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54 | |
54 | |
55 | DESCRIPTION |
55 | DESCRIPTION |
56 | This module provides an interface to libev |
56 | This module provides an interface to libev |
57 | (<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev.html>). While the documentation |
57 | (<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev.html>). While the documentation |
58 | below is comprehensive, one might also consult the documentation of |
58 | below is comprehensive, one might also consult the documentation of |
59 | libev itself (<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod>) |
59 | libev itself (<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod> or |
60 | for more subtle details on watcher semantics or some discussion on the |
60 | perldoc EV::libev) for more subtle details on watcher semantics or some |
61 | available backends, or how to force a specific backend with |
61 | discussion on the available backends, or how to force a specific backend |
62 | "LIBEV_FLAGS", or just about in any case because it has much more |
62 | with "LIBEV_FLAGS", or just about in any case because it has much more |
63 | detailed information. |
63 | detailed information. |
64 | |
64 | |
65 | This module is very fast and scalable. It is actually so fast that you |
65 | This module is very fast and scalable. It is actually so fast that you |
66 | can use it through the AnyEvent module, stay portable to other event |
66 | can use it through the AnyEvent module, stay portable to other event |
67 | loops (if you don't rely on any watcher types not available through it) |
67 | loops (if you don't rely on any watcher types not available through it) |
68 | and still be faster than with any other event loop currently supported |
68 | and still be faster than with any other event loop currently supported |
69 | in Perl. |
69 | in Perl. |
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70 | |
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71 | MODULE EXPORTS |
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72 | This module does not export any symbols. |
70 | |
73 | |
71 | EVENT LOOPS |
74 | EVENT LOOPS |
72 | EV supports multiple event loops: There is a single "default event loop" |
75 | EV supports multiple event loops: There is a single "default event loop" |
73 | that can handle everything including signals and child watchers, and any |
76 | that can handle everything including signals and child watchers, and any |
74 | number of "dynamic event loops" that can use different backends (with |
77 | number of "dynamic event loops" that can use different backends (with |
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81 | default loop as this is fastest (perl-wise), best supported by other |
84 | default loop as this is fastest (perl-wise), best supported by other |
82 | modules (e.g. AnyEvent or Coro) and most portable event loop. |
85 | modules (e.g. AnyEvent or Coro) and most portable event loop. |
83 | |
86 | |
84 | For specific programs you can create additional event loops dynamically. |
87 | For specific programs you can create additional event loops dynamically. |
85 | |
88 | |
86 | If you want to take avdantage of kqueue (which often works properly for |
89 | If you want to take advantage of kqueue (which often works properly for |
87 | sockets only) even though the default loop doesn't enable it, you can |
90 | sockets only) even though the default loop doesn't enable it, you can |
88 | *embed* a kqueue loop into the default loop: running the default loop |
91 | *embed* a kqueue loop into the default loop: running the default loop |
89 | will then also service the kqueue loop to some extent. See the example |
92 | will then also service the kqueue loop to some extent. See the example |
90 | in the section about embed watchers for an example on how to achieve |
93 | in the section about embed watchers for an example on how to achieve |
91 | that. |
94 | that. |
92 | |
95 | |
93 | $loop = new EV::loop [$flags] |
96 | $loop = new EV::loop [$flags] |
94 | Create a new event loop as per the specified flags. Please refer to |
97 | Create a new event loop as per the specified flags. Please refer to |
95 | the "ev_loop_new ()" function description in the libev documentation |
98 | the "ev_loop_new ()" function description in the libev documentation |
96 | (<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#GLOBAL_FUNCTI |
99 | (<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#GLOBAL_FUNCTI |
97 | ONS>) for more info. |
100 | ONS>, or locally-installed as EV::libev manpage) for more info. |
98 | |
101 | |
99 | The loop will automatically be destroyed when it is no longer |
102 | The loop will automatically be destroyed when it is no longer |
100 | referenced by any watcher and the loop object goes out of scope. |
103 | referenced by any watcher and the loop object goes out of scope. |
101 | |
104 | |
102 | Using "EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK" is recommended, as only the default event |
105 | If you are not embedding the loop, then Using "EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK" |
103 | loop is protected by this module. |
106 | is recommended, as only the default event loop is protected by this |
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107 | module. If you *are* embedding this loop in the default loop, this |
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108 | is not necessary, as "EV::embed" automatically does the right thing |
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109 | on fork. |
104 | |
110 | |
105 | $loop->loop_fork |
111 | $loop->loop_fork |
106 | Must be called after a fork in the child, before entering or |
112 | Must be called after a fork in the child, before entering or |
107 | continuing the event loop. An alternative is to use |
113 | continuing the event loop. An alternative is to use |
108 | "EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK" which calls this function automatically, at |
114 | "EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK" which calls this function automatically, at |
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143 | Returns the current time in (fractional) seconds since the epoch. |
149 | Returns the current time in (fractional) seconds since the epoch. |
144 | |
150 | |
145 | $time = EV::now |
151 | $time = EV::now |
146 | $time = $loop->now |
152 | $time = $loop->now |
147 | Returns the time the last event loop iteration has been started. |
153 | Returns the time the last event loop iteration has been started. |
148 | This is the time that (relative) timers are based on, and refering |
154 | This is the time that (relative) timers are based on, and referring |
149 | to it is usually faster then calling EV::time. |
155 | to it is usually faster then calling EV::time. |
150 | |
156 | |
151 | $backend = EV::backend |
157 | $backend = EV::backend |
152 | $backend = $loop->backend |
158 | $backend = $loop->backend |
153 | Returns an integer describing the backend used by libev |
159 | Returns an integer describing the backend used by libev |
154 | (EV::METHOD_SELECT or EV::METHOD_EPOLL). |
160 | (EV::BACKEND_SELECT or EV::BACKEND_EPOLL). |
155 | |
161 | |
156 | EV::loop [$flags] |
162 | EV::loop [$flags] |
157 | $loop->loop ([$flags]) |
163 | $loop->loop ([$flags]) |
158 | Begin checking for events and calling callbacks. It returns when a |
164 | Begin checking for events and calling callbacks. It returns when a |
159 | callback calls EV::unloop. |
165 | callback calls EV::unloop. |
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173 | EV::loop will return as fast as possible. |
179 | EV::loop will return as fast as possible. |
174 | |
180 | |
175 | $count = EV::loop_count |
181 | $count = EV::loop_count |
176 | $count = $loop->loop_count |
182 | $count = $loop->loop_count |
177 | Return the number of times the event loop has polled for new events. |
183 | Return the number of times the event loop has polled for new events. |
178 | Sometiems useful as a generation counter. |
184 | Sometimes useful as a generation counter. |
179 | |
185 | |
180 | EV::once $fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents) |
186 | EV::once $fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents) |
181 | $loop->once ($fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents)) |
187 | $loop->once ($fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents)) |
182 | This function rolls together an I/O and a timer watcher for a single |
188 | This function rolls together an I/O and a timer watcher for a single |
183 | one-shot event without the need for managing a watcher object. |
189 | one-shot event without the need for managing a watcher object. |
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217 | $loop->set_timeout_collect_interval ($time) |
223 | $loop->set_timeout_collect_interval ($time) |
218 | These advanced functions set the minimum block interval when polling |
224 | These advanced functions set the minimum block interval when polling |
219 | for I/O events and the minimum wait interval for timer events. See |
225 | for I/O events and the minimum wait interval for timer events. See |
220 | the libev documentation at |
226 | the libev documentation at |
221 | <http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#FUNCTIONS_CONT |
227 | <http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#FUNCTIONS_CONT |
222 | ROLLING_THE_EVENT_LOOP> for a more detailed discussion. |
228 | ROLLING_THE_EVENT_LOOP> (locally installed as EV::libev) for a more |
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229 | detailed discussion. |
223 | |
230 | |
224 | WATCHER OBJECTS |
231 | WATCHER OBJECTS |
225 | A watcher is an object that gets created to record your interest in some |
232 | A watcher is an object that gets created to record your interest in some |
226 | event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to become readable, |
233 | event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to become readable, |
227 | you would create an EV::io watcher for that: |
234 | you would create an EV::io watcher for that: |
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236 | will be called with at least two arguments: the watcher and a bitmask of |
243 | will be called with at least two arguments: the watcher and a bitmask of |
237 | received events. |
244 | received events. |
238 | |
245 | |
239 | Each watcher type has its associated bit in revents, so you can use the |
246 | Each watcher type has its associated bit in revents, so you can use the |
240 | same callback for multiple watchers. The event mask is named after the |
247 | same callback for multiple watchers. The event mask is named after the |
241 | type, i..e. EV::child sets EV::CHILD, EV::prepare sets EV::PREPARE, |
248 | type, i.e. EV::child sets EV::CHILD, EV::prepare sets EV::PREPARE, |
242 | EV::periodic sets EV::PERIODIC and so on, with the exception of I/O |
249 | EV::periodic sets EV::PERIODIC and so on, with the exception of I/O |
243 | events (which can set both EV::READ and EV::WRITE bits), and EV::timer |
250 | events (which can set both EV::READ and EV::WRITE bits), and EV::timer |
244 | (which uses EV::TIMEOUT). |
251 | (which uses EV::TIMEOUT). |
245 | |
252 | |
246 | In the rare case where one wants to create a watcher but not start it at |
253 | In the rare case where one wants to create a watcher but not start it at |
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331 | |
338 | |
332 | In this case you can clear the keepalive status, which means that |
339 | In this case you can clear the keepalive status, which means that |
333 | even though your watcher is active, it won't keep "EV::loop" from |
340 | even though your watcher is active, it won't keep "EV::loop" from |
334 | returning. |
341 | returning. |
335 | |
342 | |
336 | The initial value for keepalive is true (enabled), and you cna |
343 | The initial value for keepalive is true (enabled), and you can |
337 | change it any time. |
344 | change it any time. |
338 | |
345 | |
339 | Example: Register an I/O watcher for some UDP socket but do not keep |
346 | Example: Register an I/O watcher for some UDP socket but do not keep |
340 | the event loop from running just because of that watcher. |
347 | the event loop from running just because of that watcher. |
341 | |
348 | |
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741 | # make the dispatcher handle any new stuff |
748 | # make the dispatcher handle any new stuff |
742 | ... not shown |
749 | ... not shown |
743 | }; |
750 | }; |
744 | |
751 | |
745 | The callbacks of the created watchers will not be called as the |
752 | The callbacks of the created watchers will not be called as the |
746 | watchers are destroyed before this cna happen (remember EV::check |
753 | watchers are destroyed before this can happen (remember EV::check |
747 | gets called first). |
754 | gets called first). |
748 | |
755 | |
749 | The "check_ns" variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created |
756 | The "check_ns" variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created |
750 | watcher. |
757 | watcher. |
751 | |
758 | |
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770 | embedded loop, other types of watchers might be handled in a delayed or |
777 | embedded loop, other types of watchers might be handled in a delayed or |
771 | incorrect fashion and must not be used). |
778 | incorrect fashion and must not be used). |
772 | |
779 | |
773 | See the libev documentation at |
780 | See the libev documentation at |
774 | <http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#code_ev_embed_code |
781 | <http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#code_ev_embed_code |
775 | _when_one_backend_> for more details. |
782 | _when_one_backend_> (locally installed as EV::libev) for more details. |
776 | |
783 | |
777 | In short, this watcher is most useful on BSD systems without working |
784 | In short, this watcher is most useful on BSD systems without working |
778 | kqueue to still be able to handle a large number of sockets: |
785 | kqueue to still be able to handle a large number of sockets: |
779 | |
786 | |
780 | my $socket_loop; |
787 | my $socket_loop; |
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789 | } |
796 | } |
790 | |
797 | |
791 | # use the default loop otherwise |
798 | # use the default loop otherwise |
792 | $socket_loop ||= EV::default_loop; |
799 | $socket_loop ||= EV::default_loop; |
793 | |
800 | |
794 | $w = EV::embed $otherloop, $callback |
801 | $w = EV::embed $otherloop[, $callback] |
795 | $w = EV::embed_ns $otherloop, $callback |
802 | $w = EV::embed_ns $otherloop[, $callback] |
796 | $w = $loop->embed ($otherloop, $callback) |
803 | $w = $loop->embed ($otherloop[, $callback]) |
797 | $w = $loop->embed_ns ($otherloop, $callback) |
804 | $w = $loop->embed_ns ($otherloop[, $callback]) |
798 | Call the callback when the embedded event loop ($otherloop) has any |
805 | Call the callback when the embedded event loop ($otherloop) has any |
799 | I/O activity. The $callback should alwas be specified as "undef" in |
806 | I/O activity. The $callback is optional: if it is missing, then the |
800 | this version of EV, which means the embedded event loop will be |
807 | embedded event loop will be managed automatically (which is |
801 | managed automatically. |
808 | recommended), otherwise you have to invoke "sweep" yourself. |
802 | |
809 | |
803 | The "embed_ns" variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created |
810 | The "embed_ns" variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created |
804 | watcher. |
811 | watcher. |
805 | |
812 | |
806 | ASYNC WATCHERS - how to wake up another event loop |
813 | ASYNC WATCHERS - how to wake up another event loop |