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2 | |
2 | |
3 | EV - perl interface to libev, a high performance full-featured event loop |
3 | EV - perl interface to libev, a high performance full-featured event loop |
4 | |
4 | |
5 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
5 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
6 | |
6 | |
7 | use EV; |
7 | use EV; |
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8 | |
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9 | # TIMERS |
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10 | |
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11 | my $w = EV::timer 2, 0, sub { |
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12 | warn "is called after 2s"; |
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13 | }; |
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14 | |
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15 | my $w = EV::timer 2, 2, sub { |
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16 | warn "is called roughly every 2s (repeat = 2)"; |
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17 | }; |
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18 | |
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19 | undef $w; # destroy event watcher again |
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20 | |
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21 | my $w = EV::periodic 0, 60, 0, sub { |
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22 | warn "is called every minute, on the minute, exactly"; |
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23 | }; |
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24 | |
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25 | # IO |
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26 | |
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27 | my $w = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub { |
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28 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; # all callbacks receive the watcher and event mask |
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29 | warn "stdin is readable, you entered: ", <STDIN>; |
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30 | }; |
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31 | |
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32 | # SIGNALS |
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33 | |
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34 | my $w = EV::signal 'QUIT', sub { |
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35 | warn "sigquit received\n"; |
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36 | }; |
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37 | |
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38 | # CHILD/PID STATUS CHANGES |
8 | |
39 | |
9 | # TIMERS |
40 | my $w = EV::child 666, 0, sub { |
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41 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; |
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42 | my $status = $w->rstatus; |
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43 | }; |
10 | |
44 | |
11 | my $w = EV::timer 2, 0, sub { |
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12 | warn "is called after 2s"; |
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13 | }; |
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14 | |
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15 | my $w = EV::timer 2, 2, sub { |
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16 | warn "is called roughly every 2s (repeat = 2)"; |
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17 | }; |
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18 | |
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19 | undef $w; # destroy event watcher again |
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20 | |
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21 | my $w = EV::periodic 0, 60, 0, sub { |
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22 | warn "is called every minute, on the minute, exactly"; |
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23 | }; |
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24 | |
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25 | # IO |
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26 | |
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27 | my $w = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub { |
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28 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; # all callbacks receive the watcher and event mask |
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29 | warn "stdin is readable, you entered: ", <STDIN>; |
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30 | }; |
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31 | |
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32 | # SIGNALS |
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33 | |
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34 | my $w = EV::signal 'QUIT', sub { |
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35 | warn "sigquit received\n"; |
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36 | }; |
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37 | |
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38 | # CHILD/PID STATUS CHANGES |
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39 | |
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40 | my $w = EV::child 666, sub { |
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41 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; |
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42 | my $status = $w->rstatus; |
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43 | }; |
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44 | |
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45 | # STAT CHANGES |
45 | # STAT CHANGES |
46 | my $w = EV::stat "/etc/passwd", 10, sub { |
46 | my $w = EV::stat "/etc/passwd", 10, sub { |
47 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; |
47 | my ($w, $revents) = @_; |
48 | warn $w->path, " has changed somehow.\n"; |
48 | warn $w->path, " has changed somehow.\n"; |
49 | }; |
49 | }; |
50 | |
50 | |
51 | # MAINLOOP |
51 | # MAINLOOP |
52 | EV::loop; # loop until EV::unloop is called or all watchers stop |
52 | EV::loop; # loop until EV::unloop is called or all watchers stop |
53 | EV::loop EV::LOOP_ONESHOT; # block until at least one event could be handled |
53 | EV::loop EV::LOOP_ONESHOT; # block until at least one event could be handled |
54 | EV::loop EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK; # try to handle same events, but do not block |
54 | EV::loop EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK; # try to handle same events, but do not block |
55 | |
55 | |
56 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
56 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
57 | |
57 | |
58 | This module provides an interface to libev |
58 | This module provides an interface to libev |
59 | (L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev.html>). While the documentation |
59 | (L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev.html>). While the documentation |
60 | below is comprehensive, one might also consult the documentation of libev |
60 | below is comprehensive, one might also consult the documentation of libev |
61 | itself (L<http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.html>) for more subtle details on |
61 | itself (L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod>) for more |
62 | watcher semantics or some discussion on the available backends, or how to |
62 | subtle details on watcher semantics or some discussion on the available |
63 | force a specific backend with C<LIBEV_FLAGS>, or just about in any case |
63 | backends, or how to force a specific backend with C<LIBEV_FLAGS>, or just |
64 | because it has much more detailed information. |
64 | about in any case because it has much more detailed information. |
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65 | |
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66 | This module is very fast and scalable. It is actually so fast that you |
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67 | can use it through the L<AnyEvent> module, stay portable to other event |
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68 | loops (if you don't rely on any watcher types not available through it) |
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69 | and still be faster than with any other event loop currently supported in |
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70 | Perl. |
65 | |
71 | |
66 | =cut |
72 | =cut |
67 | |
73 | |
68 | package EV; |
74 | package EV; |
69 | |
75 | |
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76 | no warnings; |
70 | use strict; |
77 | use strict; |
71 | |
78 | |
72 | BEGIN { |
79 | BEGIN { |
73 | our $VERSION = '1.72'; |
80 | our $VERSION = '3.43'; |
74 | use XSLoader; |
81 | use XSLoader; |
75 | XSLoader::load "EV", $VERSION; |
82 | XSLoader::load "EV", $VERSION; |
76 | } |
83 | } |
77 | |
84 | |
78 | @EV::IO::ISA = |
85 | @EV::IO::ISA = |
… | |
… | |
84 | @EV::Idle::ISA = |
91 | @EV::Idle::ISA = |
85 | @EV::Prepare::ISA = |
92 | @EV::Prepare::ISA = |
86 | @EV::Check::ISA = |
93 | @EV::Check::ISA = |
87 | @EV::Embed::ISA = |
94 | @EV::Embed::ISA = |
88 | @EV::Fork::ISA = |
95 | @EV::Fork::ISA = |
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96 | @EV::Async::ISA = |
89 | "EV::Watcher"; |
97 | "EV::Watcher"; |
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98 | |
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99 | @EV::Loop::Default::ISA = "EV::Loop"; |
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100 | |
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101 | =head1 EVENT LOOPS |
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102 | |
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103 | EV supports multiple event loops: There is a single "default event loop" |
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104 | that can handle everything including signals and child watchers, and any |
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105 | number of "dynamic event loops" that can use different backends (with |
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106 | various limitations), but no child and signal watchers. |
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107 | |
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108 | You do not have to do anything to create the default event loop: When |
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109 | the module is loaded a suitable backend is selected on the premise of |
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110 | selecting a working backend (which for example rules out kqueue on most |
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111 | BSDs). Modules should, unless they have "special needs" always use the |
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112 | default loop as this is fastest (perl-wise), best supported by other |
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113 | modules (e.g. AnyEvent or Coro) and most portable event loop. |
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114 | |
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115 | For specific programs you can create additional event loops dynamically. |
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116 | |
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117 | If you want to take avdantage of kqueue (which often works properly for |
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118 | sockets only) even though the default loop doesn't enable it, you can |
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119 | I<embed> a kqueue loop into the default loop: running the default loop |
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120 | will then also service the kqueue loop to some extent. See the example in |
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121 | the section about embed watchers for an example on how to achieve that. |
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122 | |
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123 | =over 4 |
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124 | |
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125 | =item $loop = new EV::loop [$flags] |
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126 | |
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127 | Create a new event loop as per the specified flags. Please refer to the |
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128 | C<ev_loop_new ()> function description in the libev documentation |
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129 | (L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#GLOBAL_FUNCTIONS>) |
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130 | for more info. |
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131 | |
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132 | The loop will automatically be destroyed when it is no longer referenced |
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133 | by any watcher and the loop object goes out of scope. |
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134 | |
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135 | Using C<EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK> is recommended, as only the default event loop |
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136 | is protected by this module. |
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137 | |
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138 | =item $loop->loop_fork |
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139 | |
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140 | Must be called after a fork in the child, before entering or continuing |
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141 | the event loop. An alternative is to use C<EV::FLAG_FORKCHECK> which calls |
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142 | this function automatically, at some performance loss (refer to the libev |
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143 | documentation). |
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144 | |
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145 | =item $loop->loop_verify |
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146 | |
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147 | Calls C<ev_verify> to make internal consistency checks (for debugging |
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148 | libev) and abort the program if any data structures were found to be |
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149 | corrupted. |
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150 | |
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151 | =item $loop = EV::default_loop [$flags] |
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152 | |
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153 | Return the default loop (which is a singleton object). Since this module |
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154 | already creates the default loop with default flags, specifying flags here |
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155 | will not have any effect unless you destroy the default loop first, which |
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156 | isn't supported. So in short: don't do it, and if you break it, you get to |
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157 | keep the pieces. |
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158 | |
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159 | =back |
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160 | |
90 | |
161 | |
91 | =head1 BASIC INTERFACE |
162 | =head1 BASIC INTERFACE |
92 | |
163 | |
93 | =over 4 |
164 | =over 4 |
94 | |
165 | |
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98 | throws an exception (with $@ containing the error). The default prints an |
169 | throws an exception (with $@ containing the error). The default prints an |
99 | informative message and continues. |
170 | informative message and continues. |
100 | |
171 | |
101 | If this callback throws an exception it will be silently ignored. |
172 | If this callback throws an exception it will be silently ignored. |
102 | |
173 | |
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174 | =item $flags = EV::supported_backends |
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175 | |
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176 | =item $flags = EV::recommended_backends |
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177 | |
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178 | =item $flags = EV::embeddable_backends |
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179 | |
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180 | Returns the set (see C<EV::BACKEND_*> flags) of backends supported by this |
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181 | instance of EV, the set of recommended backends (supposed to be good) for |
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182 | this platform and the set of embeddable backends (see EMBED WATCHERS). |
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183 | |
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184 | =item EV::sleep $seconds |
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185 | |
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186 | Block the process for the given number of (fractional) seconds. |
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187 | |
103 | =item $time = EV::time |
188 | =item $time = EV::time |
104 | |
189 | |
105 | Returns the current time in (fractional) seconds since the epoch. |
190 | Returns the current time in (fractional) seconds since the epoch. |
106 | |
191 | |
107 | =item $time = EV::now |
192 | =item $time = EV::now |
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193 | |
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194 | =item $time = $loop->now |
108 | |
195 | |
109 | Returns the time the last event loop iteration has been started. This |
196 | Returns the time the last event loop iteration has been started. This |
110 | is the time that (relative) timers are based on, and refering to it is |
197 | is the time that (relative) timers are based on, and refering to it is |
111 | usually faster then calling EV::time. |
198 | usually faster then calling EV::time. |
112 | |
199 | |
113 | =item $method = EV::method |
200 | =item $backend = EV::backend |
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201 | |
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202 | =item $backend = $loop->backend |
114 | |
203 | |
115 | Returns an integer describing the backend used by libev (EV::METHOD_SELECT |
204 | Returns an integer describing the backend used by libev (EV::METHOD_SELECT |
116 | or EV::METHOD_EPOLL). |
205 | or EV::METHOD_EPOLL). |
117 | |
206 | |
118 | =item EV::loop [$flags] |
207 | =item EV::loop [$flags] |
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208 | |
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209 | =item $loop->loop ([$flags]) |
119 | |
210 | |
120 | Begin checking for events and calling callbacks. It returns when a |
211 | Begin checking for events and calling callbacks. It returns when a |
121 | callback calls EV::unloop. |
212 | callback calls EV::unloop. |
122 | |
213 | |
123 | The $flags argument can be one of the following: |
214 | The $flags argument can be one of the following: |
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126 | EV::LOOP_ONESHOT block at most once (wait, but do not loop) |
217 | EV::LOOP_ONESHOT block at most once (wait, but do not loop) |
127 | EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK do not block at all (fetch/handle events but do not wait) |
218 | EV::LOOP_NONBLOCK do not block at all (fetch/handle events but do not wait) |
128 | |
219 | |
129 | =item EV::unloop [$how] |
220 | =item EV::unloop [$how] |
130 | |
221 | |
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222 | =item $loop->unloop ([$how]) |
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223 | |
131 | When called with no arguments or an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ONE, makes the |
224 | When called with no arguments or an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ONE, makes the |
132 | innermost call to EV::loop return. |
225 | innermost call to EV::loop return. |
133 | |
226 | |
134 | When called with an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ALL, all calls to EV::loop will return as |
227 | When called with an argument of EV::UNLOOP_ALL, all calls to EV::loop will return as |
135 | fast as possible. |
228 | fast as possible. |
136 | |
229 | |
137 | =item $count = EV::loop_count |
230 | =item $count = EV::loop_count |
138 | |
231 | |
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232 | =item $count = $loop->loop_count |
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233 | |
139 | Return the number of times the event loop has polled for new |
234 | Return the number of times the event loop has polled for new |
140 | events. Sometiems useful as a generation counter. |
235 | events. Sometiems useful as a generation counter. |
141 | |
236 | |
142 | =item EV::once $fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents) |
237 | =item EV::once $fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents) |
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238 | |
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239 | =item $loop->once ($fh_or_undef, $events, $timeout, $cb->($revents)) |
143 | |
240 | |
144 | This function rolls together an I/O and a timer watcher for a single |
241 | This function rolls together an I/O and a timer watcher for a single |
145 | one-shot event without the need for managing a watcher object. |
242 | one-shot event without the need for managing a watcher object. |
146 | |
243 | |
147 | If C<$fh_or_undef> is a filehandle or file descriptor, then C<$events> |
244 | If C<$fh_or_undef> is a filehandle or file descriptor, then C<$events> |
… | |
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153 | If timeout is C<undef> or negative, then there will be no |
250 | If timeout is C<undef> or negative, then there will be no |
154 | timeout. Otherwise a EV::timer with this value will be started. |
251 | timeout. Otherwise a EV::timer with this value will be started. |
155 | |
252 | |
156 | When an error occurs or either the timeout or I/O watcher triggers, then |
253 | When an error occurs or either the timeout or I/O watcher triggers, then |
157 | the callback will be called with the received event set (in general |
254 | the callback will be called with the received event set (in general |
158 | you can expect it to be a combination of C<EV:ERROR>, C<EV::READ>, |
255 | you can expect it to be a combination of C<EV::ERROR>, C<EV::READ>, |
159 | C<EV::WRITE> and C<EV::TIMEOUT>). |
256 | C<EV::WRITE> and C<EV::TIMEOUT>). |
160 | |
257 | |
161 | EV::once doesn't return anything: the watchers stay active till either |
258 | EV::once doesn't return anything: the watchers stay active till either |
162 | of them triggers, then they will be stopped and freed, and the callback |
259 | of them triggers, then they will be stopped and freed, and the callback |
163 | invoked. |
260 | invoked. |
164 | |
261 | |
165 | =item EV::feed_fd_event ($fd, $revents) |
262 | =item EV::feed_fd_event ($fd, $revents) |
166 | |
263 | |
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264 | =item $loop->feed_fd_event ($fd, $revents) |
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265 | |
167 | Feed an event on a file descriptor into EV. EV will react to this call as |
266 | Feed an event on a file descriptor into EV. EV will react to this call as |
168 | if the readyness notifications specified by C<$revents> (a combination of |
267 | if the readyness notifications specified by C<$revents> (a combination of |
169 | C<EV::READ> and C<EV::WRITE>) happened on the file descriptor C<$fd>. |
268 | C<EV::READ> and C<EV::WRITE>) happened on the file descriptor C<$fd>. |
170 | |
269 | |
171 | =item EV::feed_signal_event ($signal) |
270 | =item EV::feed_signal_event ($signal) |
172 | |
271 | |
173 | Feed a signal event into EV. EV will react to this call as if the signal |
272 | Feed a signal event into EV. EV will react to this call as if the signal |
174 | specified by C<$signal> had occured. |
273 | specified by C<$signal> had occured. |
175 | |
274 | |
176 | =back |
275 | =item EV::set_io_collect_interval $time |
177 | |
276 | |
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277 | =item $loop->set_io_collect_interval ($time) |
178 | |
278 | |
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279 | =item EV::set_timeout_collect_interval $time |
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280 | |
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281 | =item $loop->set_timeout_collect_interval ($time) |
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282 | |
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283 | These advanced functions set the minimum block interval when polling for I/O events and the minimum |
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284 | wait interval for timer events. See the libev documentation at |
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285 | L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#FUNCTIONS_CONTROLLING_THE_EVENT_LOOP> for |
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286 | a more detailed discussion. |
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287 | |
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288 | =back |
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289 | |
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290 | |
179 | =head2 WATCHER OBJECTS |
291 | =head1 WATCHER OBJECTS |
180 | |
292 | |
181 | A watcher is an object that gets created to record your interest in some |
293 | A watcher is an object that gets created to record your interest in some |
182 | event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to become readable, you |
294 | event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to become readable, you |
183 | would create an EV::io watcher for that: |
295 | would create an EV::io watcher for that: |
184 | |
296 | |
185 | my $watcher = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub { |
297 | my $watcher = EV::io *STDIN, EV::READ, sub { |
186 | my ($watcher, $revents) = @_; |
298 | my ($watcher, $revents) = @_; |
187 | warn "yeah, STDIN should not be readable without blocking!\n" |
299 | warn "yeah, STDIN should now be readable without blocking!\n" |
188 | }; |
300 | }; |
189 | |
301 | |
190 | All watchers can be active (waiting for events) or inactive (paused). Only |
302 | All watchers can be active (waiting for events) or inactive (paused). Only |
191 | active watchers will have their callbacks invoked. All callbacks will be |
303 | active watchers will have their callbacks invoked. All callbacks will be |
192 | called with at least two arguments: the watcher and a bitmask of received |
304 | called with at least two arguments: the watcher and a bitmask of received |
193 | events. |
305 | events. |
… | |
… | |
276 | Feed some events on this watcher into EV. EV will react to this call as if |
388 | Feed some events on this watcher into EV. EV will react to this call as if |
277 | the watcher had received the given C<$revents> mask. |
389 | the watcher had received the given C<$revents> mask. |
278 | |
390 | |
279 | =item $revents = $w->clear_pending |
391 | =item $revents = $w->clear_pending |
280 | |
392 | |
281 | If the watcher is pending, this function returns clears its pending status |
393 | If the watcher is pending, this function clears its pending status and |
282 | and returns its C<$revents> bitset (as if its callback was invoked). If the |
394 | returns its C<$revents> bitset (as if its callback was invoked). If the |
283 | watcher isn't pending it does nothing and returns C<0>. |
395 | watcher isn't pending it does nothing and returns C<0>. |
284 | |
396 | |
285 | =item $previous_state = $w->keepalive ($bool) |
397 | =item $previous_state = $w->keepalive ($bool) |
286 | |
398 | |
287 | Normally, C<EV::loop> will return when there are no active watchers |
399 | Normally, C<EV::loop> will return when there are no active watchers |
288 | (which is a "deadlock" because no progress can be made anymore). This is |
400 | (which is a "deadlock" because no progress can be made anymore). This is |
289 | convinient because it allows you to start your watchers (and your jobs), |
401 | convinient because it allows you to start your watchers (and your jobs), |
290 | call C<EV::loop> once and when it returns you know that all your jobs are |
402 | call C<EV::loop> once and when it returns you know that all your jobs are |
291 | finished (or they forgot to register some watchers for their task :). |
403 | finished (or they forgot to register some watchers for their task :). |
292 | |
404 | |
293 | Sometimes, however, this gets in your way, for example when you the module |
405 | Sometimes, however, this gets in your way, for example when the module |
294 | that calls C<EV::loop> (usually the main program) is not the same module |
406 | that calls C<EV::loop> (usually the main program) is not the same module |
295 | as a long-living watcher (for example a DNS client module written by |
407 | as a long-living watcher (for example a DNS client module written by |
296 | somebody else even). Then you might want any outstanding requests to be |
408 | somebody else even). Then you might want any outstanding requests to be |
297 | handled, but you would not want to keep C<EV::loop> from returning just |
409 | handled, but you would not want to keep C<EV::loop> from returning just |
298 | because you happen to have this long-running UDP port watcher. |
410 | because you happen to have this long-running UDP port watcher. |
… | |
… | |
308 | |
420 | |
309 | my $udp_socket = ... |
421 | my $udp_socket = ... |
310 | my $udp_watcher = EV::io $udp_socket, EV::READ, sub { ... }; |
422 | my $udp_watcher = EV::io $udp_socket, EV::READ, sub { ... }; |
311 | $udp_watcher->keepalive (0); |
423 | $udp_watcher->keepalive (0); |
312 | |
424 | |
313 | =back |
425 | =item $loop = $w->loop |
314 | |
426 | |
|
|
427 | Return the loop that this watcher is attached to. |
315 | |
428 | |
|
|
429 | =back |
|
|
430 | |
|
|
431 | |
316 | =head2 WATCHER TYPES |
432 | =head1 WATCHER TYPES |
317 | |
433 | |
318 | Each of the following subsections describes a single watcher type. |
434 | Each of the following subsections describes a single watcher type. |
319 | |
435 | |
320 | =head3 I/O WATCHERS - is this file descriptor readable or writable? |
436 | =head3 I/O WATCHERS - is this file descriptor readable or writable? |
321 | |
437 | |
322 | =over 4 |
438 | =over 4 |
323 | |
439 | |
324 | =item $w = EV::io $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback |
440 | =item $w = EV::io $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback |
325 | |
441 | |
326 | =item $w = EV::io_ns $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback |
442 | =item $w = EV::io_ns $fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback |
|
|
443 | |
|
|
444 | =item $w = $loop->io ($fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback) |
|
|
445 | |
|
|
446 | =item $w = $loop->io_ns ($fileno_or_fh, $eventmask, $callback) |
327 | |
447 | |
328 | As long as the returned watcher object is alive, call the C<$callback> |
448 | As long as the returned watcher object is alive, call the C<$callback> |
329 | when at least one of events specified in C<$eventmask> occurs. |
449 | when at least one of events specified in C<$eventmask> occurs. |
330 | |
450 | |
331 | The $eventmask can be one or more of these constants ORed together: |
451 | The $eventmask can be one or more of these constants ORed together: |
… | |
… | |
360 | =over 4 |
480 | =over 4 |
361 | |
481 | |
362 | =item $w = EV::timer $after, $repeat, $callback |
482 | =item $w = EV::timer $after, $repeat, $callback |
363 | |
483 | |
364 | =item $w = EV::timer_ns $after, $repeat, $callback |
484 | =item $w = EV::timer_ns $after, $repeat, $callback |
|
|
485 | |
|
|
486 | =item $w = $loop->timer ($after, $repeat, $callback) |
|
|
487 | |
|
|
488 | =item $w = $loop->timer_ns ($after, $repeat, $callback) |
365 | |
489 | |
366 | Calls the callback after C<$after> seconds (which may be fractional). If |
490 | Calls the callback after C<$after> seconds (which may be fractional). If |
367 | C<$repeat> is non-zero, the timer will be restarted (with the $repeat |
491 | C<$repeat> is non-zero, the timer will be restarted (with the $repeat |
368 | value as $after) after the callback returns. |
492 | value as $after) after the callback returns. |
369 | |
493 | |
… | |
… | |
410 | =over 4 |
534 | =over 4 |
411 | |
535 | |
412 | =item $w = EV::periodic $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback |
536 | =item $w = EV::periodic $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback |
413 | |
537 | |
414 | =item $w = EV::periodic_ns $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback |
538 | =item $w = EV::periodic_ns $at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback |
|
|
539 | |
|
|
540 | =item $w = $loop->periodic ($at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback) |
|
|
541 | |
|
|
542 | =item $w = $loop->periodic_ns ($at, $interval, $reschedule_cb, $callback) |
415 | |
543 | |
416 | Similar to EV::timer, but is not based on relative timeouts but on |
544 | Similar to EV::timer, but is not based on relative timeouts but on |
417 | absolute times. Apart from creating "simple" timers that trigger "at" the |
545 | absolute times. Apart from creating "simple" timers that trigger "at" the |
418 | specified time, it can also be used for non-drifting absolute timers and |
546 | specified time, it can also be used for non-drifting absolute timers and |
419 | more complex, cron-like, setups that are not adversely affected by time |
547 | more complex, cron-like, setups that are not adversely affected by time |
… | |
… | |
429 | This time simply fires at the wallclock time C<$at> and doesn't repeat. It |
557 | This time simply fires at the wallclock time C<$at> and doesn't repeat. It |
430 | will not adjust when a time jump occurs, that is, if it is to be run |
558 | will not adjust when a time jump occurs, that is, if it is to be run |
431 | at January 1st 2011 then it will run when the system time reaches or |
559 | at January 1st 2011 then it will run when the system time reaches or |
432 | surpasses this time. |
560 | surpasses this time. |
433 | |
561 | |
434 | =item * non-repeating interval timer ($interval > 0, $reschedule_cb = 0) |
562 | =item * repeating interval timer ($interval > 0, $reschedule_cb = 0) |
435 | |
563 | |
436 | In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the |
564 | In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the |
437 | next C<$at + N * $interval> time (for some integer N) and then repeat, |
565 | next C<$at + N * $interval> time (for some integer N) and then repeat, |
438 | regardless of any time jumps. |
566 | regardless of any time jumps. |
439 | |
567 | |
… | |
… | |
457 | time the periodic watcher gets scheduled, the reschedule callback |
585 | time the periodic watcher gets scheduled, the reschedule callback |
458 | ($reschedule_cb) will be called with the watcher as first, and the current |
586 | ($reschedule_cb) will be called with the watcher as first, and the current |
459 | time as second argument. |
587 | time as second argument. |
460 | |
588 | |
461 | I<This callback MUST NOT stop or destroy this or any other periodic |
589 | I<This callback MUST NOT stop or destroy this or any other periodic |
462 | watcher, ever>. If you need to stop it, return 1e30 and stop it |
590 | watcher, ever, and MUST NOT call any event loop functions or methods>. If |
463 | afterwards. |
591 | you need to stop it, return 1e30 and stop it afterwards. You may create |
|
|
592 | and start a C<EV::prepare> watcher for this task. |
464 | |
593 | |
465 | It must return the next time to trigger, based on the passed time value |
594 | It must return the next time to trigger, based on the passed time value |
466 | (that is, the lowest time value larger than to the second argument). It |
595 | (that is, the lowest time value larger than or equal to to the second |
467 | will usually be called just before the callback will be triggered, but |
596 | argument). It will usually be called just before the callback will be |
468 | might be called at other times, too. |
597 | triggered, but might be called at other times, too. |
469 | |
598 | |
470 | This can be used to create very complex timers, such as a timer that |
599 | This can be used to create very complex timers, such as a timer that |
471 | triggers on each midnight, local time (actually 24 hours after the last |
600 | triggers on each midnight, local time (actually 24 hours after the last |
472 | midnight, to keep the example simple. If you know a way to do it correctly |
601 | midnight, to keep the example simple. If you know a way to do it correctly |
473 | in about the same space (without requiring elaborate modules), drop me a |
602 | in about the same space (without requiring elaborate modules), drop me a |
… | |
… | |
494 | |
623 | |
495 | =item $w->again |
624 | =item $w->again |
496 | |
625 | |
497 | Simply stops and starts the watcher again. |
626 | Simply stops and starts the watcher again. |
498 | |
627 | |
|
|
628 | =item $time = $w->at |
|
|
629 | |
|
|
630 | Return the time that the watcher is expected to trigger next. |
|
|
631 | |
499 | =back |
632 | =back |
500 | |
633 | |
501 | |
634 | |
502 | =head3 SIGNAL WATCHERS - signal me when a signal gets signalled! |
635 | =head3 SIGNAL WATCHERS - signal me when a signal gets signalled! |
503 | |
636 | |
… | |
… | |
536 | |
669 | |
537 | =head3 CHILD WATCHERS - watch out for process status changes |
670 | =head3 CHILD WATCHERS - watch out for process status changes |
538 | |
671 | |
539 | =over 4 |
672 | =over 4 |
540 | |
673 | |
541 | =item $w = EV::child $pid, $callback |
674 | =item $w = EV::child $pid, $trace, $callback |
542 | |
675 | |
543 | =item $w = EV::child_ns $pid, $callback |
676 | =item $w = EV::child_ns $pid, $trace, $callback |
544 | |
677 | |
|
|
678 | =item $w = $loop->child ($pid, $trace, $callback) |
|
|
679 | |
|
|
680 | =item $w = $loop->child_ns ($pid, $trace, $callback) |
|
|
681 | |
545 | Call the callback when a status change for pid C<$pid> (or any pid if |
682 | Call the callback when a status change for pid C<$pid> (or any pid |
546 | C<$pid> is 0) has been received. More precisely: when the process receives |
683 | if C<$pid> is 0) has been received (a status change happens when the |
|
|
684 | process terminates or is killed, or, when trace is true, additionally when |
|
|
685 | it is stopped or continued). More precisely: when the process receives |
547 | a C<SIGCHLD>, EV will fetch the outstanding exit/wait status for all |
686 | a C<SIGCHLD>, EV will fetch the outstanding exit/wait status for all |
548 | changed/zombie children and call the callback. |
687 | changed/zombie children and call the callback. |
549 | |
688 | |
550 | It is valid (and fully supported) to install a child watcher after a child |
689 | It is valid (and fully supported) to install a child watcher after a child |
551 | has exited but before the event loop has started its next iteration (for |
690 | has exited but before the event loop has started its next iteration (for |
… | |
… | |
558 | You can have as many pid watchers per pid as you want, they will all be |
697 | You can have as many pid watchers per pid as you want, they will all be |
559 | called. |
698 | called. |
560 | |
699 | |
561 | The C<child_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
700 | The C<child_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
562 | |
701 | |
563 | =item $w->set ($pid) |
702 | =item $w->set ($pid, $trace) |
564 | |
703 | |
565 | Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be called at |
704 | Reconfigures the watcher, see the constructor above for details. Can be called at |
566 | any time. |
705 | any time. |
567 | |
706 | |
568 | =item $current_pid = $w->pid |
707 | =item $current_pid = $w->pid |
569 | |
708 | |
570 | =item $old_pid = $w->pid ($new_pid) |
|
|
571 | |
|
|
572 | Returns the previously set process id and optionally set a new one. |
709 | Returns the previously set process id and optionally set a new one. |
573 | |
710 | |
574 | =item $exit_status = $w->rstatus |
711 | =item $exit_status = $w->rstatus |
575 | |
712 | |
576 | Return the exit/wait status (as returned by waitpid, see the waitpid entry |
713 | Return the exit/wait status (as returned by waitpid, see the waitpid entry |
… | |
… | |
589 | =over 4 |
726 | =over 4 |
590 | |
727 | |
591 | =item $w = EV::stat $path, $interval, $callback |
728 | =item $w = EV::stat $path, $interval, $callback |
592 | |
729 | |
593 | =item $w = EV::stat_ns $path, $interval, $callback |
730 | =item $w = EV::stat_ns $path, $interval, $callback |
|
|
731 | |
|
|
732 | =item $w = $loop->stat ($path, $interval, $callback) |
|
|
733 | |
|
|
734 | =item $w = $loop->stat_ns ($path, $interval, $callback) |
594 | |
735 | |
595 | Call the callback when a file status change has been detected on |
736 | Call the callback when a file status change has been detected on |
596 | C<$path>. The C<$path> does not need to exist, changing from "path exists" |
737 | C<$path>. The C<$path> does not need to exist, changing from "path exists" |
597 | to "path does not exist" is a status change like any other. |
738 | to "path does not exist" is a status change like any other. |
598 | |
739 | |
… | |
… | |
668 | =over 4 |
809 | =over 4 |
669 | |
810 | |
670 | =item $w = EV::idle $callback |
811 | =item $w = EV::idle $callback |
671 | |
812 | |
672 | =item $w = EV::idle_ns $callback |
813 | =item $w = EV::idle_ns $callback |
|
|
814 | |
|
|
815 | =item $w = $loop->idle ($callback) |
|
|
816 | |
|
|
817 | =item $w = $loop->idle_ns ($callback) |
673 | |
818 | |
674 | Call the callback when there are no other pending watchers of the same or |
819 | Call the callback when there are no other pending watchers of the same or |
675 | higher priority (excluding check, prepare and other idle watchers of the |
820 | higher priority (excluding check, prepare and other idle watchers of the |
676 | same or lower priority, of course). They are called idle watchers because |
821 | same or lower priority, of course). They are called idle watchers because |
677 | when the watcher is the highest priority pending event in the process, the |
822 | when the watcher is the highest priority pending event in the process, the |
… | |
… | |
700 | |
845 | |
701 | =item $w = EV::prepare $callback |
846 | =item $w = EV::prepare $callback |
702 | |
847 | |
703 | =item $w = EV::prepare_ns $callback |
848 | =item $w = EV::prepare_ns $callback |
704 | |
849 | |
|
|
850 | =item $w = $loop->prepare ($callback) |
|
|
851 | |
|
|
852 | =item $w = $loop->prepare_ns ($callback) |
|
|
853 | |
705 | Call the callback just before the process would block. You can still |
854 | Call the callback just before the process would block. You can still |
706 | create/modify any watchers at this point. |
855 | create/modify any watchers at this point. |
707 | |
856 | |
708 | See the EV::check watcher, below, for explanations and an example. |
857 | See the EV::check watcher, below, for explanations and an example. |
709 | |
858 | |
… | |
… | |
717 | =over 4 |
866 | =over 4 |
718 | |
867 | |
719 | =item $w = EV::check $callback |
868 | =item $w = EV::check $callback |
720 | |
869 | |
721 | =item $w = EV::check_ns $callback |
870 | =item $w = EV::check_ns $callback |
|
|
871 | |
|
|
872 | =item $w = $loop->check ($callback) |
|
|
873 | |
|
|
874 | =item $w = $loop->check_ns ($callback) |
722 | |
875 | |
723 | Call the callback just after the process wakes up again (after it has |
876 | Call the callback just after the process wakes up again (after it has |
724 | gathered events), but before any other callbacks have been invoked. |
877 | gathered events), but before any other callbacks have been invoked. |
725 | |
878 | |
726 | This is used to integrate other event-based software into the EV |
879 | This is used to integrate other event-based software into the EV |
… | |
… | |
781 | |
934 | |
782 | =item $w = EV::fork $callback |
935 | =item $w = EV::fork $callback |
783 | |
936 | |
784 | =item $w = EV::fork_ns $callback |
937 | =item $w = EV::fork_ns $callback |
785 | |
938 | |
|
|
939 | =item $w = $loop->fork ($callback) |
|
|
940 | |
|
|
941 | =item $w = $loop->fork_ns ($callback) |
|
|
942 | |
786 | Call the callback before the event loop is resumed in the child process |
943 | Call the callback before the event loop is resumed in the child process |
787 | after a fork. |
944 | after a fork. |
788 | |
945 | |
789 | The C<fork_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
946 | The C<fork_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
|
|
947 | |
|
|
948 | =back |
|
|
949 | |
|
|
950 | |
|
|
951 | =head3 EMBED WATCHERS - when one backend isn't enough... |
|
|
952 | |
|
|
953 | This is a rather advanced watcher type that lets you embed one event loop |
|
|
954 | into another (currently only IO events are supported in the embedded |
|
|
955 | loop, other types of watchers might be handled in a delayed or incorrect |
|
|
956 | fashion and must not be used). |
|
|
957 | |
|
|
958 | See the libev documentation at |
|
|
959 | L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod#code_ev_embed_code_when_one_backend_> |
|
|
960 | for more details. |
|
|
961 | |
|
|
962 | In short, this watcher is most useful on BSD systems without working |
|
|
963 | kqueue to still be able to handle a large number of sockets: |
|
|
964 | |
|
|
965 | my $socket_loop; |
|
|
966 | |
|
|
967 | # check wether we use SELECT or POLL _and_ KQUEUE is supported |
|
|
968 | if ( |
|
|
969 | (EV::backend & (EV::BACKEND_POLL | EV::BACKEND_SELECT)) |
|
|
970 | && (EV::supported_backends & EV::embeddable_backends & EV::BACKEND_KQUEUE) |
|
|
971 | ) { |
|
|
972 | # use kqueue for sockets |
|
|
973 | $socket_loop = new EV::Loop EV::BACKEND_KQUEUE | EV::FLAG_NOENV; |
|
|
974 | } |
|
|
975 | |
|
|
976 | # use the default loop otherwise |
|
|
977 | $socket_loop ||= EV::default_loop; |
|
|
978 | |
|
|
979 | =over 4 |
|
|
980 | |
|
|
981 | =item $w = EV::embed $otherloop, $callback |
|
|
982 | |
|
|
983 | =item $w = EV::embed_ns $otherloop, $callback |
|
|
984 | |
|
|
985 | =item $w = $loop->embed ($otherloop, $callback) |
|
|
986 | |
|
|
987 | =item $w = $loop->embed_ns ($otherloop, $callback) |
|
|
988 | |
|
|
989 | Call the callback when the embedded event loop (C<$otherloop>) has any |
|
|
990 | I/O activity. The C<$callback> should alwas be specified as C<undef> in |
|
|
991 | this version of EV, which means the embedded event loop will be managed |
|
|
992 | automatically. |
|
|
993 | |
|
|
994 | The C<embed_ns> variant doesn't start (activate) the newly created watcher. |
|
|
995 | |
|
|
996 | =back |
|
|
997 | |
|
|
998 | =head3 ASYNC WATCHERS - how to wake up another event loop |
|
|
999 | |
|
|
1000 | Async watchers are provided by EV, but have little use in perl directly, as perl |
|
|
1001 | neither supports threads nor direct access to signal handlers or other |
|
|
1002 | contexts where they could be of value. |
|
|
1003 | |
|
|
1004 | It is, however, possible to use them from the XS level. |
|
|
1005 | |
|
|
1006 | Please see the libev documentation for further details. |
|
|
1007 | |
|
|
1008 | =over 4 |
|
|
1009 | |
|
|
1010 | =item $w = EV::async $callback |
|
|
1011 | |
|
|
1012 | =item $w = EV::async_ns $callback |
|
|
1013 | |
|
|
1014 | =item $w->send |
|
|
1015 | |
|
|
1016 | =item $bool = $w->async_pending |
790 | |
1017 | |
791 | =back |
1018 | =back |
792 | |
1019 | |
793 | |
1020 | |
794 | =head1 PERL SIGNALS |
1021 | =head1 PERL SIGNALS |
… | |
… | |
805 | to be called on every event loop iteration by installing a C<EV::check> |
1032 | to be called on every event loop iteration by installing a C<EV::check> |
806 | watcher: |
1033 | watcher: |
807 | |
1034 | |
808 | my $async_check = EV::check sub { }; |
1035 | my $async_check = EV::check sub { }; |
809 | |
1036 | |
810 | This ensures that perl shortly gets into control for a short time, and |
1037 | This ensures that perl gets into control for a short time to handle any |
811 | also ensures slower overall operation. |
1038 | pending signals, and also ensures (slightly) slower overall operation. |
812 | |
1039 | |
813 | =head1 THREADS |
1040 | =head1 THREADS |
814 | |
1041 | |
815 | Threads are not supported by this module in any way. Perl pseudo-threads |
1042 | Threads are not supported by this module in any way. Perl pseudo-threads |
816 | is evil stuff and must die. As soon as Perl gains real threads I will work |
1043 | is evil stuff and must die. As soon as Perl gains real threads I will work |
… | |
… | |
838 | our $DIED = sub { |
1065 | our $DIED = sub { |
839 | warn "EV: error in callback (ignoring): $@"; |
1066 | warn "EV: error in callback (ignoring): $@"; |
840 | }; |
1067 | }; |
841 | |
1068 | |
842 | default_loop |
1069 | default_loop |
843 | or die 'EV: cannot initialise libev backend. bad $ENV{LIBEV_METHODS}?'; |
1070 | or die 'EV: cannot initialise libev backend. bad $ENV{LIBEV_FLAGS}?'; |
844 | |
1071 | |
845 | 1; |
1072 | 1; |
846 | |
1073 | |
847 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
1074 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
848 | |
1075 | |
849 | L<EV::ADNS> (asynchronous dns), L<Glib::EV> (makes Glib/Gtk2 use EV as |
1076 | L<EV::ADNS> (asynchronous DNS), L<Glib::EV> (makes Glib/Gtk2 use EV as |
850 | event loop), L<Coro::EV> (efficient coroutines with EV). |
1077 | event loop), L<EV::Glib> (embed Glib into EV), L<Coro::EV> (efficient |
|
|
1078 | coroutines with EV), L<Net::SNMP::EV> (asynchronous SNMP), L<AnyEvent> for |
|
|
1079 | event-loop agnostic and portable event driven programming. |
851 | |
1080 | |
852 | =head1 AUTHOR |
1081 | =head1 AUTHOR |
853 | |
1082 | |
854 | Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |
1083 | Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de> |
855 | http://home.schmorp.de/ |
1084 | http://home.schmorp.de/ |
856 | |
1085 | |
857 | =cut |
1086 | =cut |
858 | |
1087 | |