[ViewVC] Diff of: cvs/IO-AIO/AIO.pm

Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.70 by root, Tue Oct 24 03:40:38 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.116 by root, Wed Oct 3 21:27:51 2007 UTC

…		…
5	=head1 SYNOPSIS	5	=head1 SYNOPSIS
6		6
7	use IO::AIO;	7	use IO::AIO;
8		8
9	aio_open "/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY, 0, sub {	9	aio_open "/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
10	my ($fh) = @_;	10	my $fh = shift
		11	or die "/etc/passwd: $!";
11	...	12	...
12	};	13	};
13		14
14	aio_unlink "/tmp/file", sub { };	15	aio_unlink "/tmp/file", sub { };
15		16
…		…
51	=head1 DESCRIPTION	52	=head1 DESCRIPTION
52		53
53	This module implements asynchronous I/O using whatever means your	54	This module implements asynchronous I/O using whatever means your
54	operating system supports.	55	operating system supports.
55		56
		57	Asynchronous means that operations that can normally block your program
		58	(e.g. reading from disk) will be done asynchronously: the operation
		59	will still block, but you can do something else in the meantime. This
		60	is extremely useful for programs that need to stay interactive even
		61	when doing heavy I/O (GUI programs, high performance network servers
		62	etc.), but can also be used to easily do operations in parallel that are
		63	normally done sequentially, e.g. stat'ing many files, which is much faster
		64	on a RAID volume or over NFS when you do a number of stat operations
		65	concurrently.
		66
		67	While most of this works on all types of file descriptors (for
		68	example sockets), using these functions on file descriptors that
		69	support nonblocking operation (again, sockets, pipes etc.) is very
		70	inefficient. Use an event loop for that (such as the L<Event\|Event>
		71	module): IO::AIO will naturally fit into such an event loop itself.
		72
56	Currently, a number of threads are started that execute your read/writes	73	In this version, a number of threads are started that execute your
57	and signal their completion. You don't need thread support in perl, and	74	requests and signal their completion. You don't need thread support
58	the threads created by this module will not be visible to perl. In the	75	in perl, and the threads created by this module will not be visible
59	future, this module might make use of the native aio functions available	76	to perl. In the future, this module might make use of the native aio
60	on many operating systems. However, they are often not well-supported	77	functions available on many operating systems. However, they are often
61	(Linux doesn't allow them on normal files currently, for example),	78	not well-supported or restricted (GNU/Linux doesn't allow them on normal
62	and they would only support aio_read and aio_write, so the remaining	79	files currently, for example), and they would only support aio_read and
63	functionality would have to be implemented using threads anyway.	80	aio_write, so the remaining functionality would have to be implemented
		81	using threads anyway.
64		82
65	Although the module will work with in the presence of other threads,	83	Although the module will work in the presence of other (Perl-) threads,
66	it is currently not reentrant in any way, so use appropriate locking	84	it is currently not reentrant in any way, so use appropriate locking
67	yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never	85	yourself, always call C<poll_cb> from within the same thread, or never
68	call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively.	86	call C<poll_cb> (or other C<aio_> functions) recursively.
69		87
		88	=head2 EXAMPLE
		89
		90	This is a simple example that uses the Event module and loads
		91	F</etc/passwd> asynchronously:
		92
		93	use Fcntl;
		94	use Event;
		95	use IO::AIO;
		96
		97	# register the IO::AIO callback with Event
		98	Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
		99	poll => 'r',
		100	cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
		101
		102	# queue the request to open /etc/passwd
		103	aio_open "/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
		104	my $fh = shift
		105	or die "error while opening: $!";
		106
		107	# stat'ing filehandles is generally non-blocking
		108	my $size = -s $fh;
		109
		110	# queue a request to read the file
		111	my $contents;
		112	aio_read $fh, 0, $size, $contents, 0, sub {
		113	$_[0] == $size
		114	or die "short read: $!";
		115
		116	close $fh;
		117
		118	# file contents now in $contents
		119	print $contents;
		120
		121	# exit event loop and program
		122	Event::unloop;
		123	};
		124	};
		125
		126	# possibly queue up other requests, or open GUI windows,
		127	# check for sockets etc. etc.
		128
		129	# process events as long as there are some:
		130	Event::loop;
		131
		132	=head1 REQUEST ANATOMY AND LIFETIME
		133
		134	Every C<aio_*> function creates a request. which is a C data structure not
		135	directly visible to Perl.
		136
		137	If called in non-void context, every request function returns a Perl
		138	object representing the request. In void context, nothing is returned,
		139	which saves a bit of memory.
		140
		141	The perl object is a fairly standard ref-to-hash object. The hash contents
		142	are not used by IO::AIO so you are free to store anything you like in it.
		143
		144	During their existance, aio requests travel through the following states,
		145	in order:
		146
		147	=over 4
		148
		149	=item ready
		150
		151	Immediately after a request is created it is put into the ready state,
		152	waiting for a thread to execute it.
		153
		154	=item execute
		155
		156	A thread has accepted the request for processing and is currently
		157	executing it (e.g. blocking in read).
		158
		159	=item pending
		160
		161	The request has been executed and is waiting for result processing.
		162
		163	While request submission and execution is fully asynchronous, result
		164	processing is not and relies on the perl interpreter calling C<poll_cb>
		165	(or another function with the same effect).
		166
		167	=item result
		168
		169	The request results are processed synchronously by C<poll_cb>.
		170
		171	The C<poll_cb> function will process all outstanding aio requests by
		172	calling their callbacks, freeing memory associated with them and managing
		173	any groups they are contained in.
		174
		175	=item done
		176
		177	Request has reached the end of its lifetime and holds no resources anymore
		178	(except possibly for the Perl object, but its connection to the actual
		179	aio request is severed and calling its methods will either do nothing or
		180	result in a runtime error).
		181
		182	=back
		183
70	=cut	184	=cut
71		185
72	package IO::AIO;	186	package IO::AIO;
73		187
74	no warnings;	188	no warnings;
75	use strict 'vars';	189	use strict 'vars';
76		190
77	use base 'Exporter';	191	use base 'Exporter';
78		192
79	BEGIN {	193	BEGIN {
80	our $VERSION = '2.0';	194	our $VERSION = '2.5';
81		195
82	our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close aio_stat	196	our @AIO_REQ = qw(aio_sendfile aio_read aio_write aio_open aio_close aio_stat
83	aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_scandir aio_symlink	197	aio_lstat aio_unlink aio_rmdir aio_readdir aio_scandir aio_symlink
84	aio_fsync aio_fdatasync aio_readahead aio_rename aio_link aio_move	198	aio_readlink aio_fsync aio_fdatasync aio_readahead aio_rename aio_link
85	aio_group aio_nop);	199	aio_move aio_copy aio_group aio_nop aio_mknod aio_load aio_rmtree aio_mkdir
		200	aio_chown aio_chmod aio_utime aio_truncate);
86	our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri aioreq_nice));	201	our @EXPORT = (@AIO_REQ, qw(aioreq_pri aioreq_nice aio_block));
87	our @EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb poll_wait flush	202	our @EXPORT_OK = qw(poll_fileno poll_cb poll_wait flush
88	min_parallel max_parallel max_outstanding nreqs);	203	min_parallel max_parallel max_idle
		204	nreqs nready npending nthreads
		205	max_poll_time max_poll_reqs);
89		206
90	@IO::AIO::GRP::ISA = 'IO::AIO::REQ';	207	@IO::AIO::GRP::ISA = 'IO::AIO::REQ';
91		208
92	require XSLoader;	209	require XSLoader;
93	XSLoader::load ("IO::AIO", $VERSION);	210	XSLoader::load ("IO::AIO", $VERSION);
94	}	211	}
95		212
96	=head1 FUNCTIONS	213	=head1 FUNCTIONS
97		214
98	=head2 AIO FUNCTIONS	215	=head2 AIO REQUEST FUNCTIONS
99		216
100	All the C<aio_*> calls are more or less thin wrappers around the syscall	217	All the C<aio_*> calls are more or less thin wrappers around the syscall
101	with the same name (sans C<aio_>). The arguments are similar or identical,	218	with the same name (sans C<aio_>). The arguments are similar or identical,
102	and they all accept an additional (and optional) C<$callback> argument	219	and they all accept an additional (and optional) C<$callback> argument
103	which must be a code reference. This code reference will get called with	220	which must be a code reference. This code reference will get called with
…		…
106	syscall has been executed asynchronously.	223	syscall has been executed asynchronously.
107		224
108	All functions expecting a filehandle keep a copy of the filehandle	225	All functions expecting a filehandle keep a copy of the filehandle
109	internally until the request has finished.	226	internally until the request has finished.
110		227
111	All requests return objects of type L<IO::AIO::REQ> that allow further	228	All functions return request objects of type L<IO::AIO::REQ> that allow
112	manipulation of those requests while they are in-flight.	229	further manipulation of those requests while they are in-flight.
113		230
114	The pathnames you pass to these routines I<must> be absolute and	231	The pathnames you pass to these routines I<must> be absolute and
115	encoded in byte form. The reason for the former is that at the time the	232	encoded as octets. The reason for the former is that at the time the
116	request is being executed, the current working directory could have	233	request is being executed, the current working directory could have
117	changed. Alternatively, you can make sure that you never change the	234	changed. Alternatively, you can make sure that you never change the
118	current working directory.	235	current working directory anywhere in the program and then use relative
		236	paths.
119		237
120	To encode pathnames to byte form, either make sure you either: a)	238	To encode pathnames as octets, either make sure you either: a) always pass
121	always pass in filenames you got from outside (command line, readdir	239	in filenames you got from outside (command line, readdir etc.) without
122	etc.), b) are ASCII or ISO 8859-1, c) use the Encode module and encode	240	tinkering, b) are ASCII or ISO 8859-1, c) use the Encode module and encode
123	your pathnames to the locale (or other) encoding in effect in the user	241	your pathnames to the locale (or other) encoding in effect in the user
124	environment, d) use Glib::filename_from_unicode on unicode filenames or e)	242	environment, d) use Glib::filename_from_unicode on unicode filenames or e)
125	use something else.	243	use something else to ensure your scalar has the correct contents.
		244
		245	This works, btw. independent of the internal UTF-8 bit, which IO::AIO
		246	handles correctly wether it is set or not.
126		247
127	=over 4	248	=over 4
128		249
129	=item aioreq_pri $pri	250	=item $prev_pri = aioreq_pri [$pri]
130		251
131	Sets the priority for the next aio request. The default priority	252	Returns the priority value that would be used for the next request and, if
		253	C<$pri> is given, sets the priority for the next aio request.
		254
132	is C<0>, the minimum and maximum priorities are C<-4> and C<4>,	255	The default priority is C<0>, the minimum and maximum priorities are C<-4>
133	respectively. Requests with higher priority will be serviced first.	256	and C<4>, respectively. Requests with higher priority will be serviced
		257	first.
134		258
135	The priority will be reset to C<0> after each call to one of the C<aio_>	259	The priority will be reset to C<0> after each call to one of the C<aio_*>
136	functions.	260	functions.
137		261
138	Example: open a file with low priority, then read something from it with	262	Example: open a file with low priority, then read something from it with
139	higher priority so the read request is serviced before other low priority	263	higher priority so the read request is serviced before other low priority
140	open requests (potentially spamming the cache):	264	open requests (potentially spamming the cache):
…		…
147	aio_read $_[0], ..., sub {	271	aio_read $_[0], ..., sub {
148	...	272	...
149	};	273	};
150	};	274	};
151		275
		276
152	=item aioreq_nice $pri_adjust	277	=item aioreq_nice $pri_adjust
153		278
154	Similar to C<aioreq_pri>, but subtracts the given value from the current	279	Similar to C<aioreq_pri>, but subtracts the given value from the current
155	priority, so effects are cumulative.	280	priority, so the effect is cumulative.
		281
156		282
157	=item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)	283	=item aio_open $pathname, $flags, $mode, $callback->($fh)
158		284
159	Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly	285	Asynchronously open or create a file and call the callback with a newly
160	created filehandle for the file.	286	created filehandle for the file.
…		…
166	list. They are the same as used by C<sysopen>.	292	list. They are the same as used by C<sysopen>.
167		293
168	Likewise, C<$mode> specifies the mode of the newly created file, if it	294	Likewise, C<$mode> specifies the mode of the newly created file, if it
169	didn't exist and C<O_CREAT> has been given, just like perl's C<sysopen>,	295	didn't exist and C<O_CREAT> has been given, just like perl's C<sysopen>,
170	except that it is mandatory (i.e. use C<0> if you don't create new files,	296	except that it is mandatory (i.e. use C<0> if you don't create new files,
171	and C<0666> or C<0777> if you do).	297	and C<0666> or C<0777> if you do). Note that the C<$mode> will be modified
		298	by the umask in effect then the request is being executed, so better never
		299	change the umask.
172		300
173	Example:	301	Example:
174		302
175	aio_open "/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY, 0, sub {	303	aio_open "/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
176	if ($_[0]) {	304	if ($_[0]) {
…		…
179	} else {	307	} else {
180	die "open failed: $!\n";	308	die "open failed: $!\n";
181	}	309	}
182	};	310	};
183		311
		312
184	=item aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)	313	=item aio_close $fh, $callback->($status)
185		314
186	Asynchronously close a file and call the callback with the result	315	Asynchronously close a file and call the callback with the result
187	code. I<WARNING:> although accepted, you should not pass in a perl	316	code.
188	filehandle here, as perl will likely close the file descriptor another
189	time when the filehandle is destroyed. Normally, you can safely call perls
190	C<close> or just let filehandles go out of scope.
191		317
192	This is supposed to be a bug in the API, so that might change. It's	318	Unlike the other functions operating on files, this function uses the
193	therefore best to avoid this function.	319	PerlIO layer to close the filehandle. The reason is that the PerlIO API
		320	insists on closing the underlying fd itself, no matter what, and doesn't
		321	allow modifications to the fd. Unfortunately, it is not clear that you can
		322	call PerlIO from different threads (actually, its quite clear that this
		323	won't work in some cases), so while it likely works perfectly with simple
		324	file handles (such as the ones created by C<aio_open>) it might fail in
		325	interesting ways for others.
		326
		327	Having said that, aio_close tries to clean up the filehandle as much as
		328	possible before handing it to an io thread, and generally does work.
		329
194		330
195	=item aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)	331	=item aio_read $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
196		332
197	=item aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)	333	=item aio_write $fh,$offset,$length, $data,$dataoffset, $callback->($retval)
198		334
199	Reads or writes C<length> bytes from the specified C<fh> and C<offset>	335	Reads or writes C<$length> bytes from the specified C<$fh> and C<$offset>
200	into the scalar given by C<data> and offset C<dataoffset> and calls the	336	into the scalar given by C<$data> and offset C<$dataoffset> and calls the
201	callback without the actual number of bytes read (or -1 on error, just	337	callback without the actual number of bytes read (or -1 on error, just
202	like the syscall).	338	like the syscall).
203		339
		340	If C<$offset> is undefined, then the current file descriptor offset will
		341	be used (and updated), otherwise the file descriptor offset will not be
		342	changed by these calls.
		343
		344	If C<$length> is undefined in C<aio_write>, use the remaining length of C<$data>.
		345
		346	If C<$dataoffset> is less than zero, it will be counted from the end of
		347	C<$data>.
		348
204	The C<$data> scalar I<MUST NOT> be modified in any way while the request	349	The C<$data> scalar I<MUST NOT> be modified in any way while the request
205	is outstanding. Modifying it can result in segfaults or WW3 (if the	350	is outstanding. Modifying it can result in segfaults or World War III (if
206	necessary/optional hardware is installed).	351	the necessary/optional hardware is installed).
207		352
208	Example: Read 15 bytes at offset 7 into scalar C<$buffer>, starting at	353	Example: Read 15 bytes at offset 7 into scalar C<$buffer>, starting at
209	offset C<0> within the scalar:	354	offset C<0> within the scalar:
210		355
211	aio_read $fh, 7, 15, $buffer, 0, sub {	356	aio_read $fh, 7, 15, $buffer, 0, sub {
212	$_[0] > 0 or die "read error: $!";	357	$_[0] > 0 or die "read error: $!";
213	print "read $_[0] bytes: <$buffer>\n";	358	print "read $_[0] bytes: <$buffer>\n";
214	};	359	};
215		360
216	=item aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
217
218	[EXPERIMENTAL due to internal aio_group use]
219
220	Try to move the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or
221	destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with
222	the C<0> (error) or C<-1> ok.
223
224	This is a composite request that tries to rename(2) the file first. If
225	rename files with C<EXDEV>, it creates the destination file with mode 0200
226	and copies the contents of the source file into it using C<aio_sendfile>,
227	followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and uid/gid, in that
228	order, and unlinking the C<$srcpath>.
229
230	If an error occurs, the partial destination file will be unlinked, if
231	possible, except when setting atime, mtime, access mode and uid/gid, where
232	errors are being ignored.
233
234	=cut
235
236	sub aio_move($$$) {
237	my ($src, $dst, $cb) = @_;
238
239	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
240
241	add $grp aio_rename $src, $dst, sub {
242	if ($_[0] && $! == EXDEV) {
243	add $grp aio_open $src, O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
244	if (my $src_fh = $_[0]) {
245	my @stat = stat $src_fh;
246
247	add $grp aio_open $dst, O_WRONLY, 0200, sub {
248	if (my $dst_fh = $_[0]) {
249	add $grp aio_sendfile $dst_fh, $src_fh, 0, $stat[7], sub {
250	close $src_fh;
251
252	if ($_[0] == $stat[7]) {
253	utime $stat[8], $stat[9], $dst;
254	chmod $stat[2] & 07777, $dst_fh;
255	chown $stat[4], $stat[5], $dst_fh;
256	close $dst_fh;
257
258	add $grp aio_unlink $src, sub {
259	$grp->result ($_[0]);
260	};
261	} else {
262	my $errno = $!;
263	add $grp aio_unlink $dst, sub {
264	$! = $errno;
265	$grp->result (-1);
266	};
267	}
268	};
269	} else {
270	$grp->result (-1);
271	}
272	},
273
274	} else {
275	$grp->result (-1);
276	}
277	};
278	} else {
279	$grp->result ($_[0]);
280	}
281	};
282
283	$grp
284	}
285		361
286	=item aio_sendfile $out_fh, $in_fh, $in_offset, $length, $callback->($retval)	362	=item aio_sendfile $out_fh, $in_fh, $in_offset, $length, $callback->($retval)
287		363
288	Tries to copy C<$length> bytes from C<$in_fh> to C<$out_fh>. It starts	364	Tries to copy C<$length> bytes from C<$in_fh> to C<$out_fh>. It starts
289	reading at byte offset C<$in_offset>, and starts writing at the current	365	reading at byte offset C<$in_offset>, and starts writing at the current
…		…
303	C<$in_fh> than are written, and there is no way to find out how many	379	C<$in_fh> than are written, and there is no way to find out how many
304	bytes have been read from C<aio_sendfile> alone, as C<aio_sendfile> only	380	bytes have been read from C<aio_sendfile> alone, as C<aio_sendfile> only
305	provides the number of bytes written to C<$out_fh>. Only if the result	381	provides the number of bytes written to C<$out_fh>. Only if the result
306	value equals C<$length> one can assume that C<$length> bytes have been	382	value equals C<$length> one can assume that C<$length> bytes have been
307	read.	383	read.
		384
308		385
309	=item aio_readahead $fh,$offset,$length, $callback->($retval)	386	=item aio_readahead $fh,$offset,$length, $callback->($retval)
310		387
311	C<aio_readahead> populates the page cache with data from a file so that	388	C<aio_readahead> populates the page cache with data from a file so that
312	subsequent reads from that file will not block on disk I/O. The C<$offset>	389	subsequent reads from that file will not block on disk I/O. The C<$offset>
…		…
318	file. The current file offset of the file is left unchanged.	395	file. The current file offset of the file is left unchanged.
319		396
320	If that syscall doesn't exist (likely if your OS isn't Linux) it will be	397	If that syscall doesn't exist (likely if your OS isn't Linux) it will be
321	emulated by simply reading the data, which would have a similar effect.	398	emulated by simply reading the data, which would have a similar effect.
322		399
		400
323	=item aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)	401	=item aio_stat $fh_or_path, $callback->($status)
324		402
325	=item aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)	403	=item aio_lstat $fh, $callback->($status)
326		404
327	Works like perl's C<stat> or C<lstat> in void context. The callback will	405	Works like perl's C<stat> or C<lstat> in void context. The callback will
…		…
340	aio_stat "/etc/passwd", sub {	418	aio_stat "/etc/passwd", sub {
341	$_[0] and die "stat failed: $!";	419	$_[0] and die "stat failed: $!";
342	print "size is ", -s _, "\n";	420	print "size is ", -s _, "\n";
343	};	421	};
344		422
		423
		424	=item aio_utime $fh_or_path, $atime, $mtime, $callback->($status)
		425
		426	Works like perl's C<utime> function (including the special case of $atime
		427	and $mtime being undef). Fractional times are supported if the underlying
		428	syscalls support them.
		429
		430	When called with a pathname, uses utimes(2) if available, otherwise
		431	utime(2). If called on a file descriptor, uses futimes(2) if available,
		432	otherwise returns ENOSYS, so this is not portable.
		433
		434	Examples:
		435
		436	# set atime and mtime to current time (basically touch(1)):
		437	aio_utime "path", undef, undef;
		438	# set atime to current time and mtime to beginning of the epoch:
		439	aio_utime "path", time, undef; # undef==0
		440
		441
		442	=item aio_chown $fh_or_path, $uid, $gid, $callback->($status)
		443
		444	Works like perl's C<chown> function, except that C<undef> for either $uid
		445	or $gid is being interpreted as "do not change" (but -1 can also be used).
		446
		447	Examples:
		448
		449	# same as "chown root path" in the shell:
		450	aio_chown "path", 0, -1;
		451	# same as above:
		452	aio_chown "path", 0, undef;
		453
		454
		455	=item aio_truncate $fh_or_path, $offset, $callback->($status)
		456
		457	Works like truncate(2) or ftruncate(2).
		458
		459
		460	=item aio_chmod $fh_or_path, $mode, $callback->($status)
		461
		462	Works like perl's C<chmod> function.
		463
		464
345	=item aio_unlink $pathname, $callback->($status)	465	=item aio_unlink $pathname, $callback->($status)
346		466
347	Asynchronously unlink (delete) a file and call the callback with the	467	Asynchronously unlink (delete) a file and call the callback with the
348	result code.	468	result code.
349		469
		470
		471	=item aio_mknod $path, $mode, $dev, $callback->($status)
		472
		473	[EXPERIMENTAL]
		474
		475	Asynchronously create a device node (or fifo). See mknod(2).
		476
		477	The only (POSIX-) portable way of calling this function is:
		478
		479	aio_mknod $path, IO::AIO::S_IFIFO \| $mode, 0, sub { ...
		480
		481
350	=item aio_link $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	482	=item aio_link $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
351		483
352	Asynchronously create a new link to the existing object at C<$srcpath> at	484	Asynchronously create a new link to the existing object at C<$srcpath> at
353	the path C<$dstpath> and call the callback with the result code.	485	the path C<$dstpath> and call the callback with the result code.
354		486
		487
355	=item aio_symlink $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	488	=item aio_symlink $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
356		489
357	Asynchronously create a new symbolic link to the existing object at C<$srcpath> at	490	Asynchronously create a new symbolic link to the existing object at C<$srcpath> at
358	the path C<$dstpath> and call the callback with the result code.	491	the path C<$dstpath> and call the callback with the result code.
359		492
		493
		494	=item aio_readlink $path, $callback->($link)
		495
		496	Asynchronously read the symlink specified by C<$path> and pass it to
		497	the callback. If an error occurs, nothing or undef gets passed to the
		498	callback.
		499
		500
360	=item aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)	501	=item aio_rename $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
361		502
362	Asynchronously rename the object at C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath>, just as	503	Asynchronously rename the object at C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath>, just as
363	rename(2) and call the callback with the result code.	504	rename(2) and call the callback with the result code.
364		505
		506
		507	=item aio_mkdir $pathname, $mode, $callback->($status)
		508
		509	Asynchronously mkdir (create) a directory and call the callback with
		510	the result code. C<$mode> will be modified by the umask at the time the
		511	request is executed, so do not change your umask.
		512
		513
365	=item aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)	514	=item aio_rmdir $pathname, $callback->($status)
366		515
367	Asynchronously rmdir (delete) a directory and call the callback with the	516	Asynchronously rmdir (delete) a directory and call the callback with the
368	result code.	517	result code.
		518
369		519
370	=item aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)	520	=item aio_readdir $pathname, $callback->($entries)
371		521
372	Unlike the POSIX call of the same name, C<aio_readdir> reads an entire	522	Unlike the POSIX call of the same name, C<aio_readdir> reads an entire
373	directory (i.e. opendir + readdir + closedir). The entries will not be	523	directory (i.e. opendir + readdir + closedir). The entries will not be
374	sorted, and will B<NOT> include the C<.> and C<..> entries.	524	sorted, and will B<NOT> include the C<.> and C<..> entries.
375		525
376	The callback a single argument which is either C<undef> or an array-ref	526	The callback a single argument which is either C<undef> or an array-ref
377	with the filenames.	527	with the filenames.
378		528
		529
		530	=item aio_load $path, $data, $callback->($status)
		531
		532	This is a composite request that tries to fully load the given file into
		533	memory. Status is the same as with aio_read.
		534
		535	=cut
		536
		537	sub aio_load($$;$) {
		538	aio_block {
		539	my ($path, undef, $cb) = @_;
		540	my $data = \$_[1];
		541
		542	my $pri = aioreq_pri;
		543	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
		544
		545	aioreq_pri $pri;
		546	add $grp aio_open $path, O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
		547	my $fh = shift
		548	or return $grp->result (-1);
		549
		550	aioreq_pri $pri;
		551	add $grp aio_read $fh, 0, (-s $fh), $$data, 0, sub {
		552	$grp->result ($_[0]);
		553	};
		554	};
		555
		556	$grp
		557	}
		558	}
		559
		560	=item aio_copy $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
		561
		562	Try to copy the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or
		563	destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with
		564	the C<0> (error) or C<-1> ok.
		565
		566	This is a composite request that it creates the destination file with
		567	mode 0200 and copies the contents of the source file into it using
		568	C<aio_sendfile>, followed by restoring atime, mtime, access mode and
		569	uid/gid, in that order.
		570
		571	If an error occurs, the partial destination file will be unlinked, if
		572	possible, except when setting atime, mtime, access mode and uid/gid, where
		573	errors are being ignored.
		574
		575	=cut
		576
		577	sub aio_copy($$;$) {
		578	aio_block {
		579	my ($src, $dst, $cb) = @_;
		580
		581	my $pri = aioreq_pri;
		582	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
		583
		584	aioreq_pri $pri;
		585	add $grp aio_open $src, O_RDONLY, 0, sub {
		586	if (my $src_fh = $_[0]) {
		587	my @stat = stat $src_fh;
		588
		589	aioreq_pri $pri;
		590	add $grp aio_open $dst, O_CREAT \| O_WRONLY \| O_TRUNC, 0200, sub {
		591	if (my $dst_fh = $_[0]) {
		592	aioreq_pri $pri;
		593	add $grp aio_sendfile $dst_fh, $src_fh, 0, $stat[7], sub {
		594	if ($_[0] == $stat[7]) {
		595	$grp->result (0);
		596	close $src_fh;
		597
		598	# those should not normally block. should. should.
		599	utime $stat[8], $stat[9], $dst;
		600	chmod $stat[2] & 07777, $dst_fh;
		601	chown $stat[4], $stat[5], $dst_fh;
		602	close $dst_fh;
		603	} else {
		604	$grp->result (-1);
		605	close $src_fh;
		606	close $dst_fh;
		607
		608	aioreq $pri;
		609	add $grp aio_unlink $dst;
		610	}
		611	};
		612	} else {
		613	$grp->result (-1);
		614	}
		615	},
		616
		617	} else {
		618	$grp->result (-1);
		619	}
		620	};
		621
		622	$grp
		623	}
		624	}
		625
		626	=item aio_move $srcpath, $dstpath, $callback->($status)
		627
		628	Try to move the I<file> (directories not supported as either source or
		629	destination) from C<$srcpath> to C<$dstpath> and call the callback with
		630	the C<0> (error) or C<-1> ok.
		631
		632	This is a composite request that tries to rename(2) the file first. If
		633	rename files with C<EXDEV>, it copies the file with C<aio_copy> and, if
		634	that is successful, unlinking the C<$srcpath>.
		635
		636	=cut
		637
		638	sub aio_move($$;$) {
		639	aio_block {
		640	my ($src, $dst, $cb) = @_;
		641
		642	my $pri = aioreq_pri;
		643	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
		644
		645	aioreq_pri $pri;
		646	add $grp aio_rename $src, $dst, sub {
		647	if ($_[0] && $! == EXDEV) {
		648	aioreq_pri $pri;
		649	add $grp aio_copy $src, $dst, sub {
		650	$grp->result ($_[0]);
		651
		652	if (!$_[0]) {
		653	aioreq_pri $pri;
		654	add $grp aio_unlink $src;
		655	}
		656	};
		657	} else {
		658	$grp->result ($_[0]);
		659	}
		660	};
		661
		662	$grp
		663	}
		664	}
		665
379	=item aio_scandir $path, $maxreq, $callback->($dirs, $nondirs)	666	=item aio_scandir $path, $maxreq, $callback->($dirs, $nondirs)
380		667
381	[EXPERIMENTAL due to internal aio_group use]
382
383	Scans a directory (similar to C<aio_readdir>) but additionally tries to	668	Scans a directory (similar to C<aio_readdir>) but additionally tries to
384	separate the entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of names, ones	669	efficiently separate the entries of directory C<$path> into two sets of
385	you can recurse into (directories or links to them), and ones you cannot	670	names, directories you can recurse into (directories), and ones you cannot
386	recurse into (everything else).	671	recurse into (everything else, including symlinks to directories).
387		672
388	C<aio_scandir> is a composite request that creates of many sub requests_	673	C<aio_scandir> is a composite request that creates of many sub requests_
389	C<$maxreq> specifies the maximum number of outstanding aio requests that	674	C<$maxreq> specifies the maximum number of outstanding aio requests that
390	this function generates. If it is C<< <= 0 >>, then a suitable default	675	this function generates. If it is C<< <= 0 >>, then a suitable default
391	will be chosen (currently 6).	676	will be chosen (currently 4).
392		677
393	On error, the callback is called without arguments, otherwise it receives	678	On error, the callback is called without arguments, otherwise it receives
394	two array-refs with path-relative entry names.	679	two array-refs with path-relative entry names.
395		680
396	Example:	681	Example:
…		…
430	as those tend to return 0 or 1 as link counts, which disables the	715	as those tend to return 0 or 1 as link counts, which disables the
431	directory counting heuristic.	716	directory counting heuristic.
432		717
433	=cut	718	=cut
434		719
435	sub aio_scandir($$$) {	720	sub aio_scandir($$;$) {
		721	aio_block {
436	my ($path, $maxreq, $cb) = @_;	722	my ($path, $maxreq, $cb) = @_;
437		723
		724	my $pri = aioreq_pri;
		725
438	my $grp = aio_group $cb;	726	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
439		727
440	$maxreq = 6 if $maxreq <= 0;	728	$maxreq = 4 if $maxreq <= 0;
441		729
442	# stat once	730	# stat once
		731	aioreq_pri $pri;
443	add $grp aio_stat $path, sub {	732	add $grp aio_stat $path, sub {
444	return $grp->result () if $_[0];	733	return $grp->result () if $_[0];
445	my $now = time;	734	my $now = time;
446	my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];	735	my $hash1 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
447		736
448	# read the directory entries	737	# read the directory entries
		738	aioreq_pri $pri;
449	add $grp aio_readdir $path, sub {	739	add $grp aio_readdir $path, sub {
450	my $entries = shift	740	my $entries = shift
451	or return $grp->result ();	741	or return $grp->result ();
452		742
453	# stat the dir another time	743	# stat the dir another time
		744	aioreq_pri $pri;
454	add $grp aio_stat $path, sub {	745	add $grp aio_stat $path, sub {
455	my $hash2 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];	746	my $hash2 = join ":", (stat _)[0,1,3,7,9];
456		747
457	my $ndirs;	748	my $ndirs;
458		749
459	# take the slow route if anything looks fishy	750	# take the slow route if anything looks fishy
460	if ($hash1 ne $hash2 or (stat _)[9] == $now) {	751	if ($hash1 ne $hash2 or (stat _)[9] == $now) {
461	$ndirs = -1;	752	$ndirs = -1;
462	} else {	753	} else {
463	# if nlink == 2, we are finished	754	# if nlink == 2, we are finished
464	# on non-posix-fs's, we rely on nlink < 2	755	# on non-posix-fs's, we rely on nlink < 2
465	$ndirs = (stat _)[3] - 2	756	$ndirs = (stat _)[3] - 2
466	or return $grp->result ([], $entries);	757	or return $grp->result ([], $entries);
467	}	758	}
468		759
469	# sort into likely dirs and likely nondirs	760	# sort into likely dirs and likely nondirs
470	# dirs == files without ".", short entries first	761	# dirs == files without ".", short entries first
471	$entries = [map $_->[0],	762	$entries = [map $_->[0],
472	sort { $b->[1] cmp $a->[1] }	763	sort { $b->[1] cmp $a->[1] }
473	map [$_, sprintf "%s%04d", (/.\./ ? "1" : "0"), length],	764	map [$_, sprintf "%s%04d", (/.\./ ? "1" : "0"), length],
474	@$entries];	765	@$entries];
475		766
476	my (@dirs, @nondirs);	767	my (@dirs, @nondirs);
477		768
478	my ($statcb, $schedcb);
479	my $nreq = 0;
480
481	my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group;	769	my $statgrp = add $grp aio_group sub {
482
483	$schedcb = sub {
484	if (@$entries) {
485	if ($nreq < $maxreq) {
486	my $ent = pop @$entries;
487	$nreq++;
488	add $statgrp aio_stat "$path/$ent/.", sub { $statcb->($_[0], $ent) };
489	}
490	} elsif (!$nreq) {
491	# finished
492	$statgrp->cancel;
493	undef $statcb;
494	undef $schedcb;
495	$grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs);	770	$grp->result (\@dirs, \@nondirs);
496	}	771	};
		772
		773	limit $statgrp $maxreq;
		774	feed $statgrp sub {
		775	return unless @$entries;
		776	my $entry = pop @$entries;
		777
		778	aioreq_pri $pri;
		779	add $statgrp aio_stat "$path/$entry/.", sub {
		780	if ($_[0] < 0) {
		781	push @nondirs, $entry;
		782	} else {
		783	# need to check for real directory
		784	aioreq_pri $pri;
		785	add $statgrp aio_lstat "$path/$entry", sub {
		786	if (-d _) {
		787	push @dirs, $entry;
		788
		789	unless (--$ndirs) {
		790	push @nondirs, @$entries;
		791	feed $statgrp;
		792	}
		793	} else {
		794	push @nondirs, $entry;
		795	}
		796	}
		797	}
		798	};
		799	};
497	};	800	};
498	$statcb = sub {
499	my ($status, $entry) = @_;
500
501	if ($status < 0) {
502	$nreq--;
503	push @nondirs, $entry;
504	&$schedcb;
505	} else {
506	# need to check for real directory
507	add $grp aio_lstat "$path/$entry", sub {
508	$nreq--;
509
510	if (-d _) {
511	push @dirs, $entry;
512
513	if (!--$ndirs) {
514	push @nondirs, @$entries;
515	$entries = [];
516	}
517	} else {
518	push @nondirs, $entry;
519	}
520
521	&$schedcb;
522	}
523	}
524	};
525
526	&$schedcb while @$entries && $nreq < $maxreq;
527	};	801	};
528	};	802	};
		803
		804	$grp
529	};	805	}
		806	}
530		807
		808	=item aio_rmtree $path, $callback->($status)
		809
		810	Delete a directory tree starting (and including) C<$path>, return the
		811	status of the final C<rmdir> only. This is a composite request that
		812	uses C<aio_scandir> to recurse into and rmdir directories, and unlink
		813	everything else.
		814
		815	=cut
		816
		817	sub aio_rmtree;
		818	sub aio_rmtree($;$) {
		819	aio_block {
		820	my ($path, $cb) = @_;
		821
		822	my $pri = aioreq_pri;
		823	my $grp = aio_group $cb;
		824
		825	aioreq_pri $pri;
		826	add $grp aio_scandir $path, 0, sub {
		827	my ($dirs, $nondirs) = @_;
		828
		829	my $dirgrp = aio_group sub {
		830	add $grp aio_rmdir $path, sub {
		831	$grp->result ($_[0]);
		832	};
		833	};
		834
		835	(aioreq_pri $pri), add $dirgrp aio_rmtree "$path/$_" for @$dirs;
		836	(aioreq_pri $pri), add $dirgrp aio_unlink "$path/$_" for @$nondirs;
		837
		838	add $grp $dirgrp;
		839	};
		840
531	$grp	841	$grp
		842	}
532	}	843	}
533		844
534	=item aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)	845	=item aio_fsync $fh, $callback->($status)
535		846
536	Asynchronously call fsync on the given filehandle and call the callback	847	Asynchronously call fsync on the given filehandle and call the callback
…		…
544	If this call isn't available because your OS lacks it or it couldn't be	855	If this call isn't available because your OS lacks it or it couldn't be
545	detected, it will be emulated by calling C<fsync> instead.	856	detected, it will be emulated by calling C<fsync> instead.
546		857
547	=item aio_group $callback->(...)	858	=item aio_group $callback->(...)
548		859
549	[EXPERIMENTAL]
550
551	This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a	860	This is a very special aio request: Instead of doing something, it is a
552	container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle	861	container for other aio requests, which is useful if you want to bundle
553	many requests into a single, composite, request.	862	many requests into a single, composite, request with a definite callback
		863	and the ability to cancel the whole request with its subrequests.
554		864
555	Returns an object of class L<IO::AIO::GRP>. See its documentation below	865	Returns an object of class L<IO::AIO::GRP>. See its documentation below
556	for more info.	866	for more info.
557		867
558	Example:	868	Example:
…		…
577	phase and still requires a worker thread. Thus, the callback will not	887	phase and still requires a worker thread. Thus, the callback will not
578	be executed immediately but only after other requests in the queue have	888	be executed immediately but only after other requests in the queue have
579	entered their execution phase. This can be used to measure request	889	entered their execution phase. This can be used to measure request
580	latency.	890	latency.
581		891
582	=item IO::AIO::aio_sleep $fractional_seconds, $callback->() NOT EXPORTED	892	=item IO::AIO::aio_busy $fractional_seconds, $callback->() NOT EXPORTED
583		893
584	Mainly used for debugging and benchmarking, this aio request puts one of	894	Mainly used for debugging and benchmarking, this aio request puts one of
585	the request workers to sleep for the given time.	895	the request workers to sleep for the given time.
586		896
587	While it is theoretically handy to have simple I/O scheduling requests	897	While it is theoretically handy to have simple I/O scheduling requests
588	like sleep and file handle readable/writable, the overhead this creates	898	like sleep and file handle readable/writable, the overhead this creates is
589	is immense, so do not use this function except to put your application	899	immense (it blocks a thread for a long time) so do not use this function
590	under artificial I/O pressure.	900	except to put your application under artificial I/O pressure.
591		901
592	=back	902	=back
593		903
594	=head2 IO::AIO::REQ CLASS	904	=head2 IO::AIO::REQ CLASS
595		905
596	All non-aggregate C<aio_*> functions return an object of this class when	906	All non-aggregate C<aio_*> functions return an object of this class when
597	called in non-void context.	907	called in non-void context.
598
599	A request always moves through the following five states in its lifetime,
600	in order: B<ready> (request has been created, but has not been executed
601	yet), B<execute> (request is currently being executed), B<pending>
602	(request has been executed but callback has not been called yet),
603	B<result> (results are being processed synchronously, includes calling the
604	callback) and B<done> (request has reached the end of its lifetime and
605	holds no resources anymore).
606		908
607	=over 4	909	=over 4
608		910
609	=item cancel $req	911	=item cancel $req
610		912
…		…
664	=item * They can also can also be added to other IO::AIO::GRP objects.	966	=item * They can also can also be added to other IO::AIO::GRP objects.
665		967
666	=item * You must not add requests to a group from within the group callback (or	968	=item * You must not add requests to a group from within the group callback (or
667	any later time).	969	any later time).
668		970
669	=item * This does not harmonise well with C<max_outstanding>, so best do
670	not combine C<aio_group> with it. Groups and feeders are recommended for
671	this kind of concurrency-limiting.
672
673	=back	971	=back
674		972
675	Their lifetime, simplified, looks like this: when they are empty, they	973	Their lifetime, simplified, looks like this: when they are empty, they
676	will finish very quickly. If they contain only requests that are in the	974	will finish very quickly. If they contain only requests that are in the
677	C<done> state, they will also finish. Otherwise they will continue to	975	C<done> state, they will also finish. Otherwise they will continue to
…		…
692	be added, including other groups, as long as you do not create circular	990	be added, including other groups, as long as you do not create circular
693	dependencies.	991	dependencies.
694		992
695	Returns all its arguments.	993	Returns all its arguments.
696		994
		995	=item $grp->cancel_subs
		996
		997	Cancel all subrequests and clears any feeder, but not the group request
		998	itself. Useful when you queued a lot of events but got a result early.
		999
697	=item $grp->result (...)	1000	=item $grp->result (...)
698		1001
699	Set the result value(s) that will be passed to the group callback when all	1002	Set the result value(s) that will be passed to the group callback when all
700	subrequests have finished. By default, no argument will be passed.	1003	subrequests have finished and set thre groups errno to the current value
		1004	of errno (just like calling C<errno> without an error number). By default,
		1005	no argument will be passed and errno is zero.
		1006
		1007	=item $grp->errno ([$errno])
		1008
		1009	Sets the group errno value to C<$errno>, or the current value of errno
		1010	when the argument is missing.
		1011
		1012	Every aio request has an associated errno value that is restored when
		1013	the callback is invoked. This method lets you change this value from its
		1014	default (0).
		1015
		1016	Calling C<result> will also set errno, so make sure you either set C<$!>
		1017	before the call to C<result>, or call c<errno> after it.
701		1018
702	=item feed $grp $callback->($grp)	1019	=item feed $grp $callback->($grp)
703
704	[VERY EXPERIMENTAL]
705		1020
706	Sets a feeder/generator on this group: every group can have an attached	1021	Sets a feeder/generator on this group: every group can have an attached
707	generator that generates requests if idle. The idea behind this is that,	1022	generator that generates requests if idle. The idea behind this is that,
708	although you could just queue as many requests as you want in a group,	1023	although you could just queue as many requests as you want in a group,
709	this might starve other requests for a potentially long time. For	1024	this might starve other requests for a potentially long time. For
…		…
746		1061
747	=back	1062	=back
748		1063
749	=head2 SUPPORT FUNCTIONS	1064	=head2 SUPPORT FUNCTIONS
750		1065
		1066	=head3 EVENT PROCESSING AND EVENT LOOP INTEGRATION
		1067
751	=over 4	1068	=over 4
752		1069
753	=item $fileno = IO::AIO::poll_fileno	1070	=item $fileno = IO::AIO::poll_fileno
754		1071
755	Return the I<request result pipe file descriptor>. This filehandle must be	1072	Return the I<request result pipe file descriptor>. This filehandle must be
…		…
759		1076
760	See C<poll_cb> for an example.	1077	See C<poll_cb> for an example.
761		1078
762	=item IO::AIO::poll_cb	1079	=item IO::AIO::poll_cb
763		1080
764	Process all outstanding events on the result pipe. You have to call this	1081	Process some outstanding events on the result pipe. You have to call this
765	regularly. Returns the number of events processed. Returns immediately	1082	regularly. Returns the number of events processed. Returns immediately
766	when no events are outstanding.	1083	when no events are outstanding. The amount of events processed depends on
		1084	the settings of C<IO::AIO::max_poll_req> and C<IO::AIO::max_poll_time>.
		1085
		1086	If not all requests were processed for whatever reason, the filehandle
		1087	will still be ready when C<poll_cb> returns.
767		1088
768	Example: Install an Event watcher that automatically calls	1089	Example: Install an Event watcher that automatically calls
769	IO::AIO::poll_cb with high priority:	1090	IO::AIO::poll_cb with high priority:
770		1091
771	Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,	1092	Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
772	poll => 'r', async => 1,	1093	poll => 'r', async => 1,
773	cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);	1094	cb => \&IO::AIO::poll_cb);
774		1095
		1096	=item IO::AIO::max_poll_reqs $nreqs
		1097
		1098	=item IO::AIO::max_poll_time $seconds
		1099
		1100	These set the maximum number of requests (default C<0>, meaning infinity)
		1101	that are being processed by C<IO::AIO::poll_cb> in one call, respectively
		1102	the maximum amount of time (default C<0>, meaning infinity) spent in
		1103	C<IO::AIO::poll_cb> to process requests (more correctly the mininum amount
		1104	of time C<poll_cb> is allowed to use).
		1105
		1106	Setting C<max_poll_time> to a non-zero value creates an overhead of one
		1107	syscall per request processed, which is not normally a problem unless your
		1108	callbacks are really really fast or your OS is really really slow (I am
		1109	not mentioning Solaris here). Using C<max_poll_reqs> incurs no overhead.
		1110
		1111	Setting these is useful if you want to ensure some level of
		1112	interactiveness when perl is not fast enough to process all requests in
		1113	time.
		1114
		1115	For interactive programs, values such as C<0.01> to C<0.1> should be fine.
		1116
		1117	Example: Install an Event watcher that automatically calls
		1118	IO::AIO::poll_cb with low priority, to ensure that other parts of the
		1119	program get the CPU sometimes even under high AIO load.
		1120
		1121	# try not to spend much more than 0.1s in poll_cb
		1122	IO::AIO::max_poll_time 0.1;
		1123
		1124	# use a low priority so other tasks have priority
		1125	Event->io (fd => IO::AIO::poll_fileno,
		1126	poll => 'r', nice => 1,
		1127	cb => &IO::AIO::poll_cb);
		1128
775	=item IO::AIO::poll_wait	1129	=item IO::AIO::poll_wait
776		1130
		1131	If there are any outstanding requests and none of them in the result
777	Wait till the result filehandle becomes ready for reading (simply does a	1132	phase, wait till the result filehandle becomes ready for reading (simply
778	C<select> on the filehandle. This is useful if you want to synchronously wait	1133	does a C<select> on the filehandle. This is useful if you want to
779	for some requests to finish).	1134	synchronously wait for some requests to finish).
780		1135
781	See C<nreqs> for an example.	1136	See C<nreqs> for an example.
782		1137
		1138	=item IO::AIO::poll
		1139
		1140	Waits until some requests have been handled.
		1141
		1142	Returns the number of requests processed, but is otherwise strictly
		1143	equivalent to:
		1144
		1145	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
		1146
783	=item IO::AIO::nreqs	1147	=item IO::AIO::flush
784		1148
785	Returns the number of requests currently outstanding (i.e. for which their	1149	Wait till all outstanding AIO requests have been handled.
786	callback has not been invoked yet).
787		1150
788	Example: wait till there are no outstanding requests anymore:	1151	Strictly equivalent to:
789		1152
790	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb	1153	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
791	while IO::AIO::nreqs;	1154	while IO::AIO::nreqs;
792		1155
793	=item IO::AIO::flush	1156	=back
794		1157
795	Wait till all outstanding AIO requests have been handled.	1158	=head3 CONTROLLING THE NUMBER OF THREADS
796		1159
797	Strictly equivalent to:	1160	=over
798
799	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
800	while IO::AIO::nreqs;
801
802	=item IO::AIO::poll
803
804	Waits until some requests have been handled.
805
806	Strictly equivalent to:
807
808	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
809	if IO::AIO::nreqs;
810		1161
811	=item IO::AIO::min_parallel $nthreads	1162	=item IO::AIO::min_parallel $nthreads
812		1163
813	Set the minimum number of AIO threads to C<$nthreads>. The current	1164	Set the minimum number of AIO threads to C<$nthreads>. The current
814	default is C<8>, which means eight asynchronous operations can execute	1165	default is C<8>, which means eight asynchronous operations can execute
815	concurrently at any one time (the number of outstanding requests,	1166	concurrently at any one time (the number of outstanding requests,
816	however, is unlimited).	1167	however, is unlimited).
817		1168
818	IO::AIO starts threads only on demand, when an AIO request is queued and	1169	IO::AIO starts threads only on demand, when an AIO request is queued and
819	no free thread exists.	1170	no free thread exists. Please note that queueing up a hundred requests can
		1171	create demand for a hundred threads, even if it turns out that everything
		1172	is in the cache and could have been processed faster by a single thread.
820		1173
821	It is recommended to keep the number of threads relatively low, as some	1174	It is recommended to keep the number of threads relatively low, as some
822	Linux kernel versions will scale negatively with the number of threads	1175	Linux kernel versions will scale negatively with the number of threads
823	(higher parallelity => MUCH higher latency). With current Linux 2.6	1176	(higher parallelity => MUCH higher latency). With current Linux 2.6
824	versions, 4-32 threads should be fine.	1177	versions, 4-32 threads should be fine.
…		…
838	This module automatically runs C<max_parallel 0> at program end, to ensure	1191	This module automatically runs C<max_parallel 0> at program end, to ensure
839	that all threads are killed and that there are no outstanding requests.	1192	that all threads are killed and that there are no outstanding requests.
840		1193
841	Under normal circumstances you don't need to call this function.	1194	Under normal circumstances you don't need to call this function.
842		1195
		1196	=item IO::AIO::max_idle $nthreads
		1197
		1198	Limit the number of threads (default: 4) that are allowed to idle (i.e.,
		1199	threads that did not get a request to process within 10 seconds). That
		1200	means if a thread becomes idle while C<$nthreads> other threads are also
		1201	idle, it will free its resources and exit.
		1202
		1203	This is useful when you allow a large number of threads (e.g. 100 or 1000)
		1204	to allow for extremely high load situations, but want to free resources
		1205	under normal circumstances (1000 threads can easily consume 30MB of RAM).
		1206
		1207	The default is probably ok in most situations, especially if thread
		1208	creation is fast. If thread creation is very slow on your system you might
		1209	want to use larger values.
		1210
843	=item $oldnreqs = IO::AIO::max_outstanding $nreqs	1211	=item $oldmaxreqs = IO::AIO::max_outstanding $maxreqs
844		1212
845	[DEPRECATED]	1213	This is a very bad function to use in interactive programs because it
		1214	blocks, and a bad way to reduce concurrency because it is inexact: Better
		1215	use an C<aio_group> together with a feed callback.
846		1216
847	Sets the maximum number of outstanding requests to C<$nreqs>. If you	1217	Sets the maximum number of outstanding requests to C<$nreqs>. If you
848	try to queue up more than this number of requests, the caller will block until	1218	do queue up more than this number of requests, the next call to the
849	some requests have been handled.	1219	C<poll_cb> (and C<poll_some> and other functions calling C<poll_cb>)
		1220	function will block until the limit is no longer exceeded.
850		1221
851	The default is very large, so normally there is no practical limit. If you	1222	The default value is very large, so there is no practical limit on the
852	queue up many requests in a loop it often improves speed if you set	1223	number of outstanding requests.
853	this to a relatively low number, such as C<100>.
854		1224
855	This function does not work well together with C<aio_group>'s, and their	1225	You can still queue as many requests as you want. Therefore,
856	feeder interface is better suited to limiting concurrency, so do not use	1226	C<max_oustsanding> is mainly useful in simple scripts (with low values) or
857	this function.	1227	as a stop gap to shield against fatal memory overflow (with large values).
858
859	Under normal circumstances you don't need to call this function.
860		1228
861	=back	1229	=back
862		1230
		1231	=head3 STATISTICAL INFORMATION
		1232
		1233	=over
		1234
		1235	=item IO::AIO::nreqs
		1236
		1237	Returns the number of requests currently in the ready, execute or pending
		1238	states (i.e. for which their callback has not been invoked yet).
		1239
		1240	Example: wait till there are no outstanding requests anymore:
		1241
		1242	IO::AIO::poll_wait, IO::AIO::poll_cb
		1243	while IO::AIO::nreqs;
		1244
		1245	=item IO::AIO::nready
		1246
		1247	Returns the number of requests currently in the ready state (not yet
		1248	executed).
		1249
		1250	=item IO::AIO::npending
		1251
		1252	Returns the number of requests currently in the pending state (executed,
		1253	but not yet processed by poll_cb).
		1254
		1255	=back
		1256
863	=cut	1257	=cut
864		1258
865	# support function to convert a fd into a perl filehandle
866	sub _fd2fh {
867	return undef if $_[0] < 0;
868
869	# try to generate nice filehandles
870	my $sym = "IO::AIO::fd#$_[0]";
871	local *$sym;
872
873	open *$sym, "+<&=$_[0]" # usually works under any unix
874	or open *$sym, "<&=$_[0]" # cygwin needs this
875	or open *$sym, ">&=$_[0]" # or this
876	or return undef;
877
878	*$sym
879	}
880
881	min_parallel 8;	1259	min_parallel 8;
882		1260
883	END {	1261	END { flush }
884	max_parallel 0;
885	}
886		1262
887	1;	1263	1;
888		1264
889	=head2 FORK BEHAVIOUR	1265	=head2 FORK BEHAVIOUR
890		1266
891	This module should do "the right thing" when the process using it forks:	1267	This module should do "the right thing" when the process using it forks:
892		1268
893	Before the fork, IO::AIO enters a quiescent state where no requests	1269	Before the fork, IO::AIO enters a quiescent state where no requests
894	can be added in other threads and no results will be processed. After	1270	can be added in other threads and no results will be processed. After
895	the fork the parent simply leaves the quiescent state and continues	1271	the fork the parent simply leaves the quiescent state and continues
896	request/result processing, while the child clears the request/result	1272	request/result processing, while the child frees the request/result queue
897	queue (so the requests started before the fork will only be handled in	1273	(so that the requests started before the fork will only be handled in the
898	the parent). Threads will be started on demand until the limit ste in the	1274	parent). Threads will be started on demand until the limit set in the
899	parent process has been reached again.	1275	parent process has been reached again.
900		1276
901	In short: the parent will, after a short pause, continue as if fork had	1277	In short: the parent will, after a short pause, continue as if fork had
902	not been called, while the child will act as if IO::AIO has not been used	1278	not been called, while the child will act as if IO::AIO has not been used
903	yet.	1279	yet.
904		1280
905	=head2 MEMORY USAGE	1281	=head2 MEMORY USAGE
906		1282
		1283	Per-request usage:
		1284
907	Each aio request uses - depending on your architecture - around 128 bytes	1285	Each aio request uses - depending on your architecture - around 100-200
908	of memory. In addition, stat requests need a stat buffer (possibly a few	1286	bytes of memory. In addition, stat requests need a stat buffer (possibly
909	hundred bytes). Perl scalars and other data passed into aio requests will	1287	a few hundred bytes), readdir requires a result buffer and so on. Perl
910	also be locked.	1288	scalars and other data passed into aio requests will also be locked and
		1289	will consume memory till the request has entered the done state.
911		1290
912	This is now awfully much, so queuing lots of requests is not usually a	1291	This is not awfully much, so queuing lots of requests is not usually a
913	problem.	1292	problem.
914		1293
915	Each thread needs a stack area which is usually around 16k, sometimes much	1294	Per-thread usage:
916	larger, depending on the OS.	1295
		1296	In the execution phase, some aio requests require more memory for
		1297	temporary buffers, and each thread requires a stack and other data
		1298	structures (usually around 16k-128k, depending on the OS).
		1299
		1300	=head1 KNOWN BUGS
		1301
		1302	Known bugs will be fixed in the next release.
917		1303
918	=head1 SEE ALSO	1304	=head1 SEE ALSO
919		1305
920	L<Coro::AIO>.	1306	L<Coro::AIO>.
921		1307

Diff Legend

-–
+Removed lines
-+
+Added lines
-<
+Changed lines
->
+Changed lines

Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents): Revision 1.70 by root, Tue Oct 24 03:40:38 2006 UTC vs. Revision 1.116 by root, Wed Oct 3 21:27:51 2007 UTC

Diff Legend

Comparing IO-AIO/AIO.pm (file contents):
Revision 1.70 by root, Tue Oct 24 03:40:38 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.116 by root, Wed Oct 3 21:27:51 2007 UTC