[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/IO-AIO/AIO.pm

Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.41 by root, Wed Sep 7 17:41:17 2005 UTC vs.
Revision 1.71 by root, Tue Oct 24 11:57:30 2006 UTC

…		…
15		15
16	aio_read $fh, 30000, 1024, $buffer, 0, sub {	16	aio_read $fh, 30000, 1024, $buffer, 0, sub {
17	$_[0] > 0 or die "read error: $!";	17	$_[0] > 0 or die "read error: $!";
18	};	18	};
19		19
20	# Event	20	# version 2+ has request and group objects
		21	use IO::AIO 2;
		22
		23	aioreq_pri 4; # give next request a very high priority
		24	my $req = aio_unlink "/tmp/file", sub { };
		25	$req->cancel; # cancel request if still in queue
		26
		27	my $grp = aio_group sub { print "all stats done\n" };
		28	add $grp aio_stat "..." for ...;
		29
		30	# AnyEvent integration
		31	open my $fh, "<&=" . IO::AIO::poll_fileno or die "$!";
		32	my $w = AnyEvent->io (fh => $fh, poll => 'r', cb => sub { IO::AIO::poll_cb });
		33
		34	# Event integration
21	Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,	35	Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
22	poll => 'r',	36	poll => 'r',
23	cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);	37	cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
24		38
25	# Glib/Gtk2	39	# Glib/Gtk2 integration
26	add_watch Glib::IO IO::AIO::poll_fileno,	40	add_watch Glib::IO IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
27	in => sub { IO::AIO::poll_cb; 1 };	41	in => sub { IO::AIO::poll_cb; 1 };
28		42
29	# Tk	43	# Tk integration
30	Tk::Event::IO->fileevent (IO::AIO::poll_fileno, "",	44	Tk::Event::IO->fileevent (IO::AIO::poll_fileno, "",
31	readable => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);	45	readable => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
32		46
33	# Danga::Socket	47	# Danga::Socket integration
34	Danga::Socket->AddOtherFds (IO::AIO::poll_fileno =>	48	Danga::Socket->AddOtherFds (IO::AIO::poll_fileno =>
35	\&IO::AIO::poll_cb);	49	\&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
36		50
37
38	=head1 DESCRIPTION	51	=head1 DESCRIPTION
39		52
40	This module implements asynchronous I/O using whatever means your	53	This module implements asynchronous I/O using whatever means your
41	operating system supports.	54	operating system supports.
42		55
43	Currently, a number of threads are started that execute your read/writes	56	Currently, a number of threads are started that execute your read/writes
44	and signal their completion. You don't need thread support in your libc or	57	and signal their completion. You don't need thread support in perl, and
45	perl, and the threads created by this module will not be visible to the	58	the threads created by this module will not be visible to perl. In the
46	pthreads library. In the future, this module might make use of the native	59	future, this module might make use of the native aio functions available
47	aio functions available on many operating systems. However, they are often	60	on many operating systems. However, they are often not well-supported
48	not well-supported (Linux doesn't allow them on normal files currently,	61	(Linux doesn't allow them on normal files currently, for example),
49	for example), and they would only support aio_read and aio_write, so the	62	and they would only support aio_read and aio_write, so the remaining
50	remaining functionality would have to be implemented using threads anyway.	63	functionality would have to be implemented using threads anyway.
51		64
52	Although the module will work with in the presence of other threads, it is	65	Although the module will work with in the presence of other threads,
53	currently not reentrant, so use appropriate locking yourself, always call	66	it is currently not reentrant in any way, so use appropriate locking
54	C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never call C<poll_cb> (or other	67	yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never
55	C<aio_> functions) recursively.	68	call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively.
56		69
57	=cut	70	=cut
58		71
59	package IO::AIO;	72	package IO::AIO;
60		73
61	no warnings;	74	no warnings;
		75	use strict 'vars';
62		76
63	use base 'Exporter';	77	use base 'Exporter';
64		78
65	use Fcntl ();
66
67	BEGIN {	79	BEGIN {
68	$VERSION = '1.61';	80	our $VERSION = '2.0';
69		81
70	@EXPORT = qw(aio_sendfile aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close aio_stat	82	our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close aio_stat
71	aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_scandir aio_symlink	83	aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_scandir aio_symlink
72	aio_fsync aio_fdatasync aio_readahead);	84	aio_fsync aio_fdatasync aio_readahead aio_rename aio_link aio_move
73	@EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb min_parallel max_parallel	85	aio_group aio_nop);
74	max_outstanding nreqs);	86	our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri aioreq_nice));
		87	our @EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb poll_wait flush
		88	min_parallel max_parallel max_outstanding nreqs);
		89
		90	@IO::AIO::GRP::ISA = 'IO::AIO::REQ';
75		91
76	require XSLoader;	92	require XSLoader;
77	XSLoader::load IO::AIO, $VERSION;	93	XSLoader::load ("IO::AIO", $VERSION);
78	}	94	}
79		95
80	=head1 FUNCTIONS	96	=head1 FUNCTIONS
81		97
82	=head2 AIO FUNCTIONS	98	=head2 AIO FUNCTIONS
…		…
90	syscall has been executed asynchronously.	106	syscall has been executed asynchronously.
91		107
92	All functions expecting a filehandle keep a copy of the filehandle	108	All functions expecting a filehandle keep a copy of the filehandle
93	internally until the request has finished.	109	internally until the request has finished.
94		110
		111	All requests return objects of type L<IO::AIO::REQ> that allow further
		112	manipulation of those requests while they are in-flight.
		113
95	The pathnames you pass to these routines I<must> be absolute and	114	The pathnames you pass to these routines I<must> be absolute and
96	encoded in byte form. The reason for the former is that at the time the	115	encoded in byte form. The reason for the former is that at the time the
97	request is being executed, the current working directory could have	116	request is being executed, the current working directory could have
98	changed. Alternatively, you can make sure that you never change the	117	changed. Alternatively, you can make sure that you never change the
99	current working directory.	118	current working directory.
…		…
104	your pathnames to the locale (or other) encoding in effect in the user	123	your pathnames to the locale (or other) encoding in effect in the user
105	environment, d) use Glib::filename_from_unicode on unicode filenames or e)	124	environment, d) use Glib::filename_from_unicode on unicode filenames or e)
106	use something else.	125	use something else.
107		126
108	=over 4	127	=over 4
		128
		129	=item aioreq_pri $pri
		130
		131	Sets the priority for the next aio request. The default priority
		132	is C<0>, the minimum and maximum priorities are C<-4> and C<4>,
		133	respectively. Requests with higher priority will be serviced first.
		134
		135	The priority will be reset to C<0> after each call to one of the C<aio_>
		136	functions.
		137
		138	Example: open a file with low priority, then read something from it with
		139	higher priority so the read request is serviced before other low priority
		140	open requests (potentially spamming the cache):
		141
		142	aioreq_pri -3;
		143	aio_open ..., sub {
		144	return unless $_[0];
		145
		146	aioreq_pri -2;
		147	aio_read $_[0], ..., sub {
		148	...
		149	};
		150	};
		151
		152	=item aioreq_nice $pri_adjust
		153
		154	Similar to C<aioreq_pri>, but subtracts the given value from the current
		155	priority, so effects are cumulative.
109		156
110	=item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)	157	=item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)
111		158
112	Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly	159	Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly
113	created filehandle for the file.	160	created filehandle for the file.
…		…
163		210
164	aio_read $fh, 7, 15, $buffer, 0, sub {	211	aio_read $fh, 7, 15, $buffer, 0, sub {
165	$_[0] > 0 or die "read error: $!";	212	$_[0] > 0 or die "read error: $!";
166	print "read $_[0] bytes: <$buffer>\n";	213	print "read $_[0] bytes: <$buffer>\n";
167	};	214	};
		215
		216	=item aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
		217
		218	Try to move the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or
		219	destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with
		220	the C<0> (error) or C<-1> ok.
		221
		222	This is a composite request that tries to rename(2) the file first. If
		223	rename files with C<EXDEV>, it creates the destination file with mode 0200
		224	and copies the contents of the source file into it using C<aio_sendfile>,
		225	followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and uid/gid, in that
		226	order, and unlinking the C<$srcpath>.
		227
		228	If an error occurs, the partial destination file will be unlinked, if
		229	possible, except when setting atime, mtime, access mode and uid/gid, where
		230	errors are being ignored.
		231
		232	=cut
		233
		234	sub aio_move($$$) {
		235	my ($src, $dst, $cb) = @_;
		236
		237	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
		238
		239	add $grp aio_rename $src, $dst, sub {
		240	if ($_[0] && $! == EXDEV) {
		241	add $grp aio_open $src, O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
		242	if (my $src_fh = $_[0]) {
		243	my @stat = stat $src_fh;
		244
		245	add $grp aio_open $dst, O_WRONLY, 0200, sub {
		246	if (my $dst_fh = $_[0]) {
		247	add $grp aio_sendfile $dst_fh, $src_fh, 0, $stat[7], sub {
		248	close $src_fh;
		249
		250	if ($_[0] == $stat[7]) {
		251	utime $stat[8], $stat[9], $dst;
		252	chmod $stat[2] & 07777, $dst_fh;
		253	chown $stat[4], $stat[5], $dst_fh;
		254	close $dst_fh;
		255
		256	add $grp aio_unlink $src, sub {
		257	$grp->result ($_[0]);
		258	};
		259	} else {
		260	my $errno = $!;
		261	add $grp aio_unlink $dst, sub {
		262	$! = $errno;
		263	$grp->result (-1);
		264	};
		265	}
		266	};
		267	} else {
		268	$grp->result (-1);
		269	}
		270	},
		271
		272	} else {
		273	$grp->result (-1);
		274	}
		275	};
		276	} else {
		277	$grp->result ($_[0]);
		278	}
		279	};
		280
		281	$grp
		282	}
168		283
169	=item aio_sendfile $out_fh, $in_fh, $in_offset, $length, $callback->($retval)	284	=item aio_sendfile $out_fh, $in_fh, $in_offset, $length, $callback->($retval)
170		285
171	Tries to copy C<$length> bytes from C<$in_fh> to C<$out_fh>. It starts	286	Tries to copy C<$length> bytes from C<$in_fh> to C<$out_fh>. It starts
172	reading at byte offset C<$in_offset>, and starts writing at the current	287	reading at byte offset C<$in_offset>, and starts writing at the current
…		…
228	=item aio_unlink $pathname, $callback->($status)	343	=item aio_unlink $pathname, $callback->($status)
229		344
230	Asynchronously unlink (delete) a file and call the callback with the	345	Asynchronously unlink (delete) a file and call the callback with the
231	result code.	346	result code.
232		347
		348	=item aio_link $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
		349
		350	Asynchronously create a new link to the existing object at C<$srcpath> at
		351	the path C<$dstpath> and call the callback with the result code.
		352
		353	=item aio_symlink $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
		354
		355	Asynchronously create a new symbolic link to the existing object at C<$srcpath> at
		356	the path C<$dstpath> and call the callback with the result code.
		357
		358	=item aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
		359
		360	Asynchronously rename the object at C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath>, just as
		361	rename(2) and call the callback with the result code.
		362
233	=item aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)	363	=item aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)
234		364
235	Asynchronously rmdir (delete) a directory and call the callback with the	365	Asynchronously rmdir (delete) a directory and call the callback with the
236	result code.	366	result code.
237		367
238	=item aio_readdir $pathname $callback->($entries)	368	=item aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)
239		369
240	Unlike the POSIX call of the same name, C<aio_readdir> reads an entire	370	Unlike the POSIX call of the same name, C<aio_readdir> reads an entire
241	directory (i.e. opendir + readdir + closedir). The entries will not be	371	directory (i.e. opendir + readdir + closedir). The entries will not be
242	sorted, and will B<NOT> include the C<.> and C<..> entries.	372	sorted, and will B<NOT> include the C<.> and C<..> entries.
243		373
244	The callback a single argument which is either C<undef> or an array-ref	374	The callback a single argument which is either C<undef> or an array-ref
245	with the filenames.	375	with the filenames.
246		376
247	=item aio_scandir $path, $maxreq, $callback->($dirs, $nondirs)	377	=item aio_scandir $path, $maxreq, $callback->($dirs, $nondirs)
248		378
249	Scans a directory (similar to C<aio_readdir>) and tries to separate the	379	Scans a directory (similar to C<aio_readdir>) but additionally tries to
250	entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of names, ones you can recurse	380	separate the entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of names, ones
251	into (directories), and ones you cannot recurse into (everything else).	381	you can recurse into (directories or links to them), and ones you cannot
		382	recurse into (everything else).
252		383
253	C<aio_scandir> is a composite request that consists of many	384	C<aio_scandir> is a composite request that creates of many sub requests_
254	aio-primitives. C<$maxreq> specifies the maximum number of outstanding	385	C<$maxreq> specifies the maximum number of outstanding aio requests that
255	aio requests that this function generates. If it is C<< <= 0 >>, then a	386	this function generates. If it is C<< <= 0 >>, then a suitable default
256	suitable default will be chosen (currently 8).	387	will be chosen (currently 6).
257		388
258	On error, the callback is called without arguments, otherwise it receives	389	On error, the callback is called without arguments, otherwise it receives
259	two array-refs with path-relative entry names.	390	two array-refs with path-relative entry names.
260		391
261	Example:	392	Example:
…		…
269	Implementation notes.	400	Implementation notes.
270		401
271	The C<aio_readdir> cannot be avoided, but C<stat()>'ing every entry can.	402	The C<aio_readdir> cannot be avoided, but C<stat()>'ing every entry can.
272		403
273	After reading the directory, the modification time, size etc. of the	404	After reading the directory, the modification time, size etc. of the
274	directory before and after the readdir is checked, and if they match, the	405	directory before and after the readdir is checked, and if they match (and
275	link count will be used to decide how many entries are directories (if	406	isn't the current time), the link count will be used to decide how many
276	>= 2). Otherwise, no knowledge of the number of subdirectories will be	407	entries are directories (if >= 2). Otherwise, no knowledge of the number
277	assumed.	408	of subdirectories will be assumed.
278		409
279	Then entires will be sorted into likely directories (everything without a	410	Then entries will be sorted into likely directories (everything without
280	non-initial dot) and likely non-directories (everything else). Then every	411	a non-initial dot currently) and likely non-directories (everything
281	entry + C</.> will be C<stat>'ed, likely directories first. This is often	412	else). Then every entry plus an appended C</.> will be C<stat>'ed,
		413	likely directories first. If that succeeds, it assumes that the entry
		414	is a directory or a symlink to directory (which will be checked
		415	seperately). This is often faster than stat'ing the entry itself because
282	faster because filesystems might detect the type of the entry without	416	filesystems might detect the type of the entry without reading the inode
283	reading the inode data (e.g. ext2s filetype feature). If that succeeds,	417	data (e.g. ext2fs filetype feature).
284	it assumes that the entry is a directory or a symlink to directory (which
285	will be checked seperately).
286		418
287	If the known number of directories has been reached, the rest of the	419	If the known number of directories (link count - 2) has been reached, the
288	entries is assumed to be non-directories.	420	rest of the entries is assumed to be non-directories.
		421
		422	This only works with certainty on POSIX (= UNIX) filesystems, which
		423	fortunately are the vast majority of filesystems around.
		424
		425	It will also likely work on non-POSIX filesystems with reduced efficiency
		426	as those tend to return 0 or 1 as link counts, which disables the
		427	directory counting heuristic.
289		428
290	=cut	429	=cut
291		430
292	sub aio_scandir($$$) {	431	sub aio_scandir($$$) {
293	my ($path, $maxreq, $cb) = @_;	432	my ($path, $maxreq, $cb) = @_;
294		433
		434	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
		435
295	$maxreq = 8 if $maxreq <= 0;	436	$maxreq = 6 if $maxreq <= 0;
296		437
297	# stat once	438	# stat once
298	aio_stat $path, sub {	439	add $grp aio_stat $path, sub {
299	$cb->() if $_[0];	440	return $grp->result () if $_[0];
		441	my $now = time;
300	my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];	442	my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
301		443
302	# read the directory entries	444	# read the directory entries
303	aio_readdir $path, sub {	445	add $grp aio_readdir $path, sub {
304	my $entries = shift	446	my $entries = shift
305	or return $cb->();	447	or return $grp->result ();
306		448
307	# stat the dir another time	449	# stat the dir another time
308	aio_stat $path, sub {	450	add $grp aio_stat $path, sub {
309	my $hash2 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];	451	my $hash2 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
310		452
311	my $ndirs;	453	my $ndirs;
312		454
313	# take the slow route if anything looks fishy	455	# take the slow route if anything looks fishy
314	if ($hash1 ne $hash2) {	456	if ($hash1 ne $hash2 or (stat _)[9] == $now) {
315	$ndirs = -1;	457	$ndirs = -1;
316	} else {	458	} else {
317	# if nlink == 2, we are finished	459	# if nlink == 2, we are finished
318	# on non-posix-fs's, we rely on nlink < 2	460	# on non-posix-fs's, we rely on nlink < 2
319	$ndirs = (stat _)[3] - 2	461	$ndirs = (stat _)[3] - 2
320	or $cb->([], $entries);	462	or return $grp->result ([], $entries);
321	}	463	}
322		464
323	# sort into likely dirs and likely nondirs	465	# sort into likely dirs and likely nondirs
324	# dirs == files without ".", short entries first	466	# dirs == files without ".", short entries first
325	$entries = [map $_->[0],	467	$entries = [map $_->[0],
…		…
330	my (@dirs, @nondirs);	472	my (@dirs, @nondirs);
331		473
332	my ($statcb, $schedcb);	474	my ($statcb, $schedcb);
333	my $nreq = 0;	475	my $nreq = 0;
334		476
		477	my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group;
		478
335	$schedcb = sub {	479	$schedcb = sub {
336	if (@$entries) {	480	if (@$entries) {
337	if ($nreq < $maxreq) {	481	if ($nreq < $maxreq) {
338	my $ent = pop @$entries;	482	my $ent = pop @$entries;
339	$nreq++;	483	$nreq++;
340	aio_stat "$path/$ent/.", sub { $statcb->($_[0], $ent) };	484	add $statgrp aio_stat "$path/$ent/.", sub { $statcb->($_[0], $ent) };
341	}	485	}
342	} elsif (!$nreq) {	486	} elsif (!$nreq) {
343	# finished	487	# finished
		488	$statgrp->cancel;
344	undef $statcb;	489	undef $statcb;
345	undef $schedcb;	490	undef $schedcb;
346	$cb->(\@dirs, \@nondirs);	491	$grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs);
347	undef $cb;
348	}	492	}
349	};	493	};
350	$statcb = sub {	494	$statcb = sub {
351	my ($status, $entry) = @_;	495	my ($status, $entry) = @_;
352		496
…		…
354	$nreq--;	498	$nreq--;
355	push @nondirs, $entry;	499	push @nondirs, $entry;
356	&$schedcb;	500	&$schedcb;
357	} else {	501	} else {
358	# need to check for real directory	502	# need to check for real directory
359	aio_lstat "$path/$entry", sub {	503	add $grp aio_lstat "$path/$entry", sub {
360	$nreq--;	504	$nreq--;
361		505
362	if (-d _) {	506	if (-d _) {
363	push @dirs, $entry;	507	push @dirs, $entry;
364		508
…		…
377		521
378	&$schedcb while @$entries && $nreq < $maxreq;	522	&$schedcb while @$entries && $nreq < $maxreq;
379	};	523	};
380	};	524	};
381	};	525	};
		526
		527	$grp
382	}	528	}
383		529
384	=item aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)	530	=item aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)
385		531
386	Asynchronously call fsync on the given filehandle and call the callback	532	Asynchronously call fsync on the given filehandle and call the callback
…		…
391	Asynchronously call fdatasync on the given filehandle and call the	537	Asynchronously call fdatasync on the given filehandle and call the
392	callback with the fdatasync result code.	538	callback with the fdatasync result code.
393		539
394	If this call isn't available because your OS lacks it or it couldn't be	540	If this call isn't available because your OS lacks it or it couldn't be
395	detected, it will be emulated by calling C<fsync> instead.	541	detected, it will be emulated by calling C<fsync> instead.
		542
		543	=item aio_group $callback->(...)
		544
		545	[EXPERIMENTAL]
		546
		547	This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a
		548	container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle
		549	many requests into a single, composite, request with a definite callback
		550	and the ability to cancel the whole request with its subrequests.
		551
		552	Returns an object of class L<IO::AIO::GRP>. See its documentation below
		553	for more info.
		554
		555	Example:
		556
		557	my $grp = aio_group sub {
		558	print "all stats done\n";
		559	};
		560
		561	add $grp
		562	(aio_stat ...),
		563	(aio_stat ...),
		564	...;
		565
		566	=item aio_nop $callback->()
		567
		568	This is a special request - it does nothing in itself and is only used for
		569	side effects, such as when you want to add a dummy request to a group so
		570	that finishing the requests in the group depends on executing the given
		571	code.
		572
		573	While this request does nothing, it still goes through the execution
		574	phase and still requires a worker thread. Thus, the callback will not
		575	be executed immediately but only after other requests in the queue have
		576	entered their execution phase. This can be used to measure request
		577	latency.
		578
		579	=item IO::AIO::aio_busy $fractional_seconds, $callback->() NOT EXPORTED
		580
		581	Mainly used for debugging and benchmarking, this aio request puts one of
		582	the request workers to sleep for the given time.
		583
		584	While it is theoretically handy to have simple I/O scheduling requests
		585	like sleep and file handle readable/writable, the overhead this creates is
		586	immense (it blocks a thread for a long time) so do not use this function
		587	except to put your application under artificial I/O pressure.
		588
		589	=back
		590
		591	=head2 IO::AIO::REQ CLASS
		592
		593	All non-aggregate C<aio_*> functions return an object of this class when
		594	called in non-void context.
		595
		596	A request always moves through the following five states in its lifetime,
		597	in order: B<ready> (request has been created, but has not been executed
		598	yet), B<execute> (request is currently being executed), B<pending>
		599	(request has been executed but callback has not been called yet),
		600	B<result> (results are being processed synchronously, includes calling the
		601	callback) and B<done> (request has reached the end of its lifetime and
		602	holds no resources anymore).
		603
		604	=over 4
		605
		606	=item cancel $req
		607
		608	Cancels the request, if possible. Has the effect of skipping execution
		609	when entering the B<execute> state and skipping calling the callback when
		610	entering the the B<result> state, but will leave the request otherwise
		611	untouched. That means that requests that currently execute will not be
		612	stopped and resources held by the request will not be freed prematurely.
		613
		614	=item cb $req $callback->(...)
		615
		616	Replace (or simply set) the callback registered to the request.
		617
		618	=back
		619
		620	=head2 IO::AIO::GRP CLASS
		621
		622	This class is a subclass of L<IO::AIO::REQ>, so all its methods apply to
		623	objects of this class, too.
		624
		625	A IO::AIO::GRP object is a special request that can contain multiple other
		626	aio requests.
		627
		628	You create one by calling the C<aio_group> constructing function with a
		629	callback that will be called when all contained requests have entered the
		630	C<done> state:
		631
		632	my $grp = aio_group sub {
		633	print "all requests are done\n";
		634	};
		635
		636	You add requests by calling the C<add> method with one or more
		637	C<IO::AIO::REQ> objects:
		638
		639	$grp->add (aio_unlink "...");
		640
		641	add $grp aio_stat "...", sub {
		642	$_[0] or return $grp->result ("error");
		643
		644	# add another request dynamically, if first succeeded
		645	add $grp aio_open "...", sub {
		646	$grp->result ("ok");
		647	};
		648	};
		649
		650	This makes it very easy to create composite requests (see the source of
		651	C<aio_move> for an application) that work and feel like simple requests.
		652
		653	=over 4
		654
		655	=item * The IO::AIO::GRP objects will be cleaned up during calls to
		656	C<IO::AIO::poll_cb>, just like any other request.
		657
		658	=item * They can be canceled like any other request. Canceling will cancel not
		659	only the request itself, but also all requests it contains.
		660
		661	=item * They can also can also be added to other IO::AIO::GRP objects.
		662
		663	=item * You must not add requests to a group from within the group callback (or
		664	any later time).
		665
		666	=item * This does not harmonise well with C<max_outstanding>, so best do
		667	not combine C<aio_group> with it. Groups and feeders are recommended for
		668	this kind of concurrency-limiting.
		669
		670	=back
		671
		672	Their lifetime, simplified, looks like this: when they are empty, they
		673	will finish very quickly. If they contain only requests that are in the
		674	C<done> state, they will also finish. Otherwise they will continue to
		675	exist.
		676
		677	That means after creating a group you have some time to add requests. And
		678	in the callbacks of those requests, you can add further requests to the
		679	group. And only when all those requests have finished will the the group
		680	itself finish.
		681
		682	=over 4
		683
		684	=item add $grp ...
		685
		686	=item $grp->add (...)
		687
		688	Add one or more requests to the group. Any type of L<IO::AIO::REQ> can
		689	be added, including other groups, as long as you do not create circular
		690	dependencies.
		691
		692	Returns all its arguments.
		693
		694	=item $grp->result (...)
		695
		696	Set the result value(s) that will be passed to the group callback when all
		697	subrequests have finished. By default, no argument will be passed.
		698
		699	=item feed $grp $callback->($grp)
		700
		701	[VERY EXPERIMENTAL]
		702
		703	Sets a feeder/generator on this group: every group can have an attached
		704	generator that generates requests if idle. The idea behind this is that,
		705	although you could just queue as many requests as you want in a group,
		706	this might starve other requests for a potentially long time. For
		707	example, C<aio_scandir> might generate hundreds of thousands C<aio_stat>
		708	requests, delaying any later requests for a long time.
		709
		710	To avoid this, and allow incremental generation of requests, you can
		711	instead a group and set a feeder on it that generates those requests. The
		712	feed callback will be called whenever there are few enough (see C<limit>,
		713	below) requests active in the group itself and is expected to queue more
		714	requests.
		715
		716	The feed callback can queue as many requests as it likes (i.e. C<add> does
		717	not impose any limits).
		718
		719	If the feed does not queue more requests when called, it will be
		720	automatically removed from the group.
		721
		722	If the feed limit is C<0>, it will be set to C<2> automatically.
		723
		724	Example:
		725
		726	# stat all files in @files, but only ever use four aio requests concurrently:
		727
		728	my $grp = aio_group sub { print "finished\n" };
		729	limit $grp 4;
		730	feed $grp sub {
		731	my $file = pop @files
		732	or return;
		733
		734	add $grp aio_stat $file, sub { ... };
		735	};
		736
		737	=item limit $grp $num
		738
		739	Sets the feeder limit for the group: The feeder will be called whenever
		740	the group contains less than this many requests.
		741
		742	Setting the limit to C<0> will pause the feeding process.
396		743
397	=back	744	=back
398		745
399	=head2 SUPPORT FUNCTIONS	746	=head2 SUPPORT FUNCTIONS
400		747
…		…
458	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb	805	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
459	if IO::AIO::nreqs;	806	if IO::AIO::nreqs;
460		807
461	=item IO::AIO::min_parallel $nthreads	808	=item IO::AIO::min_parallel $nthreads
462		809
463	Set the minimum number of AIO threads to C<$nthreads>. The current default	810	Set the minimum number of AIO threads to C<$nthreads>. The current
464	is C<4>, which means four asynchronous operations can be done at one time	811	default is C<8>, which means eight asynchronous operations can execute
465	(the number of outstanding operations, however, is unlimited).	812	concurrently at any one time (the number of outstanding requests,
		813	however, is unlimited).
466		814
467	IO::AIO starts threads only on demand, when an AIO request is queued and	815	IO::AIO starts threads only on demand, when an AIO request is queued and
468	no free thread exists.	816	no free thread exists.
469		817
470	It is recommended to keep the number of threads low, as some Linux	818	It is recommended to keep the number of threads relatively low, as some
471	kernel versions will scale negatively with the number of threads (higher	819	Linux kernel versions will scale negatively with the number of threads
472	parallelity => MUCH higher latency). With current Linux 2.6 versions, 4-32	820	(higher parallelity => MUCH higher latency). With current Linux 2.6
473	threads should be fine.	821	versions, 4-32 threads should be fine.
474		822
475	Under most circumstances you don't need to call this function, as the	823	Under most circumstances you don't need to call this function, as the
476	module selects a default that is suitable for low to moderate load.	824	module selects a default that is suitable for low to moderate load.
477		825
478	=item IO::AIO::max_parallel $nthreads	826	=item IO::AIO::max_parallel $nthreads
…		…
489		837
490	Under normal circumstances you don't need to call this function.	838	Under normal circumstances you don't need to call this function.
491		839
492	=item $oldnreqs = IO::AIO::max_outstanding $nreqs	840	=item $oldnreqs = IO::AIO::max_outstanding $nreqs
493		841
		842	[DEPRECATED]
		843
494	Sets the maximum number of outstanding requests to C<$nreqs>. If you	844	Sets the maximum number of outstanding requests to C<$nreqs>. If you
495	try to queue up more than this number of requests, the caller will block until	845	try to queue up more than this number of requests, the caller will block until
496	some requests have been handled.	846	some requests have been handled.
497		847
498	The default is very large, so normally there is no practical limit. If you	848	The default is very large, so normally there is no practical limit. If you
499	queue up many requests in a loop it often improves speed if you set	849	queue up many requests in a loop it often improves speed if you set
500	this to a relatively low number, such as C<100>.	850	this to a relatively low number, such as C<100>.
		851
		852	This function does not work well together with C<aio_group>'s, and their
		853	feeder interface is better suited to limiting concurrency, so do not use
		854	this function.
501		855
502	Under normal circumstances you don't need to call this function.	856	Under normal circumstances you don't need to call this function.
503		857
504	=back	858	=back
505		859
…		…
519	or return undef;	873	or return undef;
520		874
521	*$sym	875	*$sym
522	}	876	}
523		877
524	min_parallel 4;	878	min_parallel 8;
525		879
526	END {	880	END {
527	max_parallel 0;	881	max_parallel 0;
528	}	882	}
529		883
530	1;	884	1;
531		885
532	=head2 FORK BEHAVIOUR	886	=head2 FORK BEHAVIOUR
		887
		888	This module should do "the right thing" when the process using it forks:
533		889
534	Before the fork, IO::AIO enters a quiescent state where no requests	890	Before the fork, IO::AIO enters a quiescent state where no requests
535	can be added in other threads and no results will be processed. After	891	can be added in other threads and no results will be processed. After
536	the fork the parent simply leaves the quiescent state and continues	892	the fork the parent simply leaves the quiescent state and continues
537	request/result processing, while the child clears the request/result	893	request/result processing, while the child clears the request/result
538	queue (so the requests started before the fork will only be handled in	894	queue (so the requests started before the fork will only be handled in
539	the parent). Threats will be started on demand until the limit ste in the	895	the parent). Threads will be started on demand until the limit ste in the
540	parent process has been reached again.	896	parent process has been reached again.
541		897
		898	In short: the parent will, after a short pause, continue as if fork had
		899	not been called, while the child will act as if IO::AIO has not been used
		900	yet.
		901
		902	=head2 MEMORY USAGE
		903
		904	Each aio request uses - depending on your architecture - around 128 bytes
		905	of memory. In addition, stat requests need a stat buffer (possibly a few
		906	hundred bytes). Perl scalars and other data passed into aio requests will
		907	also be locked.
		908
		909	This is now awfully much, so queuing lots of requests is not usually a
		910	problem.
		911
		912	Each thread needs a stack area which is usually around 16k, sometimes much
		913	larger, depending on the OS.
		914
542	=head1 SEE ALSO	915	=head1 SEE ALSO
543		916
544	L<Coro>, L<Linux::AIO>.	917	L<Coro::AIO>.
545		918
546	=head1 AUTHOR	919	=head1 AUTHOR
547		920
548	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>	921	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
549	http://home.schmorp.de/	922	http://home.schmorp.de/

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Revision 1.71 by root, Tue Oct 24 11:57:30 2006 UTC