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Revision 1.7 by pcg, Wed Jan 18 13:15:07 2006 UTC vs.
Revision 1.8 by pcg, Thu Aug 7 17:54:26 2008 UTC

1
1 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
2 Version 2, June 1991 3 Version 3, 29 June 2007
3 4
4 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5 Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
5 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
6 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 6 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
7 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 7 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
8 8
9 Preamble 9 Preamble
10 10
11 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 11 The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
12freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 12software and other kinds of works.
13License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 13
14software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 14 The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
15General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 15to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
16Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 16the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
17using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 17share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
18the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 18software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
19GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
20any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
19your programs, too. 21your programs, too.
20 22
21 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 23 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
22price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 24price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
23have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 25have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
24this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 26them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
25if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 27want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
26in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 28free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
27 29
28 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 30 To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
29anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 31these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
30These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 32certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
31distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 33you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
32 34
33 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 35 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
34gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 36gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
35you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 37freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive
36source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 38or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they
37rights. 39know their rights.
38 40
39 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 41 Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
40(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 42(1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
41distribute and/or modify the software. 43giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
42 44
43 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 45 For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
44that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 46that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and
45software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 47authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
46want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 48changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
47that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 49authors of previous versions.
48authors' reputations.
49 50
51 Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
52modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
53can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
54protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic
55pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to
56use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we
57have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those
58products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we
59stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions
60of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.
61
50 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 62 Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
51patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 63States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
52program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 64software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
53program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 65avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
54patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 66make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that
67patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
55 68
56 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 69 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
57modification follow. 70modification follow.
58
59 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
60 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
61 71
62 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains 72 TERMS AND CONDITIONS
63a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
64under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
65refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
66means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
67that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
68either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
69language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
70the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
71 73
72Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 74 0. Definitions.
73covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
74running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
75is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
76Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
77Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
78 75
79 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 76 "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
80source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 77
81conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 78 "Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
82copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 79works, such as semiconductor masks.
83notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 80
84and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 81 "The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
82License. Each licensee is addressed as "you". "Licensees" and
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85 To "modify" a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work
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90 A "covered work" means either the unmodified Program or a work based
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88you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 94permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
95infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
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97distribution (with or without modification), making available to the
98public, and in some countries other activities as well.
89 99
90 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 100 To "convey" a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
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92distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 102a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.
93above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
94 103
95 a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 104 An interactive user interface displays "Appropriate Legal Notices"
96 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 105to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
106feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
107tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the
108extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the
109work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
110the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
111menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.
97 112
98 b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 113 1. Source Code.
99 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
100 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
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102 114
103 c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
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105 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
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107 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
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113
114These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
115identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
116and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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118sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
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128
129In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
130with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
131a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
132the scope of this License.
133
134 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
135under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
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138 a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
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142 b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
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148
149 c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
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155The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 115 The "source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work
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164itself accompanies the executable.
165 118
166If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 119 A "Standard Interface" means an interface that either is an official
167access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 120standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
168access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 121interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
169distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 122is widely used among developers working in that language.
170compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 123
171 124 The "System Libraries" of an executable work include anything, other
172 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 125than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
173except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 126packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
174otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 127Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
128Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
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135 The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code form means all
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140programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but
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148 The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users
149can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding
150Source.
151
152 The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that
153same work.
154
155 2. Basic Permissions.
156
157 All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
158copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
159conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
160permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
161covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its
162content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your
163rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
164
165 You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not
166convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains
167in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose
168of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you
169with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with
170the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do
171not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works
172for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction
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174your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.
175
176 Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under
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179
180 3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
181
182 No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
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185similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
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188 When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
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195
196 4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
197
198 You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
199receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
200appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice;
201keep intact all notices stating that this License and any
202non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code;
203keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
204recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.
205
206 You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
207and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
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209 5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
210
211 You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
212produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the
213terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
214
215 a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified
216 it, and giving a relevant date.
217
218 b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is
219 released under this License and any conditions added under section
220 7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to
221 "keep intact all notices".
222
223 c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this
224 License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This
225 License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7
226 additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts,
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229 invalidate such permission if you have separately received it.
230
231 d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
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234 work need not make them do so.
235
236 A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
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238and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program,
239in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
240"aggregate" if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not
241used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users
242beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
243in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
244parts of the aggregate.
245
246 6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
247
248 You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms
249of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the
250machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License,
251in one of these ways:
252
253 a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
254 (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the
255 Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium
256 customarily used for software interchange.
257
258 b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
259 (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a
260 written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as
261 long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product
262 model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a
263 copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
264 product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical
265 medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no
266 more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
267 conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the
268 Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.
269
270 c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the
271 written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This
272 alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and
273 only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord
274 with subsection 6b.
275
276 d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated
277 place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
278 Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
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281 copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source
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283 that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain
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287 available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements.
288
289 e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided
290 you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding
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293
294 A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded
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296included in conveying the object code work.
297
298 A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product", which means any
299tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family,
300or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation
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310
311 "Installation Information" for a User Product means any methods,
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318
319 If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
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324Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied
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326if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install
327modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has
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330 The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
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338 Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided,
339in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
340documented (and with an implementation available to the public in
341source code form), and must require no special password or key for
342unpacking, reading or copying.
343
344 7. Additional Terms.
345
346 "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
347License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
348Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
349be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
350that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
351apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
352under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
353this License without regard to the additional permissions.
354
355 When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
356remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
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364that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
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366 a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
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389 All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further
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404 Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
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407
408 8. Termination.
409
410 You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
411provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
175void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 412modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
413this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
414paragraph of section 11).
415
416 However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
417license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
418provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
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421prior to 60 days after the cessation.
422
423 Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
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429
430 Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
176However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 431licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
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178parties remain in full compliance. 433reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
434material under section 10.
179 435
436 9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
437
180 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 438 You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
181signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 439run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
182distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 440occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
183prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 441to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
184modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 442nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
443modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
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185Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 445covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
186all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
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188 446
189 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 447 10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
190Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 448
191original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 449 Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
192these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 450receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
193restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 451propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
194You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to 452for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
453
454 An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
455organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
456organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
457work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
458transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
459licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
460give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
461Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
462the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
463
464 You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
465rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
466not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
467rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
468(including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
469any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
470sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
471
472 11. Patents.
473
474 A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
475License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
476work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
477
478 A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
479owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
480hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
481by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
482but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
483consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
484purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
485patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
195this License. 486this License.
196 487
197 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 488 Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
198infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 489patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
490make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
491propagate the contents of its contributor version.
492
493 In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
494agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
495(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
496sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
497party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
498patent against the party.
499
500 If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
501and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
502to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
503publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
504then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
505available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
506patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
507consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
508license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
509actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
510covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
511in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
512country that you have reason to believe are valid.
513
514 If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
515arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
516covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
517receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
518or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
519you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
520work and works based on it.
521
522 A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
523the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
524conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
525specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
526work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
527in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
528to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
529the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
530parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
531patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
532conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
533for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
534contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
535or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
536
537 Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
538any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
539otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
540
541 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
542
199conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 543 If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
200otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 544otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
201excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 545excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
202distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 546covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
203License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 547License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
204may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 548not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
205license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 549to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
206all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 550the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
207the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 551License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
208refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
209 552
210If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 553 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
211any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
212apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
213circumstances.
214 554
215It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 555 Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
216patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 556permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
217such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 557under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
218integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 558combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
219implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 559License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
220generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 560but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
221through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 561section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
222system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 562combination as such.
223to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
224impose that choice.
225 563
226This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 564 14. Revised Versions of this License.
227be a consequence of the rest of this License.
228
229 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
230certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
231original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
232may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
233those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
234countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
235the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
236 565
237 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 566 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
238of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 567the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
239be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 568be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
240address new problems or concerns. 569address new problems or concerns.
241 570
242Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 571 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
243specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 572Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
244later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 573Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
574option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
245either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 575version or of any later version published by the Free Software
246Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 576Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
247this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 577GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
248Foundation. 578by the Free Software Foundation.
249 579
250 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 580 If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
251programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 581versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
252to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 582public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
253Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 583to choose that version for the Program.
254make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
255of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
256of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
257 584
258 NO WARRANTY 585 Later license versions may give you additional or different
586permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
587author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
588later version.
259 589
260 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 590 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
261FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
262OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
263PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
264OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
265MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
266TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
267PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
268REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
269 591
592 THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
593APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
594HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
595OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
596THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
597PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
598IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
599ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
600
601 16. Limitation of Liability.
602
270 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 603 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
271WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 604WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
272REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 605THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
273INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 606GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
274OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 607USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
275TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 608DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
276YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 609PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
277PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 610EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
278POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 611SUCH DAMAGES.
612
613 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
614
615 If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
616above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
617reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
618an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
619Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
620copy of the Program in return for a fee.
279 621
280 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 622 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
281 623
282 How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 624 How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
283 625
284 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 626 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
285possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 627possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
286free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 628free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
287 629
288 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 630 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
289to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 631to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
290convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 632state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
291the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 633the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
292 634
293 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> 635 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
294 Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> 636 Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
295 637
296 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 638 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
297 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 639 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
298 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 640 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
299 (at your option) any later version. 641 (at your option) any later version.
300 642
301 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 643 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
302 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 644 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
303 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 645 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
304 GNU General Public License for more details. 646 GNU General Public License for more details.
305 647
306 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 648 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
307 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 649 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
308 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
309
310 650
311Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 651Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
312 652
313If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 653 If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
314when it starts in an interactive mode: 654notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
315 655
316 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author 656 <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
317 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 657 This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
318 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 658 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
319 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 659 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
320 660
321The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 661The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
322parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 662parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
323be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 663might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
324mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
325 664
326You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 665 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
327school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 666if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
328necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 667For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
668<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
329 669
330 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
331 `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
332
333 <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
334 Ty Coon, President of Vice
335
336This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 670 The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
337proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 671into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
338consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 672may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
339library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General 673the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
340Public License instead of this License. 674Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
675<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
676

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