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Revision 1.145 by root, Sun Apr 19 19:20:10 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.181 by root, Tue May 4 21:14:01 2010 UTC

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4 4
5=head1 SYNOPSIS 5=head1 SYNOPSIS
6 6
7 use IO::AIO; 7 use IO::AIO;
8 8
9 aio_open "/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY, 0, sub { 9 aio_open "/etc/passwd", IO::AIO::O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
10 my $fh = shift 10 my $fh = shift
11 or die "/etc/passwd: $!"; 11 or die "/etc/passwd: $!";
12 ... 12 ...
13 }; 13 };
14 14
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26 $req->cancel; # cancel request if still in queue 26 $req->cancel; # cancel request if still in queue
27 27
28 my $grp = aio_group sub { print "all stats done\n" }; 28 my $grp = aio_group sub { print "all stats done\n" };
29 add $grp aio_stat "..." for ...; 29 add $grp aio_stat "..." for ...;
30 30
31 # AnyEvent integration (EV, Event, Glib, Tk, POE, urxvt, pureperl...)
32 use AnyEvent::AIO;
33
34 # EV integration
35 my $w = EV::io IO::AIO::poll_fileno, EV::READ, \&IO::AIO::poll_cb;
36
37 # Event integration
38 Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
39 poll => 'r',
40 cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
41
42 # Glib/Gtk2 integration
43 add_watch Glib::IO IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
44 in => sub { IO::AIO::poll_cb; 1 };
45
46 # Tk integration
47 Tk::Event::IO->fileevent (IO::AIO::poll_fileno, "",
48 readable => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
49
50 # Danga::Socket integration
51 Danga::Socket->AddOtherFds (IO::AIO::poll_fileno =>
52 \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
53
54=head1 DESCRIPTION 31=head1 DESCRIPTION
55 32
56This module implements asynchronous I/O using whatever means your 33This module implements asynchronous I/O using whatever means your
57operating system supports. 34operating system supports. It is implemented as an interface to C<libeio>
35(L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libeio.html>).
58 36
59Asynchronous means that operations that can normally block your program 37Asynchronous means that operations that can normally block your program
60(e.g. reading from disk) will be done asynchronously: the operation 38(e.g. reading from disk) will be done asynchronously: the operation
61will still block, but you can do something else in the meantime. This 39will still block, but you can do something else in the meantime. This
62is extremely useful for programs that need to stay interactive even 40is extremely useful for programs that need to stay interactive even
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66on a RAID volume or over NFS when you do a number of stat operations 44on a RAID volume or over NFS when you do a number of stat operations
67concurrently. 45concurrently.
68 46
69While most of this works on all types of file descriptors (for 47While most of this works on all types of file descriptors (for
70example sockets), using these functions on file descriptors that 48example sockets), using these functions on file descriptors that
71support nonblocking operation (again, sockets, pipes etc.) is very 49support nonblocking operation (again, sockets, pipes etc.) is
72inefficient. Use an event loop for that (such as the L<Event|Event> 50very inefficient. Use an event loop for that (such as the L<EV>
73module): IO::AIO will naturally fit into such an event loop itself. 51module): IO::AIO will naturally fit into such an event loop itself.
74 52
75In this version, a number of threads are started that execute your 53In this version, a number of threads are started that execute your
76requests and signal their completion. You don't need thread support 54requests and signal their completion. You don't need thread support
77in perl, and the threads created by this module will not be visible 55in perl, and the threads created by this module will not be visible
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87yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never 65yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never
88call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively. 66call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively.
89 67
90=head2 EXAMPLE 68=head2 EXAMPLE
91 69
92This is a simple example that uses the Event module and loads 70This is a simple example that uses the EV module and loads
93F</etc/passwd> asynchronously: 71F</etc/passwd> asynchronously:
94 72
95 use Fcntl; 73 use Fcntl;
96 use Event; 74 use EV;
97 use IO::AIO; 75 use IO::AIO;
98 76
99 # register the IO::AIO callback with Event 77 # register the IO::AIO callback with EV
100 Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, 78 my $aio_w = EV::io IO::AIO::poll_fileno, EV::READ, \&IO::AIO::poll_cb;
101 poll => 'r',
102 cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
103 79
104 # queue the request to open /etc/passwd 80 # queue the request to open /etc/passwd
105 aio_open "/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY, 0, sub { 81 aio_open "/etc/passwd", IO::AIO::O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
106 my $fh = shift 82 my $fh = shift
107 or die "error while opening: $!"; 83 or die "error while opening: $!";
108 84
109 # stat'ing filehandles is generally non-blocking 85 # stat'ing filehandles is generally non-blocking
110 my $size = -s $fh; 86 my $size = -s $fh;
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119 95
120 # file contents now in $contents 96 # file contents now in $contents
121 print $contents; 97 print $contents;
122 98
123 # exit event loop and program 99 # exit event loop and program
124 Event::unloop; 100 EV::unloop;
125 }; 101 };
126 }; 102 };
127 103
128 # possibly queue up other requests, or open GUI windows, 104 # possibly queue up other requests, or open GUI windows,
129 # check for sockets etc. etc. 105 # check for sockets etc. etc.
130 106
131 # process events as long as there are some: 107 # process events as long as there are some:
132 Event::loop; 108 EV::loop;
133 109
134=head1 REQUEST ANATOMY AND LIFETIME 110=head1 REQUEST ANATOMY AND LIFETIME
135 111
136Every C<aio_*> function creates a request. which is a C data structure not 112Every C<aio_*> function creates a request. which is a C data structure not
137directly visible to Perl. 113directly visible to Perl.
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187 163
188package IO::AIO; 164package IO::AIO;
189 165
190use Carp (); 166use Carp ();
191 167
192no warnings; 168use common::sense;
193use strict 'vars';
194 169
195use base 'Exporter'; 170use base 'Exporter';
196 171
197BEGIN { 172BEGIN {
198 our $VERSION = '3.18'; 173 our $VERSION = '3.65';
199 174
200 our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close 175 our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close
201 aio_stat aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir 176 aio_stat aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_readdirx
202 aio_scandir aio_symlink aio_readlink aio_sync aio_fsync 177 aio_scandir aio_symlink aio_readlink aio_sync aio_fsync
203 aio_fdatasync aio_sync_file_range aio_pathsync aio_readahead 178 aio_fdatasync aio_sync_file_range aio_pathsync aio_readahead
204 aio_rename aio_link aio_move aio_copy aio_group 179 aio_rename aio_link aio_move aio_copy aio_group
205 aio_nop aio_mknod aio_load aio_rmtree aio_mkdir aio_chown 180 aio_nop aio_mknod aio_load aio_rmtree aio_mkdir aio_chown
206 aio_chmod aio_utime aio_truncate); 181 aio_chmod aio_utime aio_truncate
182 aio_msync aio_mtouch aio_statvfs);
207 183
208 our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri aioreq_nice)); 184 our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri aioreq_nice));
209 our @EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb poll_wait flush 185 our @EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb poll_wait flush
210 min_parallel max_parallel max_idle 186 min_parallel max_parallel max_idle
211 nreqs nready npending nthreads 187 nreqs nready npending nthreads
212 max_poll_time max_poll_reqs); 188 max_poll_time max_poll_reqs
189 sendfile fadvise);
213 190
214 push @AIO_REQ, qw(aio_busy); # not exported 191 push @AIO_REQ, qw(aio_busy); # not exported
215 192
216 @IO::AIO::GRP::ISA = 'IO::AIO::REQ'; 193 @IO::AIO::GRP::ISA = 'IO::AIO::REQ';
217 194
218 require XSLoader; 195 require XSLoader;
219 XSLoader::load ("IO::AIO", $VERSION); 196 XSLoader::load ("IO::AIO", $VERSION);
220} 197}
221 198
222=head1 FUNCTIONS 199=head1 FUNCTIONS
200
201=head2 QUICK OVERVIEW
202
203This section simply lists the prototypes of the most important functions
204for quick reference. See the following sections for function-by-function
205documentation.
206
207 aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)
208 aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)
209 aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
210 aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
211 aio_sendfile $out_fh, $in_fh, $in_offset, $length, $callback->($retval)
212 aio_readahead $fh,$offset,$length, $callback->($retval)
213 aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)
214 aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)
215 aio_statvfs $fh_or_path, $callback->($statvfs)
216 aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)
217 aio_chown $fh_or_path, $uid, $gid, $callback->($status)
218 aio_truncate $fh_or_path, $offset, $callback->($status)
219 aio_chmod $fh_or_path, $mode, $callback->($status)
220 aio_unlink $pathname, $callback->($status)
221 aio_mknod $path, $mode, $dev, $callback->($status)
222 aio_link $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
223 aio_symlink $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
224 aio_readlink $path, $callback->($link)
225 aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
226 aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)
227 aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)
228 aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)
229 aio_readdirx $pathname, $flags, $callback->($entries, $flags)
230 IO::AIO::READDIR_DENTS IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST
231 IO::AIO::READDIR_STAT_ORDER IO::AIO::READDIR_FOUND_UNKNOWN
232 aio_load $path, $data, $callback->($status)
233 aio_copy $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
234 aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
235 aio_scandir $path, $maxreq, $callback->($dirs, $nondirs)
236 aio_rmtree $path, $callback->($status)
237 aio_sync $callback->($status)
238 aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)
239 aio_fdatasync $fh, $callback->($status)
240 aio_sync_file_range $fh, $offset, $nbytes, $flags, $callback->($status)
241 aio_pathsync $path, $callback->($status)
242 aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)
243 aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)
244 aio_group $callback->(...)
245 aio_nop $callback->()
246
247 $prev_pri = aioreq_pri [$pri]
248 aioreq_nice $pri_adjust
249
250 IO::AIO::poll_wait
251 IO::AIO::poll_cb
252 IO::AIO::poll
253 IO::AIO::flush
254 IO::AIO::max_poll_reqs $nreqs
255 IO::AIO::max_poll_time $seconds
256 IO::AIO::min_parallel $nthreads
257 IO::AIO::max_parallel $nthreads
258 IO::AIO::max_idle $nthreads
259 IO::AIO::max_outstanding $maxreqs
260 IO::AIO::nreqs
261 IO::AIO::nready
262 IO::AIO::npending
263
264 IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count
265 IO::AIO::fadvise $fh, $offset, $len, $advice
266 IO::AIO::mlockall $flags
267 IO::AIO::munlockall
223 268
224=head2 AIO REQUEST FUNCTIONS 269=head2 AIO REQUEST FUNCTIONS
225 270
226All the C<aio_*> calls are more or less thin wrappers around the syscall 271All the C<aio_*> calls are more or less thin wrappers around the syscall
227with the same name (sans C<aio_>). The arguments are similar or identical, 272with the same name (sans C<aio_>). The arguments are similar or identical,
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307by the umask in effect then the request is being executed, so better never 352by the umask in effect then the request is being executed, so better never
308change the umask. 353change the umask.
309 354
310Example: 355Example:
311 356
312 aio_open "/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY, 0, sub { 357 aio_open "/etc/passwd", IO::AIO::O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
313 if ($_[0]) { 358 if ($_[0]) {
314 print "open successful, fh is $_[0]\n"; 359 print "open successful, fh is $_[0]\n";
315 ... 360 ...
316 } else { 361 } else {
317 die "open failed: $!\n"; 362 die "open failed: $!\n";
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343Reads or writes C<$length> bytes from or to the specified C<$fh> and 388Reads or writes C<$length> bytes from or to the specified C<$fh> and
344C<$offset> into the scalar given by C<$data> and offset C<$dataoffset> 389C<$offset> into the scalar given by C<$data> and offset C<$dataoffset>
345and calls the callback without the actual number of bytes read (or -1 on 390and calls the callback without the actual number of bytes read (or -1 on
346error, just like the syscall). 391error, just like the syscall).
347 392
393C<aio_read> will, like C<sysread>, shrink or grow the C<$data> scalar to
394offset plus the actual number of bytes read.
395
348If C<$offset> is undefined, then the current file descriptor offset will 396If C<$offset> is undefined, then the current file descriptor offset will
349be used (and updated), otherwise the file descriptor offset will not be 397be used (and updated), otherwise the file descriptor offset will not be
350changed by these calls. 398changed by these calls.
351 399
352If C<$length> is undefined in C<aio_write>, use the remaining length of 400If C<$length> is undefined in C<aio_write>, use the remaining length of
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376than one C<aio_sendfile> per C<$out_fh>, as they will interfere with each 424than one C<aio_sendfile> per C<$out_fh>, as they will interfere with each
377other. 425other.
378 426
379This call tries to make use of a native C<sendfile> syscall to provide 427This call tries to make use of a native C<sendfile> syscall to provide
380zero-copy operation. For this to work, C<$out_fh> should refer to a 428zero-copy operation. For this to work, C<$out_fh> should refer to a
381socket, and C<$in_fh> should refer to mmap'able file. 429socket, and C<$in_fh> should refer to an mmap'able file.
382 430
383If the native sendfile call fails or is not implemented, it will be 431If a native sendfile cannot be found or it fails with C<ENOSYS>,
432C<ENOTSUP>, C<EOPNOTSUPP>, C<EAFNOSUPPORT>, C<EPROTOTYPE> or C<ENOTSOCK>,
384emulated, so you can call C<aio_sendfile> on any type of filehandle 433it will be emulated, so you can call C<aio_sendfile> on any type of
385regardless of the limitations of the operating system. 434filehandle regardless of the limitations of the operating system.
386 435
387Please note, however, that C<aio_sendfile> can read more bytes from 436Please note, however, that C<aio_sendfile> can read more bytes from
388C<$in_fh> than are written, and there is no way to find out how many 437C<$in_fh> than are written, and there is no way to find out how many
389bytes have been read from C<aio_sendfile> alone, as C<aio_sendfile> only 438bytes have been read from C<aio_sendfile> alone, as C<aio_sendfile> only
390provides the number of bytes written to C<$out_fh>. Only if the result 439provides the number of bytes written to C<$out_fh>. Only if the result
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428 $_[0] and die "stat failed: $!"; 477 $_[0] and die "stat failed: $!";
429 print "size is ", -s _, "\n"; 478 print "size is ", -s _, "\n";
430 }; 479 };
431 480
432 481
482=item aio_statvfs $fh_or_path, $callback->($statvfs)
483
484Works like the POSIX C<statvfs> or C<fstatvfs> syscalls, depending on
485whether a file handle or path was passed.
486
487On success, the callback is passed a hash reference with the following
488members: C<bsize>, C<frsize>, C<blocks>, C<bfree>, C<bavail>, C<files>,
489C<ffree>, C<favail>, C<fsid>, C<flag> and C<namemax>. On failure, C<undef>
490is passed.
491
492The following POSIX IO::AIO::ST_* constants are defined: C<ST_RDONLY> and
493C<ST_NOSUID>.
494
495The following non-POSIX IO::AIO::ST_* flag masks are defined to
496their correct value when available, or to C<0> on systems that do
497not support them: C<ST_NODEV>, C<ST_NOEXEC>, C<ST_SYNCHRONOUS>,
498C<ST_MANDLOCK>, C<ST_WRITE>, C<ST_APPEND>, C<ST_IMMUTABLE>, C<ST_NOATIME>,
499C<ST_NODIRATIME> and C<ST_RELATIME>.
500
501Example: stat C</wd> and dump out the data if successful.
502
503 aio_statvfs "/wd", sub {
504 my $f = $_[0]
505 or die "statvfs: $!";
506
507 use Data::Dumper;
508 say Dumper $f;
509 };
510
511 # result:
512 {
513 bsize => 1024,
514 bfree => 4333064312,
515 blocks => 10253828096,
516 files => 2050765568,
517 flag => 4096,
518 favail => 2042092649,
519 bavail => 4333064312,
520 ffree => 2042092649,
521 namemax => 255,
522 frsize => 1024,
523 fsid => 1810
524 }
525
526
433=item aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status) 527=item aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)
434 528
435Works like perl's C<utime> function (including the special case of $atime 529Works like perl's C<utime> function (including the special case of $atime
436and $mtime being undef). Fractional times are supported if the underlying 530and $mtime being undef). Fractional times are supported if the underlying
437syscalls support them. 531syscalls support them.
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530 624
531Unlike the POSIX call of the same name, C<aio_readdir> reads an entire 625Unlike the POSIX call of the same name, C<aio_readdir> reads an entire
532directory (i.e. opendir + readdir + closedir). The entries will not be 626directory (i.e. opendir + readdir + closedir). The entries will not be
533sorted, and will B<NOT> include the C<.> and C<..> entries. 627sorted, and will B<NOT> include the C<.> and C<..> entries.
534 628
535The callback a single argument which is either C<undef> or an array-ref 629The callback is passed a single argument which is either C<undef> or an
536with the filenames. 630array-ref with the filenames.
631
632
633=item aio_readdirx $pathname, $flags, $callback->($entries, $flags)
634
635Quite similar to C<aio_readdir>, but the C<$flags> argument allows to tune
636behaviour and output format. In case of an error, C<$entries> will be
637C<undef>.
638
639The flags are a combination of the following constants, ORed together (the
640flags will also be passed to the callback, possibly modified):
641
642=over 4
643
644=item IO::AIO::READDIR_DENTS
645
646When this flag is off, then the callback gets an arrayref with of names
647only (as with C<aio_readdir>), otherwise it gets an arrayref with
648C<[$name, $type, $inode]> arrayrefs, each describing a single directory
649entry in more detail.
650
651C<$name> is the name of the entry.
652
653C<$type> is one of the C<IO::AIO::DT_xxx> constants:
654
655C<IO::AIO::DT_UNKNOWN>, C<IO::AIO::DT_FIFO>, C<IO::AIO::DT_CHR>, C<IO::AIO::DT_DIR>,
656C<IO::AIO::DT_BLK>, C<IO::AIO::DT_REG>, C<IO::AIO::DT_LNK>, C<IO::AIO::DT_SOCK>,
657C<IO::AIO::DT_WHT>.
658
659C<IO::AIO::DT_UNKNOWN> means just that: readdir does not know. If you need to
660know, you have to run stat yourself. Also, for speed reasons, the C<$type>
661scalars are read-only: you can not modify them.
662
663C<$inode> is the inode number (which might not be exact on systems with 64
664bit inode numbers and 32 bit perls). This field has unspecified content on
665systems that do not deliver the inode information.
666
667=item IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST
668
669When this flag is set, then the names will be returned in an order where
670likely directories come first. This is useful when you need to quickly
671find directories, or you want to find all directories while avoiding to
672stat() each entry.
673
674If the system returns type information in readdir, then this is used
675to find directories directly. Otherwise, likely directories are files
676beginning with ".", or otherwise files with no dots, of which files with
677short names are tried first.
678
679=item IO::AIO::READDIR_STAT_ORDER
680
681When this flag is set, then the names will be returned in an order
682suitable for stat()'ing each one. That is, when you plan to stat()
683all files in the given directory, then the returned order will likely
684be fastest.
685
686If both this flag and C<IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST> are specified, then
687the likely dirs come first, resulting in a less optimal stat order.
688
689=item IO::AIO::READDIR_FOUND_UNKNOWN
690
691This flag should not be set when calling C<aio_readdirx>. Instead, it
692is being set by C<aio_readdirx>, when any of the C<$type>'s found were
693C<IO::AIO::DT_UNKNOWN>. The absense of this flag therefore indicates that all
694C<$type>'s are known, which can be used to speed up some algorithms.
695
696=back
537 697
538 698
539=item aio_load $path, $data, $callback->($status) 699=item aio_load $path, $data, $callback->($status)
540 700
541This is a composite request that tries to fully load the given file into 701This is a composite request that tries to fully load the given file into
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566 726
567=item aio_copy $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status) 727=item aio_copy $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
568 728
569Try to copy the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or 729Try to copy the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or
570destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with 730destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with
571the C<0> (error) or C<-1> ok. 731a status of C<0> (ok) or C<-1> (error, see C<$!>).
572 732
573This is a composite request that creates the destination file with 733This is a composite request that creates the destination file with
574mode 0200 and copies the contents of the source file into it using 734mode 0200 and copies the contents of the source file into it using
575C<aio_sendfile>, followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and 735C<aio_sendfile>, followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and
576uid/gid, in that order. 736uid/gid, in that order.
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588 my $grp = aio_group $cb; 748 my $grp = aio_group $cb;
589 749
590 aioreq_pri $pri; 750 aioreq_pri $pri;
591 add $grp aio_open $src, O_RDONLY, 0, sub { 751 add $grp aio_open $src, O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
592 if (my $src_fh = $_[0]) { 752 if (my $src_fh = $_[0]) {
593 my @stat = stat $src_fh; 753 my @stat = stat $src_fh; # hmm, might block over nfs?
594 754
595 aioreq_pri $pri; 755 aioreq_pri $pri;
596 add $grp aio_open $dst, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0200, sub { 756 add $grp aio_open $dst, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0200, sub {
597 if (my $dst_fh = $_[0]) { 757 if (my $dst_fh = $_[0]) {
598 aioreq_pri $pri; 758 aioreq_pri $pri;
599 add $grp aio_sendfile $dst_fh, $src_fh, 0, $stat[7], sub { 759 add $grp aio_sendfile $dst_fh, $src_fh, 0, $stat[7], sub {
600 if ($_[0] == $stat[7]) { 760 if ($_[0] == $stat[7]) {
601 $grp->result (0); 761 $grp->result (0);
602 close $src_fh; 762 close $src_fh;
603 763
604 # those should not normally block. should. should. 764 my $ch = sub {
605 utime $stat[8], $stat[9], $dst; 765 aioreq_pri $pri;
606 chmod $stat[2] & 07777, $dst_fh; 766 add $grp aio_chmod $dst_fh, $stat[2] & 07777, sub {
607 chown $stat[4], $stat[5], $dst_fh; 767 aioreq_pri $pri;
768 add $grp aio_chown $dst_fh, $stat[4], $stat[5], sub {
769 aioreq_pri $pri;
770 add $grp aio_close $dst_fh;
771 }
772 };
773 };
608 774
609 aioreq_pri $pri; 775 aioreq_pri $pri;
610 add $grp aio_close $dst_fh; 776 add $grp aio_utime $dst_fh, $stat[8], $stat[9], sub {
777 if ($_[0] < 0 && $! == ENOSYS) {
778 aioreq_pri $pri;
779 add $grp aio_utime $dst, $stat[8], $stat[9], $ch;
780 } else {
781 $ch->();
782 }
783 };
611 } else { 784 } else {
612 $grp->result (-1); 785 $grp->result (-1);
613 close $src_fh; 786 close $src_fh;
614 close $dst_fh; 787 close $dst_fh;
615 788
… …
632 805
633=item aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status) 806=item aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
634 807
635Try to move the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or 808Try to move the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or
636destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with 809destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with
637the C<0> (error) or C<-1> ok. 810a status of C<0> (ok) or C<-1> (error, see C<$!>).
638 811
639This is a composite request that tries to rename(2) the file first; if 812This is a composite request that tries to rename(2) the file first; if
640rename fails with C<EXDEV>, it copies the file with C<aio_copy> and, if 813rename fails with C<EXDEV>, it copies the file with C<aio_copy> and, if
641that is successful, unlinks the C<$srcpath>. 814that is successful, unlinks the C<$srcpath>.
642 815
… …
693 866
694Implementation notes. 867Implementation notes.
695 868
696The C<aio_readdir> cannot be avoided, but C<stat()>'ing every entry can. 869The C<aio_readdir> cannot be avoided, but C<stat()>'ing every entry can.
697 870
871If readdir returns file type information, then this is used directly to
872find directories.
873
698After reading the directory, the modification time, size etc. of the 874Otherwise, after reading the directory, the modification time, size etc.
699directory before and after the readdir is checked, and if they match (and 875of the directory before and after the readdir is checked, and if they
700isn't the current time), the link count will be used to decide how many 876match (and isn't the current time), the link count will be used to decide
701entries are directories (if >= 2). Otherwise, no knowledge of the number 877how many entries are directories (if >= 2). Otherwise, no knowledge of the
702of subdirectories will be assumed. 878number of subdirectories will be assumed.
703 879
704Then entries will be sorted into likely directories (everything without 880Then entries will be sorted into likely directories a non-initial dot
705a non-initial dot currently) and likely non-directories (everything 881currently) and likely non-directories (see C<aio_readdirx>). Then every
706else). Then every entry plus an appended C</.> will be C<stat>'ed, 882entry plus an appended C</.> will be C<stat>'ed, likely directories first,
707likely directories first. If that succeeds, it assumes that the entry 883in order of their inode numbers. If that succeeds, it assumes that the
708is a directory or a symlink to directory (which will be checked 884entry is a directory or a symlink to directory (which will be checked
709seperately). This is often faster than stat'ing the entry itself because 885seperately). This is often faster than stat'ing the entry itself because
710filesystems might detect the type of the entry without reading the inode 886filesystems might detect the type of the entry without reading the inode
711data (e.g. ext2fs filetype feature). 887data (e.g. ext2fs filetype feature), even on systems that cannot return
888the filetype information on readdir.
712 889
713If the known number of directories (link count - 2) has been reached, the 890If the known number of directories (link count - 2) has been reached, the
714rest of the entries is assumed to be non-directories. 891rest of the entries is assumed to be non-directories.
715 892
716This only works with certainty on POSIX (= UNIX) filesystems, which 893This only works with certainty on POSIX (= UNIX) filesystems, which
… …
738 my $now = time; 915 my $now = time;
739 my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9]; 916 my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
740 917
741 # read the directory entries 918 # read the directory entries
742 aioreq_pri $pri; 919 aioreq_pri $pri;
743 add $grp aio_readdir $path, sub { 920 add $grp aio_readdirx $path, READDIR_DIRS_FIRST, sub {
744 my $entries = shift 921 my $entries = shift
745 or return $grp->result (); 922 or return $grp->result ();
746 923
747 # stat the dir another time 924 # stat the dir another time
748 aioreq_pri $pri; 925 aioreq_pri $pri;
… …
754 # take the slow route if anything looks fishy 931 # take the slow route if anything looks fishy
755 if ($hash1 ne $hash2 or (stat _)[9] == $now) { 932 if ($hash1 ne $hash2 or (stat _)[9] == $now) {
756 $ndirs = -1; 933 $ndirs = -1;
757 } else { 934 } else {
758 # if nlink == 2, we are finished 935 # if nlink == 2, we are finished
759 # on non-posix-fs's, we rely on nlink < 2 936 # for non-posix-fs's, we rely on nlink < 2
760 $ndirs = (stat _)[3] - 2 937 $ndirs = (stat _)[3] - 2
761 or return $grp->result ([], $entries); 938 or return $grp->result ([], $entries);
762 } 939 }
763 940
764 # sort into likely dirs and likely nondirs
765 # dirs == files without ".", short entries first
766 $entries = [map $_->[0],
767 sort { $b->[1] cmp $a->[1] }
768 map [$_, sprintf "%s%04d", (/.\./ ? "1" : "0"), length],
769 @$entries];
770
771 my (@dirs, @nondirs); 941 my (@dirs, @nondirs);
772 942
773 my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group sub { 943 my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group sub {
774 $grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs); 944 $grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs);
775 }; 945 };
776 946
777 limit $statgrp $maxreq; 947 limit $statgrp $maxreq;
778 feed $statgrp sub { 948 feed $statgrp sub {
779 return unless @$entries; 949 return unless @$entries;
780 my $entry = pop @$entries; 950 my $entry = shift @$entries;
781 951
782 aioreq_pri $pri; 952 aioreq_pri $pri;
783 add $statgrp aio_stat "$path/$entry/.", sub { 953 add $statgrp aio_stat "$path/$entry/.", sub {
784 if ($_[0] < 0) { 954 if ($_[0] < 0) {
785 push @nondirs, $entry; 955 push @nondirs, $entry;
… …
879(E.g. rename). This might not work on all operating systems or have any 1049(E.g. rename). This might not work on all operating systems or have any
880specific effect, but usually it makes sure that directory changes get 1050specific effect, but usually it makes sure that directory changes get
881written to disc. It works for anything that can be opened for read-only, 1051written to disc. It works for anything that can be opened for read-only,
882not just directories. 1052not just directories.
883 1053
1054Future versions of this function might fall back to other methods when
1055C<fsync> on the directory fails (such as calling C<sync>).
1056
884Passes C<0> when everything went ok, and C<-1> on error. 1057Passes C<0> when everything went ok, and C<-1> on error.
885 1058
886=cut 1059=cut
887 1060
888sub aio_pathsync($;$) { 1061sub aio_pathsync($;$) {
… …
908 }; 1081 };
909 1082
910 $grp 1083 $grp
911} 1084}
912 1085
1086=item aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)
1087
1088This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which only works on mmap(2)ed
1089scalars (see the C<IO::AIO::mmap> function, although it also works on data
1090scalars managed by the L<Sys::Mmap> or L<Mmap> modules, note that the
1091scalar must only be modified in-place while an aio operation is pending on
1092it).
1093
1094It calls the C<msync> function of your OS, if available, with the memory
1095area starting at C<$offset> in the string and ending C<$length> bytes
1096later. If C<$length> is negative, counts from the end, and if C<$length>
1097is C<undef>, then it goes till the end of the string. The flags can be
1098a combination of C<IO::AIO::MS_ASYNC>, C<IO::AIO::MS_INVALIDATE> and
1099C<IO::AIO::MS_SYNC>.
1100
1101=item aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)
1102
1103This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which works best on mmap(2)ed
1104scalars.
1105
1106It touches (reads or writes) all memory pages in the specified
1107range inside the scalar. All caveats and parameters are the same
1108as for C<aio_msync>, above, except for flags, which must be either
1109C<0> (which reads all pages and ensures they are instantiated) or
1110C<IO::AIO::MT_MODIFY>, which modifies the memory page s(by reading and
1111writing an octet from it, which dirties the page).
1112
913=item aio_group $callback->(...) 1113=item aio_group $callback->(...)
914 1114
915This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a 1115This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a
916container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle 1116container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle
917many requests into a single, composite, request with a definite callback 1117many requests into a single, composite, request with a definite callback
… …
966=item cancel $req 1166=item cancel $req
967 1167
968Cancels the request, if possible. Has the effect of skipping execution 1168Cancels the request, if possible. Has the effect of skipping execution
969when entering the B<execute> state and skipping calling the callback when 1169when entering the B<execute> state and skipping calling the callback when
970entering the the B<result> state, but will leave the request otherwise 1170entering the the B<result> state, but will leave the request otherwise
971untouched. That means that requests that currently execute will not be 1171untouched (with the exception of readdir). That means that requests that
972stopped and resources held by the request will not be freed prematurely. 1172currently execute will not be stopped and resources held by the request
1173will not be freed prematurely.
973 1174
974=item cb $req $callback->(...) 1175=item cb $req $callback->(...)
975 1176
976Replace (or simply set) the callback registered to the request. 1177Replace (or simply set) the callback registered to the request.
977 1178
… …
1050 1251
1051=item $grp->cancel_subs 1252=item $grp->cancel_subs
1052 1253
1053Cancel all subrequests and clears any feeder, but not the group request 1254Cancel all subrequests and clears any feeder, but not the group request
1054itself. Useful when you queued a lot of events but got a result early. 1255itself. Useful when you queued a lot of events but got a result early.
1256
1257The group request will finish normally (you cannot add requests to the
1258group).
1055 1259
1056=item $grp->result (...) 1260=item $grp->result (...)
1057 1261
1058Set the result value(s) that will be passed to the group callback when all 1262Set the result value(s) that will be passed to the group callback when all
1059subrequests have finished and set the groups errno to the current value 1263subrequests have finished and set the groups errno to the current value
… …
1128=over 4 1332=over 4
1129 1333
1130=item $fileno = IO::AIO::poll_fileno 1334=item $fileno = IO::AIO::poll_fileno
1131 1335
1132Return the I<request result pipe file descriptor>. This filehandle must be 1336Return the I<request result pipe file descriptor>. This filehandle must be
1133polled for reading by some mechanism outside this module (e.g. Event or 1337polled for reading by some mechanism outside this module (e.g. EV, Glib,
1134select, see below or the SYNOPSIS). If the pipe becomes readable you have 1338select and so on, see below or the SYNOPSIS). If the pipe becomes readable
1135to call C<poll_cb> to check the results. 1339you have to call C<poll_cb> to check the results.
1136 1340
1137See C<poll_cb> for an example. 1341See C<poll_cb> for an example.
1138 1342
1139=item IO::AIO::poll_cb 1343=item IO::AIO::poll_cb
1140 1344
… …
1147If not all requests were processed for whatever reason, the filehandle 1351If not all requests were processed for whatever reason, the filehandle
1148will still be ready when C<poll_cb> returns, so normally you don't have to 1352will still be ready when C<poll_cb> returns, so normally you don't have to
1149do anything special to have it called later. 1353do anything special to have it called later.
1150 1354
1151Example: Install an Event watcher that automatically calls 1355Example: Install an Event watcher that automatically calls
1152IO::AIO::poll_cb with high priority: 1356IO::AIO::poll_cb with high priority (more examples can be found in the
1357SYNOPSIS section, at the top of this document):
1153 1358
1154 Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, 1359 Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
1155 poll => 'r', async => 1, 1360 poll => 'r', async => 1,
1156 cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb); 1361 cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
1362
1363=item IO::AIO::poll_wait
1364
1365If there are any outstanding requests and none of them in the result
1366phase, wait till the result filehandle becomes ready for reading (simply
1367does a C<select> on the filehandle. This is useful if you want to
1368synchronously wait for some requests to finish).
1369
1370See C<nreqs> for an example.
1371
1372=item IO::AIO::poll
1373
1374Waits until some requests have been handled.
1375
1376Returns the number of requests processed, but is otherwise strictly
1377equivalent to:
1378
1379 IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
1380
1381=item IO::AIO::flush
1382
1383Wait till all outstanding AIO requests have been handled.
1384
1385Strictly equivalent to:
1386
1387 IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
1388 while IO::AIO::nreqs;
1157 1389
1158=item IO::AIO::max_poll_reqs $nreqs 1390=item IO::AIO::max_poll_reqs $nreqs
1159 1391
1160=item IO::AIO::max_poll_time $seconds 1392=item IO::AIO::max_poll_time $seconds
1161 1393
… …
1186 # use a low priority so other tasks have priority 1418 # use a low priority so other tasks have priority
1187 Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno, 1419 Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
1188 poll => 'r', nice => 1, 1420 poll => 'r', nice => 1,
1189 cb => &IO::AIO::poll_cb); 1421 cb => &IO::AIO::poll_cb);
1190 1422
1191=item IO::AIO::poll_wait
1192
1193If there are any outstanding requests and none of them in the result
1194phase, wait till the result filehandle becomes ready for reading (simply
1195does a C<select> on the filehandle. This is useful if you want to
1196synchronously wait for some requests to finish).
1197
1198See C<nreqs> for an example.
1199
1200=item IO::AIO::poll
1201
1202Waits until some requests have been handled.
1203
1204Returns the number of requests processed, but is otherwise strictly
1205equivalent to:
1206
1207 IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
1208
1209=item IO::AIO::flush
1210
1211Wait till all outstanding AIO requests have been handled.
1212
1213Strictly equivalent to:
1214
1215 IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
1216 while IO::AIO::nreqs;
1217
1218=back 1423=back
1219 1424
1220=head3 CONTROLLING THE NUMBER OF THREADS 1425=head3 CONTROLLING THE NUMBER OF THREADS
1221 1426
1222=over 1427=over
… …
1314Returns the number of requests currently in the pending state (executed, 1519Returns the number of requests currently in the pending state (executed,
1315but not yet processed by poll_cb). 1520but not yet processed by poll_cb).
1316 1521
1317=back 1522=back
1318 1523
1524=head3 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS
1525
1526IO::AIO implements some functions that might be useful, but are not
1527asynchronous.
1528
1529=over 4
1530
1531=item IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count
1532
1533Calls the C<eio_sendfile_sync> function, which is like C<aio_sendfile>,
1534but is blocking (this makes most sense if you know the input data is
1535likely cached already and the output filehandle is set to non-blocking
1536operations).
1537
1538Returns the number of bytes copied, or C<-1> on error.
1539
1540=item IO::AIO::fadvise $fh, $offset, $len, $advice
1541
1542Simply calls the C<posix_fadvise> function (see it's
1543manpage for details). The following advice constants are
1544avaiable: C<IO::AIO::FADV_NORMAL>, C<IO::AIO::FADV_SEQUENTIAL>,
1545C<IO::AIO::FADV_RANDOM>, C<IO::AIO::FADV_NOREUSE>,
1546C<IO::AIO::FADV_WILLNEED>, C<IO::AIO::FADV_DONTNEED>.
1547
1548On systems that do not implement C<posix_fadvise>, this function returns
1549ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<posix_fadvise>.
1550
1551=item IO::AIO::mmap $scalar, $length, $prot, $flags, $fh[, $offset]
1552
1553Memory-maps a file (or anonymous memory range) and attaches it to the
1554given C<$scalar>, which will act like a string scalar.
1555
1556The only operations allowed on the scalar are C<substr>/C<vec> that don't
1557change the string length, and most read-only operations such as copying it
1558or searching it with regexes and so on.
1559
1560Anything else is unsafe and will, at best, result in memory leaks.
1561
1562The memory map associated with the C<$scalar> is automatically removed
1563when the C<$scalar> is destroyed, or when the C<IO::AIO::mmap> or
1564C<IO::AIO::munmap> functions are called.
1565
1566This calls the C<mmap>(2) function internally. See your system's manual
1567page for details on the C<$length>, C<$prot> and C<$flags> parameters.
1568
1569The C<$length> must be larger than zero and smaller than the actual
1570filesize.
1571
1572C<$prot> is a combination of C<IO::AIO::PROT_NONE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_EXEC>,
1573C<IO::AIO::PROT_READ> and/or C<IO::AIO::PROT_WRITE>,
1574
1575C<$flags> can be a combination of C<IO::AIO::MAP_SHARED> or
1576C<IO::AIO::MAP_PRIVATE>, or a number of system-specific flags (when
1577not available, the are defined as 0): C<IO::AIO::MAP_ANONYMOUS>
1578(which is set to C<MAP_ANON> if your system only provides this
1579constant), C<IO::AIO::MAP_HUGETLB>, C<IO::AIO::MAP_LOCKED>,
1580C<IO::AIO::MAP_NORESERVE>, C<IO::AIO::MAP_POPULATE> or
1581C<IO::AIO::MAP_NONBLOCK>
1582
1583If C<$fh> is C<undef>, then a file descriptor of C<-1> is passed.
1584
1585C<$offset> is the offset from the start of the file - it generally must be
1586a multiple of C<IO::AIO::PAGESIZE> and defaults to C<0>.
1587
1588Example:
1589
1590 use Digest::MD5;
1591 use IO::AIO;
1592
1593 open my $fh, "<verybigfile"
1594 or die "$!";
1595
1596 IO::AIO::mmap my $data, -s $fh, IO::AIO::PROT_READ, IO::AIO::MAP_SHARED, $fh
1597 or die "verybigfile: $!";
1598
1599 my $fast_md5 = md5 $data;
1600
1601=item IO::AIO::munmap $scalar
1602
1603Removes a previous mmap and undefines the C<$scalar>.
1604
1605=item IO::AIO::mlockall $flags
1606
1607Calls the C<mlockall> function with the given C<$flags> (a combination of
1608C<IO::AIO::MCL_CURRENT> and C<IO::AIO::MCL__FUTURE>).
1609
1610On systems that do not implement C<mlockall>, this function returns
1611ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<mlockall>.
1612
1613=item IO::AIO::munlockall
1614
1615Calls the C<munlockall> function.
1616
1617On systems that do not implement C<munlockall>, this function returns
1618ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<munlockall>.
1619
1620=back
1621
1319=cut 1622=cut
1320 1623
1321min_parallel 8; 1624min_parallel 8;
1322 1625
1323END { flush } 1626END { flush }
1324 1627
13251; 16281;
1629
1630=head1 EVENT LOOP INTEGRATION
1631
1632It is recommended to use L<AnyEvent::AIO> to integrate IO::AIO
1633automatically into many event loops:
1634
1635 # AnyEvent integration (EV, Event, Glib, Tk, POE, urxvt, pureperl...)
1636 use AnyEvent::AIO;
1637
1638You can also integrate IO::AIO manually into many event loops, here are
1639some examples of how to do this:
1640
1641 # EV integration
1642 my $aio_w = EV::io IO::AIO::poll_fileno, EV::READ, \&IO::AIO::poll_cb;
1643
1644 # Event integration
1645 Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
1646 poll => 'r',
1647 cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
1648
1649 # Glib/Gtk2 integration
1650 add_watch Glib::IO IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
1651 in => sub { IO::AIO::poll_cb; 1 };
1652
1653 # Tk integration
1654 Tk::Event::IO->fileevent (IO::AIO::poll_fileno, "",
1655 readable => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
1656
1657 # Danga::Socket integration
1658 Danga::Socket->AddOtherFds (IO::AIO::poll_fileno =>
1659 \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
1326 1660
1327=head2 FORK BEHAVIOUR 1661=head2 FORK BEHAVIOUR
1328 1662
1329This module should do "the right thing" when the process using it forks: 1663This module should do "the right thing" when the process using it forks:
1330 1664

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