--- IO-AIO/AIO.pm 2006/10/24 02:25:16 1.67 +++ IO-AIO/AIO.pm 2006/10/24 17:22:17 1.74 @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ # version 2+ has request and group objects use IO::AIO 2; + aioreq_pri 4; # give next request a very high priority my $req = aio_unlink "/tmp/file", sub { }; $req->cancel; # cancel request if still in queue @@ -52,19 +53,70 @@ This module implements asynchronous I/O using whatever means your operating system supports. -Currently, a number of threads are started that execute your read/writes -and signal their completion. You don't need thread support in perl, and -the threads created by this module will not be visible to perl. In the -future, this module might make use of the native aio functions available -on many operating systems. However, they are often not well-supported -(Linux doesn't allow them on normal files currently, for example), -and they would only support aio_read and aio_write, so the remaining -functionality would have to be implemented using threads anyway. - -Although the module will work with in the presence of other threads, it is -currently not reentrant, so use appropriate locking yourself, always call -C from within the same thread, or never call C (or other -C functions) recursively. +In this version, a number of threads are started that execute your +requests and signal their completion. You don't need thread support +in perl, and the threads created by this module will not be visible +to perl. In the future, this module might make use of the native aio +functions available on many operating systems. However, they are often +not well-supported or restricted (Linux doesn't allow them on normal +files currently, for example), and they would only support aio_read and +aio_write, so the remaining functionality would have to be implemented +using threads anyway. + +Although the module will work with in the presence of other (Perl-) +threads, it is currently not reentrant in any way, so use appropriate +locking yourself, always call C from within the same thread, or +never call C (or other C functions) recursively. + +=head1 REQUEST ANATOMY AND LIFETIME + +Every C function creates a request. which is a C data structure not +directly visible to Perl. + +If called in non-void context, every request function returns a Perl +object representing the request. In void context, nothing is returned, +which saves a bit of memory. + +The perl object is a fairly standard ref-to-hash object. The hash contents +are not used by IO::AIO so you are free to store anything you like in it. + +During their existance, aio requests travel through the following states, +in order: + +=over 4 + +=item ready + +Immediately after a request is created it is put into the ready state, +waiting for a thread to execute it. + +=item execute + +A thread has accepted the request for processing and is currently +executing it (e.g. blocking in read). + +=item pending + +The request has been executed and is waiting for result processing. + +While request submission and execution is fully asynchronous, result +processing is not and relies on the perl interpreter calling C +(or another function with the same effect). + +=item result + +The request results are processed synchronously by C. + +The C function will process all outstanding aio requests by +calling their callbacks, freeing memory associated with them and managing +any groups they are contained in. + +=item done + +Request has reached the end of its lifetime and holds no resources anymore +(except possibly for the Perl object, but its connection to the actual +aio request is severed and calling its methods will either do nothing or +result in a runtime error). =cut @@ -82,7 +134,7 @@ aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_scandir aio_symlink aio_fsync aio_fdatasync aio_readahead aio_rename aio_link aio_move aio_group aio_nop); - our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri)); + our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri aioreq_nice)); our @EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb poll_wait flush min_parallel max_parallel max_outstanding nreqs); @@ -125,6 +177,34 @@ =over 4 +=item aioreq_pri $pri + +Sets the priority for the next aio request. The default priority +is C<0>, the minimum and maximum priorities are C<-4> and C<4>, +respectively. Requests with higher priority will be serviced first. + +The priority will be reset to C<0> after each call to one of the C +functions. + +Example: open a file with low priority, then read something from it with +higher priority so the read request is serviced before other low priority +open requests (potentially spamming the cache): + + aioreq_pri -3; + aio_open ..., sub { + return unless $_[0]; + + aioreq_pri -2; + aio_read $_[0], ..., sub { + ... + }; + }; + +=item aioreq_nice $pri_adjust + +Similar to C, but subtracts the given value from the current +priority, so effects are cumulative. + =item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh) Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly @@ -186,8 +266,6 @@ =item aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status) -[EXPERIMENTAL due to internal aio_group use] - Try to move the I (directories not supported as either source or destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with the C<0> (error) or C<-1> ok. @@ -349,8 +427,6 @@ =item aio_scandir $path, $maxreq, $callback->($dirs, $nondirs) -[EXPERIMENTAL due to internal aio_group use] - Scans a directory (similar to C) but additionally tries to separate the entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of names, ones you can recurse into (directories or links to them), and ones you cannot @@ -446,55 +522,35 @@ my (@dirs, @nondirs); - my ($statcb, $schedcb); - my $nreq = 0; - - my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group; - - $schedcb = sub { - if (@$entries) { - if ($nreq < $maxreq) { - my $ent = pop @$entries; - $nreq++; - add $statgrp aio_stat "$path/$ent/.", sub { $statcb->($_[0], $ent) }; - } - } elsif (!$nreq) { - # finished - $statgrp->cancel; - undef $statcb; - undef $schedcb; - $grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs); - } + my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group sub { + $grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs); }; - $statcb = sub { - my ($status, $entry) = @_; - if ($status < 0) { - $nreq--; - push @nondirs, $entry; - &$schedcb; - } else { - # need to check for real directory - add $grp aio_lstat "$path/$entry", sub { - $nreq--; - - if (-d _) { - push @dirs, $entry; - - if (!--$ndirs) { - push @nondirs, @$entries; - $entries = []; + limit $statgrp $maxreq; + feed $statgrp sub { + return unless @$entries; + my $entry = pop @$entries; + + add $statgrp aio_stat "$path/$entry/.", sub { + if ($_[0] < 0) { + push @nondirs, $entry; + } else { + # need to check for real directory + add $statgrp aio_lstat "$path/$entry", sub { + if (-d _) { + push @dirs, $entry; + + if (!--$ndirs) { + push @nondirs, @$entries; + $statgrp->cancel_subs; + } + } else { + push @nondirs, $entry; } - } else { - push @nondirs, $entry; } - - &$schedcb; } - } + }; }; - - &$schedcb while @$entries && $nreq < $maxreq; }; }; }; @@ -517,11 +573,10 @@ =item aio_group $callback->(...) -[EXPERIMENTAL] - This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle -many requests into a single, composite, request. +many requests into a single, composite, request with a definite callback +and the ability to cancel the whole request with its subrequests. Returns an object of class L. See its documentation below for more info. @@ -550,15 +605,15 @@ entered their execution phase. This can be used to measure request latency. -=item IO::AIO::aio_sleep $fractional_seconds, $callback->() *NOT EXPORTED* +=item IO::AIO::aio_busy $fractional_seconds, $callback->() *NOT EXPORTED* Mainly used for debugging and benchmarking, this aio request puts one of the request workers to sleep for the given time. While it is theoretically handy to have simple I/O scheduling requests -like sleep and file handle readable/writable, the overhead this creates -is immense, so do not use this function except to put your application -under artificial I/O pressure. +like sleep and file handle readable/writable, the overhead this creates is +immense (it blocks a thread for a long time) so do not use this function +except to put your application under artificial I/O pressure. =back @@ -567,14 +622,6 @@ All non-aggregate C functions return an object of this class when called in non-void context. -A request always moves through the following five states in its lifetime, -in order: B (request has been created, but has not been executed -yet), B (request is currently being executed), B -(request has been executed but callback has not been called yet), -B (results are being processed synchronously, includes calling the -callback) and B (request has reached the end of its lifetime and -holds no resources anymore). - =over 4 =item cancel $req @@ -665,6 +712,11 @@ Returns all its arguments. +=item $grp->cancel_subs + +Cancel all subrequests and clears any feeder, but not the group request +itself. Useful when you queued a lot of events but got a result early. + =item $grp->result (...) Set the result value(s) that will be passed to the group callback when all @@ -672,8 +724,6 @@ =item feed $grp $callback->($grp) -[VERY EXPERIMENTAL] - Sets a feeder/generator on this group: every group can have an attached generator that generates requests if idle. The idea behind this is that, although you could just queue as many requests as you want in a group, @@ -683,12 +733,12 @@ To avoid this, and allow incremental generation of requests, you can instead a group and set a feeder on it that generates those requests. The -feed callback will be called whenever there are few enough (see C, +feed callback will be called whenever there are few enough (see C, below) requests active in the group itself and is expected to queue more requests. -The feed can queue as many requests as it likes (i.e. C does not -impose any limits). +The feed callback can queue as many requests as it likes (i.e. C does +not impose any limits). If the feed does not queue more requests when called, it will be automatically removed from the group. @@ -700,7 +750,7 @@ # stat all files in @files, but only ever use four aio requests concurrently: my $grp = aio_group sub { print "finished\n" }; - feed_limit $grp 4; + limit $grp 4; feed $grp sub { my $file = pop @files or return; @@ -708,7 +758,7 @@ add $grp aio_stat $file, sub { ... }; }; -=item feed_limit $grp $num +=item limit $grp $num Sets the feeder limit for the group: The feeder will be called whenever the group contains less than this many requests. @@ -864,9 +914,9 @@ Before the fork, IO::AIO enters a quiescent state where no requests can be added in other threads and no results will be processed. After the fork the parent simply leaves the quiescent state and continues -request/result processing, while the child clears the request/result -queue (so the requests started before the fork will only be handled in -the parent). Threads will be started on demand until the limit ste in the +request/result processing, while the child frees the request/result queue +(so that the requests started before the fork will only be handled in the +parent). Threads will be started on demand until the limit set in the parent process has been reached again. In short: the parent will, after a short pause, continue as if fork had @@ -875,20 +925,30 @@ =head2 MEMORY USAGE -Each aio request uses - depending on your architecture - around 128 bytes -of memory. In addition, stat requests need a stat buffer (possibly a few -hundred bytes). Perl scalars and other data passed into aio requests will -also be locked. +Per-request usage: + +Each aio request uses - depending on your architecture - around 100-200 +bytes of memory. In addition, stat requests need a stat buffer (possibly +a few hundred bytes), readdir requires a result buffer and so on. Perl +scalars and other data passed into aio requests will also be locked and +will consume memory till the request has entered the done state. This is now awfully much, so queuing lots of requests is not usually a problem. -Each thread needs a stack area which is usually around 16k, sometimes much -larger, depending on the OS. +Per-thread usage: + +In the execution phase, some aio requests require more memory for +temporary buffers, and each thread requires a stack and other data +structures (usually around 16k-128k, depending on the OS). + +=head1 KNOWN BUGS + +Known bugs will be fixed in the next release. =head1 SEE ALSO -L, L (obsolete). +L. =head1 AUTHOR