[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/IO-AIO/AIO.pm

Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.209 by root, Tue Sep 27 00:41:51 2011 UTC vs.
Revision 1.277 by root, Fri Sep 22 12:17:49 2017 UTC

…		…
1	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
2		2
3	IO::AIO - Asynchronous Input/Output	3	IO::AIO - Asynchronous/Advanced Input/Output
4		4
5	=head1 SYNOPSIS	5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
6		6
7	use IO::AIO;	7	use IO::AIO;
8		8
58	not well-supported or restricted (GNU/Linux doesn't allow them on normal	58	not well-supported or restricted (GNU/Linux doesn't allow them on normal
59	files currently, for example), and they would only support aio_read and	59	files currently, for example), and they would only support aio_read and
60	aio_write, so the remaining functionality would have to be implemented	60	aio_write, so the remaining functionality would have to be implemented
61	using threads anyway.	61	using threads anyway.
62		62
		63	In addition to asynchronous I/O, this module also exports some rather
		64	arcane interfaces, such as C<madvise> or linux's C<splice> system call,
		65	which is why the C<A> in C<AIO> can also mean I<advanced>.
		66
63	Although the module will work in the presence of other (Perl-) threads,	67	Although the module will work in the presence of other (Perl-) threads,
64	it is currently not reentrant in any way, so use appropriate locking	68	it is currently not reentrant in any way, so use appropriate locking
65	yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never	69	yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never
66	call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively.	70	call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively.
67		71
68	=head2 EXAMPLE	72	=head2 EXAMPLE
69		73
70	This is a simple example that uses the EV module and loads	74	This is a simple example that uses the EV module and loads
71	F</etc/passwd> asynchronously:	75	F</etc/passwd> asynchronously:
72		76
73	use Fcntl;
74	use EV;	77	use EV;
75	use IO::AIO;	78	use IO::AIO;
76		79
77	# register the IO::AIO callback with EV	80	# register the IO::AIO callback with EV
78	my $aio_w = EV::io IO::AIO::poll_fileno, EV::READ, \&IO::AIO::poll_cb;	81	my $aio_w = EV::io IO::AIO::poll_fileno, EV::READ, \&IO::AIO::poll_cb;
…		…
95		98
96	# file contents now in $contents	99	# file contents now in $contents
97	print $contents;	100	print $contents;
98		101
99	# exit event loop and program	102	# exit event loop and program
100	EV::unloop;	103	EV::break;
101	};	104	};
102	};	105	};
103		106
104	# possibly queue up other requests, or open GUI windows,	107	# possibly queue up other requests, or open GUI windows,
105	# check for sockets etc. etc.	108	# check for sockets etc. etc.
106		109
107	# process events as long as there are some:	110	# process events as long as there are some:
108	EV::loop;	111	EV::run;
109		112
110	=head1 REQUEST ANATOMY AND LIFETIME	113	=head1 REQUEST ANATOMY AND LIFETIME
111		114
112	Every C<aio_*> function creates a request. which is a C data structure not	115	Every C<aio_*> function creates a request. which is a C data structure not
113	directly visible to Perl.	116	directly visible to Perl.
…		…
168	use common::sense;	171	use common::sense;
169		172
170	use base 'Exporter';	173	use base 'Exporter';
171		174
172	BEGIN {	175	BEGIN {
173	our $VERSION = '4.0';	176	our $VERSION = 4.35;
174		177
175	our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close	178	our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_seek aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close
176	aio_stat aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_readdirx	179	aio_stat aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_readdirx
177	aio_scandir aio_symlink aio_readlink aio_realpath aio_sync	180	aio_scandir aio_symlink aio_readlink aio_realpath aio_fcntl aio_ioctl
178	aio_fsync aio_syncfs aio_fdatasync aio_sync_file_range aio_fallocate	181	aio_sync aio_fsync aio_syncfs aio_fdatasync aio_sync_file_range
179	aio_pathsync aio_readahead	182	aio_pathsync aio_readahead aio_fiemap aio_allocate
180	aio_rename aio_link aio_move aio_copy aio_group	183	aio_rename aio_rename2 aio_link aio_move aio_copy aio_group
181	aio_nop aio_mknod aio_load aio_rmtree aio_mkdir aio_chown	184	aio_nop aio_mknod aio_load aio_rmtree aio_mkdir aio_chown
182	aio_chmod aio_utime aio_truncate	185	aio_chmod aio_utime aio_truncate
183	aio_msync aio_mtouch aio_mlock aio_mlockall	186	aio_msync aio_mtouch aio_mlock aio_mlockall
184	aio_statvfs	187	aio_statvfs
185	aio_wd);	188	aio_wd);
…		…
202		205
203	=head1 FUNCTIONS	206	=head1 FUNCTIONS
204		207
205	=head2 QUICK OVERVIEW	208	=head2 QUICK OVERVIEW
206		209
207	This section simply lists the prototypes of the most important functions	210	This section simply lists the prototypes most of the functions for
208	for quick reference. See the following sections for function-by-function	211	quick reference. See the following sections for function-by-function
209	documentation.	212	documentation.
210		213
211	aio_wd $pathname, $callback->($wd)	214	aio_wd $pathname, $callback->($wd)
212	aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)	215	aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)
213	aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)	216	aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)
		217	aio_seek $fh,$offset,$whence, $callback->($offs)
214	aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)	218	aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
215	aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)	219	aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
216	aio_sendfile $out_fh, $in_fh, $in_offset, $length, $callback->($retval)	220	aio_sendfile $out_fh, $in_fh, $in_offset, $length, $callback->($retval)
217	aio_readahead $fh,$offset,$length, $callback->($retval)	221	aio_readahead $fh,$offset,$length, $callback->($retval)
218	aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)	222	aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)
219	aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)	223	aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)
220	aio_statvfs $fh_or_path, $callback->($statvfs)	224	aio_statvfs $fh_or_path, $callback->($statvfs)
221	aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)	225	aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)
222	aio_chown $fh_or_path, $uid, $gid, $callback->($status)	226	aio_chown $fh_or_path, $uid, $gid, $callback->($status)
		227	aio_chmod $fh_or_path, $mode, $callback->($status)
223	aio_truncate $fh_or_path, $offset, $callback->($status)	228	aio_truncate $fh_or_path, $offset, $callback->($status)
224	aio_chmod $fh_or_path, $mode, $callback->($status)	229	aio_allocate $fh, $mode, $offset, $len, $callback->($status)
		230	aio_fiemap $fh, $start, $length, $flags, $count, $cb->(\@extents)
225	aio_unlink $pathname, $callback->($status)	231	aio_unlink $pathname, $callback->($status)
226	aio_mknod $pathname, $mode, $dev, $callback->($status)	232	aio_mknod $pathname, $mode, $dev, $callback->($status)
227	aio_link $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	233	aio_link $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
228	aio_symlink $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	234	aio_symlink $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
229	aio_readlink $pathname, $callback->($link)	235	aio_readlink $pathname, $callback->($link)
230	aio_realpath $pathname, $callback->($link)	236	aio_realpath $pathname, $callback->($path)
231	aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	237	aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
		238	aio_rename2 $srcpath, $dstpath, $flags, $callback->($status)
232	aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)	239	aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)
233	aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)	240	aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)
234	aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)	241	aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)
235	aio_readdirx $pathname, $flags, $callback->($entries, $flags)	242	aio_readdirx $pathname, $flags, $callback->($entries, $flags)
236	IO::AIO::READDIR_DENTS IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST	243	IO::AIO::READDIR_DENTS IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST
237	IO::AIO::READDIR_STAT_ORDER IO::AIO::READDIR_FOUND_UNKNOWN	244	IO::AIO::READDIR_STAT_ORDER IO::AIO::READDIR_FOUND_UNKNOWN
		245	aio_scandir $pathname, $maxreq, $callback->($dirs, $nondirs)
238	aio_load $pathname, $data, $callback->($status)	246	aio_load $pathname, $data, $callback->($status)
239	aio_copy $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	247	aio_copy $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
240	aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	248	aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
241	aio_scandir $pathname, $maxreq, $callback->($dirs, $nondirs)
242	aio_rmtree $pathname, $callback->($status)	249	aio_rmtree $pathname, $callback->($status)
		250	aio_fcntl $fh, $cmd, $arg, $callback->($status)
		251	aio_ioctl $fh, $request, $buf, $callback->($status)
243	aio_sync $callback->($status)	252	aio_sync $callback->($status)
244	aio_syncfs $fh, $callback->($status)	253	aio_syncfs $fh, $callback->($status)
245	aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)	254	aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)
246	aio_fdatasync $fh, $callback->($status)	255	aio_fdatasync $fh, $callback->($status)
247	aio_sync_file_range $fh, $offset, $nbytes, $flags, $callback->($status)	256	aio_sync_file_range $fh, $offset, $nbytes, $flags, $callback->($status)
248	aio_pathsync $pathname, $callback->($status)	257	aio_pathsync $pathname, $callback->($status)
249	aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)	258	aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = MS_SYNC, $callback->($status)
250	aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)	259	aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)
251	aio_mlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, $callback->($status)	260	aio_mlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, $callback->($status)
252	aio_mlockall $flags, $callback->($status)	261	aio_mlockall $flags, $callback->($status)
253	aio_group $callback->(...)	262	aio_group $callback->(...)
254	aio_nop $callback->()	263	aio_nop $callback->()
…		…
268	IO::AIO::idle_timeout $seconds	277	IO::AIO::idle_timeout $seconds
269	IO::AIO::max_outstanding $maxreqs	278	IO::AIO::max_outstanding $maxreqs
270	IO::AIO::nreqs	279	IO::AIO::nreqs
271	IO::AIO::nready	280	IO::AIO::nready
272	IO::AIO::npending	281	IO::AIO::npending
		282	IO::AIO::min_fdlimit $nfd;
273		283
274	IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count	284	IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count
275	IO::AIO::fadvise $fh, $offset, $len, $advice	285	IO::AIO::fadvise $fh, $offset, $len, $advice
		286	IO::AIO::mmap $scalar, $length, $prot, $flags[, $fh[, $offset]]
		287	IO::AIO::munmap $scalar
276	IO::AIO::madvise $scalar, $offset, $length, $advice	288	IO::AIO::madvise $scalar, $offset, $length, $advice
277	IO::AIO::mprotect $scalar, $offset, $length, $protect	289	IO::AIO::mprotect $scalar, $offset, $length, $protect
278	IO::AIO::munlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef	290	IO::AIO::munlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef
279	IO::AIO::munlockall	291	IO::AIO::munlockall
280		292
281	=head2 AIO REQUEST FUNCTIONS	293	=head2 API NOTES
282		294
283	All the C<aio_*> calls are more or less thin wrappers around the syscall	295	All the C<aio_*> calls are more or less thin wrappers around the syscall
284	with the same name (sans C<aio_>). The arguments are similar or identical,	296	with the same name (sans C<aio_>). The arguments are similar or identical,
285	and they all accept an additional (and optional) C<$callback> argument	297	and they all accept an additional (and optional) C<$callback> argument
286	which must be a code reference. This code reference will get called with	298	which must be a code reference. This code reference will be called after
287	the syscall return code (e.g. most syscalls return C<-1> on error, unlike	299	the syscall has been executed in an asynchronous fashion. The results
288	perl, which usually delivers "false") as its sole argument after the given	300	of the request will be passed as arguments to the callback (and, if an
289	syscall has been executed asynchronously.	301	error occured, in C<$!>) - for most requests the syscall return code (e.g.
		302	most syscalls return C<-1> on error, unlike perl, which usually delivers
		303	"false").
		304
		305	Some requests (such as C<aio_readdir>) pass the actual results and
		306	communicate failures by passing C<undef>.
290		307
291	All functions expecting a filehandle keep a copy of the filehandle	308	All functions expecting a filehandle keep a copy of the filehandle
292	internally until the request has finished.	309	internally until the request has finished.
293		310
294	All functions return request objects of type L<IO::AIO::REQ> that allow	311	All functions return request objects of type L<IO::AIO::REQ> that allow
295	further manipulation of those requests while they are in-flight.	312	further manipulation of those requests while they are in-flight.
296		313
297	The pathnames you pass to these routines I<should> be absolute. The	314	The pathnames you pass to these routines I<should> be absolute. The
298	reason for this is that at the time the request is being executed, the	315	reason for this is that at the time the request is being executed, the
299	current working directory could have changed. Alternatively, you can make	316	current working directory could have changed. Alternatively, you can
300	sure that you never change the current working directory anywhere in	317	make sure that you never change the current working directory anywhere
301	the program and then use relative paths. Lastly, you can take advantage	318	in the program and then use relative paths. You can also take advantage
302	of IO::AIOs working directory abstraction - see the description of the	319	of IO::AIOs working directory abstraction, that lets you specify paths
		320	relative to some previously-opened "working directory object" - see the
303	C<IO::AIO::WD> class later in this document.	321	description of the C<IO::AIO::WD> class later in this document.
304		322
305	To encode pathnames as octets, either make sure you either: a) always pass	323	To encode pathnames as octets, either make sure you either: a) always pass
306	in filenames you got from outside (command line, readdir etc.) without	324	in filenames you got from outside (command line, readdir etc.) without
307	tinkering, b) are ASCII or ISO 8859-1, c) use the Encode module and encode	325	tinkering, b) are in your native filesystem encoding, c) use the Encode
308	your pathnames to the locale (or other) encoding in effect in the user	326	module and encode your pathnames to the locale (or other) encoding in
309	environment, d) use Glib::filename_from_unicode on unicode filenames or e)	327	effect in the user environment, d) use Glib::filename_from_unicode on
310	use something else to ensure your scalar has the correct contents.	328	unicode filenames or e) use something else to ensure your scalar has the
		329	correct contents.
311		330
312	This works, btw. independent of the internal UTF-8 bit, which IO::AIO	331	This works, btw. independent of the internal UTF-8 bit, which IO::AIO
313	handles correctly whether it is set or not.	332	handles correctly whether it is set or not.
		333
		334	=head2 AIO REQUEST FUNCTIONS
314		335
315	=over 4	336	=over 4
316		337
317	=item $prev_pri = aioreq_pri [$pri]	338	=item $prev_pri = aioreq_pri [$pri]
318		339
…		…
348		369
349		370
350	=item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)	371	=item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)
351		372
352	Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly	373	Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly
353	created filehandle for the file.	374	created filehandle for the file (or C<undef> in case of an error).
354		375
355	The pathname passed to C<aio_open> must be absolute. See API NOTES, above,	376	The pathname passed to C<aio_open> must be absolute. See API NOTES, above,
356	for an explanation.	377	for an explanation.
357		378
358	The C<$flags> argument is a bitmask. See the C<Fcntl> module for a	379	The C<$flags> argument is a bitmask. See the C<Fcntl> module for a
…		…
381	following POSIX and non-POSIX constants are available (missing ones on	402	following POSIX and non-POSIX constants are available (missing ones on
382	your system are, as usual, C<0>):	403	your system are, as usual, C<0>):
383		404
384	C<O_ASYNC>, C<O_DIRECT>, C<O_NOATIME>, C<O_CLOEXEC>, C<O_NOCTTY>, C<O_NOFOLLOW>,	405	C<O_ASYNC>, C<O_DIRECT>, C<O_NOATIME>, C<O_CLOEXEC>, C<O_NOCTTY>, C<O_NOFOLLOW>,
385	C<O_NONBLOCK>, C<O_EXEC>, C<O_SEARCH>, C<O_DIRECTORY>, C<O_DSYNC>,	406	C<O_NONBLOCK>, C<O_EXEC>, C<O_SEARCH>, C<O_DIRECTORY>, C<O_DSYNC>,
386	C<O_RSYNC>, C<O_SYNC> and C<O_TTY_INIT>.	407	C<O_RSYNC>, C<O_SYNC>, C<O_PATH>, C<O_TMPFILE>, and C<O_TTY_INIT>.
387		408
388		409
389	=item aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)	410	=item aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)
390		411
391	Asynchronously close a file and call the callback with the result	412	Asynchronously close a file and call the callback with the result
…		…
401	Or in other words: the file descriptor will be closed, but it will not be	422	Or in other words: the file descriptor will be closed, but it will not be
402	free for reuse until the perl filehandle is closed.	423	free for reuse until the perl filehandle is closed.
403		424
404	=cut	425	=cut
405		426
		427	=item aio_seek $fh, $offset, $whence, $callback->($offs)
		428
		429	Seeks the filehandle to the new C<$offset>, similarly to perl's
		430	C<sysseek>. The C<$whence> can use the traditional values (C<0> for
		431	C<IO::AIO::SEEK_SET>, C<1> for C<IO::AIO::SEEK_CUR> or C<2> for
		432	C<IO::AIO::SEEK_END>).
		433
		434	The resulting absolute offset will be passed to the callback, or C<-1> in
		435	case of an error.
		436
		437	In theory, the C<$whence> constants could be different than the
		438	corresponding values from L<Fcntl>, but perl guarantees they are the same,
		439	so don't panic.
		440
		441	As a GNU/Linux (and maybe Solaris) extension, also the constants
		442	C<IO::AIO::SEEK_DATA> and C<IO::AIO::SEEK_HOLE> are available, if they
		443	could be found. No guarantees about suitability for use in C<aio_seek> or
		444	Perl's C<sysseek> can be made though, although I would naively assume they
		445	"just work".
		446
406	=item aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)	447	=item aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
407		448
408	=item aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)	449	=item aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
409		450
410	Reads or writes C<$length> bytes from or to the specified C<$fh> and	451	Reads or writes C<$length> bytes from or to the specified C<$fh> and
411	C<$offset> into the scalar given by C<$data> and offset C<$dataoffset>	452	C<$offset> into the scalar given by C<$data> and offset C<$dataoffset> and
412	and calls the callback without the actual number of bytes read (or -1 on	453	calls the callback with the actual number of bytes transferred (or -1 on
413	error, just like the syscall).	454	error, just like the syscall).
414		455
415	C<aio_read> will, like C<sysread>, shrink or grow the C<$data> scalar to	456	C<aio_read> will, like C<sysread>, shrink or grow the C<$data> scalar to
416	offset plus the actual number of bytes read.	457	offset plus the actual number of bytes read.
417		458
…		…
475	As native sendfile syscalls (as practically any non-POSIX interface hacked	516	As native sendfile syscalls (as practically any non-POSIX interface hacked
476	together in a hurry to improve benchmark numbers) tend to be rather buggy	517	together in a hurry to improve benchmark numbers) tend to be rather buggy
477	on many systems, this implementation tries to work around some known bugs	518	on many systems, this implementation tries to work around some known bugs
478	in Linux and FreeBSD kernels (probably others, too), but that might fail,	519	in Linux and FreeBSD kernels (probably others, too), but that might fail,
479	so you really really should check the return value of C<aio_sendfile> -	520	so you really really should check the return value of C<aio_sendfile> -
480	fewre bytes than expected might have been transferred.	521	fewer bytes than expected might have been transferred.
481		522
482		523
483	=item aio_readahead $fh,$offset,$length, $callback->($retval)	524	=item aio_readahead $fh,$offset,$length, $callback->($retval)
484		525
485	C<aio_readahead> populates the page cache with data from a file so that	526	C<aio_readahead> populates the page cache with data from a file so that
…		…
489	whole pages, so that offset is effectively rounded down to a page boundary	530	whole pages, so that offset is effectively rounded down to a page boundary
490	and bytes are read up to the next page boundary greater than or equal to	531	and bytes are read up to the next page boundary greater than or equal to
491	(off-set+length). C<aio_readahead> does not read beyond the end of the	532	(off-set+length). C<aio_readahead> does not read beyond the end of the
492	file. The current file offset of the file is left unchanged.	533	file. The current file offset of the file is left unchanged.
493		534
494	If that syscall doesn't exist (likely if your OS isn't Linux) it will be	535	If that syscall doesn't exist (likely if your kernel isn't Linux) it will
495	emulated by simply reading the data, which would have a similar effect.	536	be emulated by simply reading the data, which would have a similar effect.
496		537
497		538
498	=item aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)	539	=item aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)
499		540
500	=item aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)	541	=item aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)
…		…
569	namemax => 255,	610	namemax => 255,
570	frsize => 1024,	611	frsize => 1024,
571	fsid => 1810	612	fsid => 1810
572	}	613	}
573		614
		615	Here is a (likely partial - send me updates!) list of fsid values used by
		616	Linux - it is safe to hardcode these when C<$^O> is C<linux>:
		617
		618	0x0000adf5 adfs
		619	0x0000adff affs
		620	0x5346414f afs
		621	0x09041934 anon-inode filesystem
		622	0x00000187 autofs
		623	0x42465331 befs
		624	0x1badface bfs
		625	0x42494e4d binfmt_misc
		626	0x9123683e btrfs
		627	0x0027e0eb cgroupfs
		628	0xff534d42 cifs
		629	0x73757245 coda
		630	0x012ff7b7 coh
		631	0x28cd3d45 cramfs
		632	0x453dcd28 cramfs-wend (wrong endianness)
		633	0x64626720 debugfs
		634	0x00001373 devfs
		635	0x00001cd1 devpts
		636	0x0000f15f ecryptfs
		637	0x00414a53 efs
		638	0x0000137d ext
		639	0x0000ef53 ext2/ext3/ext4
		640	0x0000ef51 ext2
		641	0xf2f52010 f2fs
		642	0x00004006 fat
		643	0x65735546 fuseblk
		644	0x65735543 fusectl
		645	0x0bad1dea futexfs
		646	0x01161970 gfs2
		647	0x47504653 gpfs
		648	0x00004244 hfs
		649	0xf995e849 hpfs
		650	0x00c0ffee hostfs
		651	0x958458f6 hugetlbfs
		652	0x2bad1dea inotifyfs
		653	0x00009660 isofs
		654	0x000072b6 jffs2
		655	0x3153464a jfs
		656	0x6b414653 k-afs
		657	0x0bd00bd0 lustre
		658	0x0000137f minix
		659	0x0000138f minix 30 char names
		660	0x00002468 minix v2
		661	0x00002478 minix v2 30 char names
		662	0x00004d5a minix v3
		663	0x19800202 mqueue
		664	0x00004d44 msdos
		665	0x0000564c novell
		666	0x00006969 nfs
		667	0x6e667364 nfsd
		668	0x00003434 nilfs
		669	0x5346544e ntfs
		670	0x00009fa1 openprom
		671	0x7461636F ocfs2
		672	0x00009fa0 proc
		673	0x6165676c pstorefs
		674	0x0000002f qnx4
		675	0x68191122 qnx6
		676	0x858458f6 ramfs
		677	0x52654973 reiserfs
		678	0x00007275 romfs
		679	0x67596969 rpc_pipefs
		680	0x73636673 securityfs
		681	0xf97cff8c selinux
		682	0x0000517b smb
		683	0x534f434b sockfs
		684	0x73717368 squashfs
		685	0x62656572 sysfs
		686	0x012ff7b6 sysv2
		687	0x012ff7b5 sysv4
		688	0x01021994 tmpfs
		689	0x15013346 udf
		690	0x00011954 ufs
		691	0x54190100 ufs byteswapped
		692	0x00009fa2 usbdevfs
		693	0x01021997 v9fs
		694	0xa501fcf5 vxfs
		695	0xabba1974 xenfs
		696	0x012ff7b4 xenix
		697	0x58465342 xfs
		698	0x012fd16d xia
574		699
575	=item aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)	700	=item aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)
576		701
577	Works like perl's C<utime> function (including the special case of $atime	702	Works like perl's C<utime> function (including the special case of $atime
578	and $mtime being undef). Fractional times are supported if the underlying	703	and $mtime being undef). Fractional times are supported if the underlying
…		…
606	=item aio_truncate $fh_or_path, $offset, $callback->($status)	731	=item aio_truncate $fh_or_path, $offset, $callback->($status)
607		732
608	Works like truncate(2) or ftruncate(2).	733	Works like truncate(2) or ftruncate(2).
609		734
610		735
		736	=item aio_allocate $fh, $mode, $offset, $len, $callback->($status)
		737
		738	Allocates or frees disk space according to the C<$mode> argument. See the
		739	linux C<fallocate> documentation for details.
		740
		741	C<$mode> is usually C<0> or C<IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE> to allocate
		742	space, or C<IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE \| IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE>,
		743	to deallocate a file range.
		744
		745	IO::AIO also supports C<FALLOC_FL_COLLAPSE_RANGE>, to remove a range
		746	(without leaving a hole), C<FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE>, to zero a range,
		747	C<FALLOC_FL_INSERT_RANGE> to insert a range and C<FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE>
		748	to unshare shared blocks (see your L<fallocate(2)> manpage).
		749
		750	The file system block size used by C<fallocate> is presumably the
		751	C<f_bsize> returned by C<statvfs>, but different filesystems and filetypes
		752	can dictate other limitations.
		753
		754	If C<fallocate> isn't available or cannot be emulated (currently no
		755	emulation will be attempted), passes C<-1> and sets C<$!> to C<ENOSYS>.
		756
		757
611	=item aio_chmod $fh_or_path, $mode, $callback->($status)	758	=item aio_chmod $fh_or_path, $mode, $callback->($status)
612		759
613	Works like perl's C<chmod> function.	760	Works like perl's C<chmod> function.
614		761
615		762
…		…
652		799
653		800
654	=item aio_realpath $pathname, $callback->($path)	801	=item aio_realpath $pathname, $callback->($path)
655		802
656	Asynchronously make the path absolute and resolve any symlinks in	803	Asynchronously make the path absolute and resolve any symlinks in
657	C<$path>. The resulting path only consists of directories (Same as	804	C<$path>. The resulting path only consists of directories (same as
658	L<Cwd::realpath>).	805	L<Cwd::realpath>).
659		806
660	This request can be used to get the absolute path of the current working	807	This request can be used to get the absolute path of the current working
661	directory by passing it a path of F<.> (a single dot).	808	directory by passing it a path of F<.> (a single dot).
662		809
663		810
664	=item aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	811	=item aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
665		812
666	Asynchronously rename the object at C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath>, just as	813	Asynchronously rename the object at C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath>, just as
667	rename(2) and call the callback with the result code.	814	rename(2) and call the callback with the result code.
		815
		816	On systems that support the AIO::WD working directory abstraction
		817	natively, the case C<[$wd, "."]> as C<$srcpath> is specialcased - instead
		818	of failing, C<rename> is called on the absolute path of C<$wd>.
		819
		820
		821	=item aio_rename2 $srcpath, $dstpath, $flags, $callback->($status)
		822
		823	Basically a version of C<aio_rename> with an additional C<$flags>
		824	argument. Calling this with C<$flags=0> is the same as calling
		825	C<aio_rename>.
		826
		827	Non-zero flags are currently only supported on GNU/Linux systems that
		828	support renameat2. Other systems fail with C<ENOSYS> in this case.
		829
		830	The following constants are available (missing ones are, as usual C<0>),
		831	see renameat2(2) for details:
		832
		833	C<IO::AIO::RENAME_NOREPLACE>, C<IO::AIO::RENAME_EXCHANGE>
		834	and C<IO::AIO::RENAME_WHITEOUT>.
668		835
669		836
670	=item aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)	837	=item aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)
671		838
672	Asynchronously mkdir (create) a directory and call the callback with	839	Asynchronously mkdir (create) a directory and call the callback with
…		…
676		843
677	=item aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)	844	=item aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)
678		845
679	Asynchronously rmdir (delete) a directory and call the callback with the	846	Asynchronously rmdir (delete) a directory and call the callback with the
680	result code.	847	result code.
		848
		849	On systems that support the AIO::WD working directory abstraction
		850	natively, the case C<[$wd, "."]> is specialcased - instead of failing,
		851	C<rmdir> is called on the absolute path of C<$wd>.
681		852
682		853
683	=item aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)	854	=item aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)
684		855
685	Unlike the POSIX call of the same name, C<aio_readdir> reads an entire	856	Unlike the POSIX call of the same name, C<aio_readdir> reads an entire
…		…
787	=item aio_copy $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	958	=item aio_copy $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
788		959
789	Try to copy the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or	960	Try to copy the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or
790	destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with	961	destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with
791	a status of C<0> (ok) or C<-1> (error, see C<$!>).	962	a status of C<0> (ok) or C<-1> (error, see C<$!>).
		963
		964	Existing destination files will be truncated.
792		965
793	This is a composite request that creates the destination file with	966	This is a composite request that creates the destination file with
794	mode 0200 and copies the contents of the source file into it using	967	mode 0200 and copies the contents of the source file into it using
795	C<aio_sendfile>, followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and	968	C<aio_sendfile>, followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and
796	uid/gid, in that order.	969	uid/gid, in that order.
…		…
906	Scans a directory (similar to C<aio_readdir>) but additionally tries to	1079	Scans a directory (similar to C<aio_readdir>) but additionally tries to
907	efficiently separate the entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of	1080	efficiently separate the entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of
908	names, directories you can recurse into (directories), and ones you cannot	1081	names, directories you can recurse into (directories), and ones you cannot
909	recurse into (everything else, including symlinks to directories).	1082	recurse into (everything else, including symlinks to directories).
910		1083
911	C<aio_scandir> is a composite request that creates of many sub requests_	1084	C<aio_scandir> is a composite request that generates many sub requests.
912	C<$maxreq> specifies the maximum number of outstanding aio requests that	1085	C<$maxreq> specifies the maximum number of outstanding aio requests that
913	this function generates. If it is C<< <= 0 >>, then a suitable default	1086	this function generates. If it is C<< <= 0 >>, then a suitable default
914	will be chosen (currently 4).	1087	will be chosen (currently 4).
915		1088
916	On error, the callback is called without arguments, otherwise it receives	1089	On error, the callback is called without arguments, otherwise it receives
…		…
966		1139
967	my $grp = aio_group $cb;	1140	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
968		1141
969	$maxreq = 4 if $maxreq <= 0;	1142	$maxreq = 4 if $maxreq <= 0;
970		1143
971	# stat once	1144	# get a wd object
972	aioreq_pri $pri;	1145	aioreq_pri $pri;
973	add $grp aio_stat $path, sub {	1146	add $grp aio_wd $path, sub {
		1147	$_[0]
974	return $grp->result () if $_[0];	1148	or return $grp->result ();
975	my $now = time;
976	my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
977		1149
978	# read the directory entries	1150	my $wd = [shift, "."];
		1151
		1152	# stat once
979	aioreq_pri $pri;	1153	aioreq_pri $pri;
980	add $grp aio_readdirx $path, READDIR_DIRS_FIRST, sub {	1154	add $grp aio_stat $wd, sub {
981	my $entries = shift
982	or return $grp->result ();	1155	return $grp->result () if $_[0];
		1156	my $now = time;
		1157	my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
983		1158
984	# stat the dir another time	1159	# read the directory entries
985	aioreq_pri $pri;	1160	aioreq_pri $pri;
		1161	add $grp aio_readdirx $wd, READDIR_DIRS_FIRST, sub {
		1162	my $entries = shift
		1163	or return $grp->result ();
		1164
		1165	# stat the dir another time
		1166	aioreq_pri $pri;
986	add $grp aio_stat $path, sub {	1167	add $grp aio_stat $wd, sub {
987	my $hash2 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];	1168	my $hash2 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
988		1169
989	my $ndirs;	1170	my $ndirs;
990		1171
991	# take the slow route if anything looks fishy	1172	# take the slow route if anything looks fishy
992	if ($hash1 ne $hash2 or (stat _)[9] == $now) {	1173	if ($hash1 ne $hash2 or (stat _)[9] == $now) {
993	$ndirs = -1;	1174	$ndirs = -1;
994	} else {	1175	} else {
995	# if nlink == 2, we are finished	1176	# if nlink == 2, we are finished
996	# for non-posix-fs's, we rely on nlink < 2	1177	# for non-posix-fs's, we rely on nlink < 2
997	$ndirs = (stat _)[3] - 2	1178	$ndirs = (stat _)[3] - 2
998	or return $grp->result ([], $entries);	1179	or return $grp->result ([], $entries);
999	}	1180	}
1000		1181
1001	my (@dirs, @nondirs);	1182	my (@dirs, @nondirs);
1002		1183
1003	my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group sub {	1184	my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group sub {
1004	$grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs);	1185	$grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs);
1005	};	1186	};
1006		1187
1007	limit $statgrp $maxreq;	1188	limit $statgrp $maxreq;
1008	feed $statgrp sub {	1189	feed $statgrp sub {
1009	return unless @$entries;	1190	return unless @$entries;
1010	my $entry = shift @$entries;	1191	my $entry = shift @$entries;
1011		1192
1012	aioreq_pri $pri;	1193	aioreq_pri $pri;
		1194	$wd->[1] = "$entry/.";
1013	add $statgrp aio_stat "$path/$entry/.", sub {	1195	add $statgrp aio_stat $wd, sub {
1014	if ($_[0] < 0) {	1196	if ($_[0] < 0) {
1015	push @nondirs, $entry;	1197	push @nondirs, $entry;
1016	} else {	1198	} else {
1017	# need to check for real directory	1199	# need to check for real directory
1018	aioreq_pri $pri;	1200	aioreq_pri $pri;
		1201	$wd->[1] = $entry;
1019	add $statgrp aio_lstat "$path/$entry", sub {	1202	add $statgrp aio_lstat $wd, sub {
1020	if (-d _) {	1203	if (-d _) {
1021	push @dirs, $entry;	1204	push @dirs, $entry;
1022		1205
1023	unless (--$ndirs) {	1206	unless (--$ndirs) {
1024	push @nondirs, @$entries;	1207	push @nondirs, @$entries;
1025	feed $statgrp;	1208	feed $statgrp;
		1209	}
		1210	} else {
		1211	push @nondirs, $entry;
1026	}	1212	}
1027	} else {
1028	push @nondirs, $entry;
1029	}	1213	}
1030	}	1214	}
1031	}	1215	};
1032	};	1216	};
1033	};	1217	};
1034	};	1218	};
1035	};	1219	};
1036	};	1220	};
…		…
1039	}	1223	}
1040		1224
1041	=item aio_rmtree $pathname, $callback->($status)	1225	=item aio_rmtree $pathname, $callback->($status)
1042		1226
1043	Delete a directory tree starting (and including) C<$path>, return the	1227	Delete a directory tree starting (and including) C<$path>, return the
1044	status of the final C<rmdir> only. This is a composite request that	1228	status of the final C<rmdir> only. This is a composite request that
1045	uses C<aio_scandir> to recurse into and rmdir directories, and unlink	1229	uses C<aio_scandir> to recurse into and rmdir directories, and unlink
1046	everything else.	1230	everything else.
1047		1231
1048	=cut	1232	=cut
1049		1233
…		…
1070	add $grp $dirgrp;	1254	add $grp $dirgrp;
1071	};	1255	};
1072		1256
1073	$grp	1257	$grp
1074	}	1258	}
		1259
		1260	=item aio_fcntl $fh, $cmd, $arg, $callback->($status)
		1261
		1262	=item aio_ioctl $fh, $request, $buf, $callback->($status)
		1263
		1264	These work just like the C<fcntl> and C<ioctl> built-in functions, except
		1265	they execute asynchronously and pass the return value to the callback.
		1266
		1267	Both calls can be used for a lot of things, some of which make more sense
		1268	to run asynchronously in their own thread, while some others make less
		1269	sense. For example, calls that block waiting for external events, such
		1270	as locking, will also lock down an I/O thread while it is waiting, which
		1271	can deadlock the whole I/O system. At the same time, there might be no
		1272	alternative to using a thread to wait.
		1273
		1274	So in general, you should only use these calls for things that do
		1275	(filesystem) I/O, not for things that wait for other events (network,
		1276	other processes), although if you are careful and know what you are doing,
		1277	you still can.
		1278
		1279	The following constants are available (missing ones are, as usual C<0>):
		1280
		1281	C<F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC>,
		1282
		1283	C<F_OFD_GETLK>, C<F_OFD_SETLK>, C<F_OFD_GETLKW>,
		1284
		1285	C<FIFREEZE>, C<FITHAW>, C<FITRIM>, C<FICLONE>, C<FICLONERANGE>, C<FIDEDUPERANGE>.
		1286
		1287	C<FS_IOC_GETFLAGS>, C<FS_IOC_SETFLAGS>, C<FS_IOC_GETVERSION>, C<FS_IOC_SETVERSION>,
		1288	C<FS_IOC_FIEMAP>.
		1289
		1290	C<FS_IOC_FSGETXATTR>, C<FS_IOC_FSSETXATTR>, C<FS_IOC_SET_ENCRYPTION_POLICY>,
		1291	C<FS_IOC_GET_ENCRYPTION_PWSALT>, C<FS_IOC_GET_ENCRYPTION_POLICY>, C<FS_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE>.
		1292
		1293	C<FS_SECRM_FL>, C<FS_UNRM_FL>, C<FS_COMPR_FL>, C<FS_SYNC_FL>, C<FS_IMMUTABLE_FL>,
		1294	C<FS_APPEND_FL>, C<FS_NODUMP_FL>, C<FS_NOATIME_FL>, C<FS_DIRTY_FL>,
		1295	C<FS_COMPRBLK_FL>, C<FS_NOCOMP_FL>, C<FS_ENCRYPT_FL>, C<FS_BTREE_FL>,
		1296	C<FS_INDEX_FL>, C<FS_JOURNAL_DATA_FL>, C<FS_NOTAIL_FL>, C<FS_DIRSYNC_FL>, C<FS_TOPDIR_FL>,
		1297	C<FS_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE>.
		1298
		1299	C<FS_XFLAG_REALTIME>, C<FS_XFLAG_PREALLOC>, C<FS_XFLAG_IMMUTABLE>, C<FS_XFLAG_APPEND>,
		1300	C<FS_XFLAG_SYNC>, C<FS_XFLAG_NOATIME>, C<FS_XFLAG_NODUMP>, C<FS_XFLAG_RTINHERIT>,
		1301	C<FS_XFLAG_PROJINHERIT>, C<FS_XFLAG_NOSYMLINKS>, C<FS_XFLAG_EXTSIZE>, C<FS_XFLAG_EXTSZINHERIT>,
		1302	C<FS_XFLAG_NODEFRAG>, C<FS_XFLAG_FILESTREAM>, C<FS_XFLAG_DAX>, C<FS_XFLAG_HASATTR>,
1075		1303
1076	=item aio_sync $callback->($status)	1304	=item aio_sync $callback->($status)
1077		1305
1078	Asynchronously call sync and call the callback when finished.	1306	Asynchronously call sync and call the callback when finished.
1079		1307
…		…
1148	};	1376	};
1149		1377
1150	$grp	1378	$grp
1151	}	1379	}
1152		1380
1153	=item aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)	1381	=item aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = MS_SYNC, $callback->($status)
1154		1382
1155	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which only works on mmap(2)ed	1383	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which only works on mmap(2)ed
1156	scalars (see the C<IO::AIO::mmap> function, although it also works on data	1384	scalars (see the C<IO::AIO::mmap> function, although it also works on data
1157	scalars managed by the L<Sys::Mmap> or L<Mmap> modules, note that the	1385	scalars managed by the L<Sys::Mmap> or L<Mmap> modules, note that the
1158	scalar must only be modified in-place while an aio operation is pending on	1386	scalar must only be modified in-place while an aio operation is pending on
…		…
1160		1388
1161	It calls the C<msync> function of your OS, if available, with the memory	1389	It calls the C<msync> function of your OS, if available, with the memory
1162	area starting at C<$offset> in the string and ending C<$length> bytes	1390	area starting at C<$offset> in the string and ending C<$length> bytes
1163	later. If C<$length> is negative, counts from the end, and if C<$length>	1391	later. If C<$length> is negative, counts from the end, and if C<$length>
1164	is C<undef>, then it goes till the end of the string. The flags can be	1392	is C<undef>, then it goes till the end of the string. The flags can be
1165	a combination of C<IO::AIO::MS_ASYNC>, C<IO::AIO::MS_INVALIDATE> and	1393	either C<IO::AIO::MS_ASYNC> or C<IO::AIO::MS_SYNC>, plus an optional
1166	C<IO::AIO::MS_SYNC>.	1394	C<IO::AIO::MS_INVALIDATE>.
1167		1395
1168	=item aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)	1396	=item aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)
1169		1397
1170	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which works best on mmap(2)ed	1398	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which works best on mmap(2)ed
1171	scalars.	1399	scalars.
1172		1400
1173	It touches (reads or writes) all memory pages in the specified	1401	It touches (reads or writes) all memory pages in the specified
1174	range inside the scalar. All caveats and parameters are the same	1402	range inside the scalar. All caveats and parameters are the same
1175	as for C<aio_msync>, above, except for flags, which must be either	1403	as for C<aio_msync>, above, except for flags, which must be either
1176	C<0> (which reads all pages and ensures they are instantiated) or	1404	C<0> (which reads all pages and ensures they are instantiated) or
1177	C<IO::AIO::MT_MODIFY>, which modifies the memory page s(by reading and	1405	C<IO::AIO::MT_MODIFY>, which modifies the memory pages (by reading and
1178	writing an octet from it, which dirties the page).	1406	writing an octet from it, which dirties the page).
1179		1407
1180	=item aio_mlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, $callback->($status)	1408	=item aio_mlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, $callback->($status)
1181		1409
1182	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which works best on mmap(2)ed	1410	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which works best on mmap(2)ed
…		…
1213	documented under L<MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS>.	1441	documented under L<MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS>.
1214		1442
1215	Example: asynchronously lock all current and future pages into memory.	1443	Example: asynchronously lock all current and future pages into memory.
1216		1444
1217	aio_mlockall IO::AIO::MCL_FUTURE;	1445	aio_mlockall IO::AIO::MCL_FUTURE;
		1446
		1447	=item aio_fiemap $fh, $start, $length, $flags, $count, $cb->(\@extents)
		1448
		1449	Queries the extents of the given file (by calling the Linux C<FIEMAP>
		1450	ioctl, see L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/IO-AIO/doc/fiemap.txt> for details). If
		1451	the ioctl is not available on your OS, then this request will fail with
		1452	C<ENOSYS>.
		1453
		1454	C<$start> is the starting offset to query extents for, C<$length> is the
		1455	size of the range to query - if it is C<undef>, then the whole file will
		1456	be queried.
		1457
		1458	C<$flags> is a combination of flags (C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC> or
		1459	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_FLAG_XATTR> - C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_FLAGS_COMPAT> is also
		1460	exported), and is normally C<0> or C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_FLAG_SYNC> to query
		1461	the data portion.
		1462
		1463	C<$count> is the maximum number of extent records to return. If it is
		1464	C<undef>, then IO::AIO queries all extents of the range. As a very special
		1465	case, if it is C<0>, then the callback receives the number of extents
		1466	instead of the extents themselves (which is unreliable, see below).
		1467
		1468	If an error occurs, the callback receives no arguments. The special
		1469	C<errno> value C<IO::AIO::EBADR> is available to test for flag errors.
		1470
		1471	Otherwise, the callback receives an array reference with extent
		1472	structures. Each extent structure is an array reference itself, with the
		1473	following members:
		1474
		1475	[$logical, $physical, $length, $flags]
		1476
		1477	Flags is any combination of the following flag values (typically either C<0>
		1478	or C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_LAST> (1)):
		1479
		1480	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_LAST>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNKNOWN>,
		1481	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DELALLOC>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_ENCODED>,
		1482	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_ENCRYPTED>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_NOT_ALIGNED>,
		1483	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_TAIL>,
		1484	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNWRITTEN>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED> or
		1485	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_SHARED>.
		1486
		1487	At the time of this writing (Linux 3.2), this requets is unreliable unless
		1488	C<$count> is C<undef>, as the kernel has all sorts of bugs preventing
		1489	it to return all extents of a range for files with large number of
		1490	extents. The code works around all these issues if C<$count> is undef.
1218		1491
1219	=item aio_group $callback->(...)	1492	=item aio_group $callback->(...)
1220		1493
1221	This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a	1494	This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a
1222	container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle	1495	container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle
…		…
1286	object. This object stores the canonicalised, absolute version of the	1559	object. This object stores the canonicalised, absolute version of the
1287	path, and on systems that allow it, also a directory file descriptor.	1560	path, and on systems that allow it, also a directory file descriptor.
1288		1561
1289	Everywhere where a pathname is accepted by IO::AIO (e.g. in C<aio_stat>	1562	Everywhere where a pathname is accepted by IO::AIO (e.g. in C<aio_stat>
1290	or C<aio_unlink>), one can specify an array reference with an IO::AIO::WD	1563	or C<aio_unlink>), one can specify an array reference with an IO::AIO::WD
1291	object and a pathname instead. If the pathname is absolute, the	1564	object and a pathname instead (or the IO::AIO::WD object alone, which
		1565	gets interpreted as C<[$wd, "."]>). If the pathname is absolute, the
1292	IO::AIO::WD objetc is ignored, otherwise the pathname is resolved relative	1566	IO::AIO::WD object is ignored, otherwise the pathname is resolved relative
1293	to that IO::AIO::WD object.	1567	to that IO::AIO::WD object.
1294		1568
1295	For example, to get a wd object for F</etc> and then stat F<passwd>	1569	For example, to get a wd object for F</etc> and then stat F<passwd>
1296	inside, you would write:	1570	inside, you would write:
1297		1571
…		…
1305	aio_stat [$etcdir, "passwd"], sub {	1579	aio_stat [$etcdir, "passwd"], sub {
1306	# yay	1580	# yay
1307	};	1581	};
1308	};	1582	};
1309		1583
		1584	The fact that C<aio_wd> is a request and not a normal function shows that
1310	This shows that creating an IO::AIO::WD object is itself a potentially	1585	creating an IO::AIO::WD object is itself a potentially blocking operation,
1311	blocking operation, which is why it is done asynchronously.	1586	which is why it is done asynchronously.
		1587
		1588	To stat the directory obtained with C<aio_wd> above, one could write
		1589	either of the following three request calls:
		1590
		1591	aio_lstat "/etc" , sub { ... # pathname as normal string
		1592	aio_lstat [$wd, "."], sub { ... # "." relative to $wd (i.e. $wd itself)
		1593	aio_lstat $wd , sub { ... # shorthand for the previous
1312		1594
1313	As with normal pathnames, IO::AIO keeps a copy of the working directory	1595	As with normal pathnames, IO::AIO keeps a copy of the working directory
1314	object and the pathname string, so you could write the following without	1596	object and the pathname string, so you could write the following without
1315	causing any issues due to C<$path> getting reused:	1597	causing any issues due to C<$path> getting reused:
1316		1598
…		…
1326	There are some caveats: when directories get renamed (or deleted), the	1608	There are some caveats: when directories get renamed (or deleted), the
1327	pathname string doesn't change, so will point to the new directory (or	1609	pathname string doesn't change, so will point to the new directory (or
1328	nowhere at all), while the directory fd, if available on the system,	1610	nowhere at all), while the directory fd, if available on the system,
1329	will still point to the original directory. Most functions accepting a	1611	will still point to the original directory. Most functions accepting a
1330	pathname will use the directory fd on newer systems, and the string on	1612	pathname will use the directory fd on newer systems, and the string on
1331	older systems. Some functions (such as realpath) will always rely on the	1613	older systems. Some functions (such as C<aio_realpath>) will always rely on
1332	string form of the pathname.	1614	the string form of the pathname.
1333		1615
1334	So this fucntionality is mainly useful to get some protection against	1616	So this functionality is mainly useful to get some protection against
1335	C<chdir>, to easily get an absolute path out of a relative path for future	1617	C<chdir>, to easily get an absolute path out of a relative path for future
1336	reference, and to speed up doing many operations in the same directory	1618	reference, and to speed up doing many operations in the same directory
1337	(e.g. when stat'ing all files in a directory).	1619	(e.g. when stat'ing all files in a directory).
1338		1620
1339	The following functions implement this working directory abstraction:	1621	The following functions implement this working directory abstraction:
…		…
1352	passing C<undef> as working directory component of a pathname fails the	1634	passing C<undef> as working directory component of a pathname fails the
1353	request with C<ENOENT>, there is often no need for error checking in the	1635	request with C<ENOENT>, there is often no need for error checking in the
1354	C<aio_wd> callback, as future requests using the value will fail in the	1636	C<aio_wd> callback, as future requests using the value will fail in the
1355	expected way.	1637	expected way.
1356		1638
1357	If this call isn't available because your OS lacks it or it couldn't be
1358	detected, it will be emulated by calling C<fsync> instead.
1359
1360	=item IO::AIO::CWD	1639	=item IO::AIO::CWD
1361		1640
1362	This is a compiletime constant (object) that represents the process	1641	This is a compiletime constant (object) that represents the process
1363	current working directory.	1642	current working directory.
1364		1643
1365	Specifying this object as working directory object for a pathname is as	1644	Specifying this object as working directory object for a pathname is as if
1366	if the pathname would be specified directly, without a directory object,	1645	the pathname would be specified directly, without a directory object. For
1367	e.g., these calls are functionally identical:	1646	example, these calls are functionally identical:
1368		1647
1369	aio_stat "somefile", sub { ... };	1648	aio_stat "somefile", sub { ... };
1370	aio_stat [IO::AIO::CWD, "somefile"], sub { ... };	1649	aio_stat [IO::AIO::CWD, "somefile"], sub { ... };
1371		1650
1372	=back	1651	=back
1373		1652
		1653	To recover the path associated with an IO::AIO::WD object, you can use
		1654	C<aio_realpath>:
		1655
		1656	aio_realpath $wd, sub {
		1657	warn "path is $_[0]\n";
		1658	};
		1659
		1660	Currently, C<aio_statvfs> always, and C<aio_rename> and C<aio_rmdir>
		1661	sometimes, fall back to using an absolue path.
1374		1662
1375	=head2 IO::AIO::REQ CLASS	1663	=head2 IO::AIO::REQ CLASS
1376		1664
1377	All non-aggregate C<aio_*> functions return an object of this class when	1665	All non-aggregate C<aio_*> functions return an object of this class when
1378	called in non-void context.	1666	called in non-void context.
…		…
1496		1784
1497	Sets a feeder/generator on this group: every group can have an attached	1785	Sets a feeder/generator on this group: every group can have an attached
1498	generator that generates requests if idle. The idea behind this is that,	1786	generator that generates requests if idle. The idea behind this is that,
1499	although you could just queue as many requests as you want in a group,	1787	although you could just queue as many requests as you want in a group,
1500	this might starve other requests for a potentially long time. For example,	1788	this might starve other requests for a potentially long time. For example,
1501	C<aio_scandir> might generate hundreds of thousands C<aio_stat> requests,	1789	C<aio_scandir> might generate hundreds of thousands of C<aio_stat>
1502	delaying any later requests for a long time.	1790	requests, delaying any later requests for a long time.
1503		1791
1504	To avoid this, and allow incremental generation of requests, you can	1792	To avoid this, and allow incremental generation of requests, you can
1505	instead a group and set a feeder on it that generates those requests. The	1793	instead a group and set a feeder on it that generates those requests. The
1506	feed callback will be called whenever there are few enough (see C<limit>,	1794	feed callback will be called whenever there are few enough (see C<limit>,
1507	below) requests active in the group itself and is expected to queue more	1795	below) requests active in the group itself and is expected to queue more
…		…
1556		1844
1557	See C<poll_cb> for an example.	1845	See C<poll_cb> for an example.
1558		1846
1559	=item IO::AIO::poll_cb	1847	=item IO::AIO::poll_cb
1560		1848
1561	Process some outstanding events on the result pipe. You have to call	1849	Process some requests that have reached the result phase (i.e. they have
		1850	been executed but the results are not yet reported). You have to call
		1851	this "regularly" to finish outstanding requests.
		1852
1562	this regularly. Returns C<0> if all events could be processed (or there	1853	Returns C<0> if all events could be processed (or there were no
1563	were no events to process), or C<-1> if it returned earlier for whatever	1854	events to process), or C<-1> if it returned earlier for whatever
1564	reason. Returns immediately when no events are outstanding. The amount of	1855	reason. Returns immediately when no events are outstanding. The amount
1565	events processed depends on the settings of C<IO::AIO::max_poll_req> and	1856	of events processed depends on the settings of C<IO::AIO::max_poll_req>,
1566	C<IO::AIO::max_poll_time>.	1857	C<IO::AIO::max_poll_time> and C<IO::AIO::max_outstanding>.
1567		1858
1568	If not all requests were processed for whatever reason, the filehandle	1859	If not all requests were processed for whatever reason, the poll file
1569	will still be ready when C<poll_cb> returns, so normally you don't have to	1860	descriptor will still be ready when C<poll_cb> returns, so normally you
1570	do anything special to have it called later.	1861	don't have to do anything special to have it called later.
1571		1862
1572	Apart from calling C<IO::AIO::poll_cb> when the event filehandle becomes	1863	Apart from calling C<IO::AIO::poll_cb> when the event filehandle becomes
1573	ready, it can be beneficial to call this function from loops which submit	1864	ready, it can be beneficial to call this function from loops which submit
1574	a lot of requests, to make sure the results get processed when they become	1865	a lot of requests, to make sure the results get processed when they become
1575	available and not just when the loop is finished and the event loop takes	1866	available and not just when the loop is finished and the event loop takes
…		…
1584	poll => 'r', async => 1,	1875	poll => 'r', async => 1,
1585	cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);	1876	cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
1586		1877
1587	=item IO::AIO::poll_wait	1878	=item IO::AIO::poll_wait
1588		1879
1589	If there are any outstanding requests and none of them in the result	1880	Wait until either at least one request is in the result phase or no
1590	phase, wait till the result filehandle becomes ready for reading (simply	1881	requests are outstanding anymore.
1591	does a C<select> on the filehandle. This is useful if you want to	1882
1592	synchronously wait for some requests to finish).	1883	This is useful if you want to synchronously wait for some requests to
		1884	become ready, without actually handling them.
1593		1885
1594	See C<nreqs> for an example.	1886	See C<nreqs> for an example.
1595		1887
1596	=item IO::AIO::poll	1888	=item IO::AIO::poll
1597		1889
…		…
1718		2010
1719	This is a very bad function to use in interactive programs because it	2011	This is a very bad function to use in interactive programs because it
1720	blocks, and a bad way to reduce concurrency because it is inexact: Better	2012	blocks, and a bad way to reduce concurrency because it is inexact: Better
1721	use an C<aio_group> together with a feed callback.	2013	use an C<aio_group> together with a feed callback.
1722		2014
1723	It's main use is in scripts without an event loop - when you want to stat	2015	Its main use is in scripts without an event loop - when you want to stat
1724	a lot of files, you can write somehting like this:	2016	a lot of files, you can write something like this:
1725		2017
1726	IO::AIO::max_outstanding 32;	2018	IO::AIO::max_outstanding 32;
1727		2019
1728	for my $path (...) {	2020	for my $path (...) {
1729	aio_stat $path , ...;	2021	aio_stat $path , ...;
…		…
1768		2060
1769	=back	2061	=back
1770		2062
1771	=head3 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS	2063	=head3 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS
1772		2064
1773	IO::AIO implements some functions that might be useful, but are not	2065	IO::AIO implements some functions that are useful when you want to use
1774	asynchronous.	2066	some "Advanced I/O" function not available to in Perl, without going the
		2067	"Asynchronous I/O" route. Many of these have an asynchronous C<aio_*>
		2068	counterpart.
1775		2069
1776	=over 4	2070	=over 4
		2071
		2072	=item $numfd = IO::AIO::get_fdlimit
		2073
		2074	Tries to find the current file descriptor limit and returns it, or
		2075	C<undef> and sets C<$!> in case of an error. The limit is one larger than
		2076	the highest valid file descriptor number.
		2077
		2078	=item IO::AIO::min_fdlimit [$numfd]
		2079
		2080	Try to increase the current file descriptor limit(s) to at least C<$numfd>
		2081	by changing the soft or hard file descriptor resource limit. If C<$numfd>
		2082	is missing, it will try to set a very high limit, although this is not
		2083	recommended when you know the actual minimum that you require.
		2084
		2085	If the limit cannot be raised enough, the function makes a best-effort
		2086	attempt to increase the limit as much as possible, using various
		2087	tricks, while still failing. You can query the resulting limit using
		2088	C<IO::AIO::get_fdlimit>.
		2089
		2090	If an error occurs, returns C<undef> and sets C<$!>, otherwise returns
		2091	true.
1777		2092
1778	=item IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count	2093	=item IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count
1779		2094
1780	Calls the C<eio_sendfile_sync> function, which is like C<aio_sendfile>,	2095	Calls the C<eio_sendfile_sync> function, which is like C<aio_sendfile>,
1781	but is blocking (this makes most sense if you know the input data is	2096	but is blocking (this makes most sense if you know the input data is
…		…
1798	=item IO::AIO::madvise $scalar, $offset, $len, $advice	2113	=item IO::AIO::madvise $scalar, $offset, $len, $advice
1799		2114
1800	Simply calls the C<posix_madvise> function (see its	2115	Simply calls the C<posix_madvise> function (see its
1801	manpage for details). The following advice constants are	2116	manpage for details). The following advice constants are
1802	available: C<IO::AIO::MADV_NORMAL>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_SEQUENTIAL>,	2117	available: C<IO::AIO::MADV_NORMAL>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_SEQUENTIAL>,
1803	C<IO::AIO::MADV_RANDOM>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_WILLNEED>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_DONTNEED>.	2118	C<IO::AIO::MADV_RANDOM>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_WILLNEED>,
		2119	C<IO::AIO::MADV_DONTNEED>.
		2120
		2121	If C<$offset> is negative, counts from the end. If C<$length> is negative,
		2122	the remaining length of the C<$scalar> is used. If possible, C<$length>
		2123	will be reduced to fit into the C<$scalar>.
1804		2124
1805	On systems that do not implement C<posix_madvise>, this function returns	2125	On systems that do not implement C<posix_madvise>, this function returns
1806	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<posix_madvise>.	2126	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<posix_madvise>.
1807		2127
1808	=item IO::AIO::mprotect $scalar, $offset, $len, $protect	2128	=item IO::AIO::mprotect $scalar, $offset, $len, $protect
…		…
1810	Simply calls the C<mprotect> function on the preferably AIO::mmap'ed	2130	Simply calls the C<mprotect> function on the preferably AIO::mmap'ed
1811	$scalar (see its manpage for details). The following protect	2131	$scalar (see its manpage for details). The following protect
1812	constants are available: C<IO::AIO::PROT_NONE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_READ>,	2132	constants are available: C<IO::AIO::PROT_NONE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_READ>,
1813	C<IO::AIO::PROT_WRITE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_EXEC>.	2133	C<IO::AIO::PROT_WRITE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_EXEC>.
1814		2134
		2135	If C<$offset> is negative, counts from the end. If C<$length> is negative,
		2136	the remaining length of the C<$scalar> is used. If possible, C<$length>
		2137	will be reduced to fit into the C<$scalar>.
		2138
1815	On systems that do not implement C<mprotect>, this function returns	2139	On systems that do not implement C<mprotect>, this function returns
1816	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<mprotect>.	2140	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<mprotect>.
1817		2141
1818	=item IO::AIO::mmap $scalar, $length, $prot, $flags, $fh[, $offset]	2142	=item IO::AIO::mmap $scalar, $length, $prot, $flags, $fh[, $offset]
1819		2143
1820	Memory-maps a file (or anonymous memory range) and attaches it to the	2144	Memory-maps a file (or anonymous memory range) and attaches it to the
1821	given C<$scalar>, which will act like a string scalar.	2145	given C<$scalar>, which will act like a string scalar. Returns true on
		2146	success, and false otherwise.
1822		2147
		2148	The scalar must exist, but its contents do not matter - this means you
		2149	cannot use a nonexistant array or hash element. When in doubt, C<undef>
		2150	the scalar first.
		2151
1823	The only operations allowed on the scalar are C<substr>/C<vec> that don't	2152	The only operations allowed on the mmapped scalar are C<substr>/C<vec>,
1824	change the string length, and most read-only operations such as copying it	2153	which don't change the string length, and most read-only operations such
1825	or searching it with regexes and so on.	2154	as copying it or searching it with regexes and so on.
1826		2155
1827	Anything else is unsafe and will, at best, result in memory leaks.	2156	Anything else is unsafe and will, at best, result in memory leaks.
1828		2157
1829	The memory map associated with the C<$scalar> is automatically removed	2158	The memory map associated with the C<$scalar> is automatically removed
1830	when the C<$scalar> is destroyed, or when the C<IO::AIO::mmap> or	2159	when the C<$scalar> is undef'd or destroyed, or when the C<IO::AIO::mmap>
1831	C<IO::AIO::munmap> functions are called.	2160	or C<IO::AIO::munmap> functions are called on it.
1832		2161
1833	This calls the C<mmap>(2) function internally. See your system's manual	2162	This calls the C<mmap>(2) function internally. See your system's manual
1834	page for details on the C<$length>, C<$prot> and C<$flags> parameters.	2163	page for details on the C<$length>, C<$prot> and C<$flags> parameters.
1835		2164
1836	The C<$length> must be larger than zero and smaller than the actual	2165	The C<$length> must be larger than zero and smaller than the actual
1837	filesize.	2166	filesize.
1838		2167
1839	C<$prot> is a combination of C<IO::AIO::PROT_NONE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_EXEC>,	2168	C<$prot> is a combination of C<IO::AIO::PROT_NONE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_EXEC>,
1840	C<IO::AIO::PROT_READ> and/or C<IO::AIO::PROT_WRITE>,	2169	C<IO::AIO::PROT_READ> and/or C<IO::AIO::PROT_WRITE>,
1841		2170
1842	C<$flags> can be a combination of C<IO::AIO::MAP_SHARED> or	2171	C<$flags> can be a combination of
1843	C<IO::AIO::MAP_PRIVATE>, or a number of system-specific flags (when	2172	C<IO::AIO::MAP_SHARED> or
1844	not available, the are defined as 0): C<IO::AIO::MAP_ANONYMOUS>	2173	C<IO::AIO::MAP_PRIVATE>,
		2174	or a number of system-specific flags (when not available, the are C<0>):
1845	(which is set to C<MAP_ANON> if your system only provides this	2175	C<IO::AIO::MAP_ANONYMOUS> (which is set to C<MAP_ANON> if your system only provides this constant),
1846	constant), C<IO::AIO::MAP_HUGETLB>, C<IO::AIO::MAP_LOCKED>,	2176	C<IO::AIO::MAP_LOCKED>,
1847	C<IO::AIO::MAP_NORESERVE>, C<IO::AIO::MAP_POPULATE> or	2177	C<IO::AIO::MAP_NORESERVE>,
		2178	C<IO::AIO::MAP_POPULATE>,
1848	C<IO::AIO::MAP_NONBLOCK>	2179	C<IO::AIO::MAP_NONBLOCK>,
		2180	C<IO::AIO::MAP_FIXED>,
		2181	C<IO::AIO::MAP_GROWSDOWN>,
		2182	C<IO::AIO::MAP_32BIT>,
		2183	C<IO::AIO::MAP_HUGETLB> or
		2184	C<IO::AIO::MAP_STACK>.
1849		2185
1850	If C<$fh> is C<undef>, then a file descriptor of C<-1> is passed.	2186	If C<$fh> is C<undef>, then a file descriptor of C<-1> is passed.
1851		2187
1852	C<$offset> is the offset from the start of the file - it generally must be	2188	C<$offset> is the offset from the start of the file - it generally must be
1853	a multiple of C<IO::AIO::PAGESIZE> and defaults to C<0>.	2189	a multiple of C<IO::AIO::PAGESIZE> and defaults to C<0>.
…		…
1878		2214
1879	Calls the C<munlockall> function.	2215	Calls the C<munlockall> function.
1880		2216
1881	On systems that do not implement C<munlockall>, this function returns	2217	On systems that do not implement C<munlockall>, this function returns
1882	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<munlockall>.	2218	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<munlockall>.
		2219
		2220	=item IO::AIO::splice $r_fh, $r_off, $w_fh, $w_off, $length, $flags
		2221
		2222	Calls the GNU/Linux C<splice(2)> syscall, if available. If C<$r_off> or
		2223	C<$w_off> are C<undef>, then C<NULL> is passed for these, otherwise they
		2224	should be the file offset.
		2225
		2226	C<$r_fh> and C<$w_fh> should not refer to the same file, as splice might
		2227	silently corrupt the data in this case.
		2228
		2229	The following symbol flag values are available: C<IO::AIO::SPLICE_F_MOVE>,
		2230	C<IO::AIO::SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK>, C<IO::AIO::SPLICE_F_MORE> and
		2231	C<IO::AIO::SPLICE_F_GIFT>.
		2232
		2233	See the C<splice(2)> manpage for details.
		2234
		2235	=item IO::AIO::tee $r_fh, $w_fh, $length, $flags
		2236
		2237	Calls the GNU/Linux C<tee(2)> syscall, see its manpage and the
		2238	description for C<IO::AIO::splice> above for details.
		2239
		2240	=item $actual_size = IO::AIO::pipesize $r_fh[, $new_size]
		2241
		2242	Attempts to query or change the pipe buffer size. Obviously works only
		2243	on pipes, and currently works only on GNU/Linux systems, and fails with
		2244	C<-1>/C<ENOSYS> everywhere else. If anybody knows how to influence pipe buffer
		2245	size on other systems, drop me a note.
		2246
		2247	=item ($rfh, $wfh) = IO::AIO::pipe2 [$flags]
		2248
		2249	This is a direct interface to the Linux L<pipe2(2)> system call. If
		2250	C<$flags> is missing or C<0>, then this should be the same as a call to
		2251	perl's built-in C<pipe> function and create a new pipe, and works on
		2252	systems that lack the pipe2 syscall. On win32, this case invokes C<_pipe
		2253	(..., 4096, O_BINARY)>.
		2254
		2255	If C<$flags> is non-zero, it tries to invoke the pipe2 system call with
		2256	the given flags (Linux 2.6.27, glibc 2.9).
		2257
		2258	On success, the read and write file handles are returned.
		2259
		2260	On error, nothing will be returned. If the pipe2 syscall is missing and
		2261	C<$flags> is non-zero, fails with C<ENOSYS>.
		2262
		2263	Please refer to L<pipe2(2)> for more info on the C<$flags>, but at the
		2264	time of this writing, C<IO::AIO::O_CLOEXEC>, C<IO::AIO::O_NONBLOCK> and
		2265	C<IO::AIO::O_DIRECT> (Linux 3.4, for packet-based pipes) were supported.
1883		2266
1884	=back	2267	=back
1885		2268
1886	=cut	2269	=cut
1887		2270

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Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents): Revision 1.209 by root, Tue Sep 27 00:41:51 2011 UTC vs. Revision 1.277 by root, Fri Sep 22 12:17:49 2017 UTC

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Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.209 by root, Tue Sep 27 00:41:51 2011 UTC vs.
Revision 1.277 by root, Fri Sep 22 12:17:49 2017 UTC