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Revision 1.9 by pcg, Sat Mar 26 03:16:23 2005 UTC vs.
Revision 1.10 by pcg, Mon Sep 1 05:31:28 2008 UTC

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129.\" ======================================================================== 132.\" ========================================================================
130.\" 133.\"
131.IX Title "GVPE 5" 134.IX Title "GVPE 5"
132.TH GVPE 5 "2005-03-26" "1.9" "GNU Virtual Private Ethernet" 135.TH GVPE 5 "2008-09-01" "2.2" "GNU Virtual Private Ethernet"
136.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
137.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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139.nh
133.SH "NAME" 140.SH "NAME"
134GNU\-VPE \- Overview of the GNU Virtual Private Ethernet suite. 141GNU\-VPE \- Overview of the GNU Virtual Private Ethernet suite.
135.SH "DESCRIPTION" 142.SH "DESCRIPTION"
136.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" 143.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
137\&\s-1GVPE\s0 is a suite designed to provide a virtual private network for multiple 144\&\s-1GVPE\s0 is a suite designed to provide a virtual private network for multiple
138nodes over an untrusted network. This document first gives an introduction 145nodes over an untrusted network. This document first gives an introduction
139to VPNs in general and then describes the specific implementation of \s-1GVPE\s0. 146to VPNs in general and then describes the specific implementation of \s-1GVPE\s0.
140.Sh "\s-1WHAT\s0 \s-1IS\s0 A \s-1VPN\s0?" 147.Sh "\s-1WHAT\s0 \s-1IS\s0 A \s-1VPN\s0?"
141.IX Subsection "WHAT IS A VPN?" 148.IX Subsection "WHAT IS A VPN?"
142\&\s-1VPN\s0 is an acronym, it stands for: 149\&\s-1VPN\s0 is an acronym, it stands for:
143.IP "\(bu" 4 150.IP "" 4
144.IX Xref "Virtual" 151.IX Xref "Virtual"
145Virtual means that no physical network is created (of course), but a 152Virtual means that no physical network is created (of course), but a
146network is \fIemulated\fR by creating multiple tunnels between the member 153network is \fIemulated\fR by creating multiple tunnels between the member
147nodes by encapsulating and sending data over another transport network. 154nodes by encapsulating and sending data over another transport network.
148.Sp 155.Sp
149Usually the emulated network is a normal \s-1IP\s0 or Ethernet, and the transport 156Usually the emulated network is a normal \s-1IP\s0 or Ethernet, and the transport
150network is the Internet. However, using a \s-1VPN\s0 system like \s-1GVPE\s0 to connect 157network is the Internet. However, using a \s-1VPN\s0 system like \s-1GVPE\s0 to connect
151nodes over other untrusted networks such as Wireless \s-1LAN\s0 is not uncommon. 158nodes over other untrusted networks such as Wireless \s-1LAN\s0 is not uncommon.
152.IP "\(bu" 4 159.IP "" 4
153.IX Xref "Private" 160.IX Xref "Private"
154Private means that non-participating nodes cannot decode (\*(L"sniff)\*(R" nor 161Private means that non-participating nodes cannot decode (\*(L"sniff)\*(R" nor
155inject (\*(L"spoof\*(R") packets. This means that nodes can be connected over 162inject (\*(L"spoof\*(R") packets. This means that nodes can be connected over
156untrusted networks such as the public Internet without fear of being 163untrusted networks such as the public Internet without fear of being
157eavesdropped while at the same time being able to trust data sent by other 164eavesdropped while at the same time being able to trust data sent by other
158nodes. 165nodes.
159.Sp 166.Sp
160In the case of \s-1GVPE\s0, even participating nodes cannot sniff packets 167In the case of \s-1GVPE\s0, even participating nodes cannot sniff packets
161send to other nodes or spoof packets as if sent from other nodes, so 168send to other nodes or spoof packets as if sent from other nodes, so
162communications between any two nodes is private to those two nodes. 169communications between any two nodes is private to those two nodes.
163.IP "\(bu" 4 170.IP "" 4
164.IX Xref "Network" 171.IX Xref "Network"
165Network means that more than two parties can participate in the network, 172Network means that more than two parties can participate in the network,
166so for instance it's possible to connect multiple branches of a company 173so for instance it's possible to connect multiple branches of a company
167into a single network. Many so-called \*(L"vpn\*(R" solutions only create 174into a single network. Many so-called \*(L"\s-1VPN\s0\*(R" solutions only create
168point-to-point tunnels, which in turn can be used to build larger 175point-to-point tunnels, which in turn can be used to build larger
169networks. 176networks.
170.Sp 177.Sp
171\&\s-1GVPE\s0 provides a true multi-point network in wich any number of nodes (at 178\&\s-1GVPE\s0 provides a true multi-point network in which any number of nodes (at
172least a few dozen in practise, the theoretical limit is 4095 nodes) can 179least a few dozen in practise, the theoretical limit is 4095 nodes) can
173participate. 180participate.
174.Sh "\s-1GVPE\s0 \s-1DESIGN\s0 \s-1GOALS\s0" 181.Sh "\s-1GVPE\s0 \s-1DESIGN\s0 \s-1GOALS\s0"
175.IX Subsection "GVPE DESIGN GOALS" 182.IX Subsection "GVPE DESIGN GOALS"
176.IP "\s-1SIMPLE\s0 \s-1DESIGN\s0" 4 183.IP "\s-1SIMPLE\s0 \s-1DESIGN\s0" 4
… …
195address, e.g. to ensure that packets from a specific \s-1IP\s0 address come, in 202address, e.g. to ensure that packets from a specific \s-1IP\s0 address come, in
196fact, from a specific host that is associated with that \s-1IP\s0 and not from 203fact, from a specific host that is associated with that \s-1IP\s0 and not from
197another host. 204another host.
198.SH "PROGRAMS" 205.SH "PROGRAMS"
199.IX Header "PROGRAMS" 206.IX Header "PROGRAMS"
200Vpe comes with two programs: one daemon (\f(CW\*(C`gvpe\*(C'\fR) and one control program 207Gvpe comes with two programs: one daemon (\f(CW\*(C`gvpe\*(C'\fR) and one control program
201(\f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl\*(C'\fR). 208(\f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl\*(C'\fR).
202.IP "gvpectrl" 4 209.IP "gvpectrl" 4
203.IX Item "gvpectrl" 210.IX Item "gvpectrl"
204Is used to generate the keys, check and give an overview of of the 211This program is used to generate the keys, check and give an overview of of the
205configuration and contorl the daemon (restarting etc.). 212configuration and to control the daemon (restarting etc.).
206.IP "gvpe" 4 213.IP "gvpe" 4
207.IX Item "gvpe" 214.IX Item "gvpe"
208Is the daemon used to establish and maintain connections to the other 215This is the daemon used to establish and maintain connections to the other
209network members. It should be run on the gateway machine. 216network nodes. It should be run on the gateway of each \s-1VPN\s0 subnet.
210.SH "COMPILETIME CONFIGURATION" 217.SH "COMPILETIME CONFIGURATION"
211.IX Header "COMPILETIME CONFIGURATION" 218.IX Header "COMPILETIME CONFIGURATION"
212Please have a look at the \f(CW\*(C`gvpe.osdep(5)\*(C'\fR manpage for platform-specific 219Please have a look at the \f(CW\*(C`gvpe.osdep(5)\*(C'\fR manpage for platform-specific
213information. 220information.
214.PP 221.PP
222Gvpe hardcodes most encryption parameters. While this reduces flexibility,
223it makes the program much simpler and helps making buffer overflows
224impossible under most circumstances.
225.PP
215Here are a few recipes for compiling your gvpe, showing the extremes 226Here are a few recipes for compiling your gvpe, showing the extremes
216(fast, small, insecure \s-1OR\s0 slow, large, more secure), between you should 227(fast, small, insecure \s-1OR\s0 slow, large, more secure), between which you
217choose: 228should choose:
218.Sh "\s-1AS\s0 \s-1LOW\s0 \s-1PACKET\s0 \s-1OVERHEAD\s0 \s-1AS\s0 \s-1POSSIBLE\s0" 229.Sh "\s-1AS\s0 \s-1LOW\s0 \s-1PACKET\s0 \s-1OVERHEAD\s0 \s-1AS\s0 \s-1POSSIBLE\s0"
219.IX Subsection "AS LOW PACKET OVERHEAD AS POSSIBLE" 230.IX Subsection "AS LOW PACKET OVERHEAD AS POSSIBLE"
220.Vb 1 231.Vb 1
221\& ./configure --enable-hmac-length=4 --enable-rand-length=0 232\& ./configure \-\-enable\-hmac\-length=4 \-\-enable\-rand\-length=0
222.Ve 233.Ve
223.PP 234.PP
224Minimize the header overhead of \s-1VPN\s0 packets (the above will result in 235Minimize the header overhead of \s-1VPN\s0 packets (the above will result in
225only 4 bytes of overhead over the raw ethernet frame). This is a insecure 236only 4 bytes of overhead over the raw ethernet frame). This is a insecure
226configuration because a \s-1HMAC\s0 length of 4 makes collision attacks based on 237configuration because a \s-1HMAC\s0 length of 4 makes collision attacks based on
227the birthday paradox easy, though. 238the birthday paradox pretty easy.
228.Sh "\s-1MINIMIZE\s0 \s-1CPU\s0 \s-1TIME\s0 \s-1REQUIRED\s0" 239.Sh "\s-1MINIMIZE\s0 \s-1CPU\s0 \s-1TIME\s0 \s-1REQUIRED\s0"
229.IX Subsection "MINIMIZE CPU TIME REQUIRED" 240.IX Subsection "MINIMIZE CPU TIME REQUIRED"
230.Vb 1 241.Vb 1
231\& ./configure --enable-cipher=bf --enable-digest=md4 242\& ./configure \-\-enable\-cipher=bf \-\-enable\-digest=md4
232.Ve 243.Ve
233.PP 244.PP
234Use the fastest cipher and digest algorithms currently available in 245Use the fastest cipher and digest algorithms currently available in
235gvpe. \s-1MD4\s0 has been broken and is quite insecure, though. 246gvpe. \s-1MD4\s0 has been broken and is quite insecure, though, so using another
247digest algorithm is recommended.
236.Sh "\s-1MAXIMIZE\s0 \s-1SECURITY\s0" 248.Sh "\s-1MAXIMIZE\s0 \s-1SECURITY\s0"
237.IX Subsection "MAXIMIZE SECURITY" 249.IX Subsection "MAXIMIZE SECURITY"
238.Vb 1 250.Vb 1
239\& ./configure --enable-hmac-length=16 --enable-rand-length=8 --enable-digest=sha1 251\& ./configure \-\-enable\-hmac\-length=16 \-\-enable\-rand\-length=8 \-\-enable\-digest=sha1
240.Ve 252.Ve
241.PP 253.PP
242This uses a 16 byte \s-1HMAC\s0 checksum to authenticate packets (I guess 8\-12 254This uses a 16 byte \s-1HMAC\s0 checksum to authenticate packets (I guess 8\-12
243would also be pretty secure ;) and will additionally prefix each packet 255would also be pretty secure ;) and will additionally prefix each packet
244with 8 bytes of random data. In the long run, people should move to 256with 8 bytes of random data. In the long run, people should move to
245\&\s-1SHA\-224\s0 and beyond, but support in openssl is missing as of writing this 257\&\s-1SHA\-256\s0 and beyond).
246document.
247.PP 258.PP
248In general, remember that \s-1AES\-128\s0 seems to be more secure and faster than 259In general, remember that \s-1AES\-128\s0 seems to be as secure but faster than
249\&\s-1AES\-192\s0 or \s-1AES\-256\s0, more randomness helps against sniffing and a longer 260\&\s-1AES\-192\s0 or \s-1AES\-256\s0, more randomness helps against sniffing and a longer
250\&\s-1HMAC\s0 helps against spoofing. \s-1MD4\s0 is a fast digest, \s-1SHA1\s0 or \s-1RIPEMD160\s0 are 261\&\s-1HMAC\s0 helps against spoofing. \s-1MD4\s0 is a fast digest, \s-1SHA1\s0, \s-1RIPEMD160\s0, \s-1SHA256\s0
251better, and Blowfish is a fast cipher (and also quite secure). 262are consecutively better, and Blowfish is a fast cipher (and also quite
263secure).
252.SH "HOW TO SET UP A SIMPLE VPN" 264.SH "HOW TO SET UP A SIMPLE VPN"
253.IX Header "HOW TO SET UP A SIMPLE VPN" 265.IX Header "HOW TO SET UP A SIMPLE VPN"
254In this section I will describe how to get a simple \s-1VPN\s0 consisting of 266In this section I will describe how to get a simple \s-1VPN\s0 consisting of
255three hosts up and running. 267three hosts up and running.
256.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 1: configuration" 268.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 1: configuration"
257.IX Subsection "STEP 1: configuration" 269.IX Subsection "STEP 1: configuration"
258First you have to create a daemon configuation file and put it into the 270First you have to create a daemon configuration file and put it into the
259configuration directory. This is usually \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe\*(C'\fR, depending on how you 271configuration directory. This is usually \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe\*(C'\fR, depending on how you
260configured gvpe, and can be overwritten using the \f(CW\*(C`\-c\*(C'\fR commandline switch. 272configured gvpe, and can be overwritten using the \f(CW\*(C`\-c\*(C'\fR command line switch.
261.PP 273.PP
262Put the following lines into \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe/gvpe.conf\*(C'\fR: 274Put the following lines into \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe/gvpe.conf\*(C'\fR:
263.PP 275.PP
264.Vb 3 276.Vb 3
265\& udp-port = 50000 # the external port to listen on (configure your firewall) 277\& udp\-port = 50000 # the external port to listen on (configure your firewall)
266\& mtu = 1400 # minimum MTU of all outgoing interfaces on all hosts 278\& mtu = 1400 # minimum MTU of all outgoing interfaces on all hosts
267\& ifname = vpn0 # the local network device name 279\& ifname = vpn0 # the local network device name
268.Ve 280\&
269.PP
270.Vb 2
271\& node = first # just a nickname 281\& node = first # just a nickname
272\& hostname = first.example.net # the DNS name or IP address of the host 282\& hostname = first.example.net # the DNS name or IP address of the host
273.Ve 283\&
274.PP
275.Vb 2
276\& node = second 284\& node = second
277\& hostname = 133.55.82.9 285\& hostname = 133.55.82.9
278.Ve 286\&
279.PP
280.Vb 2
281\& node = third 287\& node = third
282\& hostname = third.example.net 288\& hostname = third.example.net
283.Ve 289.Ve
284.PP 290.PP
285The only other file neccessary if the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR script that initializes the 291The only other file necessary is the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR script that initializes the
286local ethernet interface. Put the following lines into \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe/if\-up\*(C'\fR 292virtual ethernet interface on the local host. Put the following lines into
287and make it execute (\f(CW\*(C`chmod 755 /etc/gvpe/if\-up\*(C'\fR): 293\&\f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe/if\-up\*(C'\fR and make it executable (\f(CW\*(C`chmod 755 /etc/gvpe/if\-up\*(C'\fR):
288.PP 294.PP
289.Vb 6 295.Vb 6
290\& #!/bin/sh 296\& #!/bin/sh
291\& ip link set $IFNAME address $MAC mtu $MTU up 297\& ip link set $IFNAME address $MAC mtu $MTU up
292\& [ $NODENAME = first ] && ip addr add 10.0.1.1 dev $IFNAME 298\& [ $NODENAME = first ] && ip addr add 10.0.1.1 dev $IFNAME
… …
294\& [ $NODENAME = third ] && ip addr add 10.0.3.1 dev $IFNAME 300\& [ $NODENAME = third ] && ip addr add 10.0.3.1 dev $IFNAME
295\& ip route add 10.0.0.0/16 dev $IFNAME 301\& ip route add 10.0.0.0/16 dev $IFNAME
296.Ve 302.Ve
297.PP 303.PP
298This script will give each node a different \s-1IP\s0 address in the \f(CW\*(C`10.0/16\*(C'\fR 304This script will give each node a different \s-1IP\s0 address in the \f(CW\*(C`10.0/16\*(C'\fR
299network. The internal network (e.g. the \f(CW\*(C`eth0\*(C'\fR interface) should then be 305network. The internal network (if gvpe runs on a router) should then be
300set to a subset of that network, e.g. \f(CW\*(C`10.0.1.0/24\*(C'\fR on node \f(CW\*(C`first\*(C'\fR, 306set to a subset of that network, e.g. \f(CW\*(C`10.0.1.0/24\*(C'\fR on node \f(CW\*(C`first\*(C'\fR,
301\&\f(CW\*(C`10.0.2.0/24\*(C'\fR on node \f(CW\*(C`second\*(C'\fR, and so on. 307\&\f(CW\*(C`10.0.2.0/24\*(C'\fR on node \f(CW\*(C`second\*(C'\fR, and so on.
302.PP 308.PP
303By enabling routing on the gateway host that runs \f(CW\*(C`gvpe\*(C'\fR all nodes will 309By enabling routing on the gateway host that runs \f(CW\*(C`gvpe\*(C'\fR all nodes will
304be able to reach the other nodes. You can, of course, also use proxy arp 310be able to reach the other nodes. You can, of course, also use proxy \s-1ARP\s0
305or other means of pseudo-bridging (or even real briding), or (best) full 311or other means of pseudo-bridging, or (best) full routing \- the choice is
306routing \- the choice is yours. 312yours.
307.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 2: create the \s-1RSA\s0 key pairs for all hosts" 313.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 2: create the \s-1RSA\s0 key pairs for all hosts"
308.IX Subsection "STEP 2: create the RSA key pairs for all hosts" 314.IX Subsection "STEP 2: create the RSA key pairs for all hosts"
309Run the following command to generate all key pairs (that might take a 315Run the following command to generate all key pairs for all nodes (that
310while): 316might take a while):
311.PP 317.PP
312.Vb 1 318.Vb 1
313\& gvpectrl -c /etc/gvpe -g 319\& gvpectrl \-c /etc/gvpe \-g
314.Ve 320.Ve
315.PP 321.PP
316This command will put the public keys into \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe/pubkeys/\f(CInodename\f(CW\*(C'\fR and the private keys into \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe/hostkeys/\f(CInodename\f(CW\*(C'\fR. 322This command will put the public keys into \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe/pubkeys/\f(CInodename\f(CW\*(C'\fR and the private keys into \f(CW\*(C`/etc/gvpe/hostkeys/\f(CInodename\f(CW\*(C'\fR.
317.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 3: distribute the config files to all nodes" 323.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 3: distribute the config files to all nodes"
318.IX Subsection "STEP 3: distribute the config files to all nodes" 324.IX Subsection "STEP 3: distribute the config files to all nodes"
319Now distribute the config files to the other nodes. This should be done in two steps, since the 325Now distribute the config files and private keys to the other nodes. This
320private keys should not be distributed. The example uses rsync-over-ssh 326should be done in two steps, since only the private keys meant for a node
327should be distributed (so each node has only it's own private key).
328.PP
329The example uses rsync-over-ssh
321.PP 330.PP
322First all the config files without the hostkeys should be distributed: 331First all the config files without the hostkeys should be distributed:
323.PP 332.PP
324.Vb 3 333.Vb 3
325\& rsync -avzessh /etc/gvpe first.example.net:/etc/. --exclude hostkeys 334\& rsync \-avzessh /etc/gvpe first.example.net:/etc/. \-\-exclude hostkeys
326\& rsync -avzessh /etc/gvpe 133.55.82.9:/etc/. --exclude hostkeys 335\& rsync \-avzessh /etc/gvpe 133.55.82.9:/etc/. \-\-exclude hostkeys
327\& rsync -avzessh /etc/gvpe third.example.net:/etc/. --exclude hostkeys 336\& rsync \-avzessh /etc/gvpe third.example.net:/etc/. \-\-exclude hostkeys
328.Ve 337.Ve
329.PP 338.PP
330Then the hostkeys should be copied: 339Then the hostkeys should be copied:
331.PP 340.PP
332.Vb 3 341.Vb 3
333\& rsync -avzessh /etc/gvpe/hostkeys/first first.example.net:/etc/hostkey 342\& rsync \-avzessh /etc/gvpe/hostkeys/first first.example.net:/etc/hostkey
334\& rsync -avzessh /etc/gvpe/hostkeys/second 133.55.82.9:/etc/hostkey 343\& rsync \-avzessh /etc/gvpe/hostkeys/second 133.55.82.9:/etc/hostkey
335\& rsync -avzessh /etc/gvpe/hostkeys/third third.example.net:/etc/hostkey 344\& rsync \-avzessh /etc/gvpe/hostkeys/third third.example.net:/etc/hostkey
336.Ve 345.Ve
337.PP 346.PP
338You should now check the configration by issuing the command \f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl \-c 347You should now check the configuration by issuing the command \f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl \-c
339/etc/gvpe \-s\*(C'\fR on each node and verify it's output. 348/etc/gvpe \-s\*(C'\fR on each node and verify it's output.
340.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 4: starting gvpe" 349.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 4: starting gvpe"
341.IX Subsection "STEP 4: starting gvpe" 350.IX Subsection "STEP 4: starting gvpe"
342You should then start gvpe on each node by issuing a command like: 351You should then start gvpe on each node by issuing a command like:
343.PP 352.PP
344.Vb 1 353.Vb 1
345\& gvpe -D -linfo first # first is the nodename 354\& gvpe \-D \-l info first # first is the nodename
346.Ve 355.Ve
347.PP 356.PP
348This will make the gvpe stay in foreground. You should then see 357This will make the gvpe daemon stay in foreground. You should then see
349\&\*(L"connection established\*(R" messages. If you don't see them check your 358\&\*(L"connection established\*(R" messages. If you don't see them check your
350firewall and routing (use tcpdump ;). 359firewall and routing (use tcpdump ;).
351.PP 360.PP
352If this works you should check your networking setup by pinging various 361If this works you should check your networking setup by pinging various
353endpoints. 362endpoints.
354.PP 363.PP
355To make gvpe run more permanently you can either run it as a daemon 364To make gvpe run more permanently you can either run it as a daemon (by
356(by starting it without the \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR switch), or, much better, from your 365starting it without the \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR switch), or, much better, from your inittab
357inittab. I use a line like this on my systems: 366or equivalent. I use a line like this on all my systems:
358.PP 367.PP
359.Vb 1 368.Vb 1
360\& t1:2345:respawn:/opt/gvpe/sbin/gvpe -D -L first >/dev/null 2>&1 369\& t1:2345:respawn:/opt/gvpe/sbin/gvpe \-D \-L first >/dev/null 2>&1
361.Ve 370.Ve
362.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 5: enjoy" 371.Sh "\s-1STEP\s0 5: enjoy"
363.IX Subsection "STEP 5: enjoy" 372.IX Subsection "STEP 5: enjoy"
364\&... and play around. Sending a \-HUP (\f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl \-kHUP\*(C'\fR) to the daemon 373\&... and play around. Sending a \-HUP (\f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl \-kHUP\*(C'\fR) to the daemon
365will make it try to connect to all other nodes again. If you run it from 374will make it try to connect to all other nodes again. If you run it from
366inittab, as is recommended, \f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl \-k\*(C'\fR (or simply \f(CW\*(C`killall gvpe\*(C'\fR) will 375inittab, as is recommended, \f(CW\*(C`gvpectrl \-k\*(C'\fR (or simply \f(CW\*(C`killall gvpe\*(C'\fR) will
367kill the daemon, start it again, making it read it's configuration files 376kill the daemon, start it again, making it read it's configuration files
368again. 377again.
369.SH "SEE ALSO" 378.SH "SEE ALSO"
370.IX Header "SEE ALSO" 379.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
371\&\fIgvpe.osdep\fR\|(5) for OS-depedendent information, \fIgvpe.conf\fR\|(5), \fIgvpectrl\fR\|(8), 380\&\fIgvpe.osdep\fR\|(5) for OS-dependent information, \fIgvpe.conf\fR\|(5), \fIgvpectrl\fR\|(8),
372and for a description of the transports, protocol, and routing algorithm, 381and for a description of the transports, protocol, and routing algorithm,
373\&\fIgvpe.protocol\fR\|(7). 382\&\fIgvpe.protocol\fR\|(7).
374.PP 383.PP
375The \s-1GVPE\s0 mailinglist, at <http://lists.schmorp.de/>, or 384The \s-1GVPE\s0 mailing list, at <http://lists.schmorp.de/>, or
376\&\f(CW\*(C`gvpe@lists.schmorp.de\*(C'\fR. 385\&\f(CW\*(C`gvpe@lists.schmorp.de\*(C'\fR.
377.SH "AUTHOR" 386.SH "AUTHOR"
378.IX Header "AUTHOR" 387.IX Header "AUTHOR"
379Marc Lehmann <gvpe@schmorp.de> 388Marc Lehmann <gvpe@schmorp.de>
380.SH "COPYRIGHTS AND LICENSES" 389.SH "COPYRIGHTS AND LICENSES"

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