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.\" ======================================================================== |
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.\" |
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.IX Title "GVPE.CONF 5" |
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.TH GVPE.CONF 5 "2016-11-12" "3.0" "GNU Virtual Private Ethernet" |
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.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes |
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.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. |
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.if n .ad l |
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.nh |
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.SH "NAME" |
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gvpe.conf \- configuration file for the GNU VPE daemon |
| 143 |
.SH "SYNOPSIS" |
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" |
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.Vb 4 |
| 146 |
\& # global options for all nodes |
| 147 |
\& udp\-port = 407 |
| 148 |
\& mtu = 1492 |
| 149 |
\& ifname = vpn0 |
| 150 |
\& |
| 151 |
\& # first node is named branch1 and is at 1.2.3.4 |
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\& node = branch1 |
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\& hostname = 1.2.3.4 |
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\& |
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\& # second node uses dns to resolve the address |
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\& node = branch2 |
| 157 |
\& hostname = www.example.net |
| 158 |
\& udp\-port = 500 # this host uses a different udp\-port |
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\& |
| 160 |
\& # third node has no fixed ip address |
| 161 |
\& node = branch3 |
| 162 |
\& connect = ondemand |
| 163 |
.Ve |
| 164 |
.SH "DESCRIPTION" |
| 165 |
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
| 166 |
The gvpe config file consists of a series of lines that contain \f(CW\*(C`variable |
| 167 |
= value\*(C'\fR pairs. Empty lines are ignored. Comments start with a \f(CW\*(C`#\*(C'\fR and |
| 168 |
extend to the end of the line. They can be used on their own lines, or |
| 169 |
after any directives. Whitespace is allowed around the \f(CW\*(C`=\*(C'\fR sign or after |
| 170 |
values, but not within the variable names or values themselves. |
| 171 |
.PP |
| 172 |
All settings are applied \*(L"in order\*(R", that is, later settings of the same |
| 173 |
variable overwrite earlier ones. |
| 174 |
.PP |
| 175 |
The only exceptions to the above are the following directives: |
| 176 |
.IP "node nodename" 4 |
| 177 |
.IX Item "node nodename" |
| 178 |
Introduces a node section. The nodename is used to select the right |
| 179 |
configuration section and is the same string as is passed as an argument |
| 180 |
to the gvpe daemon. |
| 181 |
.Sp |
| 182 |
Multiple \f(CW\*(C`node\*(C'\fR statements with the same node name are supported and will |
| 183 |
be merged together. |
| 184 |
.IP "global" 4 |
| 185 |
.IX Item "global" |
| 186 |
This statement switches back to the global section, which is mainly |
| 187 |
useful if you want to include a second config file, e..g for local |
| 188 |
customisations. To do that, simply include this at the very end of your |
| 189 |
config file: |
| 190 |
.Sp |
| 191 |
.Vb 2 |
| 192 |
\& global |
| 193 |
\& include local.conf |
| 194 |
.Ve |
| 195 |
.IP "on nodename ..." 4 |
| 196 |
.IX Item "on nodename ..." |
| 197 |
.PD 0 |
| 198 |
.IP "on !nodename ..." 4 |
| 199 |
.IX Item "on !nodename ..." |
| 200 |
.PD |
| 201 |
You can prefix any configuration directive with \f(CW\*(C`on\*(C'\fR and a nodename. \s-1GVPE\s0 |
| 202 |
will will only \*(L"execute\*(R" it on the named node, or (if the nodename starts |
| 203 |
with \f(CW\*(C`!\*(C'\fR) on all nodes except the named one. |
| 204 |
.Sp |
| 205 |
Example: set the \s-1MTU\s0 to \f(CW1450\fR everywhere, \f(CW\*(C`loglevel\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`noise\*(C'\fR on |
| 206 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`branch1\*(C'\fR, and \f(CW\*(C`connect\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`ondemand\*(C'\fR everywhere but on branch2. |
| 207 |
.Sp |
| 208 |
.Vb 3 |
| 209 |
\& mtu = 1450 |
| 210 |
\& on branch1 loglevel = noise |
| 211 |
\& on !branch2 connect = ondemand |
| 212 |
.Ve |
| 213 |
.IP "include relative-or-absolute-path" 4 |
| 214 |
.IX Item "include relative-or-absolute-path" |
| 215 |
Reads the specified file (the path must not contain whitespace or \f(CW\*(C`=\*(C'\fR |
| 216 |
characters) and evaluate all config directives in it as if they were |
| 217 |
spelled out in place of the \f(CW\*(C`include\*(C'\fR directive. |
| 218 |
.Sp |
| 219 |
The path is a printf format string, that is, you must escape any \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR |
| 220 |
by doubling it, and you can have a single \f(CW%s\fR inside, which will be |
| 221 |
replaced by the current nodename. |
| 222 |
.Sp |
| 223 |
Relative paths are interpreted relative to the \s-1GVPE\s0 config directory. |
| 224 |
.Sp |
| 225 |
Example: include the file \fIlocal.conf\fR in the config directory on every |
| 226 |
node. |
| 227 |
.Sp |
| 228 |
.Vb 1 |
| 229 |
\& include local.conf |
| 230 |
.Ve |
| 231 |
.Sp |
| 232 |
Example: include a file \fIconf/\fRnodename\fI.conf\fR |
| 233 |
.Sp |
| 234 |
.Vb 1 |
| 235 |
\& include conf/%s.conf |
| 236 |
.Ve |
| 237 |
.SH "ANATOMY OF A CONFIG FILE" |
| 238 |
.IX Header "ANATOMY OF A CONFIG FILE" |
| 239 |
Usually, a config file starts with a few global settings (like the \s-1UDP\s0 |
| 240 |
port to listen on), followed by node-specific sections that begin with a |
| 241 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`node = nickname\*(C'\fR line. |
| 242 |
.PP |
| 243 |
Every node that is part of the network must have a section that starts |
| 244 |
with \f(CW\*(C`node = nickname\*(C'\fR. The number and order of the nodes is important |
| 245 |
and must be the same on all nodes. It is not uncommon for node sections to |
| 246 |
be completely empty \- if the default values are right. |
| 247 |
.PP |
| 248 |
Node-specific settings can be used at any time. If used before the first |
| 249 |
node section they will set the default values for all following nodes. |
| 250 |
.SH "CONFIG VARIABLES" |
| 251 |
.IX Header "CONFIG VARIABLES" |
| 252 |
.SS "\s-1GLOBAL SETTINGS\s0" |
| 253 |
.IX Subsection "GLOBAL SETTINGS" |
| 254 |
Global settings will affect the behaviour of the running gvpe daemon, that |
| 255 |
is, they are in some sense node-specific (config files can set different |
| 256 |
values on different nodes using \f(CW\*(C`on\*(C'\fR), but will affect the behaviour of |
| 257 |
the gvpe daemon and all connections it creates. |
| 258 |
.IP "chroot = path or /" 4 |
| 259 |
.IX Item "chroot = path or /" |
| 260 |
Tells \s-1GVPE\s0 to \fIchroot\fR\|(2) to the specified path after reading all necessary |
| 261 |
files, binding to sockets and running the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR script, but before |
| 262 |
running \f(CW\*(C`node\-up\*(C'\fR or any other scripts. |
| 263 |
.Sp |
| 264 |
The special path \fI/\fR instructs \s-1GVPE\s0 to create (and remove) an empty |
| 265 |
temporary directory to use as new root. This is most secure, but makes it |
| 266 |
impossible to use any scripts other than the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR one. |
| 267 |
.IP "chuid = numerical-uid" 4 |
| 268 |
.IX Item "chuid = numerical-uid" |
| 269 |
.PD 0 |
| 270 |
.IP "chgid = numerical-gid" 4 |
| 271 |
.IX Item "chgid = numerical-gid" |
| 272 |
.PD |
| 273 |
These two options tell \s-1GVPE\s0 to change to the given user and/or group id |
| 274 |
after reading all necessary files, binding to sockets and running the |
| 275 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR script. |
| 276 |
.Sp |
| 277 |
Other scripts, such as \f(CW\*(C`node\-up\*(C'\fR, are run with the new user id or group id. |
| 278 |
.IP "chuser = username" 4 |
| 279 |
.IX Item "chuser = username" |
| 280 |
Alternative to \f(CW\*(C`chuid\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`chgid\*(C'\fR: Sets both \f(CW\*(C`chuid\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`chgid\*(C'\fR |
| 281 |
to the user and (primary) group ids of the specified user (for example, |
| 282 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`nobody\*(C'\fR). |
| 283 |
.IP "dns-forw-host = hostname/ip" 4 |
| 284 |
.IX Item "dns-forw-host = hostname/ip" |
| 285 |
The \s-1DNS\s0 server to forward \s-1DNS\s0 requests to for the \s-1DNS\s0 tunnel protocol |
| 286 |
(default: \f(CW127.0.0.1\fR, changing it is highly recommended). |
| 287 |
.IP "dns-forw-port = port-number" 4 |
| 288 |
.IX Item "dns-forw-port = port-number" |
| 289 |
The port where the \f(CW\*(C`dns\-forw\-host\*(C'\fR is to be contacted (default: \f(CW53\fR, |
| 290 |
which is fine in most cases). |
| 291 |
.IP "dns-case-preserving = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 292 |
.IX Item "dns-case-preserving = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 293 |
Sets whether the \s-1DNS\s0 transport forwarding server preserves case (\s-1DNS\s0 |
| 294 |
servers have to, but some access systems are even more broken than others) |
| 295 |
(default: true). |
| 296 |
.Sp |
| 297 |
Normally, when the forwarding server changes the case of domain names then |
| 298 |
\&\s-1GVPE\s0 will automatically set this to false. |
| 299 |
.IP "dns-max-outstanding = integer-number-of-requests" 4 |
| 300 |
.IX Item "dns-max-outstanding = integer-number-of-requests" |
| 301 |
The maximum number of outstanding \s-1DNS\s0 transport requests |
| 302 |
(default: \f(CW100\fR). \s-1GVPE\s0 will never issue more requests then the given |
| 303 |
limit without receiving replies. In heavily overloaded situations it might |
| 304 |
help to set this to a low number (e.g. \f(CW3\fR or even \f(CW1\fR) to limit the |
| 305 |
number of parallel requests. |
| 306 |
.Sp |
| 307 |
The default should be working \s-1OK\s0 for most links. |
| 308 |
.IP "dns-overlap-factor = float" 4 |
| 309 |
.IX Item "dns-overlap-factor = float" |
| 310 |
The \s-1DNS\s0 transport uses the minimum request latency (\fBmin_latency\fR) seen |
| 311 |
during a connection as it's timing base. This factor (default: \f(CW0.5\fR, |
| 312 |
must be > 0) is multiplied by \fBmin_latency\fR to get the maximum sending |
| 313 |
rate (= minimum send interval), i.e. a factor of \f(CW1\fR means that a new |
| 314 |
request might be generated every \fBmin_latency\fR seconds, which means on |
| 315 |
average there should only ever be one outstanding request. A factor of |
| 316 |
\&\f(CW0.5\fR means that \s-1GVPE\s0 will send requests twice as often as the minimum |
| 317 |
latency measured. |
| 318 |
.Sp |
| 319 |
For congested or picky \s-1DNS\s0 forwarders you could use a value nearer to or |
| 320 |
exceeding \f(CW1\fR. |
| 321 |
.Sp |
| 322 |
The default should be working \s-1OK\s0 for most links. |
| 323 |
.IP "dns-send-interval = send-interval-in-seconds" 4 |
| 324 |
.IX Item "dns-send-interval = send-interval-in-seconds" |
| 325 |
The minimum send interval (= maximum rate) that the \s-1DNS\s0 transport will |
| 326 |
use to send new \s-1DNS\s0 requests. \s-1GVPE\s0 will not exceed this rate even when |
| 327 |
the latency is very low. The default is \f(CW0.01\fR, which means \s-1GVPE\s0 will |
| 328 |
not send more than 100 \s-1DNS\s0 requests per connection per second. For |
| 329 |
high-bandwidth links you could go lower, e.g. to \f(CW0.001\fR or so. For |
| 330 |
congested or rate-limited links, you might want to go higher, say \f(CW0.1\fR, |
| 331 |
\&\f(CW0.2\fR or even higher. |
| 332 |
.Sp |
| 333 |
The default should be working \s-1OK\s0 for most links. |
| 334 |
.IP "dns-timeout-factor = float" 4 |
| 335 |
.IX Item "dns-timeout-factor = float" |
| 336 |
Factor to multiply the \f(CW\*(C`min_latency\*(C'\fR (see \f(CW\*(C`dns\-overlap\-factor\*(C'\fR) by to |
| 337 |
get request timeouts. The default of \f(CW8\fR means that the \s-1DNS\s0 transport |
| 338 |
will resend the request when no reply has been received for longer than |
| 339 |
eight times the minimum (= expected) latency, assuming the request or |
| 340 |
reply has been lost. |
| 341 |
.Sp |
| 342 |
For congested links a higher value might be necessary (e.g. \f(CW30\fR). If |
| 343 |
the link is very stable lower values (e.g. \f(CW2\fR) might work |
| 344 |
nicely. Values near or below \f(CW1\fR makes no sense whatsoever. |
| 345 |
.Sp |
| 346 |
The default should be working \s-1OK\s0 for most links but will result in low |
| 347 |
throughput if packet loss is high. |
| 348 |
.IP "if-up = relative-or-absolute-path" 4 |
| 349 |
.IX Item "if-up = relative-or-absolute-path" |
| 350 |
Sets the path of a script that should be called immediately after the |
| 351 |
network interface is initialized (but not necessarily up). The following |
| 352 |
environment variables are passed to it (the values are just examples). |
| 353 |
.Sp |
| 354 |
Variables that have the same value on all nodes: |
| 355 |
.RS 4 |
| 356 |
.IP "CONFBASE=/etc/gvpe" 4 |
| 357 |
.IX Item "CONFBASE=/etc/gvpe" |
| 358 |
The configuration base directory. |
| 359 |
.IP "IFNAME=vpn0" 4 |
| 360 |
.IX Item "IFNAME=vpn0" |
| 361 |
The network interface to initialize. |
| 362 |
.IP "IFTYPE=native # or tincd" 4 |
| 363 |
.IX Item "IFTYPE=native # or tincd" |
| 364 |
.PD 0 |
| 365 |
.IP "IFSUBTYPE=linux # or freebsd, darwin etc.." 4 |
| 366 |
.IX Item "IFSUBTYPE=linux # or freebsd, darwin etc.." |
| 367 |
.PD |
| 368 |
The interface type (\f(CW\*(C`native\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`tincd\*(C'\fR) and the subtype (usually the |
| 369 |
\&\s-1OS\s0 name in lowercase) that this \s-1GVPE\s0 was configured for. Can be used to |
| 370 |
select the correct syntax to use for network-related commands. |
| 371 |
.IP "MTU=1436" 4 |
| 372 |
.IX Item "MTU=1436" |
| 373 |
The \s-1MTU\s0 to set the interface to. You can use lower values (if done |
| 374 |
consistently on all nodes), but this is usually either inefficient or |
| 375 |
simply ineffective. |
| 376 |
.IP "NODES=5" 4 |
| 377 |
.IX Item "NODES=5" |
| 378 |
The number of nodes in this \s-1GVPE\s0 network. |
| 379 |
.RE |
| 380 |
.RS 4 |
| 381 |
.Sp |
| 382 |
Variables that are node-specific and with values pertaining to the node |
| 383 |
running this \s-1GVPE:\s0 |
| 384 |
.IP "IFUPDATA=string" 4 |
| 385 |
.IX Item "IFUPDATA=string" |
| 386 |
The value of the configuration directive \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\-data\*(C'\fR. |
| 387 |
.IP "MAC=fe:fd:80:00:00:01" 4 |
| 388 |
.IX Item "MAC=fe:fd:80:00:00:01" |
| 389 |
The \s-1MAC\s0 address the network interface has to use. |
| 390 |
.Sp |
| 391 |
Might be used to initialize interfaces on platforms where \s-1GVPE\s0 does not |
| 392 |
do this automatically. Please see the \f(CW\*(C`gvpe.osdep(5)\*(C'\fR man page for |
| 393 |
platform-specific information. |
| 394 |
.IP "NODENAME=branch1" 4 |
| 395 |
.IX Item "NODENAME=branch1" |
| 396 |
The nickname of the node. |
| 397 |
.IP "NODEID=1" 4 |
| 398 |
.IX Item "NODEID=1" |
| 399 |
The numerical node \s-1ID\s0 of the node running this instance of \s-1GVPE.\s0 The first |
| 400 |
node mentioned in the config file gets \s-1ID 1,\s0 the second \s-1ID 2\s0 and so on. |
| 401 |
.RE |
| 402 |
.RS 4 |
| 403 |
.Sp |
| 404 |
In addition, all node-specific variables (except \f(CW\*(C`NODEID\*(C'\fR) will be |
| 405 |
available with a postfix of \f(CW\*(C`_nodeid\*(C'\fR, which contains the value for that |
| 406 |
node, e.g. the \f(CW\*(C`MAC_1\*(C'\fR variable contains the \s-1MAC\s0 address of node #1, while |
| 407 |
the \f(CW\*(C`NODENAME_22\*(C'\fR variable contains the name of node #22. |
| 408 |
.Sp |
| 409 |
Here is a simple if-up script: |
| 410 |
.Sp |
| 411 |
.Vb 5 |
| 412 |
\& #!/bin/sh |
| 413 |
\& ip link set $IFNAME up |
| 414 |
\& [ $NODENAME = branch1 ] && ip addr add 10.0.0.1 dev $IFNAME |
| 415 |
\& [ $NODENAME = branch2 ] && ip addr add 10.1.0.1 dev $IFNAME |
| 416 |
\& ip route add 10.0.0.0/8 dev $IFNAME |
| 417 |
.Ve |
| 418 |
.Sp |
| 419 |
More complicated examples (using routing to reduce \s-1ARP\s0 traffic) can be |
| 420 |
found in the \fIetc/\fR subdirectory of the distribution. |
| 421 |
.RE |
| 422 |
.IP "ifname = devname" 4 |
| 423 |
.IX Item "ifname = devname" |
| 424 |
Sets the tun interface name to the given name. The default is OS-specific |
| 425 |
and most probably something like \f(CW\*(C`tun0\*(C'\fR. |
| 426 |
.IP "ifpersist = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 427 |
.IX Item "ifpersist = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 428 |
Should the tun/tap device be made persistent, that is, should the device |
| 429 |
stay up even when gvpe exits? Some versions of the tunnel device have |
| 430 |
problems sending packets when gvpe is restarted in persistent mode, so |
| 431 |
if the connections can be established but you cannot send packets from |
| 432 |
the local node, try to set this to \f(CW\*(C`off\*(C'\fR and do an ifconfig down on the |
| 433 |
device. |
| 434 |
.IP "ip-proto = numerical-ip-protocol" 4 |
| 435 |
.IX Item "ip-proto = numerical-ip-protocol" |
| 436 |
Sets the protocol number to be used for the rawip protocol. This is a |
| 437 |
global option because all nodes must use the same protocol, and since |
| 438 |
there are no port numbers, you cannot easily run more than one gvpe |
| 439 |
instance using the same protocol, nor can you share the protocol with |
| 440 |
other programs. |
| 441 |
.Sp |
| 442 |
The default is 47 (\s-1GRE\s0), which has a good chance of tunneling |
| 443 |
through firewalls (but note that gvpe's rawip protocol is not \s-1GRE\s0 |
| 444 |
compatible). Other common choices are 50 (\s-1IPSEC, ESP\s0), 51 (\s-1IPSEC, AH\s0), 4 |
| 445 |
(\s-1IPIP\s0 tunnels) or 98 (\s-1ENCAP,\s0 rfc1241). |
| 446 |
.Sp |
| 447 |
Many versions of Linux seem to have a bug that causes them to reorder |
| 448 |
packets for some ip protocols (\s-1GRE, ESP\s0) but not for others (\s-1AH\s0), so |
| 449 |
choose wisely (that is, use 51, \s-1AH\s0). |
| 450 |
.IP "http-proxy-host = hostname/ip" 4 |
| 451 |
.IX Item "http-proxy-host = hostname/ip" |
| 452 |
The \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-*\*(C'\fR family of options are only available if gvpe was |
| 453 |
compiled with the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-http\-proxy\*(C'\fR option and enable tunneling of |
| 454 |
tcp connections through a http proxy server. |
| 455 |
.Sp |
| 456 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-host\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-port\*(C'\fR should specify the hostname and |
| 457 |
port number of the proxy server. See \f(CW\*(C`http\-proxy\-loginpw\*(C'\fR if your proxy |
| 458 |
requires authentication. |
| 459 |
.Sp |
| 460 |
Please note that gvpe will still try to resolve all hostnames in the |
| 461 |
configuration file, so if you are behind a proxy without access to a \s-1DNS\s0 |
| 462 |
server better use numerical \s-1IP\s0 addresses. |
| 463 |
.Sp |
| 464 |
To make best use of this option disable all protocols except \s-1TCP\s0 in your |
| 465 |
config file and make sure your routers (or all other nodes) are listening |
| 466 |
on a port that the proxy allows (443, https, is a common choice). |
| 467 |
.Sp |
| 468 |
If you have a router, connecting to it will suffice. Otherwise \s-1TCP\s0 must be |
| 469 |
enabled on all nodes. |
| 470 |
.Sp |
| 471 |
Example: |
| 472 |
.Sp |
| 473 |
.Vb 3 |
| 474 |
\& http\-proxy\-host = proxy.example.com |
| 475 |
\& http\-proxy\-port = 3128 # 8080 is another common choice |
| 476 |
\& http\-proxy\-auth = schmorp:grumbeere |
| 477 |
.Ve |
| 478 |
.IP "http-proxy-port = proxy-tcp-port" 4 |
| 479 |
.IX Item "http-proxy-port = proxy-tcp-port" |
| 480 |
The port where your proxy server listens. |
| 481 |
.IP "http-proxy-auth = login:password" 4 |
| 482 |
.IX Item "http-proxy-auth = login:password" |
| 483 |
The optional login and password used to authenticate to the proxy server, |
| 484 |
separated by a literal colon (\f(CW\*(C`:\*(C'\fR). Only basic authentication is |
| 485 |
currently supported. |
| 486 |
.IP "keepalive = seconds" 4 |
| 487 |
.IX Item "keepalive = seconds" |
| 488 |
Sets the keepalive probe interval in seconds (default: \f(CW60\fR). After this |
| 489 |
many seconds of inactivity the daemon will start to send keepalive probe |
| 490 |
every 3 seconds until it receives a reply from the other end. If no reply |
| 491 |
is received within 15 seconds, the peer is considered unreachable and the |
| 492 |
connection is closed. |
| 493 |
.IP "loglevel = noise|trace|debug|info|notice|warn|error|critical" 4 |
| 494 |
.IX Item "loglevel = noise|trace|debug|info|notice|warn|error|critical" |
| 495 |
Set the logging level. Connection established messages are logged at level |
| 496 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR, notable errors are logged with \f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR. Default is \f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR. |
| 497 |
.IP "mtu = bytes" 4 |
| 498 |
.IX Item "mtu = bytes" |
| 499 |
Sets the maximum \s-1MTU\s0 that should be used on outgoing packets (basically |
| 500 |
the \s-1MTU\s0 of the outgoing interface) The daemon will automatically calculate |
| 501 |
maximum overhead (e.g. \s-1UDP\s0 header size, encryption blocksize...) and pass |
| 502 |
this information to the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR script. |
| 503 |
.Sp |
| 504 |
Recommended values are 1500 (ethernet), 1492 (pppoe), 1472 (pptp). |
| 505 |
.Sp |
| 506 |
This value must be the minimum of the \s-1MTU\s0 values of all nodes. |
| 507 |
.IP "nfmark = integer" 4 |
| 508 |
.IX Item "nfmark = integer" |
| 509 |
This advanced option, when set to a nonzero value (default: \f(CW0\fR), tries |
| 510 |
to set the netfilter mark (or fwmark) value on all sockets gvpe uses to |
| 511 |
send packets. |
| 512 |
.Sp |
| 513 |
This can be used to make gvpe use a different set of routing rules. For |
| 514 |
example, on GNU/Linux, the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR could set \f(CW\*(C`nfmark\*(C'\fR to 1000 and then |
| 515 |
put all routing rules into table \f(CW99\fR and then use an ip rule to make |
| 516 |
gvpe traffic avoid that routing table, in effect routing normal traffic |
| 517 |
via gvpe and gvpe traffic via the normal system routing tables: |
| 518 |
.Sp |
| 519 |
.Vb 1 |
| 520 |
\& ip rule add not fwmark 1000 lookup 99 |
| 521 |
.Ve |
| 522 |
.IP "node-up = relative-or-absolute-path" 4 |
| 523 |
.IX Item "node-up = relative-or-absolute-path" |
| 524 |
Sets a command (default: none) that should be called whenever a connection |
| 525 |
is established (even on rekeying operations). Note that node\-up/down |
| 526 |
scripts will be run asynchronously, but execution is serialised, so there |
| 527 |
will only ever be one such script running. |
| 528 |
.Sp |
| 529 |
In addition to all the variables passed to \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR scripts, the following |
| 530 |
environment variables will be set (values are just examples): |
| 531 |
.RS 4 |
| 532 |
.IP "DESTNODE=branch2" 4 |
| 533 |
.IX Item "DESTNODE=branch2" |
| 534 |
The name of the remote node. |
| 535 |
.IP "DESTID=2" 4 |
| 536 |
.IX Item "DESTID=2" |
| 537 |
The node id of the remote node. |
| 538 |
.IP "DESTSI=rawip/88.99.77.55:0" 4 |
| 539 |
.IX Item "DESTSI=rawip/88.99.77.55:0" |
| 540 |
The \*(L"socket info\*(R" of the target node, protocol dependent but usually in |
| 541 |
the format protocol/ip:port. |
| 542 |
.IP "DESTIP=188.13.66.8" 4 |
| 543 |
.IX Item "DESTIP=188.13.66.8" |
| 544 |
The numerical \s-1IP\s0 address of the remote node (gvpe accepts connections from |
| 545 |
everywhere, as long as the other node can authenticate itself). |
| 546 |
.IP "DESTPORT=655 # deprecated" 4 |
| 547 |
.IX Item "DESTPORT=655 # deprecated" |
| 548 |
The protocol port used by the other side, if applicable. |
| 549 |
.IP "STATE=up" 4 |
| 550 |
.IX Item "STATE=up" |
| 551 |
Node-up scripts get called with STATE=up, node-change scripts get called |
| 552 |
with STATE=change and node-down scripts get called with STATE=down. |
| 553 |
.RE |
| 554 |
.RS 4 |
| 555 |
.Sp |
| 556 |
Here is a nontrivial example that uses nsupdate to update the name => ip |
| 557 |
mapping in some \s-1DNS\s0 zone: |
| 558 |
.Sp |
| 559 |
.Vb 6 |
| 560 |
\& #!/bin/sh |
| 561 |
\& { |
| 562 |
\& echo update delete $DESTNODE.lowttl.example.net. a |
| 563 |
\& echo update add $DESTNODE.lowttl.example.net. 1 in a $DESTIP |
| 564 |
\& echo |
| 565 |
\& } | nsupdate \-d \-k $CONFBASE:key.example.net. |
| 566 |
.Ve |
| 567 |
.RE |
| 568 |
.IP "node-change = relative-or-absolute-path" 4 |
| 569 |
.IX Item "node-change = relative-or-absolute-path" |
| 570 |
Same as \f(CW\*(C`node\-change\*(C'\fR, but gets called whenever something about a |
| 571 |
connection changes (such as the source \s-1IP\s0 address). |
| 572 |
.IP "node-down = relative-or-absolute-path" 4 |
| 573 |
.IX Item "node-down = relative-or-absolute-path" |
| 574 |
Same as \f(CW\*(C`node\-up\*(C'\fR, but gets called whenever a connection is lost. |
| 575 |
.IP "pid-file = path" 4 |
| 576 |
.IX Item "pid-file = path" |
| 577 |
The path to the pid file to check and create |
| 578 |
(default: \f(CW\*(C`LOCALSTATEDIR/run/gvpe.pid\*(C'\fR). The first \f(CW%s\fR is replaced by |
| 579 |
the nodename \- any other use of \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR must be written as \f(CW\*(C`%%\*(C'\fR. |
| 580 |
.IP "private-key = relative-path-to-key" 4 |
| 581 |
.IX Item "private-key = relative-path-to-key" |
| 582 |
Sets the path (relative to the config directory) to the private key |
| 583 |
(default: \f(CW\*(C`hostkey\*(C'\fR). This is a printf format string so every \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR must |
| 584 |
be doubled. A single \f(CW%s\fR is replaced by the hostname, so you could use |
| 585 |
paths like \f(CW\*(C`hostkeys/%s\*(C'\fR to be able to share the same config directory |
| 586 |
between nodes. |
| 587 |
.Sp |
| 588 |
Since only the private key file of the current node is used and the |
| 589 |
private key file should be kept secret per-node to avoid spoofing, it is |
| 590 |
not recommended to use this feature this way though. |
| 591 |
.IP "rekey = seconds" 4 |
| 592 |
.IX Item "rekey = seconds" |
| 593 |
Sets the rekeying interval in seconds (default: \f(CW3607\fR). Connections are |
| 594 |
reestablished every \f(CW\*(C`rekey\*(C'\fR seconds, making them use a new encryption |
| 595 |
key. |
| 596 |
.IP "seed-device = path" 4 |
| 597 |
.IX Item "seed-device = path" |
| 598 |
The random device used to initially and regularly seed the random |
| 599 |
number generator (default: \fI/dev/urandom\fR). Randomness is of paramount |
| 600 |
importance to the security of the algorithms used in gvpe. |
| 601 |
.Sp |
| 602 |
On program start and every seed-interval, gvpe will read 64 octets. |
| 603 |
.Sp |
| 604 |
Setting this path to the empty string will disable this functionality |
| 605 |
completely (the underlying crypto library will likely look for entropy |
| 606 |
sources on it's own though, so not all is lost). |
| 607 |
.IP "seed-interval = seconds" 4 |
| 608 |
.IX Item "seed-interval = seconds" |
| 609 |
The number of seconds between reseeds of the random number generator |
| 610 |
(default: \f(CW3613\fR). A value of \f(CW0\fR disables this regular reseeding. |
| 611 |
.IP "serial = string" 4 |
| 612 |
.IX Item "serial = string" |
| 613 |
The configuration serial number. This can be any string up to 16 bytes |
| 614 |
length. Only when the serial matches on both sides of a connection will |
| 615 |
the connection succeed. This is \fInot\fR a security mechanism and eay to |
| 616 |
spoof, this mechanism exists to alert users that their config is outdated. |
| 617 |
.Sp |
| 618 |
It's recommended to specify this is a date string such as \f(CW\*(C`2013\-05\-05\*(C'\fR or |
| 619 |
\&\f(CW20121205084417\fR. |
| 620 |
.Sp |
| 621 |
The exact algorithm is as this: if a connection request is received form a |
| 622 |
node with an identical serial, then it succeeds normally. |
| 623 |
.Sp |
| 624 |
If the remote serial is lower than the local serial, it is ignored. |
| 625 |
.Sp |
| 626 |
If the remote serial is higher than the local serial, a warning message is |
| 627 |
logged. |
| 628 |
.SS "\s-1NODE SPECIFIC SETTINGS\s0" |
| 629 |
.IX Subsection "NODE SPECIFIC SETTINGS" |
| 630 |
The following settings are node-specific, that is, every node can have |
| 631 |
different settings, even within the same gvpe instance. Settings that are |
| 632 |
set before the first node section set the defaults, settings that are |
| 633 |
set within a node section only apply to the given node. |
| 634 |
.IP "allow-direct = nodename" 4 |
| 635 |
.IX Item "allow-direct = nodename" |
| 636 |
Allow direct connections to this node. See \f(CW\*(C`deny\-direct\*(C'\fR for more info. |
| 637 |
.IP "compress = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 638 |
.IX Item "compress = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 639 |
For the current node, this specified whether it will accept compressed |
| 640 |
packets, and for all other nodes, this specifies whether to try to |
| 641 |
compress data packets sent to this node (default: \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR). Compression is |
| 642 |
really cheap even on slow computers, has no size overhead at all and will |
| 643 |
only be used when the other side supports compression, so enabling this is |
| 644 |
often a good idea. |
| 645 |
.IP "connect = ondemand | never | always | disabled" 4 |
| 646 |
.IX Item "connect = ondemand | never | always | disabled" |
| 647 |
Sets the connect mode (default: \f(CW\*(C`always\*(C'\fR). It can be \f(CW\*(C`always\*(C'\fR (always |
| 648 |
try to establish and keep a connection to the given node), \f(CW\*(C`never\*(C'\fR |
| 649 |
(never initiate a connection to the given host, but accept connections), |
| 650 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`ondemand\*(C'\fR (try to establish a connection when there are outstanding |
| 651 |
packets in the queue and take it down after the keepalive interval) or |
| 652 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`disabled\*(C'\fR (node is bad, don't talk to it). |
| 653 |
.Sp |
| 654 |
Routers will automatically be forced to \f(CW\*(C`always\*(C'\fR unless they are |
| 655 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`disabled\*(C'\fR, to ensure all nodes can talk to each other. |
| 656 |
.IP "deny-direct = nodename | *" 4 |
| 657 |
.IX Item "deny-direct = nodename | *" |
| 658 |
Deny direct connections to the specified node (or all nodes when \f(CW\*(C`*\*(C'\fR |
| 659 |
is given). Only one node can be specified, but you can use multiple |
| 660 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`allow\-direct\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`deny\-direct\*(C'\fR statements. This only makes sense in |
| 661 |
networks with routers, as routers are required for indirect connections. |
| 662 |
.Sp |
| 663 |
Sometimes, a node cannot reach some other nodes for reasons of network |
| 664 |
connectivity. For example, a node behind a firewall that only allows |
| 665 |
connections to/from a single other node in the network. In this case one |
| 666 |
should specify \f(CW\*(C`deny\-direct = *\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`allow\-direct = othernodename\*(C'\fR (the other |
| 667 |
node \fImust\fR be a router for this to work). |
| 668 |
.Sp |
| 669 |
The algorithm to check whether a connection may be direct is as follows: |
| 670 |
.Sp |
| 671 |
1. Other node mentioned in an \f(CW\*(C`allow\-direct\*(C'\fR? If yes, allow the connection. |
| 672 |
.Sp |
| 673 |
2. Other node mentioned in a \f(CW\*(C`deny\-direct\*(C'\fR? If yes, deny direct connections. |
| 674 |
.Sp |
| 675 |
3. Allow the connection. |
| 676 |
.Sp |
| 677 |
That is, \f(CW\*(C`allow\-direct\*(C'\fR takes precedence over \f(CW\*(C`deny\-direct\*(C'\fR. |
| 678 |
.Sp |
| 679 |
The check is done in both directions, i.e. both nodes must allow a direct |
| 680 |
connection before one is attempted, so you only need to specify connect |
| 681 |
limitations on one node. |
| 682 |
.IP "dns-domain = domain-suffix" 4 |
| 683 |
.IX Item "dns-domain = domain-suffix" |
| 684 |
The \s-1DNS\s0 domain suffix that points to the \s-1DNS\s0 tunnel server for this node. |
| 685 |
.Sp |
| 686 |
The domain must point to a \s-1NS\s0 record that points to the \fIdns-hostname\fR, |
| 687 |
i.e. |
| 688 |
.Sp |
| 689 |
.Vb 2 |
| 690 |
\& dns\-domainname = tunnel.example.net |
| 691 |
\& dns\-hostname = tunnel\-server.example.net |
| 692 |
.Ve |
| 693 |
.Sp |
| 694 |
Corresponds to the following \s-1DNS\s0 entries in the \f(CW\*(C`example.net\*(C'\fR domain: |
| 695 |
.Sp |
| 696 |
.Vb 2 |
| 697 |
\& tunnel.example.net. NS tunnel\-server.example.net. |
| 698 |
\& tunnel\-server.example.net. A 13.13.13.13 |
| 699 |
.Ve |
| 700 |
.IP "dns-hostname = hostname/ip" 4 |
| 701 |
.IX Item "dns-hostname = hostname/ip" |
| 702 |
The address to bind the \s-1DNS\s0 tunnel socket to, similar to the \f(CW\*(C`hostname\*(C'\fR, |
| 703 |
but for the \s-1DNS\s0 tunnel protocol only. Default: \f(CW0.0.0.0\fR, but that might |
| 704 |
change. |
| 705 |
.IP "dns-port = port-number" 4 |
| 706 |
.IX Item "dns-port = port-number" |
| 707 |
The port to bind the \s-1DNS\s0 tunnel socket to. Must be \f(CW53\fR on \s-1DNS\s0 tunnel servers. |
| 708 |
.IP "enable-dns = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 709 |
.IX Item "enable-dns = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 710 |
See \fIgvpe.protocol\fR\|(7) for a description of the \s-1DNS\s0 transport |
| 711 |
protocol. Avoid this protocol if you can. |
| 712 |
.Sp |
| 713 |
Enable the \s-1DNS\s0 tunneling protocol on this node, either as server or as |
| 714 |
client. Support for this transport protocol is only available when gvpe |
| 715 |
was compiled using the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-dns\*(C'\fR option. |
| 716 |
.IP "enable-icmp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 717 |
.IX Item "enable-icmp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 718 |
See \fIgvpe.protocol\fR\|(7) for a description of the \s-1ICMP\s0 transport protocol. |
| 719 |
.Sp |
| 720 |
Enable the \s-1ICMP\s0 transport using \s-1ICMP\s0 packets of type \f(CW\*(C`icmp\-type\*(C'\fR on this |
| 721 |
node. |
| 722 |
.IP "enable-rawip = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 723 |
.IX Item "enable-rawip = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 724 |
See \fIgvpe.protocol\fR\|(7) for a description of the \s-1RAW IP\s0 transport protocol. |
| 725 |
.Sp |
| 726 |
Enable the \s-1RAW\s0 IPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`ip\-proto\*(C'\fR protocol |
| 727 |
(default: \f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR). |
| 728 |
.IP "enable-tcp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 729 |
.IX Item "enable-tcp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 730 |
See \fIgvpe.protocol\fR\|(7) for a description of the \s-1TCP\s0 transport protocol. |
| 731 |
.Sp |
| 732 |
Enable the TCPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`tcp\-port\*(C'\fR port |
| 733 |
(default: \f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR). Support for this transport protocol is only available |
| 734 |
when gvpe was compiled using the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-enable\-tcp\*(C'\fR option. |
| 735 |
.IP "enable-udp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 736 |
.IX Item "enable-udp = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 737 |
See \fIgvpe.protocol\fR\|(7) for a description of the \s-1UDP\s0 transport protocol. |
| 738 |
.Sp |
| 739 |
Enable the UDPv4 transport using the \f(CW\*(C`udp\-port\*(C'\fR port (default: \f(CW\*(C`no\*(C'\fR). |
| 740 |
.IP "hostname = hostname | ip [can not be defaulted]" 4 |
| 741 |
.IX Item "hostname = hostname | ip [can not be defaulted]" |
| 742 |
Forces the address of this node to be set to the given \s-1DNS\s0 hostname or \s-1IP\s0 |
| 743 |
address. It will be resolved before each connect request, so dyndns should |
| 744 |
work fine. If this setting is not specified and a router is available, |
| 745 |
then the router will be queried for the address of this node. Otherwise, |
| 746 |
the connection attempt will fail. |
| 747 |
.Sp |
| 748 |
Note that \s-1DNS\s0 resolving is done synchronously, pausing the daemon. If that |
| 749 |
is an issue you need to specify \s-1IP\s0 addresses. |
| 750 |
.IP "icmp-type = integer" 4 |
| 751 |
.IX Item "icmp-type = integer" |
| 752 |
Sets the type value to be used for outgoing (and incoming) packets sent |
| 753 |
via the \s-1ICMP\s0 transport. |
| 754 |
.Sp |
| 755 |
The default is \f(CW0\fR (which is \f(CW\*(C`echo\-reply\*(C'\fR, also known as |
| 756 |
\&\*(L"ping-reply\*(R"). Other useful values include \f(CW8\fR (\f(CW\*(C`echo\-request\*(C'\fR, a.k.a. |
| 757 |
\&\*(L"ping\*(R") and \f(CW11\fR (\f(CW\*(C`time\-exceeded\*(C'\fR), but any 8\-bit value can be used. |
| 758 |
.IP "if-up-data = value" 4 |
| 759 |
.IX Item "if-up-data = value" |
| 760 |
The value specified using this directive will be passed to the \f(CW\*(C`if\-up\*(C'\fR |
| 761 |
script in the environment variable \f(CW\*(C`IFUPDATA\*(C'\fR. |
| 762 |
.IP "inherit-tos = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 763 |
.IX Item "inherit-tos = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 764 |
Whether to inherit the \s-1TOS\s0 settings of packets sent to the tunnel when |
| 765 |
sending packets to this node (default: \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR). If set to \f(CW\*(C`yes\*(C'\fR then |
| 766 |
outgoing tunnel packets will have the same \s-1TOS\s0 setting as the packets sent |
| 767 |
to the tunnel device, which is usually what you want. |
| 768 |
.IP "low-power = yes|true|on | no|false|off" 4 |
| 769 |
.IX Item "low-power = yes|true|on | no|false|off" |
| 770 |
If true, designates a node as a low-power node. Low-power nodes use |
| 771 |
larger timeouts and try to reduce cpu time. Other nodes talking to a |
| 772 |
low-power node will also use larger timeouts, and will use less aggressive |
| 773 |
optimisations, in the hope of reducing load. Security is not compromised. |
| 774 |
.Sp |
| 775 |
The typical low-power node would be a mobile phone, where wakeups and |
| 776 |
encryption can significantly increase power drain. |
| 777 |
.IP "max-retry = positive-number" 4 |
| 778 |
.IX Item "max-retry = positive-number" |
| 779 |
The maximum interval in seconds (default: \f(CW3600\fR, one hour) between |
| 780 |
retries to establish a connection to this node. When a connection cannot |
| 781 |
be established, gvpe uses exponential back-off capped at this value. It's |
| 782 |
sometimes useful to set this to a much lower value (e.g. \f(CW120\fR) on |
| 783 |
connections to routers that usually are stable but sometimes are down, to |
| 784 |
assure quick reconnections even after longer downtimes. |
| 785 |
.IP "max-ttl = seconds" 4 |
| 786 |
.IX Item "max-ttl = seconds" |
| 787 |
Expire packets that couldn't be sent after this many seconds |
| 788 |
(default: \f(CW60\fR). Gvpe will normally queue packets for a node without an |
| 789 |
active connection, in the hope of establishing a connection soon. This |
| 790 |
value specifies the maximum lifetime a packet will stay in the queue, if a |
| 791 |
packet gets older, it will be thrown away. |
| 792 |
.IP "max-queue = positive\-number>=1" 4 |
| 793 |
.IX Item "max-queue = positive-number>=1" |
| 794 |
The maximum number of packets that will be queued (default: \f(CW512\fR) |
| 795 |
for this node. If more packets are sent then earlier packets will be |
| 796 |
expired. See \f(CW\*(C`max\-ttl\*(C'\fR, above. |
| 797 |
.IP "router-priority = 0 | 1 | positive\-number>=2" 4 |
| 798 |
.IX Item "router-priority = 0 | 1 | positive-number>=2" |
| 799 |
Sets the router priority of the given node (default: \f(CW0\fR, disabled). |
| 800 |
.Sp |
| 801 |
If some node tries to connect to another node but it doesn't have a |
| 802 |
hostname, it asks a router node for it's \s-1IP\s0 address. The router node |
| 803 |
chosen is the one with the highest priority larger than \f(CW1\fR that is |
| 804 |
currently reachable. This is called a \fImediated\fR connection, as the |
| 805 |
connection itself will still be direct, but it uses another node to |
| 806 |
mediate between the two nodes. |
| 807 |
.Sp |
| 808 |
The value \f(CW0\fR disables routing, that means if the node receives a packet |
| 809 |
not for itself it will not forward it but instead drop it. |
| 810 |
.Sp |
| 811 |
The special value \f(CW1\fR allows other hosts to route through the router |
| 812 |
host, but they will never route through it by default (i.e. the config |
| 813 |
file of another node needs to specify a router priority higher than one |
| 814 |
to choose such a node for routing). |
| 815 |
.Sp |
| 816 |
The idea behind this is that some hosts can, if required, bump the |
| 817 |
\&\f(CW\*(C`router\-priority\*(C'\fR setting to higher than \f(CW1\fR in their local config to |
| 818 |
route through specific hosts. If \f(CW\*(C`router\-priority\*(C'\fR is \f(CW0\fR, then routing |
| 819 |
will be refused, so \f(CW1\fR serves as a \*(L"enable, but do not use by default\*(R" |
| 820 |
switch. |
| 821 |
.Sp |
| 822 |
Nodes with \f(CW\*(C`router\-priority\*(C'\fR set to \f(CW2\fR or higher will always be forced |
| 823 |
to \f(CW\*(C`connect\*(C'\fR = \f(CW\*(C`always\*(C'\fR (unless they are \f(CW\*(C`disabled\*(C'\fR). |
| 824 |
.IP "tcp-port = port-number" 4 |
| 825 |
.IX Item "tcp-port = port-number" |
| 826 |
Similar to \f(CW\*(C`udp\-port\*(C'\fR (default: \f(CW655\fR), but sets the \s-1TCP\s0 port number. |
| 827 |
.IP "udp-port = port-number" 4 |
| 828 |
.IX Item "udp-port = port-number" |
| 829 |
Sets the port number used by the \s-1UDP\s0 protocol (default: \f(CW655\fR, not |
| 830 |
officially assigned by \s-1IANA\s0!). |
| 831 |
.SH "CONFIG DIRECTORY LAYOUT" |
| 832 |
.IX Header "CONFIG DIRECTORY LAYOUT" |
| 833 |
The default (or recommended) directory layout for the config directory is: |
| 834 |
.IP "gvpe.conf" 4 |
| 835 |
.IX Item "gvpe.conf" |
| 836 |
The config file. |
| 837 |
.IP "if-up" 4 |
| 838 |
.IX Item "if-up" |
| 839 |
The if-up script |
| 840 |
.IP "node-up, node-down" 4 |
| 841 |
.IX Item "node-up, node-down" |
| 842 |
If used the node up or node-down scripts. |
| 843 |
.IP "hostkey" 4 |
| 844 |
.IX Item "hostkey" |
| 845 |
The (default path of the) private key of the current host. |
| 846 |
.IP "pubkey/nodename" 4 |
| 847 |
.IX Item "pubkey/nodename" |
| 848 |
The public keys of the other nodes, one file per node. |
| 849 |
.SH "SEE ALSO" |
| 850 |
.IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
| 851 |
\&\fIgvpe\fR\|(5), \fIgvpe\fR\|(8), \fIgvpectrl\fR\|(8). |
| 852 |
.SH "AUTHOR" |
| 853 |
.IX Header "AUTHOR" |
| 854 |
Marc Lehmann <gvpe@schmorp.de> |
