… | |
… | |
14 | |
14 | |
15 | sub some_func : Coro { |
15 | sub some_func : Coro { |
16 | # some more async code |
16 | # some more async code |
17 | } |
17 | } |
18 | |
18 | |
19 | yield; |
19 | cede; |
20 | |
20 | |
21 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
21 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
22 | |
22 | |
23 | This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar to |
23 | This module collection manages coroutines. Coroutines are similar to |
24 | Threads but don't run in parallel. |
24 | Threads but don't run in parallel. |
25 | |
25 | |
26 | This module is still experimental, see the BUGS section below. |
26 | This module is still experimental, see the BUGS section below. |
27 | |
27 | |
28 | In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables |
28 | In this module, coroutines are defined as "callchain + lexical variables |
29 | + @_ + $_ + $@ + $^W), that is, a coroutine has it's own callchain, it's |
29 | + @_ + $_ + $@ + $^W + C stack), that is, a coroutine has it's own |
30 | own set of lexicals and it's own set of perl's most important global |
30 | callchain, it's own set of lexicals and it's own set of perl's most |
31 | variables. |
31 | important global variables. |
32 | |
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33 | WARNING: When using this module, make sure that, at program end, no |
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34 | coroutines are still running OR just call exit before falling off the |
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35 | end. The reason for this is that some coroutine of yours might have called |
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36 | into a C function, and falling off the end of main:: results in returning |
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37 | to that C function instead if to the main C interpreter. |
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38 | |
32 | |
39 | =cut |
33 | =cut |
40 | |
34 | |
41 | package Coro; |
35 | package Coro; |
42 | |
36 | |
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37 | no warnings qw(uninitialized); |
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38 | |
43 | use Coro::State; |
39 | use Coro::State; |
44 | |
40 | |
45 | use base Exporter; |
41 | use base Exporter; |
46 | |
42 | |
47 | $VERSION = 0.10; |
43 | $VERSION = 0.5; |
48 | |
44 | |
49 | @EXPORT = qw(async yield schedule terminate current); |
45 | @EXPORT = qw(async cede schedule terminate current); |
50 | @EXPORT_OK = qw($current); |
46 | %EXPORT_TAGS = ( |
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47 | prio => [qw(PRIO_MAX PRIO_HIGH PRIO_NORMAL PRIO_LOW PRIO_IDLE PRIO_MIN)], |
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48 | ); |
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49 | @EXPORT_OK = @{$EXPORT_TAGS{prio}}; |
51 | |
50 | |
52 | { |
51 | { |
53 | my @async; |
52 | my @async; |
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53 | my $init; |
54 | |
54 | |
55 | # this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;() |
55 | # this way of handling attributes simply is NOT scalable ;() |
56 | sub import { |
56 | sub import { |
57 | Coro->export_to_level(1, @_); |
57 | Coro->export_to_level(1, @_); |
58 | my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE}; |
58 | my $old = *{(caller)[0]."::MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES"}{CODE}; |
… | |
… | |
60 | my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift); |
60 | my ($package, $ref) = (shift, shift); |
61 | my @attrs; |
61 | my @attrs; |
62 | for (@_) { |
62 | for (@_) { |
63 | if ($_ eq "Coro") { |
63 | if ($_ eq "Coro") { |
64 | push @async, $ref; |
64 | push @async, $ref; |
|
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65 | unless ($init++) { |
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66 | eval q{ |
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67 | sub INIT { |
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68 | &async(pop @async) while @async; |
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69 | } |
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70 | }; |
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71 | } |
65 | } else { |
72 | } else { |
66 | push @attrs, $_; |
73 | push @attrs, $_; |
67 | } |
74 | } |
68 | } |
75 | } |
69 | return $old ? $old->($package, $ref, @attrs) : @attrs; |
76 | return $old ? $old->($package, $ref, @attrs) : @attrs; |
70 | }; |
77 | }; |
71 | } |
78 | } |
72 | |
79 | |
73 | sub INIT { |
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74 | &async(pop @async) while @async; |
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75 | } |
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76 | } |
80 | } |
77 | |
81 | |
78 | =item $main |
82 | =item $main |
79 | |
83 | |
80 | This coroutine represents the main program. |
84 | This coroutine represents the main program. |
… | |
… | |
109 | our $idle = new Coro sub { |
113 | our $idle = new Coro sub { |
110 | print STDERR "FATAL: deadlock detected\n"; |
114 | print STDERR "FATAL: deadlock detected\n"; |
111 | exit(51); |
115 | exit(51); |
112 | }; |
116 | }; |
113 | |
117 | |
114 | # we really need priorities... |
118 | # this coroutine is necessary because a coroutine |
115 | my @ready; # the ready queue. hehe, rather broken ;) |
119 | # cannot destroy itself. |
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120 | my @destroy; |
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121 | my $manager = new Coro sub { |
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122 | while() { |
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123 | delete ((pop @destroy)->{_coro_state}) while @destroy; |
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124 | &schedule; |
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125 | } |
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126 | }; |
116 | |
127 | |
117 | # static methods. not really. |
128 | # static methods. not really. |
118 | |
129 | |
119 | =head2 STATIC METHODS |
130 | =head2 STATIC METHODS |
120 | |
131 | |
… | |
… | |
138 | |
149 | |
139 | =cut |
150 | =cut |
140 | |
151 | |
141 | sub async(&@) { |
152 | sub async(&@) { |
142 | my $pid = new Coro @_; |
153 | my $pid = new Coro @_; |
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154 | $manager->ready; # this ensures that the stack is cloned from the manager |
143 | $pid->ready; |
155 | $pid->ready; |
144 | $pid; |
156 | $pid; |
145 | } |
157 | } |
146 | |
158 | |
147 | =item schedule |
159 | =item schedule |
… | |
… | |
150 | into the ready queue, so calling this function usually means you will |
162 | into the ready queue, so calling this function usually means you will |
151 | never be called again. |
163 | never be called again. |
152 | |
164 | |
153 | =cut |
165 | =cut |
154 | |
166 | |
155 | my $prev; |
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156 | |
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157 | sub schedule { |
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158 | # should be done using priorities :( |
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159 | ($prev, $current) = ($current, shift @ready || $idle); |
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160 | Coro::State::transfer($prev, $current); |
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161 | } |
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162 | |
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163 | =item yield |
167 | =item cede |
164 | |
168 | |
165 | Yield to other processes. This function puts the current process into the |
169 | "Cede" to other processes. This function puts the current process into the |
166 | ready queue and calls C<schedule>. |
170 | ready queue and calls C<schedule>, which has the effect of giving up the |
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171 | current "timeslice" to other coroutines of the same or higher priority. |
167 | |
172 | |
168 | =cut |
173 | =cut |
169 | |
174 | |
170 | sub yield { |
175 | =item terminate |
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176 | |
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177 | Terminates the current process. |
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178 | |
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179 | Future versions of this function will allow result arguments. |
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180 | |
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181 | =cut |
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182 | |
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183 | sub terminate { |
171 | $current->ready; |
184 | $current->cancel; |
172 | &schedule; |
185 | &schedule; |
173 | } |
186 | die; # NORETURN |
174 | |
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175 | =item terminate |
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176 | |
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177 | Terminates the current process. |
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178 | |
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179 | Future versions of this function will allow result arguments. |
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180 | |
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181 | =cut |
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182 | |
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183 | sub terminate { |
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184 | $current->{_results} = [@_]; |
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185 | delete $current->{_coro_state}; |
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186 | &schedule; |
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187 | } |
187 | } |
188 | |
188 | |
189 | =back |
189 | =back |
190 | |
190 | |
191 | # dynamic methods |
191 | # dynamic methods |
… | |
… | |
222 | |
222 | |
223 | Put the current process into the ready queue. |
223 | Put the current process into the ready queue. |
224 | |
224 | |
225 | =cut |
225 | =cut |
226 | |
226 | |
227 | sub ready { |
227 | =item $process->cancel |
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228 | |
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229 | Like C<terminate>, but terminates the specified process instead. |
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230 | |
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231 | =cut |
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232 | |
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233 | sub cancel { |
228 | push @ready, $_[0]; |
234 | push @destroy, $_[0]; |
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235 | $manager->ready; |
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236 | &schedule if $current == $_[0]; |
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237 | } |
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238 | |
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239 | =item $oldprio = $process->prio($newprio) |
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240 | |
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241 | Sets the priority of the process. Higher priority processes get run before |
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242 | lower priority processes. Priorities are smalled signed integer (currently |
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243 | -4 .. +3), that you can refer to using PRIO_xxx constants (use the import |
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244 | tag :prio to get then): |
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245 | |
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246 | PRIO_MAX > PRIO_HIGH > PRIO_NORMAL > PRIO_LOW > PRIO_IDLE > PRIO_MIN |
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247 | 3 > 1 > 0 > -1 > -3 > -4 |
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248 | |
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249 | # set priority to HIGH |
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250 | current->prio(PRIO_HIGH); |
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251 | |
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252 | The idle coroutine ($Coro::idle) always has a lower priority than any |
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253 | existing coroutine. |
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254 | |
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255 | Changing the priority of the current process will take effect immediately, |
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256 | but changing the priority of processes in the ready queue (but not |
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257 | running) will only take effect after the next schedule (of that |
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258 | process). This is a bug that will be fixed in some future version. |
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259 | |
|
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260 | =cut |
|
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261 | |
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262 | sub prio { |
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263 | my $old = $_[0]{prio}; |
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264 | $_[0]{prio} = $_[1] if @_ > 1; |
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265 | $old; |
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266 | } |
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267 | |
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268 | =item $newprio = $process->nice($change) |
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269 | |
|
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270 | Similar to C<prio>, but subtract the given value from the priority (i.e. |
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271 | higher values mean lower priority, just as in unix). |
|
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272 | |
|
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273 | =cut |
|
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274 | |
|
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275 | sub nice { |
|
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276 | $_[0]{prio} -= $_[1]; |
229 | } |
277 | } |
230 | |
278 | |
231 | =back |
279 | =back |
232 | |
280 | |
233 | =cut |
281 | =cut |
234 | |
282 | |
235 | 1; |
283 | 1; |
236 | |
284 | |
237 | =head1 BUGS/LIMITATIONS |
285 | =head1 BUGS/LIMITATIONS |
238 | |
286 | |
239 | - could be faster, especially when the core would introduce special |
287 | - you must make very sure that no coro is still active on global destruction. |
240 | support for coroutines (like it does for threads). |
288 | very bad things might happen otherwise (usually segfaults). |
241 | - there is still a memleak on coroutine termination that I could not |
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242 | identify. Could be as small as a single SV. |
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243 | - this module is not well-tested. |
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244 | - if variables or arguments "disappear" (become undef) or become |
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245 | corrupted please contact the author so he cen iron out the |
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246 | remaining bugs. |
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247 | - this module is not thread-safe. You must only ever use this module from |
289 | - this module is not thread-safe. You must only ever use this module from |
248 | the same thread (this requirement might be loosened in the future to |
290 | the same thread (this requirement might be loosened in the future to |
249 | allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow this). |
291 | allow per-thread schedulers, but Coro::State does not yet allow this). |
250 | |
292 | |
251 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
293 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
252 | |
294 | |
253 | L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Cont>, L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::Semaphore>, |
295 | L<Coro::Channel>, L<Coro::Cont>, L<Coro::Specific>, L<Coro::Semaphore>, |
254 | L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Event>. |
296 | L<Coro::Signal>, L<Coro::State>, L<Coro::Event>, L<Coro::RWLock>, |
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297 | L<Coro::Handle>, L<Coro::Socket>. |
255 | |
298 | |
256 | =head1 AUTHOR |
299 | =head1 AUTHOR |
257 | |
300 | |
258 | Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com> |
301 | Marc Lehmann <pcg@goof.com> |
259 | http://www.goof.com/pcg/marc/ |
302 | http://www.goof.com/pcg/marc/ |