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Revision 1.9 by root, Thu Mar 29 02:45:49 2007 UTC vs.
Revision 1.11 by root, Wed May 9 16:35:21 2007 UTC

112 $json = $json->ascii ([$enable]) 112 $json = $json->ascii ([$enable])
113 If $enable is true (or missing), then the "encode" method will not 113 If $enable is true (or missing), then the "encode" method will not
114 generate characters outside the code range 0..127 (which is ASCII). 114 generate characters outside the code range 0..127 (which is ASCII).
115 Any unicode characters outside that range will be escaped using 115 Any unicode characters outside that range will be escaped using
116 either a single \uXXXX (BMP characters) or a double \uHHHH\uLLLLL 116 either a single \uXXXX (BMP characters) or a double \uHHHH\uLLLLL
117 escape sequence, as per RFC4627. 117 escape sequence, as per RFC4627. The resulting encoded JSON text can
118 be treated as a native unicode string, an ascii-encoded,
119 latin1-encoded or UTF-8 encoded string, or any other superset of
120 ASCII.
118 121
119 If $enable is false, then the "encode" method will not escape 122 If $enable is false, then the "encode" method will not escape
120 Unicode characters unless required by the JSON syntax. This results 123 Unicode characters unless required by the JSON syntax or other
121 in a faster and more compact format. 124 flags. This results in a faster and more compact format.
125
126 The main use for this flag is to produce JSON texts that can be
127 transmitted over a 7-bit channel, as the encoded JSON texts will not
128 contain any 8 bit characters.
122 129
123 JSON::XS->new->ascii (1)->encode ([chr 0x10401]) 130 JSON::XS->new->ascii (1)->encode ([chr 0x10401])
124 => ["\ud801\udc01"] 131 => ["\ud801\udc01"]
132
133 $json = $json->latin1 ([$enable])
134 If $enable is true (or missing), then the "encode" method will
135 encode the resulting JSON text as latin1 (or iso-8859-1), escaping
136 any characters outside the code range 0..255. The resulting string
137 can be treated as a latin1-encoded JSON text or a native unicode
138 string. The "decode" method will not be affected in any way by this
139 flag, as "decode" by default expects unicode, which is a strict
140 superset of latin1.
141
142 If $enable is false, then the "encode" method will not escape
143 Unicode characters unless required by the JSON syntax or other
144 flags.
145
146 The main use for this flag is efficiently encoding binary data as
147 JSON text, as most octets will not be escaped, resulting in a
148 smaller encoded size. The disadvantage is that the resulting JSON
149 text is encoded in latin1 (and must correctly be treated as such
150 when storing and transfering), a rare encoding for JSON. It is
151 therefore most useful when you want to store data structures known
152 to contain binary data efficiently in files or databases, not when
153 talking to other JSON encoders/decoders.
154
155 JSON::XS->new->latin1->encode (["\x{89}\x{abc}"]
156 => ["\x{89}\\u0abc"] # (perl syntax, U+abc escaped, U+89 not)
125 157
126 $json = $json->utf8 ([$enable]) 158 $json = $json->utf8 ([$enable])
127 If $enable is true (or missing), then the "encode" method will 159 If $enable is true (or missing), then the "encode" method will
128 encode the JSON result into UTF-8, as required by many protocols, 160 encode the JSON result into UTF-8, as required by many protocols,
129 while the "decode" method expects to be handled an UTF-8-encoded 161 while the "decode" method expects to be handled an UTF-8-encoded
265 converting strings that look like integers or floats into integers 297 converting strings that look like integers or floats into integers
266 or floats internally (there is no difference on the Perl level), 298 or floats internally (there is no difference on the Perl level),
267 saving space. 299 saving space.
268 300
269 $json = $json->max_depth ([$maximum_nesting_depth]) 301 $json = $json->max_depth ([$maximum_nesting_depth])
270 Sets the maximum nesting level (default 4096) accepted while 302 Sets the maximum nesting level (default 512) accepted while encoding
271 encoding or decoding. If the JSON text or Perl data structure has an 303 or decoding. If the JSON text or Perl data structure has an equal or
272 equal or higher nesting level then this limit, then the encoder and 304 higher nesting level then this limit, then the encoder and decoder
273 decoder will stop and croak at that point. 305 will stop and croak at that point.
274 306
275 Nesting level is defined by number of hash- or arrayrefs that the 307 Nesting level is defined by number of hash- or arrayrefs that the
276 encoder needs to traverse to reach a given point or the number of 308 encoder needs to traverse to reach a given point or the number of
277 "{" or "[" characters without their matching closing parenthesis 309 "{" or "[" characters without their matching closing parenthesis
278 crossed to reach a given character in a string. 310 crossed to reach a given character in a string.
300 returning the resulting simple scalar or reference. Croaks on error. 332 returning the resulting simple scalar or reference. Croaks on error.
301 333
302 JSON numbers and strings become simple Perl scalars. JSON arrays 334 JSON numbers and strings become simple Perl scalars. JSON arrays
303 become Perl arrayrefs and JSON objects become Perl hashrefs. "true" 335 become Perl arrayrefs and JSON objects become Perl hashrefs. "true"
304 becomes 1, "false" becomes 0 and "null" becomes "undef". 336 becomes 1, "false" becomes 0 and "null" becomes "undef".
337
338 ($perl_scalar, $characters) = $json->decode_prefix ($json_text)
339 This works like the "decode" method, but instead of raising an
340 exception when there is trailing garbage after the first JSON
341 object, it will silently stop parsing there and return the number of
342 characters consumed so far.
343
344 This is useful if your JSON texts are not delimited by an outer
345 protocol (which is not the brightest thing to do in the first place)
346 and you need to know where the JSON text ends.
347
348 JSON::XS->new->decode_prefix ("[1] the tail")
349 => ([], 3)
305 350
306MAPPING 351MAPPING
307 This section describes how JSON::XS maps Perl values to JSON values and 352 This section describes how JSON::XS maps Perl values to JSON values and
308 vice versa. These mappings are designed to "do the right thing" in most 353 vice versa. These mappings are designed to "do the right thing" in most
309 circumstances automatically, preserving round-tripping characteristics 354 circumstances automatically, preserving round-tripping characteristics
411 $x *= 1; # same thing, the choise is yours. 456 $x *= 1; # same thing, the choise is yours.
412 457
413 You can not currently output JSON booleans or force the type in 458 You can not currently output JSON booleans or force the type in
414 other, less obscure, ways. Tell me if you need this capability. 459 other, less obscure, ways. Tell me if you need this capability.
415 460
416 circular data structures
417 Those will be encoded until memory or stackspace runs out.
418
419COMPARISON 461COMPARISON
420 As already mentioned, this module was created because none of the 462 As already mentioned, this module was created because none of the
421 existing JSON modules could be made to work correctly. First I will 463 existing JSON modules could be made to work correctly. First I will
422 describe the problems (or pleasures) I encountered with various existing 464 describe the problems (or pleasures) I encountered with various existing
423 JSON modules, followed by some benchmark values. JSON::XS was designed 465 JSON modules, followed by some benchmark values. JSON::XS was designed
561 required to decode it into a Perl structure. 603 required to decode it into a Perl structure.
562 604
563 Third, JSON::XS recurses using the C stack when decoding objects and 605 Third, JSON::XS recurses using the C stack when decoding objects and
564 arrays. The C stack is a limited resource: for instance, on my amd64 606 arrays. The C stack is a limited resource: for instance, on my amd64
565 machine with 8MB of stack size I can decode around 180k nested arrays 607 machine with 8MB of stack size I can decode around 180k nested arrays
566 but only 14k nested JSON objects. If that is exceeded, the program 608 but only 14k nested JSON objects (due to perl itself recursing deeply on
609 croak to free the temporary). If that is exceeded, the program crashes.
567 crashes. Thats why the default nesting limit is set to 4096. If your 610 to be conservative, the default nesting limit is set to 512. If your
568 process has a smaller stack, you should adjust this setting accordingly 611 process has a smaller stack, you should adjust this setting accordingly
569 with the "max_depth" method. 612 with the "max_depth" method.
570 613
571 And last but least, something else could bomb you that I forgot to think 614 And last but least, something else could bomb you that I forgot to think
572 of. In that case, you get to keep the pieces. I am alway sopen for 615 of. In that case, you get to keep the pieces. I am always open for
573 hints, though... 616 hints, though...
574 617
575BUGS 618BUGS
576 While the goal of this module is to be correct, that unfortunately does 619 While the goal of this module is to be correct, that unfortunately does
577 not mean its bug-free, only that I think its design is bug-free. It is 620 not mean its bug-free, only that I think its design is bug-free. It is

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