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#code_ev_embed_code_when_one_backend_>
		942	for more details.
		943
		944	In short, this watcher is most useful on BSD systems without working
		945	kqueue to still be able to handle a large number of sockets:
		946
		947	my $socket_loop;
		948
		949	# check wether we use SELECT or POLL _and_ KQUEUE is supported
		950	if (
		951	(EV::backend & (EV::BACKEND_POLL \| EV::BACKEND_SELECT))
		952	&& (EV::supported_backends & EV::embeddable_backends & EV::BACKEND_KQUEUE)
		953	) {
		954	# use kqueue for sockets
		955	$socket_loop = new EV::Loop EV::BACKEND_KQUEUE \| EV::FLAG_NOENV;
		956	}
		957
		958	# use the default loop otherwise
		959	$socket_loop \|\|= EV::default_loop;
		960
		961	=over 4
		962
		963	=item $w = EV::embed $otherloop, $callback
		964
		965	=item $w = EV::embed_ns $otherloop, $callback
		966
		967	=item $w = $loop->embed ($otherloop, $callback)
		968
		969	=item $w = $loop->embed_ns ($otherloop, $callback)
		970
		971	Call the callback when the embedded event loop (C<$otherloop>) has any
		972	I/O activity. The C<$callback> should alwas be specified as C<undef> in
		973	this version of EV, which means the embedded event loop will be managed
		974	automatically.
		975
		976	The C<embed_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher.
		977
		978	=back
		979
		980	=head3 ASYNC WATCHERS - how to wake up another event loop
		981
		982	Async watchers are provided by EV, but have little use in perl directly, as perl
		983	neither supports threads nor direct access to signal handlers or other
		984	contexts where they could be of value.
		985
		986	It is, however, possible to use them from the XS level.
		987
		988	Please see the libev documentation for further details.
		989
		990	=over 4
		991
		992	=item $w = EV::async $callback
		993
		994	=item $w = EV::async_ns $callback
		995
		996	=item $w->send
		997
		998	=item $bool = $w->async_pending
		999
		1000	=back
		1001
		1002
		1003	=head1 PERL SIGNALS
		1004
		1005	While Perl signal handling (C<%SIG>) is not affected by EV, the behaviour
		1006	with EV is as the same as any other C library: Perl-signals will only be
		1007	handled when Perl runs, which means your signal handler might be invoked
		1008	only the next time an event callback is invoked.
		1009
		1010	The solution is to use EV signal watchers (see C<EV::signal>), which will
		1011	ensure proper operations with regards to other event watchers.
		1012
		1013	If you cannot do this for whatever reason, you can also force a watcher
		1014	to be called on every event loop iteration by installing a C<EV::check>
		1015	watcher:
		1016
		1017	my $async_check = EV::check sub { };
		1018
		1019	This ensures that perl gets into control for a short time to handle any
		1020	pending signals, and also ensures (slightly) slower overall operation.
554		1021
555	=head1 THREADS	1022	=head1 THREADS
556		1023
557	Threads are not supported by this module in any way. Perl pseudo-threads	1024	Threads are not supported by this module in any way. Perl pseudo-threads
558	is evil stuff and must die. As soon as Perl gains real threads I will work	1025	is evil stuff and must die. As soon as Perl gains real threads I will work
…		…
580	our $DIED = sub {	1047	our $DIED = sub {
581	warn "EV: error in callback (ignoring): $@";	1048	warn "EV: error in callback (ignoring): $@";
582	};	1049	};
583		1050
584	default_loop	1051	default_loop
585	or die 'EV: cannot initialise libev backend. bad $ENV{LIBEV_METHODS}?';	1052	or die 'EV: cannot initialise libev backend. bad $ENV{LIBEV_FLAGS}?';
586		1053
587	1;	1054	1;
588		1055
589	=head1 SEE ALSO	1056	=head1 SEE ALSO
590		1057
591	L<EV::DNS>.	1058	L<EV::ADNS> (asynchronous DNS), L<Glib::EV> (makes Glib/Gtk2 use EV as
		1059	event loop), L<EV::Glib> (embed Glib into EV), L<Coro::EV> (efficient
		1060	coroutines with EV), L<Net::SNMP::EV> (asynchronous SNMP), L<AnyEvent> for
		1061	event-loop agnostic and portable event driven programming.
592		1062
593	=head1 AUTHOR	1063	=head1 AUTHOR
594		1064
595	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>	1065	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
596	http://home.schmorp.de/	1066	http://home.schmorp.de/

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Comparing EV/EV.pm (file contents): Revision 1.47 by root, Fri Nov 23 13:08:55 2007 UTC vs. Revision 1.90 by root, Sat Apr 26 03:34:24 2008 UTC

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Comparing EV/EV.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.47 by root, Fri Nov 23 13:08:55 2007 UTC vs.
Revision 1.90 by root, Sat Apr 26 03:34:24 2008 UTC