[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/IO-AIO/AIO.pm

Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.263 by root, Tue Jul 12 20:46:33 2016 UTC vs.
Revision 1.320 by root, Tue Feb 20 06:40:23 2024 UTC

…		…
1	=head1 NAME	1	=head1 NAME
2		2
3	IO::AIO - Asynchronous Input/Output	3	IO::AIO - Asynchronous/Advanced Input/Output
4		4
5	=head1 SYNOPSIS	5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
6		6
7	use IO::AIO;	7	use IO::AIO;
8		8
58	not well-supported or restricted (GNU/Linux doesn't allow them on normal	58	not well-supported or restricted (GNU/Linux doesn't allow them on normal
59	files currently, for example), and they would only support aio_read and	59	files currently, for example), and they would only support aio_read and
60	aio_write, so the remaining functionality would have to be implemented	60	aio_write, so the remaining functionality would have to be implemented
61	using threads anyway.	61	using threads anyway.
62		62
		63	In addition to asynchronous I/O, this module also exports some rather
		64	arcane interfaces, such as C<madvise> or linux's C<splice> system call,
		65	which is why the C<A> in C<AIO> can also mean I<advanced>.
		66
63	Although the module will work in the presence of other (Perl-) threads,	67	Although the module will work in the presence of other (Perl-) threads,
64	it is currently not reentrant in any way, so use appropriate locking	68	it is currently not reentrant in any way, so use appropriate locking
65	yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never	69	yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never
66	call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively.	70	call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively.
67		71
…		…
167	use common::sense;	171	use common::sense;
168		172
169	use base 'Exporter';	173	use base 'Exporter';
170		174
171	BEGIN {	175	BEGIN {
172	our $VERSION = 4.34;	176	our $VERSION = 4.81;
173		177
174	our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_seek aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close	178	our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_seek aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close
175	aio_stat aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_readdirx	179	aio_stat aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_readdirx
176	aio_scandir aio_symlink aio_readlink aio_realpath aio_fcntl aio_ioctl	180	aio_scandir aio_symlink aio_readlink aio_realpath aio_fcntl aio_ioctl
177	aio_sync aio_fsync aio_syncfs aio_fdatasync aio_sync_file_range	181	aio_sync aio_fsync aio_syncfs aio_fdatasync aio_sync_file_range
178	aio_pathsync aio_readahead aio_fiemap aio_allocate	182	aio_pathsync aio_readahead aio_fiemap aio_allocate
179	aio_rename aio_link aio_move aio_copy aio_group	183	aio_rename aio_rename2 aio_link aio_move aio_copy aio_group
180	aio_nop aio_mknod aio_load aio_rmtree aio_mkdir aio_chown	184	aio_nop aio_mknod aio_load aio_rmtree aio_mkdir aio_chown
181	aio_chmod aio_utime aio_truncate	185	aio_chmod aio_utime aio_truncate
182	aio_msync aio_mtouch aio_mlock aio_mlockall	186	aio_msync aio_mtouch aio_mlock aio_mlockall
183	aio_statvfs	187	aio_statvfs
		188	aio_slurp
184	aio_wd);	189	aio_wd);
185		190
186	our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri aioreq_nice));	191	our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri aioreq_nice));
187	our @EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb poll_wait flush	192	our @EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb poll_wait flush
188	min_parallel max_parallel max_idle idle_timeout	193	min_parallel max_parallel max_idle idle_timeout
189	nreqs nready npending nthreads	194	nreqs nready npending nthreads
190	max_poll_time max_poll_reqs	195	max_poll_time max_poll_reqs
191	sendfile fadvise madvise	196	sendfile fadvise madvise
192	mmap munmap munlock munlockall);	197	mmap munmap mremap munlock munlockall
		198
		199	accept4 tee splice pipe2 pipesize
		200	fexecve mount umount memfd_create eventfd
		201	timerfd_create timerfd_settime timerfd_gettime
		202	pidfd_open pidfd_send_signal pidfd_getfd);
193		203
194	push @AIO_REQ, qw(aio_busy); # not exported	204	push @AIO_REQ, qw(aio_busy); # not exported
195		205
196	@IO::AIO::GRP::ISA = 'IO::AIO::REQ';	206	@IO::AIO::GRP::ISA = 'IO::AIO::REQ';
197		207
…		…
229	aio_link $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	239	aio_link $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
230	aio_symlink $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	240	aio_symlink $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
231	aio_readlink $pathname, $callback->($link)	241	aio_readlink $pathname, $callback->($link)
232	aio_realpath $pathname, $callback->($path)	242	aio_realpath $pathname, $callback->($path)
233	aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	243	aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
		244	aio_rename2 $srcpath, $dstpath, $flags, $callback->($status)
234	aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)	245	aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)
235	aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)	246	aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)
236	aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)	247	aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)
237	aio_readdirx $pathname, $flags, $callback->($entries, $flags)	248	aio_readdirx $pathname, $flags, $callback->($entries, $flags)
238	IO::AIO::READDIR_DENTS IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST	249	IO::AIO::READDIR_DENTS IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST
…		…
248	aio_syncfs $fh, $callback->($status)	259	aio_syncfs $fh, $callback->($status)
249	aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)	260	aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)
250	aio_fdatasync $fh, $callback->($status)	261	aio_fdatasync $fh, $callback->($status)
251	aio_sync_file_range $fh, $offset, $nbytes, $flags, $callback->($status)	262	aio_sync_file_range $fh, $offset, $nbytes, $flags, $callback->($status)
252	aio_pathsync $pathname, $callback->($status)	263	aio_pathsync $pathname, $callback->($status)
253	aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)	264	aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = MS_SYNC, $callback->($status)
254	aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)	265	aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)
255	aio_mlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, $callback->($status)	266	aio_mlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, $callback->($status)
256	aio_mlockall $flags, $callback->($status)	267	aio_mlockall $flags, $callback->($status)
257	aio_group $callback->(...)	268	aio_group $callback->(...)
258	aio_nop $callback->()	269	aio_nop $callback->()
…		…
272	IO::AIO::idle_timeout $seconds	283	IO::AIO::idle_timeout $seconds
273	IO::AIO::max_outstanding $maxreqs	284	IO::AIO::max_outstanding $maxreqs
274	IO::AIO::nreqs	285	IO::AIO::nreqs
275	IO::AIO::nready	286	IO::AIO::nready
276	IO::AIO::npending	287	IO::AIO::npending
		288	IO::AIO::reinit
		289
		290	$nfd = IO::AIO::get_fdlimit
		291	IO::AIO::min_fdlimit $nfd
277		292
278	IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count	293	IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count
279	IO::AIO::fadvise $fh, $offset, $len, $advice	294	IO::AIO::fadvise $fh, $offset, $len, $advice
		295	IO::AIO::fexecve $fh, $argv, $envp
		296
280	IO::AIO::mmap $scalar, $length, $prot, $flags[, $fh[, $offset]]	297	IO::AIO::mmap $scalar, $length, $prot, $flags[, $fh[, $offset]]
281	IO::AIO::munmap $scalar	298	IO::AIO::munmap $scalar
		299	IO::AIO::mremap $scalar, $new_length, $flags[, $new_address]
282	IO::AIO::madvise $scalar, $offset, $length, $advice	300	IO::AIO::madvise $scalar, $offset, $length, $advice
283	IO::AIO::mprotect $scalar, $offset, $length, $protect	301	IO::AIO::mprotect $scalar, $offset, $length, $protect
284	IO::AIO::munlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef	302	IO::AIO::munlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef
285	IO::AIO::munlockall	303	IO::AIO::munlockall
		304
		305	# stat extensions
		306	$counter = IO::AIO::st_gen
		307	$seconds = IO::AIO::st_atime, IO::AIO::st_mtime, IO::AIO::st_ctime, IO::AIO::st_btime
		308	($atime, $mtime, $ctime, $btime, ...) = IO::AIO::st_xtime
		309	$nanoseconds = IO::AIO::st_atimensec, IO::AIO::st_mtimensec, IO::AIO::st_ctimensec, IO::AIO::st_btimensec
		310	$seconds = IO::AIO::st_btimesec
		311	($atime, $mtime, $ctime, $btime, ...) = IO::AIO::st_xtimensec
		312
		313	# very much unportable syscalls
		314	IO::AIO::accept4 $r_fh, $sockaddr, $sockaddr_len, $flags
		315	IO::AIO::splice $r_fh, $r_off, $w_fh, $w_off, $length, $flags
		316	IO::AIO::tee $r_fh, $w_fh, $length, $flags
		317
		318	$actual_size = IO::AIO::pipesize $r_fh[, $new_size]
		319	($rfh, $wfh) = IO::AIO::pipe2 [$flags]
		320
		321	$fh = IO::AIO::eventfd [$initval, [$flags]]
		322	$fh = IO::AIO::memfd_create $pathname[, $flags]
		323
		324	$fh = IO::AIO::timerfd_create $clockid[, $flags]
		325	($cur_interval, $cur_value) = IO::AIO::timerfd_settime $fh, $flags, $new_interval, $nbw_value
		326	($cur_interval, $cur_value) = IO::AIO::timerfd_gettime $fh
		327
		328	$fh = IO::AIO::pidfd_open $pid[, $flags]
		329	$status = IO::AIO::pidfd_send_signal $pidfh, $signal[, $siginfo[, $flags]]
		330	$fh = IO::AIO::pidfd_getfd $pidfh, $targetfd[, $flags]
		331
		332	$retval = IO::AIO::mount $special, $path, $fstype, $flags = 0, $data = undef
		333	$retval = IO::AIO::umount $path, $flags = 0
286		334
287	=head2 API NOTES	335	=head2 API NOTES
288		336
289	All the C<aio_*> calls are more or less thin wrappers around the syscall	337	All the C<aio_*> calls are more or less thin wrappers around the syscall
290	with the same name (sans C<aio_>). The arguments are similar or identical,	338	with the same name (sans C<aio_>). The arguments are similar or identical,
…		…
365	=item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)	413	=item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)
366		414
367	Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly	415	Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly
368	created filehandle for the file (or C<undef> in case of an error).	416	created filehandle for the file (or C<undef> in case of an error).
369		417
370	The pathname passed to C<aio_open> must be absolute. See API NOTES, above,
371	for an explanation.
372
373	The C<$flags> argument is a bitmask. See the C<Fcntl> module for a	418	The C<$flags> argument is a bitmask. See the C<Fcntl> module for a
374	list. They are the same as used by C<sysopen>.	419	list. They are the same as used by C<sysopen>.
375		420
376	Likewise, C<$mode> specifies the mode of the newly created file, if it	421	Likewise, C<$mode> specifies the mode of the newly created file, if it
377	didn't exist and C<O_CREAT> has been given, just like perl's C<sysopen>,	422	didn't exist and C<O_CREAT> has been given, just like perl's C<sysopen>,
…		…
396	following POSIX and non-POSIX constants are available (missing ones on	441	following POSIX and non-POSIX constants are available (missing ones on
397	your system are, as usual, C<0>):	442	your system are, as usual, C<0>):
398		443
399	C<O_ASYNC>, C<O_DIRECT>, C<O_NOATIME>, C<O_CLOEXEC>, C<O_NOCTTY>, C<O_NOFOLLOW>,	444	C<O_ASYNC>, C<O_DIRECT>, C<O_NOATIME>, C<O_CLOEXEC>, C<O_NOCTTY>, C<O_NOFOLLOW>,
400	C<O_NONBLOCK>, C<O_EXEC>, C<O_SEARCH>, C<O_DIRECTORY>, C<O_DSYNC>,	445	C<O_NONBLOCK>, C<O_EXEC>, C<O_SEARCH>, C<O_DIRECTORY>, C<O_DSYNC>,
401	C<O_RSYNC>, C<O_SYNC>, C<O_PATH>, C<O_TMPFILE>, and C<O_TTY_INIT>.	446	C<O_RSYNC>, C<O_SYNC>, C<O_PATH>, C<O_TMPFILE>, C<O_TTY_INIT> and C<O_ACCMODE>.
402		447
403		448
404	=item aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)	449	=item aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)
405		450
406	Asynchronously close a file and call the callback with the result	451	Asynchronously close a file and call the callback with the result
…		…
441	=item aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)	486	=item aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
442		487
443	=item aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)	488	=item aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
444		489
445	Reads or writes C<$length> bytes from or to the specified C<$fh> and	490	Reads or writes C<$length> bytes from or to the specified C<$fh> and
446	C<$offset> into the scalar given by C<$data> and offset C<$dataoffset>	491	C<$offset> into the scalar given by C<$data> and offset C<$dataoffset> and
447	and calls the callback without the actual number of bytes read (or -1 on	492	calls the callback with the actual number of bytes transferred (or -1 on
448	error, just like the syscall).	493	error, just like the syscall).
449		494
450	C<aio_read> will, like C<sysread>, shrink or grow the C<$data> scalar to	495	C<aio_read> will, like C<sysread>, shrink or grow the C<$data> scalar to
451	offset plus the actual number of bytes read.	496	offset plus the actual number of bytes read.
452		497
…		…
532		577
533	=item aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)	578	=item aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)
534		579
535	=item aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)	580	=item aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)
536		581
537	Works like perl's C<stat> or C<lstat> in void context. The callback will	582	Works almost exactly like perl's C<stat> or C<lstat> in void context. The
538	be called after the stat and the results will be available using C<stat _>	583	callback will be called after the stat and the results will be available
539	or C<-s _> etc...	584	using C<stat _> or C<-s _> and other tests (with the exception of C<-B>
540		585	and C<-T>).
541	The pathname passed to C<aio_stat> must be absolute. See API NOTES, above,
542	for an explanation.
543		586
544	Currently, the stats are always 64-bit-stats, i.e. instead of returning an	587	Currently, the stats are always 64-bit-stats, i.e. instead of returning an
545	error when stat'ing a large file, the results will be silently truncated	588	error when stat'ing a large file, the results will be silently truncated
546	unless perl itself is compiled with large file support.	589	unless perl itself is compiled with large file support.
547		590
…		…
551	behaviour).	594	behaviour).
552		595
553	C<S_IFMT>, C<S_IFIFO>, C<S_IFCHR>, C<S_IFBLK>, C<S_IFLNK>, C<S_IFREG>,	596	C<S_IFMT>, C<S_IFIFO>, C<S_IFCHR>, C<S_IFBLK>, C<S_IFLNK>, C<S_IFREG>,
554	C<S_IFDIR>, C<S_IFWHT>, C<S_IFSOCK>, C<IO::AIO::major $dev_t>,	597	C<S_IFDIR>, C<S_IFWHT>, C<S_IFSOCK>, C<IO::AIO::major $dev_t>,
555	C<IO::AIO::minor $dev_t>, C<IO::AIO::makedev $major, $minor>.	598	C<IO::AIO::minor $dev_t>, C<IO::AIO::makedev $major, $minor>.
		599
		600	To access higher resolution stat timestamps, see L<SUBSECOND STAT TIME
		601	ACCESS>.
556		602
557	Example: Print the length of F</etc/passwd>:	603	Example: Print the length of F</etc/passwd>:
558		604
559	aio_stat "/etc/passwd", sub {	605	aio_stat "/etc/passwd", sub {
560	$_[0] and die "stat failed: $!";	606	$_[0] and die "stat failed: $!";
…		…
604	namemax => 255,	650	namemax => 255,
605	frsize => 1024,	651	frsize => 1024,
606	fsid => 1810	652	fsid => 1810
607	}	653	}
608		654
609	Here is a (likely partial - send me updates!) list of fsid values used by
610	Linux - it is safe to hardcode these when C<$^O> is C<linux>:
611
612	0x0000adf5 adfs
613	0x0000adff affs
614	0x5346414f afs
615	0x09041934 anon-inode filesystem
616	0x00000187 autofs
617	0x42465331 befs
618	0x1badface bfs
619	0x42494e4d binfmt_misc
620	0x9123683e btrfs
621	0x0027e0eb cgroupfs
622	0xff534d42 cifs
623	0x73757245 coda
624	0x012ff7b7 coh
625	0x28cd3d45 cramfs
626	0x453dcd28 cramfs-wend (wrong endianness)
627	0x64626720 debugfs
628	0x00001373 devfs
629	0x00001cd1 devpts
630	0x0000f15f ecryptfs
631	0x00414a53 efs
632	0x0000137d ext
633	0x0000ef53 ext2/ext3/ext4
634	0x0000ef51 ext2
635	0xf2f52010 f2fs
636	0x00004006 fat
637	0x65735546 fuseblk
638	0x65735543 fusectl
639	0x0bad1dea futexfs
640	0x01161970 gfs2
641	0x47504653 gpfs
642	0x00004244 hfs
643	0xf995e849 hpfs
644	0x00c0ffee hostfs
645	0x958458f6 hugetlbfs
646	0x2bad1dea inotifyfs
647	0x00009660 isofs
648	0x000072b6 jffs2
649	0x3153464a jfs
650	0x6b414653 k-afs
651	0x0bd00bd0 lustre
652	0x0000137f minix
653	0x0000138f minix 30 char names
654	0x00002468 minix v2
655	0x00002478 minix v2 30 char names
656	0x00004d5a minix v3
657	0x19800202 mqueue
658	0x00004d44 msdos
659	0x0000564c novell
660	0x00006969 nfs
661	0x6e667364 nfsd
662	0x00003434 nilfs
663	0x5346544e ntfs
664	0x00009fa1 openprom
665	0x7461636F ocfs2
666	0x00009fa0 proc
667	0x6165676c pstorefs
668	0x0000002f qnx4
669	0x68191122 qnx6
670	0x858458f6 ramfs
671	0x52654973 reiserfs
672	0x00007275 romfs
673	0x67596969 rpc_pipefs
674	0x73636673 securityfs
675	0xf97cff8c selinux
676	0x0000517b smb
677	0x534f434b sockfs
678	0x73717368 squashfs
679	0x62656572 sysfs
680	0x012ff7b6 sysv2
681	0x012ff7b5 sysv4
682	0x01021994 tmpfs
683	0x15013346 udf
684	0x00011954 ufs
685	0x54190100 ufs byteswapped
686	0x00009fa2 usbdevfs
687	0x01021997 v9fs
688	0xa501fcf5 vxfs
689	0xabba1974 xenfs
690	0x012ff7b4 xenix
691	0x58465342 xfs
692	0x012fd16d xia
693
694	=item aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)	655	=item aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)
695		656
696	Works like perl's C<utime> function (including the special case of $atime	657	Works like perl's C<utime> function (including the special case of $atime
697	and $mtime being undef). Fractional times are supported if the underlying	658	and $mtime being undef). Fractional times are supported if the underlying
698	syscalls support them.	659	syscalls support them.
699		660
700	When called with a pathname, uses utimes(2) if available, otherwise	661	When called with a pathname, uses utimensat(2) or utimes(2) if available,
701	utime(2). If called on a file descriptor, uses futimes(2) if available,	662	otherwise utime(2). If called on a file descriptor, uses futimens(2)
702	otherwise returns ENOSYS, so this is not portable.	663	or futimes(2) if available, otherwise returns ENOSYS, so this is not
		664	portable.
703		665
704	Examples:	666	Examples:
705		667
706	# set atime and mtime to current time (basically touch(1)):	668	# set atime and mtime to current time (basically touch(1)):
707	aio_utime "path", undef, undef;	669	aio_utime "path", undef, undef;
…		…
735	C<$mode> is usually C<0> or C<IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE> to allocate	697	C<$mode> is usually C<0> or C<IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE> to allocate
736	space, or C<IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE \| IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE>,	698	space, or C<IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE \| IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE>,
737	to deallocate a file range.	699	to deallocate a file range.
738		700
739	IO::AIO also supports C<FALLOC_FL_COLLAPSE_RANGE>, to remove a range	701	IO::AIO also supports C<FALLOC_FL_COLLAPSE_RANGE>, to remove a range
740	(without leaving a hole) and C<FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE>, to zero a range (see	702	(without leaving a hole), C<FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE>, to zero a range,
741	your L<fallocate(2)> manpage).	703	C<FALLOC_FL_INSERT_RANGE> to insert a range and C<FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE>
		704	to unshare shared blocks (see your L<fallocate(2)> manpage).
742		705
743	The file system block size used by C<fallocate> is presumably the	706	The file system block size used by C<fallocate> is presumably the
744	C<f_bsize> returned by C<statvfs>.	707	C<f_bsize> returned by C<statvfs>, but different filesystems and filetypes
		708	can dictate other limitations.
745		709
746	If C<fallocate> isn't available or cannot be emulated (currently no	710	If C<fallocate> isn't available or cannot be emulated (currently no
747	emulation will be attempted), passes C<-1> and sets C<$!> to C<ENOSYS>.	711	emulation will be attempted), passes C<-1> and sets C<$!> to C<ENOSYS>.
748		712
749		713
…		…
808	On systems that support the AIO::WD working directory abstraction	772	On systems that support the AIO::WD working directory abstraction
809	natively, the case C<[$wd, "."]> as C<$srcpath> is specialcased - instead	773	natively, the case C<[$wd, "."]> as C<$srcpath> is specialcased - instead
810	of failing, C<rename> is called on the absolute path of C<$wd>.	774	of failing, C<rename> is called on the absolute path of C<$wd>.
811		775
812		776
		777	=item aio_rename2 $srcpath, $dstpath, $flags, $callback->($status)
		778
		779	Basically a version of C<aio_rename> with an additional C<$flags>
		780	argument. Calling this with C<$flags=0> is the same as calling
		781	C<aio_rename>.
		782
		783	Non-zero flags are currently only supported on GNU/Linux systems that
		784	support renameat2. Other systems fail with C<ENOSYS> in this case.
		785
		786	The following constants are available (missing ones are, as usual C<0>),
		787	see renameat2(2) for details:
		788
		789	C<IO::AIO::RENAME_NOREPLACE>, C<IO::AIO::RENAME_EXCHANGE>
		790	and C<IO::AIO::RENAME_WHITEOUT>.
		791
		792
813	=item aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)	793	=item aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)
814		794
815	Asynchronously mkdir (create) a directory and call the callback with	795	Asynchronously mkdir (create) a directory and call the callback with
816	the result code. C<$mode> will be modified by the umask at the time the	796	the result code. C<$mode> will be modified by the umask at the time the
817	request is executed, so do not change your umask.	797	request is executed, so do not change your umask.
…		…
848		828
849	=over 4	829	=over 4
850		830
851	=item IO::AIO::READDIR_DENTS	831	=item IO::AIO::READDIR_DENTS
852		832
853	When this flag is off, then the callback gets an arrayref consisting of	833	Normally the callback gets an arrayref consisting of names only (as
854	names only (as with C<aio_readdir>), otherwise it gets an arrayref with	834	with C<aio_readdir>). If this flag is set, then the callback gets an
855	C<[$name, $type, $inode]> arrayrefs, each describing a single directory	835	arrayref with C<[$name, $type, $inode]> arrayrefs, each describing a
856	entry in more detail.	836	single directory entry in more detail:
857		837
858	C<$name> is the name of the entry.	838	C<$name> is the name of the entry.
859		839
860	C<$type> is one of the C<IO::AIO::DT_xxx> constants:	840	C<$type> is one of the C<IO::AIO::DT_xxx> constants:
861		841
862	C<IO::AIO::DT_UNKNOWN>, C<IO::AIO::DT_FIFO>, C<IO::AIO::DT_CHR>, C<IO::AIO::DT_DIR>,	842	C<IO::AIO::DT_UNKNOWN>, C<IO::AIO::DT_FIFO>, C<IO::AIO::DT_CHR>, C<IO::AIO::DT_DIR>,
863	C<IO::AIO::DT_BLK>, C<IO::AIO::DT_REG>, C<IO::AIO::DT_LNK>, C<IO::AIO::DT_SOCK>,	843	C<IO::AIO::DT_BLK>, C<IO::AIO::DT_REG>, C<IO::AIO::DT_LNK>, C<IO::AIO::DT_SOCK>,
864	C<IO::AIO::DT_WHT>.	844	C<IO::AIO::DT_WHT>.
865		845
866	C<IO::AIO::DT_UNKNOWN> means just that: readdir does not know. If you need to	846	C<IO::AIO::DT_UNKNOWN> means just that: readdir does not know. If you need
867	know, you have to run stat yourself. Also, for speed reasons, the C<$type>	847	to know, you have to run stat yourself. Also, for speed/memory reasons,
868	scalars are read-only: you can not modify them.	848	the C<$type> scalars are read-only: you must not modify them.
869		849
870	C<$inode> is the inode number (which might not be exact on systems with 64	850	C<$inode> is the inode number (which might not be exact on systems with 64
871	bit inode numbers and 32 bit perls). This field has unspecified content on	851	bit inode numbers and 32 bit perls). This field has unspecified content on
872	systems that do not deliver the inode information.	852	systems that do not deliver the inode information.
873		853
…		…
884	short names are tried first.	864	short names are tried first.
885		865
886	=item IO::AIO::READDIR_STAT_ORDER	866	=item IO::AIO::READDIR_STAT_ORDER
887		867
888	When this flag is set, then the names will be returned in an order	868	When this flag is set, then the names will be returned in an order
889	suitable for stat()'ing each one. That is, when you plan to stat()	869	suitable for stat()'ing each one. That is, when you plan to stat() most or
890	all files in the given directory, then the returned order will likely	870	all files in the given directory, then the returned order will likely be
891	be fastest.	871	faster.
892		872
893	If both this flag and C<IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST> are specified, then	873	If both this flag and C<IO::AIO::READDIR_DIRS_FIRST> are specified,
894	the likely dirs come first, resulting in a less optimal stat order.	874	then the likely dirs come first, resulting in a less optimal stat order
		875	for stat'ing all entries, but likely a more optimal order for finding
		876	subdirectories.
895		877
896	=item IO::AIO::READDIR_FOUND_UNKNOWN	878	=item IO::AIO::READDIR_FOUND_UNKNOWN
897		879
898	This flag should not be set when calling C<aio_readdirx>. Instead, it	880	This flag should not be set when calling C<aio_readdirx>. Instead, it
899	is being set by C<aio_readdirx>, when any of the C<$type>'s found were	881	is being set by C<aio_readdirx>, when any of the C<$type>'s found were
…		…
901	C<$type>'s are known, which can be used to speed up some algorithms.	883	C<$type>'s are known, which can be used to speed up some algorithms.
902		884
903	=back	885	=back
904		886
905		887
		888	=item aio_slurp $pathname, $offset, $length, $data, $callback->($status)
		889
		890	Opens, reads and closes the given file. The data is put into C<$data>,
		891	which is resized as required.
		892
		893	If C<$offset> is negative, then it is counted from the end of the file.
		894
		895	If C<$length> is zero, then the remaining length of the file is
		896	used. Also, in this case, the same limitations to modifying C<$data> apply
		897	as when IO::AIO::mmap is used, i.e. it must only be modified in-place
		898	with C<substr>. If the size of the file is known, specifying a non-zero
		899	C<$length> results in a performance advantage.
		900
		901	This request is similar to the older C<aio_load> request, but since it is
		902	a single request, it might be more efficient to use.
		903
		904	Example: load F</etc/passwd> into C<$passwd>.
		905
		906	my $passwd;
		907	aio_slurp "/etc/passwd", 0, 0, $passwd, sub {
		908	$_[0] >= 0
		909	or die "/etc/passwd: $!\n";
		910
		911	printf "/etc/passwd is %d bytes long, and contains:\n", length $passwd;
		912	print $passwd;
		913	};
		914	IO::AIO::flush;
		915
		916
906	=item aio_load $pathname, $data, $callback->($status)	917	=item aio_load $pathname, $data, $callback->($status)
907		918
908	This is a composite request that tries to fully load the given file into	919	This is a composite request that tries to fully load the given file into
909	memory. Status is the same as with aio_read.	920	memory. Status is the same as with aio_read.
		921
		922	Using C<aio_slurp> might be more efficient, as it is a single request.
910		923
911	=cut	924	=cut
912		925
913	sub aio_load($$;$) {	926	sub aio_load($$;$) {
914	my ($path, undef, $cb) = @_;	927	my ($path, undef, $cb) = @_;
…		…
935		948
936	Try to copy the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or	949	Try to copy the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or
937	destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with	950	destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with
938	a status of C<0> (ok) or C<-1> (error, see C<$!>).	951	a status of C<0> (ok) or C<-1> (error, see C<$!>).
939		952
		953	Existing destination files will be truncated.
		954
940	This is a composite request that creates the destination file with	955	This is a composite request that creates the destination file with
941	mode 0200 and copies the contents of the source file into it using	956	mode 0200 and copies the contents of the source file into it using
942	C<aio_sendfile>, followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and	957	C<aio_sendfile>, followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and
943	uid/gid, in that order.	958	uid/gid, in that order.
944		959
…		…
960	my @stat = stat $src_fh; # hmm, might block over nfs?	975	my @stat = stat $src_fh; # hmm, might block over nfs?
961		976
962	aioreq_pri $pri;	977	aioreq_pri $pri;
963	add $grp aio_open $dst, O_CREAT \| O_WRONLY \| O_TRUNC, 0200, sub {	978	add $grp aio_open $dst, O_CREAT \| O_WRONLY \| O_TRUNC, 0200, sub {
964	if (my $dst_fh = $_[0]) {	979	if (my $dst_fh = $_[0]) {
		980
		981	# best-effort preallocate
		982	aioreq_pri $pri;
		983	add $grp aio_allocate $dst_fh, IO::AIO::FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, 0, $stat[7], sub { };
		984
965	aioreq_pri $pri;	985	aioreq_pri $pri;
966	add $grp aio_sendfile $dst_fh, $src_fh, 0, $stat[7], sub {	986	add $grp aio_sendfile $dst_fh, $src_fh, 0, $stat[7], sub {
967	if ($_[0] == $stat[7]) {	987	if ($_[0] == $stat[7]) {
968	$grp->result (0);	988	$grp->result (0);
969	close $src_fh;	989	close $src_fh;
…		…
1053	Scans a directory (similar to C<aio_readdir>) but additionally tries to	1073	Scans a directory (similar to C<aio_readdir>) but additionally tries to
1054	efficiently separate the entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of	1074	efficiently separate the entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of
1055	names, directories you can recurse into (directories), and ones you cannot	1075	names, directories you can recurse into (directories), and ones you cannot
1056	recurse into (everything else, including symlinks to directories).	1076	recurse into (everything else, including symlinks to directories).
1057		1077
1058	C<aio_scandir> is a composite request that creates of many sub requests_	1078	C<aio_scandir> is a composite request that generates many sub requests.
1059	C<$maxreq> specifies the maximum number of outstanding aio requests that	1079	C<$maxreq> specifies the maximum number of outstanding aio requests that
1060	this function generates. If it is C<< <= 0 >>, then a suitable default	1080	this function generates. If it is C<< <= 0 >>, then a suitable default
1061	will be chosen (currently 4).	1081	will be chosen (currently 4).
1062		1082
1063	On error, the callback is called without arguments, otherwise it receives	1083	On error, the callback is called without arguments, otherwise it receives
…		…
1127	aioreq_pri $pri;	1147	aioreq_pri $pri;
1128	add $grp aio_stat $wd, sub {	1148	add $grp aio_stat $wd, sub {
1129	return $grp->result () if $_[0];	1149	return $grp->result () if $_[0];
1130	my $now = time;	1150	my $now = time;
1131	my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];	1151	my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
		1152	my $rdxflags = READDIR_DIRS_FIRST;
		1153
		1154	if ((stat _)[3] < 2) {
		1155	# at least one non-POSIX filesystem exists
		1156	# that returns useful DT_type values: btrfs,
		1157	# so optimise for this here by requesting dents
		1158	$rdxflags \|= READDIR_DENTS;
		1159	}
1132		1160
1133	# read the directory entries	1161	# read the directory entries
1134	aioreq_pri $pri;	1162	aioreq_pri $pri;
1135	add $grp aio_readdirx $wd, READDIR_DIRS_FIRST, sub {	1163	add $grp aio_readdirx $wd, $rdxflags, sub {
1136	my $entries = shift	1164	my ($entries, $flags) = @_
1137	or return $grp->result ();	1165	or return $grp->result ();
		1166
		1167	if ($rdxflags & READDIR_DENTS) {
		1168	# if we requested type values, see if we can use them directly.
		1169
		1170	# if there were any DT_UNKNOWN entries then we assume we
		1171	# don't know. alternatively, we could assume that if we get
		1172	# one DT_DIR, then all directories are indeed marked with
		1173	# DT_DIR, but this seems not required for btrfs, and this
		1174	# is basically the "btrfs can't get it's act together" code
		1175	# branch.
		1176	unless ($flags & READDIR_FOUND_UNKNOWN) {
		1177	# now we have valid DT_ information for all entries,
		1178	# so use it as an optimisation without further stat's.
		1179	# they must also all be at the beginning of @$entries
		1180	# by now.
		1181
		1182	my $dirs;
		1183
		1184	if (@$entries) {
		1185	for (0 .. $#$entries) {
		1186	if ($entries->[$_][1] != DT_DIR) {
		1187	# splice out directories
		1188	$dirs = [splice @$entries, 0, $_];
		1189	last;
		1190	}
		1191	}
		1192
		1193	# if we didn't find any non-dir, then all entries are dirs
		1194	unless ($dirs) {
		1195	($dirs, $entries) = ($entries, []);
		1196	}
		1197	} else {
		1198	# directory is empty, so there are no sbdirs
		1199	$dirs = [];
		1200	}
		1201
		1202	# either splice'd the directories out or the dir was empty.
		1203	# convert dents to filenames
		1204	$_ = $_->[0] for @$dirs;
		1205	$_ = $_->[0] for @$entries;
		1206
		1207	return $grp->result ($dirs, $entries);
		1208	}
		1209
		1210	# cannot use, so return to our old ways
		1211	# by pretending we only scanned for names.
		1212	$_ = $_->[0] for @$entries;
		1213	}
1138		1214
1139	# stat the dir another time	1215	# stat the dir another time
1140	aioreq_pri $pri;	1216	aioreq_pri $pri;
1141	add $grp aio_stat $wd, sub {	1217	add $grp aio_stat $wd, sub {
1142	my $hash2 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];	1218	my $hash2 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
…		…
1248	So in general, you should only use these calls for things that do	1324	So in general, you should only use these calls for things that do
1249	(filesystem) I/O, not for things that wait for other events (network,	1325	(filesystem) I/O, not for things that wait for other events (network,
1250	other processes), although if you are careful and know what you are doing,	1326	other processes), although if you are careful and know what you are doing,
1251	you still can.	1327	you still can.
1252		1328
		1329	The following constants are available and can be used for normal C<ioctl>
		1330	and C<fcntl> as well (missing ones are, as usual C<0>):
		1331
		1332	C<F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC>,
		1333
		1334	C<F_OFD_GETLK>, C<F_OFD_SETLK>, C<F_OFD_GETLKW>,
		1335
		1336	C<FIFREEZE>, C<FITHAW>, C<FITRIM>, C<FICLONE>, C<FICLONERANGE>, C<FIDEDUPERANGE>.
		1337
		1338	C<F_ADD_SEALS>, C<F_GET_SEALS>, C<F_SEAL_SEAL>, C<F_SEAL_SHRINK>, C<F_SEAL_GROW> and
		1339	C<F_SEAL_WRITE>.
		1340
		1341	C<FS_IOC_GETFLAGS>, C<FS_IOC_SETFLAGS>, C<FS_IOC_GETVERSION>, C<FS_IOC_SETVERSION>,
		1342	C<FS_IOC_FIEMAP>.
		1343
		1344	C<FS_IOC_FSGETXATTR>, C<FS_IOC_FSSETXATTR>, C<FS_IOC_SET_ENCRYPTION_POLICY>,
		1345	C<FS_IOC_GET_ENCRYPTION_PWSALT>, C<FS_IOC_GET_ENCRYPTION_POLICY>, C<FS_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE>.
		1346
		1347	C<FS_SECRM_FL>, C<FS_UNRM_FL>, C<FS_COMPR_FL>, C<FS_SYNC_FL>, C<FS_IMMUTABLE_FL>,
		1348	C<FS_APPEND_FL>, C<FS_NODUMP_FL>, C<FS_NOATIME_FL>, C<FS_DIRTY_FL>,
		1349	C<FS_COMPRBLK_FL>, C<FS_NOCOMP_FL>, C<FS_ENCRYPT_FL>, C<FS_BTREE_FL>,
		1350	C<FS_INDEX_FL>, C<FS_JOURNAL_DATA_FL>, C<FS_NOTAIL_FL>, C<FS_DIRSYNC_FL>, C<FS_TOPDIR_FL>,
		1351	C<FS_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE>.
		1352
		1353	C<FS_XFLAG_REALTIME>, C<FS_XFLAG_PREALLOC>, C<FS_XFLAG_IMMUTABLE>, C<FS_XFLAG_APPEND>,
		1354	C<FS_XFLAG_SYNC>, C<FS_XFLAG_NOATIME>, C<FS_XFLAG_NODUMP>, C<FS_XFLAG_RTINHERIT>,
		1355	C<FS_XFLAG_PROJINHERIT>, C<FS_XFLAG_NOSYMLINKS>, C<FS_XFLAG_EXTSIZE>, C<FS_XFLAG_EXTSZINHERIT>,
		1356	C<FS_XFLAG_NODEFRAG>, C<FS_XFLAG_FILESTREAM>, C<FS_XFLAG_DAX>, C<FS_XFLAG_HASATTR>,
		1357
		1358	C<BLKROSET>, C<BLKROGET>, C<BLKRRPART>, C<BLKGETSIZE>, C<BLKFLSBUF>, C<BLKRASET>,
		1359	C<BLKRAGET>, C<BLKFRASET>, C<BLKFRAGET>, C<BLKSECTSET>, C<BLKSECTGET>, C<BLKSSZGET>,
		1360	C<BLKBSZGET>, C<BLKBSZSET>, C<BLKGETSIZE64>,
		1361
		1362
1253	=item aio_sync $callback->($status)	1363	=item aio_sync $callback->($status)
1254		1364
1255	Asynchronously call sync and call the callback when finished.	1365	Asynchronously call sync and call the callback when finished.
1256		1366
1257	=item aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)	1367	=item aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)
…		…
1325	};	1435	};
1326		1436
1327	$grp	1437	$grp
1328	}	1438	}
1329		1439
1330	=item aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)	1440	=item aio_msync $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = MS_SYNC, $callback->($status)
1331		1441
1332	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which only works on mmap(2)ed	1442	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which only works on mmap(2)ed
1333	scalars (see the C<IO::AIO::mmap> function, although it also works on data	1443	scalars (see the C<IO::AIO::mmap> function, although it also works on data
1334	scalars managed by the L<Sys::Mmap> or L<Mmap> modules, note that the	1444	scalars managed by the L<Sys::Mmap> or L<Mmap> modules, note that the
1335	scalar must only be modified in-place while an aio operation is pending on	1445	scalar must only be modified in-place while an aio operation is pending on
…		…
1337		1447
1338	It calls the C<msync> function of your OS, if available, with the memory	1448	It calls the C<msync> function of your OS, if available, with the memory
1339	area starting at C<$offset> in the string and ending C<$length> bytes	1449	area starting at C<$offset> in the string and ending C<$length> bytes
1340	later. If C<$length> is negative, counts from the end, and if C<$length>	1450	later. If C<$length> is negative, counts from the end, and if C<$length>
1341	is C<undef>, then it goes till the end of the string. The flags can be	1451	is C<undef>, then it goes till the end of the string. The flags can be
1342	a combination of C<IO::AIO::MS_ASYNC>, C<IO::AIO::MS_INVALIDATE> and	1452	either C<IO::AIO::MS_ASYNC> or C<IO::AIO::MS_SYNC>, plus an optional
1343	C<IO::AIO::MS_SYNC>.	1453	C<IO::AIO::MS_INVALIDATE>.
1344		1454
1345	=item aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)	1455	=item aio_mtouch $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef, flags = 0, $callback->($status)
1346		1456
1347	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which works best on mmap(2)ed	1457	This is a rather advanced IO::AIO call, which works best on mmap(2)ed
1348	scalars.	1458	scalars.
…		…
1378	IO::AIO::mmap $data, -s $fh, IO::AIO::PROT_READ, IO::AIO::MAP_SHARED, $fh;	1488	IO::AIO::mmap $data, -s $fh, IO::AIO::PROT_READ, IO::AIO::MAP_SHARED, $fh;
1379	aio_mlock $data; # mlock in background	1489	aio_mlock $data; # mlock in background
1380		1490
1381	=item aio_mlockall $flags, $callback->($status)	1491	=item aio_mlockall $flags, $callback->($status)
1382		1492
1383	Calls the C<mlockall> function with the given C<$flags> (a combination of	1493	Calls the C<mlockall> function with the given C<$flags> (a
1384	C<IO::AIO::MCL_CURRENT> and C<IO::AIO::MCL_FUTURE>).	1494	combination of C<IO::AIO::MCL_CURRENT>, C<IO::AIO::MCL_FUTURE> and
		1495	C<IO::AIO::MCL_ONFAULT>).
1385		1496
1386	On systems that do not implement C<mlockall>, this function returns C<-1>	1497	On systems that do not implement C<mlockall>, this function returns C<-1>
1387	and sets errno to C<ENOSYS>.	1498	and sets errno to C<ENOSYS>. Similarly, flag combinations not supported
		1499	by the system result in a return value of C<-1> with errno being set to
		1500	C<EINVAL>.
1388		1501
1389	Note that the corresponding C<munlockall> is synchronous and is	1502	Note that the corresponding C<munlockall> is synchronous and is
1390	documented under L<MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS>.	1503	documented under L<MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS>.
1391		1504
1392	Example: asynchronously lock all current and future pages into memory.	1505	Example: asynchronously lock all current and future pages into memory.
…		…
1431	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_ENCRYPTED>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_NOT_ALIGNED>,	1544	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_ENCRYPTED>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_NOT_ALIGNED>,
1432	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_TAIL>,	1545	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_TAIL>,
1433	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNWRITTEN>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED> or	1546	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_UNWRITTEN>, C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED> or
1434	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_SHARED>.	1547	C<IO::AIO::FIEMAP_EXTENT_SHARED>.
1435		1548
1436	At the time of this writing (Linux 3.2), this requets is unreliable unless	1549	At the time of this writing (Linux 3.2), this request is unreliable unless
1437	C<$count> is C<undef>, as the kernel has all sorts of bugs preventing	1550	C<$count> is C<undef>, as the kernel has all sorts of bugs preventing
1438	it to return all extents of a range for files with large number of	1551	it to return all extents of a range for files with a large number of
1439	extents. The code works around all these issues if C<$count> is undef.	1552	extents. The code (only) works around all these issues if C<$count> is
		1553	C<undef>.
1440		1554
1441	=item aio_group $callback->(...)	1555	=item aio_group $callback->(...)
1442		1556
1443	This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a	1557	This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a
1444	container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle	1558	container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle
…		…
1557	There are some caveats: when directories get renamed (or deleted), the	1671	There are some caveats: when directories get renamed (or deleted), the
1558	pathname string doesn't change, so will point to the new directory (or	1672	pathname string doesn't change, so will point to the new directory (or
1559	nowhere at all), while the directory fd, if available on the system,	1673	nowhere at all), while the directory fd, if available on the system,
1560	will still point to the original directory. Most functions accepting a	1674	will still point to the original directory. Most functions accepting a
1561	pathname will use the directory fd on newer systems, and the string on	1675	pathname will use the directory fd on newer systems, and the string on
1562	older systems. Some functions (such as realpath) will always rely on the	1676	older systems. Some functions (such as C<aio_realpath>) will always rely on
1563	string form of the pathname.	1677	the string form of the pathname.
1564		1678
1565	So this functionality is mainly useful to get some protection against	1679	So this functionality is mainly useful to get some protection against
1566	C<chdir>, to easily get an absolute path out of a relative path for future	1680	C<chdir>, to easily get an absolute path out of a relative path for future
1567	reference, and to speed up doing many operations in the same directory	1681	reference, and to speed up doing many operations in the same directory
1568	(e.g. when stat'ing all files in a directory).	1682	(e.g. when stat'ing all files in a directory).
…		…
1585	C<aio_wd> callback, as future requests using the value will fail in the	1699	C<aio_wd> callback, as future requests using the value will fail in the
1586	expected way.	1700	expected way.
1587		1701
1588	=item IO::AIO::CWD	1702	=item IO::AIO::CWD
1589		1703
1590	This is a compiletime constant (object) that represents the process	1704	This is a compile time constant (object) that represents the process
1591	current working directory.	1705	current working directory.
1592		1706
1593	Specifying this object as working directory object for a pathname is as if	1707	Specifying this object as working directory object for a pathname is as if
1594	the pathname would be specified directly, without a directory object. For	1708	the pathname would be specified directly, without a directory object. For
1595	example, these calls are functionally identical:	1709	example, these calls are functionally identical:
…		…
1776	The default value for the limit is C<0>, but note that setting a feeder	1890	The default value for the limit is C<0>, but note that setting a feeder
1777	automatically bumps it up to C<2>.	1891	automatically bumps it up to C<2>.
1778		1892
1779	=back	1893	=back
1780		1894
		1895
1781	=head2 SUPPORT FUNCTIONS	1896	=head2 SUPPORT FUNCTIONS
1782		1897
1783	=head3 EVENT PROCESSING AND EVENT LOOP INTEGRATION	1898	=head3 EVENT PROCESSING AND EVENT LOOP INTEGRATION
1784		1899
1785	=over 4	1900	=over 4
…		…
1850	Strictly equivalent to:	1965	Strictly equivalent to:
1851		1966
1852	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb	1967	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
1853	while IO::AIO::nreqs;	1968	while IO::AIO::nreqs;
1854		1969
		1970	This function can be useful at program aborts, to make sure outstanding
		1971	I/O has been done (C<IO::AIO> uses an C<END> block which already calls
		1972	this function on normal exits), or when you are merely using C<IO::AIO>
		1973	for its more advanced functions, rather than for async I/O, e.g.:
		1974
		1975	my ($dirs, $nondirs);
		1976	IO::AIO::aio_scandir "/tmp", 0, sub { ($dirs, $nondirs) = @_ };
		1977	IO::AIO::flush;
		1978	# $dirs, $nondirs are now set
		1979
1855	=item IO::AIO::max_poll_reqs $nreqs	1980	=item IO::AIO::max_poll_reqs $nreqs
1856		1981
1857	=item IO::AIO::max_poll_time $seconds	1982	=item IO::AIO::max_poll_time $seconds
1858		1983
1859	These set the maximum number of requests (default C<0>, meaning infinity)	1984	These set the maximum number of requests (default C<0>, meaning infinity)
…		…
1885	poll => 'r', nice => 1,	2010	poll => 'r', nice => 1,
1886	cb => &IO::AIO::poll_cb);	2011	cb => &IO::AIO::poll_cb);
1887		2012
1888	=back	2013	=back
1889		2014
		2015
1890	=head3 CONTROLLING THE NUMBER OF THREADS	2016	=head3 CONTROLLING THE NUMBER OF THREADS
1891		2017
1892	=over	2018	=over
1893		2019
1894	=item IO::AIO::min_parallel $nthreads	2020	=item IO::AIO::min_parallel $nthreads
…		…
1955	longer exceeded.	2081	longer exceeded.
1956		2082
1957	In other words, this setting does not enforce a queue limit, but can be	2083	In other words, this setting does not enforce a queue limit, but can be
1958	used to make poll functions block if the limit is exceeded.	2084	used to make poll functions block if the limit is exceeded.
1959		2085
1960	This is a very bad function to use in interactive programs because it	2086	This is a bad function to use in interactive programs because it blocks,
1961	blocks, and a bad way to reduce concurrency because it is inexact: Better	2087	and a bad way to reduce concurrency because it is inexact. If you need to
		2088	issue many requests without being able to call a poll function on demand,
1962	use an C<aio_group> together with a feed callback.	2089	it is better to use an C<aio_group> together with a feed callback.
1963		2090
1964	Its main use is in scripts without an event loop - when you want to stat	2091	Its main use is in scripts without an event loop - when you want to stat a
1965	a lot of files, you can write somehting like this:	2092	lot of files, you can write something like this:
1966		2093
1967	IO::AIO::max_outstanding 32;	2094	IO::AIO::max_outstanding 32;
1968		2095
1969	for my $path (...) {	2096	for my $path (...) {
1970	aio_stat $path , ...;	2097	aio_stat $path , ...;
1971	IO::AIO::poll_cb;	2098	IO::AIO::poll_cb;
1972	}	2099	}
1973		2100
1974	IO::AIO::flush;	2101	IO::AIO::flush;
1975		2102
1976	The call to C<poll_cb> inside the loop will normally return instantly, but	2103	The call to C<poll_cb> inside the loop will normally return instantly,
1977	as soon as more thna C<32> reqeusts are in-flight, it will block until	2104	allowing the loop to progress, but as soon as more than C<32> requests
1978	some requests have been handled. This keeps the loop from pushing a large	2105	are in-flight, it will block until some requests have been handled. This
1979	number of C<aio_stat> requests onto the queue.	2106	keeps the loop from pushing a large number of C<aio_stat> requests onto
		2107	the queue (which, with many paths to stat, can use up a lot of memory).
1980		2108
1981	The default value for C<max_outstanding> is very large, so there is no	2109	The default value for C<max_outstanding> is very large, so there is no
1982	practical limit on the number of outstanding requests.	2110	practical limit on the number of outstanding requests.
1983		2111
1984	=back	2112	=back
1985		2113
		2114
1986	=head3 STATISTICAL INFORMATION	2115	=head3 STATISTICAL INFORMATION
1987		2116
1988	=over	2117	=over
1989		2118
1990	=item IO::AIO::nreqs	2119	=item IO::AIO::nreqs
…		…
2006		2135
2007	Returns the number of requests currently in the pending state (executed,	2136	Returns the number of requests currently in the pending state (executed,
2008	but not yet processed by poll_cb).	2137	but not yet processed by poll_cb).
2009		2138
2010	=back	2139	=back
		2140
		2141
		2142	=head3 SUBSECOND STAT TIME ACCESS
		2143
		2144	Both C<aio_stat>/C<aio_lstat> and perl's C<stat>/C<lstat> functions can
		2145	generally find access/modification and change times with subsecond time
		2146	accuracy of the system supports it, but perl's built-in functions only
		2147	return the integer part.
		2148
		2149	The following functions return the timestamps of the most recent
		2150	stat with subsecond precision on most systems and work both after
		2151	C<aio_stat>/C<aio_lstat> and perl's C<stat>/C<lstat> calls. Their return
		2152	value is only meaningful after a successful C<stat>/C<lstat> call, or
		2153	during/after a successful C<aio_stat>/C<aio_lstat> callback.
		2154
		2155	This is similar to the L<Time::HiRes> C<stat> functions, but can return
		2156	full resolution without rounding and work with standard perl C<stat>,
		2157	alleviating the need to call the special C<Time::HiRes> functions, which
		2158	do not act like their perl counterparts.
		2159
		2160	On operating systems or file systems where subsecond time resolution is
		2161	not supported or could not be detected, a fractional part of C<0> is
		2162	returned, so it is always safe to call these functions.
		2163
		2164	=over 4
		2165
		2166	=item $seconds = IO::AIO::st_atime, IO::AIO::st_mtime, IO::AIO::st_ctime, IO::AIO::st_btime
		2167
		2168	Return the access, modication, change or birth time, respectively,
		2169	including fractional part. Due to the limited precision of floating point,
		2170	the accuracy on most platforms is only a bit better than milliseconds
		2171	for times around now - see the I<nsec> function family, below, for full
		2172	accuracy.
		2173
		2174	File birth time is only available when the OS and perl support it (on
		2175	FreeBSD and NetBSD at the time of this writing, although support is
		2176	adaptive, so if your OS/perl gains support, IO::AIO can take advantage of
		2177	it). On systems where it isn't available, C<0> is currently returned, but
		2178	this might change to C<undef> in a future version.
		2179
		2180	=item ($atime, $mtime, $ctime, $btime, ...) = IO::AIO::st_xtime
		2181
		2182	Returns access, modification, change and birth time all in one go, and
		2183	maybe more times in the future version.
		2184
		2185	=item $nanoseconds = IO::AIO::st_atimensec, IO::AIO::st_mtimensec, IO::AIO::st_ctimensec, IO::AIO::st_btimensec
		2186
		2187	Return the fractional access, modifcation, change or birth time, in nanoseconds,
		2188	as an integer in the range C<0> to C<999999999>.
		2189
		2190	Note that no accessors are provided for access, modification and
		2191	change times - you need to get those from C<stat _> if required (C<int
		2192	IO::AIO::st_atime> and so on will I<not> generally give you the correct
		2193	value).
		2194
		2195	=item $seconds = IO::AIO::st_btimesec
		2196
		2197	The (integral) seconds part of the file birth time, if available.
		2198
		2199	=item ($atime, $mtime, $ctime, $btime, ...) = IO::AIO::st_xtimensec
		2200
		2201	Like the functions above, but returns all four times in one go (and maybe
		2202	more in future versions).
		2203
		2204	=item $counter = IO::AIO::st_gen
		2205
		2206	Returns the generation counter (in practice this is just a random number)
		2207	of the file. This is only available on platforms which have this member in
		2208	their C<struct stat> (most BSDs at the time of this writing) and generally
		2209	only to the root usert. If unsupported, C<0> is returned, but this might
		2210	change to C<undef> in a future version.
		2211
		2212	=back
		2213
		2214	Example: print the high resolution modification time of F</etc>, using
		2215	C<stat>, and C<IO::AIO::aio_stat>.
		2216
		2217	if (stat "/etc") {
		2218	printf "stat(/etc) mtime: %f\n", IO::AIO::st_mtime;
		2219	}
		2220
		2221	IO::AIO::aio_stat "/etc", sub {
		2222	$_[0]
		2223	and return;
		2224
		2225	printf "aio_stat(/etc) mtime: %d.%09d\n", (stat _)[9], IO::AIO::st_mtimensec;
		2226	};
		2227
		2228	IO::AIO::flush;
		2229
		2230	Output of the awbove on my system, showing reduced and full accuracy:
		2231
		2232	stat(/etc) mtime: 1534043702.020808
		2233	aio_stat(/etc) mtime: 1534043702.020807792
		2234
2011		2235
2012	=head3 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS	2236	=head3 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS
2013		2237
2014	IO::AIO implements some functions that are useful when you want to use	2238	IO::AIO implements some functions that are useful when you want to use
2015	some "Advanced I/O" function not available to in Perl, without going the	2239	some "Advanced I/O" function not available to in Perl, without going the
2016	"Asynchronous I/O" route. Many of these have an asynchronous C<aio_*>	2240	"Asynchronous I/O" route. Many of these have an asynchronous C<aio_*>
2017	counterpart.	2241	counterpart.
2018		2242
2019	=over 4	2243	=over 4
		2244
		2245	=item $retval = IO::AIO::fexecve $fh, $argv, $envp
		2246
		2247	A more-or-less direct equivalent to the POSIX C<fexecve> functions, which
		2248	allows you to specify the program to be executed via a file descriptor (or
		2249	handle). Returns C<-1> and sets errno to C<ENOSYS> if not available.
		2250
		2251	=item $retval = IO::AIO::mount $special, $path, $fstype, $flags = 0, $data = undef
		2252
		2253	Calls the GNU/Linux mount syscall with the given arguments. All except
		2254	C<$flags> are strings, and if C<$data> is C<undef>, a C<NULL> will be
		2255	passed.
		2256
		2257	The following values for C<$flags> are available:
		2258
		2259	C<IO::AIO::MS_RDONLY>, C<IO::AIO::MS_NOSUID>, C<IO::AIO::MS_NODEV>, C<IO::AIO::MS_NOEXEC>, C<IO::AIO::MS_SYNCHRONOUS>,
		2260	C<IO::AIO::MS_REMOUNT>, C<IO::AIO::MS_MANDLOCK>, C<IO::AIO::MS_DIRSYNC>, C<IO::AIO::MS_NOATIME>,
		2261	C<IO::AIO::MS_NODIRATIME>, C<IO::AIO::MS_BIND>, C<IO::AIO::MS_MOVE>, C<IO::AIO::MS_REC>, C<IO::AIO::MS_SILENT>,
		2262	C<IO::AIO::MS_POSIXACL>, C<IO::AIO::MS_UNBINDABLE>, C<IO::AIO::MS_PRIVATE>, C<IO::AIO::MS_SLAVE>, C<IO::AIO::MS_SHARED>,
		2263	C<IO::AIO::MS_RELATIME>, C<IO::AIO::MS_KERNMOUNT>, C<IO::AIO::MS_I_VERSION>, C<IO::AIO::MS_STRICTATIME>,
		2264	C<IO::AIO::MS_LAZYTIME>, C<IO::AIO::MS_ACTIVE>, C<IO::AIO::MS_NOUSER>, C<IO::AIO::MS_RMT_MASK>, C<IO::AIO::MS_MGC_VAL> and
		2265	C<IO::AIO::MS_MGC_MSK>.
		2266
		2267	=item $retval = IO::AIO::umount $path, $flags = 0
		2268
		2269	Invokes the GNU/Linux C<umount> or C<umount2> syscalls. Always calls
		2270	C<umount> if C<$flags> is C<0>, otherwqise always tries to call
		2271	C<umount2>.
		2272
		2273	The following C<$flags> are available:
		2274
		2275	C<IO::AIO::MNT_FORCE>, C<IO::AIO::MNT_DETACH>, C<IO::AIO::MNT_EXPIRE> and C<IO::AIO::UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW>.
		2276
		2277	=item $numfd = IO::AIO::get_fdlimit
		2278
		2279	Tries to find the current file descriptor limit and returns it, or
		2280	C<undef> and sets C<$!> in case of an error. The limit is one larger than
		2281	the highest valid file descriptor number.
		2282
		2283	=item IO::AIO::min_fdlimit [$numfd]
		2284
		2285	Try to increase the current file descriptor limit(s) to at least C<$numfd>
		2286	by changing the soft or hard file descriptor resource limit. If C<$numfd>
		2287	is missing, it will try to set a very high limit, although this is not
		2288	recommended when you know the actual minimum that you require.
		2289
		2290	If the limit cannot be raised enough, the function makes a best-effort
		2291	attempt to increase the limit as much as possible, using various
		2292	tricks, while still failing. You can query the resulting limit using
		2293	C<IO::AIO::get_fdlimit>.
		2294
		2295	If an error occurs, returns C<undef> and sets C<$!>, otherwise returns
		2296	true.
2020		2297
2021	=item IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count	2298	=item IO::AIO::sendfile $ofh, $ifh, $offset, $count
2022		2299
2023	Calls the C<eio_sendfile_sync> function, which is like C<aio_sendfile>,	2300	Calls the C<eio_sendfile_sync> function, which is like C<aio_sendfile>,
2024	but is blocking (this makes most sense if you know the input data is	2301	but is blocking (this makes most sense if you know the input data is
…		…
2041	=item IO::AIO::madvise $scalar, $offset, $len, $advice	2318	=item IO::AIO::madvise $scalar, $offset, $len, $advice
2042		2319
2043	Simply calls the C<posix_madvise> function (see its	2320	Simply calls the C<posix_madvise> function (see its
2044	manpage for details). The following advice constants are	2321	manpage for details). The following advice constants are
2045	available: C<IO::AIO::MADV_NORMAL>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_SEQUENTIAL>,	2322	available: C<IO::AIO::MADV_NORMAL>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_SEQUENTIAL>,
2046	C<IO::AIO::MADV_RANDOM>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_WILLNEED>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_DONTNEED>,	2323	C<IO::AIO::MADV_RANDOM>, C<IO::AIO::MADV_WILLNEED>,
2047	C<IO::AIO::MADV_FREE>.	2324	C<IO::AIO::MADV_DONTNEED>.
		2325
		2326	If C<$offset> is negative, counts from the end. If C<$length> is negative,
		2327	the remaining length of the C<$scalar> is used. If possible, C<$length>
		2328	will be reduced to fit into the C<$scalar>.
2048		2329
2049	On systems that do not implement C<posix_madvise>, this function returns	2330	On systems that do not implement C<posix_madvise>, this function returns
2050	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<posix_madvise>.	2331	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<posix_madvise>.
2051		2332
2052	=item IO::AIO::mprotect $scalar, $offset, $len, $protect	2333	=item IO::AIO::mprotect $scalar, $offset, $len, $protect
…		…
2054	Simply calls the C<mprotect> function on the preferably AIO::mmap'ed	2335	Simply calls the C<mprotect> function on the preferably AIO::mmap'ed
2055	$scalar (see its manpage for details). The following protect	2336	$scalar (see its manpage for details). The following protect
2056	constants are available: C<IO::AIO::PROT_NONE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_READ>,	2337	constants are available: C<IO::AIO::PROT_NONE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_READ>,
2057	C<IO::AIO::PROT_WRITE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_EXEC>.	2338	C<IO::AIO::PROT_WRITE>, C<IO::AIO::PROT_EXEC>.
2058		2339
		2340	If C<$offset> is negative, counts from the end. If C<$length> is negative,
		2341	the remaining length of the C<$scalar> is used. If possible, C<$length>
		2342	will be reduced to fit into the C<$scalar>.
		2343
2059	On systems that do not implement C<mprotect>, this function returns	2344	On systems that do not implement C<mprotect>, this function returns
2060	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<mprotect>.	2345	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<mprotect>.
2061		2346
2062	=item IO::AIO::mmap $scalar, $length, $prot, $flags, $fh[, $offset]	2347	=item IO::AIO::mmap $scalar, $length, $prot, $flags, $fh[, $offset]
2063		2348
2064	Memory-maps a file (or anonymous memory range) and attaches it to the	2349	Memory-maps a file (or anonymous memory range) and attaches it to the
2065	given C<$scalar>, which will act like a string scalar. Returns true on	2350	given C<$scalar>, which will act like a string scalar. Returns true on
2066	success, and false otherwise.	2351	success, and false otherwise.
2067		2352
		2353	The scalar must exist, but its contents do not matter - this means you
		2354	cannot use a nonexistant array or hash element. When in doubt, C<undef>
		2355	the scalar first.
		2356
2068	The only operations allowed on the scalar are C<substr>/C<vec> that don't	2357	The only operations allowed on the mmapped scalar are C<substr>/C<vec>,
2069	change the string length, and most read-only operations such as copying it	2358	which don't change the string length, and most read-only operations such
2070	or searching it with regexes and so on.	2359	as copying it or searching it with regexes and so on.
2071		2360
2072	Anything else is unsafe and will, at best, result in memory leaks.	2361	Anything else is unsafe and will, at best, result in memory leaks.
2073		2362
2074	The memory map associated with the C<$scalar> is automatically removed	2363	The memory map associated with the C<$scalar> is automatically removed
2075	when the C<$scalar> is destroyed, or when the C<IO::AIO::mmap> or	2364	when the C<$scalar> is undef'd or destroyed, or when the C<IO::AIO::mmap>
2076	C<IO::AIO::munmap> functions are called.	2365	or C<IO::AIO::munmap> functions are called on it.
2077		2366
2078	This calls the C<mmap>(2) function internally. See your system's manual	2367	This calls the C<mmap>(2) function internally. See your system's manual
2079	page for details on the C<$length>, C<$prot> and C<$flags> parameters.	2368	page for details on the C<$length>, C<$prot> and C<$flags> parameters.
2080		2369
2081	The C<$length> must be larger than zero and smaller than the actual	2370	The C<$length> must be larger than zero and smaller than the actual
…		…
2094	C<IO::AIO::MAP_POPULATE>,	2383	C<IO::AIO::MAP_POPULATE>,
2095	C<IO::AIO::MAP_NONBLOCK>,	2384	C<IO::AIO::MAP_NONBLOCK>,
2096	C<IO::AIO::MAP_FIXED>,	2385	C<IO::AIO::MAP_FIXED>,
2097	C<IO::AIO::MAP_GROWSDOWN>,	2386	C<IO::AIO::MAP_GROWSDOWN>,
2098	C<IO::AIO::MAP_32BIT>,	2387	C<IO::AIO::MAP_32BIT>,
2099	C<IO::AIO::MAP_HUGETLB> or	2388	C<IO::AIO::MAP_HUGETLB>,
2100	C<IO::AIO::MAP_STACK>.	2389	C<IO::AIO::MAP_STACK>,
		2390	C<IO::AIO::MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE>,
		2391	C<IO::AIO::MAP_SHARED_VALIDATE>,
		2392	C<IO::AIO::MAP_SYNC> or
		2393	C<IO::AIO::MAP_UNINITIALIZED>.
2101		2394
2102	If C<$fh> is C<undef>, then a file descriptor of C<-1> is passed.	2395	If C<$fh> is C<undef>, then a file descriptor of C<-1> is passed.
2103		2396
2104	C<$offset> is the offset from the start of the file - it generally must be	2397	C<$offset> is the offset from the start of the file - it generally must be
2105	a multiple of C<IO::AIO::PAGESIZE> and defaults to C<0>.	2398	a multiple of C<IO::AIO::PAGESIZE> and defaults to C<0>.
…		…
2119		2412
2120	=item IO::AIO::munmap $scalar	2413	=item IO::AIO::munmap $scalar
2121		2414
2122	Removes a previous mmap and undefines the C<$scalar>.	2415	Removes a previous mmap and undefines the C<$scalar>.
2123		2416
		2417	=item IO::AIO::mremap $scalar, $new_length, $flags = MREMAP_MAYMOVE[, $new_address = 0]
		2418
		2419	Calls the Linux-specific mremap(2) system call. The C<$scalar> must have
		2420	been mapped by C<IO::AIO::mmap>, and C<$flags> must currently either be
		2421	C<0> or C<IO::AIO::MREMAP_MAYMOVE>.
		2422
		2423	Returns true if successful, and false otherwise. If the underlying mmapped
		2424	region has changed address, then the true value has the numerical value
		2425	C<1>, otherwise it has the numerical value C<0>:
		2426
		2427	my $success = IO::AIO::mremap $mmapped, 8192, IO::AIO::MREMAP_MAYMOVE
		2428	or die "mremap: $!";
		2429
		2430	if ($success*1) {
		2431	warn "scalar has chanegd address in memory\n";
		2432	}
		2433
		2434	C<IO::AIO::MREMAP_FIXED> and the C<$new_address> argument are currently
		2435	implemented, but not supported and might go away in a future version.
		2436
		2437	On systems where this call is not supported or is not emulated, this call
		2438	returns falls and sets C<$!> to C<ENOSYS>.
		2439
		2440	=item IO::AIO::mlockall $flags
		2441
		2442	Calls the C<eio_mlockall_sync> function, which is like C<aio_mlockall>,
		2443	but is blocking.
		2444
2124	=item IO::AIO::munlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef	2445	=item IO::AIO::munlock $scalar, $offset = 0, $length = undef
2125		2446
2126	Calls the C<munlock> function, undoing the effects of a previous	2447	Calls the C<munlock> function, undoing the effects of a previous
2127	C<aio_mlock> call (see its description for details).	2448	C<aio_mlock> call (see its description for details).
2128		2449
…		…
2130		2451
2131	Calls the C<munlockall> function.	2452	Calls the C<munlockall> function.
2132		2453
2133	On systems that do not implement C<munlockall>, this function returns	2454	On systems that do not implement C<munlockall>, this function returns
2134	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<munlockall>.	2455	ENOSYS, otherwise the return value of C<munlockall>.
		2456
		2457	=item $fh = IO::AIO::accept4 $r_fh, $sockaddr, $sockaddr_maxlen, $flags
		2458
		2459	Uses the GNU/Linux C<accept4(2)> syscall, if available, to accept a socket
		2460	and return the new file handle on success, or sets C<$!> and returns
		2461	C<undef> on error.
		2462
		2463	The remote name of the new socket will be stored in C<$sockaddr>, which
		2464	will be extended to allow for at least C<$sockaddr_maxlen> octets. If the
		2465	socket name does not fit into C<$sockaddr_maxlen> octets, this is signaled
		2466	by returning a longer string in C<$sockaddr>, which might or might not be
		2467	truncated.
		2468
		2469	To accept name-less sockets, use C<undef> for C<$sockaddr> and C<0> for
		2470	C<$sockaddr_maxlen>.
		2471
		2472	The main reasons to use this syscall rather than portable C<accept(2)>
		2473	are that you can specify C<SOCK_NONBLOCK> and/or C<SOCK_CLOEXEC>
		2474	flags and you can accept name-less sockets by specifying C<0> for
		2475	C<$sockaddr_maxlen>, which is sadly not possible with perl's interface to
		2476	C<accept>.
2135		2477
2136	=item IO::AIO::splice $r_fh, $r_off, $w_fh, $w_off, $length, $flags	2478	=item IO::AIO::splice $r_fh, $r_off, $w_fh, $w_off, $length, $flags
2137		2479
2138	Calls the GNU/Linux C<splice(2)> syscall, if available. If C<$r_off> or	2480	Calls the GNU/Linux C<splice(2)> syscall, if available. If C<$r_off> or
2139	C<$w_off> are C<undef>, then C<NULL> is passed for these, otherwise they	2481	C<$w_off> are C<undef>, then C<NULL> is passed for these, otherwise they
…		…
2177	C<$flags> is non-zero, fails with C<ENOSYS>.	2519	C<$flags> is non-zero, fails with C<ENOSYS>.
2178		2520
2179	Please refer to L<pipe2(2)> for more info on the C<$flags>, but at the	2521	Please refer to L<pipe2(2)> for more info on the C<$flags>, but at the
2180	time of this writing, C<IO::AIO::O_CLOEXEC>, C<IO::AIO::O_NONBLOCK> and	2522	time of this writing, C<IO::AIO::O_CLOEXEC>, C<IO::AIO::O_NONBLOCK> and
2181	C<IO::AIO::O_DIRECT> (Linux 3.4, for packet-based pipes) were supported.	2523	C<IO::AIO::O_DIRECT> (Linux 3.4, for packet-based pipes) were supported.
		2524
		2525	Example: create a pipe race-free w.r.t. threads and fork:
		2526
		2527	my ($rfh, $wfh) = IO::AIO::pipe2 IO::AIO::O_CLOEXEC
		2528	or die "pipe2: $!\n";
		2529
		2530	=item $fh = IO::AIO::memfd_create $pathname[, $flags]
		2531
		2532	This is a direct interface to the Linux L<memfd_create(2)> system
		2533	call. The (unhelpful) default for C<$flags> is C<0>, but your default
		2534	should be C<IO::AIO::MFD_CLOEXEC>.
		2535
		2536	On success, the new memfd filehandle is returned, otherwise returns
		2537	C<undef>. If the memfd_create syscall is missing, fails with C<ENOSYS>.
		2538
		2539	Please refer to L<memfd_create(2)> for more info on this call.
		2540
		2541	The following C<$flags> values are available: C<IO::AIO::MFD_CLOEXEC>,
		2542	C<IO::AIO::MFD_ALLOW_SEALING>, C<IO::AIO::MFD_HUGETLB>,
		2543	C<IO::AIO::MFD_HUGETLB_2MB> and C<IO::AIO::MFD_HUGETLB_1GB>.
		2544
		2545	Example: create a new memfd.
		2546
		2547	my $fh = IO::AIO::memfd_create "somenameforprocfd", IO::AIO::MFD_CLOEXEC
		2548	or die "memfd_create: $!\n";
		2549
		2550	=item $fh = IO::AIO::pidfd_open $pid[, $flags]
		2551
		2552	This is an interface to the Linux L<pidfd_open(2)> system call. The
		2553	default for C<$flags> is C<0>.
		2554
		2555	On success, a new pidfd filehandle is returned (that is already set to
		2556	close-on-exec), otherwise returns C<undef>. If the syscall is missing,
		2557	fails with C<ENOSYS>.
		2558
		2559	Example: open pid 6341 as pidfd.
		2560
		2561	my $fh = IO::AIO::pidfd_open 6341
		2562	or die "pidfd_open: $!\n";
		2563
		2564	=item $status = IO::AIO::pidfd_send_signal $pidfh, $signal[, $siginfo[, $flags]]
		2565
		2566	This is an interface to the Linux L<pidfd_send_signal> system call. The
		2567	default for C<$siginfo> is C<undef> and the default for C<$flags> is C<0>.
		2568
		2569	Returns the system call status. If the syscall is missing, fails with
		2570	C<ENOSYS>.
		2571
		2572	When specified, C<$siginfo> must be a reference to a hash with one or more
		2573	of the following members:
		2574
		2575	=over
		2576
		2577	=item code - the C<si_code> member
		2578
		2579	=item pid - the C<si_pid> member
		2580
		2581	=item uid - the C<si_uid> member
		2582
		2583	=item value_int - the C<si_value.sival_int> member
		2584
		2585	=item value_ptr - the C<si_value.sival_ptr> member, specified as an integer
		2586
		2587	=back
		2588
		2589	Example: send a SIGKILL to the specified process.
		2590
		2591	my $status = IO::AIO::pidfd_send_signal $pidfh, 9, undef
		2592	and die "pidfd_send_signal: $!\n";
		2593
		2594	Example: send a SIGKILL to the specified process with extra data.
		2595
		2596	my $status = IO::AIO::pidfd_send_signal $pidfh, 9, { code => -1, value_int => 7 }
		2597	and die "pidfd_send_signal: $!\n";
		2598
		2599	=item $fh = IO::AIO::pidfd_getfd $pidfh, $targetfd[, $flags]
		2600
		2601	This is an interface to the Linux L<pidfd_getfd> system call. The default
		2602	for C<$flags> is C<0>.
		2603
		2604	On success, returns a dup'ed copy of the target file descriptor (specified
		2605	as an integer) returned (that is already set to close-on-exec), otherwise
		2606	returns C<undef>. If the syscall is missing, fails with C<ENOSYS>.
		2607
		2608	Example: get a copy of standard error of another process and print soemthing to it.
		2609
		2610	my $errfh = IO::AIO::pidfd_getfd $pidfh, 2
		2611	or die "pidfd_getfd: $!\n";
		2612	print $errfh "stderr\n";
		2613
		2614	=item $fh = IO::AIO::eventfd [$initval, [$flags]]
		2615
		2616	This is a direct interface to the Linux L<eventfd(2)> system call. The
		2617	(unhelpful) defaults for C<$initval> and C<$flags> are C<0> for both.
		2618
		2619	On success, the new eventfd filehandle is returned, otherwise returns
		2620	C<undef>. If the eventfd syscall is missing, fails with C<ENOSYS>.
		2621
		2622	Please refer to L<eventfd(2)> for more info on this call.
		2623
		2624	The following symbol flag values are available: C<IO::AIO::EFD_CLOEXEC>,
		2625	C<IO::AIO::EFD_NONBLOCK> and C<IO::AIO::EFD_SEMAPHORE> (Linux 2.6.30).
		2626
		2627	Example: create a new eventfd filehandle:
		2628
		2629	$fh = IO::AIO::eventfd 0, IO::AIO::EFD_CLOEXEC
		2630	or die "eventfd: $!\n";
		2631
		2632	=item $fh = IO::AIO::timerfd_create $clockid[, $flags]
		2633
		2634	This is a direct interface to the Linux L<timerfd_create(2)> system
		2635	call. The (unhelpful) default for C<$flags> is C<0>, but your default
		2636	should be C<IO::AIO::TFD_CLOEXEC>.
		2637
		2638	On success, the new timerfd filehandle is returned, otherwise returns
		2639	C<undef>. If the timerfd_create syscall is missing, fails with C<ENOSYS>.
		2640
		2641	Please refer to L<timerfd_create(2)> for more info on this call.
		2642
		2643	The following C<$clockid> values are
		2644	available: C<IO::AIO::CLOCK_REALTIME>, C<IO::AIO::CLOCK_MONOTONIC>
		2645	C<IO::AIO::CLOCK_CLOCK_BOOTTIME> (Linux 3.15)
		2646	C<IO::AIO::CLOCK_CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM> (Linux 3.11) and
		2647	C<IO::AIO::CLOCK_CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM> (Linux 3.11).
		2648
		2649	The following C<$flags> values are available (Linux
		2650	2.6.27): C<IO::AIO::TFD_NONBLOCK> and C<IO::AIO::TFD_CLOEXEC>.
		2651
		2652	Example: create a new timerfd and set it to one-second repeated alarms,
		2653	then wait for two alarms:
		2654
		2655	my $fh = IO::AIO::timerfd_create IO::AIO::CLOCK_BOOTTIME, IO::AIO::TFD_CLOEXEC
		2656	or die "timerfd_create: $!\n";
		2657
		2658	defined IO::AIO::timerfd_settime $fh, 0, 1, 1
		2659	or die "timerfd_settime: $!\n";
		2660
		2661	for (1..2) {
		2662	8 == sysread $fh, my $buf, 8
		2663	or die "timerfd read failure\n";
		2664
		2665	printf "number of expirations (likely 1): %d\n",
		2666	unpack "Q", $buf;
		2667	}
		2668
		2669	=item ($cur_interval, $cur_value) = IO::AIO::timerfd_settime $fh, $flags, $new_interval, $nbw_value
		2670
		2671	This is a direct interface to the Linux L<timerfd_settime(2)> system
		2672	call. Please refer to its manpage for more info on this call.
		2673
		2674	The new itimerspec is specified using two (possibly fractional) second
		2675	values, C<$new_interval> and C<$new_value>).
		2676
		2677	On success, the current interval and value are returned (as per
		2678	C<timerfd_gettime>). On failure, the empty list is returned.
		2679
		2680	The following C<$flags> values are
		2681	available: C<IO::AIO::TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME> and
		2682	C<IO::AIO::TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET>.
		2683
		2684	See C<IO::AIO::timerfd_create> for a full example.
		2685
		2686	=item ($cur_interval, $cur_value) = IO::AIO::timerfd_gettime $fh
		2687
		2688	This is a direct interface to the Linux L<timerfd_gettime(2)> system
		2689	call. Please refer to its manpage for more info on this call.
		2690
		2691	On success, returns the current values of interval and value for the given
		2692	timerfd (as potentially fractional second values). On failure, the empty
		2693	list is returned.
2182		2694
2183	=back	2695	=back
2184		2696
2185	=cut	2697	=cut
2186		2698
…		…
2252	the process will result in undefined behaviour. Calling it at any time	2764	the process will result in undefined behaviour. Calling it at any time
2253	will also result in any undefined (by POSIX) behaviour.	2765	will also result in any undefined (by POSIX) behaviour.
2254		2766
2255	=back	2767	=back
2256		2768
		2769	=head2 LINUX-SPECIFIC CALLS
		2770
		2771	When a call is documented as "linux-specific" then this means it
		2772	originated on GNU/Linux. C<IO::AIO> will usually try to autodetect the
		2773	availability and compatibility of such calls regardless of the platform
		2774	it is compiled on, so platforms such as FreeBSD which often implement
		2775	these calls will work. When in doubt, call them and see if they fail wth
		2776	C<ENOSYS>.
		2777
2257	=head2 MEMORY USAGE	2778	=head2 MEMORY USAGE
2258		2779
2259	Per-request usage:	2780	Per-request usage:
2260		2781
2261	Each aio request uses - depending on your architecture - around 100-200	2782	Each aio request uses - depending on your architecture - around 100-200
…		…
2273	temporary buffers, and each thread requires a stack and other data	2794	temporary buffers, and each thread requires a stack and other data
2274	structures (usually around 16k-128k, depending on the OS).	2795	structures (usually around 16k-128k, depending on the OS).
2275		2796
2276	=head1 KNOWN BUGS	2797	=head1 KNOWN BUGS
2277		2798
2278	Known bugs will be fixed in the next release.	2799	Known bugs will be fixed in the next release :)
		2800
		2801	=head1 KNOWN ISSUES
		2802
		2803	Calls that try to "import" foreign memory areas (such as C<IO::AIO::mmap>
		2804	or C<IO::AIO::aio_slurp>) do not work with generic lvalues, such as
		2805	non-created hash slots or other scalars I didn't think of. It's best to
		2806	avoid such and either use scalar variables or making sure that the scalar
		2807	exists (e.g. by storing C<undef>) and isn't "funny" (e.g. tied).
		2808
		2809	I am not sure anything can be done about this, so this is considered a
		2810	known issue, rather than a bug.
2279		2811
2280	=head1 SEE ALSO	2812	=head1 SEE ALSO
2281		2813
2282	L<AnyEvent::AIO> for easy integration into event loops, L<Coro::AIO> for a	2814	L<AnyEvent::AIO> for easy integration into event loops, L<Coro::AIO> for a
2283	more natural syntax.	2815	more natural syntax and L<IO::FDPass> for file descriptor passing.
2284		2816
2285	=head1 AUTHOR	2817	=head1 AUTHOR
2286		2818
2287	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>	2819	Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
2288	http://home.schmorp.de/	2820	http://home.schmorp.de/

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Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents): Revision 1.263 by root, Tue Jul 12 20:46:33 2016 UTC vs. Revision 1.320 by root, Tue Feb 20 06:40:23 2024 UTC

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Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.263 by root, Tue Jul 12 20:46:33 2016 UTC vs.
Revision 1.320 by root, Tue Feb 20 06:40:23 2024 UTC