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1.1 |
=head1 NAME |
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AnyEvent::MP - multi-processing/message-passing framework |
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=head1 SYNOPSIS |
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use AnyEvent::MP; |
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1.22 |
$NODE # contains this node's noderef |
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NODE # returns this node's noderef |
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NODE $port # returns the noderef of the port |
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snd $port, type => data...; |
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$SELF # receiving/own port id in rcv callbacks |
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rcv $port, smartmatch => $cb->($port, @msg); |
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# examples: |
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rcv $port2, ping => sub { snd $_[0], "pong"; 0 }; |
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rcv $port1, pong => sub { warn "pong received\n" }; |
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snd $port2, ping => $port1; |
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# more, smarter, matches (_any_ is exported by this module) |
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rcv $port, [child_died => $pid] => sub { ... |
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rcv $port, [_any_, _any_, 3] => sub { .. $_[2] is 3 |
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1.1 |
=head1 DESCRIPTION |
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This module (-family) implements a simple message passing framework. |
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Despite its simplicity, you can securely message other processes running |
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on the same or other hosts. |
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1.23 |
For an introduction to this module family, see the L<AnyEvent::MP::Intro> |
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manual page. |
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At the moment, this module family is severly broken and underdocumented, |
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1.21 |
so do not use. This was uploaded mainly to reserve the CPAN namespace - |
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1.23 |
stay tuned! The basic API should be finished, however. |
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1.6 |
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1.2 |
=head1 CONCEPTS |
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=over 4 |
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=item port |
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A port is something you can send messages to with the C<snd> function, and |
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you can register C<rcv> handlers with. All C<rcv> handlers will receive |
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messages they match, messages will not be queued. |
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=item port id - C<noderef#portname> |
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|
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A port id is always the noderef, a hash-mark (C<#>) as separator, followed |
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by a port name (a printable string of unspecified format). |
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=item node |
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A node is a single process containing at least one port - the node |
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port. You can send messages to node ports to let them create new ports, |
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among other things. |
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Initially, nodes are either private (single-process only) or hidden |
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1.3 |
(connected to a master node only). Only when they epxlicitly "become |
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public" can you send them messages from unrelated other nodes. |
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=item noderef - C<host:port,host:port...>, C<id@noderef>, C<id> |
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A noderef is a string that either uniquely identifies a given node (for |
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private and hidden nodes), or contains a recipe on how to reach a given |
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node (for public nodes). |
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=back |
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1.3 |
=head1 VARIABLES/FUNCTIONS |
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=over 4 |
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1.1 |
=cut |
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package AnyEvent::MP; |
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1.8 |
use AnyEvent::MP::Base; |
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1.2 |
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1.1 |
use common::sense; |
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1.2 |
use Carp (); |
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1.1 |
use AE (); |
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use base "Exporter"; |
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1.25 |
our $VERSION = '0.1'; |
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our @EXPORT = qw( |
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1.22 |
NODE $NODE *SELF node_of _any_ |
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become_slave become_public |
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1.22 |
snd rcv mon kil reg psub |
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port |
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); |
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our $SELF; |
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sub _self_die() { |
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my $msg = $@; |
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$msg =~ s/\n+$// unless ref $msg; |
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kil $SELF, die => $msg; |
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} |
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=item $thisnode = NODE / $NODE |
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The C<NODE> function returns, and the C<$NODE> variable contains |
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the noderef of the local node. The value is initialised by a call |
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to C<become_public> or C<become_slave>, after which all local port |
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identifiers become invalid. |
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=item $noderef = node_of $portid |
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Extracts and returns the noderef from a portid or a noderef. |
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=item $SELF |
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Contains the current port id while executing C<rcv> callbacks or C<psub> |
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blocks. |
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1.3 |
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1.22 |
=item SELF, %SELF, @SELF... |
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Due to some quirks in how perl exports variables, it is impossible to |
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just export C<$SELF>, all the symbols called C<SELF> are exported by this |
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module, but only C<$SELF> is currently used. |
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=item snd $portid, type => @data |
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=item snd $portid, @msg |
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Send the given message to the given port ID, which can identify either |
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a local or a remote port, and can be either a string or soemthignt hat |
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stringifies a sa port ID (such as a port object :). |
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While the message can be about anything, it is highly recommended to use a |
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string as first element (a portid, or some word that indicates a request |
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type etc.). |
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1.3 |
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The message data effectively becomes read-only after a call to this |
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function: modifying any argument is not allowed and can cause many |
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problems. |
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The type of data you can transfer depends on the transport protocol: when |
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JSON is used, then only strings, numbers and arrays and hashes consisting |
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of those are allowed (no objects). When Storable is used, then anything |
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that Storable can serialise and deserialise is allowed, and for the local |
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node, anything can be passed. |
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=item kil $portid[, @reason] |
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Kill the specified port with the given C<@reason>. |
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If no C<@reason> is specified, then the port is killed "normally" (linked |
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ports will not be kileld, or even notified). |
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Otherwise, linked ports get killed with the same reason (second form of |
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C<mon>, see below). |
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Runtime errors while evaluating C<rcv> callbacks or inside C<psub> blocks |
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will be reported as reason C<< die => $@ >>. |
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Transport/communication errors are reported as C<< transport_error => |
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$message >>. |
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=item $guard = mon $portid, $cb->(@reason) |
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1.18 |
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1.21 |
=item $guard = mon $portid, $otherport |
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=item $guard = mon $portid, $otherport, @msg |
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1.22 |
Monitor the given port and do something when the port is killed. |
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In the first form, the callback is simply called with any number |
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of C<@reason> elements (no @reason means that the port was deleted |
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"normally"). Note also that I<< the callback B<must> never die >>, so use |
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C<eval> if unsure. |
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In the second form, the other port will be C<kil>'ed with C<@reason>, iff |
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a @reason was specified, i.e. on "normal" kils nothing happens, while |
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under all other conditions, the other port is killed with the same reason. |
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1.20 |
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1.22 |
In the last form, a message of the form C<@msg, @reason> will be C<snd>. |
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Example: call a given callback when C<$port> is killed. |
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mon $port, sub { warn "port died because of <@_>\n" }; |
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Example: kill ourselves when C<$port> is killed abnormally. |
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mon $port, $self; |
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Example: send us a restart message another C<$port> is killed. |
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mon $port, $self => "restart"; |
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1.18 |
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=cut |
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sub mon { |
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1.21 |
my ($noderef, $port, $cb) = ((split /#/, shift, 2), shift); |
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1.18 |
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1.22 |
my $node = $NODE{$noderef} || add_node $noderef; |
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1.18 |
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1.21 |
#TODO: ports must not be references |
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if (!ref $cb or "AnyEvent::MP::Port" eq ref $cb) { |
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if (@_) { |
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# send a kill info message |
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my (@msg) = ($cb, @_); |
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$cb = sub { snd @msg, @_ }; |
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} else { |
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# simply kill other port |
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my $port = $cb; |
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1.22 |
$cb = sub { kil $port, @_ if @_ }; |
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1.21 |
} |
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} |
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1.18 |
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$node->monitor ($port, $cb); |
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defined wantarray |
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and AnyEvent::Util::guard { $node->unmonitor ($port, $cb) } |
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} |
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1.21 |
=item $guard = mon_guard $port, $ref, $ref... |
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Monitors the given C<$port> and keeps the passed references. When the port |
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is killed, the references will be freed. |
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Optionally returns a guard that will stop the monitoring. |
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This function is useful when you create e.g. timers or other watchers and |
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want to free them when the port gets killed: |
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$port->rcv (start => sub { |
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my $timer; $timer = mon_guard $port, AE::timer 1, 1, sub { |
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undef $timer if 0.9 < rand; |
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}); |
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}); |
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=cut |
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sub mon_guard { |
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my ($port, @refs) = @_; |
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mon $port, sub { 0 && @refs } |
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} |
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1.24 |
=item lnk $port1, $port2 |
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Link two ports. This is simply a shorthand for: |
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mon $port1, $port2; |
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mon $port2, $port1; |
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It means that if either one is killed abnormally, the other one gets |
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killed as well. |
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1.22 |
=item $local_port = port |
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1.2 |
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1.22 |
Create a new local port object that supports message matching. |
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1.3 |
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1.22 |
=item $portid = port { my @msg = @_; $finished } |
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1.10 |
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1.15 |
Creates a "mini port", that is, a very lightweight port without any |
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pattern matching behind it, and returns its ID. |
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The block will be called for every message received on the port. When the |
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callback returns a true value its job is considered "done" and the port |
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will be destroyed. Otherwise it will stay alive. |
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1.17 |
The message will be passed as-is, no extra argument (i.e. no port id) will |
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1.15 |
be passed to the callback. |
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If you need the local port id in the callback, this works nicely: |
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my $port; $port = miniport { |
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snd $otherport, reply => $port; |
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}; |
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1.10 |
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=cut |
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1.22 |
sub port(;&) { |
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my $id = "$UNIQ." . $ID++; |
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my $port = "$NODE#$id"; |
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if (@_) { |
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my $cb = shift; |
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$PORT{$id} = sub { |
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local $SELF = $port; |
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eval { |
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&$cb |
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and kil $id; |
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}; |
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_self_die if $@; |
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}; |
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} else { |
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my $self = bless { |
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id => "$NODE#$id", |
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}, "AnyEvent::MP::Port"; |
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$PORT_DATA{$id} = $self; |
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$PORT{$id} = sub { |
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local $SELF = $port; |
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eval { |
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for (@{ $self->{rc0}{$_[0]} }) { |
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$_ && &{$_->[0]} |
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&& undef $_; |
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} |
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for (@{ $self->{rcv}{$_[0]} }) { |
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$_ && [@_[1 .. @{$_->[1]}]] ~~ $_->[1] |
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&& &{$_->[0]} |
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&& undef $_; |
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} |
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for (@{ $self->{any} }) { |
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$_ && [@_[0 .. $#{$_->[1]}]] ~~ $_->[1] |
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&& &{$_->[0]} |
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&& undef $_; |
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} |
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}; |
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_self_die if $@; |
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}; |
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} |
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1.10 |
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1.22 |
$port |
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1.10 |
} |
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1.22 |
=item reg $portid, $name |
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1.8 |
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1.22 |
Registers the given port under the name C<$name>. If the name already |
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exists it is replaced. |
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1.8 |
|
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1.22 |
A port can only be registered under one well known name. |
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1.8 |
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1.22 |
A port automatically becomes unregistered when it is killed. |
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1.8 |
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=cut |
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1.22 |
sub reg(@) { |
344 |
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my ($portid, $name) = @_; |
345 |
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1.8 |
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1.22 |
$REG{$name} = $portid; |
347 |
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} |
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1.18 |
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1.22 |
=item rcv $portid, tagstring => $callback->(@msg), ... |
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1.3 |
|
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1.22 |
=item rcv $portid, $smartmatch => $callback->(@msg), ... |
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1.3 |
|
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1.22 |
=item rcv $portid, [$smartmatch...] => $callback->(@msg), ... |
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1.3 |
|
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1.22 |
Register callbacks to be called on matching messages on the given port. |
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1.3 |
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The callback has to return a true value when its work is done, after |
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which is will be removed, or a false value in which case it will stay |
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registered. |
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1.22 |
The global C<$SELF> (exported by this module) contains C<$portid> while |
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executing the callback. |
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Runtime errors wdurign callback execution will result in the port being |
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C<kil>ed. |
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1.3 |
If the match is an array reference, then it will be matched against the |
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first elements of the message, otherwise only the first element is being |
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matched. |
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Any element in the match that is specified as C<_any_> (a function |
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exported by this module) matches any single element of the message. |
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While not required, it is highly recommended that the first matching |
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element is a string identifying the message. The one-string-only match is |
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also the most efficient match (by far). |
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=cut |
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sub rcv($@) { |
381 |
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1.22 |
my ($noderef, $port) = split /#/, shift, 2; |
382 |
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1.3 |
|
383 |
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1.22 |
($NODE{$noderef} || add_node $noderef) == $NODE{""} |
384 |
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or Carp::croak "$noderef#$port: rcv can only be called on local ports, caught"; |
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my $self = $PORT_DATA{$port} |
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|
or Carp::croak "$noderef#$port: rcv can only be called on message matching ports, caught"; |
388 |
|
|
|
389 |
|
|
"AnyEvent::MP::Port" eq ref $self |
390 |
|
|
or Carp::croak "$noderef#$port: rcv can only be called on message matching ports, caught"; |
391 |
|
|
|
392 |
|
|
while (@_) { |
393 |
|
|
my ($match, $cb) = splice @_, 0, 2; |
394 |
|
|
|
395 |
|
|
if (!ref $match) { |
396 |
|
|
push @{ $self->{rc0}{$match} }, [$cb]; |
397 |
|
|
} elsif (("ARRAY" eq ref $match && !ref $match->[0])) { |
398 |
|
|
my ($type, @match) = @$match; |
399 |
|
|
@match |
400 |
|
|
? push @{ $self->{rcv}{$match->[0]} }, [$cb, \@match] |
401 |
|
|
: push @{ $self->{rc0}{$match->[0]} }, [$cb]; |
402 |
|
|
} else { |
403 |
|
|
push @{ $self->{any} }, [$cb, $match]; |
404 |
|
|
} |
405 |
root |
1.3 |
} |
406 |
root |
1.2 |
} |
407 |
|
|
|
408 |
root |
1.22 |
=item $closure = psub { BLOCK } |
409 |
root |
1.2 |
|
410 |
root |
1.22 |
Remembers C<$SELF> and creates a closure out of the BLOCK. When the |
411 |
|
|
closure is executed, sets up the environment in the same way as in C<rcv> |
412 |
|
|
callbacks, i.e. runtime errors will cause the port to get C<kil>ed. |
413 |
|
|
|
414 |
|
|
This is useful when you register callbacks from C<rcv> callbacks: |
415 |
|
|
|
416 |
|
|
rcv delayed_reply => sub { |
417 |
|
|
my ($delay, @reply) = @_; |
418 |
|
|
my $timer = AE::timer $delay, 0, psub { |
419 |
|
|
snd @reply, $SELF; |
420 |
|
|
}; |
421 |
|
|
}; |
422 |
root |
1.3 |
|
423 |
root |
1.8 |
=cut |
424 |
root |
1.3 |
|
425 |
root |
1.22 |
sub psub(&) { |
426 |
|
|
my $cb = shift; |
427 |
root |
1.3 |
|
428 |
root |
1.22 |
my $port = $SELF |
429 |
|
|
or Carp::croak "psub can only be called from within rcv or psub callbacks, not"; |
430 |
root |
1.1 |
|
431 |
root |
1.22 |
sub { |
432 |
|
|
local $SELF = $port; |
433 |
root |
1.2 |
|
434 |
root |
1.22 |
if (wantarray) { |
435 |
|
|
my @res = eval { &$cb }; |
436 |
|
|
_self_die if $@; |
437 |
|
|
@res |
438 |
|
|
} else { |
439 |
|
|
my $res = eval { &$cb }; |
440 |
|
|
_self_die if $@; |
441 |
|
|
$res |
442 |
|
|
} |
443 |
|
|
} |
444 |
root |
1.2 |
} |
445 |
|
|
|
446 |
root |
1.8 |
=back |
447 |
|
|
|
448 |
|
|
=head1 FUNCTIONS FOR NODES |
449 |
|
|
|
450 |
|
|
=over 4 |
451 |
root |
1.2 |
|
452 |
root |
1.8 |
=item become_public endpoint... |
453 |
|
|
|
454 |
|
|
Tells the node to become a public node, i.e. reachable from other nodes. |
455 |
|
|
|
456 |
|
|
If no arguments are given, or the first argument is C<undef>, then |
457 |
|
|
AnyEvent::MP tries to bind on port C<4040> on all IP addresses that the |
458 |
|
|
local nodename resolves to. |
459 |
|
|
|
460 |
|
|
Otherwise the first argument must be an array-reference with transport |
461 |
|
|
endpoints ("ip:port", "hostname:port") or port numbers (in which case the |
462 |
|
|
local nodename is used as hostname). The endpoints are all resolved and |
463 |
|
|
will become the node reference. |
464 |
root |
1.2 |
|
465 |
root |
1.8 |
=cut |
466 |
root |
1.1 |
|
467 |
root |
1.4 |
=back |
468 |
|
|
|
469 |
|
|
=head1 NODE MESSAGES |
470 |
|
|
|
471 |
root |
1.5 |
Nodes understand the following messages sent to them. Many of them take |
472 |
|
|
arguments called C<@reply>, which will simply be used to compose a reply |
473 |
|
|
message - C<$reply[0]> is the port to reply to, C<$reply[1]> the type and |
474 |
|
|
the remaining arguments are simply the message data. |
475 |
root |
1.4 |
|
476 |
|
|
=over 4 |
477 |
|
|
|
478 |
|
|
=cut |
479 |
|
|
|
480 |
root |
1.22 |
=item lookup => $name, @reply |
481 |
root |
1.3 |
|
482 |
root |
1.8 |
Replies with the port ID of the specified well-known port, or C<undef>. |
483 |
root |
1.3 |
|
484 |
root |
1.7 |
=item devnull => ... |
485 |
|
|
|
486 |
|
|
Generic data sink/CPU heat conversion. |
487 |
|
|
|
488 |
root |
1.4 |
=item relay => $port, @msg |
489 |
|
|
|
490 |
|
|
Simply forwards the message to the given port. |
491 |
|
|
|
492 |
|
|
=item eval => $string[ @reply] |
493 |
|
|
|
494 |
|
|
Evaluates the given string. If C<@reply> is given, then a message of the |
495 |
root |
1.5 |
form C<@reply, $@, @evalres> is sent. |
496 |
|
|
|
497 |
|
|
Example: crash another node. |
498 |
|
|
|
499 |
|
|
snd $othernode, eval => "exit"; |
500 |
root |
1.4 |
|
501 |
|
|
=item time => @reply |
502 |
|
|
|
503 |
|
|
Replies the the current node time to C<@reply>. |
504 |
|
|
|
505 |
root |
1.5 |
Example: tell the current node to send the current time to C<$myport> in a |
506 |
|
|
C<timereply> message. |
507 |
|
|
|
508 |
|
|
snd $NODE, time => $myport, timereply => 1, 2; |
509 |
|
|
# => snd $myport, timereply => 1, 2, <time> |
510 |
|
|
|
511 |
root |
1.2 |
=back |
512 |
|
|
|
513 |
root |
1.1 |
=head1 SEE ALSO |
514 |
|
|
|
515 |
|
|
L<AnyEvent>. |
516 |
|
|
|
517 |
|
|
=head1 AUTHOR |
518 |
|
|
|
519 |
|
|
Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |
520 |
|
|
http://home.schmorp.de/ |
521 |
|
|
|
522 |
|
|
=cut |
523 |
|
|
|
524 |
|
|
1 |
525 |
|
|
|