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Revision 1.143 by root, Fri Oct 25 20:02:54 2013 UTC vs.
Revision 1.161 by root, Wed Nov 16 19:21:53 2016 UTC

101 101
102package JSON::XS; 102package JSON::XS;
103 103
104use common::sense; 104use common::sense;
105 105
106our $VERSION = 2.34; 106our $VERSION = 3.03;
107our @ISA = qw(Exporter); 107our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
108 108
109our @EXPORT = qw(encode_json decode_json); 109our @EXPORT = qw(encode_json decode_json);
110 110
111use Exporter; 111use Exporter;
112use XSLoader; 112use XSLoader;
113
114use Types::Serialiser ();
113 115
114=head1 FUNCTIONAL INTERFACE 116=head1 FUNCTIONAL INTERFACE
115 117
116The following convenience methods are provided by this module. They are 118The following convenience methods are provided by this module. They are
117exported by default: 119exported by default:
138This function call is functionally identical to: 140This function call is functionally identical to:
139 141
140 $perl_scalar = JSON::XS->new->utf8->decode ($json_text) 142 $perl_scalar = JSON::XS->new->utf8->decode ($json_text)
141 143
142Except being faster. 144Except being faster.
143
144=item $is_boolean = JSON::XS::is_bool $scalar
145
146Returns true if the passed scalar represents either JSON::XS::true or
147JSON::XS::false, two constants that act like C<1> and C<0>, respectively
148and are used to represent JSON C<true> and C<false> values in Perl.
149
150See MAPPING, below, for more information on how JSON values are mapped to
151Perl.
152 145
153=back 146=back
154 147
155 148
156=head1 A FEW NOTES ON UNICODE AND PERL 149=head1 A FEW NOTES ON UNICODE AND PERL
411 [ 404 [
412 1, # this comment not allowed in JSON 405 1, # this comment not allowed in JSON
413 # neither this one... 406 # neither this one...
414 ] 407 ]
415 408
409=item * literal ASCII TAB characters in strings
410
411Literal ASCII TAB characters are now allowed in strings (and treated as
412C<\t>).
413
414 [
415 "Hello\tWorld",
416 "Hello<TAB>World", # literal <TAB> would not normally be allowed
417 ]
418
416=back 419=back
417 420
418=item $json = $json->canonical ([$enable]) 421=item $json = $json->canonical ([$enable])
419 422
420=item $enabled = $json->get_canonical 423=item $enabled = $json->get_canonical
474 477
475=item $json = $json->allow_blessed ([$enable]) 478=item $json = $json->allow_blessed ([$enable])
476 479
477=item $enabled = $json->get_allow_blessed 480=item $enabled = $json->get_allow_blessed
478 481
482See L<OBJECT SERIALISATION> for details.
483
479If C<$enable> is true (or missing), then the C<encode> method will not 484If C<$enable> is true (or missing), then the C<encode> method will not
480barf when it encounters a blessed reference. Instead, the value of the 485barf when it encounters a blessed reference that it cannot convert
481B<convert_blessed> option will decide whether C<null> (C<convert_blessed> 486otherwise. Instead, a JSON C<null> value is encoded instead of the object.
482disabled or no C<TO_JSON> method found) or a representation of the
483object (C<convert_blessed> enabled and C<TO_JSON> method found) is being
484encoded. Has no effect on C<decode>.
485 487
486If C<$enable> is false (the default), then C<encode> will throw an 488If C<$enable> is false (the default), then C<encode> will throw an
487exception when it encounters a blessed object. 489exception when it encounters a blessed object that it cannot convert
490otherwise.
491
492This setting has no effect on C<decode>.
488 493
489=item $json = $json->convert_blessed ([$enable]) 494=item $json = $json->convert_blessed ([$enable])
490 495
491=item $enabled = $json->get_convert_blessed 496=item $enabled = $json->get_convert_blessed
497
498See L<OBJECT SERIALISATION> for details.
492 499
493If C<$enable> is true (or missing), then C<encode>, upon encountering a 500If C<$enable> is true (or missing), then C<encode>, upon encountering a
494blessed object, will check for the availability of the C<TO_JSON> method 501blessed object, will check for the availability of the C<TO_JSON> method
495on the object's class. If found, it will be called in scalar context 502on the object's class. If found, it will be called in scalar context and
496and the resulting scalar will be encoded instead of the object. If no 503the resulting scalar will be encoded instead of the object.
497C<TO_JSON> method is found, the value of C<allow_blessed> will decide what
498to do.
499 504
500The C<TO_JSON> method may safely call die if it wants. If C<TO_JSON> 505The C<TO_JSON> method may safely call die if it wants. If C<TO_JSON>
501returns other blessed objects, those will be handled in the same 506returns other blessed objects, those will be handled in the same
502way. C<TO_JSON> must take care of not causing an endless recursion cycle 507way. C<TO_JSON> must take care of not causing an endless recursion cycle
503(== crash) in this case. The name of C<TO_JSON> was chosen because other 508(== crash) in this case. The name of C<TO_JSON> was chosen because other
504methods called by the Perl core (== not by the user of the object) are 509methods called by the Perl core (== not by the user of the object) are
505usually in upper case letters and to avoid collisions with any C<to_json> 510usually in upper case letters and to avoid collisions with any C<to_json>
506function or method. 511function or method.
507 512
508This setting does not yet influence C<decode> in any way, but in the 513If C<$enable> is false (the default), then C<encode> will not consider
509future, global hooks might get installed that influence C<decode> and are 514this type of conversion.
510enabled by this setting.
511 515
512If C<$enable> is false, then the C<allow_blessed> setting will decide what 516This setting has no effect on C<decode>.
513to do when a blessed object is found. 517
518=item $json = $json->allow_tags ([$enable])
519
520=item $enabled = $json->allow_tags
521
522See L<OBJECT SERIALISATION> for details.
523
524If C<$enable> is true (or missing), then C<encode>, upon encountering a
525blessed object, will check for the availability of the C<FREEZE> method on
526the object's class. If found, it will be used to serialise the object into
527a nonstandard tagged JSON value (that JSON decoders cannot decode).
528
529It also causes C<decode> to parse such tagged JSON values and deserialise
530them via a call to the C<THAW> method.
531
532If C<$enable> is false (the default), then C<encode> will not consider
533this type of conversion, and tagged JSON values will cause a parse error
534in C<decode>, as if tags were not part of the grammar.
514 535
515=item $json = $json->filter_json_object ([$coderef->($hashref)]) 536=item $json = $json->filter_json_object ([$coderef->($hashref)])
516 537
517When C<$coderef> is specified, it will be called from C<decode> each 538When C<$coderef> is specified, it will be called from C<decode> each
518time it decodes a JSON object. The only argument is a reference to the 539time it decodes a JSON object. The only argument is a reference to the
676 697
677This is useful if your JSON texts are not delimited by an outer protocol 698This is useful if your JSON texts are not delimited by an outer protocol
678and you need to know where the JSON text ends. 699and you need to know where the JSON text ends.
679 700
680 JSON::XS->new->decode_prefix ("[1] the tail") 701 JSON::XS->new->decode_prefix ("[1] the tail")
681 => ([], 3) 702 => ([1], 3)
682 703
683=back 704=back
684 705
685 706
686=head1 INCREMENTAL PARSING 707=head1 INCREMENTAL PARSING
727C<incr_skip> to skip the erroneous part). This is the most common way of 748C<incr_skip> to skip the erroneous part). This is the most common way of
728using the method. 749using the method.
729 750
730And finally, in list context, it will try to extract as many objects 751And finally, in list context, it will try to extract as many objects
731from the stream as it can find and return them, or the empty list 752from the stream as it can find and return them, or the empty list
732otherwise. For this to work, there must be no separators between the JSON 753otherwise. For this to work, there must be no separators (other than
733objects or arrays, instead they must be concatenated back-to-back. If 754whitespace) between the JSON objects or arrays, instead they must be
734an error occurs, an exception will be raised as in the scalar context 755concatenated back-to-back. If an error occurs, an exception will be
735case. Note that in this case, any previously-parsed JSON texts will be 756raised as in the scalar context case. Note that in this case, any
736lost. 757previously-parsed JSON texts will be lost.
737 758
738Example: Parse some JSON arrays/objects in a given string and return 759Example: Parse some JSON arrays/objects in a given string and return
739them. 760them.
740 761
741 my @objs = JSON::XS->new->incr_parse ("[5][7][1,2]"); 762 my @objs = JSON::XS->new->incr_parse ("[5][7][1,2]");
747C<incr_parse> in I<scalar context> successfully returned an object. Under 768C<incr_parse> in I<scalar context> successfully returned an object. Under
748all other circumstances you must not call this function (I mean it. 769all other circumstances you must not call this function (I mean it.
749although in simple tests it might actually work, it I<will> fail under 770although in simple tests it might actually work, it I<will> fail under
750real world conditions). As a special exception, you can also call this 771real world conditions). As a special exception, you can also call this
751method before having parsed anything. 772method before having parsed anything.
773
774That means you can only use this function to look at or manipulate text
775before or after complete JSON objects, not while the parser is in the
776middle of parsing a JSON object.
752 777
753This function is useful in two cases: a) finding the trailing text after a 778This function is useful in two cases: a) finding the trailing text after a
754JSON object or b) parsing multiple JSON objects separated by non-JSON text 779JSON object or b) parsing multiple JSON objects separated by non-JSON text
755(such as commas). 780(such as commas).
756 781
983floating point, JSON::XS only guarantees precision up to but not including 1008floating point, JSON::XS only guarantees precision up to but not including
984the least significant bit. 1009the least significant bit.
985 1010
986=item true, false 1011=item true, false
987 1012
988These JSON atoms become C<JSON::XS::true> and C<JSON::XS::false>, 1013These JSON atoms become C<Types::Serialiser::true> and
989respectively. They are overloaded to act almost exactly like the numbers 1014C<Types::Serialiser::false>, respectively. They are overloaded to act
990C<1> and C<0>. You can check whether a scalar is a JSON boolean by using 1015almost exactly like the numbers C<1> and C<0>. You can check whether
991the C<JSON::XS::is_bool> function. 1016a scalar is a JSON boolean by using the C<Types::Serialiser::is_bool>
1017function (after C<use Types::Serialier>, of course).
992 1018
993=item null 1019=item null
994 1020
995A JSON null atom becomes C<undef> in Perl. 1021A JSON null atom becomes C<undef> in Perl.
1022
1023=item shell-style comments (C<< # I<text> >>)
1024
1025As a nonstandard extension to the JSON syntax that is enabled by the
1026C<relaxed> setting, shell-style comments are allowed. They can start
1027anywhere outside strings and go till the end of the line.
1028
1029=item tagged values (C<< (I<tag>)I<value> >>).
1030
1031Another nonstandard extension to the JSON syntax, enabled with the
1032C<allow_tags> setting, are tagged values. In this implementation, the
1033I<tag> must be a perl package/class name encoded as a JSON string, and the
1034I<value> must be a JSON array encoding optional constructor arguments.
1035
1036See L<OBJECT SERIALISATION>, below, for details.
996 1037
997=back 1038=back
998 1039
999 1040
1000=head2 PERL -> JSON 1041=head2 PERL -> JSON
1021 1062
1022=item other references 1063=item other references
1023 1064
1024Other unblessed references are generally not allowed and will cause an 1065Other unblessed references are generally not allowed and will cause an
1025exception to be thrown, except for references to the integers C<0> and 1066exception to be thrown, except for references to the integers C<0> and
1026C<1>, which get turned into C<false> and C<true> atoms in JSON. You can 1067C<1>, which get turned into C<false> and C<true> atoms in JSON.
1027also use C<JSON::XS::false> and C<JSON::XS::true> to improve readability.
1028 1068
1069Since C<JSON::XS> uses the boolean model from L<Types::Serialiser>, you
1070can also C<use Types::Serialiser> and then use C<Types::Serialiser::false>
1071and C<Types::Serialiser::true> to improve readability.
1072
1073 use Types::Serialiser;
1029 encode_json [\0, JSON::XS::true] # yields [false,true] 1074 encode_json [\0, Types::Serialiser::true] # yields [false,true]
1030 1075
1031=item JSON::XS::true, JSON::XS::false 1076=item Types::Serialiser::true, Types::Serialiser::false
1032 1077
1033These special values become JSON true and JSON false values, 1078These special values from the L<Types::Serialiser> module become JSON true
1034respectively. You can also use C<\1> and C<\0> directly if you want. 1079and JSON false values, respectively. You can also use C<\1> and C<\0>
1080directly if you want.
1035 1081
1036=item blessed objects 1082=item blessed objects
1037 1083
1038Blessed objects are not directly representable in JSON. See the 1084Blessed objects are not directly representable in JSON, but C<JSON::XS>
1039C<allow_blessed> and C<convert_blessed> methods on various options on 1085allows various ways of handling objects. See L<OBJECT SERIALISATION>,
1040how to deal with this: basically, you can choose between throwing an 1086below, for details.
1041exception, encoding the reference as if it weren't blessed, or provide
1042your own serialiser method.
1043 1087
1044=item simple scalars 1088=item simple scalars
1045 1089
1046Simple Perl scalars (any scalar that is not a reference) are the most 1090Simple Perl scalars (any scalar that is not a reference) are the most
1047difficult objects to encode: JSON::XS will encode undefined scalars as 1091difficult objects to encode: JSON::XS will encode undefined scalars as
1083extensions to the floating point numbers of your platform, such as 1127extensions to the floating point numbers of your platform, such as
1084infinities or NaN's - these cannot be represented in JSON, and it is an 1128infinities or NaN's - these cannot be represented in JSON, and it is an
1085error to pass those in. 1129error to pass those in.
1086 1130
1087=back 1131=back
1132
1133=head2 OBJECT SERIALISATION
1134
1135As JSON cannot directly represent Perl objects, you have to choose between
1136a pure JSON representation (without the ability to deserialise the object
1137automatically again), and a nonstandard extension to the JSON syntax,
1138tagged values.
1139
1140=head3 SERIALISATION
1141
1142What happens when C<JSON::XS> encounters a Perl object depends on the
1143C<allow_blessed>, C<convert_blessed> and C<allow_tags> settings, which are
1144used in this order:
1145
1146=over 4
1147
1148=item 1. C<allow_tags> is enabled and the object has a C<FREEZE> method.
1149
1150In this case, C<JSON::XS> uses the L<Types::Serialiser> object
1151serialisation protocol to create a tagged JSON value, using a nonstandard
1152extension to the JSON syntax.
1153
1154This works by invoking the C<FREEZE> method on the object, with the first
1155argument being the object to serialise, and the second argument being the
1156constant string C<JSON> to distinguish it from other serialisers.
1157
1158The C<FREEZE> method can return any number of values (i.e. zero or
1159more). These values and the paclkage/classname of the object will then be
1160encoded as a tagged JSON value in the following format:
1161
1162 ("classname")[FREEZE return values...]
1163
1164e.g.:
1165
1166 ("URI")["http://www.google.com/"]
1167 ("MyDate")[2013,10,29]
1168 ("ImageData::JPEG")["Z3...VlCg=="]
1169
1170For example, the hypothetical C<My::Object> C<FREEZE> method might use the
1171objects C<type> and C<id> members to encode the object:
1172
1173 sub My::Object::FREEZE {
1174 my ($self, $serialiser) = @_;
1175
1176 ($self->{type}, $self->{id})
1177 }
1178
1179=item 2. C<convert_blessed> is enabled and the object has a C<TO_JSON> method.
1180
1181In this case, the C<TO_JSON> method of the object is invoked in scalar
1182context. It must return a single scalar that can be directly encoded into
1183JSON. This scalar replaces the object in the JSON text.
1184
1185For example, the following C<TO_JSON> method will convert all L<URI>
1186objects to JSON strings when serialised. The fatc that these values
1187originally were L<URI> objects is lost.
1188
1189 sub URI::TO_JSON {
1190 my ($uri) = @_;
1191 $uri->as_string
1192 }
1193
1194=item 3. C<allow_blessed> is enabled.
1195
1196The object will be serialised as a JSON null value.
1197
1198=item 4. none of the above
1199
1200If none of the settings are enabled or the respective methods are missing,
1201C<JSON::XS> throws an exception.
1202
1203=back
1204
1205=head3 DESERIALISATION
1206
1207For deserialisation there are only two cases to consider: either
1208nonstandard tagging was used, in which case C<allow_tags> decides,
1209or objects cannot be automatically be deserialised, in which
1210case you can use postprocessing or the C<filter_json_object> or
1211C<filter_json_single_key_object> callbacks to get some real objects our of
1212your JSON.
1213
1214This section only considers the tagged value case: I a tagged JSON object
1215is encountered during decoding and C<allow_tags> is disabled, a parse
1216error will result (as if tagged values were not part of the grammar).
1217
1218If C<allow_tags> is enabled, C<JSON::XS> will look up the C<THAW> method
1219of the package/classname used during serialisation (it will not attempt
1220to load the package as a Perl module). If there is no such method, the
1221decoding will fail with an error.
1222
1223Otherwise, the C<THAW> method is invoked with the classname as first
1224argument, the constant string C<JSON> as second argument, and all the
1225values from the JSON array (the values originally returned by the
1226C<FREEZE> method) as remaining arguments.
1227
1228The method must then return the object. While technically you can return
1229any Perl scalar, you might have to enable the C<enable_nonref> setting to
1230make that work in all cases, so better return an actual blessed reference.
1231
1232As an example, let's implement a C<THAW> function that regenerates the
1233C<My::Object> from the C<FREEZE> example earlier:
1234
1235 sub My::Object::THAW {
1236 my ($class, $serialiser, $type, $id) = @_;
1237
1238 $class->new (type => $type, id => $id)
1239 }
1088 1240
1089 1241
1090=head1 ENCODING/CODESET FLAG NOTES 1242=head1 ENCODING/CODESET FLAG NOTES
1091 1243
1092The interested reader might have seen a number of flags that signify 1244The interested reader might have seen a number of flags that signify
1415are browser design bugs, but it is still you who will have to deal with 1567are browser design bugs, but it is still you who will have to deal with
1416it, as major browser developers care only for features, not about getting 1568it, as major browser developers care only for features, not about getting
1417security right). 1569security right).
1418 1570
1419 1571
1572=head1 "OLD" VS. "NEW" JSON (RFC 4627 VS. RFC 7159)
1573
1574TL;DR: Due to security concerns, JSON::XS will not allow scalar data in
1575JSON texts by default - you need to create your own JSON::XS object and
1576enable C<allow_nonref>:
1577
1578
1579 my $json = JSON::XS->new->allow_nonref;
1580
1581 $text = $json->encode ($data);
1582 $data = $json->decode ($text);
1583
1584The long version: JSON being an important and supposedly stable format,
1585the IETF standardised it as RFC 4627 in 2006. Unfortunately, the inventor
1586of JSON, Dougles Crockford, unilaterally changed the definition of JSON in
1587javascript. Rather than create a fork, the IETF decided to standardise the
1588new syntax (apparently, so Iw as told, without finding it very amusing).
1589
1590The biggest difference between thed original JSON and the new JSON is that
1591the new JSON supports scalars (anything other than arrays and objects) at
1592the toplevel of a JSON text. While this is strictly backwards compatible
1593to older versions, it breaks a number of protocols that relied on sending
1594JSON back-to-back, and is a minor security concern.
1595
1596For example, imagine you have two banks communicating, and on one side,
1597trhe JSON coder gets upgraded. Two messages, such as C<10> and C<1000>
1598might then be confused to mean C<101000>, something that couldn't happen
1599in the original JSON, because niether of these messages would be valid
1600JSON.
1601
1602If one side accepts these messages, then an upgrade in the coder on either
1603side could result in this becoming exploitable.
1604
1605This module has always allowed these messages as an optional extension, by
1606default disabled. The security concerns are the reason why the default is
1607still disabled, but future versions might/will likely upgrade to the newer
1608RFC as default format, so you are advised to check your implementation
1609and/or override the default with C<< ->allow_nonref (0) >> to ensure that
1610future versions are safe.
1611
1612
1613=head1 INTEROPERABILITY WITH OTHER MODULES
1614
1615C<JSON::XS> uses the L<Types::Serialiser> module to provide boolean
1616constants. That means that the JSON true and false values will be
1617comaptible to true and false values of other modules that do the same,
1618such as L<JSON::PP> and L<CBOR::XS>.
1619
1620
1621=head1 INTEROPERABILITY WITH OTHER JSON DECODERS
1622
1623As long as you only serialise data that can be directly expressed in JSON,
1624C<JSON::XS> is incapable of generating invalid JSON output (modulo bugs,
1625but C<JSON::XS> has found more bugs in the official JSON testsuite (1)
1626than the official JSON testsuite has found in C<JSON::XS> (0)).
1627
1628When you have trouble decoding JSON generated by this module using other
1629decoders, then it is very likely that you have an encoding mismatch or the
1630other decoder is broken.
1631
1632When decoding, C<JSON::XS> is strict by default and will likely catch all
1633errors. There are currently two settings that change this: C<relaxed>
1634makes C<JSON::XS> accept (but not generate) some non-standard extensions,
1635and C<allow_tags> will allow you to encode and decode Perl objects, at the
1636cost of not outputting valid JSON anymore.
1637
1638=head2 TAGGED VALUE SYNTAX AND STANDARD JSON EN/DECODERS
1639
1640When you use C<allow_tags> to use the extended (and also nonstandard and
1641invalid) JSON syntax for serialised objects, and you still want to decode
1642the generated When you want to serialise objects, you can run a regex
1643to replace the tagged syntax by standard JSON arrays (it only works for
1644"normal" package names without comma, newlines or single colons). First,
1645the readable Perl version:
1646
1647 # if your FREEZE methods return no values, you need this replace first:
1648 $json =~ s/\( \s* (" (?: [^\\":,]+|\\.|::)* ") \s* \) \s* \[\s*\]/[$1]/gx;
1649
1650 # this works for non-empty constructor arg lists:
1651 $json =~ s/\( \s* (" (?: [^\\":,]+|\\.|::)* ") \s* \) \s* \[/[$1,/gx;
1652
1653And here is a less readable version that is easy to adapt to other
1654languages:
1655
1656 $json =~ s/\(\s*("([^\\":,]+|\\.|::)*")\s*\)\s*\[/[$1,/g;
1657
1658Here is an ECMAScript version (same regex):
1659
1660 json = json.replace (/\(\s*("([^\\":,]+|\\.|::)*")\s*\)\s*\[/g, "[$1,");
1661
1662Since this syntax converts to standard JSON arrays, it might be hard to
1663distinguish serialised objects from normal arrays. You can prepend a
1664"magic number" as first array element to reduce chances of a collision:
1665
1666 $json =~ s/\(\s*("([^\\":,]+|\\.|::)*")\s*\)\s*\[/["XU1peReLzT4ggEllLanBYq4G9VzliwKF",$1,/g;
1667
1668And after decoding the JSON text, you could walk the data
1669structure looking for arrays with a first element of
1670C<XU1peReLzT4ggEllLanBYq4G9VzliwKF>.
1671
1672The same approach can be used to create the tagged format with another
1673encoder. First, you create an array with the magic string as first member,
1674the classname as second, and constructor arguments last, encode it as part
1675of your JSON structure, and then:
1676
1677 $json =~ s/\[\s*"XU1peReLzT4ggEllLanBYq4G9VzliwKF"\s*,\s*("([^\\":,]+|\\.|::)*")\s*,/($1)[/g;
1678
1679Again, this has some limitations - the magic string must not be encoded
1680with character escapes, and the constructor arguments must be non-empty.
1681
1682
1683=head1 RFC7159
1684
1685Since this module was written, Google has written a new JSON RFC, RFC 7159
1686(and RFC7158). Unfortunately, this RFC breaks compatibility with both the
1687original JSON specification on www.json.org and RFC4627.
1688
1689As far as I can see, you can get partial compatibility when parsing by
1690using C<< ->allow_nonref >>. However, consider the security implications
1691of doing so.
1692
1693I haven't decided yet when to break compatibility with RFC4627 by default
1694(and potentially leave applications insecure) and change the default to
1695follow RFC7159, but application authors are well advised to call C<<
1696->allow_nonref(0) >> even if this is the current default, if they cannot
1697handle non-reference values, in preparation for the day when the default
1698will change.
1699
1700
1420=head1 THREADS 1701=head1 THREADS
1421 1702
1422This module is I<not> guaranteed to be thread safe and there are no 1703This module is I<not> guaranteed to be thread safe and there are no
1423plans to change this until Perl gets thread support (as opposed to the 1704plans to change this until Perl gets thread support (as opposed to the
1424horribly slow so-called "threads" which are simply slow and bloated 1705horribly slow so-called "threads" which are simply slow and bloated
1454Please refrain from using rt.cpan.org or any other bug reporting 1735Please refrain from using rt.cpan.org or any other bug reporting
1455service. I put the contact address into my modules for a reason. 1736service. I put the contact address into my modules for a reason.
1456 1737
1457=cut 1738=cut
1458 1739
1459our $true = do { bless \(my $dummy = 1), "JSON::XS::Boolean" }; 1740BEGIN {
1460our $false = do { bless \(my $dummy = 0), "JSON::XS::Boolean" }; 1741 *true = \$Types::Serialiser::true;
1742 *true = \&Types::Serialiser::true;
1743 *false = \$Types::Serialiser::false;
1744 *false = \&Types::Serialiser::false;
1745 *is_bool = \&Types::Serialiser::is_bool;
1461 1746
1462sub true() { $true } 1747 *JSON::XS::Boolean:: = *Types::Serialiser::Boolean::;
1463sub false() { $false }
1464
1465sub is_bool($) {
1466 UNIVERSAL::isa $_[0], "JSON::XS::Boolean"
1467# or UNIVERSAL::isa $_[0], "JSON::Literal"
1468} 1748}
1469 1749
1470XSLoader::load "JSON::XS", $VERSION; 1750XSLoader::load "JSON::XS", $VERSION;
1471
1472package JSON::XS::Boolean;
1473
1474use overload
1475 "0+" => sub { ${$_[0]} },
1476 "++" => sub { $_[0] = ${$_[0]} + 1 },
1477 "--" => sub { $_[0] = ${$_[0]} - 1 },
1478 fallback => 1;
1479
14801;
1481 1751
1482=head1 SEE ALSO 1752=head1 SEE ALSO
1483 1753
1484The F<json_xs> command line utility for quick experiments. 1754The F<json_xs> command line utility for quick experiments.
1485 1755
1488 Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> 1758 Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
1489 http://home.schmorp.de/ 1759 http://home.schmorp.de/
1490 1760
1491=cut 1761=cut
1492 1762
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