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2 | |
2 | |
3 | EV - perl interface to libev, a high performance full-featured event loop |
3 | EV - perl interface to libev, a high performance full-featured event loop |
4 | |
4 | |
5 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
5 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
6 | |
6 | |
7 | use EV; |
7 | use EV; |
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8 | |
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9 | # TIMERS |
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10 | |
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11 | my $w = EV::timer 2, 0, sub { |
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12 | warn "is called after 2s"; |
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13 | }; |
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14 | |
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15 | my $w = EV::timer 2, 2, sub { |
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16 | warn "is called roughly every 2s (repeat = 2)"; |
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17 | }; |
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18 | |
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19 | undef $w; # destroy event watcher again |
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20 | |
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21 | my $w = EV::periodic 0, 60, 0, sub { |
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22 | warn "is called every minute, on the minute, exactly"; |
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23 | }; |
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24 | |
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25 | # IO |
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26 | |
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27 | my $w = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub { |
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28 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; # all callbacks receive the watcher and event mask |
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29 | warn "stdin is readable, you entered: ", <STDIN>; |
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30 | }; |
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31 | |
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32 | # SIGNALS |
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33 | |
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34 | my $w = EV::signal 'QUIT', sub { |
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35 | warn "sigquit received\n"; |
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36 | }; |
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37 | |
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38 | # CHILD/PID STATUS CHANGES |
8 | |
39 | |
9 | # TIMERS |
40 | my $w = EV::child 666, 0, sub { |
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41 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; |
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42 | my $status = $w->rstatus; |
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43 | }; |
10 | |
44 | |
11 | my $w = EV::timer 2, 0, sub { |
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12 | warn "is called after 2s"; |
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13 | }; |
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14 | |
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15 | my $w = EV::timer 2, 2, sub { |
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16 | warn "is called roughly every 2s (repeat = 2)"; |
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17 | }; |
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18 | |
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19 | undef $w; # destroy event watcher again |
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20 | |
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21 | my $w = EV::periodic 0, 60, 0, sub { |
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22 | warn "is called every minute, on the minute, exactly"; |
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23 | }; |
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24 | |
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25 | # IO |
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26 | |
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27 | my $w = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub { |
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28 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; # all callbacks receive the watcher and event mask |
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29 | warn "stdin is readable, you entered: ", <STDIN>; |
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30 | }; |
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31 | |
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32 | # SIGNALS |
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33 | |
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34 | my $w = EV::signal 'QUIT', sub { |
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35 | warn "sigquit received\n"; |
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36 | }; |
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37 | |
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38 | # CHILD/PID STATUS CHANGES |
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39 | |
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40 | my $w = EV::child 666, sub { |
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41 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; |
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42 | my $status = $w->rstatus; |
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43 | }; |
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44 | |
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45 | # STAT CHANGES |
45 | # STAT CHANGES |
46 | my $w = EV::stat "/etc/passwd", 10, sub { |
46 | my $w = EV::stat "/etc/passwd", 10, sub { |
47 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; |
47 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; |
48 | warn $w->path, " has changed somehow.\n"; |
48 | warn $w->path, " has changed somehow.\n"; |
49 | }; |
49 | }; |
50 | |
50 | |
51 | # MAINLOOP |
51 | # MAINLOOP |
52 | EV::loop; # loop until EV::unloop is called or all watchers stop |
52 | EV::loop; # loop until EV::unloop is called or all watchers stop |
53 | EV::loop EV::LOOP_ONESHOT; # block until at least one event could be handled |
53 | EV::loop EV::LOOP_ONESHOT; # block until at least one event could be handled |
54 | EV::loop EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK; # try to handle same events, but do not block |
54 | EV::loop EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK; # try to handle same events, but do not block |
55 | |
55 | |
56 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
56 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
57 | |
57 | |
58 | This module provides an interface to libev |
58 | This module provides an interface to libev |
59 | (L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev.html>). While the documentation |
59 | (L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev.html>). While the documentation |
60 | below is comprehensive, one might also consult the documentation of libev |
60 | below is comprehensive, one might also consult the documentation of |
61 | itself (L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.html>) for more subtle details on |
61 | libev itself (L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod> or |
62 | watcher semantics or some discussion on the available backends, or how to |
62 | F<perldoc EV::libev>) for more subtle details on watcher semantics or some |
63 | force a specific backend with C<LIBEV_FLAGS>. |
63 | discussion on the available backends, or how to force a specific backend |
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64 | with C<LIBEV_FLAGS>, or just about in any case because it has much more |
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65 | detailed information. |
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66 | |
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67 | This module is very fast and scalable. It is actually so fast that you |
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68 | can use it through the L<AnyEvent> module, stay portable to other event |
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69 | loops (if you don't rely on any watcher types not available through it) |
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70 | and still be faster than with any other event loop currently supported in |
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71 | Perl. |
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72 | |
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73 | =head2 MODULE EXPORTS |
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74 | |
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75 | This module does not export any symbols. |
64 | |
76 | |
65 | =cut |
77 | =cut |
66 | |
78 | |
67 | package EV; |
79 | package EV; |
68 | |
80 | |
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81 | no warnings; |
69 | use strict; |
82 | use strict; |
70 | |
83 | |
71 | BEGIN { |
84 | BEGIN { |
72 | our $VERSION = '1.6'; |
85 | our $VERSION = '3.48'; |
73 | use XSLoader; |
86 | use XSLoader; |
74 | XSLoader::load "EV", $VERSION; |
87 | XSLoader::load "EV", $VERSION; |
75 | } |
88 | } |
76 | |
89 | |
77 | @EV::IO::ISA = |
90 | @EV::IO::ISA = |
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… | |
83 | @EV::Idle::ISA = |
96 | @EV::Idle::ISA = |
84 | @EV::Prepare::ISA = |
97 | @EV::Prepare::ISA = |
85 | @EV::Check::ISA = |
98 | @EV::Check::ISA = |
86 | @EV::Embed::ISA = |
99 | @EV::Embed::ISA = |
87 | @EV::Fork::ISA = |
100 | @EV::Fork::ISA = |
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101 | @EV::Async::ISA = |
88 | "EV::Watcher"; |
102 | "EV::Watcher"; |
89 | |
103 | |
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104 | @EV::Loop::Default::ISA = "EV::Loop"; |
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105 | |
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106 | =head1 EVENT LOOPS |
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107 | |
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108 | EV supports multiple event loops: There is a single "default event loop" |
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109 | that can handle everything including signals and child watchers, and any |
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110 | number of "dynamic event loops" that can use different backends (with |
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111 | various limitations), but no child and signal watchers. |
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112 | |
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113 | You do not have to do anything to create the default event loop: When |
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114 | the module is loaded a suitable backend is selected on the premise of |
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115 | selecting a working backend (which for example rules out kqueue on most |
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116 | BSDs). Modules should, unless they have "special needs" always use the |
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117 | default loop as this is fastest (perl-wise), best supported by other |
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118 | modules (e.g. AnyEvent or Coro) and most portable event loop. |
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119 | |
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120 | For specific programs you can create additional event loops dynamically. |
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121 | |
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122 | If you want to take avdantage of kqueue (which often works properly for |
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123 | sockets only) even though the default loop doesn't enable it, you can |
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124 | I<embed> a kqueue loop into the default loop: running the default loop |
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125 | will then also service the kqueue loop to some extent. See the example in |
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126 | the section about embed watchers for an example on how to achieve that. |
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127 | |
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128 | =over 4 |
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129 | |
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130 | =item $loop = new EV::loop [$flags] |
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131 | |
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132 | Create a new event loop as per the specified flags. Please refer to |
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133 | the C<ev_loop_new ()> function description in the libev documentation |
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134 | (L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#GLOBAL_FUNCTIONS>, |
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135 | or locally-installed as F<EV::libev> manpage) for more info. |
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136 | |
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137 | The loop will automatically be destroyed when it is no longer referenced |
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138 | by any watcher and the loop object goes out of scope. |
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139 | |
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140 | If you are not embedding the loop, then Using C<EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK> |
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141 | is recommended, as only the default event loop is protected by this |
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142 | module. If you I<are> embedding this loop in the default loop, this is not |
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143 | necessary, as C<EV::embed> automatically does the right thing on fork. |
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144 | |
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145 | =item $loop->loop_fork |
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146 | |
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147 | Must be called after a fork in the child, before entering or continuing |
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148 | the event loop. An alternative is to use C<EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK> which calls |
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149 | this function automatically, at some performance loss (refer to the libev |
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150 | documentation). |
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151 | |
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152 | =item $loop->loop_verify |
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153 | |
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154 | Calls C<ev_verify> to make internal consistency checks (for debugging |
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155 | libev) and abort the program if any data structures were found to be |
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156 | corrupted. |
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157 | |
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158 | =item $loop = EV::default_loop [$flags] |
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159 | |
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160 | Return the default loop (which is a singleton object). Since this module |
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161 | already creates the default loop with default flags, specifying flags here |
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162 | will not have any effect unless you destroy the default loop first, which |
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163 | isn't supported. So in short: don't do it, and if you break it, you get to |
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164 | keep the pieces. |
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165 | |
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166 | =back |
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167 | |
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168 | |
90 | =head1 BASIC INTERFACE |
169 | =head1 BASIC INTERFACE |
91 | |
170 | |
92 | =over 4 |
171 | =over 4 |
93 | |
172 | |
94 | =item $EV::DIED |
173 | =item $EV::DIED |
95 | |
174 | |
96 | Must contain a reference to a function that is called when a callback |
175 | Must contain a reference to a function that is called when a callback |
97 | throws an exception (with $@ containing thr error). The default prints an |
176 | throws an exception (with $@ containing the error). The default prints an |
98 | informative message and continues. |
177 | informative message and continues. |
99 | |
178 | |
100 | If this callback throws an exception it will be silently ignored. |
179 | If this callback throws an exception it will be silently ignored. |
101 | |
180 | |
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181 | =item $flags = EV::supported_backends |
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182 | |
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183 | =item $flags = EV::recommended_backends |
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184 | |
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185 | =item $flags = EV::embeddable_backends |
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186 | |
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187 | Returns the set (see C<EV::BACKEND_*> flags) of backends supported by this |
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188 | instance of EV, the set of recommended backends (supposed to be good) for |
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189 | this platform and the set of embeddable backends (see EMBED WATCHERS). |
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190 | |
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191 | =item EV::sleep $seconds |
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192 | |
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193 | Block the process for the given number of (fractional) seconds. |
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194 | |
102 | =item $time = EV::time |
195 | =item $time = EV::time |
103 | |
196 | |
104 | Returns the current time in (fractional) seconds since the epoch. |
197 | Returns the current time in (fractional) seconds since the epoch. |
105 | |
198 | |
106 | =item $time = EV::now |
199 | =item $time = EV::now |
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200 | |
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201 | =item $time = $loop->now |
107 | |
202 | |
108 | Returns the time the last event loop iteration has been started. This |
203 | Returns the time the last event loop iteration has been started. This |
109 | is the time that (relative) timers are based on, and refering to it is |
204 | is the time that (relative) timers are based on, and refering to it is |
110 | usually faster then calling EV::time. |
205 | usually faster then calling EV::time. |
111 | |
206 | |
112 | =item $method = EV::method |
207 | =item $backend = EV::backend |
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208 | |
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209 | =item $backend = $loop->backend |
113 | |
210 | |
114 | Returns an integer describing the backend used by libev (EV::METHOD_SELECT |
211 | Returns an integer describing the backend used by libev (EV::METHOD_SELECT |
115 | or EV::METHOD_EPOLL). |
212 | or EV::METHOD_EPOLL). |
116 | |
213 | |
117 | =item EV::loop [$flags] |
214 | =item EV::loop [$flags] |
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215 | |
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216 | =item $loop->loop ([$flags]) |
118 | |
217 | |
119 | Begin checking for events and calling callbacks. It returns when a |
218 | Begin checking for events and calling callbacks. It returns when a |
120 | callback calls EV::unloop. |
219 | callback calls EV::unloop. |
121 | |
220 | |
122 | The $flags argument can be one of the following: |
221 | The $flags argument can be one of the following: |
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125 | EV::LOOP_ONESHOT block at most once (wait, but do not loop) |
224 | EV::LOOP_ONESHOT block at most once (wait, but do not loop) |
126 | EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK do not block at all (fetch/handle events but do not wait) |
225 | EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK do not block at all (fetch/handle events but do not wait) |
127 | |
226 | |
128 | =item EV::unloop [$how] |
227 | =item EV::unloop [$how] |
129 | |
228 | |
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229 | =item $loop->unloop ([$how]) |
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230 | |
130 | When called with no arguments or an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ONE, makes the |
231 | When called with no arguments or an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ONE, makes the |
131 | innermost call to EV::loop return. |
232 | innermost call to EV::loop return. |
132 | |
233 | |
133 | When called with an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ALL, all calls to EV::loop will return as |
234 | When called with an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ALL, all calls to EV::loop will return as |
134 | fast as possible. |
235 | fast as possible. |
135 | |
236 | |
136 | =item $count = EV::loop_count |
237 | =item $count = EV::loop_count |
137 | |
238 | |
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239 | =item $count = $loop->loop_count |
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240 | |
138 | Return the number of times the event loop has polled for new |
241 | Return the number of times the event loop has polled for new |
139 | events. Sometiems useful as a generation counter. |
242 | events. Sometiems useful as a generation counter. |
140 | |
243 | |
141 | =item EV::once $fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents) |
244 | =item EV::once $fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents) |
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245 | |
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246 | =item $loop->once ($fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents)) |
142 | |
247 | |
143 | This function rolls together an I/O and a timer watcher for a single |
248 | This function rolls together an I/O and a timer watcher for a single |
144 | one-shot event without the need for managing a watcher object. |
249 | one-shot event without the need for managing a watcher object. |
145 | |
250 | |
146 | If C<$fh_or_undef> is a filehandle or file descriptor, then C<$events> |
251 | If C<$fh_or_undef> is a filehandle or file descriptor, then C<$events> |
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152 | If timeout is C<undef> or negative, then there will be no |
257 | If timeout is C<undef> or negative, then there will be no |
153 | timeout. Otherwise a EV::timer with this value will be started. |
258 | timeout. Otherwise a EV::timer with this value will be started. |
154 | |
259 | |
155 | When an error occurs or either the timeout or I/O watcher triggers, then |
260 | When an error occurs or either the timeout or I/O watcher triggers, then |
156 | the callback will be called with the received event set (in general |
261 | the callback will be called with the received event set (in general |
157 | you can expect it to be a combination of C<EV:ERROR>, C<EV::READ>, |
262 | you can expect it to be a combination of C<EV::ERROR>, C<EV::READ>, |
158 | C<EV::WRITE> and C<EV::TIMEOUT>). |
263 | C<EV::WRITE> and C<EV::TIMEOUT>). |
159 | |
264 | |
160 | EV::once doesn't return anything: the watchers stay active till either |
265 | EV::once doesn't return anything: the watchers stay active till either |
161 | of them triggers, then they will be stopped and freed, and the callback |
266 | of them triggers, then they will be stopped and freed, and the callback |
162 | invoked. |
267 | invoked. |
163 | |
268 | |
164 | =back |
269 | =item EV::feed_fd_event ($fd, $revents) |
165 | |
270 | |
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271 | =item $loop->feed_fd_event ($fd, $revents) |
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272 | |
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273 | Feed an event on a file descriptor into EV. EV will react to this call as |
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274 | if the readyness notifications specified by C<$revents> (a combination of |
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275 | C<EV::READ> and C<EV::WRITE>) happened on the file descriptor C<$fd>. |
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276 | |
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277 | =item EV::feed_signal_event ($signal) |
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278 | |
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279 | Feed a signal event into EV. EV will react to this call as if the signal |
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280 | specified by C<$signal> had occured. |
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281 | |
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282 | =item EV::set_io_collect_interval $time |
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283 | |
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284 | =item $loop->set_io_collect_interval ($time) |
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285 | |
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286 | =item EV::set_timeout_collect_interval $time |
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287 | |
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288 | =item $loop->set_timeout_collect_interval ($time) |
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289 | |
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290 | These advanced functions set the minimum block interval when polling for I/O events and the minimum |
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291 | wait interval for timer events. See the libev documentation at |
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292 | L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#FUNCTIONS_CONTROLLING_THE_EVENT_LOOP> |
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293 | (locally installed as F<EV::libev>) for a more detailed discussion. |
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294 | |
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295 | =back |
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296 | |
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297 | |
166 | =head2 WATCHER OBJECTS |
298 | =head1 WATCHER OBJECTS |
167 | |
299 | |
168 | A watcher is an object that gets created to record your interest in some |
300 | A watcher is an object that gets created to record your interest in some |
169 | event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to become readable, you |
301 | event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to become readable, you |
170 | would create an EV::io watcher for that: |
302 | would create an EV::io watcher for that: |
171 | |
303 | |
172 | my $watcher = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub { |
304 | my $watcher = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub { |
173 | my ($watcher, $revents) = @_; |
305 | my ($watcher, $revents) = @_; |
174 | warn "yeah, STDIN should not be readable without blocking!\n" |
306 | warn "yeah, STDIN should now be readable without blocking!\n" |
175 | }; |
307 | }; |
176 | |
308 | |
177 | All watchers can be active (waiting for events) or inactive (paused). Only |
309 | All watchers can be active (waiting for events) or inactive (paused). Only |
178 | active watchers will have their callbacks invoked. All callbacks will be |
310 | active watchers will have their callbacks invoked. All callbacks will be |
179 | called with at least two arguments: the watcher and a bitmask of received |
311 | called with at least two arguments: the watcher and a bitmask of received |
180 | events. |
312 | events. |
181 | |
313 | |
182 | Each watcher type has its associated bit in revents, so you can use the |
314 | Each watcher type has its associated bit in revents, so you can use the |
183 | same callback for multiple watchers. The event mask is named after the |
315 | same callback for multiple watchers. The event mask is named after the |
184 | type, i..e. EV::child sets EV::CHILD, EV::prepare sets EV::PREPARE, |
316 | type, i..e. EV::child sets EV::CHILD, EV::prepare sets EV::PREPARE, |
185 | EV::periodic sets EV::PERIODIC and so on, with the exception of IO events |
317 | EV::periodic sets EV::PERIODIC and so on, with the exception of I/O events |
186 | (which can set both EV::READ and EV::WRITE bits), and EV::timer (which |
318 | (which can set both EV::READ and EV::WRITE bits), and EV::timer (which |
187 | uses EV::TIMEOUT). |
319 | uses EV::TIMEOUT). |
188 | |
320 | |
189 | In the rare case where one wants to create a watcher but not start it at |
321 | In the rare case where one wants to create a watcher but not start it at |
190 | the same time, each constructor has a variant with a trailing C<_ns> in |
322 | the same time, each constructor has a variant with a trailing C<_ns> in |
… | |
… | |
212 | |
344 | |
213 | =item $w->stop |
345 | =item $w->stop |
214 | |
346 | |
215 | Stop a watcher if it is active. Also clear any pending events (events that |
347 | Stop a watcher if it is active. Also clear any pending events (events that |
216 | have been received but that didn't yet result in a callback invocation), |
348 | have been received but that didn't yet result in a callback invocation), |
217 | regardless of wether the watcher was active or not. |
349 | regardless of whether the watcher was active or not. |
218 | |
350 | |
219 | =item $bool = $w->is_active |
351 | =item $bool = $w->is_active |
220 | |
352 | |
221 | Returns true if the watcher is active, false otherwise. |
353 | Returns true if the watcher is active, false otherwise. |
222 | |
354 | |
… | |
… | |
252 | The default priority of any newly-created watcher is 0. |
384 | The default priority of any newly-created watcher is 0. |
253 | |
385 | |
254 | Note that the priority semantics have not yet been fleshed out and are |
386 | Note that the priority semantics have not yet been fleshed out and are |
255 | subject to almost certain change. |
387 | subject to almost certain change. |
256 | |
388 | |
257 | =item $w->trigger ($revents) |
389 | =item $w->invoke ($revents) |
258 | |
390 | |
259 | Call the callback *now* with the given event mask. |
391 | Call the callback *now* with the given event mask. |
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392 | |
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|
393 | =item $w->feed_event ($revents) |
|
|
394 | |
|
|
395 | Feed some events on this watcher into EV. EV will react to this call as if |
|
|
396 | the watcher had received the given C<$revents> mask. |
|
|
397 | |
|
|
398 | =item $revents = $w->clear_pending |
|
|
399 | |
|
|
400 | If the watcher is pending, this function clears its pending status and |
|
|
401 | returns its C<$revents> bitset (as if its callback was invoked). If the |
|
|
402 | watcher isn't pending it does nothing and returns C<0>. |
260 | |
403 | |
261 | =item $previous_state = $w->keepalive ($bool) |
404 | =item $previous_state = $w->keepalive ($bool) |
262 | |
405 | |
263 | Normally, C<EV::loop> will return when there are no active watchers |
406 | Normally, C<EV::loop> will return when there are no active watchers |
264 | (which is a "deadlock" because no progress can be made anymore). This is |
407 | (which is a "deadlock" because no progress can be made anymore). This is |
265 | convinient because it allows you to start your watchers (and your jobs), |
408 | convinient because it allows you to start your watchers (and your jobs), |
266 | call C<EV::loop> once and when it returns you know that all your jobs are |
409 | call C<EV::loop> once and when it returns you know that all your jobs are |
267 | finished (or they forgot to register some watchers for their task :). |
410 | finished (or they forgot to register some watchers for their task :). |
268 | |
411 | |
269 | Sometimes, however, this gets in your way, for example when you the module |
412 | Sometimes, however, this gets in your way, for example when the module |
270 | that calls C<EV::loop> (usually the main program) is not the same module |
413 | that calls C<EV::loop> (usually the main program) is not the same module |
271 | as a long-living watcher (for example a DNS client module written by |
414 | as a long-living watcher (for example a DNS client module written by |
272 | somebody else even). Then you might want any outstanding requests to be |
415 | somebody else even). Then you might want any outstanding requests to be |
273 | handled, but you would not want to keep C<EV::loop> from returning just |
416 | handled, but you would not want to keep C<EV::loop> from returning just |
274 | because you happen to have this long-running UDP port watcher. |
417 | because you happen to have this long-running UDP port watcher. |
… | |
… | |
277 | though your watcher is active, it won't keep C<EV::loop> from returning. |
420 | though your watcher is active, it won't keep C<EV::loop> from returning. |
278 | |
421 | |
279 | The initial value for keepalive is true (enabled), and you cna change it |
422 | The initial value for keepalive is true (enabled), and you cna change it |
280 | any time. |
423 | any time. |
281 | |
424 | |
282 | Example: Register an IO watcher for some UDP socket but do not keep the |
425 | Example: Register an I/O watcher for some UDP socket but do not keep the |
283 | event loop from running just because of that watcher. |
426 | event loop from running just because of that watcher. |
284 | |
427 | |
285 | my $udp_socket = ... |
428 | my $udp_socket = ... |
286 | my $udp_watcher = EV::io $udp_socket, EV::READ, sub { ... }; |
429 | my $udp_watcher = EV::io $udp_socket, EV::READ, sub { ... }; |
287 | $udp_watcher->keepalive (0); |
430 | $udp_watcher->keepalive (0); |
288 | |
431 | |
289 | =back |
432 | =item $loop = $w->loop |
290 | |
433 | |
|
|
434 | Return the loop that this watcher is attached to. |
291 | |
435 | |
|
|
436 | =back |
|
|
437 | |
|
|
438 | |
292 | =head2 WATCHER TYPES |
439 | =head1 WATCHER TYPES |
293 | |
440 | |
294 | Each of the following subsections describes a single watcher type. |
441 | Each of the following subsections describes a single watcher type. |
295 | |
442 | |
296 | =head3 IO WATCHERS - is this file descriptor readable or writable? |
443 | =head3 I/O WATCHERS - is this file descriptor readable or writable? |
297 | |
444 | |
298 | =over 4 |
445 | =over 4 |
299 | |
446 | |
300 | =item $w = EV::io $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback |
447 | =item $w = EV::io $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback |
301 | |
448 | |
302 | =item $w = EV::io_ns $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback |
449 | =item $w = EV::io_ns $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback |
|
|
450 | |
|
|
451 | =item $w = $loop->io ($fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback) |
|
|
452 | |
|
|
453 | =item $w = $loop->io_ns ($fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback) |
303 | |
454 | |
304 | As long as the returned watcher object is alive, call the C<$callback> |
455 | As long as the returned watcher object is alive, call the C<$callback> |
305 | when at least one of events specified in C<$eventmask> occurs. |
456 | when at least one of events specified in C<$eventmask> occurs. |
306 | |
457 | |
307 | The $eventmask can be one or more of these constants ORed together: |
458 | The $eventmask can be one or more of these constants ORed together: |
… | |
… | |
336 | =over 4 |
487 | =over 4 |
337 | |
488 | |
338 | =item $w = EV::timer $after, $repeat, $callback |
489 | =item $w = EV::timer $after, $repeat, $callback |
339 | |
490 | |
340 | =item $w = EV::timer_ns $after, $repeat, $callback |
491 | =item $w = EV::timer_ns $after, $repeat, $callback |
|
|
492 | |
|
|
493 | =item $w = $loop->timer ($after, $repeat, $callback) |
|
|
494 | |
|
|
495 | =item $w = $loop->timer_ns ($after, $repeat, $callback) |
341 | |
496 | |
342 | Calls the callback after C<$after> seconds (which may be fractional). If |
497 | Calls the callback after C<$after> seconds (which may be fractional). If |
343 | C<$repeat> is non-zero, the timer will be restarted (with the $repeat |
498 | C<$repeat> is non-zero, the timer will be restarted (with the $repeat |
344 | value as $after) after the callback returns. |
499 | value as $after) after the callback returns. |
345 | |
500 | |
… | |
… | |
386 | =over 4 |
541 | =over 4 |
387 | |
542 | |
388 | =item $w = EV::periodic $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback |
543 | =item $w = EV::periodic $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback |
389 | |
544 | |
390 | =item $w = EV::periodic_ns $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback |
545 | =item $w = EV::periodic_ns $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback |
|
|
546 | |
|
|
547 | =item $w = $loop->periodic ($at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback) |
|
|
548 | |
|
|
549 | =item $w = $loop->periodic_ns ($at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback) |
391 | |
550 | |
392 | Similar to EV::timer, but is not based on relative timeouts but on |
551 | Similar to EV::timer, but is not based on relative timeouts but on |
393 | absolute times. Apart from creating "simple" timers that trigger "at" the |
552 | absolute times. Apart from creating "simple" timers that trigger "at" the |
394 | specified time, it can also be used for non-drifting absolute timers and |
553 | specified time, it can also be used for non-drifting absolute timers and |
395 | more complex, cron-like, setups that are not adversely affected by time |
554 | more complex, cron-like, setups that are not adversely affected by time |
… | |
… | |
405 | This time simply fires at the wallclock time C<$at> and doesn't repeat. It |
564 | This time simply fires at the wallclock time C<$at> and doesn't repeat. It |
406 | will not adjust when a time jump occurs, that is, if it is to be run |
565 | will not adjust when a time jump occurs, that is, if it is to be run |
407 | at January 1st 2011 then it will run when the system time reaches or |
566 | at January 1st 2011 then it will run when the system time reaches or |
408 | surpasses this time. |
567 | surpasses this time. |
409 | |
568 | |
410 | =item * non-repeating interval timer ($interval > 0, $reschedule_cb = 0) |
569 | =item * repeating interval timer ($interval > 0, $reschedule_cb = 0) |
411 | |
570 | |
412 | In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the |
571 | In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the |
413 | next C<$at + N * $interval> time (for some integer N) and then repeat, |
572 | next C<$at + N * $interval> time (for some integer N) and then repeat, |
414 | regardless of any time jumps. |
573 | regardless of any time jumps. |
415 | |
574 | |
… | |
… | |
433 | time the periodic watcher gets scheduled, the reschedule callback |
592 | time the periodic watcher gets scheduled, the reschedule callback |
434 | ($reschedule_cb) will be called with the watcher as first, and the current |
593 | ($reschedule_cb) will be called with the watcher as first, and the current |
435 | time as second argument. |
594 | time as second argument. |
436 | |
595 | |
437 | I<This callback MUST NOT stop or destroy this or any other periodic |
596 | I<This callback MUST NOT stop or destroy this or any other periodic |
438 | watcher, ever>. If you need to stop it, return 1e30 and stop it |
597 | watcher, ever, and MUST NOT call any event loop functions or methods>. If |
439 | afterwards. |
598 | you need to stop it, return 1e30 and stop it afterwards. You may create |
|
|
599 | and start a C<EV::prepare> watcher for this task. |
440 | |
600 | |
441 | It must return the next time to trigger, based on the passed time value |
601 | It must return the next time to trigger, based on the passed time value |
442 | (that is, the lowest time value larger than to the second argument). It |
602 | (that is, the lowest time value larger than or equal to to the second |
443 | will usually be called just before the callback will be triggered, but |
603 | argument). It will usually be called just before the callback will be |
444 | might be called at other times, too. |
604 | triggered, but might be called at other times, too. |
445 | |
605 | |
446 | This can be used to create very complex timers, such as a timer that |
606 | This can be used to create very complex timers, such as a timer that |
447 | triggers on each midnight, local time (actually 24 hours after the last |
607 | triggers on each midnight, local time (actually 24 hours after the last |
448 | midnight, to keep the example simple. If you know a way to do it correctly |
608 | midnight, to keep the example simple. If you know a way to do it correctly |
449 | in about the same space (without requiring elaborate modules), drop me a |
609 | in about the same space (without requiring elaborate modules), drop me a |
… | |
… | |
470 | |
630 | |
471 | =item $w->again |
631 | =item $w->again |
472 | |
632 | |
473 | Simply stops and starts the watcher again. |
633 | Simply stops and starts the watcher again. |
474 | |
634 | |
|
|
635 | =item $time = $w->at |
|
|
636 | |
|
|
637 | Return the time that the watcher is expected to trigger next. |
|
|
638 | |
475 | =back |
639 | =back |
476 | |
640 | |
477 | |
641 | |
478 | =head3 SIGNAL WATCHERS - signal me when a signal gets signalled! |
642 | =head3 SIGNAL WATCHERS - signal me when a signal gets signalled! |
479 | |
643 | |
… | |
… | |
512 | |
676 | |
513 | =head3 CHILD WATCHERS - watch out for process status changes |
677 | =head3 CHILD WATCHERS - watch out for process status changes |
514 | |
678 | |
515 | =over 4 |
679 | =over 4 |
516 | |
680 | |
517 | =item $w = EV::child $pid, $callback |
681 | =item $w = EV::child $pid, $trace, $callback |
518 | |
682 | |
519 | =item $w = EV::child_ns $pid, $callback |
683 | =item $w = EV::child_ns $pid, $trace, $callback |
520 | |
684 | |
|
|
685 | =item $w = $loop->child ($pid, $trace, $callback) |
|
|
686 | |
|
|
687 | =item $w = $loop->child_ns ($pid, $trace, $callback) |
|
|
688 | |
521 | Call the callback when a status change for pid C<$pid> (or any pid if |
689 | Call the callback when a status change for pid C<$pid> (or any pid |
522 | C<$pid> is 0) has been received. More precisely: when the process receives |
690 | if C<$pid> is 0) has been received (a status change happens when the |
|
|
691 | process terminates or is killed, or, when trace is true, additionally when |
|
|
692 | it is stopped or continued). More precisely: when the process receives |
523 | a C<SIGCHLD>, EV will fetch the outstanding exit/wait status for all |
693 | a C<SIGCHLD>, EV will fetch the outstanding exit/wait status for all |
524 | changed/zombie children and call the callback. |
694 | changed/zombie children and call the callback. |
525 | |
695 | |
526 | It is valid (and fully supported) to install a child watcher after a child |
696 | It is valid (and fully supported) to install a child watcher after a child |
527 | has exited but before the event loop has started its next iteration (for |
697 | has exited but before the event loop has started its next iteration (for |
… | |
… | |
534 | You can have as many pid watchers per pid as you want, they will all be |
704 | You can have as many pid watchers per pid as you want, they will all be |
535 | called. |
705 | called. |
536 | |
706 | |
537 | The C<child_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
707 | The C<child_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
538 | |
708 | |
539 | =item $w->set ($pid) |
709 | =item $w->set ($pid, $trace) |
540 | |
710 | |
541 | Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be called at |
711 | Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be called at |
542 | any time. |
712 | any time. |
543 | |
713 | |
544 | =item $current_pid = $w->pid |
714 | =item $current_pid = $w->pid |
545 | |
715 | |
546 | =item $old_pid = $w->pid ($new_pid) |
|
|
547 | |
|
|
548 | Returns the previously set process id and optionally set a new one. |
716 | Returns the previously set process id and optionally set a new one. |
549 | |
717 | |
550 | =item $exit_status = $w->rstatus |
718 | =item $exit_status = $w->rstatus |
551 | |
719 | |
552 | Return the exit/wait status (as returned by waitpid, see the waitpid entry |
720 | Return the exit/wait status (as returned by waitpid, see the waitpid entry |
… | |
… | |
565 | =over 4 |
733 | =over 4 |
566 | |
734 | |
567 | =item $w = EV::stat $path, $interval, $callback |
735 | =item $w = EV::stat $path, $interval, $callback |
568 | |
736 | |
569 | =item $w = EV::stat_ns $path, $interval, $callback |
737 | =item $w = EV::stat_ns $path, $interval, $callback |
|
|
738 | |
|
|
739 | =item $w = $loop->stat ($path, $interval, $callback) |
|
|
740 | |
|
|
741 | =item $w = $loop->stat_ns ($path, $interval, $callback) |
570 | |
742 | |
571 | Call the callback when a file status change has been detected on |
743 | Call the callback when a file status change has been detected on |
572 | C<$path>. The C<$path> does not need to exist, changing from "path exists" |
744 | C<$path>. The C<$path> does not need to exist, changing from "path exists" |
573 | to "path does not exist" is a status change like any other. |
745 | to "path does not exist" is a status change like any other. |
574 | |
746 | |
… | |
… | |
645 | |
817 | |
646 | =item $w = EV::idle $callback |
818 | =item $w = EV::idle $callback |
647 | |
819 | |
648 | =item $w = EV::idle_ns $callback |
820 | =item $w = EV::idle_ns $callback |
649 | |
821 | |
650 | Call the callback when there are no pending io, timer/periodic, signal or |
822 | =item $w = $loop->idle ($callback) |
651 | child events, i.e. when the process is idle. |
823 | |
|
|
824 | =item $w = $loop->idle_ns ($callback) |
|
|
825 | |
|
|
826 | Call the callback when there are no other pending watchers of the same or |
|
|
827 | higher priority (excluding check, prepare and other idle watchers of the |
|
|
828 | same or lower priority, of course). They are called idle watchers because |
|
|
829 | when the watcher is the highest priority pending event in the process, the |
|
|
830 | process is considered to be idle at that priority. |
|
|
831 | |
|
|
832 | If you want a watcher that is only ever called when I<no> other events are |
|
|
833 | outstanding you have to set the priority to C<EV::MINPRI>. |
652 | |
834 | |
653 | The process will not block as long as any idle watchers are active, and |
835 | The process will not block as long as any idle watchers are active, and |
654 | they will be called repeatedly until stopped. |
836 | they will be called repeatedly until stopped. |
655 | |
837 | |
|
|
838 | For example, if you have idle watchers at priority C<0> and C<1>, and |
|
|
839 | an I/O watcher at priority C<0>, then the idle watcher at priority C<1> |
|
|
840 | and the I/O watcher will always run when ready. Only when the idle watcher |
|
|
841 | at priority C<1> is stopped and the I/O watcher at priority C<0> is not |
|
|
842 | pending with the C<0>-priority idle watcher be invoked. |
|
|
843 | |
656 | The C<idle_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
844 | The C<idle_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
657 | |
845 | |
658 | =back |
846 | =back |
659 | |
847 | |
660 | |
848 | |
… | |
… | |
663 | =over 4 |
851 | =over 4 |
664 | |
852 | |
665 | =item $w = EV::prepare $callback |
853 | =item $w = EV::prepare $callback |
666 | |
854 | |
667 | =item $w = EV::prepare_ns $callback |
855 | =item $w = EV::prepare_ns $callback |
|
|
856 | |
|
|
857 | =item $w = $loop->prepare ($callback) |
|
|
858 | |
|
|
859 | =item $w = $loop->prepare_ns ($callback) |
668 | |
860 | |
669 | Call the callback just before the process would block. You can still |
861 | Call the callback just before the process would block. You can still |
670 | create/modify any watchers at this point. |
862 | create/modify any watchers at this point. |
671 | |
863 | |
672 | See the EV::check watcher, below, for explanations and an example. |
864 | See the EV::check watcher, below, for explanations and an example. |
… | |
… | |
681 | =over 4 |
873 | =over 4 |
682 | |
874 | |
683 | =item $w = EV::check $callback |
875 | =item $w = EV::check $callback |
684 | |
876 | |
685 | =item $w = EV::check_ns $callback |
877 | =item $w = EV::check_ns $callback |
|
|
878 | |
|
|
879 | =item $w = $loop->check ($callback) |
|
|
880 | |
|
|
881 | =item $w = $loop->check_ns ($callback) |
686 | |
882 | |
687 | Call the callback just after the process wakes up again (after it has |
883 | Call the callback just after the process wakes up again (after it has |
688 | gathered events), but before any other callbacks have been invoked. |
884 | gathered events), but before any other callbacks have been invoked. |
689 | |
885 | |
690 | This is used to integrate other event-based software into the EV |
886 | This is used to integrate other event-based software into the EV |
… | |
… | |
700 | or return; |
896 | or return; |
701 | |
897 | |
702 | # make the dispatcher handle any outstanding stuff |
898 | # make the dispatcher handle any outstanding stuff |
703 | ... not shown |
899 | ... not shown |
704 | |
900 | |
705 | # create an IO watcher for each and every socket |
901 | # create an I/O watcher for each and every socket |
706 | @snmp_watcher = ( |
902 | @snmp_watcher = ( |
707 | (map { EV::io $_, EV::READ, sub { } } |
903 | (map { EV::io $_, EV::READ, sub { } } |
708 | keys %{ $dispatcher->{_descriptors} }), |
904 | keys %{ $dispatcher->{_descriptors} }), |
709 | |
905 | |
710 | EV::timer +($event->[Net::SNMP::Dispatcher::_ACTIVE] |
906 | EV::timer +($event->[Net::SNMP::Dispatcher::_ACTIVE] |
… | |
… | |
745 | |
941 | |
746 | =item $w = EV::fork $callback |
942 | =item $w = EV::fork $callback |
747 | |
943 | |
748 | =item $w = EV::fork_ns $callback |
944 | =item $w = EV::fork_ns $callback |
749 | |
945 | |
|
|
946 | =item $w = $loop->fork ($callback) |
|
|
947 | |
|
|
948 | =item $w = $loop->fork_ns ($callback) |
|
|
949 | |
750 | Call the callback before the event loop is resumed in the child process |
950 | Call the callback before the event loop is resumed in the child process |
751 | after a fork. |
951 | after a fork. |
752 | |
952 | |
753 | The C<fork_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
953 | The C<fork_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
754 | |
954 | |
755 | =back |
955 | =back |
756 | |
956 | |
|
|
957 | |
|
|
958 | =head3 EMBED WATCHERS - when one backend isn't enough... |
|
|
959 | |
|
|
960 | This is a rather advanced watcher type that lets you embed one event loop |
|
|
961 | into another (currently only IO events are supported in the embedded |
|
|
962 | loop, other types of watchers might be handled in a delayed or incorrect |
|
|
963 | fashion and must not be used). |
|
|
964 | |
|
|
965 | See the libev documentation at |
|
|
966 | L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#code_ev_embed_code_when_one_backend_> |
|
|
967 | (locally installed as F<EV::libev>) for more details. |
|
|
968 | |
|
|
969 | In short, this watcher is most useful on BSD systems without working |
|
|
970 | kqueue to still be able to handle a large number of sockets: |
|
|
971 | |
|
|
972 | my $socket_loop; |
|
|
973 | |
|
|
974 | # check wether we use SELECT or POLL _and_ KQUEUE is supported |
|
|
975 | if ( |
|
|
976 | (EV::backend & (EV::BACKEND_POLL | EV::BACKEND_SELECT)) |
|
|
977 | && (EV::supported_backends & EV::embeddable_backends & EV::BACKEND_KQUEUE) |
|
|
978 | ) { |
|
|
979 | # use kqueue for sockets |
|
|
980 | $socket_loop = new EV::Loop EV::BACKEND_KQUEUE | EV::FLAG_NOENV; |
|
|
981 | } |
|
|
982 | |
|
|
983 | # use the default loop otherwise |
|
|
984 | $socket_loop ||= EV::default_loop; |
|
|
985 | |
|
|
986 | =over 4 |
|
|
987 | |
|
|
988 | =item $w = EV::embed $otherloop[, $callback] |
|
|
989 | |
|
|
990 | =item $w = EV::embed_ns $otherloop[, $callback] |
|
|
991 | |
|
|
992 | =item $w = $loop->embed ($otherloop[, $callback]) |
|
|
993 | |
|
|
994 | =item $w = $loop->embed_ns ($otherloop[, $callback]) |
|
|
995 | |
|
|
996 | Call the callback when the embedded event loop (C<$otherloop>) has any |
|
|
997 | I/O activity. The C<$callback> is optional: if it is missing, then the |
|
|
998 | embedded event loop will be managed automatically (which is recommended), |
|
|
999 | otherwise you have to invoke C<sweep> yourself. |
|
|
1000 | |
|
|
1001 | The C<embed_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
|
|
1002 | |
|
|
1003 | =back |
|
|
1004 | |
|
|
1005 | =head3 ASYNC WATCHERS - how to wake up another event loop |
|
|
1006 | |
|
|
1007 | Async watchers are provided by EV, but have little use in perl directly, as perl |
|
|
1008 | neither supports threads nor direct access to signal handlers or other |
|
|
1009 | contexts where they could be of value. |
|
|
1010 | |
|
|
1011 | It is, however, possible to use them from the XS level. |
|
|
1012 | |
|
|
1013 | Please see the libev documentation for further details. |
|
|
1014 | |
|
|
1015 | =over 4 |
|
|
1016 | |
|
|
1017 | =item $w = EV::async $callback |
|
|
1018 | |
|
|
1019 | =item $w = EV::async_ns $callback |
|
|
1020 | |
|
|
1021 | =item $w->send |
|
|
1022 | |
|
|
1023 | =item $bool = $w->async_pending |
|
|
1024 | |
|
|
1025 | =back |
|
|
1026 | |
|
|
1027 | |
|
|
1028 | =head1 PERL SIGNALS |
|
|
1029 | |
|
|
1030 | While Perl signal handling (C<%SIG>) is not affected by EV, the behaviour |
|
|
1031 | with EV is as the same as any other C library: Perl-signals will only be |
|
|
1032 | handled when Perl runs, which means your signal handler might be invoked |
|
|
1033 | only the next time an event callback is invoked. |
|
|
1034 | |
|
|
1035 | The solution is to use EV signal watchers (see C<EV::signal>), which will |
|
|
1036 | ensure proper operations with regards to other event watchers. |
|
|
1037 | |
|
|
1038 | If you cannot do this for whatever reason, you can also force a watcher |
|
|
1039 | to be called on every event loop iteration by installing a C<EV::check> |
|
|
1040 | watcher: |
|
|
1041 | |
|
|
1042 | my $async_check = EV::check sub { }; |
|
|
1043 | |
|
|
1044 | This ensures that perl gets into control for a short time to handle any |
|
|
1045 | pending signals, and also ensures (slightly) slower overall operation. |
757 | |
1046 | |
758 | =head1 THREADS |
1047 | =head1 THREADS |
759 | |
1048 | |
760 | Threads are not supported by this module in any way. Perl pseudo-threads |
1049 | Threads are not supported by this module in any way. Perl pseudo-threads |
761 | is evil stuff and must die. As soon as Perl gains real threads I will work |
1050 | is evil stuff and must die. As soon as Perl gains real threads I will work |
… | |
… | |
783 | our $DIED = sub { |
1072 | our $DIED = sub { |
784 | warn "EV: error in callback (ignoring): $@"; |
1073 | warn "EV: error in callback (ignoring): $@"; |
785 | }; |
1074 | }; |
786 | |
1075 | |
787 | default_loop |
1076 | default_loop |
788 | or die 'EV: cannot initialise libev backend. bad $ENV{LIBEV_METHODS}?'; |
1077 | or die 'EV: cannot initialise libev backend. bad $ENV{LIBEV_FLAGS}?'; |
789 | |
1078 | |
790 | 1; |
1079 | 1; |
791 | |
1080 | |
792 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
1081 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
793 | |
1082 | |
794 | L<EV::ADNS> (asynchronous dns), L<Glib::EV> (makes Glib/Gtk2 use EV as |
1083 | L<EV::ADNS> (asynchronous DNS), L<Glib::EV> (makes Glib/Gtk2 use EV as |
795 | event loop), L<Coro::EV> (efficient coroutines with EV). |
1084 | event loop), L<EV::Glib> (embed Glib into EV), L<Coro::EV> (efficient |
|
|
1085 | coroutines with EV), L<Net::SNMP::EV> (asynchronous SNMP), L<AnyEvent> for |
|
|
1086 | event-loop agnostic and portable event driven programming. |
796 | |
1087 | |
797 | =head1 AUTHOR |
1088 | =head1 AUTHOR |
798 | |
1089 | |
799 | Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |
1090 | Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |
800 | http://home.schmorp.de/ |
1091 | http://home.schmorp.de/ |
801 | |
1092 | |
802 | =cut |
1093 | =cut |
803 | |
1094 | |